101
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Tao H, Li L, Gao Y, Wang Z, Zhong XP. Differential Control of iNKT Cell Effector Lineage Differentiation by the Forkhead Box Protein O1 (Foxo1) Transcription Factor. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2710. [PMID: 31824499 PMCID: PMC6881238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The invariant NKT (iNKT) cells recognize glycolipid antigens presented by the non-classical MHC like molecule CD1d. They represent an innate T-cell lineage with the ability to rapidly produce a variety of cytokines in response to agonist stimulation to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. In thymus, most iNKT cells complete their maturation and differentiate to multiple effector lineages such as iNKT-1, iNKT-2, and iNKT-17 cells that possess the capability to produce IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17A, respectively, and play distinct roles in immune responses and diseases. Mechanisms that control iNKT lineage fate decisions are still not well understood. Evidence has revealed critical roles of Foxo1 of the forkhead box O1 subfamily of transcription factors in the immune system. However, its role in iNKT cells has been unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that deletion of Foxo1 causes severe decreases of iNKT cell total numbers due to impairment of late but not early iNKT cell development. Deficiency of Foxo1 results in decreases of iNKT-1 but increases of iNKT-17 cells. Our data reveal that Foxo1 controls iNKT effector lineage fate decision by promoting iNKT-1 but suppressing iNKT-17 lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Tao
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,The Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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102
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Flip the coin: IL-7 and IL-7R in health and disease. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1584-1593. [PMID: 31745336 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine IL-7 and its receptor, IL-7R, are critical for T cell and, in the mouse, B cell development, as well as differentiation and survival of naive T cells, and generation and maintenance of memory T cells. They are also required for innate lymphoid cell (ILC) development and maintenance, and consequently for generation of lymphoid structures and barrier defense. Here we discuss the central role of IL-7 and IL-7R in the lymphoid system and highlight the impact of their deregulation, placing a particular emphasis on their 'dark side' as promoters of cancer development. We also explore therapeutic implications and opportunities associated with either positive or negative modulation of the IL-7-IL-7R signaling axis.
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103
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Güler A, Lopez Venegas M, Adankwah E, Mayatepek E, Nausch N, Jacobsen M. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 is crucial for interleukin-7 receptor re-expression after T-cell activation and interleukin-7 dependent proliferation. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:234-244. [PMID: 31621896 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
SOCS3 is a crucial feedback inhibitor of several cytokine pathways with potential regulatory functions during T cell receptor activation. A role of SOCS3 in IL-7-dependent homeostatic mechanisms has been assumed but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the role of SOCS3 in IL-7 receptor α-chain (IL-7Rα) expression and IL-7 effects on activated human CD4+ T cells. SOCS3 expression modulation by lentiviral transduction combined with T cell phenotyping, receptor signalling analysis, and a novel competitive in vitro assay were applied. Time course analyses following T-cell activation showed IL-7Rα re-expression after initial down-regulation that was accompanied by increased SOCS3 expression starting on day 2. T cells with low SOCS3 expression (SOCS3kd ) had decreased IL-7Rα levels due to impaired re-expression. SOCS3 mediated effects on IL-7Rα were not affected by recombinant IL-7 or blocking of IL-2. We found no evidence for SOCS3 effects on IL7RA transcriptional regulation. Functionally, SOCS3kd T cells showed decreased IL-7-dependent proliferation as compared to vector control T cells under competitive in vitro conditions. This impaired IL-7 response of SOCS3kd T cells was accompanied by decreased STAT5 phosphorylation late during IL-7 signalling. We identified a novel SOCS3 function in IL-7Rα regulation during T-cell activation with crucial implications for IL-7-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alptekin Güler
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Lopez Venegas
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ernest Adankwah
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Norman Nausch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Jacobsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
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104
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Active Maintenance of T Cell Memory in Acute and Chronic Viral Infection Depends on Continuous Expression of FOXO1. Cell Rep 2019; 22:3454-3467. [PMID: 29590615 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity following an acutely resolved infection or the long-term equipoise of chronic viral infections often depends on the maintenance of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, yet the ongoing transcriptional requirements of these cells remain unclear. We show that active and continuous programming by FOXO1 is required for the functional maintenance of a memory population. Upon Foxo1 deletion following resolution of an infection, memory cells rapidly lost their characteristic gene expression, gradually declined in number, and were impaired in self-renewal. This was extended to chronic infections, as a loss of FOXO1 during a persistent viral infection led to a rapid decline of the TCF7 (a.k.a. TCF1)-expressing memory-like subset of CD8+ T cells. We further establish FOXO1 regulation as a characteristic of human memory CD8+ T cells. Overall, we show that the molecular and functional longevity of a memory T cell population is actively maintained by the transcription factor FOXO1.
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105
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Li Z, Zhang N, Hui F, Zahid D, Zheng W, Xu X, Li W. FoxO1 controls the expansion of pre-B cells by regulating the expression of interleukin 7 receptor α chain and its signal pathway. Immunol Lett 2019; 216:28-35. [PMID: 31545960 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) has a crucial role in the early B cell development. To understand the functional importance of FoxO1 gene in the early B cell expansion, we established a FoxO1 knockdown model using 70Z/3 pre-B cell line. The FoxO1 knockdown 70Z/3 cells (70Z/3-KD cells) showed the down-regulated expression of interleukin 7 receptor α chain (IL-7Rα). Moreover, the signaling via IL-7Rα was significantly attenuated in the 70Z/3-KD cells, and this alteration was fully rescued by re-expression of FoxO1 gene. Compared to the mock cells, loss of FoxO1 reduced the growth rates in the 70Z/3-KD cells, and was fully rescued by reintroduction of FoxO1 gene. The expansion of pre-B cells (CD45R+CD43- fraction) was also reduced by the knockdown of FoxO1 gene. Indeed, FoxO1 induces accumulation in the p27-mediated G0/G1 phase arrest in 70Z/3 cells. FoxO1 bound to the Il7ra locus specifically and regulate the IL-7Rα transcription. In conclusion, FoxO1 regulates the expansion of pre-B cells by regulating the expression of IL-7Rα and its signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, 826-Xinan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian city, Liaoning 116003, China.
| | - Nianzhu Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9-Western Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Fang Hui
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9-Western Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Danish Zahid
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9-Western Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, 826-Xinan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian city, Liaoning 116003, China
| | - Xuezhu Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9-Western Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
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106
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Forkhead box transcription factors as context-dependent regulators of lymphocyte homeostasis. Nat Rev Immunol 2019; 18:703-715. [PMID: 30177790 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes have evolved to react rapidly and robustly to changes in their local environment by using transient adaptations and by regulating their terminal differentiation programmes. Forkhead box transcription factors (FTFs) can direct leukocyte-specific responses, and their functional diversification promotes a high degree of context-dependent specification. Many, often antagonistic, FTFs have overlapping expression patterns and can thereby compete for binding to the same chromosomal target sequences. Multiple molecular mechanisms also connect extracellular signals to the expression and functionality of specific FTFs and, in this way, fine-tune their activity. Through these diverse mechanisms, FTFs can function as context-dependent rheostats responding to diverse environmental stimuli. Focusing on the various mechanisms by which their functional activity is modulated, as well as on their mechanisms of action, we discuss how specific FTFs control lymphocyte function, allowing for the establishment and maintenance of immune homeostasis.
