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Burns D, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Werner A. XPR1: a regulator of cellular phosphate homeostasis rather than a Pi exporter. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:861-869. [PMID: 38507112 PMCID: PMC11033234 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient, and its plasma levels are under tight hormonal control. Uphill transport of Pi into cells is mediated by the two Na-dependent Pi transporter families SLC34 and SLC20. The molecular identity of a potential Pi export pathway is controversial, though XPR1 has recently been suggested by Giovannini and coworkers to mediate Pi export. We expressed XPR1 in Xenopus oocytes to determine its functional characteristics. Xenopus isoforms of proteins were used to avoid species incompatibility. Protein tagging confirmed the localization of XPR1 at the plasma membrane. Efflux experiments, however, failed to detect translocation of Pi attributable to XPR1. We tested various counter ions and export medium compositions (pH, plasma) as well as potential protein co-factors that could stimulate the activity of XPR1, though without success. Expression of truncated XPR1 constructs and individual domains of XPR1 (SPX, transmembrane core, C-terminus) demonstrated downregulation of the uptake of Pi mediated by the C-terminal domain of XPR1. Tethering the C-terminus to the transmembrane core changed the kinetics of the inhibition and the presence of the SPX domain blunted the inhibitory effect. Our observations suggest a regulatory role of XPR1 in cellular Pi handling rather than a function as Pi exporter. Accordingly, XPR1 senses intracellular Pi levels via its SPX domain and downregulates cellular Pi uptake via the C-terminal domain. The molecular identity of a potential Pi export protein remains therefore elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burns
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Werner A, Kanhere A, Wahlestedt C, Mattick JS. Natural antisense transcripts as versatile regulators of gene expression. Nat Rev Genet 2024:10.1038/s41576-024-00723-z. [PMID: 38632496 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a major class of gene products that have central roles in cell and developmental biology. Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) are an important subset of lncRNAs that are expressed from the opposite strand of protein-coding and non-coding genes and are a genome-wide phenomenon in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, a myriad of NATs participate in regulatory pathways that affect expression of their cognate sense genes. Recent developments in the study of NATs and lncRNAs and large-scale sequencing and bioinformatics projects suggest that whether NATs regulate expression, splicing, stability or translation of the sense transcript is influenced by the pattern and degrees of overlap between the sense-antisense pair. Moreover, epigenetic gene regulatory mechanisms prevail in somatic cells whereas mechanisms dependent on the formation of double-stranded RNA intermediates are prevalent in germ cells. The modulating effects of NATs on sense transcript expression make NATs rational targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John S Mattick
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Rybak A, Assad Z, Levy C, Bonarcorsi S, Béchet S, Werner A, Wollner A, Valtuille Z, Kaguelidou F, Angoulvant F, Cohen R, Varon E, Ouldali N. Age-Specific Resurgence in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Incidence in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era and Its Association With Respiratory Virus and Pneumococcal Carriage Dynamics: A Time-Series Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:855-859. [PMID: 38059538 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using multiple national surveillance systems, we found an increase in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease during after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19, which strongly varied by age. Age groups with higher incidence of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza also experienced higher increase in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence, with no change in pneumococcal carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Eceve Inserm UMR-S 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Bonarcorsi
- Microbiology Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité Mixte de Recherche S1138), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Sadeq S, Chitcharoen S, Al-Hashimi S, Rattanaburi S, Casement J, Werner A. Significant Variations in Double-Stranded RNA Levels in Cultured Skin Cells. Cells 2024; 13:226. [PMID: 38334619 PMCID: PMC10854852 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endogenous double-stranded RNA has emerged as a potent stimulator of innate immunity. Under physiological conditions, endogenous dsRNA is maintained in the cell nucleus or the mitochondria; however, if protective mechanisms are breached, it leaches into the cytoplasm and triggers immune signaling pathways. Ectopic activation of innate immune pathways is associated with various diseases and senescence and can trigger apoptosis. Hereby, the level of cytoplasmic dsRNA is crucial. We have enriched dsRNA from two melanoma cell lines and primary dermal fibroblasts, including a competing probe, and analyzed the dsRNA transcriptome using RNA sequencing. There was a striking difference in read counts between the cell lines and the primary cells, and the effect was confirmed by northern blotting and immunocytochemistry. Both mitochondria (10-20%) and nuclear transcription (80-90%) contributed significantly to the dsRNA transcriptome. The mitochondrial contribution was lower in the cancer cells compared to fibroblasts. The expression of different transposable element families was comparable, suggesting a general up-regulation of transposable element expression rather than stimulation of a specific sub-family. Sequencing of the input control revealed minor differences in dsRNA processing pathways with an upregulation of oligoadenylate synthase and RNP125 that negatively regulates the dsRNA sensors RIG1 and MDA5. Moreover, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry confirmed the relatively minor adaptations to the hugely different dsRNA levels. As a consequence, these transformed cell lines are potentially less tolerant to interventions that increase the formation of endogenous dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Sadeq
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.S.); (S.A.-H.)
- Fallujah College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Al-Fallujah 31002, Iraq
| | - Suwalak Chitcharoen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Surar Al-Hashimi
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.S.); (S.A.-H.)
- College of Medicine, University of Misan, Al-Sader Teaching Hospital, Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Somruthai Rattanaburi
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - John Casement
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.S.); (S.A.-H.)
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Pluskiewicz W, Werner A, Bach M, Adamczyk P, Drozdzowska B. Optimal fracture prediction thresholds for therapy onset, established from FRAX and Garvan algorithms: a longitudinal observation of the population representative female cohort from the RAC-OST-POL Study. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:136. [PMID: 37973685 PMCID: PMC10654207 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The study shows that the use of unified cutoff thresholds to identify high fracture risks by two popular calculators-FRAX and Garvan-leads to a significant discrepancy between the prediction of fractures and their actual prevalence over the period of 10 years. On the basis of the ROC analyses, a proposal of differentiated thresholds is presented. They were established at 6% for FRAX major fracture risk, 1.4% for FRAX hip fracture risk, 14.4% for Garvan any fracture risk, and 8.8% for Garvan hip fracture risk. PURPOSE/INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to verify how much were the tools, designed to predict fracture risks, precise vs. the actual fracture incidence values over a prospective observation. METHODS The study group consisted of a population-based postmenopausal sample from the RAC-OST-POL Study. At baseline, there were 978 subjects at the mean age of 66.4 ± 7.8 years and, after a 10-year follow-up, 640 women remained at the mean age of 75.0 ± 6.95 years. At baseline, the fracture risk was established by the FRAX and Garvan tools. RESULTS During the observation period, 190 osteoporotic fractures were identified in 129 subjects. When high-risk fracture cutoff thresholds (of 10% for major/any and 3% for hip fractures) were employed, only 19.59% of major fractures and 50% of hip fractures were identified in the high-risk group. For the Garvan tool, the percentage of correctly predicted fractures for any and hip fractures was 86.05% and 71.43%, respectively. Nevertheless, the fracture prediction by the Garvan tool was associated with the qualification of numerous subjects to the high-risk group, who subsequently did not experience a fracture in the 10-year follow-up period (false-positive prediction). Based on the ROC analyses, new high-risk thresholds were proposed individually for each calculator, improving the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of these tools. They were established at 6% for FRAX major fracture risk, 1.4% for FRAX hip fracture risk, 14.4% for Garvan any fracture risk, and 8.8% for Garvan hip fracture risk. CONCLUSIONS The current prospective study enabled to establish new, optimal thresholds for therapy initiation. Such a modified approach may enable a more accurate identification of treatment requiring patients and, in consequence, reduce the number of new fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Pluskiewicz
- Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Diabetology, and Nephrology, Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3-Maja 13/15 Street, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - A Werner
- Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - M Bach
- Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - P Adamczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - B Drozdzowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Assad Z, Cohen R, Varon E, Levy C, Bechet S, Corrard F, Werner A, Ouldali N, Bonacorsi S, Rybak A. Antibiotic Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Children with Acute Otitis Media and in Middle Ear Fluid from Otorrhea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1605. [PMID: 37998807 PMCID: PMC10668799 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is one of the leading bacteria implicated in childhood acute otitis media (AOM). Recent concerns have been raised about the emergence of Hi-resistant strains. We aimed to analyze the evolution of β-lactam resistance to Hi among strains isolated from nasopharyngeal carriage in children with AOM and in mild ear fluid (MEF) after the spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) in France. In this national ambulatory-based cohort study over 16 years, we analyzed the rate of Hi nasopharyngeal carriage and the proportion of β-lactam-resistant Hi strains over time using a segmented linear regression model. Among the 13,865 children (median [IQR] age, 12.7 [9.3-17.3] months; 7400 [53.4%] male) with AOM included from November 2006 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 7311 (52.7%) children by nasopharyngeal sampling. The proportion of β-lactamase-producing and β-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) Hi strains in nasopharyngeal carriage remained stable during the study period. Among the 783 children (median [IQR] age, 20 [12.3-37.8] months; 409 [52.2%] male) with SPTM included from October 2015 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 177 (22.6%) cases by MEF sampling. The proportions of β-lactamase-producing and BLNAR Hi strains did not significantly differ between nasopharyngeal (17.6% and 8.8%, respectively) and MEF (12.6% and 7.4%) samples. Accordingly, amoxicillin remains a valid recommendation as the first-line drug for AOM in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Robert Cohen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Corinne Levy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Bechet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - François Corrard
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
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Cohen R, Minodier P, Hau I, Filleron A, Werner A, Haas H, Raymond J, Thollot F, Bellaïche M. Anti-infective treatment of gastro-intestinal tract infections in children. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104784. [PMID: 37739226 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Gastroenteritis is most often viral in origin and Rotavirus and Norovirus most frequently implicated in young children. Stool-based multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) can detect bacteria, viruses or parasites that may or may not be responsible for gastroenteritis (colonization). While the etiological profile of these digestive infections has greatly benefited from PCR, in the absence of underlying pathologies the presence of potential pathogens does not justify anti-infectious treatment. Indeed, very few bacterial causes require antibiotic treatment, apart from shigellosis, severe forms of salmonellosis and a few Campylobacter sp. infections. The development of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. and Campylobacter sp. is a cause for concern worldwide, limiting therapeutic options. The antibiotics proposed in this guide are in line with the joint recommendations of the European Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. Azithromycin is preferentially used to treat infections with Shigella sp. or Campylobacter sp. Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin are recommended for salmonellosis requiring antibiotic therapy. Empirical treatments without bacterial identification are not indicated except in cases of severe sepsis or in subjects at risk (e.g., sickle-cell disease). Metronidazole should be prescribed only for acute intestinal amebiasis after microbiological confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, 94000 Créteil, France; Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France.
