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Qian G, Morral N. Role of non-coding RNAs on liver metabolism and NAFLD pathogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:R4-R21. [PMID: 35417923 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are major contributors to the growing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a chronic liver condition characterized by accumulation of fat in individuals without a significant amount of alcohol intake. The NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple steatosis (early stages, known as NAFL), to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and NAFLD are strongly associated with insulin resistance. In the liver, insulin resistance increases hepatic glucose output, lipogenesis, and VLDL secretion, leading to a combination of hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Aberrant gene expression is a hallmark of insulin resistance. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as prominent regulators of gene expression that operate at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In the last couple of decades a wealth of studies have provided evidence that most processes of liver metabolism are orchestrated by ncRNAs. This review focuses on the role of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs as coordinators of hepatic function, as well as the current understanding on how their dysregulation contributes to abnormal metabolism and pathophysiology in animal models of insulin resistance and NAFLD. Moreover, ncRNAs are emerging as useful biomarkers that may be able to discriminate between the different stages of NAFLD. The potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic drugs for NAFLD treatment and as biomarkers is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Qian
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Núria Morral
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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Šimonienė D, Stukas D, Daukša A, Veličkienė D. Clinical Role of Serum miR-107 in Type 2 Diabetes and Related Risk Factors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040558. [PMID: 35454146 PMCID: PMC9027608 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As the diagnostic and treatment options for diabetes improve, more attention nowadays is being paid to the exact identification of the etiopathological mechanism of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathogenetic background for T2DM. Several studies demonstrate that miRNAs play an important role in systemic inflammation and thus in T2DM pathogenesis. Overexpression of miR-107 may cause an imbalance of glucose homeostasis, obesity, and dyslipidemia, by regulating insulin sensitivity through the insulin signaling pathway. Methods: 53 patients with T2DM and 54 nondiabetic patients were involved in the study. This study aimed to examine whether miR-107 expression in the serum of patients with diabetes was different from the control group (non-diabetic) and whether miR-107 expression correlated with lipid levels, BMI, and other factors, and finally, with insulin resistance in general. Results: miR-107 expression was higher in the T2DM group than in the control group (1.33 versus 0.63 (p = 0.016). In general, miR-107 expression was directly and positively associated with BMI (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), age (r = 0.3, p = 0.004), and male gender (p = 0.006). Moreover, miR-107 was related to dyslipidemia: Patients with higher miR-107 levels had lower HDL levels (in the control group: r = −0.262, p = 0.022 vs. diabetic group: r = −0.315, p = 0.007). Finally, the overexpression of miR-107 was associated with higher HOMA-IR in the diabetic group (r = 0.373, p = 0.035). Conclusion: MiR-107 expression is higher among diabetic patients than that of nondiabetic control subjects. Higher miR-107 levels are also related to dyslipidemia (lower HDL levels)—in the general cohort and non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, higher miR-107 expression is related to insulin resistance in the diabetic group. In general, higher miR-107 expression levels are related to a higher BMI, older age, and the male gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Šimonienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6-8979121
| | - Darius Stukas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Albertas Daukša
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Department of Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Džilda Veličkienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Asakiya C, Zhu L, Yuhan J, Zhu L, Huang K, Xu W. Current progress of miRNA-derivative nucleotide drugs: Modifications, delivery systems, applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:435-450. [PMID: 35387533 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2063835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION miRNA-derivative clinical nucleotide drugs (mdCNDs) effectively treat several diseases, with numerous undergoing clinical trials. In early-stage trials in disease therapeutics such as malignant pleural mesothelioma and hepatic virus C infection, mdCND's therapeutic potency is undeniably good for effectiveness and safety. AREAS COVERED 15 mdCNDs undergoing clinical trials are introduced in this review. MiRNA modifications methods have been summarized including phosphorothioate, cholesterol, locked nucleic acid, 2'-O-methyl, N,N-diethyl-4-(4-nitronaphthalen1-ylazo)-phenylamine modifications and many more. Moreover, delivery systems, including self-assembled, inorganic ions nanoparticles, exosomes, and lipid-based nanosystems for mdCNDs targeted delivery, are presented. Among that, EnGeneIC, N-Acetylgalactosamine, liposomal nanoparticles, and cholesterol-conjugated for mdCNDs delivery are currently undergoing clinical trials. The pH, light, temperature, redox-responsive, enzyme, and specific-substance modes to trigger the release of miRNAs to target sites on-demand and the prospects of mdCNDs are discussed in this review. EXPERT OPINION mdNCDs are one type of promising clinical drugs, however, it is still in the infancy. During the development process, it is imperative to advance in modifying miRNAs, especially at the 5'-end, to enhance targetability and stability against nucleases, develop a stimuli-responsive mode to control the release of mdCNDs to tissue cell-type-specific sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Asakiya
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liye Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jieyu Yuhan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longjiao Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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104
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Li X, Qi L. Epigenetics in Precision Nutrition. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040533. [PMID: 35455649 PMCID: PMC9027461 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision nutrition is an emerging area of nutrition research, with primary focus on the individual variability in response to dietary and lifestyle factors, which are mainly determined by an individual’s intrinsic variations, such as those in genome, epigenome, and gut microbiome. The current research on precision nutrition is heavily focused on genome and gut microbiome, while epigenome (DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and histone modification) is largely neglected. The epigenome acts as the interface between the human genome and environmental stressors, including diets and lifestyle. Increasing evidence has suggested that epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, may determine the individual variability in metabolic health and response to dietary and lifestyle factors and, therefore, hold great promise in discovering novel markers for precision nutrition and potential targets for precision interventions. This review summarized recent studies on DNA methylation with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, with more emphasis put in the relations of DNA methylation with nutrition and diet/lifestyle interventions. We also briefly reviewed other epigenetic events, such as non-coding RNAs, in relation to human health and nutrition, and discussed the potential role of epigenetics in the precision nutrition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-504-988-7259
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Krofta L. First-Trimester Screening for Fetal Growth Restriction and Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies without Preeclampsia Using Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNA Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030718. [PMID: 35327520 PMCID: PMC8945808 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to determine the early diagnostical potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for prediction of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) without preeclampsia (PE). The whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation from singleton Caucasian pregnancies within the period November 2012 to March 2020. The case-control retrospective study, nested in a cohort, involved all pregnancies diagnosed with SGA (n = 37) or FGR (n = 82) without PE and 80 appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-195-5p was observed in SGA or FGR pregnancies at 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). Upregulation of miR-1-3p, miR-20b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, and miR-499a-5p was observed in SGA pregnancies only at 10.0% FPR. Upregulation of miR-145-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p was detected in FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR. The combination of four microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-181a-5p) was able to identify 75.68% SGA pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of SGA pregnancies without PE increased 4.67-fold (75.68% vs. 16.22%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. The combination of seven microRNA biomarkers (miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p) was able to identify 42.68% FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of FGR pregnancies without PE increased 1.52-fold (42.68% vs. 28.05%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers with very suitable predictive potential for SGA or FGR without PE to be implemented into the routine screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296-511-336
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Zhang X, Yuan S, Liu J, Tang Y, Wang Y, Zhan J, Fan J, Nie X, Zhao Y, Wen Z, Li H, Chen C, Wang DW. Overexpression of cytosolic long noncoding RNA cytb protects against pressure-overload-induced heart failure via sponging microRNA-103-3p. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:1127-1145. [PMID: 35251768 PMCID: PMC8881631 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in cardiovascular diseases. To date, only limited studies have reported the role of mitochondria-derived lncRNAs in heart failure (HF). In the current study, recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 was used to manipulate lncRNA cytb (lnccytb) expression in vivo. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to determine the location of lnccytb, while microRNA (miRNA) sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were applied to identify the downstream targets. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) function of lnccytb was evaluated by biotin-coupled miRNA pull-down assays and luciferase reporter assays. Results showed that lnccytb expression was decreased in the heart of mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC), as well as in the heart and plasma of patients with HF. FISH assay and absolute RNA quantification via real-time reverse transcription PCR suggested that the reduction of the lnccytb transcripts mainly occurred in the cytosol. Upregulation of cytosolic lnccytb attenuated cardiac dysfunction in TAC mice. Moreover, overexpression of cytosolic lnccytb in cardiomyocytes alleviated isoprenaline-induced reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and hypertrophy. Mechanistically, lnccytb acted as a ceRNA via sponging miR-103-3p, ultimately mitigating the suppression of PTEN by miR-103-3p. In summary, we demonstrated that the overexpression of cytosolic lnccytb could ameliorate HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuyan Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiabing Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
- Corresponding author Chen Chen, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
- Corresponding author Dao Wen Wang, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Wonnacott A, Denby L, Coward RJM, Fraser DJ, Bowen T. MicroRNAs and their delivery in diabetic fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114045. [PMID: 34767865 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus was estimated to be 463 million people in 2019 and is predicted to rise to 700 million by 2045. The associated financial and societal costs of this burgeoning epidemic demand an understanding of the pathology of this disease, and its complications, that will inform treatment to enable improved patient outcomes. Nearly two decades after the sequencing of the human genome, the significance of noncoding RNA expression is still being assessed. The family of functional noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs regulates the expression of most genes encoded by the human genome. Altered microRNA expression profiles have been observed both in diabetes and in diabetic complications. These transcripts therefore have significant potential and novelty as targets for therapy, therapeutic agents and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Wonnacott
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Richard J M Coward
- Bristol Renal, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Donald J Fraser
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Timothy Bowen
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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Zogg H, Singh R, Ro S. Current Advances in RNA Therapeutics for Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052736. [PMID: 35269876 PMCID: PMC8911101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the discovery of nucleic acids by Friedrich Miescher in 1868, DNA and RNA were recognized as the genetic code containing the necessary information for proper cell functioning. In the years following these discoveries, vast knowledge of the seemingly endless roles of RNA have become better understood. Additionally, many new types of RNAs were discovered that seemed to have no coding properties (non-coding RNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs). The discovery of these new RNAs created a new avenue for treating various human diseases. However, RNA is relatively unstable and is degraded fairly rapidly once administered; this has led to the development of novel delivery mechanisms, such as nanoparticles to increase stability as well as to prevent off-target effects of these molecules. Current advances in RNA-based therapies have substantial promise in treating and preventing many human diseases and disorders through fixing the pathology instead of merely treating the symptomology similarly to traditional therapeutics. Although many RNA therapeutics have made it to clinical trials, only a few have been FDA approved thus far. Additionally, the results of clinical trials for RNA therapeutics have been ambivalent to date, with some studies demonstrating potent efficacy, whereas others have limited effectiveness and/or toxicity. Momentum is building in the clinic for RNA therapeutics; future clinical care of human diseases will likely comprise promising RNA therapeutics. This review focuses on the current advances of RNA therapeutics and addresses current challenges with their development.