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107
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Borne AL, Huang T, McCloud RL, Pachaiyappan B, Bullock TNJ, Hsu KL. Deciphering T Cell Immunometabolism with Activity-Based Protein Profiling. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 420:175-210. [PMID: 30128827 PMCID: PMC7134364 DOI: 10.1007/82_2018_124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
As a major sentinel of adaptive immunity, T cells seek and destroy diseased cells using antigen recognition to achieve molecular specificity. Strategies to block checkpoint inhibition of T cell activity and thus reawaken the patient's antitumor immune responses are rapidly becoming standard of care for treatment of diverse cancers. Adoptive transfer of patient T cells genetically engineered with tumor-targeting capabilities is redefining the field of personalized medicines. The diverse opportunities for exploiting T cell biology in the clinic have prompted new efforts to expand the scope of targets amenable to immuno-oncology. Given the complex spatiotemporal regulation of T cell function and fate, new technologies capable of global molecular profiling in vivo are needed to guide selection of appropriate T cell targets and subsets. In this chapter, we describe the use of activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) to illuminate different aspects of T cell metabolism and signaling as fertile starting points for investigation. We highlight the merits of ABPP methods to enable target, inhibitor, and biochemical pathway discovery of T cells in the burgeoning field of immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Borne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCloud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Boobalan Pachaiyappan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Timothy N J Bullock
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Ku-Lung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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108
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Metabolic coordination of T cell quiescence and activation. Nat Rev Immunol 2019; 20:55-70. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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109
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Diao H, Pipkin M. Stability and flexibility in chromatin structure and transcription underlies memory CD8 T-cell differentiation. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31448086 PMCID: PMC6676507 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18211.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The process by which naïve CD8 T cells become activated, accumulate, and terminally differentiate as well as develop into memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is central to the development of potent and durable immunity to intracellular infections and tumors. In this review, we discuss recent studies that have elucidated ancestries of short-lived and memory CTLs during infection, others that have shed light on gene expression programs manifest in individual responding cells and chromatin remodeling events, remodeling factors, and conventional DNA-binding transcription factors that stabilize the differentiated states after activation of naïve CD8 T cells. Several models have been proposed to conceptualize how naïve cells become memory CD8 T cells. A parsimonious solution is that initial naïve cell activation induces metastable gene expression in nascent CTLs, which act as progenitor cells that stochastically diverge along pathways that are self-reinforcing and result in shorter- versus longer-lived CTL progeny. Deciphering how regulatory factors establish and reinforce these pathways in CD8 T cells could potentially guide their use in immunotherapeutic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitian Diao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Pipkin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
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110
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Mirzaie M, Nasiri M, Karimi M, Yavarian M, Kavosi A. FoxO3a Gene Down-regulation in Pathogenesis of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_203_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy found in the pediatrics with the peak prevalence between the ages of 2 and 5 years. The constitutive activation of PI3K/AKT pathway inhibits the tumor-suppressor role of FoxO3a (a member of the forkhead class O [FoxO] transcription factor family) in a variety of cancers and leads to tumorigenesis. This study aims to investigate the expression of FoxO3a in three different stages of pediatric ALL in mRNA level. Subjects and Methods: In this case-control study, 70 patients with childhood ALL and 70 healthy age- and gender-matched as the control group were enrolled. Real-time quantitative RT-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression level of FoxO3a in children with different stages of ALL and healthy children as a control group. Results: Data showed that the expression of FoxO3a mRNA was lower in newly diagnosed ALL patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001), maintenance (P = 0.0342), and relapse (P = 0.0006) groups, while no difference was observed between other groups. In addition, T-ALL patients showed decreased expression of FoxO3a compared to Pre-B ALL ones (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study results suggest that FoxO3a plays a tumor-suppressor role in ALL. Thus, its up-regulation seems to be a plausible therapeutic strategy for this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Mirzaie
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, India
| | | | - Mehran Karimi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, India
| | - Majid Yavarian
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, India
| | - Arghavan Kavosi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, India
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111
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Dong H, Buckner A, Prince J, Bullock T. Frontline Science: Late CD27 stimulation promotes IL-7Rα transcriptional re-expression and memory T cell qualities in effector CD8 + T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:1007-1019. [PMID: 31199542 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1hi0219-064r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that CD27 co-stimulation during a primary CD8+ T-cell response was critical for the expression of IL-7Rα on acute effector CD8+ T cells, providing an essential element in the generation of CD8+ T-cell memory to infectious pathogens. IL-7 plays a critical role in the generation and maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells, and IL-7Rα has been regarded as a functional marker of long-lived memory precursor effector cells. While IL-7Rα is downregulated acutely upon TCR stimulation, the regulation of the emergence of IL-7Rα expressing cells around the peak of primary CD8+ responses is less clear. Re-expression could be a default outcome after withdrawal of TCR stimulation. Alternatively, specific stimuli could actively antagonize the downregulation or promote the recovery of IL-7Rα in Ag-activated CD8+ T cells. By utilizing agonistic mAb and transgenic models, here we show: (1) CD27 stimulation acts directly on CD8+ T cells to enhance IL-7Rα-expressing effectors; (2) CD27 stimulation neither alleviates the downregulation of IL-7Rα upon TCR signaling nor promotes the expansion/survival of IL-7Rα-expressing effectors, but facilitates IL-7Rα re-expression; (3) CD27 stimulation regulates Il7ra mRNA abundance but not protein distribution. Importantly, CD27 stimulation promotes not only IL-7Rα, but also the common γ chain of the receptor and the downstream signaling mediated by pSTAT5. Our results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of CD27 stimulation as a positive regulator of IL-7Rα during CD8 T-cell responses, provide insights into the mechanistic basis by which CD27 stimulation influences CD8+ T-cell memory differentiation, and highlight the potential of targeting CD27-CD70 axis to enhance IL-7 signaling for antiviral/antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Dong
- Department of Pathology and Human Immune Therapy Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Andrew Buckner
- Department of Pathology and Human Immune Therapy Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Jessica Prince
- Department of Pathology and Human Immune Therapy Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Timothy Bullock
- Department of Pathology and Human Immune Therapy Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
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112
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IL7 receptor signaling in T cells: A mathematical modeling perspective. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 11:e1447. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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113
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Ivetic A, Hoskins Green HL, Hart SJ. L-selectin: A Major Regulator of Leukocyte Adhesion, Migration and Signaling. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1068. [PMID: 31139190 PMCID: PMC6527602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
L-selectin (CD62L) is a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein and cell adhesion molecule that is expressed on most circulating leukocytes. Since its identification in 1983, L-selectin has been extensively characterized as a tethering/rolling receptor. There is now mounting evidence in the literature to suggest that L-selectin plays a role in regulating monocyte protrusion during transendothelial migration (TEM). The N-terminal calcium-dependent (C-type) lectin domain of L-selectin interacts with numerous glycans, including sialyl Lewis X (sLex) for tethering/rolling and proteoglycans for TEM. Although the signals downstream of L-selectin-dependent adhesion are poorly understood, they will invariably involve the short 17 amino acid cytoplasmic tail. In this review we will detail the expression of L-selectin in different immune cell subsets, and its influence on cell behavior. We will list some of the diverse glycans known to support L-selectin-dependent adhesion, within luminal and abluminal regions of the vessel wall. We will describe how each domain within L-selectin contributes to adhesion, migration and signal transduction. A significant focus on the L-selectin cytoplasmic tail and its proposed contribution to signaling via the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family of proteins will be outlined. Finally, we will discuss how ectodomain shedding of L-selectin during monocyte TEM is essential for the establishment of front-back cell polarity, bestowing emigrated cells the capacity to chemotax toward sites of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ivetic
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Louise Hoskins Green
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel James Hart
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
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114