| | - Philippe Minodier
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; CHU de Marseille (Hôpital nord), Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Hau
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, 94000 Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France
| | - Anne Filleron
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Nîmes, Univ. Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - Hervé Haas
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; Neonatal Pediatrics Department Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco
| | - Josette Raymond
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Franck Thollot
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (GPIP), Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - Marc Bellaïche
- Service de Gastro-entérologie Pédiatrique - Hôpital Robert-Debré - AP-HP, France
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Cohen R, Madhi F, Thollot F, Hau I, Vie le Sage F, Lemaître C, Magendie C, Werner A, Gelbert N, Cohen JF, Couloigner V. Antimicrobial treatment of ENT infections. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104785. [PMID: 37730165 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Ear, nose and throat (ENT) or upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the most common infections in children and the leading causes of antibiotic prescriptions. In most cases, these infections are due to (or are triggered by) viruses and even when bacterial species are implicated, recovery is usually spontaneous. The first imperative is to refrain from prescribing antibiotics in a large number of URTIs: common cold, most cases of sore throat, laryngitis, congestive otitis, and otitis media with effusion. On the contrary, a decision to treat sore throats with antibiotics is based primarily on the positivity of the Group A Streptococcus (GAS) rapid antigen diagnostic tests. For ear infections, only (a) purulent acute otitis media in children under 2 years of age and (b) complicated or symptomatic forms of purulent acute otitis media (PAOM) in older children should be treated with antibiotics. Amoxicillin is the first-line treatment in the most cases of ambulatory ENT justifying antibiotics. Severe ENT infections (mastoiditis, epiglottitis, retro- and parapharyngeal abscesses, ethmoiditis) are therapeutic emergencies necessitating hospitalization and initial intravenous antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cohen
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France.
| | - F Madhi
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Service de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France
| | - F Thollot
- Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - I Hau
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Service de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France
| | - F Vie le Sage
- Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - C Lemaître
- Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - C Magendie
- Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - A Werner
- Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - N Gelbert
- Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group of the French Pediatric Society, Créteil, France; Primary Care Paediatrician, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - Jeremie F Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France
| | - V Couloigner
- Service d'ORL Pédiatrique - Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, France; Secrétaire Général de la Société Française d'ORL - General Secretary of the French ENT Society, France; Head of the Education Commission of the European Society of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, France
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Levy C, Cohen R, Béchet S, Ravilly S, Werner A, Romain O, Guiso N. Pediatric ambulatory pertussis epidemiology in France, recent updates. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104727. [PMID: 37268040 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Following various changes in the vaccine strategy in 2013 and the mandatory vaccination in 2018, we aimed to analyze the vaccination status, age, and source of contamination of pertussis and parapertussis cases in outpatient surveillance. PATIENTS AND METHODS Confirmed pertussis and parapertussis cases were enrolled by 35 pediatricians. RESULTS From 2014 to 2022, 73 confirmed cases of pertussis (n = 65) and parapertussis (n = 8) were reported. For children below 6 years of age, the number of cases with a 2 + 1 schedule (n = 22) was higher than that of those with a 3 + 1 schedule (n = 7). The age of cases with a 3 + 1 or a 2 + 1 schedule was not significantly different (3.8y ± 1.4 vs 4.2y ± 1.5). The main source of contamination was either adults or adolescents. CONCLUSION Vaccination status and source of contamination are crucial to study the impact of vaccination recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.
| | - R Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - S Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - S Ravilly
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - A Werner
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - O Romain
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - N Guiso
- Independent Expert, Paris, France
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Cohen JF, Rybak A, Werner A, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Gelbert N, Vié Le Sage F, Batard C, Béchet S, Corbaux H, Frandji B, Levy C, Cohen R. Surveillance of noninvasive group A Streptococcus infections in French ambulatory pediatrics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective multicenter study from 2018-2022. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 134:135-141. [PMID: 37290573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the burden of noninvasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections in ambulatory pediatrics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. METHODS We analyzed data from a national network of ambulatory pediatricians between 2018 and 2022. Clinicians evaluating children ≤15 years old for tonsillopharyngitis, perianal infections, paronychia/blistering dactylitis, and scarlet fever were invited to perform a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) for GAS. Monthly incidence of noninvasive GAS infections per 10,000 visits was modeled using time series analysis, considering two breakpoints: March 2020 (first national lockdown) and March 2022 (end of mandatory mask-wearing in schools). RESULTS Over the study period, 125 pediatricians recorded 271,084 infectious episodes. GAS-related illnesses represented 4.3% of all infections. In March 2020, the incidence of GAS diseases decreased by 84.5% (P <0.001), with no significant trend until March 2022. After March 2022, the incidence significantly increased (+23.8% per month, P <0.001), with similar patterns across all monitored GAS-related diseases. CONCLUSION By using routine clinical data and RADTs, we have monitored changes in the incidence of noninvasive GAS infections in ambulatory pediatrics. COVID-19 mitigation measures have had a major impact on the epidemiology of noninvasive GAS infections, but their relaxation was followed by a surge above baseline levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie F Cohen
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (Inserm UMR 1153), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Pediatric Emergency Department, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE, Inserm UMR S-1123), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France.
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Kochert
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | | | - Nathalie Gelbert
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Batard
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Hippolyte Corbaux
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | | | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etudes des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (GEMINI), Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicale, Créteil, France.
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etudes des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (GEMINI), Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicale, Créteil, France
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Petzold F, Schönauer R, Werner A, Halbritter J. Clinical and Functional Assessment of Digenicity in Renal Phosphate Wasting. Nutrients 2023; 15:2081. [PMID: 37432176 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from increased fluid intake, patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) due to renal phosphate wasting require specific metaphylaxis. NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1 regulate plasma phosphate concentration by reabsorbing phosphate in proximal kidney tubules and have been found altered in monogenic hypophosphatemia with a risk of KSD. In this study, we aimed at assessing the combined genetic alterations impacting NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1. Therefore, we screened our hereditary KSD registry for cases of oligo- and digenicity, conducted reverse phenotyping, and undertook functional studies. As a result, we identified three patients from two families with digenic alterations in NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1. In family 1, the index patient, who presented with severe renal calcifications and a bone mineralization disorder, carried digenic alterations affecting both NaPi transporter 2a and 2c. Functional analysis confirmed an additive genetic effect. In family 2, the index patient presented with kidney function decline, distinct musculature-related symptoms, and intracellular ATP depletion. Genetically, this individual was found to harbor variants in both NaPi2c and NHERF1 pointing towards genetic interaction. In summary, digenicity and gene dosage are likely to impact the severity of renal phosphate wasting and should be taken into account in terms of metaphylaxis through phosphate substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Petzold
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ria Schönauer
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jan Halbritter
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Mahé E, Werner A, Cret L, Salinier C, Guellich A, Maruani A, Assathiany R. Therapeutic inertia during isotretinoin treatment of juvenile acne by dermatologists, paediatricians and general practitioners. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2023; 150:39-45. [PMID: 36642678 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isotretinoin is an effective treatment for severe juvenile acne, but it appears to be underused in relation to the recommendations. Therapeutic inertia is defined as a failure to initiate or intensify treatment even when warranted by the recommendations. The aim of this study was to investigate therapeutic inertia among dermatologists (D), paediatricians (P), and general practitioners (GPs) in initiating isotretinoin for moderate-to-very severe juvenile acne. METHODS Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to French physicians through medical societies via Internet. The questions explored the role in inertia of factors related to physicians, patients, parents, and the healthcare system, and evaluated barriers and facilitators to prescribing isotretinoin. RESULTS In all, 768 physicians responded to the survey (528 D, 178P, and 61 GPs; mean age: 51 years; women: 78 %). Their responses revealed that 99 % of dermatologists felt comfortable prescribing isotretinoin, compared with 8 % and 15 % of paediatricians and GPs (p < 0.05); 93 % of dermatologists were aware of the current guidelines compared with 37 % of paediatricians and GPs. Under 50 % of the physicians had received training on acne in the previous 3 years, regardless of specialty. The most frequently identified factors for inertia were concerns over the psychological consequences of the treatment in adolescents, exclusive requests from parents, and patient unavailability. Paediatricians reported having insufficient knowledge of current recommendations, a lack of training, and a tendency to anticipate poor compliance. Paediatricians and GPs considered that access to first-time prescriptions and peer-to-peer exchanges would constitute facilitating factors in their use of isotretinoin. DISCUSSION Concerns over the psychiatric consequences of isotretinoin in adolescents, the need for frequent follow-up, and lack of continuing medical education were identified as factors favouring inertia in the initiation of isotretinoin treatment in patients with moderate-to-very severe juvenile acne, particularly among paediatricians and GPs. Potential strategies to overcome these barriers include regular training, simplified recommendations in French, and access to first-time prescription for paediatricians and GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mahé
- Service de dermatologie et médecine vasculaire, Hôpital Victor-Dupouy, 69 rue du Lieutenant-Colonel-Prud'hon, 95107 Argenteuil, France.