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109
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He L, Bao T, Yang Y, Wang H, Gu C, Chen J, Zhai T, He X, Wu M, Zhao L, Tong X. Exploring the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction from the perspective of exosomal miRNA. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114786. [PMID: 34763043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes is a common, complex, chronic metabolic disease. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-parallel controlled clinical study has shown that Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) can reduce glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) intestinal damp-heat syndrome patients in a dose-dependent manner. AIM To explore the pathogenesis of T2DM intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of GQD from the perspective of exosomal microRNA (miRNA). METHODS Eligible patients were selected and treated with GQD for 3 months to evaluate their clinical efficacy. Effective cases were matched with healthy volunteers, and saliva samples were collected. Exosomal miRNA was extracted from saliva and analyzed by chip sequencing. Subsequently, the function of the differential gene and the signal transduction pathway were analyzed using bioinformatics technology. Finally, three target miRNAs were randomly selected from the T2DM group/healthy group, and two target miRNAs in the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group were randomly selected for qPCR verification. Finally, we conducted a correlation analysis of the miRNAs and clinical indicators. The registration number for this research is ChiCTR-IOR-15006626. RESULTS (1) The expression of exosomal miRNA chips showed that there were 14 differentially expressed miRNAs in the T2DM group/healthy group, and 26 differentially expressed miRNAs in the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group. (2) Enrichment results showed that in the T2DM group/healthy group, it was primarily related to cell development, body metabolism, TGF-β, and ErbB signaling pathways. In the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group, it was mainly related to cellular metabolic regulation processes, and insulin, Wnt, and AMPK signaling pathways. (3) The qPCR verification showed that the expressions of hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, and hsa-miR-216b-5p in the T2DM group was higher (P<0.05). Following GQD treatment, hsa-miR-342-3p and hsa-miR-221-3p were significantly downregulated (P<0.05). (4) hsa-miR-9-5p was positively correlated with BMI (P<0.05), and hsa-miR-150-5p was positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglycerides (P<0.05). The GQD efficacy-related gene hsa-miR-342-3p was positively correlated with the patient's initial blood glucose level (P<0.05), and hsa-miR-221-3p was positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglycerides (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The exosomal miRNA expression profile and signaling pathways related to T2DM intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the efficacy of GQD were established, which provides an alternative strategy for precision traditional Chinese medicine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiSha He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chengjuan Gu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guang Zhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tiangang Zhai
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinhui He
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Mengyi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Endocrinology Department, Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, 130117, China.
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Sørensen AE, van Poppel MNM, Desoye G, Simmons D, Damm P, Jensen DM, Dalgaard LT. The Temporal Profile of Circulating miRNAs during Gestation in Overweight and Obese Women with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020482. [PMID: 35203692 PMCID: PMC8962411 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are important for placentation, but their expression profiles across gestation in pregnancies, which are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), have not been fully established. Investigating a single time point is insufficient, as pregnancy is dynamic, involving several processes, including placenta development, trophoblast proliferation and differentiation and oxygen sensing. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the temporal expression of serum miRNAs in pregnant women with and without GDM. This is a nested case-control study of longitudinal data obtained from a multicentric European study (the ‘DALI’ study). All women (n = 82) were overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 29 kg/m2) and were normal glucose tolerant (NGT) at baseline (before 20 weeks of gestation). We selected women (n = 41) who were diagnosed with GDM at 24–28 weeks, according to the IADPSG/WHO2013 criteria. They were matched with 41 women who remained NGT in their pregnancy. miRNA (miR-16-5p, -29a-3p, -103-3p, -134-5p, -122-5p, -223-3p, -330-3p and miR-433-3p) were selected based on their suggested importance for placentation, and measurements were performed at baseline and at 24–28 and 35–37 weeks of gestation. Women with GDM presented with overall miRNA levels above those observed for women remaining NGT. In both groups, levels of miR-29a-3p and miR-134-5p increased consistently with progressing gestation. The change over time only differed for miR-29a-3p when comparing women with GDM with those remaining NGT (p = 0.044). Our findings indicate that among overweight/obese women who later develop GDM, miRNA levels are already elevated early in pregnancy and remain above those of women who remain NGT during their pregnancy. Maternal circulating miRNAs may provide further insight into placentation and the cross talk between the maternal and fetal compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Elaine Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-4674-3994
| | - Mireille N. M. van Poppel
- Faculty of Environmental and Regional Sciences and Education, Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - David Simmons
- Macarthur Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSE 2560, Australia;
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte Møller Jensen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Torp Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
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111
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Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in the Feed Efficiency of Livestock Species. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020297. [PMID: 35205343 PMCID: PMC8872339 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A global population of already more than seven billion people has led to an increased demand for food and water, and especially the demand for meat. Moreover, the cost of feed used in animal production has also increased dramatically, which requires animal breeders to find alternatives to reduce feed consumption. Understanding the biology underlying feed efficiency (FE) allows for a better selection of feed-efficient animals. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play important roles in the regulation of bio-logical processes and disease development. The functions of ncRNAs in the biology of FE have emerged as they participate in the regulation of many genes and pathways related to the major FE indicators, such as residual feed intake and feed conversion ratio. This review provides the state of the art studies related to the ncRNAs associated with FE in livestock species. The contribution of ncRNAs to FE in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues were summarized. The research gap of the function of ncRNAs in key processes for improved FE, such as the nutrition, heat stress, and gut–brain axis, was examined. Finally, the potential uses of ncRNAs for the improvement of FE were discussed.
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Abstract
An extensive literature base combined with advances in sequencing technologies demonstrate microRNA levels correlate with various metabolic diseases. Mechanistic studies also establish microRNAs regulate central metabolic pathways and thus play vital roles in maintaining organismal energy balance and metabolic homeostasis. This review highlights research progress on the roles and regulation of microRNAs in the peripheral tissues that confer insulin sensitivity. We discuss sequencing technologies used to comprehensively define the target spectrum of microRNAs in metabolic disease that complement studies reporting physiologic roles for microRNAs in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in animal models. We also discuss the emerging roles of exosomal microRNAs as endocrine signals to regulate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Ho Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: Sean M. Hartig, PhD, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM185, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Pérez-García A, Torrecilla-Parra M, Fernández-de Frutos M, Martín-Martín Y, Pardo-Marqués V, Ramírez CM. Posttranscriptional Regulation of Insulin Resistance: Implications for Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020208. [PMID: 35204710 PMCID: PMC8961590 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance defines an impairment in the biologic response to insulin action in target tissues, primarily the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and brain. Insulin resistance affects physiology in many ways, causing hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, visceral adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, elevated inflammatory markers, and endothelial dysfunction, and its persistence leads to the development metabolic disease, including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. In addition to classical transcriptional factors, posttranscriptional control of gene expression exerted by microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins constitutes a new level of regulation with important implications in metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we describe miRNAs and RBPs that control key genes involved in the insulin signaling pathway and related regulatory networks, and their impact on human metabolic diseases at the molecular level, as well as their potential use for diagnosis and future therapeutics.