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Pobezinskaya EL, Wells AC, Angelou CC, Fagerberg E, Aral E, Iverson E, Kimura MY, Pobezinsky LA. Survival of Naïve T Cells Requires the Expression of Let-7 miRNAs. Front Immunol 2019; 10:955. [PMID: 31130952 PMCID: PMC6509570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the diversity and constant numbers of naïve T cells throughout the organism's lifetime is necessary for efficient immune responses. Naïve T cell homeostasis, which consists of prolonged survival, occasional proliferation and enforcement of quiescence, is tightly regulated by multiple signaling pathways which are in turn controlled by various transcription factors. However, full understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the maintenance of the peripheral T cell pool has not been achieved. In the present study, we demonstrate that T cell-specific deficiency in let-7 miRNAs results in peripheral T cell lymphopenia resembling that of Dicer1 knockout mice. Deletion of let-7 leads to profound T cell apoptosis while overexpression prevents it. We further show that in the absence of let-7, T cells cannot sustain optimal levels of the pro-survival factor Bcl2 in spite of the intact IL-7 signaling, and re-expression of Bcl2 in let-7 deficient T cells completely rescues the survival defect. Thus, we have uncovered a novel let-7-dependent mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation of naïve T cell survival in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena L. Pobezinskaya
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Alexandria C. Wells
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Constance C. Angelou
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Eric Fagerberg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Esengul Aral
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Iverson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Motoko Y. Kimura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Leonid A. Pobezinsky
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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115
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Chapman NM, Shrestha S, Chi H. Metabolism in Immune Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1011:1-85. [PMID: 28875486 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1170-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is a central determinant of organismal health. Functional immune responses require quiescent immune cells to rapidly grow, proliferate, and acquire effector functions when they sense infectious agents or other insults. Specialized metabolic programs are critical regulators of immune responses, and alterations in immune metabolism can cause immunological disorders. There has thus been growing interest in understanding how metabolic processes control immune cell functions under normal and pathophysiological conditions. In this chapter, we summarize how metabolic programs are tuned and what the physiological consequences of metabolic reprogramming are as they relate to immune cell homeostasis, differentiation, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Chapman
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Sharad Shrestha
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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116
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Cabrera-Ortega AA, Feinberg D, Liang Y, Rossa C, Graves DT. The Role of Forkhead Box 1 (FOXO1) in the Immune System: Dendritic Cells, T Cells, B Cells, and Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Crit Rev Immunol 2019; 37:1-13. [PMID: 29431075 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2017019636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box-O (FOXO) transcription factors have a fundamental role in the development and differentiation of immune cells. FOXO1 and FOXO3 are FOXO members that are structurally similar and bind to the same conserved consensus DNA sequences to induce transcription. FOXO1 has been studied in detail in the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), where it plays an important role through the regulation of target genes such as ICAM-1, CCR7, and the integrin αvβ3. FOXO1 is activated by bacteria challenge in DCs and promotes DC bacterial phagocytosis, migration, homing to lymph nodes, DC stimulation of CD4+ T cells and resting B cells, and antibody production. Deletion of FOXO1 in DCs enhances susceptibility to bacteria-induced periodontal disease. FOXO1 and FOXO3 maintain naive T cell quiescence and survival. FOXO1 and FOXO3 enhance the formation of regulatory T cells and inhibit the formation of T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells. FOXO1 promotes differentiation, proliferation, survival, immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, and class switching in B cells, but FOXO3 has little effect. Both FOXO1 and FOXO3 are important in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells by protecting them from oxidative stress. This review examines FOXO1/FOXO3 in the adaptive immune response, key target genes, and FOXO inhibition by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Alicia Cabrera-Ortega
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Feinberg
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Youde Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Carlos Rossa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wan Z, Lin Y, Zhao Y, Qi H. T
FH
cells in bystander and cognate interactions with B cells. Immunol Rev 2019; 288:28-36. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zurong Wan
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Yihan Lin
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Yongshan Zhao
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Hai Qi
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Work in the past decade has revealed key functions of the evolutionary conserved transcription factors Forkhead box O (FOXO) in the maintenance of homeostatic hematopoiesis. Here the diverse array of FOXO functions in normal and diseased hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is reviewed and the main findings in the past decade are highlighted. Future work should reveal FOXO-regulated networks whose alterations contribute to hematological disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified unanticipated FOXO functions in hematopoiesis including in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), erythroid cells, and immune cells. These findings suggest FOXO3 is critical for the regulation of mitochondrial and metabolic processes in hematopoietic stem cells, the balanced lineage determination, the T and B homeostasis, and terminal erythroblast maturation and red blood cell production. In aggregate these findings highlight the context-dependent function of FOXO in hematopoietic cells. Recent findings also question the nature of FOXO's contribution to heme malignancies as well as the mechanisms underlying FOXO's regulation in HSPC. SUMMARY FOXO are safeguards of homeostatic hematopoiesis. FOXO networks and their regulators and coactivators in HSPC are greatly complex and less well described. Identifications and characterizations of these FOXO networks in disease are likely to uncover disease-promoting mechanisms.
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119
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Dios-Esponera A, Melis N, Subramanian BC, Weigert R, Samelson LE. Pak1 Kinase Promotes Activated T Cell Trafficking by Regulating the Expression of L-Selectin and CCR7. Front Immunol 2019; 10:370. [PMID: 30891040 PMCID: PMC6411651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal function of the adaptive immune system requires trafficking of T cells between the blood and lymphoid organs. Lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes requires that they cross endothelial barriers present in blood vessels and lymphatics. This multi-step process requires a remodeling of the lymphocyte plasma membrane, which is mediated by the dynamic re-arrangement of the actin cytoskeleton. Pak1 plays a central role in cell morphology, adhesion and migration in various cell types. Here we demonstrate that Pak1 is required for activated CD4+ T cell trafficking to lymph nodes. Pak1 deficiency in T cells causes a defect in the transcription of CCR7 and L-selectin, thereby altering lymphocyte trafficking. Additionally, we report an increase in L-selectin shedding in Pak1-deficient T cells, which correlates with a decrease in the recruitment of calmodulin to the cytoplasmic tail of L-selectin during T cell activation. Overall, our findings demonstrate that by regulating the expression of two major lymph node homing molecules, L-selectin and CCR7, Pak1 mediates activated CD4+ T cell trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dios-Esponera
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nicolas Melis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bhagawat C Subramanian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Roberto Weigert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lawrence E Samelson
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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120
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Anzilotti C, Swan DJ, Boisson B, Deobagkar-Lele M, Oliveira C, Chabosseau P, Engelhardt KR, Xu X, Chen R, Alvarez L, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Bull KR, Cawthorne E, Cribbs AP, Crockford TL, Dang TS, Fearn A, Fenech EJ, de Jong SJ, Lagerholm BC, Ma CS, Sims D, van den Berg B, Xu Y, Cant AJ, Kleiner G, Leahy TR, de la Morena MT, Puck JM, Shapiro RS, van der Burg M, Chapman JR, Christianson JC, Davies B, McGrath JA, Przyborski S, Santibanez Koref M, Tangye SG, Werner A, Rutter GA, Padilla-Parra S, Casanova JL, Cornall RJ, Conley ME, Hambleton S. An essential role for the Zn 2+ transporter ZIP7 in B cell development. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:350-361. [PMID: 30718914 PMCID: PMC6561116 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the known importance of zinc for human immunity, molecular insights into its roles have remained limited. Here we report a novel autosomal recessive disease characterized by absent B cells, agammaglobulinemia and early onset infections in five unrelated families. The immunodeficiency results from hypomorphic mutations of SLC39A7, which encodes the endoplasmic reticulum-to-cytoplasm zinc transporter ZIP7. Using CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis we have precisely modeled ZIP7 deficiency in mice. Homozygosity for a null allele caused embryonic death, but hypomorphic alleles reproduced the block in B cell development seen in patients. B cells from mutant mice exhibited a diminished concentration of cytoplasmic free zinc, increased phosphatase activity and decreased phosphorylation of signaling molecules downstream of the pre-B cell and B cell receptors. Our findings highlight a specific role for cytosolic Zn2+ in modulating B cell receptor signal strength and positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Anzilotti
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David J Swan
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163 Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mukta Deobagkar-Lele
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Karin R Engelhardt
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xijin Xu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rui Chen
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Katherine R Bull
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Cawthorne
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam P Cribbs
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tanya L Crockford
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tarana Singh Dang
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy Fearn
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma J Fenech
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J de Jong
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Christoffer Lagerholm
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Sims
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bert van den Berg
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yaobo Xu
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew J Cant
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gary Kleiner