| | - A Werner
- AFPA, 30 rue Emile Zola, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - L Cret
- AFPA, 30 rue Emile Zola, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - C Salinier
- AFPA, 30 rue Emile Zola, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - A Guellich
- Service de dermatologie et médecine vasculaire, Hôpital Victor-Dupouy, 69 rue du Lieutenant-Colonel-Prud'hon, 95107 Argenteuil, France
| | - A Maruani
- Service de dermatologie, Unité de dermatologie pédiatrique, Université de Tours et Nantes, INSERM 1246 SPHERE - CHRU Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
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Sadeq S, Lovat P, Nelson G, Mcdonald D, Filby A, Werner A. 463 Implications of the ds-RNA stress response in melanoma cell lines and patient samples. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Kater MJ, Werner A, Lohaus A, Schlarb A. Sleep Reactivity and Poor Sleep in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Investigation. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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AL-Hashimi S, Roberts R, Weatherhead S, Rider A, Casement J, Werner A, Reynolds N. 343 Endogenous double-stranded RNA is a potential target for psoriasis therapy. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Cohen PR, Rybak A, Werner A, Béchet S, Desandes R, Hassid F, André JM, Gelbert N, Thiebault G, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Vié Le Sage F, Angoulvant PF, Ouldali N, Frandji B, Levy C. Trends in pediatric ambulatory community acquired infections before and during COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective multicentric surveillance study in France. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 22:100497. [PMID: 36034052 PMCID: PMC9398201 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Covid-19 pandemic control has imposed several non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Strict application of these measures has had a dramatic reduction on the epidemiology of several infectious diseases. As the pandemic is ongoing for more than 2 years, some of these measures have been removed, mitigated, or less well applied. The aim of this study is to investigate the trends of pediatric ambulatory infectious diseases before and up to two years after the onset of the pandemic. Methods We conducted a prospective surveillance study in France with 107 pediatricians specifically trained in pediatric infectious diseases. From January 2018 to April 2022, the electronic medical records of children with an infectious disease were automatically extracted. The annual number of infectious diseases in 2020 and 2021 was compared to 2018-2019 and their frequency was compared by logistic regression. Findings From 2018 to 2021, 185,368 infectious diseases were recorded. Compared to 2018 (n=47,116) and 2019 (n=51,667), the annual number of cases decreased in 2020 (n=35,432) by about a third. Frequency of scarlet fever, tonsillopharyngitis, enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, and gastroenteritis decreased with OR varying from 0·6 (CI95% [0·5;0·7]) to 0·9 (CI95% [0·8;0·9]), p<0·001. In 2021, among the 52,153 infectious diagnoses, an off-season rebound was observed with increased frequency of enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis and otitis with OR varying from 1·1 (CI95% [1·0;1·1]) to 1·5 (CI95% [1·4;1·5]), p<0·001. Interpretation While during NPIs strict application, the overall frequency of community-acquired infections was reduced, after relaxation of these measures, a rebound of some of them (enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, otitis) occurred beyond the pre-pandemic level. These findings highlight the need for continuous surveillance of infectious diseases, especially insofar as future epidemics are largely unpredictable. Funding ACTIV, AFPA, GSK, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi.
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Muzaffar H, Valinskas A, Werner A, Collins N, Regan M. Qualitative Evaluation of Cooking and Gardening Sessions with Elementary School Children. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Ivy L, Kaiser B, Werner A. 305 Managing Low and Intermediate Risk Transient Ischemic Attacks in the Time of a Pandemic. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Zschätzsch M, Konda A, Walther T, Günter Berger R, Werner A. Sustainable production of a natural colorant by exploiting the fermentation of the basidiomycota
Laetiporus sulphureus. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Zschätzsch
- TU Dresden Institute of Natural Materials Sciences, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering Bergstr. 120 01069 Dresden Germany
- biotopa gGmbH Bautzner Landstr. 45 01454 Radeberg Germany
| | - A. Konda
- TU Dresden Institute of Natural Materials Sciences, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering Bergstr. 120 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - T. Walther
- TU Dresden Institute of Natural Materials Sciences, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering Bergstr. 120 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - R. Günter Berger
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Food Chemistry Callinstr. 5 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - A. Werner
- TU Dresden Institute of Natural Materials Sciences, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering Bergstr. 120 01069 Dresden Germany
- biotopa gGmbH Bautzner Landstr. 45 01454 Radeberg Germany
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Saez D, Grizmann D, Trautz M, Werner A. Mycelium‐based construction materials for the post‐oil era. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Saez
- RWTH Aachen – Architektur Chair for Structures and Structural Design Schinkelstr. 1 52062 Aachen Germany
| | - D. Grizmann
- RWTH Aachen – Architektur Chair for Structures and Structural Design Schinkelstr. 1 52062 Aachen Germany
| | - M. Trautz
- RWTH Aachen – Architektur Chair for Structures and Structural Design Schinkelstr. 1 52062 Aachen Germany
| | - A. Werner
- Dresden Technical University Group Enzyme Technology, Chair Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering 01069 Dresden Germany
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Latscha R, Koschate J, Bloch W, Werner A, Hoffmann U. Correction: Cardiovascular Regulation During Acute Gravitational Changes with Exhaling on Exertion. Int J Sports Med 2022; 43:e2. [PMID: 36150703 DOI: 10.1055/a-1938-5849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rina Latscha
- Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Koschate
- Health Services Research - Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department for Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute for Physiology and Center of Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Branch I 1, Aviation Physiology Diagnostic and Research, German Air Force - Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - Uwe Hoffmann
- Exercise Physiology, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
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Man W, Zhou Y, Lam U, Reifenberg G, Werner A, Habermeier A, Closs E, Daiber A, Münzel T, Xia N, Li H. l-citrulline ameliorates pathophysiology in a rat model of superimposed preeclampsia. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Rienesl L, Khayatzdadeh N, Köck A, Egger-Danner C, Gengler N, Grelet C, Dale LM, Werner A, Auer FJ, Leblois J, Sölkner J. Prediction of Acute and Chronic Mastitis in Dairy Cows Based on Somatic Cell Score and Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Milk. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141830. [PMID: 35883377 PMCID: PMC9312168 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is the method of choice to determine milk components like fat, protein and urea. We examined the potential of MIR spectra analyses for the prediction of clinical mastitis events of dairy cows additionally, or alternatively, to somatic cell count, which is routinely used as an indicator for mastitis monitoring. Prediction models based on MIR spectra and a somatic cell count-derived score (SCS) were developed and compared. A model based on MIR spectra and SCS proved more accurate at predicting mastitis than models based on either indicator alone. Consequently, MIR spectra analyses add extra value in the prediction of clinical mastitis, making them potentially useful for dairy farm management and as an auxiliary trait for the genetic evaluation of udder health. Abstract Monitoring for mastitis on dairy farms is of particular importance, as it is one of the most prevalent bovine diseases. A commonly used indicator for mastitis monitoring is somatic cell count. A supplementary tool to predict mastitis risk may be mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy of milk. Because bovine health status can affect milk composition, this technique is already routinely used to determine standard milk components. The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of models to predict clinical mastitis based on MIR spectral data and/or somatic cell count score (SCS), and to explore differences of prediction accuracies for acute and chronic clinical mastitis diagnoses. Test-day data of the routine Austrian milk recording system and diagnosis data of its health monitoring, from 59,002 cows of the breeds Fleckvieh (dual purpose Simmental), Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss, were used. Test-day records within 21 days before and 21 days after a mastitis diagnosis were defined as mastitis cases. Three different models (MIR, SCS, MIR + SCS) were compared, applying Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis. Results of external validation in the overall time window (−/+21 days) showed area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of 0.70 when based only on MIR, 0.72 when based only on SCS, and 0.76 when based on both. Considering as mastitis cases only the test-day records within 7 days after mastitis diagnosis, the corresponding areas under the curve were 0.77, 0.83 and 0.85. Hence, the model combining MIR spectral data and SCS was performing best. Mastitis probabilities derived from the prediction models are potentially valuable for routine mastitis monitoring for farmers, as well as for the genetic evaluation of the trait udder health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Rienesl
- Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Negar Khayatzdadeh
- Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Astrid Köck
- ZuchtData EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.); (C.E.-D.)