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114
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Yu Z, Luo R, Li Y, Li X, Yang Z, Peng J, Huang K. ADAR1 inhibits adipogenesis and obesity by interacting with dicer to promote the maturation of miR-155-5P. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274090. [PMID: 35067718 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is closely related to various metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This cellular process is highly dependent on the expression and sequential activation of a diverse group of transcription factors. Here, we report that ADAR1 could inhibit adipogenesis through binding with Dicer, resulting in enhanced production of miR-155-5p, which downregulates the adipogenic early transcription factor C/EBPβ. Consequently, the expression levels of late transcription factors (C/ebpα and PPARγ) are reduced and adipogenesis is inhibited. More importantly, in vivo studies reveal that overexpression of ADAR1 suppresses white adipose tissue expansion in high fat diet-induced obese mice, leading to improved metabolic phenotypes such as insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuying Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruijie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yutian Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengrui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd people's Hospital of Lincang city, Lincang, China
| | - Jiangtong Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd people's Hospital of Lincang city, Lincang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang D, Niu S, Ma Y, Chen H, Wen Y, Li M, Zhou B, Deng Y, Shi C, Pu G, Yang M, Wang X, Zou C, Chen Y, Ma L. Fenofibrate Improves Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis and Regulates the Let-7/SERCA2b Axis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:770652. [PMID: 35126113 PMCID: PMC8807641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.770652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate is widely used in clinical therapy to effectively ameliorate the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, its specific molecular mechanism of action remains largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key mediators in regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during NAFLD, and the deregulation of miRNAs has been demonstrated in NAFLD pathophysiology. The present study aimed to identify whether fenofibrate could influence miRNA expression in NAFLD and investigate the specific mechanism of action of fenofibrate in lipid metabolism disorder-associated diseases. We found that fenofibrate alleviated ER stress and increased the levels of SERCA2b, which serves as a regulator of ER stress. Additionally, the levels of let-7 miRNA were regulated by fenofibrate; let-7 was found to target the 3′ untranslated region of SERCA2b. The present data suggest that the protective effects of fenofibrate against insulin resistance and its suppressive activity against excessive hepatic lipid accumulation may be related to the alteration of the let-7/SERCA2b axis and alleviation of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shanzhuang Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yicheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingke Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunjing Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guangyu Pu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianmei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chenggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanli Chen, ; Lanqing Ma,
| | - Lanqing Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanli Chen, ; Lanqing Ma,
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116
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Emergent Roles of Circular RNAs in Metabolism and Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031032. [PMID: 35162956 PMCID: PMC8834750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an emerging group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and have attracted attention again according to the progress in high-throughput sequencing in recent years. circRNAs are genome transcripts produced from pre-messenger (m)RNA regions in a specific process called “back-splicing,” which forms covalently closed continuous loops. Due to their lack of a 5’ cap and 3’ poly-adenylated tails, circRNAs are remarkably more stable than linear RNAs. Functionally, circRNAs can endogenously sponge to microRNAs, interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), or translate themselves. Moreover, circRNAs can be expressed in cell type- or tissue-specific expression patterns. Therefore, they are proposed to play essential roles in fine-tuning our body’s homeostasis by regulating transcription and translation processes. Indeed, there has been accumulating emergent evidence showing that dysregulation of circRNAs can lead to metabolic disorders. This study explored the current knowledge of circRNAs that regulate molecular processes associated with glucose and lipid homeostasis and related pathogeneses of metabolic disorders. We also suggest the potential role of circRNAs as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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117
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MicroRNA Transcriptomics Analysis Identifies Dysregulated Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Exposed to Hyperglycemia. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106281. [PMID: 35026495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycemia is often observed in the patients after acute stroke. This study aims to elucidate the potential effect and mechanism of hyperglycemia by screening microRNAs expression in intracerebral hemorrhage mice. METHODS We employed the collagenase model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Twenty male C57BL/6 mice were used and randomly divided in normo- and hyperglycemic. The hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneally injection of 50% of Dextrose (8 mL/kg) 3 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage. The neurologic impairment was investigated by neurologic deficit scale. To study the specific mechanisms of hyperglycemia, microRNAs expression in perihematomal area was investigated by RNA sequencing. MicroRNAs expression in hyperglycemic intracerebral hemorrhage animals were compared normoglycemic mice. Functional annotation analysis was used to indicate potential pathological pathway, underlying observed effects. Finally, polymerase chain reaction validation was administered. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of dextrose significantly increased blood glucose level. That was associated with aggravation of neurological deficits in hyperglycemic compared to normoglycemic animals. A total of 73 differentially expressed microRNAs were identified via transcriptomics analysis. Bioinformatics analyses showed that these microRNAs were significantly altered in several signaling pathways, of which the hedgehog signaling pathway was regarded as the most potential pathway associated with the effect of hyperglycemia on acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Furthermore, polymerase chain reaction results validated the correlation between microRNAs and hedgehog signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA elevated in hyperglycemia group may be involved in worsening the neurological function via inhibiting the hedgehog signaling, which provides a novel molecular physiological mechanism and lays the foundation for treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Chalmers JA, Dalvi PS, Loganathan N, McIlwraith EK, Wellhauser L, Nazarians-Armavil A, Eversley JA, Mohan H, Stahel P, Dash S, Wheeler MB, Belsham DD. Hypothalamic miR-1983 Targets Insulin Receptor β and the Insulin-mediated miR-1983 Increase Is Blocked by Metformin. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6433013. [PMID: 34919671 PMCID: PMC8682955 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in the hypothalamus are capable of regulating energy balance and peripheral metabolism by inhibiting translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Hypothalamic insulin resistance is known to precede that in the periphery, thus a critical unanswered question is whether central insulin resistance creates a specific hypothalamic miRNA signature that can be identified and targeted. Here we show that miR-1983, a unique miRNA, is upregulated in vitro in 2 insulin-resistant immortalized hypothalamic neuronal neuropeptide Y-expressing models, and in vivo in hyperinsulinemic mice, with a concomitant decrease of insulin receptor β subunit protein, a target of miR-1983. Importantly, we demonstrate that miR-1983 is detectable in human blood serum and that its levels significantly correlate with blood insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Levels of miR-1983 are normalized with metformin exposure in mouse hypothalamic neuronal cell culture. Our findings provide evidence for miR-1983 as a unique biomarker of cellular insulin resistance, and a potential therapeutic target for prevention of human metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Chalmers
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Prasad S Dalvi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Current Affiliation: Prasad S. Dalvi is now at Morosky College of Health Professions and Sciences, Gannon University, Erie, Pennsylvania 16541, USA
| | - Neruja Loganathan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Emma K McIlwraith
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leigh Wellhauser
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Judith A Eversley
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Haneesha Mohan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Priska Stahel
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Satya Dash
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence: Denise D. Belsham, PhD, Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Bldg 3247A, 1 Kings College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Kong D, Duan Y, Wang J, Liu Y. A functional polymorphism of microRNA-143 is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the northern Chinese Han population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:994953. [PMID: 36213264 PMCID: PMC9538736 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.994953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association between two polymorphisms of microRNA-143 (miR-143) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the northern Chinese Han population. STUDY DESIGN This case-control study involved 326 patients with T2DM and 342 healthy controls. Two genetic variants (rs4705342 and rs353292) of miR-143 were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction/ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. The levels of miR-143 in the serum from 52 T2DM patients and 55 healthy subjects were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The CC genotype frequency of rs4705342 was significantly higher in the T2DM patients than in the healthy controls (P = 0.012). After adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index, the rs4705342 CC genotype was also related to a significantly increased risk of T2DM compared with the TT genotype (adjusted OR: 1.87; 95% CI = 1.09-3.19; P = 0.022). Stratified analyses demonstrated that T2DM patients with the rs4705342 CC genotype had significantly higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) than those carrying the rs4705342 TT genotype. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of miR-143 were significantly higher in the serum of cases than in the serum of controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the levels of miR-143 were significantly higher in the serum of T2DM patients carrying the rs4705342 CC genotype than in those carrying the TC and TT genotypes of rs4705342 (P = 0.005 and 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION The CC genotype of rs4705342 might be a risk factor for developing T2DM by increasing the expression of miRNA-143 in the northern Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexian Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya Duan
- Department of Obstetrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinli Wang
- Department of Infirmary, Hebei Public Security Police Vocational College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Yabin Liu,
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Bardhi E, McDaniels J, Rousselle T, Maluf DG, Mas VR. Nucleic acid biomarkers to assess graft injury after liver transplantation. JHEP REPORTS : INNOVATION IN HEPATOLOGY 2022; 4:100439. [PMID: 35243279 PMCID: PMC8856989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many risk factors and complications impact the success of liver transplantation, such as ischaemia-reperfusion injury, acute rejection, and primary graft dysfunction. Molecular biomarkers have the potential to accurately diagnose, predict, and monitor injury progression or organ failure. There is a critical opportunity for reliable and non-invasive biomarkers to reduce the organ shortage by enabling i) the assessment of donor organ quality, ii) the monitoring of short- and long-term graft function, and iii) the prediction of acute and chronic disease development. To date, no established molecular biomarkers have been used to guide clinical decision-making in transplantation. In this review, we outline the recent advances in cell-free nucleic acid biomarkers for monitoring graft injury in liver transplant recipients. Prior work in this area can be divided into two categories: biomarker discovery and validation studies. Circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) can be found in the extracellular environment pertaining to different biological fluids such as bile, blood, urine, and perfusate. CNAs that are packaged into extracellular vesicles may facilitate intercellular and interorgan communication. Thus, decoding their biological function, cellular origins and molecular composition is imperative for diagnosing causes of graft injury, guiding immunosuppression and improving overall patient survival. Herein, we discuss the most promising molecular biomarkers, their state of development, and the critical aspects of study design in biomarker research for early detection of post-transplant liver injury. Future advances in biomarker studies are expected to personalise post-transplant therapy, leading to improved patient care and outcomes.
