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Rybak A, Assad Z, Levy C, Bonarcorsi S, Béchet S, Werner A, Wollner A, Valtuille Z, Kaguelidou F, Angoulvant F, Cohen R, Varon E, Ouldali N. Age-Specific Resurgence in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Incidence in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era and Its Association With Respiratory Virus and Pneumococcal Carriage Dynamics: A Time-Series Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:855-859. [PMID: 38059538 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using multiple national surveillance systems, we found an increase in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease during after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19, which strongly varied by age. Age groups with higher incidence of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza also experienced higher increase in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence, with no change in pneumococcal carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Eceve Inserm UMR-S 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Bonarcorsi
- Microbiology Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité Mixte de Recherche S1138), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Cohen R, Levy C. Immune debt or immune shortage: The controversy continues - "Season 3 episode 1". Infect Dis Now 2024; 54:104897. [PMID: 38552879 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Université Paris Est, IMRB- GRC GEMINI, 94000, Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 31 Rue Le Corbusier, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Université Paris Est, IMRB- GRC GEMINI, 94000, Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 31 Rue Le Corbusier, 94000 Créteil, France.
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Kovacevic A, Smith DRM, Rahbé E, Novelli S, Henriot P, Varon E, Cohen R, Levy C, Temime L, Opatowski L. Exploring factors shaping antibiotic resistance patterns in Streptococcus pneumoniae during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. eLife 2024; 13:e85701. [PMID: 38451256 PMCID: PMC10923560 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented to block SARS-CoV-2 transmission in early 2020 led to global reductions in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). By contrast, most European countries reported an increase in antibiotic resistance among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from 2019 to 2020, while an increasing number of studies reported stable pneumococcal carriage prevalence over the same period. To disentangle the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on pneumococcal epidemiology in the community setting, we propose a mathematical model formalizing simultaneous transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant strains of S. pneumoniae. To test hypotheses underlying these trends five mechanisms were built into the model and examined: (1) a population-wide reduction of antibiotic prescriptions in the community, (2) lockdown effect on pneumococcal transmission, (3) a reduced risk of developing an IPD due to the absence of common respiratory viruses, (4) community azithromycin use in COVID-19 infected individuals, (5) and a longer carriage duration of antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal strains. Among 31 possible pandemic scenarios involving mechanisms individually or in combination, model simulations surprisingly identified only two scenarios that reproduced the reported trends in the general population. They included factors (1), (3), and (4). These scenarios replicated a nearly 50% reduction in annual IPD, and an increase in antibiotic resistance from 20% to 22%, all while maintaining a relatively stable pneumococcal carriage. Exploring further, higher SARS-CoV-2 R0 values and synergistic within-host virus-bacteria interaction mechanisms could have additionally contributed to the observed antibiotic resistance increase. Our work demonstrates the utility of the mathematical modeling approach in unraveling the complex effects of the COVID-19 pandemic responses on AMR dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kovacevic
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE) unitParisFrance
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Inserm U1018, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology teamMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance
| | - David RM Smith
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE) unitParisFrance
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Inserm U1018, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology teamMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance
- Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire national des arts et métiersParisFrance
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Eve Rahbé
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE) unitParisFrance
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Inserm U1018, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology teamMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance
| | - Sophie Novelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Inserm U1018, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology teamMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance
| | - Paul Henriot
- Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire national des arts et métiersParisFrance
- PACRI unit, Institut Pasteur, Conservatoire national des arts et métiersParisFrance
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Centre National de Référence des Pneumocoques, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance
| | - Robert Cohen
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000CréteilFrance
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200NiceFrance
- Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier, Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000CréteilFrance
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000OrléansFrance
| | - Corinne Levy
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000CréteilFrance
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200NiceFrance
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000CréteilFrance
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000OrléansFrance
| | - Laura Temime
- Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire national des arts et métiersParisFrance
- PACRI unit, Institut Pasteur, Conservatoire national des arts et métiersParisFrance
| | - Lulla Opatowski
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE) unitParisFrance
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Inserm U1018, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology teamMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance
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Cohen R, Levy C. Could the changes of immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 infections explain the rebound of infectious disease after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions? Infect Dis Now 2024; 54:104836. [PMID: 37984512 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Université Paris Est, IMRB- GRC GEMINI, 94000 Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Université Paris Est, IMRB- GRC GEMINI, 94000 Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, France.
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Rybak A, Ouldali N, Varon E, Taha MK, Bonacorsi S, Béchet S, Angoulvant F, Cohen R, Levy C. Vaccine-preventable Pediatric Acute Bacterial Meningitis in France: A Time Series Analysis of a 19-Year Prospective National Surveillance Network. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:74-83. [PMID: 38108805 PMCID: PMC10723767 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In France, vaccination has been implemented against Hi serotype b (Hib), pneumococcus with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC). These interventions with different coverage and uptake have disrupted the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable acute bacterial meningitis (ABM). METHODS We analyzed data from a French prospective surveillance network of ABM in children ≤15 years old enrolled by 259 pediatric wards (estimated national coverage: 61%). From 2001 to 2020, the effect of vaccine implementation was estimated with segmented linear regression. RESULTS We analyzed 7,186 cases, mainly due to meningococcus (35.0%), pneumococcus (29.8%), and Hi (3.7%). MenC ABM incidence decreased (-0.12%/month, 95% CI: -0.17 to -0.07, P < 0.001) with no change for the overall meningococcal ABM when comparing the pre-MenC vaccination and the post-MenC vaccination trends. Despite a decreasing MenB ABM incidence without a vaccination program (-0.43%/month, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.34, P < 0.001), 68.3% of meningococcal ABM involved MenB. No change in pneumococcal ABM incidence was observed after the PCV7 recommendation. By contrast, this incidence significantly decreased after the switch to PCV13 (-0.9%/month, 95% CI: -1.6 to -0.2%, P = 0.01). After May 2014, a rebound occurred (0.5%/month, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8%, P < 0.001), with 89.5% of non-PCV13 vaccine serotypes. Hib ABM incidence increased after June 2017. CONCLUSIONS PCV7 and MenC vaccine introduction in France, with slow vaccine uptake and low coverage, had no to little impact as compared to the switch from PCV7 to PCV13, which occurred when coverage was optimal. Our data suggest that MenB and next-generation PCVs could prevent a large part of the ABM incidence in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- ECEVE, Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, UMR S-1123, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Laboratory of Microbiology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Muhamed-Kheir Taha
- Invasive Bacterial Infections Unit and National Reference Centre for Meningococci and Haemophilus Influenzae, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- HeKA, Inria Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
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Assad Z, Valtuille Z, Rybak A, Kaguelidou F, Lazzati A, Varon E, Pham LL, Lenglart L, Faye A, Caseris M, Cohen R, Levy C, Vabret A, Gravey F, Angoulvant F, Koehl B, Ouldali N. Unique Changes in the Incidence of Acute Chest Syndrome in Children With Sickle Cell Disease Unravel the Role of Respiratory Pathogens: A Time Series Analysis. Chest 2024; 165:150-160. [PMID: 37544426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.07.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). Although respiratory pathogens are frequently detected in children with ACS, their respective role in triggering the disease is still unclear. We hypothesized that the incidence of ACS followed the unprecedented population-level changes in respiratory pathogen dynamics after COVID-19-related nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). RESEARCH QUESTION What is the respective role of respiratory pathogens in ACS epidemiology? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study was an interrupted time series analysis of patient records from a national hospital-based surveillance system. All children aged < 18 years with SCD hospitalized for ACS in France between January 2015 and May 2022 were included. The monthly incidence of ACS per 1,000 children with SCD over time was analyzed by using a quasi-Poisson regression model. The circulation of 12 respiratory pathogens in the general pediatric population over the same period was included in the model to assess the fraction of ACS potentially attributable to each respiratory pathogen. RESULTS Among the 55,941 hospitalizations of children with SCD, 2,306 episodes of ACS were included (median [interquartile range] age, 9 [5-13] years). A significant decrease was observed in ACS incidence after NPI implementation in March 2020 (-29.5%; 95% CI, -46.8 to -12.2; P = .001) and a significant increase after lifting of the NPIs in April 2021 (24.4%; 95% CI, 7.2 to 41.6; P = .007). Using population-level incidence of several respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae accounted for 30.9% (95% CI, 4.9 to 56.9; P = .02) of ACS incidence over the study period and influenza 6.8% (95% CI, 2.3 to 11.3; P = .004); other respiratory pathogens had only a minor role. INTERPRETATION NPIs were associated with significant changes in ACS incidence concomitantly with major changes in the circulation of several respiratory pathogens in the general population. This unique epidemiologic situation allowed determination of the contribution of these respiratory pathogens, in particular S pneumoniae and influenza, to the burden of childhood ACS, highlighting the potential benefit of vaccine prevention in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; EA7323 Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutic Assessment, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; EA7323 Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutic Assessment, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Lazzati
- Department of General Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Luu-Ly Pham
- INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Department of General Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Léa Lenglart
- INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- Department of Virology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France; Univ Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1311, DYNAMICURE, Caen, France
| | - François Gravey
- Univ Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1311, DYNAMICURE, Caen, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Paris Sorbonne University, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Koehl
- Department of Child Hematology, Reference Center for Sickle-Cell Disease, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR S1134, Integrated Biology of Red Blood Cells, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Cohen R, Haas H, Romain O, Béchet S, Romain C, de Lays CDT, Wollner A, Guiheneuf C, de Pontual L, Levy C. Use of Rapid Antigen Triple Test Nasal Swabs (COVID-VIRO ALL-IN TRIPLEX: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Influenza) in Children With Respiratory Symptoms: A Real-life Prospective Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofad617. [PMID: 38173847 PMCID: PMC10764097 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In autumn 2022, the epidemics due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza overlapped, and these diseases can present with the same symptomatology. The use of a triple antigen test (SARS-CoV-2 + influenza A/B + RSV) seems crucial for accurate viral diagnosis in the context of implementing long-acting monoclonal antibody vaccination against RSV in the upcoming RSV season. Methods We assessed the usefulness of the triple test in real life in this prospective study performed from October 2022 to May 2023 and involving 116 pediatricians (2 emergency department pediatricians and 114 ambulatory pediatricians). Children <15 years old with flu-like illness (with fever), bronchiolitis (dyspnea ± wheezing), otitis, and croup were enrolled and sampled with a nasal triple test. Results For 8329 children with flu-like illness (65.3%), bronchiolitis (17.9%), otitis (8.8%), and croup (6.3%), the use of the triple test led to a viral diagnosis in 47.9% of cases. The highest RSV positivity occurred in children with bronchiolitis (32.9%). The highest influenza A and B positivity (24.6% and 19.6%) occurred in children with flu-like illness. A succession of 3 epidemics (RSV and influenza A and B) occurred over time with several overlap periods. Conclusions The triple test allowed for a viral diagnosis in half of our cases. The upcoming introduction of RSV prevention will emphasize the need for active surveillance with viral results both in ambulatory settings and hospitals. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT0441231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Pediatric Department, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique, Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
- Pediatric Department, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - Hervé Haas
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
- Service de pédiatrie, Hôpital Princesse Grace, Monaco
| | - Olivier Romain
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Pediatric Department, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Pediatric Department, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Romain
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - Camille de Truchis de Lays
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
- Service de pédiatrie, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- Pediatric Department, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Pediatric Department, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Cécile Guiheneuf
- Pediatric Department, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Loic de Pontual
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
- Service de pédiatrie, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Pediatric Department, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique, Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
- Pediatric Department, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
- Pediatric Department, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
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8
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Levy C, Pettoello-Mantovani M, Somekh E, Cohen R. Reassessing the Paradigm for Respiratory Tract Infections in European Children. J Pediatr 2024; 264:113775. [PMID: 37839507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française des Pédiatres Ambulatoires, Paris, France; European Pediatric Association-Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani
- European Pediatric Association-Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany; Italian Academy of Pediatrics, Milan, Italy.