| | | | - Nicolas Gengler
- Regional Association for Performance Testing in Livestock Breeding of Baden-Wuerttemberg (LKV—Baden-Wuerttemberg), 70067 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Clément Grelet
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Laura Monica Dale
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège (ULg), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (L.M.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Werner
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège (ULg), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (L.M.D.); (A.W.)
| | | | | | - Johann Sölkner
- Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-476-549-3201
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Latscha R, Koschate J, Bloch W, Werner A, Hoffmann U. Cardiovascular Regulation During Acute Gravitational Changes with Exhaling on Exertion. Int J Sports Med 2022; 43:865-874. [PMID: 35668644 PMCID: PMC9448415 DOI: 10.1055/a-1810-6646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
During gravitational changes or changes in the direction of action in relation to
the body, fluid displacements can be observed. In special cases different
breathing maneuvers (e. g., exhaling on exertion; Ex-Ex) are used to
counteract acute fluid shifts. Both factors have a significant impact on
cardiovascular regulation. Eight healthy male subjects were tested on a tilt
seat, long arm human centrifuge, and parabolic flight. The work aims to
investigate the effect of exhaling on exertion on the cardiovascular regulation
during acute gravitational changes compared to normal breathing. Possible
interactions and differences between conditions (Ex-Ex, normal breathing) for
the parameters
V’O2
,
V’E
, HR, and SV were analysed over a
40 s period by a three-way ANOVA. Significant (p≤0.05) effects
for all main factors and interactions between condition and time as well as
maneuver and time were found for all variables. The exhaling on exertion
maneuver had a significant influence on the cardiovascular response during acute
gravitational and positional changes. For example, the significant increase of
V’O2 at the end of the exhalation on exertion maneuver indicates an
increased lung circulation as a result of the maneuver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Latscha
- Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Koschate
- Health Services Research - Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department for Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute for Physiology and Center of Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Branch I 1, Aviation Physiology Diagnostic and Research, German Air Force - Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - Uwe Hoffmann
- Exercise Physiology, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
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Tomba Ngangas S, Bisseux M, Jugie G, Lambert C, Cohen R, Werner A, Archimbaud C, Henquell C, Mirand A, Bailly JL. Coxsackievirus A6 Recombinant Subclades D3/A and D3/H Were Predominant in Hand-Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in the Paediatric Population, France, 2010–2018. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051078. [PMID: 35632819 PMCID: PMC9144281 DOI: 10.3390/v14051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) emerged as the most common enterovirus of seasonal outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). We investigated CVA6 genetic diversity among the clinical phenotypes reported in the paediatric population during sentinel surveillance in France between 2010 and 2018. CVA6 infection was confirmed in 981 children (mean age 1.52 years [IQR 1.17–2.72]) of whom 564 (58%) were males. Atypical HFMD was reported in 705 (72%) children, followed by typical HFMD in 214 (22%) and herpangina in 57 (6%) children. Throat specimens of 245 children were processed with a target-enrichment new-generation sequencing approach, which generated 213 complete CVA6 genomes. The genomes grouped within the D1 and D3 clades (phylogeny inferred with the P1 genomic region). In total, 201 genomes were classified among the recombinant forms (RFs) A, B, F, G, H, and N, and 12 genomes were assigned to 5 previously unreported RFs (R–V). The most frequent RFs were A (58%), H (19%), G (6.1%), and F (5.2%). The yearly number of RFs ranged between 1 (in 2012 and 2013) and 6 (2018). The worldwide CVA6 epidemic transmission began between 2005 and 2007, which coincided with the global spread of the recombinant subclade D3/RF-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Tomba Ngangas
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Maxime Bisseux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gwendoline Jugie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Céline Lambert
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Biométrie et Médico-Economie—Direction de la Recherche Clinique et Innovation, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France;
| | - Christine Archimbaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Wicke FS, Ernst M, Otten D, Werner A, Dreier M, Brähler E, Tibubos AN, Reiner I, Michal M, Wiltink J, Münzel T, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, König J, Wild PS, Beutel ME. The association of depression and all-cause mortality: Explanatory factors and the influence of gender. J Affect Disord 2022; 303:315-322. [PMID: 35176339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of depression with mortality and the significance of explanatory factors, in particularly gender, have remained an issue of debate. We therefore aimed to estimate the effect of depression on all-cause mortality, to examine potential explanatory factors and to assess effect modification by gender. METHODS We used Cox regression models to estimate the effect of depression on mortality based on data from the Gutenberg Health Study, which is a prospective cohort study of the adult population in the districts of Mainz and Mainz-Bingen, Germany. Baseline assessment was between 2007 and 2012. Effect modification by gender was measured on both additive and multiplicative scales. RESULTS Out of 14,653 participants, 7.7% were depressed according to Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and 1,059 (7.2%) died during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Depression elevated the risk of mortality in men and women in age-adjusted models (HR: 1.41, 95%-CI: 1.03-1.92; resp. HR: 1.96, 95%-CI: 1.43-2.69). Adjustment for social status, physical health and lifestyle covariates attenuated the effect and in the fully-adjusted model the hazard ratio was 0.96 (95%-CI: 0.69-1.33) in men and 1.53 (95%-CI: 1.10-2.12) in women. For effect modification by gender, the measure on multiplicative interaction was 0.68 (95%-CI 0.44-1.07) and on additive interaction was RERI=-0.47 (95%-CI -1.24-0.30). LIMITATIONS The PHQ-9 is a single self-report measure of depression reflecting symptoms of the past two weeks, limiting a more detailed assessment of depression and course of symptoms, which likely affects the association with mortality. CONCLUSIONS Depression elevates mortality by multifactorial pathways, which should be taken into account in the biopsychosocially informed treatment of depression. Effect modification by gender was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Wicke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany.