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Yildiz MT, Tutar L, Giritlioğlu NI, Bayram B, Tutar Y. MicroRNAs and Heat Shock Proteins in Breast Cancer Biology. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2257:293-310. [PMID: 34432285 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1170-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has five major immune types; luminal A, luminal B, HER2, Basal-like, and normal-like. Cells produce a family of protein called heat shock proteins (Hsps) in response to exposure to thermal and other proteotoxic stresses play essential roles in cancer metabolism and this large family shows a diverse set of Hsp involvement in different breast cancer immune types. Recently, Hsp members categorized according to their immune type roles. Hsp family consists of several subtypes formed by molecular weight; Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp100, Hsp40, Hsp60, and small molecule Hsps. Cancer cells employ Hsps as survival factors since most of these proteins prevent apoptosis. Several studies monitored Hsp roles in breast cancer cells and reported Hsp27 involvement in drug resistance, Hsp70 in tumor cell transformation-progression, and interaction with p53. Furthermore, the association of Hsp90 with steroid receptors and signaling proteins in patients with breast cancer directed research to focus on Hsp-based treatments. miRNAs are known to play key roles in all types of cancer that are upregulated or downregulated in cancer which respectively referred to as oncogenes (oncomirs) or tumor suppressors. Expression profiles of miRNAs may be used to classify, diagnose, and predict different cancer types. It is clear that miRNAs play regulatory roles in gene expression and this work reveals miRNA correlation to Hsp depending on specific breast cancer immune types. Deregulation of specific Hsp genes in breast cancer subtypes allows for identification of new targets for drug design and cancer treatment. Here, we performed miRNA network analysis by recruiting Hsp genes detected in breast cancer subtypes and reviewed some of the miRNAs related to aforementioned Hsp genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Taha Yildiz
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lütfi Tutar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Irmak Giritlioğlu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Bayram
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Takahashi K, Jia H, Takahashi S, Kato H. Comprehensive miRNA and DNA Microarray Analyses Reveal the Response of Hepatic miR-203 and Its Target Gene to Protein Malnutrition in Rats. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010075. [PMID: 35052415 PMCID: PMC8774329 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate protein nutrition is essential for good health. Effects of protein malnutrition in animals have been widely studied at the mRNA level with the development of DNA microarray technology. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted attention for their function in regulating gene expression and have been studied in several disciplines, fewer studies have clarified the effects of protein malnutrition on miRNA alterations. The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between protein malnutrition and miRNAs. Six-week old Wistar male rats were fed a control diet (20% casein) or a low-protein diet (5% casein) for two weeks, and their livers were subjected to both DNA microarray and miRNA array analysis. miR-203 was downregulated and its putative target Hadhb (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase β subunit), known to regulate β-oxidation of fatty acids, was upregulated by the low-protein diet. In an in vitro experiment, miR-203 or its inhibitor were transfected in HepG2 cells, and the pattern of Hadhb expression was opposite to that of miR-203 expression. In addition, to clarifying the hepatic miRNA profile in response to protein malnutrition, these results showed that a low-protein diet increased Hadhb expression through downregulation of miR-203 and induced β-oxidation of fatty acids.
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Sakshi S, Jayasuriya R, Ganesan K, Xu B, Ramkumar KM. Role of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network in diabetes and its associated complications. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1291-1302. [PMID: 34853728 PMCID: PMC8609106 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The majority of the non-protein-coding RNAs are being identified with diversified functions that participate in cellular homeostasis. The circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as noncoding transcripts with a key role in the initiation and development of many physiological and pathological conditions. The advancements in high-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics tools help us to identify several circRNA regulatory pathways, one of which is microRNA (miRNA)-mediated regulation. Besides the direct influence over mRNA transcription, the circRNA can also control the target's expression via sponging miRNAs or the RNA-binding proteins. Studies have demonstrated the dysregulation of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including diabetes. This intricate mechanism is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. This review will focus on the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network that influences the gene expression in the progression of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukla Sakshi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Tamil Nadu, India
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Becker-Greene D, Li H, Perez-Cremades D, Wu W, Bestepe F, Ozdemir D, Niosi CE, Aydogan C, Orgill DP, Feinberg MW, Icli B. MiR-409-3p targets a MAP4K3-ZEB1-PLGF signaling axis and controls brown adipose tissue angiogenesis and insulin resistance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7663-7679. [PMID: 34698882 PMCID: PMC8655847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) within the microvasculature of brown adipose tissue (BAT) are important in regulating the plasticity of adipocytes in response to increased metabolic demand by modulating the angiogenic response. However, the mechanism of EC-adipocyte crosstalk during this process is not completely understood. We used RNA sequencing to profile microRNAs derived from BAT ECs of obese mice and identified an anti-angiogenic microRNA, miR-409-3p. MiR-409-3p overexpression inhibited EC angiogenic properties; whereas, its inhibition had the opposite effects. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-409-3p targets ZEB1 and MAP4K3. Knockdown of ZEB1/MAP4K3 phenocopied the angiogenic effects of miR-409-3p. Adipocytes co-cultured with conditioned media from ECs deficient in miR-409-3p showed increased expression of BAT markers, UCP1 and CIDEA. We identified a pro-angiogenic growth factor, placental growth factor (PLGF), released from ECs in response to miR-409-3p inhibition. Deficiency of ZEB1 or MAP4K3 blocked the release of PLGF from ECs and PLGF stimulation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased UCP1 expression in a miR-409-3p dependent manner. MiR-409-3p neutralization improved BAT angiogenesis, glucose and insulin tolerance, and energy expenditure in mice with diet-induced obesity. These findings establish miR-409-3p as a critical regulator of EC-BAT crosstalk by modulating a ZEB1-MAP4K3-PLGF signaling axis, providing new insights for therapeutic intervention in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota Becker-Greene
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Perez-Cremades
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Winona Wu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Furkan Bestepe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Denizhan Ozdemir
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carolyn E Niosi
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Ceren Aydogan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dennis P Orgill
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Basak Icli
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Louis Pasteur Avenue 77, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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Schönberg J, Borlak J. Reliable miRNA biomarker quantification in clinical practice - are we there yet? Anal Biochem 2021; 634:114431. [PMID: 34695390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Blood-borne miRNAs serve as disease diagnostic biomarkers and await clinical validation. Here, we evaluated Cel-miR-39-3p and miRNA16-5p as calibrator for the quantification of 15 miRNAs linked to hepatic impairment. We added defined copy numbers of Cel-miR-39-3p to plasma of healthy controls (N = 5) and patient samples undergoing liver resection (N = 51). The miRNAs were isolated according to SOPs and quantified by RT-qPCR using the 2-(ΔΔ-CT)-method. Although miRNA16-5p and the spike-in control behaved similar in qPCR assays (R2 = 0.8591) the spike-in control suffered from high inter-patient variability (median 7.6-fold) and low recoveries (median 5.6%, 95% CI 1.5-11.8%). Adding Cel-miR-39-3p to blood samples prior to RNA-isolation improved the recoveries (median 105.7%; 95% CI 29.9-219.9%), yet the inter-patient variability remained high (median 7.2-fold). Alike, we observed significant variability in CT-values for miRNA16-5p (range 14.7-fold) thus rendering this internal, blood-borne reference gene unacceptable as comparator. Specifically, 10 out of 15 diagnostic miRNAs failed the criteria R2 ≥ 0.8 even though we added a defined copy number of Cel-miR-39-3p. This suggests interference of the spike-in control with individual miRNAs in the assay. Our study highlights current limitations in the quantification of blood-borne miRNAs that is of particularly importance when used for disease diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Schönberg
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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126
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microRNAs in Human Adipose Tissue Physiology and Dysfunction. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123342. [PMID: 34943849 PMCID: PMC8699244 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a large amount of evidence on the role of microRNA (miRNA) in regulating adipose tissue physiology. Indeed, miRNAs control critical steps in adipocyte differentiation, proliferation and browning, as well as lipolysis, lipogenesis and adipokine secretion. Overnutrition leads to a significant change in the adipocyte miRNOME, resulting in adipose tissue dysfunction. Moreover, via secreted mediators, dysfunctional adipocytes may impair the function of other organs and tissues. However, given their potential to control cell and whole-body energy expenditure, miRNAs also represent critical therapeutic targets for treating obesity and related metabolic complications. This review attempts to integrate present concepts on the role miRNAs play in adipose tissue physiology and obesity-related dysfunction and data from pre-clinical and clinical studies on the diagnostic or therapeutic potential of miRNA in obesity and its related complications.