| | - Eli Somekh
- European Pediatric Association-Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Mayanei Hayeshuah Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française des Pédiatres Ambulatoires, Paris, France; European Pediatric Association-Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Rybak A, Cohen R, Kramer R, Béchet S, Delobbe JF, Dagrenat V, Vié Le Sage F, Deberdt P, Wollner A, Bangert M, Levy C. Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Outpatient Children with Bronchiolitis: Continuous Virus Circulation During the Nonepidemic Period. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023; 42:e488-e490. [PMID: 37967149 PMCID: PMC10629605 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to estimate the respiratory syncytial virus positivity rate among ambulatory children with bronchiolitis according to the bronchiolitis epidemic period as defined by the French Public Health Institute. The positivity rate was 28.9% during the nonepidemic period and 50.6% during the epidemic period, which suggests continuous virus circulation between bronchiolitis annual peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- From the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pediatric Emergency, Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France
- Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- From the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommuncal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | | | - Stéphane Béchet
- From the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | - Patrice Deberdt
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- From the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France
| | | | - Corinne Levy
- From the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommuncal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
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10
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Assad Z, Cohen R, Varon E, Levy C, Bechet S, Corrard F, Werner A, Ouldali N, Bonacorsi S, Rybak A. Antibiotic Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Children with Acute Otitis Media and in Middle Ear Fluid from Otorrhea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1605. [PMID: 37998807 PMCID: PMC10668799 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is one of the leading bacteria implicated in childhood acute otitis media (AOM). Recent concerns have been raised about the emergence of Hi-resistant strains. We aimed to analyze the evolution of β-lactam resistance to Hi among strains isolated from nasopharyngeal carriage in children with AOM and in mild ear fluid (MEF) after the spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) in France. In this national ambulatory-based cohort study over 16 years, we analyzed the rate of Hi nasopharyngeal carriage and the proportion of β-lactam-resistant Hi strains over time using a segmented linear regression model. Among the 13,865 children (median [IQR] age, 12.7 [9.3-17.3] months; 7400 [53.4%] male) with AOM included from November 2006 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 7311 (52.7%) children by nasopharyngeal sampling. The proportion of β-lactamase-producing and β-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) Hi strains in nasopharyngeal carriage remained stable during the study period. Among the 783 children (median [IQR] age, 20 [12.3-37.8] months; 409 [52.2%] male) with SPTM included from October 2015 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 177 (22.6%) cases by MEF sampling. The proportions of β-lactamase-producing and BLNAR Hi strains did not significantly differ between nasopharyngeal (17.6% and 8.8%, respectively) and MEF (12.6% and 7.4%) samples. Accordingly, amoxicillin remains a valid recommendation as the first-line drug for AOM in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Robert Cohen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Corinne Levy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Bechet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - François Corrard
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
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11
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Huss G, Barak S, Reali L, Magendie C, Carrasco-Sanz A, Somekh E, Cohen R, Levy C, Namazova-Baranova L, Vural M, Pettoello-Mantovani M. Drug Shortages in Pediatrics in Europe: The Position of the European Pediatric Societies. J Pediatr 2023; 261:113472. [PMID: 37182656 PMCID: PMC10175075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gottfried Huss
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France
| | - Shimon Barak
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France
| | - Laura Reali
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France
| | | | - Angel Carrasco-Sanz
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France; European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eli Somekh
- European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Cohen
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France; European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinne Levy
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France; European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leyla Namazova-Baranova
- European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mehmet Vural
- European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani
- European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Ferrani S, Prazuck T, Béchet S, Lesne F, Cohen R, Levy C. Diagnostic accuracy of a rapid antigen triple test (SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza) using anterior nasal swabs versus multiplex RT-PCR in children in an emergency department. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104769. [PMID: 37572988 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In children, respiratory infections such as SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza share similar clinical signs and symptoms. Here we compared the performance of a rapid antigen diagnostic test using a self-collected anterior nasal swab (COVID-VIRO ALL IN TRIPLEX) and multiplex RT-PCR. METHODS From October to December 2022, in the emergency pediatrics unit of Orleans Hospital, France, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the triplex test. RESULTS For the 263 children, sensitivity of the test was 88.9% (95%CI 51.8-99.7), 79.1% (95%CI 64.0-90.0), and 91.6% (95%CI 84.1-96.3), for SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza, respectively. Specificity was 100% for each virus. For RT-PCR with cycle threshold < 32, sensitivity was 100.0% [95%CI 59.0-100.0], 87.2% [95%CI 72.6-95.7] and 92.3% [95%CI 84.896.9] for SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza respectively. CONCLUSIONS This easy-to-perform triplex test is a considerable advance, allowing clinicians to obtain an accurate diagnosis in most cases of respiratory infection. More data are needed to validate this test in different contexts and across several seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Fabien Lesne
- Département de biologie, CHR Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France; Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, France; GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Paris, France; Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, France; GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.
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13
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Levy C, Cohen R, Béchet S, Ravilly S, Werner A, Romain O, Guiso N. Pediatric ambulatory pertussis epidemiology in France, recent updates. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104727. [PMID: 37268040 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Following various changes in the vaccine strategy in 2013 and the mandatory vaccination in 2018, we aimed to analyze the vaccination status, age, and source of contamination of pertussis and parapertussis cases in outpatient surveillance. PATIENTS AND METHODS Confirmed pertussis and parapertussis cases were enrolled by 35 pediatricians. RESULTS From 2014 to 2022, 73 confirmed cases of pertussis (n = 65) and parapertussis (n = 8) were reported. For children below 6 years of age, the number of cases with a 2 + 1 schedule (n = 22) was higher than that of those with a 3 + 1 schedule (n = 7). The age of cases with a 3 + 1 or a 2 + 1 schedule was not significantly different (3.8y ± 1.4 vs 4.2y ± 1.5). The main source of contamination was either adults or adolescents. CONCLUSION Vaccination status and source of contamination are crucial to study the impact of vaccination recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.
| | - R Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - S Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - S Ravilly
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - A Werner
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - O Romain
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - N Guiso
- Independent Expert, Paris, France
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14
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Cohen R, Varon E, Bidet P, Cohen JF, Béchet S, Couloigner V, Michot AS, Guiheneuf C, Bonacorsi S, Levy C. Diagnostic Accuracy of Group A Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Detection Test on Middle Ear Fluid in Children With Acute Otitis Media With Spontaneous Perforation: A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023; 42:816-818. [PMID: 37368992 PMCID: PMC10417216 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus is one of the leading causes of otorrhea. The performance of rapid antigen tests in 256 children with otorrhea showed excellent sensitivity, 97.3% (95% confidence interval: 90.7%-99.7%), and specificity, 100% (95% confidence interval: 98.0%-100%). In a period of increasing invasive and noninvasive group A Streptococcus infections, an early diagnosis could be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France
- Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie F. Cohen
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (Inserm UMR 1153), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Vincent Couloigner
- Department of ENT, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Sylvestre Michot
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Cécile Guiheneuf
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France
- Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
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15
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Levy C, Cohen R. Infectious diseases in the COVID-19 era: gaps between countries. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:987-988. [PMID: 37141911 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Levy
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Créteil, France.
| | - Robert Cohen
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Créteil, France
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16
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Levy C, Varon E, Bidet P, Béchet S, Batard C, Wollner A, Thollot F, Bonacorsi S, Cohen R. Otorrhea bacterial profile, epidemiology before widespread use of the third-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in French children, a prospective study from 2015 to 2023. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104738. [PMID: 37331698 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the bacterial profile of middle ear fluid from spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) prior to widespread utilization of third- generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). PATIENTS AND METHODS From October 2015 to January 2023, children with SPTM were prospectively enrolled by pediatricians. RESULTS Among the 852 children with SPTM, 73.2% were less than 3 years old; more frequently than older children, they were and suffering from complex acute otitis media (AOM) (27.9%) and conjunctivitis (13.1%). In children under 3 years of age, NT Haemophilus influenzae (49.7%) was the main otopathogen isolated, particularly in those with complex AOM (57.1%). In children over 3 years of age, Group A Streptococcus accounted for 57%. In pneumococcal cases (25.1%), serotype 3 was the main serotype isolated (16.2%), followed by 23B (15.2%). CONCLUSION Our data from 2015 to 2023 represent a robust baseline preceding the widespread utilization of next-generation PCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France; Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Christophe Batard
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Franck Thollot
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France; Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
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17
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Cohen JF, Rybak A, Werner A, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Gelbert N, Vié Le Sage F, Batard C, Béchet S, Corbaux H, Frandji B, Levy C, Cohen R. Surveillance of noninvasive group A Streptococcus infections in French ambulatory pediatrics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective multicenter study from 2018-2022. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 134:135-141. [PMID: 37290573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the burden of noninvasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections in ambulatory pediatrics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. METHODS We analyzed data from a national network of ambulatory pediatricians between 2018 and 2022. Clinicians evaluating children ≤15 years old for tonsillopharyngitis, perianal infections, paronychia/blistering dactylitis, and scarlet fever were invited to perform a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) for GAS. Monthly incidence of noninvasive GAS infections per 10,000 visits was modeled using time series analysis, considering two breakpoints: March 2020 (first national lockdown) and March 2022 (end of mandatory mask-wearing in schools). RESULTS Over the study period, 125 pediatricians recorded 271,084 infectious episodes. GAS-related illnesses represented 4.3% of all infections. In March 2020, the incidence of GAS diseases decreased by 84.5% (P <0.001), with no significant trend until March 2022. After March 2022, the incidence significantly increased (+23.8% per month, P <0.001), with similar patterns across all monitored GAS-related diseases. CONCLUSION By using routine clinical data and RADTs, we have monitored changes in the incidence of noninvasive GAS infections in ambulatory pediatrics. COVID-19 mitigation measures have had a major impact on the epidemiology of noninvasive GAS infections, but their relaxation was followed by a surge above baseline levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie F Cohen
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (Inserm UMR 1153), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Pediatric Emergency Department, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE, Inserm UMR S-1123), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France.
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Kochert
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | | | - Nathalie Gelbert
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Batard
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Hippolyte Corbaux
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | | | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etudes des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (GEMINI), Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicale, Créteil, France.
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etudes des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (GEMINI), Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicale, Créteil, France
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18
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Cohen R, Bidet P, Varon E, Béchet S, Cohen JF, Bonacorsi S, Levy C. Unprecedentedly high rates of Group A Streptococcus nasopharyngeal carriage in infants and toddlers in France, 2022-2023. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104720. [PMID: 37196808 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- Université de Paris, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France; Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Jérémie F Cohen
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Inserm UMR1153 (CRESS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Université de Paris, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France; Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.