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - T Ronan Leahy
- Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Ross Chapman
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Sergi Padilla-Parra
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Dynamic Structural Virology Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163 Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Cornall
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Mary Ellen Conley
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Gustafson CE, Cavanagh MM, Jin J, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Functional pathways regulated by microRNA networks in CD8 T-cell aging. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12879. [PMID: 30488559 PMCID: PMC6351841 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most prominent immunological changes during human aging is the alteration in CD8 T-cell subset distribution, predominated by a loss of naïve CD8 T cells. The molecular mechanisms that contribute to the loss of naïve CD8 T-cells during aging remain unclear. Considering that many CD8 T-cell functions are influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs), we explored miRNA expression profiling to identify novel dysfunctions that contribute to naïve CD8 T-cell loss during aging. Here, we describe age-dependent miRNA expression changes in naïve, central memory, and effector memory CD8 T-cell subsets. Changes in old naïve CD8 T-cells partially resembled those driven by an underlying shift in cellular differentiation toward a young central memory phenotype. Pathways enriched for targets of age-dependent miRNAs included FOXO1, NF-κB, and PI3K-AKT signaling. Transcriptome analysis of old naïve CD8 T-cells yielded corresponding patterns that correlated to those seen with reduced FOXO1 or altered NF-κB activities. Of particular interest, IL-7R expression, controlled by FOXO1 signaling, declines on naïve CD8 T cells with age and directly correlates with the frequencies of naïve CD8 T cells. Thus, age-associated changes in miRNA networks may ultimately contribute to the failure in CD8 T-cell homeostasis exemplified by the loss in naïve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Gustafson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Mary M Cavanagh
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jun Jin
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
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Preite S, Huang B, Cannons JL, McGavern DB, Schwartzberg PL. PI3K Orchestrates T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation in a Context Dependent Manner: Implications for Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3079. [PMID: 30666254 PMCID: PMC6330320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a specialized population of CD4+ T cells that provide help to B cells for the formation and maintenance germinal centers, and the production of high affinity class-switched antibodies, long-lived plasma cells, and memory B cells. As such, Tfh cells are essential for the generation of successful long-term humoral immunity and memory responses to vaccination and infection. Conversely, overproduction of Tfh cells has been associated with the generation of autoantibodies and autoimmunity. Data from gene-targeted mice, pharmacological inhibitors, as well as studies of human and mice expressing activating mutants have revealed that PI3Kδ is a key regulator of Tfh cell differentiation, acting downstream of ICOS to facilitate inactivation of FOXO1, repression of Klf2 and induction of Bcl6. Nonetheless, here we show that after acute LCMV infection, WT and activated-PI3Kδ mice (Pik3cdE1020K/+) show comparable ratios of Tfh:Th1 viral specific CD4+ T cells, despite higher polyclonal Tfh cells in Pik3cdE1020K/+ mice. Thus, the idea that PI3K activity primarily drives Tfh cell differentiation may be an oversimplification and PI3K-mediated pathways are likely to integrate multiple signals to promote distinct effector T cell lineages. The consequences of dysregulated Tfh cell generation will be discussed in the context of the human primary immunodeficiency “Activated PI3K-delta Syndrome” (APDS), also known as “p110 delta-activating mutation causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy and immunodeficiency” (PASLI). Overall, these data underscore a major role for PI3K signaling in the orchestration of T lymphocyte responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Preite
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bonnie Huang
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer L Cannons
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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123
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Mucosal T follicular helper cells in SIV-infected rhesus macaques: contributing role of IL-27. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1038-1054. [PMID: 31114010 PMCID: PMC7746526 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), that drain the large and small intestine, are critical sites for the induction of oral tolerance. Although depletion of CD4 T cells in the intestinal lamina propria is a hallmark of HIV infection, CD4 T cell dynamics in MLNs is less known due to the lack of accessibility to these LNs. We demonstrate the early loss of memory CD4 T cells, including T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and a remodeling of MLN architecture in SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs). Along with the loss of Tfh cells, we observe the loss of memory B cells and of germinal center B cells. Tfh cells display a Th1 profile with increased levels of the transcription factors that negatively impact on Tfh differentiation and of Stat5 phosphorylation. MLNs of SIV-infected RMs display lower mRNA transcripts encoding for IL-12, IL-23, and IL-35, whereas those coding for IL-27 are not impaired in MLNs. In vitro, IL-27 negatively impacts on Tfh cells and recapitulates the profile observed in SIV-infected RMs. Therefore, early defects of memory CD4 T cells, as well of Tfh cells in MLNs, which play a central role in regulating the mucosal immune response, may have major implications for Aids.
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124
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Bardua M, Haftmann C, Durek P, Westendorf K, Buttgereit A, Tran CL, McGrath M, Weber M, Lehmann K, Addo RK, Heinz GA, Stittrich AB, Maschmeyer P, Radbruch H, Lohoff M, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Mashreghi MF. MicroRNA-31 Reduces the Motility of Proinflammatory T Helper 1 Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2813. [PMID: 30574141 PMCID: PMC6291424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory type 1 T helper (Th1) cells are enriched in inflamed tissues and contribute to the maintenance of chronic inflammation in rheumatic diseases. Here we show that the microRNA- (miR-) 31 is upregulated in murine Th1 cells with a history of repeated reactivation and in memory Th cells isolated from the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatic joint disease. Knock-down of miR-31 resulted in the upregulation of genes associated with cytoskeletal rearrangement and motility and induced the expression of target genes involved in T cell activation, chemokine receptor- and integrin-signaling. Accordingly, inhibition of miR-31 resulted in increased migratory activity of repeatedly activated Th1 cells. The transcription factors T-bet and FOXO1 act as positive and negative regulators of T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated miR-31 expression, respectively. Taken together, our data show that a gene regulatory network involving miR-31, T-bet, and FOXO1 controls the migratory behavior of proinflammatory Th1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bardua
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Cam Loan Tran
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mairi McGrath
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Weber
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Lehmann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Helena Radbruch
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Lohoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Fan X, Moltedo B, Mendoza A, Davydov AN, Faire MB, Mazutis L, Sharma R, Pe'er D, Chudakov DM, Rudensky AY. CD49b defines functionally mature Treg cells that survey skin and vascular tissues. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2796-2814. [PMID: 30355617 PMCID: PMC6219731 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells prevent autoimmunity by limiting immune responses and inflammation in the secondary lymphoid organs and nonlymphoid tissues. While unique subsets of Treg cells have been described in some nonlymphoid tissues, their relationship to Treg cells in secondary lymphoid organs and circulation remains unclear. Furthermore, it is possible that Treg cells from similar tissue types share largely similar properties. We have identified a short-lived effector Treg cell subset that expresses the α2 integrin, CD49b, and exhibits a unique tissue distribution, being abundant in peripheral blood, vasculature, skin, and skin-draining lymph nodes, but uncommon in the intestines and in viscera-draining lymph nodes. CD49b+ Treg cells, which display superior functionality revealed by in vitro and in vivo assays, appear to develop after multiple rounds of cell division and TCR-dependent activation. Accordingly, single-cell RNA-seq analysis placed these cells at the apex of the Treg developmental trajectory. These results shed light on the identity and development of a functionally potent subset of mature effector Treg cells that recirculate through and survey peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Fan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Bruno Moltedo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alejandra Mendoza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alexey N Davydov
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mehlika B Faire
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Single Cell Research Initiative, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Roshan Sharma
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Single Cell Research Initiative, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Dmitriy M Chudakov
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Y Rudensky
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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126
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Flórido M, Muflihah H, Lin LCW, Xia Y, Sierro F, Palendira M, Feng CG, Bertolino P, Stambas J, Triccas JA, Britton WJ. Pulmonary immunization with a recombinant influenza A virus vaccine induces lung-resident CD4 + memory T cells that are associated with protection against tuberculosis. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1743-1752. [PMID: 30115996 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The lung is the primary site of infection with the major human pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Effective vaccines against M. tuberculosis must stimulate memory T cells to provide early protection in the lung. Recently, tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) were found to be phenotypically and transcriptional distinct from circulating memory T cells. Here, we identified M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells induced by recombinant influenza A viruses (rIAV) vaccines expressing M. tuberculosis peptides that persisted in the lung parenchyma with the phenotypic and transcriptional characteristics of TRMs. To determine if these rIAV-induced CD4+ TRM were protective independent of circulating memory T cells, mice previously immunized with the rIAV vaccine were treated with the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, FTY720, prior to and during the first 17 days of M. tuberculosis challenge. This markedly reduced circulating T cells, but had no effect on the frequency of M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ TRMs in the lung parenchyma or their cytokine response to infection. Importantly, mice immunized with the rIAV vaccine were protected against M. tuberculosis infection even when circulating T cells were profoundly depleted by the treatment. Therefore, pulmonary immunization with the rIAV vaccine stimulates lung-resident CD4+ memory T cells that are associated with early protection against tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Flórido