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Du L, Qi R, Wang J, Liu Z, Wu Z. Indole-3-Propionic Acid, a Functional Metabolite of Clostridium sporogenes, Promotes Muscle Tissue Development and Reduces Muscle Cell Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212435. [PMID: 34830317 PMCID: PMC8619491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium sporogenes (C. sporogenes), as a potential probiotic, metabolizes tryptophan and produces an anti-inflammatory metabolite, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA). Herein, we studied the effects of C. sporogenes and its bioactive metabolite, IPA, on skeletal muscle development and chronic inflammation in mice. In the in vivo study, the muscle tissues and serum samples of mice with C. sporogenes supplementation were used to analyze the effects of C. sporogenes on muscle metabolism; the IPA content was determined by metabonomics and ELISA. In an in vitro study, C2C12 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or LPS + IPA to verify the effect of IPA on muscle cell inflammation by transcriptome, and the involved mechanism was revealed by different functional assays. We observed that C. sporogenes colonization significantly increased the body weight and muscle weight gain, as well as the myogenic regulatory factors' (MRFs) expression. In addition, C. sporogenes significantly improved host IPA content and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the muscle tissue of mice. Subsequently, we confirmed that IPA promoted C2C12 cells' proliferation by activating MRF signaling. IPA also effectively protected against LPS-induced C2C12 cells inflammation by activating Pregnane X Receptor and restoring the inhibited miR-26a-2-3p expression. miR-26a-2-3p serves as a novel muscle inflammation regulatory factor that could directly bind to the 3'-UTR of IL-1β, a key initiator factor in inflammation. The results suggested that C. sporogenes with its functional metabolite IPA not only helps muscle growth development, but also protects against inflammation, partly by the IPA/ miR-26a-2-3p /IL-1β cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.)
| | - Renli Qi
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.)
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-23-4679–2097 (Z.L.); +86-10-6273–1003 (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-23-4679–2097 (Z.L.); +86-10-6273–1003 (Z.W.)
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Nettore IC, Franchini F, Palatucci G, Macchia PE, Ungaro P. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111716. [PMID: 34829943 PMCID: PMC8615468 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased over the last decades. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the possible association between the pandemics of obesity and some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), termed “obesogens”. These are a heterogeneous group of exogenous compounds that can interfere in the endocrine regulation of energy metabolism and adipose tissue structure. Oral intake, inhalation, and dermal absorption represent the major sources of human exposure to these EDCs. Recently, epigenetic changes such as the methylation of cytosine residues on DNA, post-translational modification of histones, and microRNA expression have been considered to act as an intermediary between deleterious effects of EDCs and obesity development in susceptible individuals. Specifically, EDCs exposure during early-life development can detrimentally affect individuals via inducing epigenetic modifications that can permanently change the epigenome in the germline, enabling changes to be transmitted to the next generations and predisposing them to a multitude of diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the epigenetic alterations putatively induced by chemical exposures and their ability to interfere with the control of energy metabolism and adipose tissue regulation, resulting in imbalances in the control of body weight, which can lead to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Fabiana Franchini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Palatucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR “G. Salvatore”, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-770-4795
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Wu H, Pula T, Tews D, Amri EZ, Debatin KM, Wabitsch M, Fischer-Posovszky P, Roos J. microRNA-27a-3p but Not -5p Is a Crucial Mediator of Human Adipogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113205. [PMID: 34831427 PMCID: PMC8625276 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, non-coding RNA molecules, play an important role in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, thereby influencing important cellular functions. In adipocytes, miRNAs show import regulatory features and are described to influence differentiation as well as metabolic, endocrine, and inflammatory functions. We previously identified miR-27a being upregulated under inflammatory conditions in human adipocytes and aimed to elucidate its function in adipocyte biology. Both strands of miR-27a, miR-27a-3p and -5p, were downregulated during the adipogenic differentiation of Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome (SGBS) cells, human multipotent adipose-derived stem cells (hMADS), and human primary adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs). Using miRNA-mimic transfection, we observed that miR-27a-3p is a crucial regulator of adipogenesis, while miR-27a-5p did not alter the differentiation capacity in SGBS cells. In silico screening predicted lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) as potential targets of miR-27a-3p. The downregulation of both genes was verified in vitro, and the interaction of miR-27-3p with target sites in the 3′ UTRs of both genes was confirmed via a miRNA-reporter-gene assay. Here, the knockdown of LPL did not interfere with adipogenic differentiation, while PPARγ knockdown decreased adipogenesis significantly, suggesting that miR-27-3p exerts its inhibitory effect on adipogenesis by repressing PPARγ. Taken together, we identified and validated a crucial role for miR-27a-3p in human adipogenesis played by targeting the essential adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ. Though we confirmed LPL as an additional target of miR-27a-3p, it does not appear to be involved in regulating human adipogenesis. Thereby, our findings call the conclusions drawn from previous studies, which identified LPL as a crucial regulator for murine and human adipogenesis, into question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.W.); (T.P.); (K.-M.D.); (P.F.-P.)
| | - Taner Pula
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.W.); (T.P.); (K.-M.D.); (P.F.-P.)
| | - Daniel Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (D.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Université Côte d’Azur, 06103 Nice, France;
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.W.); (T.P.); (K.-M.D.); (P.F.-P.)
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (D.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.W.); (T.P.); (K.-M.D.); (P.F.-P.)
| | - Julian Roos
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.W.); (T.P.); (K.-M.D.); (P.F.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-57255
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Lee H, Lee J. Anti-diabetic effect of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives in free fatty acid-induced HepG2 cells via miR-1271/IRS1/PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13993. [PMID: 34730253 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and increased hepatic glucose production. MicroRNAs (miRs) are considered regulators of glucose metabolism. This study evaluated anti-diabetic activity of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives and determined the involvement of miR-1271. Among the hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, gallic acid (GA) showed the best anti-diabetic activity. GA improved free fatty acid (FFA)-induced hepatic IR, increased glucose consumption, and decreased reactive oxygen species. GA inhibited the upregulation of miR-1271 induced by FFA and upregulated its targets such as p-IRS, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-FOXO1, accompanied by the regulation of glucose metabolism genes. The involvement of miR-1271 in the protective effect of GA against IR was further confirmed in the presence of miR-1271 mimic or miR-1271 inhibitor. Our results suggest that GA attenuates IR via the miR-1271/IRS/PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway and thus might be considered for the management of IR. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: MicroRNAs can regulate insulin resistance by affecting protein expressions involved in insulin signaling. Experimental data suggest that some phytochemicals regulate the expression of various microRNAs. However, it is not clear whether phenolic acids play any role in the hepatic insulin signaling pathway through the regulation of microRNA expression. This study assessed the anti-diabetic activity of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives through down-regulation of microRNA-1271 and its association with the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathways. This research will be able to offer basic information regarding a potential therapeutic strategy to control hepatic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Life, & Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Life, & Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Sasani N, Kazemi A, Rezaiyan M, Amiri-Ardekani E, Akhlaghi M, Babajafari S, Mazloomi SM. Effect of Artemisia extract on glycemic control: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14719. [PMID: 34390100 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Animal and human studies have indicated anti-diabetic effect of Asteraceae. The present study aimed to systematically review and analyse randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of Artemisia extract on glycemic status in patients with impaired glycemic control. METHODS Web of Science, Cochrane library, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched from the earliest possible date up to 7th October 2020. RESULTS Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Analysis showed that supplementation with Artemisia extract decreased homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.734, 95% CI: -1.236 to -0.232, P = .019) in comparison to placebo. However, reductions in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (-0.595, 95% CI: -1.566 to 0.376, P = .164), insulin (-0.322, 95% CI: -1.047 to 0.404, P = .286) and glycated haemoglobin (-0.106, 95% CI: -0.840 to 0.629, P = .678) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Supplementation with Artemisia extract may reduce HOMA-IR, but beneficial effects on other markers such as FBG requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Sasani
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezaiyan
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Huang PS, Liao CJ, Huang YH, Yeh CT, Chen CY, Tang HC, Chang CC, Lin KH. Functional and Clinical Significance of Dysregulated microRNAs in Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5361. [PMID: 34771525 PMCID: PMC8582514 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. This mainly reflects the lack of early diagnosis tools and effective treatment methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-transcribed RNAs, some of which play important regulatory roles in liver cancer. Here, we discuss microRNAs with key impacts on liver cancer, such as miR-122, miR-21, miR-214, and miR-199. These microRNAs participate in various physiological regulatory pathways of liver cancer cells, and their modulation can have non-negligible effects in the treatment of liver cancer. We discuss whether these microRNAs can be used for better clinical diagnosis and/or drug development. With the advent of novel technologies, fast, inexpensive, and non-invasive RNA-based biomarker research has become a new mainstream approach. However, the clinical application of microRNA-based markers has been limited by the high sequence similarity among them and the potential for off-target problems. Therefore, researchers particularly value microRNAs that are specific to or have special functions in liver cancer. These include miR-122, which is specifically expressed in the liver, and miR-34, which is necessary for the replication of the hepatitis C virus in liver cancer. Clinical treatment drugs have been developed based on miR-34 and miR-122 (MRX34 and Miravirsen, respectively), but their side effects have not yet been overcome. Future research is needed to address these weaknesses and establish a feasible microRNA-based treatment strategy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shuan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Liao
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Huang
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Chi Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Cheng-Chih Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chia-yi, Chia-yi 613, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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133
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Insulin Resistance and Cancer: In Search for a Causal Link. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011137. [PMID: 34681797 PMCID: PMC8540232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition which refers to individuals whose cells and tissues become insensitive to the peptide hormone, insulin. Over the recent years, a wealth of data has made it clear that a synergistic relationship exists between IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Although the underlying mechanism(s) for this association remain unclear, it is well established that hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of IR, may play a role in tumorigenesis. On the other hand, IR is strongly associated with visceral adiposity dysfunction and systemic inflammation, two conditions which favor the establishment of a pro-tumorigenic environment. Similarly, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, in IR states, have been often associated with tumorigenesis in numerous types of human cancer. In addition to these observations, it is also broadly accepted that gut microbiota may play an intriguing role in the development of IR-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cancer, whereas potential chemopreventive properties have been attributed to some of the most commonly used antidiabetic medications. Herein we provide a concise overview of the most recent literature in this field and discuss how different but interrelated molecular pathways may impact on tumor development.