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19
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Aalbers J, Akerib DS, Akerlof CW, Al Musalhi AK, Alder F, Alqahtani A, Alsum SK, Amarasinghe CS, Ames A, Anderson TJ, Angelides N, Araújo HM, Armstrong JE, Arthurs M, Azadi S, Bailey AJ, Baker A, Balajthy J, Balashov S, Bang J, Bargemann JW, Barry MJ, Barthel J, Bauer D, Baxter A, Beattie K, Belle J, Beltrame P, Bensinger J, Benson T, Bernard EP, Bhatti A, Biekert A, Biesiadzinski TP, Birch HJ, Birrittella B, Blockinger GM, Boast KE, Boxer B, Bramante R, Brew CAJ, Brás P, Buckley JH, Bugaev VV, Burdin S, Busenitz JK, Buuck M, Cabrita R, Carels C, Carlsmith DL, Carlson B, Carmona-Benitez MC, Cascella M, Chan C, Chawla A, Chen H, Cherwinka JJ, Chott NI, Cole A, Coleman J, Converse MV, Cottle A, Cox G, Craddock WW, Creaner O, Curran D, Currie A, Cutter JE, Dahl CE, David A, Davis J, Davison TJR, Delgaudio J, Dey S, de Viveiros L, Dobi A, Dobson JEY, Druszkiewicz E, Dushkin A, Edberg TK, Edwards WR, Elnimr MM, Emmet WT, Eriksen SR, Faham CH, Fan A, Fayer S, Fearon NM, Fiorucci S, Flaecher H, Ford P, Francis VB, Fraser ED, Fruth T, Gaitskell RJ, Gantos NJ, Garcia D, Geffre A, Gehman VM, Genovesi J, Ghag C, Gibbons R, Gibson E, Gilchriese MGD, Gokhale S, Gomber B, Green J, Greenall A, Greenwood S, van der Grinten MGD, Gwilliam CB, Hall CR, Hans S, Hanzel K, Harrison A, Hartigan-O'Connor E, Haselschwardt SJ, Hernandez MA, Hertel SA, Heuermann G, Hjemfelt C, Hoff MD, Holtom E, Hor JYK, Horn M, Huang DQ, Hunt D, Ignarra CM, Jacobsen RG, Jahangir O, James RS, Jeffery SN, Ji W, Johnson J, Kaboth AC, Kamaha AC, Kamdin K, Kasey V, Kazkaz K, Keefner J, Khaitan D, Khaleeq M, Khazov A, Khurana I, Kim YD, Kocher CD, Kodroff D, Korley L, Korolkova EV, Kras J, Kraus H, Kravitz S, Krebs HJ, Kreczko L, Krikler B, Kudryavtsev VA, Kyre S, Landerud B, Leason EA, Lee C, Lee J, Leonard DS, Leonard R, Lesko KT, Levy C, Li J, Liao FT, Liao J, Lin J, Lindote A, Linehan R, Lippincott WH, Liu R, Liu X, Liu Y, Loniewski C, Lopes MI, Lopez Asamar E, López Paredes B, Lorenzon W, Lucero D, Luitz S, Lyle JM, Majewski PA, Makkinje J, Malling DC, Manalaysay A, Manenti L, Mannino RL, Marangou N, Marzioni MF, Maupin C, McCarthy ME, McConnell CT, McKinsey DN, McLaughlin J, Meng Y, Migneault J, Miller EH, Mizrachi E, Mock JA, Monte A, Monzani ME, Morad JA, Morales Mendoza JD, Morrison E, Mount BJ, Murdy M, Murphy ASJ, Naim D, Naylor A, Nedlik C, Nehrkorn C, Neves F, Nguyen A, Nikoleyczik JA, Nilima A, O'Dell J, O'Neill FG, O'Sullivan K, Olcina I, Olevitch MA, Oliver-Mallory KC, Orpwood J, Pagenkopf D, Pal S, Palladino KJ, Palmer J, Pangilinan M, Parveen N, Patton SJ, Pease EK, Penning B, Pereira C, Pereira G, Perry E, Pershing T, Peterson IB, Piepke A, Podczerwinski J, Porzio D, Powell S, Preece RM, Pushkin K, Qie Y, Ratcliff BN, Reichenbacher J, Reichhart L, Rhyne CA, Richards A, Riffard Q, Rischbieter GRC, Rodrigues JP, Rodriguez A, Rose HJ, Rosero R, Rossiter P, Rushton T, Rutherford G, Rynders D, Saba JS, Santone D, Sazzad ABMR, Schnee RW, Scovell PR, Seymour D, Shaw S, Shutt T, Silk JJ, Silva C, Sinev G, Skarpaas K, Skulski W, Smith R, Solmaz M, Solovov VN, Sorensen P, Soria J, Stancu I, Stark MR, Stevens A, Stiegler TM, Stifter K, Studley R, Suerfu B, Sumner TJ, Sutcliffe P, Swanson N, Szydagis M, Tan M, Taylor DJ, Taylor R, Taylor WC, Temples DJ, Tennyson BP, Terman PA, Thomas KJ, Tiedt DR, Timalsina M, To WH, Tomás A, Tong Z, Tovey DR, Tranter J, Trask M, Tripathi M, Tronstad DR, Tull CE, Turner W, Tvrznikova L, Utku U, Va'vra J, Vacheret A, Vaitkus AC, Verbus JR, Voirin E, Waldron WL, Wang A, Wang B, Wang JJ, Wang W, Wang Y, Watson JR, Webb RC, White A, White DT, White JT, White RG, Whitis TJ, Williams M, Wisniewski WJ, Witherell MS, Wolfs FLH, Wolfs JD, Woodford S, Woodward D, Worm SD, Wright CJ, Xia Q, Xiang X, Xiao Q, Xu J, Yeh M, Yin J, Young I, Zarzhitsky P, Zuckerman A, Zweig EA. First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:041002. [PMID: 37566836 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60 live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis shows the data to be consistent with a background-only hypothesis, setting new limits on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon, spin-dependent WIMP-neutron, and spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross sections for WIMP masses above 9 GeV/c^{2}. The most stringent limit is set for spin-independent scattering at 36 GeV/c^{2}, rejecting cross sections above 9.2×10^{-48} cm at the 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aalbers
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - D S Akerib
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - C W Akerlof
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A K Al Musalhi
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - F Alder
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Alqahtani
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S K Alsum
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - C S Amarasinghe
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Ames
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - T J Anderson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - N Angelides
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H M Araújo
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Armstrong
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - M Arthurs
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S Azadi
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A J Bailey
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Baker
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Balajthy
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - S Balashov
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Bang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J W Bargemann
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M J Barry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Barthel
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Bauer
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Baxter
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - K Beattie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Belle
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - P Beltrame
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Bensinger
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - T Benson
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - E P Bernard
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - A Bhatti
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - A Biekert
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - T P Biesiadzinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - H J Birch
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - B Birrittella
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - G M Blockinger
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - K E Boast
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - B Boxer
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R Bramante
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - C A J Brew
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - P Brás
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J H Buckley
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - V V Bugaev
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - S Burdin
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J K Busenitz
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M Buuck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - R Cabrita
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Carels
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - D L Carlsmith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - B Carlson
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - M C Carmona-Benitez
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - M Cascella
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C Chan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Chawla
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - H Chen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J J Cherwinka
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - N I Chott
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - A Cole
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M V Converse
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - A Cottle
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - G Cox
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - W W Craddock
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - O Creaner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Curran
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - A Currie
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Cutter
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - C E Dahl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - A David
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Davis
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - T J R Davison
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Delgaudio
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - S Dey
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - L de Viveiros
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - A Dobi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J E Y Dobson
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - E Druszkiewicz
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - A Dushkin
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - T K Edberg
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - W R Edwards
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M M Elnimr
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - W T Emmet
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
| | - S R Eriksen
- University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - C H Faham
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Fan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - S Fayer
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - N M Fearon
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Fiorucci
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - H Flaecher
- University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - P Ford
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - V B Francis
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - E D Fraser
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - T Fruth
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R J Gaitskell
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - N J Gantos
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Garcia
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Geffre
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - V M Gehman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Genovesi
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - C Ghag
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R Gibbons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - E Gibson
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M G D Gilchriese
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - S Gokhale
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Gomber
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Green
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - A Greenall
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - S Greenwood
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - C B Gwilliam
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C R Hall
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K Hanzel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Harrison
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - E Hartigan-O'Connor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S J Haselschwardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M A Hernandez
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - G Heuermann
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - C Hjemfelt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - M D Hoff
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - E Holtom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Y-K Hor
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M Horn
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Q Huang
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Hunt
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - C M Ignarra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - R G Jacobsen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - O Jahangir
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R S James
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S N Jeffery
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - W Ji
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J Johnson
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - A C Kaboth
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kamaha
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
- University of Califonia, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547
| | - K Kamdin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - V Kasey
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Kazkaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - J Keefner
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Khaitan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - M Khaleeq
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Khazov
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - I Khurana
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Y D Kim
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - C D Kocher
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Kodroff
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - L Korley
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - E V Korolkova
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Kras
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - H Kraus
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Kravitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - H J Krebs
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - L Kreczko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Krikler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V A Kudryavtsev
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Kyre
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - B Landerud
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - E A Leason
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J Lee
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - R Leonard
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - K T Lesko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - C Levy
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - J Li
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - F-T Liao
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Liao
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J Lin
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - A Lindote
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R Linehan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - W H Lippincott
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - R Liu
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - X Liu
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Y Liu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - C Loniewski
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - M I Lopes
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - B López Paredes
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - W Lorenzon
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - D Lucero
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - J M Lyle
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - P A Majewski
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Makkinje
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D C Malling
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Manalaysay
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - L Manenti
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R L Mannino
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - N Marangou
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M F Marzioni
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Maupin
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - M E McCarthy
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - C T McConnell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D N McKinsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J McLaughlin
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - Y Meng
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J Migneault
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E H Miller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - E Mizrachi
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - J A Mock
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - A Monte
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - M E Monzani
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- Vatican Observatory, Castel Gandolfo, V-00120, Vatican City State
| | - J A Morad
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - J D Morales Mendoza
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - E Morrison
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - B J Mount
- Black Hills State University, School of Natural Sciences, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799-0002, USA
| | - M Murdy
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - A St J Murphy
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D Naim
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - A Naylor
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - C Nedlik
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - C Nehrkorn
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - F Neves
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Nguyen
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikoleyczik
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - A Nilima
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Dell
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F G O'Neill
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - K O'Sullivan
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - I Olcina
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - M A Olevitch
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - K C Oliver-Mallory
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J Orpwood
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - D Pagenkopf
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - S Pal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - K J Palladino
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Palmer
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - M Pangilinan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - N Parveen
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - S J Patton
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - E K Pease
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - B Penning
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - C Pereira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - G Pereira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Perry
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T Pershing
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - I B Peterson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Piepke
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J Podczerwinski
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - D Porzio
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Powell
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R M Preece
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - K Pushkin