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Heni Muflihah
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Leon C W Lin
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yingju Xia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Frederic Sierro
- Liver Immunology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mainthan Palendira
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carl G Feng
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Bertolino
- Liver Immunology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - John Stambas
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - James A Triccas
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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127
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Chatterjee S, Chakraborty P, Daenthanasanmak A, Iamsawat S, Andrejeva G, Luevano LA, Wolf M, Baliga U, Krieg C, Beeson CC, Mehrotra M, Hill EG, Rathmell JC, Yu XZ, Kraft AS, Mehrotra S. Targeting PIM Kinase with PD1 Inhibition Improves Immunotherapeutic Antitumor T-cell Response. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1036-1049. [PMID: 30327305 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) of cancer, which involves the infusion of ex vivo-engineered tumor epitope reactive autologous T cells into the tumor-bearing host, is a potential treatment modality for cancer. However, the durable antitumor response following ACT is hampered either by loss of effector function or survival of the antitumor T cells. Therefore, strategies to improve the persistence and sustain the effector function of the antitumor T cells are of immense importance. Given the role of metabolism in determining the therapeutic efficacy of T cells, we hypothesize that inhibition of PIM kinases, a family of serine/threonine kinase that promote cell-cycle transition, cell growth, and regulate mTORC1 activity, can improve the potency of T cells in controlling tumor. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The role of PIM kinases in T cells was studied either by genetic ablation (PIM1-/-PIM2-/-PIM3-/-) or its pharmacologic inhibition (pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, PimKi). Murine melanoma B16 was established subcutaneously and treated by transferring tumor epitope gp100-reactive T cells along with treatment regimen that involved inhibiting PIM kinases, anti-PD1 or both. RESULTS With inhibition of PIM kinases, T cells had significant reduction in their uptake of glucose, and upregulated expression of memory-associated genes that inversely correlate with glycolysis. In addition, the expression of CD38, which negatively regulates the metabolic fitness of the T cells, was also reduced in PimKi-treated cells. Importantly, the efficacy of antitumor T-cell therapy was markedly improved by inhibiting PIM kinases in tumor-bearing mice receiving ACT, and further enhanced by adding anti-PD1 antibody to this combination. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential therapeutic significance of combinatorial strategies where ACT and inhibition of signaling kinase with checkpoint blockade could improve tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpak Chatterjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Anusara Daenthanasanmak
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Supinya Iamsawat
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gabriela Andrejeva
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Libia A Luevano
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Melissa Wolf
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Uday Baliga
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Carsten Krieg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Meenal Mehrotra
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G Hill
- Department of Public Health, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jeffery C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Andrew S Kraft
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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128
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Goronzy JJ, Hu B, Kim C, Jadhav RR, Weyand CM. Epigenetics of T cell aging. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:691-699. [PMID: 29947427 PMCID: PMC6162101 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ri0418-160r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are a heterogeneous population of cells that differ in their differentiation stages. Functional states are reflected in the epigenome that confers stability in cellular identity and is therefore important for naïve as well as memory T cell function. In many cellular systems, changes in chromatin structure due to alterations in histone expression, histone modifications and DNA methylation are characteristic of the aging process and cause or at least contribute to cellular dysfunction in senescence. Here, we review the epigenetic changes in T cells that occur with age and discuss them in the context of canonical epigenetic marks in aging model systems as well as recent findings of chromatin accessibility changes in T cell differentiation. Remarkably, transcription factor networks driving T cell differentiation account for many of the age-associated modifications in chromatin structures suggesting that loss of quiescence and activation of differentiation pathways are major components of T cell aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg J. Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Bin Hu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Chulwoo Kim
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Rohit R. Jadhav
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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129
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Niu L, Xuan X, Wang J, Li L, Yang D, Jing Y, Westerberg LS, Liu C. Akt2 Regulates the Differentiation and Function of NKT17 Cells via FoxO-1-ICOS Axis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1940. [PMID: 30258434 PMCID: PMC6143662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As a critical linker between mTORC1 and mTORC2, Akt is important for the cell metabolism. The role of Akt in the function and development of B and T cells is well characterized, however, the role of Akt for development and function of iNKT cells is unknown. iNKT cells bridge the adaptive and innate immunity, and in this study, we found that the differentiation of NKT17 cells and IL17 production of NKT17 cells were disrupted in Akt2 KO mice. ICOS has been demonstrated to be critical for the differentiation of NKT17 cells and we found that ICOS mRNA and protein expression was reduced in Akt2 KO iNKT cells. As a consequence, phosphorylation of FoxO-1 was downregulated in Akt2 KO thymocytes but the sequestration of FoxO-1 in the nucleus of Akt2 KO iNKT cells was increased. The negative feedback loop between ICOS and FoxO-1 has been demonstrated in CD4+T follicular helper cells. Therefore our study has revealed a new intracellular mechanism in which Akt2 regulates ICOS expression via FoxO-1 and this signaling axis regulates the differentiation and function of NKT17 cells. This study provides a new linker between cell metabolism and function of iNKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- LinLin Niu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingtian Xuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Liling Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukai Jing
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lisa S Westerberg
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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130
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Wu N, Wang B, Cui ZW, Zhang XY, Cheng YY, Xu X, Li XM, Wang ZX, Chen DD, Zhang YA. Integrative Transcriptomic and microRNAomic Profiling Reveals Immune Mechanism for the Resilience to Soybean Meal Stress in Fish Gut and Liver. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1154. [PMID: 30246797 PMCID: PMC6140834 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquafeeds, fish-meal has been commonly replaced with plant protein, which often causes enteritis. Currently, foodborne enteritis has few solutions in regards to prevention or cures. The recovery mechanism from enteritis in herbivorous fish may further help understand prevention or therapy. However, few reports could be found regarding the recovery or resilience to fish foodborne enteritis. In this study, grass carp was used as an animal model for soybean meal induced enteritis and it was found that the fish could adapt to the soybean meal at a moderate level of substitution. Resilience to soybean meal stress was found in the 40% soybean meal group for juvenile fish at growth performance, morphological and gene expression levels, after a 7-week feeding trial. Furthermore, the intestinal transcriptomic data, including transcriptome and miRNAome, was applied to demonstrate resilience mechanisms. The result of this study revealed that in juvenile grass carp after a 7-week feeding cycle with 40% soybean meal, the intestine recovered via enhancing both an immune tolerance and wound healing, the liver gradually adapted via re-balancing immune responses, such as phagosome and complement cascades. Also, many immune factors in the gut and liver were systemically revealed among stages of on-setting, remising, and recovering (or relief). In addition, miRNA regulation played a key role in switching immune states. Thus, the present data systemically demonstrated that the molecular adaptation mechanism of fish gut-liver immunity is involved in the resilience to soybean meal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Biao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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131
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Bae J, Hideshima T, Tai YT, Song Y, Richardson P, Raje N, Munshi NC, Anderson KC. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor ACY241 enhances anti-tumor activities of antigen-specific central memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes against multiple myeloma and solid tumors. Leukemia 2018; 32:1932-1947. [PMID: 29487385 PMCID: PMC6537609 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are therapeutic targets in multiple cancers. ACY241, an HDAC6 selective inhibitor, has shown anti-multiple myeloma (MM) activity in combination with immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors. Here we show ACY241 significantly reduces the frequency of CD138+ MM cells, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, and HLA-DRLow/-CD11b+CD33+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells; and decreases expression of PD1/PD-L1 on CD8+ T cells and of immune checkpoints in bone marrow cells from myeloma patients. ACY241 increased B7 (CD80, CD86) and MHC (Class I, Class II) expression on tumor and dendritic cells. We further evaluated the effect of ACY241 on antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) generated with heteroclitic XBP1unspliced184-192 (YISPWILAV) and XBP1spliced367-375 (YLFPQLISV) peptides. ACY241 induces co-stimulatory (CD28, 41BB, CD40L, OX40) and activation (CD38) molecule expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and anti-tumor activities, evidenced by increased perforin/CD107a expression, IFN-γ/IL-2/TNF-α production, and antigen-specific central memory CTL. These effects of ACY241 on antigen-specific memory T cells were associated with activation of downstream AKT/mTOR/p65 pathways and upregulation of transcription regulators including Bcl-6, Eomes, HIF-1 and T-bet. These studies therefore demonstrate mechanisms whereby ACY241 augments immune response, providing the rationale for its use, alone and in combination, to restore host anti-tumor immunity and improve patient outcome.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Biomarkers