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134
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Ghosh S, Mahalanobish S, Sil PC. Diabetes: discovery of insulin, genetic, epigenetic and viral infection mediated regulation. THE NUCLEUS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CYTOLOGY AND ALLIED TOPICS 2021; 65:283-297. [PMID: 34629548 PMCID: PMC8491600 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a combination of many metabolic diseases. Insulin deficiency in our body is the main cause of diabetes. Insulin is one of the most well studied proteins, yet the genesis of its discovery was not getting much attention so far. Nevertheless, the history of the discovery of insulin is an exemplary of solving observational and scientific riddles, drudgery, patience and even professional turmoil. It is an inspiration for all medical personnel and scientists who are practising in the field of molecular medicine. Additionally, the genetic and epigenetic regulation of different types of diabetes needs to be addressed because of the widespread nature of the disease. Diabetes not only involves genetic predisposition but environmental factors, lifestyle etc. can be the major contributor for its inception. Nonetheless, viral infections at an early age are also found to trigger the onset of type I diabetes. In this review article, the history of the discovery of insulin is detailed along with the justification for the genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of diabetes and explained how viral infections can also trigger the onset of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| | - Sushweta Mahalanobish
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| | - Parames C. Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
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135
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Saravanan P, Sukumar N, Adaikalakoteswari A, Goljan I, Venkataraman H, Gopinath A, Bagias C, Yajnik CS, Stallard N, Ghebremichael-Weldeselassie Y, Fall CHD. Association of maternal vitamin B 12 and folate levels in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes: a prospective UK cohort study (PRiDE study). Diabetologia 2021; 64:2170-2182. [PMID: 34296321 PMCID: PMC8423653 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide in all ethnic groups. Low vitamin B12 and low/high folate levels may contribute to GDM risk, but there is conflicting evidence. Our aim is to assess the relationships of early pregnancy vitamin B12 and folate levels with the risk of GDM status at 26-28 weeks of gestation. METHODS This was a prospective, multi-centre, multi-ethnic cohort study (n = 4746) in the UK. Participants who were eligible to be selectively screened as per the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) criteria were included in the study. RESULTS GDM prevalence was 12.5% by NICE and 14.7% by International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. Folate deficiency (1.3%) was rare but B12 insufficiency (42.3% at <220 pmol/l) and folate excess (36.5%) were common in early pregnancy. Early pregnancy median B12 levels were lower, and folate levels higher, in women who were diagnosed with GDM at 26-28 weeks. B12 was negatively associated with fasting plasma glucose (1 SD: -0.06 mmol/l; 95% CI -0.04, -0.08; p < 0.0001) and 2 h plasma glucose levels (-0.07 mmol/l; 95% CI -0.02, -0.12; p = 0.004). Higher B12 was associated with 14.4% lower RR of IADPSG-GDM (0.856; 95% CI 0.786, 0.933; p = 0.0004) after adjusting for key confounders (age, parity, smoking status, ethnicity, family history, household income and folate status). Approximately half of this association was mediated through BMI. Folate was positively associated with 2 h plasma glucose levels (0.08 mmol/l; 95% CI 0.04, 0.13; p = 0.0005) but its relationship with fasting plasma glucose was U-shaped (quadratic β: 0.011; p = 0.05). Higher folate was associated with 11% higher RR of IADPSG-GDM (adjusted RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.036, 1.182; p = 0.002) (age, parity, smoking status, ethnicity, family history, household income and B12 status). Although no interactions were observed for B12 and folate (as continuous variables) with glucose levels and GDM risk, a low B12-high folate combination was associated with higher blood glucose level and risk of IADPSG-GDM (adjusted RR 1.742; 95% CI 1.226, 2.437; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION B12 insufficiency and folate excess were common in early pregnancy. Low B12 and high folate levels in early pregnancy were associated with small but statistically significant changes in maternal blood glucose level and higher RR of GDM. Our findings warrant additional studies on the role of unmetabolised folic acid in glucose metabolism and investigating the effect of optimising early pregnancy or pre-conception B12 and folate levels on subsequent hyperglycaemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03008824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnusamy Saravanan
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK.
- Academic Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, UK.
| | - Nithya Sukumar
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Academic Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, UK
| | - Antonysunil Adaikalakoteswari
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ilona Goljan
- Academic Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, UK
- Novo Nordisk Ltd, Gatwick, UK
| | - Hema Venkataraman
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Heartlands Hospital, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amitha Gopinath
- Academic Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, UK
| | - Christos Bagias
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Nigel Stallard
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Yonas Ghebremichael-Weldeselassie
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Warwick, Coventry, UK
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Caroline H D Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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136
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Nilsson E, Vavakova M, Perfilyev A, Säll J, Jansson PA, Poulsen P, Esguerra JLS, Eliasson L, Vaag A, Göransson O, Ling C. Differential DNA Methylation and Expression of miRNAs in Adipose Tissue From Twin Pairs Discordant for Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:2402-2418. [PMID: 34315727 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide, but current treatments have limitations. miRNAs may play a key role in the development of T2D and can be targets for novel therapies. Here, we examined whether T2D is associated with altered expression and DNA methylation of miRNAs using adipose tissue from 14 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for T2D. Four members each of the miR-30 and let-7-families were downregulated in adipose tissue of subjects with T2D versus control subjects, which was confirmed in an independent T2D case-control cohort. Further, DNA methylation of five CpG sites annotated to gene promoters of differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-30a and let-7a-3, was increased in T2D versus control subjects. Luciferase experiments showed that increased DNA methylation of the miR-30a promoter reduced its transcription in vitro. Silencing of miR-30 in adipocytes resulted in reduced glucose uptake and TBC1D4 phosphorylation; downregulation of genes involved in demethylation and carbohydrate/lipid/amino acid metabolism; and upregulation of immune system genes. In conclusion, T2D is associated with differential DNA methylation and expression of miRNAs in adipose tissue. Downregulation of the miR-30 family may lead to reduced glucose uptake and altered expression of key genes associated with T2D.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3-L1 Cells
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Aged
- Animals
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Cohort Studies
- DNA Methylation
- Denmark
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diseases in Twins/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/pathology
- Gigantism/genetics
- Gigantism/pathology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics
- Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- Intellectual Disability/genetics
- Intellectual Disability/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Sweden
- Twins, Monozygotic/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nilsson
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Vavakova
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Perfilyev
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johanna Säll
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Jansson
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Jonathan Lou S Esguerra
- Islet Cell Exocytosis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Islet Cell Exocytosis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Allan Vaag
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Olga Göransson
- Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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137
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Bazrgar M, Khodabakhsh P, Prudencio M, Mohagheghi F, Ahmadiani A. The role of microRNA-34 family in Alzheimer's disease: A potential molecular link between neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105805. [PMID: 34371173 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that overexpression of the microRNA-34 (miR-34) family in the brain may play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis by targeting and downregulating genes associated with neuronal survival, synapse formation and plasticity, Aβ clearance, mitochondrial function, antioxidant defense system, and energy metabolism. Additionally, elevated levels of the miR-34 family in the liver and pancreas promote the development of metabolic syndromes (MetS), such as diabetes and obesity. Importantly, MetS represent a well-documented risk factor for sporadic AD. This review focuses on the recent findings regarding the role of the miR-34 family in the pathogenesis of AD and MetS, and proposes miR-34 as a potential molecular link between both disorders. A comprehensive understanding of the functional roles of miR-34 family in the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of AD brains may lead to the discovery of a breakthrough treatment strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bazrgar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Khodabakhsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Mohagheghi
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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138
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Bhattarai A, Likos EM, Weyman CM, Shukla GC. Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid metabolism: A microRNA management perspective. Steroids 2021; 173:108878. [PMID: 34174291 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular disruption of lipid and cholesterol metabolism results in pathological processes linked to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Classically, at the transcription stages, the Cholesterol levels are controlled by two cellular pathways. First, the SREBP transcription factor family controls Cholesterol biosynthesis via transcriptional regulation of critical rate-limiting cholesterogenic and lipogenic proteins. Secondly, The LXR/RXR transcription factor family controls cholesterol shuttling via transcriptional regulation of cholesterol transport proteins. In addition, the posttranscriptional control of gene expression of various enzymes and proteins of cholesterol biosynthesis pathways is mediated by small non-coding microRNAs. Regulatory noncoding miRNAs are critical regulators of biological processes, including developmental and metabolic functions. miRNAs function to fine-tune lipid and cholesterol metabolism pathways by controlling the mRNA levels and translation of critical molecules in each pathway. This review discusses the regulatory roles of miRNAs in cholesterol and lipid metabolism via direct and indirect effects on their target genes, including SREBP, LXR, HDL, LDL, and ABCA transporters. We also discuss the therapeutic implications of miRNA functions and their purported role in the potentiation of small molecule therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Bhattarai
- Center for Gene Regulation, Department of Biological, Geo and EVS Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
| | - Eviania M Likos
- Center for Gene Regulation, Department of Biological, Geo and EVS Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
| | - Crystal M Weyman
- Center for Gene Regulation, Department of Biological, Geo and EVS Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
| | - Girish C Shukla
- Center for Gene Regulation, Department of Biological, Geo and EVS Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
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139