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Y Qie
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - J Reichenbacher
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - L Reichhart
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C A Rhyne
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Richards
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Q Riffard
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - G R C Rischbieter
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - J P Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Rodriguez
- Black Hills State University, School of Natural Sciences, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799-0002, USA
| | - H J Rose
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - P Rossiter
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - T Rushton
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - G Rutherford
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Rynders
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - J S Saba
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Santone
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - A B M R Sazzad
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - P R Scovell
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Seymour
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S Shaw
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - T Shutt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J J Silk
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - C Silva
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - G Sinev
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - K Skarpaas
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - W Skulski
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - R Smith
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - M Solmaz
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - V N Solovov
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Sorensen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Soria
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - I Stancu
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M R Stark
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - A Stevens
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - T M Stiegler
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - K Stifter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - R Studley
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - B Suerfu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - T J Sumner
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Sutcliffe
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - N Swanson
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - M Szydagis
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - M Tan
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - D J Taylor
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - R Taylor
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - W C Taylor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D J Temples
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - B P Tennyson
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
| | - P A Terman
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - K J Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D R Tiedt
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - M Timalsina
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - W H To
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - A Tomás
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Tong
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - D R Tovey
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Tranter
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Trask
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - D R Tronstad
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - C E Tull
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - W Turner
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - L Tvrznikova
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - U Utku
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - A Vacheret
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A C Vaitkus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J R Verbus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E Voirin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - W L Waldron
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - B Wang
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J J Wang
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - W Wang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J R Watson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - R C Webb
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - A White
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D T White
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J T White
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - R G White
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - T J Whitis
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M Williams
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - M S Witherell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - F L H Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - J D Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - S Woodford
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D Woodward
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - S D Worm
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - C J Wright
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Q Xia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - X Xiang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Q Xiao
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Xu
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Yin
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - I Young
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - P Zarzhitsky
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - A Zuckerman
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E A Zweig
- University of Califonia, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547
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Touitou R, Bidet P, Dubois C, Partouche H, Bonacorsi S, Jung C, Cohen R, Levy C, Cohen JF. Diagnostic accuracy of a rapid nucleic acid test for group A streptococcal pharyngitis using saliva samples: protocol for a prospective multicenter study in primary care. Diagn Progn Res 2023; 7:13. [PMID: 37443047 DOI: 10.1186/s41512-023-00150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group A streptococcus is found in 20-40% of cases of childhood pharyngitis; the remaining cases are viral. Streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat") is usually treated with antibiotics, while these are not indicated in viral cases. Most guidelines recommend relying on a diagnostic test confirming the presence of group A streptococcus before prescribing antibiotics. Conventional first-line tests are rapid antigen detection tests based on throat swabs. Recently, rapid nucleic acid tests were developed; they allow the detection of elements of the genome of group A streptococcus. We hypothesize that these rapid nucleic acid tests are sensitive enough to be performed on saliva samples instead of throat swabs, which could be more convenient in practice. METHODS This is a multicenter, prospective diagnostic accuracy study evaluating the performance of a rapid nucleic acid test for group A streptococcus (Abbott ID NOW STREP A2) in saliva, compared with a conventional pharyngeal rapid antigen detection test (EXACTO PRO STREPTATEST, lateral flow assay, comparator test), with a composite reference standard of throat culture and group A streptococcus PCR in children with pharyngitis in primary care (i.e., 27 primary care pediatricians or general practitioners). To ensure group A streptococcus is not missed, the salivary rapid nucleic acid test requires a minimally acceptable value of sensitivity (primary outcome) set at 80%. Assuming 35% of participants will have group A streptococcus, we will recruit 800 consecutive children with pharyngitis. Secondary outcomes will include difference in sensitivity between the pharyngeal rapid antigen detection test and the salivary rapid nucleic acid test; variability in sensitivity and specificity of the salivary rapid nucleic acid test with the level of McIsaac score; time to obtain the result of the salivary rapid nucleic acid test; patient, physician, and parents satisfaction; and barriers and facilitators to using rapid tests for group A streptococcus in primary care. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approved by the Institutional Review Board "Comité de protection des personnes Ile de France I" (no. 2022-A00085-38). Results will be presented at international meetings and disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05521568.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Touitou
- Association Enseignement Formation Généralistes Hospitaliers - Croix Saint Simon, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Constance Dubois
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (Inserm UMR 1153), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Henri Partouche
- Department of General Practice, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Camille Jung
- Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique Et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Association Clinique Et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Jérémie F Cohen
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (Inserm UMR 1153), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Rybak A, Levy C, Ouldali N, Bonacorsi S, Béchet S, Delobbe JF, Batard C, Donikian I, Goldrey M, Assouline J, Cohen R, Varon E. Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in France: A Pediatric Prospective Nasopharyngeal Carriage Study from 2001 to 2022. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1020. [PMID: 37370339 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological surveillance of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage is important for monitoring serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance, particularly before and after the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). With a prospective surveillance study in France, we aimed to analyze the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage, antibiotic susceptibility and serotype distribution in children aged 6 to 24 months who had acute otitis media between 2001 and 2022 with a focus on the late PCV13 period from May 2014 to July 2022. Trends were analyzed with segmented linear regression with autoregressive error. For the 17,136 children enrolled, overall pneumococcal carriage was stable during the study. During the late PCV13 period, the five most frequent serotypes were all non-PCV13 serotypes: 15B/C (14.3%), 23B (11.0%), 11A (9.6%), 15A (7.4%) and 35B (6.5%). During the same period, we observed a rebound of penicillin non-susceptibility (+0.15% per month, 95% confidence interval, +0.08 to 0.22, p < 0.001). Five serotypes accounted for 64.4% of the penicillin non-susceptible strains: 11A (17.5%), 35B (14.9%), 15A (13.9%), 15B/C (9.9%) and 19F (8.2%); non-PCV13/PCV15 accounted for <1%, and non-PCV15/PCV20 accounted for 28%. The next generation PCVs, particularly PCV20, may disrupt nasopharyngeal carriage and contribute to decreasing the rate of antibiotic resistance among pneumococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Eceve Inserm UMR-S 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, 06200 Nice, France
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
- IAME, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Inserm UMR 1137, Paris University, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Microbiology Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
| | | | - Christophe Batard
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Isabelle Donikian
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Marie Goldrey
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Jessica Assouline
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, 06200 Nice, France
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
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22
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Frenel JS, Lusque A, Delaloge S, Ferrero JM, Bachelot T, Desmoulins I, Levy C, Eymard JC, Gonçalves A, Patsouris A, Reynier MAM, Thery MJC, Petit T, Cabel L, Uwer L, Debled M, Chevrot M, Mailliez A, Jacot W, de La Motte Rouge T. Efficacy of front-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer with germline BRCA1/2 mutation. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2072-2080. [PMID: 37012318 PMCID: PMC10205708 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy of endocrine therapy in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer could differ depending on the presence of BRCA1/2 germline mutation. METHODS The ESME metastatic breast cancer platform (NCT03275311) is a French real world database. Multivariable models including a time-varying approach and landmark analyses assessed the association between time-dependent gBRCA status (categorised as gBRCAm, gBRCAwt (wild type), and untested), overall survival (OS), and first-line progression-free survival (PFS1). RESULTS A total of 170 patients were gBRCAm carriers, 676 gBRCAwt, and 12,930 were untested at baseline. In the multivariable analysis, gBRCAm carriers overall had a lower OS compared to gBRCAwt (adjusted HR [95% CI] 1.26 [1.03-1.55]). gBRCAm patients treated with front-line endocrine therapy had lower adjusted OS (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.54 [1.03-2.32]) and PFS1 (adjusted HR [95% CI] 1.58 [1.17-2.12]) compared to gBRCAwt patients. However, for patients who received frontline chemotherapy, neither OS nor PFS1 differed between gBRCAm carriers and the other groups (HR versus gBRCAwt for OS: 1.12 [0.88-1.41], p = 0.350; PFS1: 1.09 [0.90-1.31], p = 0.379). CONCLUSION In this large cohort of HR+/HER2- MBC patients treated in a pre-CDK4/6 inhibitors era, gBRCAm status was associated with a lower OS and lower PFS following first-line endocrine therapy, but not following first-line chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-S Frenel
- Medical Oncology, ICO Institut de Cancerologie de l'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - A Lusque
- Biostatistics & Health Data Science Unit, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - S Delaloge
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - J-M Ferrero
- Medical Oncology, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - T Bachelot
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - I Desmoulins
- Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc (Dijon), Dijon, France
| | - C Levy
- Medical Oncology, Centre Francois Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - J-C Eymard
- Medical Oncology, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
| | - A Gonçalves
- Medical Oncology Department, Institute Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - A Patsouris
- Medical Oncology Department, ICO - Institut de cancerologie de l'Ouest - Site Paul Papin, Angers, France
| | | | - M J-C Thery
- Medical Oncology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - T Petit
- Bas-Rhin, Centre Paul Strauss Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Cabel
- Medical Oncology, Hôpital René Huguenin - Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - L Uwer
- Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancerologie de Lorraine - Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - M Debled
- Medical Oncology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Chevrot
- Department of Real World Data, UNICANCER, Paris, France
| | - A Mailliez
- Medical Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - W Jacot
- Medical Oncology Department, ICM Regional Cancer Institute of Montpellier, Montpellier University, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
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23
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Lignieres G, Rybak A, Levy C, Birgy A, Bechet S, Bonacorsi S, Cohen R, Madhi F. Meningitis caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in infants in France: a case series. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2023; 5:dlad042. [PMID: 37051190 PMCID: PMC10083514 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We report the first case series focusing on clinical and biological characteristics of meningitis caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in infants. Methods Between 2001 and 2020, data on all cases of E. coli meningitis were prospectively collected from a network of 259 paediatric wards and 168 microbiology laboratories in France. We analysed the clinical and biological characteristics, short-term complications and long-term sequelae of ESBL-producing E. coli meningitis cases in patients <6 months old. Results In total, 548 cases of E. coli paediatric meningitis were reported. ESBL-producing E. coli represented 12 (2.2%) cases. We included 10 patients aged <6 months old. Eight (80%) patients presented at least one sign of clinical severity: six needed mechanical ventilation, three presented signs of shock and one was in a coma. The overall short-term prognosis was good, with only one meningitis-attributed death in the first hours of care. All surviving children received carbapenems for a median of 21 days (range 9-28). Two relapses occurred, including one in a patient who received only 14 days of imipenem. We reported no long-term sequelae at a median follow-up of 20 months. Conclusions Meropenem seems to be the treatment of choice for ESBL-producing E. coli meningitis in children and needs to be given as early as possible (<48 h) and for at least 21 days. Maternal colonization or infection with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae needs to be reported to the neonatal or paediatric ICU team, in order to adapt the empirical antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lignieres
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Maladies Infectieuses et Médecine Interne, CHU Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Service des Urgences Pédiatriques, CHU Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Paris, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Centre de Recherche Clinique (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - André Birgy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Paris, France
- Service de Microbiologie, CHU Robert Debré, APHP, Centre National de Référence (CNR) associé Escherichia coli, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bechet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Paris, France
- Service de Microbiologie, CHU Robert Debré, APHP, Centre National de Référence (CNR) associé Escherichia coli, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) de la Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Paris, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Unité Court Séjour, Petits nourrissons, Service de Néonatalogie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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24
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Cohen R, Levy C, Rybak A, Angoulvant F, Ouldali N, Grimprel E. Immune debt: Recrudescence of disease and confirmation of a contested concept. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104638. [PMID: 36535583 PMCID: PMC9756601 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France.