| | - M Ernst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - D Otten
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - A Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - M Dreier
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - E Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - A N Tibubos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - I Reiner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - M Michal
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - J Wiltink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
| | - T Münzel
- Center for Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - K J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - N Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J König
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine - Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - M E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55113, Germany
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Masè M, Werner A, Putzer G, Avancini G, Falla M, Brugger H, Micarelli A, Strapazzon G. Low Ambient Temperature Exposition Impairs the Accuracy of a Non-invasive Heat-Flux Thermometer. Front Physiol 2022; 13:830059. [PMID: 35309078 PMCID: PMC8931521 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.830059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Indirect core body temperature (CBT) monitoring from skin sensors is gaining attention for in-field applications thanks to non-invasivity, portability, and easy probe positioning. Among skin sensors, heat-flux devices, such as the so-called Double Sensor (DS), have demonstrated reliability under various experimental and clinical conditions. Still, their accuracy at low ambient temperatures is unknown. In this randomized cross-over trial, we tested the effects of cold temperature exposition on DS performance in tracking CBT. Methods Twenty-one participants were exposed to a warm (23.2 ± 0.4°C) and cold (−18.7 ± 1.0°C) room condition for 10 min, following a randomized cross-over design. The accuracy of the DS to estimate CBT in both settings was assessed by quantitative comparison with esophageal (reference) and tympanic (comparator) thermometers, using Bland–Altman and correlation analyses (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r, and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, CCC). Results In the warm room setting, the DS showed a moderate agreement with the esophageal sensor [bias = 0.09 (−1.51; 1.69) °C, r = 0.40 (p = 0.069), CCC = 0.22 (−0.006; 0.43)] and tympanic sensor [bias = 2.74 (1.13; 4.35) °C, r = 0.54 (p < 0.05), CCC = 0.09 (0.008; 0.16)]. DS accuracy significantly deteriorated in the cold room setting, where DS temperature overestimated esophageal temperature [bias = 2.16 (−0.89; 5.22) °C, r = 0.02 (0.94), CCC = 0.002 (−0.05; 0.06)]. Previous exposition to the cold influenced temperature values measured by the DS in the warm room setting, where significant differences (p < 0.00001) in DS temperature were observed between randomization groups. Conclusion DS accuracy is influenced by environmental conditions and previous exposure to cold settings. These results suggest the present inadequacy of the DS device for in-field applications in low-temperature environments and advocate further technological advancements and proper sensor insulation to improve performance in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Masè
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Air Force – Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Aviation Physiology Training Centre, Aviation Physiology Diagnostic and Research, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - Gabriel Putzer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giovanni Avancini
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Marika Falla
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Hermann Brugger
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alessandro Micarelli
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- ITER Center for Balance and Rehabilitation Research (ICBRR), Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Giacomo Strapazzon,
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Pinto Cardoso G, Lagrée-Chastan M, Caseris M, Gaudelus J, Haas H, Leroy JP, Bakhache P, Pujol JF, Werner A, Dommergues MA, Pauquet E, Pinquier D. Overview of meningococcal epidemiology and national immunization programs in children and adolescents in 8 Western European countries. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1000657. [PMID: 36507149 PMCID: PMC9727280 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1000657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, meningococcal (Men) vaccines are available against 5 of the 6 serogroups responsible of nearly all cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Meningococcal vaccination has been introduced in the national immunization programs (NIPs) for children and adolescents of numerous European countries, but with no consistent strategy across countries. OBJECTIVES To describe IMD epidemiology, NIPs, and vaccination coverage rates (VCRs) in children and adolescents in 8 Western European countries. METHODS Epidemiological data (from 1999 to 2019), NIPs regarding meningococcal vaccination status, and VCRs were collected from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and/or national websites. RESULTS MenB was the most common serogroup. In Belgium, Spain, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom (UK), and Portugal, incidence was greater for MenW than MenC. In 2019, MenB risk was covered in 2 countries (Italy, UK). MenC risk was covered in all countries, via MenC only (countries: N = 3), MenACWY only (N = 2), or MenC (infants/children) and MenACWY (adolescents) (N = 3) vaccination. VCRs were higher in children than adolescents. CONCLUSION Our study confirmed the diversity of NIPs, including in neighboring European countries with similar factors like economic resources and epidemiological risk, thus indicating that other factors underlie NIPs. Convergence toward a more common immunization program including MenACWY and MenB vaccination would promote equity and safe travel regarding infectious diseases for young people, and possibly improve the understanding of vaccination by patients and healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Pinto Cardoso
- Service de Pédiatrie Néonatale et Réanimation, University of Rouen Normandy, CHU Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - Marion Lagrée-Chastan
- Urgences Pédiatriques et Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille Cedex, France
| | | | - Joël Gaudelus
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Haas
- Service de Pédiatrie - Néonatalogie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco Cedex, Monaco
| | - Jean-Philippe Leroy
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, DIIM/SIBM, CHU Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Emilie Pauquet
- Unité de Néonatologie, Soins Intensifs Néonataux, Hôpital des Enfants, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Didier Pinquier
- Service de Pédiatrie Néonatale et Réanimation, University of Rouen Normandy, CHU Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
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Blangis F, Allali S, Cohen JF, Vabres N, Adamsbaum C, Rey-Salmon C, Werner A, Refes Y, Adnot P, Gras-Le Guen C, Launay E, Chalumeau M. Variations in Guidelines for Diagnosis of Child Physical Abuse in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2129068. [PMID: 34787659 PMCID: PMC8600386 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.29068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance The highly variable practices observed regarding the early detection and diagnostic workup of suspected child physical abuse contribute to suboptimal care and could be partially related to discrepancies in clinical guidelines. Objective To systematically evaluate the completeness, clarity, and consistency of guidelines for child physical abuse in high-income countries. Evidence Review For this systematic review, national or regional guidelines that were disseminated from 2010 to 2020 related to the early detection and diagnostic workup of child physical abuse in infants aged 2 years or younger by academic societies or health agencies in high-income countries were retrieved. The definitions of sentinel injuries and the recommended diagnostic workup (imaging and laboratory tests) for child physical abuse were compared. Data were analyzed from July 2020 to February 2021. Findings Within the 20 included guidelines issued in 15 countries, 168 of 408 expected statements (41%) were missing and 10 statements (4%) were unclear. Among 16 guidelines characterizing sentinel injuries, all of them included skin injuries, such as bruises, hematoma, or burns, but only 8 guidelines (50%) included intraoral injuries and fractures. All 20 guidelines agreed on the indication for radiological skeletal survey, head computed tomography, and head magnetic resonance imaging but differed for those of bone scintigraphy, follow-up skeletal survey, spinal magnetic resonance imaging, cranial ultrasonography, chest computed tomography, and abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography. Additionally, 16 guidelines agreed on exploring primary hemostasis and coagulation but not on the tests to perform, and 8 guidelines (50%) mentioned the need to investigate bone metabolism. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that guidelines for the diagnosis of child physical abuse in infants were often clear but lacked completeness and were discrepant on major issues. These results may help identify priorities for well-designed original diagnostic accuracy studies, systematic reviews, or an international consensus process to produce clear and standardized guidelines to optimize practices and infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Blangis
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Slimane Allali
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie F. Cohen
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Vabres
- Unité d’Accueil des Enfants en Danger, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Adamsbaum
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, AP-HP, Bicêtre Hospital, F-94270, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Caroline Rey-Salmon
- Pediatrics and Forensic Unit, AP-HP, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, F-30400, Villeneuve les Avignons, France
| | - Yacine Refes
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Adnot
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Christèle Gras-Le Guen
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Elise Launay
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Nantes University Hospital, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Martin Chalumeau
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
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Papangelopoulou K, Orlowska M, Bezy S, Petrescu A, Werner A, Ramalli A, Voigt JU, D'hooge J. High frame rate speckle tracking echocardiography to assess diastolic function. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular (LV) strain rate (SR) during isovolumic relaxation (SRIVR) and early diastolic filling (SRe) has previously been shown to correlate with the invasive gold standard for LV diastolic function (i.e. the time constant of LV pressure decay tau). However, the translation of these biomarkers to the clinic has been hampered by technical limitations. Indeed, conventional speckle tracking (STE) is limited by its temporal resolution, whereas tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is angle-dependent, labor-intensive and thus rarely used clinically nowadays.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to show that these limitations could be overcome by using a recently proposed STE algorithm operating on high frame rate (HFR) imaging data.
Methods
37 subjects (age: 64±12, 81% male) were included in the study; 16 had cardiac amyloidosis, 12 were undergoing clinically indicated left and/or right heart cardiac catheterization and 9 were healthy volunteers. Since the sequence of left ventricular activation and thus the repolarization process (i.e. relaxation) starts at mid septum, we measured SRIVR and SRe in the mid septal segment in an apical 4 chamber view using a commercially available clinical system with: (1) TDI (frame rate (FR) ∼142 Hz); (2) STE (FR ∼65 Hz). Moreover, subjects were scanned with HD-PULSE, an experimental high frame ultrasound scanner (FR ∼915 Hz) and then a manually placed contour was tracked during the cardiac cycle by a custom-made 2D HFR STE algorithm, to compute and extract SRIVR and SRe from the mid septum. Since TDI is considered the reference method to assess SR, conventional as well as HFR STE values were correlated against the TDI SR values.
Results
In 3 subjects, SRIVR could not be reliably assessed with the clinical STE approach, which we attributed to the relatively low temporal resolution of the images; all other measurements could be made in all subjects. For both biomarkers, HFR STE values correlated better with the TDI reference measurements than the clinical STE estimates (Fig.1). The latter estimates showed a systematic underestimation (bias −0.19 1/s (p<0.01) and −0.46 1/s (p<0.01) for SRIVR and SRe respectively) while no significant bias was observed for the HFR STE values. Similarly, the limits of agreement of the HFR STE values were narrower (−0.45 to +0.54 1/s and −0.94 to +0.86 1/s) than those of the clinical STE measurements (−0.85 to +0.48 1/s and −1.32 to +0.41 1/s).