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Peptides/immunology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- X-Box Binding Protein 1/chemistry
- X-Box Binding Protein 1/genetics
- X-Box Binding Protein 1/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooeun Bae
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Teru Hideshima
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Tzu Tai
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Song
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Richardson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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132
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Brill L, Lavon I, Vaknin-Dembinsky A. Reduced expression of the IL7Ra signaling pathway in Neuromyelitis optica. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 324:81-89. [PMID: 30248528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that most commonly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. To characterize the immunological pathways involved in NMO, whole blood RNA expression array was performed using Nanostring nCounter technology. Two major clusters of genes were found associated with NMO: T cell-associated genes and the TNF/NF-kB signaling pathway. Analysis of the genes within the first cluster confirmed significantly reduced expression of IL7Ra (CD127) in the peripheral blood of NMO patients vs that in healthy controls. IL7Ra upstream transcription factors and its downstream survival signaling pathway were also markedly reduced. In line with the essential role of IL7Ra in T cell maturation and survival, a significantly lower number of naïve T cells, and reduced T cell survival signaling mediated by increased BID (BH3-interacting domain death agonist) expression and increased apoptosis was observed. Cumulatively, these findings indicate that the IL7Ra signaling pathway may play a role in the autoimmune process in NMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livnat Brill
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah- Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Israel
| | - Iris Lavon
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah- Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Israel; Leslie and Michael Center for Neuro-oncology, Hadassah-Medical Center, Israel
| | - Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah- Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
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133
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Salter AI, Ivey RG, Kennedy JJ, Voillet V, Rajan A, Alderman EJ, Voytovich UJ, Lin C, Sommermeyer D, Liu L, Whiteaker JR, Gottardo R, Paulovich AG, Riddell SR. Phosphoproteomic analysis of chimeric antigen receptor signaling reveals kinetic and quantitative differences that affect cell function. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/544/eaat6753. [PMID: 30131370 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aat6753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) link an antigen recognition domain to intracellular signaling domains to redirect T cell specificity and function. T cells expressing CARs with CD28/CD3ζ or 4-1BB/CD3ζ signaling domains are effective at treating refractory B cell malignancies but exhibit differences in effector function, clinical efficacy, and toxicity that are assumed to result from the activation of divergent signaling cascades. We analyzed stimulation-induced phosphorylation events in primary human CD8+ CD28/CD3ζ and 4-1BB/CD3ζ CAR T cells by mass spectrometry and found that both CAR constructs activated similar signaling intermediates. Stimulation of CD28/CD3ζ CARs activated faster and larger-magnitude changes in protein phosphorylation, which correlated with an effector T cell-like phenotype and function. In contrast, 4-1BB/CD3ζ CAR T cells preferentially expressed T cell memory-associated genes and exhibited sustained antitumor activity against established tumors in vivo. Mutagenesis of the CAR CD28 signaling domain demonstrated that the increased CD28/CD3ζ CAR signal intensity was partly related to constitutive association of Lck with this domain in CAR complexes. Our data show that CAR signaling pathways cannot be predicted solely by the domains used to construct the receptor and that signal strength is a key determinant of T cell fate. Thus, tailoring CAR design based on signal strength may lead to improved clinical efficacy and reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Salter
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Richard G Ivey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jacob J Kennedy
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Valentin Voillet
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anusha Rajan
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Eva J Alderman
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Uliana J Voytovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Daniel Sommermeyer
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lingfeng Liu
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Whiteaker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Amanda G Paulovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. .,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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134
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Chalmin F, Humblin E, Ghiringhelli F, Végran F. Transcriptional Programs Underlying Cd4 T Cell Differentiation and Functions. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 341:1-61. [PMID: 30262030 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the basis of cellular differentiation is a fundamental issue in developmental biology but also for the comprehension of pathological processes. In fact, the palette of developmental decisions for naive CD4 T cells is a critical aspect of the development of appropriate immune responses which could control infectious processes or cancer growth. However, the current accumulation of data on CD4 T cells biology reveals a complex world with different helper populations. Naive CD4 T cells can differentiate into different subtypes in response to cytokine stimulation. This stimulation involves a complex transcriptional network implicating the activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription but also master regulator transcription factors allowing the functions of each helper T lymphocyte subtype. In this review, we will present an overview of the transcriptional regulation which controls process of helper T cells differentiation. We will focus on the role of initiator transcriptional factors and on master regulators but also on other nonspecific transcriptional factors which refine the T helper polarization to stabilize or modulate the differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Chalmin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France; Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Etienne Humblin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France; Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France; Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France; Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Frédérique Végran
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France; Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
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135
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Giuliani E, Vassena L, Galardi S, Michienzi A, Desimio MG, Doria M. Dual regulation of L-selectin (CD62L) by HIV-1: Enhanced expression by Vpr in contrast with cell-surface down-modulation by Nef and Vpu. Virology 2018; 523:121-128. [PMID: 30119013 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr displays various activities that can favor viral replication such as G2 cell cycle arrest. Vpr also modulates host gene expression, although this property is poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the effect of Vpr on L-selectin (CD62L), which crucially controls leukocytes circulation and generation of immune responses against pathogens. We report that Vpr up-regulates CD62L mRNA level when individually expressed in Jurkat T cells as well as during HIV-1 infection of primary CD4+ T cells. Vpr mutant analysis and use of inhibitors suggest that the effect of Vpr on CD62L occurs independently of G2 arrest but requires activation of the ATR kinase. Yet, induction of CD62L expression by Vpr is contrasted by down-regulation of CD62L protein by Nef that, together with Vpu, induces a net reduction of cell-surface CD62L on HIV-1-infected cells, which may impact viral spread and evasion of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Giuliani
- Laboratory of Immunoinfectivology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lia Vassena
- Laboratory of Immunoinfectivology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Galardi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Michienzi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Margherita Doria
- Laboratory of Immunoinfectivology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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136
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Singh MD, Ni M, Sullivan JM, Hamerman JA, Campbell DJ. B cell adaptor for PI3-kinase (BCAP) modulates CD8 + effector and memory T cell differentiation. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2429-2443. [PMID: 30093532 PMCID: PMC6122975 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Singh et al. show that expression of B cell adaptor for PI3-kinase (BCAP) is induced upon T cell activation and that this helps control effector and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. CD8+ T cells respond to signals via the T cell receptor (TCR), costimulatory molecules, and immunoregulatory cytokines by developing into diverse populations of effector and memory cells. The relative strength of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling early in the T cell response can dramatically influence downstream effector and memory T cell differentiation. We show that initial PI3K signaling during T cell activation results in up-regulation of the signaling scaffold B cell adaptor for PI3K (BCAP), which further potentiates PI3K signaling and promotes the accumulation of CD8+ T cells with a terminally differentiated effector phenotype. Accordingly, BCAP-deficient CD8+ T cells have attenuated clonal expansion and altered effector and memory T cell development following infection with Listeria monocytogenes. Thus, induction of BCAP serves as a positive feedback circuit to enhance PI3K signaling in activated CD8+ T cells, thereby acting as a molecular checkpoint regulating effector and memory T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Singh
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Minjian Ni
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Jenna M Sullivan
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Daniel J Campbell
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA .,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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137