| | - Alexis Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Département femme-mère-enfant, CHU, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Naim Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Grimprel
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Trousseau Hospital, APHP Paris, France, Sorbonne University, France
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Cohen R, Pettoello-Mantovani M, Giardino I, Carrasco-Sanz A, Somekh E, Levy C. The Shortage of Amoxicillin: An Escalating Public Health Crisis in Pediatrics Faced by Several Western Countries. J Pediatr 2023:S0022-3476(23)00017-3. [PMID: 36669589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
| | - Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani
- Paris Est University, Geminy, Créteil, France; European Paediatric Association/Union of National European Paediatric Societies and Associations (EPA/UNEPSA), Berlin, Germany; Association pour l'Activité et la Recherche Scìentifiques, Neuchatel, Switzerland; Italian Academy of Pediatrics, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ida Giardino
- European Paediatric Association/Union of National European Paediatric Societies and Associations (EPA/UNEPSA), Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, "Casa Sollievo" Scientific Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Eli Somekh
- European Confederation of Primary Care Pediatricians, Lyon, France; Department of Pediatrics, Mayanei Hayeshuah Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Israel Pediatric Society, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Corinne Levy
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France; Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Paris, France
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Kaguelidou F, Ouèdraogo M, Treluyer JM, Le Jeunne C, Annereau M, Blanc P, Bureau S, Ducassou S, Fiquet B, Flamein F, Gaillard S, Hankard R, Laugel V, Laurent C, Levy C, Marquet T, Polak M, Portefaix A, Vassal G. Paediatric drug development and evaluation: Existing challenges and recommendations. Therapie 2023; 78:105-114. [PMID: 36528416 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite various international regulatory initiatives over the last 20 years, many challenges remain in the field of paediatric drug development and evaluation. Indeed, drug research and development is still focused essentially on adult indications, thereby excluding many paediatric patients, limiting the feasibility of trials and favouring competing developments. Off-label prescribing persists and the development of age-appropriate dosage forms for children remains limited. Against this background, the members of this panel (TR) recommend the launch of multi-partner exchange forums on specific topics in order to focus new drug research and development on the real, unmet medical needs of children and adolescents, and in keeping with the underlying mechanisms of action. Scientific information sharing and cooperation between stakeholders are also essential for defining reference evaluation methods in each medical field. These forums can be organised through existing paediatric facilities and research networks at the French and European level. The latter are specifically dedicated to paediatric research and can facilitate clinical trial implementation and patient enrolment. Moreover, specific grants and public/private partnerships are still needed to support studies on the repositioning of drugs in paediatric indications, and pharmacokinetic studies aimed at defining appropriate dosages. The development of new pharmaceutical forms, better suited for paediatric use, and the promotion of resulting innovations will stimulate future investments. Initiatives to gather observational safety and efficacy data following off-label and/or derogatory early access should also be encouraged to compensate for the lack of information available in these situations. Finally, the creation of Ethics Committees (EC) with a specific "mother-child" advisory expertise should be promoted to ensure that the current regulation (Jardé law in France) is implemented whilst also taking into account the paediatric specificities in medical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentia Kaguelidou
- Center of Clinical Investigations and Pediatric Pharmacology, Inserm CIC1426, Robert-Debré hospital, AP-HP.Nord, 75000 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France.
| | - Maria Ouèdraogo
- Lead « partenaires parcours de soins référents médicaux », laboratoire Roche, 92100 Boulogne, France
| | - Jean-Marc Treluyer
- Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France; Département de pharmacologie, CRPV, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Claire Le Jeunne
- Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France; Service de médecine interne, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Annereau
- Département de pharmacie clinique, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Patricia Blanc
- Association de patients («) Imagine for Margo - Enfants sans Cancer », 78100 Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Serge Bureau
- Direction de la recherche clinique, de l'innovation, des relations avec les universités et organismes de recherche (DRCI), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Ducassou
- Unité hématologie oncologie pédiatrique, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Béatrice Fiquet
- Département médical, Amgen, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Florence Flamein
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, 59000 Lille, France; French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) - PEDSTART, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Ségolène Gaillard
- Hospices civils de Lyon, EPICIME-CIC 1407 de Lyon, Inserm, CHU-Lyon, 69677 Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558, laboratoire de biométrie et biologie évolutive, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Vincent Laugel
- Pôle médico-chirurgical de pédiatrie, centre d'investigation clinique, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Corinne Levy
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Thierry Marquet
- Accès des patients à l'innovation, Takeda, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Unité d'endocrinologie, gynécologie, diabétologie pédiatriques, Inserm U1016, Institut Imagine, centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance et du développement, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP Centre, université Paris-Descartes, 75743 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Portefaix
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Pediatric Clinic Investigation Center, Inserm P-1407, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Département de cancérologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center et université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
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27
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Levy C, Dognon N, Normandin S, Duburcq T, Gaudet A. Assessment of plasma endocan for the prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients undergoing veno-venous ECMO: A pilot study. Med Intensiva 2023; 47:51-54. [PMID: 35528276 PMCID: PMC9068658 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Levy
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - N. Dognon
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - S. Normandin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - T. Duburcq
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A. Gaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France,Corresponding author
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Kaguelidou F, Ouèdraogo M, Treluyer JM, Le Jeunne C, Annereau M, Blanc P, Bureau S, Ducassou S, Fiquet B, Flamein F, Gaillard S, Hankard R, Laugel V, Laurent C, Levy C, Marquet T, Polak M, Portefaix A, Vassal G. Développement des médicaments en pédiatrie : défis existants et recommandations. Therapie 2023; 78:95-104. [PMID: 36543724 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florentia Kaguelidou
- Center of Clinical Investigations and Pediatric Pharmacology, Inserm CIC1426, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP Nord, 75000 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France.
| | - Maria Ouèdraogo
- Lead « partenaires parcours de soins référents médicaux », laboratoire Roche, 92100 Boulogne, France
| | - Jean-Marc Treluyer
- Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France; Département de pharmacologie, CRPV, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Claire Le Jeunne
- Paris Cité University, EA7323 « Therapeutic assessment, and perinatal and pediatric pharmacology », 75000 Paris, France; Service de médecine interne, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Annereau
- Département de pharmacie clinique, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Patricia Blanc
- Association de patients « Imagine for Margo - Enfants sans Cancer », 78100 Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Serge Bureau
- Direction de la recherche clinique, de l'innovation, des relations avec les universités et organismes de recherche (DRCI), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Ducassou
- Unité hématologie oncologie pédiatrique, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Béatrice Fiquet
- Département médical, Amgen, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Florence Flamein
- Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, 59000 Lille, France; French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) - PEDSTART, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Ségolène Gaillard
- Hospices civils de Lyon, EPICIME-CIC 1407 de Lyon, Inserm, CHU-Lyon, 69677 Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558, laboratoire de biométrie et biologie évolutive, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Vincent Laugel
- Pôle médicochirurgical de pédiatrie, centre d'investigation clinique, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Corinne Levy
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Thierry Marquet
- Directeur de l'accès des patients à l'innovation, Takeda, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Unité d'endocrinologie, gynécologie, diabétologie pédiatriques, Inserm U1016, Institut Imagine, centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance et du développement, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP Centre, université Paris Descartes, 75743 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Portefaix
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Pediatric Clinic Investigation Center, Inserm P-1407, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Département de cancérologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Gustave-Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
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29
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Solignac F, Ouldali N, Aupiais C, Casha P, Cohen R, Levy C, Angoulvant F. Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Status Among Parents of Hospitalized Children Younger Than 5 Years With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Delta and Omicron Waves. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2242295. [PMID: 36383384 PMCID: PMC9669815 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This cohort study uses COVID-19 Pediatric Observatory study data to analyze the vaccination status of parents with young children hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta and Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florie Solignac
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Université de Paris-Cité, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Université De Paris-Cité, France
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris-Cité, France
| | - Camille Aupiais
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris-Cité, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Universitaire Jean-Verdier, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Paul Casha
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois), Switzerland
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, France
- HeKA, Inria Paris, France
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30
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Cohen PR, Rybak A, Werner A, Béchet S, Desandes R, Hassid F, André JM, Gelbert N, Thiebault G, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Vié Le Sage F, Angoulvant PF, Ouldali N, Frandji B, Levy C. Trends in pediatric ambulatory community acquired infections before and during COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective multicentric surveillance study in France. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 22:100497. [PMID: 36034052 PMCID: PMC9398201 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Covid-19 pandemic control has imposed several non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Strict application of these measures has had a dramatic reduction on the epidemiology of several infectious diseases. As the pandemic is ongoing for more than 2 years, some of these measures have been removed, mitigated, or less well applied. The aim of this study is to investigate the trends of pediatric ambulatory infectious diseases before and up to two years after the onset of the pandemic. Methods We conducted a prospective surveillance study in France with 107 pediatricians specifically trained in pediatric infectious diseases. From January 2018 to April 2022, the electronic medical records of children with an infectious disease were automatically extracted. The annual number of infectious diseases in 2020 and 2021 was compared to 2018-2019 and their frequency was compared by logistic regression. Findings From 2018 to 2021, 185,368 infectious diseases were recorded. Compared to 2018 (n=47,116) and 2019 (n=51,667), the annual number of cases decreased in 2020 (n=35,432) by about a third. Frequency of scarlet fever, tonsillopharyngitis, enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, and gastroenteritis decreased with OR varying from 0·6 (CI95% [0·5;0·7]) to 0·9 (CI95% [0·8;0·9]), p<0·001. In 2021, among the 52,153 infectious diagnoses, an off-season rebound was observed with increased frequency of enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis and otitis with OR varying from 1·1 (CI95% [1·0;1·1]) to 1·5 (CI95% [1·4;1·5]), p<0·001. Interpretation While during NPIs strict application, the overall frequency of community-acquired infections was reduced, after relaxation of these measures, a rebound of some of them (enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, otitis) occurred beyond the pre-pandemic level. These findings highlight the need for continuous surveillance of infectious diseases, especially insofar as future epidemics are largely unpredictable. Funding ACTIV, AFPA, GSK, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi.