Conclusions
These results show that HFR STE offers a reliable way to assess novel biomarkers of diastolic function in a user-friendly manner and can therefore facilitate their incorporation to the clinical practice.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Orlowska
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Bezy
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Petrescu
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Werner
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Ramalli
- University of Florence, Department of Information Engineering, Florence, Italy
| | - J U Voigt
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J D'hooge
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
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Marszalkowski M, Werner A, Feltens R, Helmecke D, Gößringer M, Westhof E, Hartmann RK. Comparative study on tertiary contacts and folding of RNase P RNAs from a psychrophilic, a mesophilic/radiation-resistant, and a thermophilic bacterium. RNA 2021; 27:1204-1219. [PMID: 34266994 PMCID: PMC8457005 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078735.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In most bacterial type A RNase P RNAs (P RNAs), two major loop-helix tertiary contacts (L8-P4 and L18-P8) help to orient the two independently folding S- and C-domains for concerted recognition of precursor tRNA substrates. Here, we analyze the effects of mutations in these tertiary contacts in P RNAs from three different species: (i) the psychrophilic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas translucida (Ptr), (ii) the mesophilic radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans (Dra), and (iii) the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus (Tth). We show by UV melting experiments that simultaneous disruption of these two interdomain contacts has a stabilizing effect on all three P RNAs. This can be inferred from reduced RNA unfolding at lower temperatures and a more concerted unfolding at higher temperatures. Thus, when the two domains tightly interact via the tertiary contacts, one domain facilitates structural transitions in the other. P RNA mutants with disrupted interdomain contacts showed severe kinetic defects that were most pronounced upon simultaneous disruption of the L8-P4 and L18-P8 contacts. At 37°C, the mildest effects were observed for the thermostable Tth RNA. A third interdomain contact, L9-P1, makes only a minor contribution to P RNA tertiary folding. Furthermore, D. radiodurans RNase P RNA forms an additional pseudoknot structure between the P9 and P12 of its S-domain. This interaction was found to be particularly crucial for RNase P holoenzyme activity at near-physiological Mg2+ concentrations (2 mM). We further analyzed an exceptionally stable folding trap of the G,C-rich Tth P RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Marszalkowski
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Werner
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ralph Feltens
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Helmecke
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Gößringer
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Eric Westhof
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Roland K Hartmann
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
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32
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Bergerat M, Heude B, Taine M, Nguyen The Tich S, Werner A, Frandji B, Blauwblomme T, Sumanaru D, Charles MA, Chalumeau M, Scherdel P. Head circumference from birth to five years in France: New national reference charts and comparison to WHO standards. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2021; 5:100114. [PMID: 34557823 PMCID: PMC8454714 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The monitoring of head circumference (HC) is essential to early detect any conditions affecting its growth in early childhood. A positive secular trend and regional specificities in HC suggested the need to provide updated national HC reference growth charts. Methods We extracted all growth data collected from 42 primary-care physicians from across the French metropolitan territory who used the same electronic medical-records software. We selected HC measurements up to age five years for all children who were born after 1990 with birth weight > 2500 g. We derived new HC growth charts by using Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape, then externally validated them until 30 months of age by comparison with the national population-based Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort and compared them to previous French and WHO growth charts. Findings With 973,869 HC measurements from 157,762 children, new calibrated HC growth charts from birth to age five years were generated. The new HC growth charts showed good external fit by comparison with the ELFE birth cohort. As compared with the new HC growth charts, the previous French and WHO growth charts mean HC z-scores were, respectively, -0.4 and -0.6 SD for girls and -0.2 and -0.6 SD for boys. Interpretation We produced and validated national calibrated HC growth charts by using a novel big-data approach applied to data routinely collected in clinical practice. Comparison with previous French and WHO growth charts confirmed a positive secular trend since the 1960s and regional specificities. Funding The French Ministry of Health; Laboratoires Guigoz—General Pediatrics section of the French Society of Pediatrics—Paediatric Epidemiological Research Group; the French Association of Ambulatory Pediatrics; and educational grant from the Regional Health Agency of Ile-de-France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bergerat
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker Sick Children Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
- Corresponding author at: Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Villejuif, F-94807, France
| | - Marion Taine
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Nguyen The Tich
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Salengro, F-59037 Lille, France
- Société Française de Neurologie Pédiatrique, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Commission Recherche, Pediatric office, Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, France
| | | | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- Université de Paris, Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, F-75015 Paris, France
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Necker Sick Children Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Dorin Sumanaru
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker Sick Children Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
- Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), INSERM, Joint Unit Elfe, Paris, France
| | - Martin Chalumeau
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Necker Sick Children Hospital, Université de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Pauline Scherdel
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
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Christophe OS, Grelet C, Bertozzi C, Veselko D, Lecomte C, Höeckels P, Werner A, Auer FJ, Gengler N, Dehareng F, Soyeurt H. Multiple Breeds and Countries' Predictions of Mineral Contents in Milk from Milk Mid-Infrared Spectrometry. Foods 2021; 10:2235. [PMID: 34574345 PMCID: PMC8470342 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Measuring the mineral composition of milk is of major interest in the dairy sector. This study aims to develop and validate robust multi-breed and multi-country models predicting the major minerals through milk mid-infrared spectrometry using partial least square regressions. A total of 1281 samples coming from five countries were analyzed to obtain spectra and in ICP-AES to measure the mineral reference contents. Models were built from records coming from four countries (n = 1181) and validated using records from the fifth country, Austria (n = 100). The importance of including local samples was tested by integrating 30 Austrian samples in the model while validating with the remaining 70 samples. The best performances were achieved using this second set of models, confirming the need to cover the spectral variability of a country before making a prediction. Validation root mean square errors were 54.56, 63.60, 7.30, 59.87, and 152.89 mg/kg for Na, Ca, Mg, P, and K, respectively. The built models were applied on the Walloon milk recording large-scale spectral database, including 3,510,077. The large-scale predictions on this dairy herd improvement database provide new insight regarding the minerals' variability in the population, as well as the effect of parity, stage of lactation, breeds, and seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octave S. Christophe
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), 24 Chaussée de Namur, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (O.S.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Clément Grelet
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), 24 Chaussée de Namur, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (O.S.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Carlo Bertozzi
- Elevéo Asbl, AWE Group, 4, Rue des Champs Elysées, 5590 Ciney, Belgium;
| | - Didier Veselko
- Comité du Lait de Battice Route de Herve 104, 4651 Battice, Belgium;
| | - Christophe Lecomte
- France Conseil Elevage, Maison du Lait, 42 Rue de Chateaudun, 75009 Paris, France;
| | - Peter Höeckels
- Landeskontrollverband Nordrhein-Westfalen e.V., Bischofstraße 85, 47809 Krefeld, Germany;
| | - Andreas Werner
- LKV Baden Württemberg, Heinrich-Baumann Str. 1-3, 70190 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Franz-Josef Auer
- LKV Austria Gemeinnützige GmbH, Dresdnerstr. 89/B1/18, 1200 Wien, Austria;
| | - Nicolas Gengler
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (N.G.); (H.S.)
| | - Frédéric Dehareng
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), 24 Chaussée de Namur, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (O.S.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Hélène Soyeurt
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (N.G.); (H.S.)
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Werner A, Clark JE, Samaranayake C, Casement J, Zinad HS, Sadeq S, Al-Hashimi S, Smith M, Kotaja N, Mattick JS. Widespread formation of double-stranded RNAs in testis. Genome Res 2021; 31:1174-1186. [PMID: 34158368 PMCID: PMC8256860 DOI: 10.1101/gr.265603.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The testis transcriptome is highly complex and includes RNAs that potentially hybridize to form double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). We isolated dsRNA using the monoclonal J2 antibody and deep-sequenced the enriched samples from testes of juvenile Dicer1 knockout mice, age-matched controls, and adult animals. Comparison of our data set with recently published data from mouse liver revealed that the dsRNA transcriptome in testis is markedly different from liver: In testis, dsRNA-forming transcripts derive from mRNAs including promoters and immediate downstream regions, whereas in somatic cells they originate more often from introns and intergenic transcription. The genes that generate dsRNA are significantly expressed in isolated male germ cells with particular enrichment in pachytene spermatocytes. dsRNA formation is lower on the sex (X and Y) chromosomes. The dsRNA transcriptome is significantly less complex in juvenile mice as compared to adult controls and, possibly as a consequence, the knockout of Dicer1 has only a minor effect on the total number of transcript peaks associated with dsRNA. The comparison between dsRNA-associated genes in testis and liver with a reported set of genes that produce endogenous siRNAs reveals a significant overlap in testis but not in liver. Testis dsRNAs also significantly associate with natural antisense genes-again, this feature is not observed in liver. These findings point to a testis-specific mechanism involving natural antisense transcripts and the formation of dsRNAs that feed into the RNA interference pathway, possibly to mitigate the mutagenic impacts of recombination and transposon mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - James E Clark
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Calum Samaranayake
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - John Casement
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Hany S Zinad
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Shaymaa Sadeq
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
- Fallujah College of Medicine, Al-Fallujah University, Al-Fallujah, 9Q4V+H3, Iraq
| | - Surar Al-Hashimi
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Smith
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Noora Kotaja
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FIN-20520, Finland
| | - John S Mattick
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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35