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Cannons JL, Preite S, Kapnick SM, Uzel G, Schwartzberg PL. Genetic Defects in Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase δ Influence CD8 + T Cell Survival, Differentiation, and Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1758. [PMID: 30116245 PMCID: PMC6082933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS), also known as p110 delta-activating mutation causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy and immunodeficiency (PASLI), is an autosomal dominant primary human immunodeficiency (PID) caused by heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CD, which encodes the p110δ catalytic subunit of PI3K. This recently described PID is characterized by diverse and heterogeneous clinical manifestations that include recurrent respiratory infections, lymphoproliferation, progressive lymphopenia, and defective antibody responses. A major clinical manifestation observed in the NIH cohort of patients with PIK3CD mutations is chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and/or cytomegalovirus viremia. Despite uncontrolled EBV infection, many APDS/PASLI patients had normal or higher frequencies of EBV-specific CD8+ T cells. In this review, we discuss data pertaining to CD8+ T cell function in APDS/PASLI, including increased cell death, expression of exhaustion markers, and altered killing of autologous EBV-infected B cells, and how these and other data on PI3K provide insight into potential cellular defects that prevent clearance of chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Cannons
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Silvia Preite
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Senta M Kapnick
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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138
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Newton RH, Shrestha S, Sullivan JM, Yates KB, Compeer EB, Ron-Harel N, Blazar BR, Bensinger SJ, Haining WN, Dustin ML, Campbell DJ, Chi H, Turka LA. Maintenance of CD4 T cell fitness through regulation of Foxo1. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:838-848. [PMID: 29988091 PMCID: PMC6289177 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Foxo transcription factors play an essential role in regulating specialized lymphocyte functions and in maintaining T cell quiescence. Here, we used a system in which Foxo1 transcription-factor activity, which is normally terminated upon cell activation, cannot be silenced, and we show that enforcing Foxo1 activity disrupts homeostasis of CD4 conventional and regulatory T cells. Despite limiting cell metabolism, continued Foxo1 activity is associated with increased activation of the kinase Akt and a cell-intrinsic proliferative advantage; however, survival and cell division are decreased in a competitive setting or growth-factor-limiting conditions. Via control of expression of the transcription factor Myc and the IL-2 receptor β-chain, termination of Foxo1 signaling couples the increase in cellular cholesterol to biomass accumulation after activation, thereby facilitating immunological synapse formation and mTORC1 activity. These data reveal that Foxo1 regulates the integration of metabolic and mitogenic signals essential for T cell competitive fitness and the coordination of cell growth with cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Newton
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Celsius Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sharad Shrestha
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jenna M Sullivan
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle and Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathleen B Yates
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ewoud B Compeer
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Noga Ron-Harel
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven J Bensinger
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Nicholas Haining
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Campbell
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle and Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Laurence A Turka
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Rheos Medicines, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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139
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Aili A, Zhang J, Wu J, Wu H, Sun X, He Q, Jin R, Zhang Y. CCR2 Signal Facilitates Thymic Egress by Priming Thymocyte Responses to Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1263. [PMID: 29930553 PMCID: PMC6001116 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal mediated by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) is essential but seemingly insufficient for thymic export of newly generated T cells. Here, we reported the identification of CCR2 as an additional regulator of this process. CCR2 showed a markedly increased expression in the most mature subset of single-positive (SP) thymocytes. Its deficiency led to a reduction of recent thymic emigrants in the periphery and a simultaneous accumulation of mature SP cells in the thymus. The CCR2 signaling promoted thymic emigration primarily through modulating the chemotactic responses to S1P1 engagement. On the one hand, the chemokinesis induced by CCR2 activation endowed thymocytes with enhanced capacity to respond to S1P-induced migration. On the other hand, CCR2 signaling through Stat3 augmented forkhead box O1 activity, leading to increased expression of S1P1. Taken together, the present study highlights a unique and novel function of CCR2 signaling in the regulation of thymic egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudureyimujiang Aili
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyuan Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Qihua He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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140
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Borlido J, Sakuma S, Raices M, Carrette F, Tinoco R, Bradley LM, D'Angelo MA. Nuclear pore complex-mediated modulation of TCR signaling is required for naïve CD4 + T cell homeostasis. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:594-605. [PMID: 29736031 PMCID: PMC5976539 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are channels connecting the nucleus with the cytoplasm. We report that loss of the tissue-specific NPC component Nup210 causes a severe deficit of naïve CD4+ T cells. Nup210-deficient CD4+ T lymphocytes develop normally but fail to survive in the periphery. The decreased survival results from both an impaired ability to transmit tonic T cell receptor (TCR) signals and increased levels of Fas, which sensitize Nup210-/- naïve CD4+ T cells to Fas-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, Nup210 regulates these processes by modulating the expression of Cav2 (encoding Caveolin-2) and Jun at the nuclear periphery. Whereas the TCR-dependent and CD4+ T cell-specific upregulation of Cav2 is critical for proximal TCR signaling, cJun expression is required for STAT3-dependent repression of Fas. Our results uncover an unexpected role for Nup210 as a cell-intrinsic regulator of TCR signaling and T cell homeostasis and expose NPCs as key players in the adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Borlido
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Sakuma
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marcela Raices
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Florent Carrette
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Tinoco
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Linda M Bradley
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maximiliano A D'Angelo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center and NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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141
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Yang C, Tsaih SW, Lemke A, Flister MJ, Thakar MS, Malarkannan S. mTORC1 and mTORC2 differentially promote natural killer cell development. eLife 2018; 7:35619. [PMID: 29809146 PMCID: PMC5976438 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that are essential for innate and adaptive immunity. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is critical for NK cell development; however, the independent roles of mTORC1 or mTORC2 in regulating this process remain unknown. Ncr1iCre-mediated deletion of Rptor or Rictor in mice results in altered homeostatic NK cellularity and impaired development at distinct stages. The transition from the CD27+CD11b− to the CD27+CD11b+ stage is impaired in Rptor cKO mice, while, the terminal maturation from the CD27+CD11b+ to the CD27−CD11b+ stage is compromised in Rictor cKO mice. Mechanistically, Raptor-deficiency renders substantial alteration of the gene expression profile including transcription factors governing early NK cell development. Comparatively, loss of Rictor causes more restricted transcriptome changes. The reduced expression of T-bet correlates with the terminal maturation defects and results from impaired mTORC2-AktS473-FoxO1 signaling. Collectively, our results reveal the divergent roles of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in NK cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Shirng-Wern Tsaih
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Angela Lemke
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Michael J Flister
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Monica S Thakar
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.,Departments of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
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142
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Kim MJ, Choi SK, Hong SH, Eun JW, Nam SW, Han JW, You JS. Oncogenic IL7R is downregulated by histone deacetylase inhibitor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via modulation of acetylated FOXO1. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:395-403. [PMID: 29749437 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-7 receptor (IL7R) is generally expressed in immune cells and is critical in survival, development and homeostasis in the immune system. Advanced genome-wide cancer studies have reported that IL7R is genetically amplified in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), however, the exact role of IL7R in ESCC has not been investigated. In the present study, it was found that IL7R was overexpressed in ESCC cohorts and the loss of IL7R induced anti-oncogenic effects in ESCC cell lines. A small panel of epigenetic drugs were screened for their ability to downregulate the expression of IL7R. Unexpectedly, apicidin, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, effectively downregulated the expression of IL7R in a dose-dependent manner at an early time-point, as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and IL7R immunostaining, and did not require de novo protein synthesis. Of note, apicidin induced the acetylation of Forkhead box-containing protein, O subfamily 1, which acts as a repressor at the IL7R promoter, accompanied with depleted active histone modifications based on chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Taken together, these results demonstrated that targeting oncogenic IL7R in ESCC by HDAC inhibitors may be a valuable therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Jun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwi Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woo Eun
- Functional RNomics Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Woo Nam
- Functional RNomics Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung-Whan Han
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueng Soo You