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31
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Levy C, Dognon N, Normandin S, Duburcq T, Gaudet A. Assessment of plasma endocan for the prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients undergoing veno-venous ECMO: A pilot study. Med Intensiva 2022. [PMCID: PMC9617627 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Levy
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - N. Dognon
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - S. Normandin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - T. Duburcq
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A. Gaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University of Lille, U995-LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Immunology Institute, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France,University Lille, Inserm, U1285, CNRS, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France,Corresponding author
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32
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Cohen R, Aupiais C, Filleron A, Cahn-Sellem F, Romain O, Béchet S, Auvrignon A, Batard C, Virey B, Jung C, Rybak A, Levy C. Diagnostic accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test from self-collected anterior nasal swabs in children compared to rapid antigen test and RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs collected by healthcare workers: A multicentric prospective study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:980549. [PMID: 36210936 PMCID: PMC9532740 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.980549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Testing for SARS-CoV-2 is central to COVID-19 management. Rapid antigen test from self-collected anterior nasal swabs (SCANS-RAT) are often used in children but their performance have not been assessed in real-life. We aimed to compare this testing method to the two methods usually used: reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal swabs collected by healthcare workers (HCW-PCR) and rapid antigen test from nasopharyngeal swabs collected by healthcare workers (HCW-RAT), estimating the accuracy and acceptance, in a pediatric real-life study. From September 2021 to January 2022, we performed a manufacturer-independent cross-sectional, prospective, multicenter study involving 74 pediatric ambulatory centers and 5 emergency units throughout France. Children ≥6 months to 15 years old with suggestive symptoms of COVID-19 or children in contact with a COVID-19-positive patient were prospectively enrolled. We included 836 children (median 4 years), 774 (92.6%) were symptomatic. The comparators were HCW-PCR for 267 children, and HCW-RAT for 593 children. The sensitivity of the SCANS-RAT test compared to HCW-RAT was 91.3% (95%CI 82.8; 96.4). Sensitivity was 70.4% (95%CI 59.2; 80.0) compared to all HCW-PCR and 84.6% (95%CI 71.9; 93.1) when considering cycle threshold <33. The specificity was always >97%. Among children aged ≥6 years, 90.9% of SCANS-RAT were self-collected without adult intervention. On appreciation rating (from 1, very pleasant, to 10, very unpleasant), 77.9% of children chose a score ≤3. SCANS-RAT have good sensitivity and specificity and are well accepted by children. A repeated screening strategy using these tests can play a major role in controlling the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Créteil, France
| | - Camille Aupiais
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Anne Filleron
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | | | - Olivier Romain
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Neonatalogy Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Anne Auvrignon
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Christophe Batard
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Brigitte Virey
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Camille Jung
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Créteil, France
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Mosele M, Lusque A, Dieras V, Deluche E, Ducoulombier A, Pistilli B, Bachelot T, Viret F, Levy C, Pradat Y, Tran D, Droin N, Kobayashi M, Kakewaga T, Deloger M, Job B, Jimenez M, Lacroix-Triki M, André F. LBA72 Unraveling the mechanism of action and resistance to trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd): Biomarker analyses from patients from DAISY trial. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Kabirian R, Havas J, Franzoi M, Coutant C, Tredan O, Levy C, Cottu P, Dhaini Merimeche A, Guillermet S, Ferrero JM, Giacchetti S, Petit T, Dalenc F, Rouanet P, Querel O, Martin AL, Pistilli B, Lambertini M, Luis I, Di Meglio A. 1551O Factors associated with chemotherapy (CT)-related amenorrhea (CRA) and its relationship with quality of life (QOL) in premenopausal women with early breast cancer (BC): Results from the prospective CANTO cohort study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Cohen R, Gillet Y, Le Guen CG, Weil-Olivier C, Hau I, Dufour V, Pinquier D, Romain O, Raymond J, Faye A, Dommergues MA, Haas H, Levy C, Grimprel E. Vaccination, or how to alleviate the crisis in pediatric emergency units. Infect Dis Now 2022; 52:386-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cohen R, Rybak A, Ouldali N, Angoulvant F, Béchet S, Gajdos V, Hau I, Sellam A, El Aouane El Ghomari I, Elmerich F, Batard C, Auvrignon A, Grimprel E, Favier M, Jung C, Levy C. From the original SARS-CoV-2 strain to the Omicron variant: predictors of COVID-19 in ambulatory symptomatic children. Infect Dis Now 2022; 52:432-440. [PMID: 36116761 PMCID: PMC9477611 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the predictors of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in a pediatric ambulatory setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional prospective study (November 2020-February 2022) of 93 ambulatory settings in France. We included symptomatic children < 15 years old tested for SARS-CoV-2. For each period corresponding to the spread of the original strain and its variants (period 1: original strain; period 2: Alpha, period 3: Delta; period 4: Omicron), we used a multivariate analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) associated with COVID-19 among age, signs, symptoms or contact, and 95 % confidence intervals (95CIs). RESULTS Of 5,336 children, 13.9 % (95CI 13.0-14.8) had a positive test. During the first three periods, the positivity rate ranged from 5.6 % (95CI 4.6-6.7) to 12.6 % (95CI 10.8-14.6). The main factors associated with a positive test were contact with an infected adult at home or outside the home (aOR 11.5 [95CI 4.9-26.9] to 38.9 [95CI 19.3-78.7]) or an infected household child (aOR 15.0 [95CI 4.8-47.1] to 28.4 [95CI 8.7-92.6]). By contrast, during period 4, aORs for these predictors were substantially lower (2.3 [95CI 1.1-4.5] to 5.5 [95CI 3.2-7.7]), but the positivity rate was 45.7 % (95CI 42.3-49.2). CONCLUSIONS In pediatric ambulatory settings, before the Omicron period, the main predictor of a positive test was contact with an infected person. During the Omicron period, the odds of these predictors were substantially lower while the positivity rate was higher. An accurate diagnostic strategy should only rely on testing and not on age, signs, symptoms or contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - A Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France.
| | - N Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Robert Debré Hospital, France
| | - F Angoulvant
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Robert Debré Hospital, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - S Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - V Gajdos
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - I Hau
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - A Sellam
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | | | - F Elmerich
- CHU Reims, Urgences Pédiatriques, France
| | - C Batard
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - A Auvrignon
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - E Grimprel
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - M Favier
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Urgences Pédiatriques CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Jung
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - C Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France.
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A, Donzeau A, Aridi LE, Lety S, Leboucher B, Baur A, Jeusset L, Selegny M, Fedorczuk C, Lajus M, Bensaid P, Laoudi Y, Pons C, Robert AC, Beaucourt C, De Pontual L, Richard M, Goisque E, Iriart X, Brissaud O, Segretin P, Molimard J, Orecel MC, Benoit G, Bongiovanni L, Guerder M, Pouyau R, De Guillebon De Resnes JM, Mezgueldi E, Cour-Andlauer F, Horvat C, Poinsot P, Frachette C, Ouziel A, Gillet Y, Barrey C, Brouard J, Villedieu F, Ro V, Elanga N, Gajdos V, Basmaci R, Mutar H, Rouget S, Nattes E, Hau I, Biscardi S, Jurdi HE, Jung C, Semama D, Huet F, Zoccarato AM, Sarakbi M, Mortamet G, Bost-Bru C, Bassil J, Vinit C, Hentgen V, Leroux P, Bertrand V, Parrod C, Craiu I, Kone-Paut I, Durand P, Tissiere P, Claude C, Morelle G, Guiddir T, Borocco C, Delion F, Guillot C, Leteurtre S, Dubos F, Jouancastay M, Martinot A, Voeusler V, Languepin J, Garrec N, Demersay AC, Morand A, Bosdure E, Vanel N, Ughetto F, Michel F, Caujolle M, Blonde R, Nguyen J, Vignaud O, Masserot-Lureau C, Gouraud F, Araujo C, Ingrao T, Naji S, Sehaba M, Roche C, Carbasse A, Milesi C, Mazeghrane M, Haupt S, Schweitzer C, Romefort B, Launay E, Guen CGL, Ali A, Blot N, Tran A, Rancurel A, Afanetti M, Odorico S, Talmud D, Chosidow A, Romain AS, Grimprel E, Pouletty M, Gaschignard J, Corseri O, Faye A, Gaschignard J, Melki I, Ducrocq C, Benzoïd C, Lokmer J, Dauger S, Chomton M, Deho A, Lebourgeois F, Renolleau S, Lesage F, Moulin F, Dupic L, Pinhas Y, Debray A, Chalumeau M, Abadie V, Frange P, Cohen JF, Allali S, Curtis W, Belhadjer Z, Auriau J, Méot M, Houyel L, Bonnet D, Delacourt C, Meunier BB, Quartier P, Shaim Y, Baril L, Crommelynck S, Jacquot B, Blanc P, Maledon N, Robert B, Loeile C, Cazau C, Loron G, Gaga S, Vittot C, Nabhani LE, Buisson F, Prudent M, Flodrops H, Mokraoui F, Escoda S, Deschamps N, Bonnemains L, Mahi SL, Mertes C, Terzic J, Helms J, Idier C, Chenichene S, Ursulescu NM, Beaujour G, Hakim A, Miquel A, Rey A, Wiedermann A, Charbonneau A, Veauvy-Juven A, Ferry A, Mandelcwajg A, Rousseau A, Prenant A, Bourneuf AL, Filleron A, Robine A, Félix A, Parizel A, Labarre A, Cantais A, Ros B, Coulon B, Biot B, Dalichoux B, Fournier B, Cagnard B, Vanel B, Brossier D, Ménager B, Ozanne B, Marie-Jeanne C, Bergerot C, Chavy C, Guidon C, Fabre C, Galeotti C, Baker C, Ballot-Schmit C, Belleau C, Charasse C, Favel C, Toumi C, Ferrandiz C, Couturier C, Pouchoux C, Chomton-Cailliez M, Kevorkian-Verguet C, Brunet C, Manteau C, Mougey C, Santy C, Fitament C, Petriat C, Rebelle C, Charron C, Dartus M, Toulorge D, Guillou-Debuisson C, Bartebin D, Klein V, Broustal E, Desselas E, Marteau E, Bouvrot E, Delacroix E, Coinde E, Elnabhani L, Amouyal E, Chaillou E, Gabilly-Bernard E, Ruiz E, Thibault E, Robin E, Darrieux E, Blondel E, Socchi F, Cazassus F, Bajolle F, Lacin F, Madhi F, Zekre F, Guerin F, Boussicault G, Ginies H, Magloire G, Arnold G, Coulognon I, Sicard-Cras I, Kahn JE, Bordet J, Fausser JL, Baleine JF, Brice J, Gendras J, Pekin K, Norbert K, Karsenty C, Savary L, Martinat L, Lesniewski L, Charbonnier L, Alexandre L, Percheron L, Vincenti M, Selegny M, Lanzini M, Grisval M, Mercy M, Lampin ME, Desgranges M, Duperril M, Orcel MC, Audier M, Favier M, Carpentier M, Balcean M, Bonnet M, Jouret M, Delattre M, Levy M, Valensi M, Shum M, Dumortier M, Gelin M, Nemmouchi M, Williaume M, Sebaha M, Genetay-Stanescu N, Giroux N, Crassard N, Derridj N, Lachaume N, Werner O, Guilluy O, Richer O, Tirel O, Pauvert A, Casha P, Perez N, Gras P, Leger PL, Pinchou M, Mornand P, Largo P, Ibanez RC, Roulland C, Albarazi SH, Bichali S, Faton S, Schott A, Walser S, Guillaume S, Vincent S, Galene-Gromez S, Kozisek S, Maugard T, Blanc T, Navarro T, Lauvray T, Kovacs T, Launay V, Despert V, Lhostis V, Gall V, Micaelli X, Benadjaoud Y, Matoussi Z, Géniaux H, Facile A, Pietri T, Palassin P, Pinel S, Chouchana L, Callot D, Boulay C. Correction to “Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study”. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022. [PMID: 35967266 PMCID: PMC9364716 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Savulescu C, Krizova P, Valentiner-Branth P, Ladhani S, Rinta-Kokko H, Levy C, Mereckiene J, Knol M, Winje BA, Ciruela P, de Miguel S, Guevara M, MacDonald L, Kozakova J, Slotved HC, Fry NK, Pekka Nuorti J, Danis K, Corcoran M, van der Ende A, Vestrheim DF, Munoz-Almagro C, Sanz JC, Castilla J, Smith A, Colzani E, Pastore Celentano L, Hanquet G. Effectiveness of 10 and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines against invasive pneumococcal disease in European children: SpIDnet observational multicentre study. Vaccine 2022; 40:3963-3974. [PMID: 35637067 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines covering 10 (PCV10) and 13 (PCV13) serotypes have been introduced in the infant immunization schedule of most European countries in 2010-11. To provide additional real-life data, we measured the effectiveness of PCV10 and PCV13 against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children of 12 European sites (SpIDnet). METHODS We compared the vaccination status of PCV10 and PCV13 serotype IPD (cases) to that of nonPCV13 serotype IPD (controls) reported in 2012-2018. We calculated pooled effectiveness as (1-vaccination odds ratio)*100, and measured effectiveness over time since booster dose. RESULTS The PCV13 and PCV10 studies included 2522 IPD cases from ten sites and 486 cases from four sites, respectively. The effectiveness of ≥ 1 PCV13 dose was 84.2% (95 %CI: 79.0-88.1) against PCV13 serotypes (n = 2353) and decreased from 93.1% (87.8-96.1) < 12 months to 85.1% (72.0-92.1) ≥ 24 months after booster dose. PCV13 effectiveness of ≥ 1 dose was 84.7% (55.7-94.7) against fatal PCV13 IPD, 64.5% (43.7-77.6), 83.2% (73.7-89.3) and 85.1% (67.6-93.1) against top serotypes 3, 19A and 1, respectively, and 85.4% (62.3-94.4) against 6C. Serotype 3 and 19A effectiveness declined more rapidly. PCV10 effectiveness of ≥ 1 dose was 84.8% (69.4-92.5) against PCV10 serotypes (n = 370), 27.2% (-187.6 to 81.6) and 85.3% (35.2-96.7) against top serotypes 1 and 7F, 32.5% (-28.3 to 64.5) and -14.4% (-526.5 to 79.1) against vaccine-related serotypes 19A and 6C, respectively. CONCLUSIONS PCV10 and PCV13 provide similar protection against IPD due to the respective vaccine serotype groups but serotype-specific effectiveness varies by serotype and vaccine. PCV13 provided individual protection against serotype 3 and vaccine-related serotype 6C IPD. PCV10 effectiveness was not significant against vaccine-related serotypes 19A and 6C. PCV13 effectiveness declined with time after booster vaccination. This multinational study enabled measuring serotype-specific vaccine effectiveness with a precision rarely possible at the national level. Such large networks are crucial for the post-licensure evaluation of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavla Krizova
- National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mirjam Knol
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pilar Ciruela
- Health Agency of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marcela Guevara
- Public Health Institute of Navarra - IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jana Kozakova
- National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - J Pekka Nuorti
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kostas Danis
- Santé publique France, the National Public Health Institute, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Mary Corcoran
- Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Irish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arie van der Ende