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Cohen R, Béchet S, Gelbert N, Frandji B, Vie Le Sage F, Thiebault G, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Werner A, Ouldali N, Levy C. New Approach to the Surveillance of Pediatric Infectious Diseases From Ambulatory Pediatricians in the Digital Era. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021; 40:674-680. [PMID: 33657594 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many ambulatory networks in several countries have established syndromic surveillance systems to detect outbreaks of different illnesses. Here, we describe a new Pediatric and Ambulatory Research in Infectious diseases network that combined automated data extraction from the computers of primary care pediatricians. METHODS Pediatricians who used the same software, AxiSanté 5-Infansoft for electronic medical records were specially trained in infectious diseases, encouraged to comply with French treatments' recommendations, use of point-of-care tests and vaccination guidelines. Infectious disease diagnoses in children <16 years old in the records triggered automatic data extraction of complete records. A quality control process and external validation were developed. RESULTS From September 2017 to February 2020, 107 pediatricians enrolled 57,806 children (mean age 2.9 ± 2.6 years at diagnosis) with at least one infectious disease diagnosis among those followed by the network. Among the 118,193 diagnoses, the most frequent were acute otitis media (n = 44,924, 38.0%), tonsillopharyngitis (n = 13,334, 11.3%), gastroenteritis (n = 12,367, 10.5%), influenza (n = 11,062, 9.4%), bronchiolitis (n = 10,531, 8.9%), enteroviral infections (n = 8474, 7.2%) and chickenpox (n = 6857, 5.8%). A rapid diagnostic test was performed in 84.7% of cases of tonsillopharyngitis and was positive in 44%. The antibiotic recommendations from French guidelines were strictly followed: amoxicillin was the most prescribed antibiotic and less than 10% of presumed viral infections were treated. CONCLUSIONS This "tailor-made" network set up with quality controls and external validation represents a new approach to the surveillance of pediatric infectious diseases in the digital era and could highly optimize pediatric practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne
| | - Nathalie Gelbert
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | | | | | - Georges Thiebault
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Fabienne Kochert
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | | | - Andreas Werner
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Naim Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne
- Unité d'épidémiologie clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- From the AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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36
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Sammito S, Müller GPJ, Erley OM, Werner A. Impact of in-flight use of FFP2 masks on oxygen saturation: an experimental crossover study. J Travel Med 2021; 28:6129654. [PMID: 33550418 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was able to show in a crossover design that neither at resting conditions nor during a simulated 80 min flight wearing the examined FFP2 face mask leads to changes in the SpO2, the heart rate or the parameters of the capillary blood gas analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sammito
- German Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany.,Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas Werner
- German Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany.,Universitätsmedizin Charité Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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37
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Mendt S, Brauns K, Friedl-Werner A, Belavy DL, Steinach M, Schlabs T, Werner A, Gunga HC, Stahn AC. Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature. Front Physiol 2021; 12:658707. [PMID: 34040542 PMCID: PMC8141791 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.658707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight can be associated with sleep loss and circadian misalignment as a result of non-24 h light-dark cycles, operational shifts in work/rest cycles, high workload under pressure, and psychological factors. Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) is an established model to mimic some of the physiological and psychological adaptions observed in spaceflight. Data on the effects of HDBR on circadian rhythms are scarce. To address this gap, we analyzed the change in the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in two 60-day HDBR studies sponsored by the European Space Agency [n = 13 men, age: 31.1 ± 8.2 years (M ± SD)]. CBT was recorded for 36 h using a non-invasive and validated dual-sensor heatflux technology during the 3rd and the 8th week of HDBR. Bed rest induced a significant phase delay from the 3rd to the 8th week of HDBR (16.23 vs. 16.68 h, p = 0.005, g = 0.85) irrespective of the study site (p = 0.416, g = −0.46), corresponding to an average phase delay of about 0.9 min per day of HDBR. In conclusion, long-term bed rest weakens the entrainment of the circadian system to the 24-h day. We attribute this effect to the immobilization and reduced physical activity levels associated with HDBR. Given the critical role of diurnal rhythms for various physiological functions and behavior, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring circadian rhythms in circumstances in which gravity or physical activity levels are altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mendt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Brauns
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Friedl-Werner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,INSERM U 1075 COMETE, Université de Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Daniel L Belavy
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Muscle and Bone Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Steinach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlabs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Werner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Air Force - Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Aviation Physiology Training Centre, Aviation Physiology Diagnostic and Research, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander C Stahn
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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38
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Abstract
The birth of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is closely associated with the presence and activation of repetitive elements in the genome. The transcription of endogenous retroviruses as well as long and short interspersed elements is not only essential for evolving lncRNAs but is also a significant source of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). From an lncRNA-centric point of view, the latter is a minor source of bother in the context of the entire cell; however, dsRNA is an essential threat. A viral infection is associated with cytoplasmic dsRNA, and endogenous RNA hybrids only differ from viral dsRNA by the 5' cap structure. Hence, a multi-layered defense network is in place to protect cells from viral infections but tolerates endogenous dsRNA structures. A first line of defense is established with compartmentalization; whereas endogenous dsRNA is found predominantly confined to the nucleus and the mitochondria, exogenous dsRNA reaches the cytoplasm. Here, various sensor proteins recognize features of dsRNA including the 5' phosphate group of viral RNAs or hybrids with a particular length but not specific nucleotide sequences. The sensors trigger cellular stress pathways and innate immunity via interferon signaling but also induce apoptosis via caspase activation. Because of its central role in viral recognition and immune activation, dsRNA sensing is implicated in autoimmune diseases and used to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.S.); (S.A.-H.); (C.M.C.)
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39
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Bezy S, Orlowska M, Van Craenenbroeck A, Cvijic M, Duchenne J, Puvrez A, Werner A, Meijers B, Voigt JU. The influence of hemodialysis-induced preload changes on the propagation speed of natural shear waves. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO)
Background
Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a novel ultrasound technique based on the detection of transverse waves travelling through the myocardium using high frame rate echocardiography. The propagation speed of these shear waves is dependent on the stiffness of the myocardium. Previous studies have shown the potential of SWE for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial stiffness. It is unclear, however, if preload changes lead to measurable changes in the shear wave propagation speed in the left ventricle. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, the volume status is acutely changed. In this way, the effect of preload changes on shear wave speed can be assessed.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the influence of preload changes on end-diastolic shear wave propagation speed.
Methods
Until now, 6 patients (age: 80[53-85] years; female: n = 2) receiving hemodialysis treatment were included. Echocardiographic images were taken before and every hour during a 4 hour hemodialysis session. Left ventricular parasternal long-axis views were acquired with an experimental high frame rate ultrasound scanner (average frame rate: 1016[941-1310] Hz). Standard echocardiography was performed with a conventional ultrasound machine. Shear waves were visualized on tissue acceleration maps by drawing an M-mode line along the interventricular septum. Shear wave propagation speed after mitral valve closure (MVC) was calculated by measuring the slope of the wave pattern on the acceleration maps (Figure A).
Results
Over the course of hemodialysis, the systolic (141[135-156] mmHg vs. 165[105-176] mmHg; p = 0.35 among groups) and diastolic blood pressure (70[66-75] mmHg vs. 82[63-84] mmHg; p = 0.21 among groups), heart rate (56[54-73] bmp vs. 57[50-67] bpm; p = 0.76 among groups), E/A ratio (1.6[0.7-1.8] vs. 1.2[0.6-1.4]; p = 0.43 among groups) and E/e’ (14[9-15] vs. 9[8-13]; p = 0.24 among groups ) remained the same. The ultra-filtrated volumes are shown in Figure B. The shear wave propagation speed after MVC gradually decreased during hemodialysis (6.7[5.4-9.7] m/s vs. 4.4[3.6-9.0] m/s; p = 0.04 among groups) (Figure C). There was a moderate negative correlation between shear wave speed and the ultra-filtrated volume (r=-0.63; p < 0.01) (Figure D).
Conclusion
The shear wave propagation speed at MVC significantly decreased over the course of hemodialysis and correlated to the ultra-filtrated volume. These results indicate that alterations in left ventricular preload affect the speed of shear waves at end-diastole. End-diastolic shear wave speed might therefore be a potential novel parameter for the evaluation of the left ventricular filling state. More patients will be included in the future to further explore these findings.
Abstract Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bezy
- KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Bischof O, Schwamborn K, Martin N, Werner A, Sustmann C, Grosschedl R, Dejean A. Retraction Notice to: The E3 SUMO Ligase PIASy Is a Regulator of Cellular Senescence and Apoptosis. Mol Cell 2020; 80:1140. [PMID: 33338405 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Müller D, Knoll C, Gravogl G, Lager D, Welch JM, Eitenberger E, Friedbacher G, Werner A, Artner W, Harasek M, Miletich R, Weinberger P. CuSO 4/[Cu(NH 3) 4]SO 4-Composite Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10122485. [PMID: 33322267 PMCID: PMC7763518 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The thermochemical energy-storage material couple CuSO4/[Cu(NH3)4]SO4 combines full reversibility, application in a medium temperature interval (<350 °C), and fast liberation of stored heat. During reaction with ammonia, a large change in the sulfate solid-state structure occurs, resulting in a 2.6-fold expansion of the bulk material due to NH3 uptake. In order to limit this volume work, as well as enhance the thermal conductivity of the solid material, several composites of anhydrous CuSO4 with inorganic inert support materials were prepared and characterized with regard to their energy storage density, reversibility of the storage reaction, thermal conductivity, and particle morphology. The best thermochemical energy storage properties were obtained for a 10:1 CuSO4-sepiolite composite, combining an attractive energy storage density with slightly improved thermal conductivity and decreased bulk volume work compared to the pure salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Müller
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (P.W.); Tel.: +43-1-58801-163740 (D.M.); +43-1-58801-163617 (P.W.)
| | - Christian Knoll
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (G.G.)