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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143
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Luo CT, Li MO. Foxo transcription factors in T cell biology and tumor immunity. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 50:13-20. [PMID: 29684436 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionally conserved forkhead box O (Foxo) family of transcription factors is pivotal in the control of nutrient sensing and stress responses. Recent studies have revealed that the Foxo proteins have been rewired to regulate highly specialized T cell activities. Here, we review the latest advances in the understanding of how Foxo transcription factors control T cell biology, including T cell trafficking, naive T cell homeostasis, effector and memory responses, as well as the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells. We also discuss the emerging evidence on Foxo-mediated regulation in antitumor immunity. Future work will further explore how the Foxo-dependent programs in T cells can be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong T Luo
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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144
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Froehlich J, Versapuech M, Megrelis L, Largeteau Q, Meunier S, Tanchot C, Bismuth G, Delon J, Mangeney M. FAM65B controls the proliferation of transformed and primary T cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63215-63225. [PMID: 27556504 PMCID: PMC5325358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell quiescence is controlled by regulated genome-encoded programs that actively express genes which are often down-regulated or inactivated in transformed cells. Among them is FoxO1, a transcription factor that imposes quiescence in several cell types, including T lymphocytes. In these cells, the FAM65B encoding gene is a major target of FOXO1. Here, we show that forced expression of FAM65B in transformed cells blocks their mitosis because of a defect of the mitotic spindle, leading to G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Upon cell proliferation arrest, FAM65B is engaged in a complex containing two proteins well known to be involved in cell proliferation i.e. the HDAC6 deacetylase and the 14.3.3 scaffolding protein. In primary T cells, FAM65B is down-regulated upon T cell receptor engagement, and maintaining its expression blocks their proliferation, establishing that the decrease of FAM65B expression is required for proliferation. Conversely, inhibiting FAM65B expression in naive T lymphocytes decreases their activation threshold. These results identify FAM65B as a potential new target for controlling proliferation of both transformed and normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Froehlich
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Margaux Versapuech
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laura Megrelis
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Quitterie Largeteau
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Meunier
- Inserm, PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Tanchot
- Inserm, PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Delon
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Mangeney
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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145
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Jiang S, Li T, Yang Z, Hu W, Yang Y. Deciphering the roles of FOXO1 in human neoplasms. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1560-1568. [PMID: 29473160 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life SciencesNorthwest University, 229 Taibai North RoadXi'an710069 China
- Department of Aerospace MedicineThe Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West RoadXi'an710032 China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West RoadXi'an710032 China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West RoadXi'an710032 China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West RoadXi'an710032 China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life SciencesNorthwest University, 229 Taibai North RoadXi'an710069 China
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West RoadXi'an710032 China
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146
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Metabolic exhaustion in infection, cancer and autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:213-221. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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147
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Role of Forkhead Box O (FOXO) transcription factor in aging and diseases. Gene 2018; 648:97-105. [PMID: 29428128 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fork head box O (FOXO) transcription factor is a key player in an evolutionarily conserved pathway. The mammalian FOXO family consists of FOXO1, 3, 4 and 6, are highly similar in their structure, function and regulation. To maintain optimum body function, the organisms have developed complex mechanisms for homeostasis. Importantly, it is well known that when these mechanisms dysregulate it results in the development of age-related disease. FOXO proteins are involved in a diverse cellular function and also have clinical significance including cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, tumour suppression, DNA repair, longevity, diabetic complications, immunity, wound healing, regulation of metabolism and thus treatment of several types of diseases. By the combinations of post-translational modifications FOXO's serve as a 'molecular code' to sense external stimuli and recruit it as to specific regions of the genome and provide an integrated cellular response to changing physiological conditions. Akt/Protein kinase B a signaling pathway as a main regulator of FOXO to perform a diverse function in organisms. The present review summarizes the molecular and clinical aspects of FOXO transcription factor. And also elaborate the interaction of FOXO with the nucleosome remodelling complex to target genes, which is essential to cellular homeostasis.
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148
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Scheffel MJ, Scurti G, Wyatt MM, Garrett-Mayer E, Paulos CM, Nishimura MI, Voelkel-Johnson C. N-acetyl cysteine protects anti-melanoma cytotoxic T cells from exhaustion induced by rapid expansion via the downmodulation of Foxo1 in an Akt-dependent manner. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:691-702. [PMID: 29396710 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic outcomes for adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapy are constrained by the quality of the infused T cells. The rapid expansion necessary to obtain large numbers of cells results in a more terminally differentiated phenotype with decreased durability and functionality. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) protects against activation-induced cell death (AICD) and improves anti-tumor efficacy of Pmel-1 T cells in vivo. Here, we show that these benefits of NAC can be extended to engineered T cells and significantly increases T-cell survival within the tumor microenvironment. The addition of NAC to the expansion protocol of human TIL13838I TCR-transduced T cells that are under evaluation in a Phase I clinical trial, demonstrated that findings in murine cells extend to human cells. Expansion of TIL13838I TCR-transduced T cells in NAC also increased their ability to kill target cells in vitro. Interestingly, NAC did not affect memory subsets, but diminished up-regulation of senescence (CD57) and exhaustion (PD-1) markers and significantly decreased expression of the transcription factors EOMES and Foxo1. Pharmacological inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway ablates the decrease in Foxo1 induced by NAC treatment of activated T cells. This suggests a model in which NAC through PI3K/Akt activation suppresses Foxo1 expression, thereby impacting its transcriptional targets EOMES, PD-1, and granzyme B. Taken together, our results indicate that NAC exerts pleiotropic effects that impact the quality of TCR-transduced T cells and suggest that the addition of NAC to current clinical protocols should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Scheffel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 250504, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Gina Scurti
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Megan M Wyatt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 250504, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Chrystal M Paulos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 250504, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | | | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 250504, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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149
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Schlafen2 mutation unravels a role for chronic ER stress in the loss of T cell quiescence. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39396-39407. [PMID: 27276683 PMCID: PMC5129940 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunologically naïve lymphocytes are kept in a quiescent state until antigen engagement. These quiescent immune cells are characterized by small cell size, lack of spontaneous proliferation and low metabolic rate. Lymphocyte quiescence is actively enforced condition which ensures the preservation of proper differentiation and proliferation capabilities of naïve and memory lymphocytes. Previously we described a chemically induced mutation in Schlafen2 (Slfn2), termed elektra, which breaks quiescence and compromises immunity. However, the mechanism by which Slfn2 maintains quiescence remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that elektra T cells display chronic ER stress under steady state conditions. Modulation of ER stress response by depletion of either UPR mediators XBP1 or CHOP, improved viability and partially corrected the developmental abnormalities and proliferation capabilities of elektra T cells. Altogether, our results demonstrate a functional connection between Slfn2 induced quiescence in T cells and ER homeostasis, clarifying a novel mechanism by which immune cell quiescence is maintained.
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150
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van Doeselaar S, Burgering BMT. FOXOs Maintaining the Equilibrium for Better or for Worse. Curr Top Dev Biol 2018; 127:49-103. [PMID: 29433740 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A paradigm shift is emerging within the FOXO field and accumulating evidence indicates that we need to reappreciate the role of FOXOs, at least in cancer development. Here, we discuss the possibility that FOXOs are both tumor suppressors as well as promoters of tumor progression. This is mostly dependent on the biological context. Critical to this dichotomous role is the notion that FOXOs are central in preserving cellular homeostasis in redox control, genomic stability, and protein turnover. From this perspective, a paradoxical role in both suppressing and enhancing tumor progression can be reconciled. As many small molecules targeting the PI3K pathway are developed by big pharmaceutical companies and/or are in clinical trial, we will discuss what the consequences may be for the context-dependent role of FOXOs in tumor development in treatment options based on active PI3K signaling in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina van Doeselaar
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn M T Burgering
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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