- Academic Medical Centre, National Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carmen Munoz-Almagro
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, and International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesus Castilla
- Public Health Institute of Navarra - IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew Smith
- Bacterial Respiratory Infection Service, Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Glasgow Royal Infirmary & MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Edoardo Colzani
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Germaine Hanquet
- Epiconcept, Paris, France; Antwerp university, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Matczak S, Levy C, Fortas C, Cohen JF, Béchet S, Aït El Belghiti F, Guillot S, Trombert-Paolantoni S, Jacomo V, Savitch Y, Paireau J, Brisse S, Guiso N, Lévy-Bruhl D, Cohen R, Toubiana J. Association between the COVID-19 pandemic and pertussis derived from multiple nationwide data sources, France, 2013 to 2020. Euro Surveill 2022; 27:2100933. [PMID: 35748301 PMCID: PMC9229195 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.25.2100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundInterventions to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic may impact other respiratory diseases.AimsWe aimed to study the course of pertussis in France over an 8-year period including the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with COVID-19 mitigation strategies, using multiple nationwide data sources and regression models.MethodsWe analysed the number of French pertussis cases between 2013 and 2020, using PCR test results from nationwide outpatient laboratories (Source 1) and a network of the paediatric wards from 41 hospitals (Source 2). We also used reports of a national primary care paediatric network (Source 3). We conducted a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis, relying on negative binomial regression models. The models accounted for seasonality, long-term cycles and secular trend, and included a binary variable for the first national lockdown (start 16 March 2020).ResultsWe identified 19,039 pertussis cases from these data sources. Pertussis cases decreased significantly following the implementation of mitigation measures, with adjusted incidence rate ratios of 0.10 (95% CI: 0.04-0.26) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.07-0.66) for Source 1 and Source 2, respectively. The association was confirmed in Source 3 with a median of, respectively, one (IQR: 0-2) and 0 cases (IQR: 0-0) per month before and after lockdown (p = 0.0048).ConclusionsThe strong reduction in outpatient and hospitalised pertussis cases suggests an impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on pertussis epidemiology. Pertussis vaccination recommendations should be followed carefully, and disease monitoring should be continued to detect any resurgence after relaxation of mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Matczak
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Camille Fortas
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Jérémie F Cohen
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM UMR 1153, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | | | - Sophie Guillot
- National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Yann Savitch
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Juliette Paireau
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, France
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Daniel Lévy-Bruhl
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
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Bidet P, Birgy A, Ouldali N, Béchet S, Levy C, Madhi F, Sobral E, Cohen R, Bonacorsi S. Comparative genomic analysis of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli from faecal carriage and febrile urinary tract infection in children: a prospective multicentre study. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2022; 4:dlac056. [PMID: 35611261 PMCID: PMC9123598 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reliability of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) faecal carriage monitoring to guide probabilistic treatment of febrile urinary tract infection (FUTI) in children remains unclear. Objectives To compare the genomic characteristics of ESBL-Ec isolates from faecal carriage and FUTI to assess their correlation and identify a FUTI-associated virulence profile. Methods We conducted a prospective multicentre hospital and ambulatory-based study. We analysed the genotypes and virulence factors of both faecal and FUTI ESBL-Ec by whole genome sequencing. Correlations were assessed by non-parametric Spearman coefficient and virulence factors were assessed by chi-squared tests with Bonferroni correction. Results We included 218 ESBL-Ec causing FUTI and 154 ESBL-Ec faecal carriage isolates. The most frequent ST was ST131 (44%) in both collections. We found high correlation between carriage and ESBL-Ec FUTI regarding genes/alleles (rho = 0.88, P < 0.0001) and combinations of virulence genes, MLST and serotypes (rho = 0.90, P < 0.0001, rho = 0.99, P = 0.0003, rho = 0.97, P = 0.005 respectively). Beside this strong correlation, we found five genes that were significantly associated with FUTI (papC, papGII, hlyC, hek and traJ). The strongest association with FUTI was found with adhesin gene allele papGII (54% in FUTI versus 16% in carriage) and for papGII and gene traJ alone or in combination (63% versus 24%). Conclusions The genomic profile of ESBL-Ec causing FUTI in children strongly correlates with faecal carriage isolates except for a few genes. The presence of papGII and/or traJ in a previously identified carriage strain could be used as a marker of uropathogenicity and may guide the empirical antimicrobial choice in subsequent FUTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bidet
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France
- Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence associé pour Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - André Birgy
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France
- Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence associé pour Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Naim Ouldali
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- GPIP (Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique) de la SFP (Société Française de Pédiatrie), Paris, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- GPIP (Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique) de la SFP (Société Française de Pédiatrie), Paris, France
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Elsa Sobral
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- GPIP (Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique) de la SFP (Société Française de Pédiatrie), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France
- Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence associé pour Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Rybak A, Levy C, Angoulvant F, Auvrignon A, Gembara P, Danis K, Vaux S, Levy-Bruhl D, van der Werf S, Béchet S, Bonacorsi S, Assad Z, Lazzati A, Michel M, Kaguelidou F, Faye A, Cohen R, Varon E, Ouldali N. Association of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Pneumococcal Carriage, and Respiratory Viral Infections Among Children in France. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2218959. [PMID: 35763298 PMCID: PMC9240903 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.18959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE An association between pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been previously established. However, it is unclear whether the decrease in IPD incidence observed after implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with concomitant changes in pneumococcal carriage and respiratory viral infections. OBJECTIVE To assess changes in IPD incidence after the implementation of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their temporal association with changes in pneumococcal carriage rate and respiratory viral infections (specifically respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] and influenza cases) among children in France. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used interrupted time series analysis of data from ambulatory and hospital-based national continuous surveillance systems of pneumococcal carriage, RSV and influenza-related diseases, and IPD between January 1, 2007, and March 31, 2021. Participants included 11 944 children younger than 15 years in France. EXPOSURES Implementation of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The estimated fraction of IPD change after implementation of NPIs and the association of this change with concomitant changes in pneumococcal carriage rate and RSV and influenza cases among children younger than 15 years. The estimated fraction of change was analyzed using a quasi-Poisson regression model. RESULTS During the study period, 5113 children (median [IQR] age, 1.0 [0.6-4.0] years; 2959 boys [57.9%]) had IPD, and 6831 healthy children (median [IQR] age, 1.5 [0.9-3.9] years; 3534 boys [51.7%]) received a swab test. Data on race and ethnicity were not collected. After NPI implementation, IPD incidence decreased by 63% (95% CI, -82% to -43%; P < .001) and was similar for non-13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes with both high disease potential (-63%; 95% CI, -77% to -48%; P < .001) and low disease potential (-53%; 95% CI, -70% to -35%; P < .001). The overall pneumococcal carriage rate did not significantly change after NPI implementation (-12%; 95% CI, -37% to 12%; P = .32), nor did the carriage rate for non-PCV13 serotypes with high disease potential (-26%; 95% CI, -100% to 52%; P = .50) or low disease potential (-7%; 95% CI, -34% to 20%; P = .61). After NPI implementation, the estimated number of influenza cases decreased by 91% (95% CI, -74% to -97%; P < .001), and the estimated number of RSV cases decreased by 74% (95% CI, -55% to -85%; P < .001). Overall, the decrease in influenza and RSV cases accounted for 53% (95% CI, -28% to -78%; P < .001) and 40% (95% CI, -15% to -65%; P = .002) of the decrease in IPD incidence during the NPI period, respectively. The decrease in IPD incidence was not associated with pneumococcal carriage, with carriage accounting for only 4% (95% CI, -7% to 15%; P = .49) of the decrease. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of data from multiple national continuous surveillance systems, a decrease in pediatric IPD incidence occurred after the implementation of NPIs in France; this decrease was associated with a decrease in viral infection cases rather than pneumococcal carriage rate. The association between pneumococcal carriage and IPD was potentially modified by changes in the number of RSV and influenza cases, suggesting that interventions targeting respiratory viruses, such as immunoprophylaxis or vaccines for RSV and influenza, may be able to prevent a large proportion of pediatric IPD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Auvrignon
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Piotr Gembara
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Kostas Danis
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sophie Vaux
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Daniel Levy-Bruhl
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sylvie van der Werf
- Centre National de Référence des Infections Respiratoires, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Microbiologie, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1137, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Pédiatrie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Andréa Lazzati
- Chirurgie Générale, Digestive et de l'Obésité, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Unité 955, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Morgane Michel
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Néonatalogie et Réanimation Néonatale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Microbiologie et Centre National de Référence du Pneumocoque, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses Pédiatriques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Baloche A, Jung C, Levy M, Elbez-Rubinstein A, Béchet S, Layouni I, Monguillot G, Taha MK, Cohen R, Levy C. Long-term impact of invasive meningococcal disease in children: SEINE study protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268536. [PMID: 35617288 PMCID: PMC9135194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is still an important cause of mortality in children and survivors can have significant long-term disabling sequelae. There are few prospective studies looking at the long term neuropsychological and developmental consequences of IMD in surviving children, and the rate of sequelae may be underestimated. The SEINE study aims to have a more reliable estimate of the real rate of sequelae by assessing the long-term physical, neuropsychological, learning disorders and sensory sequelae of IMD in children and adolescents and by assessing the post-traumatic stress in parents. Methods and analysis The SEINE study is a multicentre, prospective, non-randomized, interventional study based on the French bacterial meningitis surveillance network. The study will include 100 children aged from birth to 15 years old, hospitalized in a Paris area paediatric ward for a meningococcal meningitis or a purpura fulminans between 2010 and 2019. The first outcome will assess long-term sequelae (physical, neurological, or sensory) measured by a general clinical and neurological examination, a neurocognitive assessment, learning development, a pure tone audiometry and an ophthalmic examination. The second outcome will assess the long-term post-traumatic stress in parents measured by the Impact of Event Scare Revised questionnaire. Perspectives By providing a better estimation of the rate of sequelae in children and offering an adapted follow-up of these children, we believe that the SEINE study will help to improve the management of patients surviving IMD. Trial registration number NCT04685850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexiane Baloche
- PhD student, Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France
- UR 4129 P2S Parcours Santé Systémique, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Jung
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Clinical Research Center, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Meningococcus, Paris, France
| | - Annie Elbez-Rubinstein
- ACTIV (Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne), Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV (Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne), Créteil, France
| | - Ines Layouni
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Clinical Research Center, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Geneviève Monguillot
- ACTIV (Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne), Créteil, France
| | - Muhamed Kheir Taha
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Meningococcus, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Clinical Research Center, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- ACTIV (Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne), Créteil, France
- French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, GPIP, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Clinical Research Center, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
- ACTIV (Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne), Créteil, France
- French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, GPIP, Créteil, France
- * E-mail:
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Cherifi F, Da Silva A, Johnson A, Blanc Fournier C, Broyelle A, Abramovici O, Morel A, Bertho M, Hrab I, Allouache D, Segura Djezzer C, Levy C, Boscher C, Villemin M, Rottier P, Lequesne J, Emile G. 104P HELENA: Study of HER2-low as a prEdictive factor of response to Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in eArly breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Mosele M, Lusque A, Dieras V, Deluche E, Ducoulombier A, Pistilli B, Bachelot T, Viret F, Levy C, Signolle N, Tran D, Garberis I, Le-Bescond L, Dien AT, Droin N, Kobayashi M, Kakegawa T, Jimenez M, Lacroix-Triki M, André F. LBA1 Unraveling the mechanism of action and resistance to trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd): Biomarker analyses from patients from DAISY trial. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Pape S, Snijders RJALM, Gevers TJG, Chazouilleres O, Dalekos GN, Hirschfield GM, Lenzi M, Trauner M, Manns MP, Vierling JM, Montano-Loza AJ, Lohse AW, Schramm C, Drenth JPH, Heneghan MA, Alvarez F, Andrade R, Arikan C, Assis D, Bardou-Jacquet E, Biewenga M, Cancado E, Cazzagon N, Chazouillères O, Colloredo G, Cuarterolo M, Dalekos G, Debray D, Robles-Díaz M, Drenth J, Dyson J, Efe C, Engel B, Ferri S, Fontana R, Gatselis N, Gerussi A, Halilbasic E, Halliday N, Heneghan M, Hirschfield G, van Hoek B, Hørby Jørgensen M, Indolfini G, Iorio R, Jeong S, Jones D, Kelly D, Kerkar N, Lacaille F, Lammert C, Leggett B, Lenzi M, Levy C, Liberal R, Lleo A, Lohse A, Ines Lopez S, de Martin E, McLin V, Mieli-Vergani G, Milkiewicz P, Mohan N, Muratori L, Nebbia G, van Nieuwkerk C, Oo Y, Ortega A, Páres A, Pop T, Pratt D, Purnak T, Ranucci G, Rushbrook S, Schramm C, Stättermayer A, Swain M, Tanaka A, Taubert R, Terrabuio D, Terziroli B, Trauner M, Valentino P, van den Brand F, Villamil A, Wahlin S, Ytting H, Zachou K, Zeniya M. Systematic review of response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. J Hepatol 2022; 76:841-849. [PMID: 35066089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) has been well characterised and codified through the development of diagnostic criteria. These criteria have been adapted and simplified and are widely used in clinical practice. However, there is a need to update and precisely define the criteria for both treatment response and treatment. METHODS A systematic review was performed and a modified Delphi consensus process was used to identify and redefine the response criteria in autoimmune hepatitis. RESULTS The consensus process initiated by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group proposes that the term 'complete biochemical response' defined as 'normalization of serum transaminases and IgG below the upper limit of normal' be adopted to include a time point at 6 months after initiation of treatment. An insufficient response by 6 months was a failure to meet the above definition. Non-response was defined as '<50% decrease of serum transaminases within 4 weeks after initiation of treatment'. Remission is defined as liver histology with a Hepatitis Activity Index <4/18. Intolerance to treatment was agreed to stand for 'any adverse event possibly related to treatment leading to potential drug discontinuation'. CONCLUSIONS These definitions provide a simple and reproducible framework to define treatment response and non-response, irrespective of the therapeutic intervention. A consensus on endpoints is urgently required to set a global standard for the reporting of study results and to enable inter-study comparisons. Future prospective database studies are needed to validate these endpoints. LAY SUMMARY Consensus among international experts on response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis is lacking. A consensus on endpoints is urgently required to set a global standard for the reporting of study results and to enable the comparison of results between clinical trials. Therefore, the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) herein presents a statement on 5 agreed response criteria and endpoints: complete biochemical response, insufficient response, non-response, remission, and intolerance to treatment, which can be used to guide future reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pape
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Romée J A L M Snijders
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Tom J G Gevers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6229HX, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Oliver Chazouilleres
- Hepatology Department, Reference Center for Inflammatory Biliary Diseases and Autoimmune Hepatitis, Saint-Antoine Hospital Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - George N Dalekos
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
| | - Gideon M Hirschfield
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marco Lenzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - John M Vierling
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aldo J Montano-Loza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Christoph Schramm
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Martin Zeitz Centre for Rare Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Michael A Heneghan
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER).
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A. Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 17:100393. [PMID: 35505833 PMCID: PMC9051933 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe clinical entity associated with pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection with a putative role of the spike protein into the immune system activation. Whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccine can induce this complication in children is unknown. We aimed to assess the risk of hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children. Methods We conducted a post-authorization national population-based surveillance using the French enhanced pharmacovigilance surveillance system for COVID-19 vaccines. All cases of suspected hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children between June 15th, 2021 and January 1st, 2022, were reported. Cases were reviewed according to WHO criteria for MIS-C. The reporting rate of this syndrome was compared to the MIS-C rate per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Findings Up to January 2022, 8,113,058 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses were administered to 4,079,234 12–17-year-old children. Among them, 12 presented a hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multisystemic involvement. Main clinical features included male predominance (10/12, 83%), cardiac involvement (10/12, 83%), digestive symptoms (10/12, 83%), coagulopathy (7/12, 58%), cytolytic hepatitis (6/12, 50%), and shock (5/12, 42%). 4/12 (33%) required intensive care unit transfer, and 3/12 (25%) hemodynamic support. All cases recovered. In eight cases, no evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was found. The reporting rate was 1.5 (95%CI [0.8; 2.6]) per 1,000,000 doses injected, i.e. 2.9 (95%CI [1.5; 5.1]) per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old vaccinated children. As a comparison, 113 MIS-C (95%CI [95; 135]) occurred per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation Very few cases of hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multi-organ involvement occurred following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children. The low reporting rate of this syndrome, compared to the rate of post-SARS-CoV-2 MIS-C in the same age-group, largely supports the vaccination in a context of an important circulation of SARS-CoV-2. Funding ESPID Fellowship Award; Grandir–Fonds de Solidarité Pour L'enfance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
- Corresponding author at: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Haleh Bagheri
- Department of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, CIC 1436, Toulouse University Hospital, France
| | - Francesco Salvo
- INSERM, BPH, U1219, Team Pharmacoepidemiology, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Pole de Santé Publique, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, Regional pharmacovigilance center of Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Antoine Pariente
- Team Pharmacoepidemiology, U1219 BPH Research Center, Bordeaux University, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martine Tebacher
- Regional pharmacovigilance center of Strasbourg, HUS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joëlle Micallef
- Marseille University hospital, Clinical pharmacology department Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1106, Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Bron, France
- EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Department of Paediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France, Reference center for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic diseases in children (RAISE), Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Imagine Institute, Paris University, Inserm U 1163, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hôpital Timone Enfant, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvain Renolleau
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
- Paris University, Paris EA7323, France
| | - Veronique Hentgen
- General Pediatrics department, Versailles Hospital, Paris, France
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Kone-Paut
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
- Pediatric Rheumatology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP, University of Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Nina Deschamps
- General Pediatrics department, Saint-Malo Hospital, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Loïc De Pontual
- General Pediatrics and Pediatric emergency department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Xavier Iriart
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Gras-Le Guen
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris F-75004, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for Rheumatic and AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France
- Corresponding author at: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France.
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47
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Pettoello-Mantovani M, Cardemil C, Cohen R, Levy C, Giardino I, Indrio F, Somekh E. Importance of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination in Children: Viewpoint and Recommendations of the Union of European National Societies of Pediatrics. J Pediatr 2022; 243:242-245. [PMID: 34973285 PMCID: PMC8716156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani
- European Paediatric Association/Union of National European Paediatric Societies and Associations (EPA/UNEPSA), Berlin, Germany; Association pour l'Activité et la Recherche Scìentifiques, ARS, Nouchatel, Switzerland; Italian Academy of Pediatrics, Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, "Casa Sollievo" Scientific Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Cristina Cardemil
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD
| | - Robert Cohen
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France; Association Clinique et thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France; Association Clinique et thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Ida Giardino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Flavia Indrio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, "Casa Sollievo" Scientific Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Eli Somekh
- European Paediatric Association/Union of National European Paediatric Societies and Associations (EPA/UNEPSA), Berlin, Germany; Association pour l'Activité et la Recherche Scìentifiques, ARS, Nouchatel, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics, Mayanei Hayeshuah Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Israel Pediatric Society, Tel Aviv, Israel
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48
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Cohen R, Pettoello-Mantovani M, Somekh E, Levy C. European Pediatric Societies Call for an Implementation of Regular Vaccination Programs to Contrast the Immunity Debt Associated to Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic in Children. J Pediatr 2022; 242:260-261.e3. [PMID: 34848191 PMCID: PMC8626874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France,Association Clinique et thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France,Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eli Somekh
- European Pediatric Association, Union of National European Pediatric Societies and Associations, Berlin, Germany,Department of Pediatrics, Mayanei Hayeshuah Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Israel Pediatric Society, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Corinne Levy
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP), Créteil, France,Association Clinique et thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Créteil, France,Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
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49
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Gaillard T, Carton M, Mailliez A, Desmoulins I, Mouret-Reynier M, Petit T, Leheurteur M, Dieras V, Ferrero J, Uwer L, Guiu S, Gonc¸alves A, Levy C, Debled M, Dalenc F, Patsouris A, Bachelot T, Eymard J, Chevrot M, Conversano A, Robain M, Hequet D. Corrigendum to “De novo metastatic breast cancer in patients with a small locoregional tumour (T1-T2/N0): characteristics and prognosis” [Eur J Cancer 158 (2021) 181–188]. Eur J Cancer 2022; 166:311-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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50
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Rybak A, Varon E, Masson E, Etchevers A, Levy-Brühl D, Ouldali N, Levy C, Cohen R. Investigation of Concurrent Pneumococcal Meningitis in Two Children Attending the Same Day-Care Center. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:945767. [PMID: 35928689 PMCID: PMC9344131 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.945767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a few clusters of invasive pneumococcal disease have been described globally in children, and most of these cases occurred before pneumococcal vaccination implementation. Two unusual cases of pneumococcal meningitis, occurring in the same daycare center over a 3-day period, were reported. Both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were sent to the National reference center for pneumococci. In addition, we decided to perform a pneumococcal carriage study on all children and staff of the daycare center to analyze the pneumococcal serotypes circulating in this DCC and to discuss an antibiotic chemoprophylaxis. CSF culture was positive for pneumococcus, and serotype 25A was identified by latex agglutination. The second case had negative CSF culture, but CSF antigen test and gene amplification results were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Serotype 12F was identified by using molecular biology. The absence of correlation between these strains was confirmed by multi-locus sequence typing. In the carriage study, we included 29 children (median age 1.9 years, interquartile range 1.4-2.5) and 10 adults. Among the children, 24 carried Streptococcus pneumoniae (83%). The main serotypes isolated were 23A for 6 children and 25A for 5 children; serotypes were non-typeable for 3 children. Only 1 of 10 adults tested carried Streptococcus pneumoniae (serotype 12F). Despite this temporo-spatial pattern, the cases were unrelated and not due to carriage of a particular serotype. No specific action has been taken for the other children attending this DCC, and no other case of bacterial meningitis occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Elodie Masson
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anne Etchevers
- The National Public Health institute, Saint-Maurice, France
| | | | - Naïm Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.,Neonates Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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