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Biological Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Georg Gravogl
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (G.G.)
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Daniel Lager
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 2, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Jan M. Welch
- Center for Labelling and Isotope Production, TRIGA Center Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Elisabeth Eitenberger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (G.F.)
| | - Gernot Friedbacher
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (G.F.)
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute for Energy Systems and Thermodynamics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Werner Artner
- X-ray Center, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael Harasek
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Biological Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Ronald Miletich
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Peter Weinberger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (P.W.); Tel.: +43-1-58801-163740 (D.M.); +43-1-58801-163617 (P.W.)
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Leeuwenkamp O, Smith-Palmer J, Ortiz R, Werner A, Valentine W, Blachier M, Walter T. Cost-effectiveness of Lutetium [ 177Lu] oxodotreotide versus best supportive care with octreotide in patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumors in France. J Med Econ 2020; 23:1534-1541. [PMID: 32990484 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1830286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In France, there are approximately 2,400 new cases of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) annually. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-Dotatate plus long-acting repeatable [LAR] octreotide 30 mg has been shown to significantly improve progression-free survival and overall survival relative to high-dose octreotide LAR 60 mg in patients with unresectable or metastatic progressive midgut NETs. A long-term cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to assess whether 177Lu-Dotatate is a cost-effective option versus octreotide 60 mg for patients with unresectable/metastatic progressive midgut NETs from the perspective of French healthcare payer. METHODS The analysis was performed using a three-state partitioned survival model. In the base case analysis 177Lu-Dotatate plus octreotide LAR 30 mg was compared with high-dose octreotide LAR 60 mg in patients with midgut NETs. Survival data were obtained from the phase III NETTER-1 trial in patients with metastatic midgut NETs. Future costs and clinical outcomes were discounted at 4% per annum. One-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS In the base case analysis, for patients with midgut NETs, 177Lu-Dotatate treatment improved quality-adjusted life expectancy by 1.21 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) relative to octreotide LAR 60 mg and the lifetime treatment costs were EUR 50,784 higher with 177Lu-Dotatate resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of EUR 42,106 per QALY gained versus octreotide LAR 60 mg. When compared with everolimus, 177Lu-Dotatate was associated with an ICER of EUR 59,769 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analyses showed that the results were sensitive to methods used to extrapolate survival data. CONCLUSIONS For patients with advanced progressive midgut NETs 177Lu-Dotatate is likely to be considered a cost-effective option versus octreotide 60 mg from the perspective of the French healthcare payer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Leeuwenkamp
- Advanced Accelerator Applications, a Novartis Company, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Smith-Palmer
- Ossian Health Economics and Communications, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Ortiz
- Advanced Accelerator Applications, a Novartis Company, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Werner
- Advanced Accelerator Applications, a Novartis company, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - W Valentine
- Ossian Health Economics and Communications, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - T Walter
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Édouard-Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Van Zeeland M, Westhoff P, Wauters C, Bult P, Werner A, Laurens N, Strobbe L, Meijer H. PO-0973: Axillary lymph node dissection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Drews T, Nehring M, Werner A, Hummel T. The sense of smell is not strongly affected by ambient temperature and humidity: a prospective study in a controlled environment. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 278:1465-1469. [PMID: 33094385 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The sense of smell is dependent on environmental conditions. In this study, we analysed the effect of temperature and humidity on the ability to smell. METHODS Using the controlled setting of a hypobaric climate chamber 50 healthy participants (40 men, 10 women; mean age of 33 years) completed repeated testing in 4 different settings-cold/dry, cold/humid, warm/dry, warm/humid. The temperatures were 20-35 °C, respectively, and the humidity was set at 30-75%. Testing was performed using the "Sniffin' Sticks" test battery (odour threshold, discrimination and identification) in a semi-randomised order and in controlled atmospheric pressure conditions. RESULTS The analysis showed that neither temperature nor humidity had a significant effect on olfactory test results. This indicates that olfactory functions in healthy, young subjects with an excellent sense of smell are not strongly affected by temporary changes in environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Drews
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technische Universität Dresden, Technical University of Dresden Medical School, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin, Scharnhorststr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - M Nehring
- German Air Force Center for Aerospace Medicine, Steinborner Str. 43, 01936, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - A Werner
- German Air Force Center for Aerospace Medicine, Steinborner Str. 43, 01936, Königsbrück, Germany
| | - T Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technische Universität Dresden, Technical University of Dresden Medical School, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Burns D, Werner A. Phosphate reabsorption in the kidney: NaPi-IIb or not IIb. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:437-438. [PMID: 32236864 PMCID: PMC7165134 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Burns
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andreas Werner
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Werner A, Holsinger C, Guiquerro S, Guttierez-Fonseca R, Laccourreye O. Laryngology in the mirror of its eponyms. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2019; 136:517-520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rienesl L, Khayatzadeh N, Köck A, Dale L, Werner A, Grelet C, Gengler N, Auer FJ, Egger-Danner C, Massart X, Sölkner J. Mastitis Detection from Milk Mid-Infrared (MIR) Spectroscopy in Dairy Cows. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2019. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967051221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Tierney AJ, MacKillop I, Rosenbloom T, Werner A. Post-feeding behavior in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): Description of an invertebrate behavioral satiety sequence. Physiol Behav 2019; 213:112720. [PMID: 31639378 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that food consumption induces the behavioral satiety sequence (BSS) in some animals, a characteristic series of activities which include exploration, grooming, and resting. The BSS, while valuable in assessing the effects of drugs on food intake, has not been widely studied in non-mammalian species. Our experiment examined post-feeding behavior in crayfish using continuous recording of five behaviors: feeding, walking, grooming, leg wave, and quiescence. We found that food intake, but not sham feeding, significantly decreased feeding behavior, increased leg wave, and increased quiescence. Walking and grooming were not significantly altered by food intake. These findings indicate that post-feeding behaviors in crayfish share some characteristics with the mammalian BSS. Detailed descriptions of post-ingestive behavior in invertebrates may contribute to the development of drugs targeting feeding behaviors in medically and economically important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Tierney
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA.
| | - I MacKillop
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - T Rosenbloom
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - A Werner
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
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König F, Strauß A, Johannsen M, Mommsen C, Fricke E, Klier J, Mehl S, Pfister D, Sahlmann CO, Werner A, Goebell PJ. [Radium-223 for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) : The androgen receptor-independent active agent in the therapeutic sequence]. Urologe A 2019; 59:53-64. [PMID: 31598745 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-019-01052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radium-223 improves overall survival and preserves quality of life in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and symptomatic bone metastases and no known visceral metastases. Radium-223 can be used in combination with a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue and as part of a sequential treatment scheme if disease progresses after at least two prior lines of systemic mCRPC therapies or if no other available systemic treatment is eligible. OBJECTIVES Today physicians are faced with a previously unknown multitude and complexity of options for the treatment of mCRPC. An increasing number of clinical trials contribute to the dynamics of the therapeutic landscape. Radium-223 was approved for mCRPC treatment in 2013. Up to now the recommendations of use have been adjusted several times. Highlighting recent clinical trials and practice, this paper explores the position of radium-223 within the therapeutic sequence and outlines key elements for the interdisciplinary cooperation between uro-oncologists and nuclear medicine specialists. RESULTS The mode of action of radium-223 does not depend on the androgen receptor (AR) pathway. Thus, it is an option in the therapeutic sequence when the efficacy of other agents is reduced by resistance. Furthermore, the efficacy of prior or subsequent medications are neither reduced nor enhanced by radium-223. The opportunity of an AR-independent and survival-prolonging medication should be taken as soon as the indication criteria are met because the incidence of visceral metastases increases during disease progression. According to current mCRPC guidelines, the osteoprotective use of bisphosphonates or denosumab is recommended, before treatment with radium-223 is started or resumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F König
- ATURO, Fachärzte für Urologie und Andrologie, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Strauß
- Klinik für Urologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - M Johannsen
- Urologische Facharztpraxis PD Dr. M. Johannsen & T. Laux, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Mommsen
- Praxen für diagnostische und therapeutische Nuklearmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - E Fricke
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum Lippe, Lemgo, Deutschland
| | - J Klier
- Urologie Bayenthal, Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr. J. Klier & Dr. T. Strunk, Köln, Deutschland
| | - S Mehl
- Praxen für diagnostische und therapeutische Nuklearmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - D Pfister
- Klinik für Urologie, Uro-Onkologie, spezielle urologische und Roboter-assistierte Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - C-O Sahlmann
- Abteilung Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - A Werner
- Radiologie Rhein-Neckar, Schwetzingen und Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - P J Goebell
- Urologische und Kinderurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
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Palmedo H, Eschmann S, Werner A, Selinski I, Möllers MO, Kalinovsky J, Benson A, Poeppel T. Pain evaluation in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with radium-223 (Ra-223) in the PARABO observation study. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz248.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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