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Sun L, Wan A, Zhou Z, Chen D, Liang H, Liu C, Yan S, Niu Y, Lin Z, Zhan S, Wang S, Bu X, He W, Lu X, Xu A, Wan G. RNA-binding protein RALY reprogrammes mitochondrial metabolism via mediating miRNA processing in colorectal cancer. Gut 2021; 70:1698-1712. [PMID: 33219048 PMCID: PMC8355885 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysregulated cellular metabolism is a distinct hallmark of human colorectal cancer (CRC). However, metabolic programme rewiring during tumour progression has yet to be fully understood. DESIGN We analysed altered gene signatures during colorectal tumour progression, and used a complex of molecular and metabolic assays to study the regulation of metabolism in CRC cell lines, human patient-derived xenograft mouse models and tumour organoid models. RESULTS We identified a novel RNA-binding protein, RALY (also known as hnRNPCL2), that is highly associated with colorectal tumour aggressiveness. RALY acts as a key regulatory component in the Drosha complex, and promotes the post-transcriptional processing of a specific subset of miRNAs (miR-483, miR-676 and miR-877). These miRNAs systematically downregulate the expression of the metabolism-associated genes (ATP5I, ATP5G1, ATP5G3 and CYC1) and thereby reprogramme mitochondrial metabolism in the cancer cell. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) reveals that increased levels of RALY are associated with poor prognosis in the patients with CRC expressing low levels of mitochondrion-associated genes. Mechanistically, induced processing of these miRNAs is facilitated by their N6-methyladenosine switch under reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. Inhibition of the m6A methylation abolishes the RALY recognition of the terminal loop of the pri-miRNAs. Knockdown of RALY inhibits colorectal tumour growth and progression in vivo and in organoid models. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results reveal a critical metabolism-centric role of RALY in tumour progression, which may lead to cancer therapeutics targeting RALY for treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Arabella Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuolong Zhou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dongshi Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heng Liang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuwei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijia Yan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Niu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyou Lin
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyue Zhan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanfeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhang Bu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA .,Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anlong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China .,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Wan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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140
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Santos D, Carvalho E. Adipose-related microRNAs as modulators of the cardiovascular system: the role of epicardial adipose tissue. J Physiol 2021; 600:1171-1187. [PMID: 34455587 DOI: 10.1113/jp280917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue expansion and subsequent metabolic dysfunction has been considered one of the major risk factors for development of cardiometabolic disease. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in particular is a unique subtype of visceral adipose tissue located on the surface of the heart, around the coronary arteries. Due to its proximity, EAT can modulate the local metabolic and immune function of cardiomyocytes and coronary arteries. Several microRNAs have been described as key players in both cardiac and vascular function that when dysregulated will contribute to dysfunction. Here we review the influence of obesity in the crosstalk between specific adipose tissue types, in particular the EAT-secreted microRNAs, as key modulators of cardiac disease progression, not only as early biomarkers but also as therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Santos
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association (APDP), Lisbon, Portugal
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141
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Li T, Zhu L, Zhu L, Wang P, Xu W, Huang J. Recent Developments in Delivery of MicroRNAs Utilizing Nanosystems for Metabolic Syndrome Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157855. [PMID: 34360621 PMCID: PMC8346175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of complex, chronic inflammatory conditions that are characterized by central obesity and associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become an important type of endocrine factors, which play crucial roles in maintaining energy balance and metabolic homeostasis. However, its unfavorable properties such as easy degradation in blood and off-target effect are still a barrier for clinical application. Nanosystem based delivery possess strong protection, high bioavailability and control release rate, which is beneficial for success of gene therapy. This review first describes the current progress and advances on miRNAs associated with MetS, then provides a summary of the therapeutic potential and targets of miRNAs in metabolic organs. Next, it discusses recent advances in the functionalized development of classic delivery systems (exosomes, liposomes and polymers), including their structures, properties, functions and applications. Furthermore, this work briefly discusses the intelligent strategies used in emerging novel delivery systems (selenium nanoparticles, DNA origami, microneedles and magnetosomes). Finally, challenges and future directions in this field are discussed provide a comprehensive overview of the future development of targeted miRNAs delivery for MetS treatment. With these contributions, it is expected to address and accelerate the development of effective NA delivery systems for the treatment of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liye Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
| | - Longjiao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.L.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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142
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Hutch CR, Stelmak D, Kanke M, Koch-Laskowski K, Cummings B, Griffin C, Leix K, Sethupathy P, Singer K, Sandoval DA. Diet-dependent sex differences in the response to vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E11-E23. [PMID: 33998293 PMCID: PMC8321822 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00060.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 80% of patients that receive bariatric surgery are women, yet mechanistic preclinical studies have focused on males. The goal of this study was to determine the metabolic impact of diet- and surgery-induced weight loss in males, females, and ovariectomized females. All mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) before undergoing either vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) or sham surgery. Mice either remained on an HFD or were switched to a standard chow diet postsurgically. When maintained on an HFD, males and females decreased fat mass and improved oral glucose tolerance after VSG. After dietary intervention, additional adiposity was lost in both surgical groups. Ovariectomized females showed a blunted decrease in fat mass on an HFD, but lost significant adiposity after dietary intervention. Energy expenditure was impacted by dietary and not surgical intervention across all groups. Males decreased hepatic triglyceride levels after VSG, which was further decreased after dietary intervention. Intact and ovariectomized females had a blunted decrease in hepatic triglycerides after VSG, but a significant decrease after dietary intervention. The more pronounced effect of VSG on hepatic lipids in males is strongly associated with changes in hepatic expression of genes and microRNAs previously linked to hepatic lipid regulation and systemic energy homeostasis. These data highlight the importance of postsurgical diet on metabolic outcomes across sexes. Furthermore, these data suggest the impact of VSG on hepatic triglycerides is diet-dependent in females and support the hypothesis that males and females achieve similar metabolic outcome, at least within the liver, via distinct mechanisms.NEW & NOTEWORTHY These data highlight the interaction of postsurgical diet after bariatric surgery on metabolic outcomes across sexes. These data suggest the impact of VSG on hepatic triglycerides is diet-dependent in females and support the hypothesis that males and females achieve similar metabolic outcome, at least within the liver, via distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea R Hutch
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daria Stelmak
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kieran Koch-Laskowski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Bethany Cummings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Cameron Griffin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kyle Leix
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kanakadurga Singer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Darleen A Sandoval
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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143
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Da Silva FC, Rode MP, Vietta GG, Iop RDR, Creczynski-Pasa TB, Martin AS, Da Silva R. Expression levels of specific microRNAs are increased after exercise and are associated with cognitive improvement in Parkinson's disease. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:618. [PMID: 34184078 PMCID: PMC8258464 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a consensus regarding the efficacy of physical exercise in maintaining or improving human health; however, there are few studies examining the effect of physical exercise on the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNA/miRs) in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an interval training program on a cycle ergometer on the expression levels of miR‑106a‑5p, miR‑103a‑3p and miR‑29a‑3p in serum samples from men with PD. This was a quasi‑experimental study with pre‑ and post‑testing and with a non‑equivalent group design. The participants were selected based on the eligibility criteria and subsequently classified into two groups: Experimental group and control group. The evaluations were performed at the beginning of the study (week 0) and after 8 weeks of the intervention program (week 9). The interval training program was performed on a cycle ergometer for 30 min, three times a week during an 8‑week period. The expression levels of miR‑106a‑5p, miR‑103a‑3p and miR‑29a‑3p in the experimental group were increased after physical exercise and were associated with cognitive improvement in men with PD. However, further studies are required to clarify the potential use of these circulating miRNAs as markers of adaptation to physical exercise. Collectively, the present results indicated that these three miRNAs may be associated with the exercise response and cognitive improvement in men with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Cascaes Da Silva
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Michele Patrícia Rode
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88010‑970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Grunewald Vietta
- Nucleus of Epidemiology, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina 88137‑270, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Da Rosa Iop
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Tânia Beatriz Creczynski-Pasa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88010‑970, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Swarowsky Martin
- Center for Health and Sport Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Rudney Da Silva
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Xiao B, Tang N, Hu J, Liang S, Pang Y, Xu H, Ao J, Yang J, Liang X, Wei L, Wang Y, Luo X. MiR-103a promotes tumour growth and influences glucose metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:618. [PMID: 34131101 PMCID: PMC8206076 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and high-mortality cancer worldwide. Numerous microRNAs have crucial roles in the progression of different cancers. However, identifying the important microRNAs and the target biological function of the microRNA in HCC progression is difficult. In this study, we selected highly expressed microRNAs with different read counts as candidate microRNAs and then tested whether the microRNAs were differentially expressed in HCC tumour tissues, and we found that their expression was related to the HCC prognosis. Then, we investigated the effects of microRNAs on the cell growth and mobility of HCC using a real-time cell analyser (RTCA), colony formation assay and subcutaneous xenograft models. We further used deep-sequencing technology and bioinformatic analyses to evaluate the main functions of the microRNAs. We found that miR-103a was one of the most highly expressed microRNAs in HCC tissues and that it was upregulated in HCC tissue compared with the controls. In addition, high miR-103a expression was associated with poor patient prognosis, and its overexpression promoted HCC cell growth and mobility. A functional enrichment analysis showed that miR-103a mainly promoted glucose metabolism and inhibited cell death. We validated this analysis, and the data showed that miR-103a promoted glucose metabolism-likely function and directly inhibited cell death via ATP11A and EIF5. Therefore, our study revealed that miR-103a may act as a key mediator in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhou Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Xiao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Tang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingying Hu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunshun Liang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yechun Pang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huili Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junping Ao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wei
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- grid.507037.6Department of General Surgery, Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
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Fodor A, Lazar AL, Buchman C, Tiperciuc B, Orasan OH, Cozma A. MicroRNAs: The Link between the Metabolic Syndrome and Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126337. [PMID: 34199293 PMCID: PMC8231835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of a plethora of conditions, in particular type two diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancers. MetS is a complex entity characterized by a chronic inflammatory state that implies dysregulations of adipokins and proinflammatory cytokins together with hormonal and growth factors imbalances. Of great interest is the implication of microRNA (miRNA, miR), non-coding RNA, in cancer genesis, progression, and metastasis. The adipose tissue serves as an important source of miRs, which represent a novel class of adipokines, that play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Altered miRs secretion in the adipose tissue, in the context of MetS, might explain their implication in the oncogenesis. The interplay between miRs expressed in adipose tissue, their dysregulation and cancer pathogenesis are still intriguing, taking into consideration the fact that miRNAs show both carcinogenic and tumor suppressor effects. The aim of our review was to discuss the latest publications concerning the implication of miRs dysregulation in MetS and their significance in tumoral signaling pathways. Furthermore, we emphasized the role of miRNAs as potential target therapies and their implication in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrtion, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrada Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristina Buchman
- Department of Oncology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Brandusa Tiperciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
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Pirfenidone modifies hepatic miRNAs expression in a model of MAFLD/NASH. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11709. [PMID: 34083664 PMCID: PMC8175718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are involved in the development of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We aimed to evaluate modifications by prolonged-release pirfenidone (PR-PFD) on key hepatic miRNAs expression in a MAFLD/NASH model. First, male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into groups and fed with conventional diet (CVD) or high fat and carbohydrate diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. At the end of the eighth week, HFD mice were divided in two and only one half was treated with 300 mg/kg/day of PR-PFD mixed with food. Hepatic expression of miRNAs and target genes that participate in inflammation and lipid metabolism was determined by qRT-PCR and transcriptome by microarrays. Increased hepatic expression of miR-21a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-122-5p and miR-103-3p in MAFLD/NASH animals was reduced with PR-PFD. Transcriptome analysis showed that 52 genes involved in lipid and collagen biosynthesis and inflammatory response were downregulated in PR-PFD group. The expression of Il1b, Tnfa, Il6, Tgfb1, Col1a1, and Srebf1 were decreased in PR-PFD treated animals. MAFLD/NASH animals compared to CVD group showed modifications in gene metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolic process, inflammatory response and insulin resistance; PR-PFD reversed these modifications.
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147
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MicroRNA-mediated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:425-438. [PMID: 33772227 PMCID: PMC8853826 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In animals, systemic control of metabolism is conducted by metabolic tissues and relies on the regulated circulation of a plethora of molecules, such as hormones and lipoprotein complexes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of post-transcriptional gene repressors that are present throughout the animal kingdom and have been widely associated with the regulation of gene expression in various contexts, including virtually all aspects of systemic control of metabolism. Here we focus on glucose and lipid metabolism and review current knowledge of the role of miRNAs in their systemic regulation. We survey miRNA-mediated regulation of healthy metabolism as well as the contribution of miRNAs to metabolic dysfunction in disease, particularly diabetes, obesity and liver disease. Although most miRNAs act on the tissue they are produced in, it is now well established that miRNAs can also circulate in bodily fluids, including their intercellular transport by extracellular vesicles, and we discuss the role of such extracellular miRNAs in systemic metabolic control and as potential biomarkers of metabolic status and metabolic disease.
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148
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Li W, Wu L, Sun Q, Yang Q, Xue J, Shi M, Tang H, Zhang J, Liu Q. MicroRNA-191 blocking the translocation of GLUT4 is involved in arsenite-induced hepatic insulin resistance through inhibiting the IRS1/AKT pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112130. [PMID: 33743404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic can cause a variety of health problems. Epidemiological and experimental studies have established a diabetogenic role for arsenic, but the mechanisms responsible for arsenic-induced impairment of insulin action are unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in various metabolic disorders, particularly in the development of insulin resistance. The present study investigated whether arsenite, an active form of arsenic, induces hepatic insulin resistance and the mechanisms underlying it. After male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to arsenite (0 or 20 ppm) in drinking water for 12 months, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTTs) and insulin tolerance tests (ITTs) revealed an arsenite-induced glucose metabolism disorder. Hepatic glycogen levels were lower in arsenite-exposed mice. Further, for livers of mice exposed to arsenite, miR-191 levels were higher, and protein levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), p-IRS1, and phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT) were lower. Further, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) had lower levels on the plasma membrane. For insulin-treated L-02 cells, arsenite decreased glucose consumption and glycogen levels, increased miR-191 levels, and inhibited the IRS1/AKT pathway and the translocation of GLUT4 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. For insulin-treated L-02 cells, the decreases of glucose consumption, glycogen levels, GLUT4 on the plasma membrane, and p-AKT levels induced by arsenite were reversed by SC79 (agonist of AKT) and an miR-191 inhibitor; these effects caused by miR-191 inhibitor were restored by IRS1 siRNA. In insulin-treated L-02 cells, miR-191, via IRS1, was involved in the arsenite-induced decreases of glucose consumption and glycogen levels and in inhibition of the translocation of GLUT4. Thus, miR-191 blocking the translocation of GLUT4 was involved in arsenite-induced hepatic insulin resistance through inhibiting the IRS1/AKT pathway. Our study reveals a mechanism for arsenite-induced hepatic insulin resistance, which provides clues for discovering biomarkers for the development of type 2 diabetes and for prevention and treatment of arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Li
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Sun
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianlei Yang
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Xue
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Shi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Paul S, Bravo Vázquez LA, Uribe SP, Manzanero Cárdenas LA, Ruíz Aguilar MF, Chakraborty S, Sharma A. Roles of microRNAs in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders and their therapeutic potential. Biochimie 2021; 187:83-93. [PMID: 34082043 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (∼21 nucleotides), endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules implicated in the post-transcriptional gene regulation performed through target mRNA cleavage or translational inhibition. In recent years, several investigations have demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in regulating both carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis in humans and other organisms. Moreover, it has been observed that the dysregulation of these metabolism-related miRNAs leads to the development of several metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. Hence, in this current review, with the aim to impulse the research arena of the micro-transcriptome implications in vital metabolic pathways as well as to highlight the remarkable potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders in humans, we provide an overview of the regulatory roles of metabolism-associated miRNAs in humans and murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, CP 76130, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Luis Alberto Bravo Vázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, CP 76130, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Samantha Pérez Uribe
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, CP 76130, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Luis Aarón Manzanero Cárdenas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Ciudad de Mexico, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14380, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Ruíz Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Ciudad de Mexico, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14380, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, CP 76130, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Batabyal R, Freishtat N, Hill E, Rehman M, Freishtat R, Koutroulis I. Metabolic dysfunction and immunometabolism in COVID-19 pathophysiology and therapeutics. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1163-1169. [PMID: 33727631 PMCID: PMC7961323 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a public health crisis and has placed a significant burden on healthcare systems. Patients with underlying metabolic dysfunction, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, are at a higher risk for COVID-19 complications, including multi-organ dysfunction, secondary to a deranged immune response, and cellular energy deprivation. These patients are at a baseline state of chronic inflammation associated with increased susceptibility to the severe immune manifestations of COVID-19, which are triggered by the cellular hypoxic environment and cytokine storm. The altered metabolic profile and energy generation of immune cells affect their activation, exacerbating the imbalanced immune response. Key immunometabolic interactions may inform the development of an efficacious treatment for COVID-19. Novel therapeutic approaches with repurposed drugs, such as PPAR agonists, or newly developed molecules such as the antagomirs, which block microRNA function, have shown promising results. Those treatments, alone or in combination, target both immune and metabolic pathways and are ideal for septic COVID-19 patients with an underlying metabolic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Batabyal
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nathaniel Freishtat
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elaise Hill
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Muhammad Rehman
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert Freishtat
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ioannis Koutroulis
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
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