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Prévot-Monsacré P, Hamaide-Defrocourt F, Guyonvarch O, Masse S, Souty C, Mamou T, Hamel J, Antona D, Mathieu P, Vasseur P, Lévy-Bruhl D, Baroux N, Rossignol L, Vaillant L, Guerrisi C, Hanslik T, Dina J, Blanchon T. What is the relevancy of a surveillance of mumps without a systematic laboratory confirmation in highly immunized populations? Epidemiology of suspected and biologically confirmed mumps cases seen in general practice in France between 2014 and 2020. Vaccine 2024; 42:1065-1070. [PMID: 38092609 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In France, mumps surveillance is conducted in primary care by the Sentinelles network, the National Reference Centre for Measles, Mumps and Rubella and Santé publique France. AIM The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of suspected mumps in general practice, the proportion of laboratory confirmed cases and the factors associated with a virological confirmation. METHODS General practitioners (GPs) participating in the Sentinelles network should report all patients with suspected mumps according to a clinical definition in case of parotitis and a serological definition in case of clinical expression without parotitis. All suspected mumps cases reported between January 2014 and December 2020 were included. A sample of these cases were tested by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for mumps biological confirmation. RESULTS A total of 252 individuals with suspected mumps were included in the study. The average annual incidence rate of suspected mumps in general practice in France between 2014 and 2020 was estimated at 11 cases per 100,000 population [CI95%: 6-17]. A mumps confirmation RT-PCR test was performed on 146 cases amongst which 17 (11.5 %) were positive. Age (between 20 and 29 years old), the presence of a clinical complication and an exposure to a suspected mumps case within the 21 days prior the current episode were associated with a mumps biological confirmation. CONCLUSION If these results confirm the circulation of mumps virus in France, they highlight the limits of a surveillance without a systematic laboratory confirmation in highly immunized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Prévot-Monsacré
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Florent Hamaide-Defrocourt
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Ophélie Guyonvarch
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Shirley Masse
- Laboratoire de Virologie, UR7310, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, 20250 Corte, France
| | - Cécile Souty
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Mamou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Justine Hamel
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR1311, National Reference Center for Measles, Mumps and Rubella, CHU Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Pauline Mathieu
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Pauline Vasseur
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lévy-Bruhl
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Noémie Baroux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Louise Rossignol
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France; Département de Médecine Générale, Université Paris Cité, F75018 Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Vaillant
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Guerrisi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Hanslik
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France; Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP, Boulogne Billancourt, France; Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UVSQ, UFR de Médecine Simone Veil, Versailles, France
| | - Julia Dina
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR1311, National Reference Center for Measles, Mumps and Rubella, CHU Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France
| | - Thierry Blanchon
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, F75012 Paris, France.
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Franconeri L, Antona D, Cauchemez S, Lévy-Bruhl D, Paireau J. Two-dose measles vaccine effectiveness remains high over time: A French observational study, 2017-2019. Vaccine 2023; 41:5797-5804. [PMID: 37586955 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From 2008 to 2019, France has experienced a resurgence of measles epidemics. Surveillance data have shown that the proportion of cases vaccinated with two doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) increased with age, raising concerns about the duration of vaccine protection. Our objectives were to investigate age-stratified vaccine effectiveness (VE) for the second dose of MCV (MCV2) and to quantify protection levels over time. METHODS We analyzed data on measles cases aged 2-31 years, reported via mandatory notification to the French measles surveillance system from October 2017 to September 2019. We estimated an age-stratified VE for MCV2 using the screening method, which compares the vaccination status of cases with that of the general population. We improved this method by accounting for natural immunity, exploring four scenarios with four possible levels of natural immunity in the population. In addition, we quantified the decay rate of protection over time, by fitting an exponential decay model among individuals vaccinated in early life. RESULTS In the baseline analysis (absence of natural immunity), VE estimates were high in all age groups and decreased with age, from 99.6 % (95 % confidence interval: 99.3-99.8) in 2-5 years old to 91.4 % (85.1-95.0) in 26-31 years old. Accounting for natural immunity increased VE in the older age group to 93.2-99.2 % depending on the scenario. We estimated that VE was slowly decreasing over time, with an exponential decay rate of 0.0022/year (0.0017-0.0028), leading to VE of 96.7 % (96.0-97.4) 16 years after MCV2 vaccination. This decline was most compatible with scenario 2, a scenario of 4.4 % naturally immunized, non-vaccinated individuals in the 26-31 years old. CONCLUSION Our study confirms the continued high effectiveness of two doses of MCV with only slight degradation, decades after immunization. These findings support the importance of achieving a very high vaccination coverage with 2 doses of MCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Franconeri
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé publique France, 94415 Saint Maurice, France.
| | - Denise Antona
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé publique France, 94415 Saint Maurice, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lévy-Bruhl
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé publique France, 94415 Saint Maurice, France
| | - Juliette Paireau
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé publique France, 94415 Saint Maurice, France; Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, 75015 Paris, France
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A, Donzeau A, Aridi LE, Lety S, Leboucher B, Baur A, Jeusset L, Selegny M, Fedorczuk C, Lajus M, Bensaid P, Laoudi Y, Pons C, Robert AC, Beaucourt C, De Pontual L, Richard M, Goisque E, Iriart X, Brissaud O, Segretin P, Molimard J, Orecel MC, Benoit G, Bongiovanni L, Guerder M, Pouyau R, De Guillebon De Resnes JM, Mezgueldi E, Cour-Andlauer F, Horvat C, Poinsot P, Frachette C, Ouziel A, Gillet Y, Barrey C, Brouard J, Villedieu F, Ro V, Elanga N, Gajdos V, Basmaci R, Mutar H, Rouget S, Nattes E, Hau I, Biscardi S, Jurdi HE, Jung C, Semama D, Huet F, Zoccarato AM, Sarakbi M, Mortamet G, Bost-Bru C, Bassil J, Vinit C, Hentgen V, Leroux P, Bertrand V, Parrod C, Craiu I, Kone-Paut I, Durand P, Tissiere P, Claude C, Morelle G, Guiddir T, Borocco C, Delion F, Guillot C, Leteurtre S, Dubos F, Jouancastay M, Martinot A, Voeusler V, Languepin J, Garrec N, Demersay AC, Morand A, Bosdure E, Vanel N, Ughetto F, Michel F, Caujolle M, Blonde R, Nguyen J, Vignaud O, Masserot-Lureau C, Gouraud F, Araujo C, Ingrao T, Naji S, Sehaba M, Roche C, Carbasse A, Milesi C, Mazeghrane M, Haupt S, Schweitzer C, Romefort B, Launay E, Guen CGL, Ali A, Blot N, Tran A, Rancurel A, Afanetti M, Odorico S, Talmud D, Chosidow A, Romain AS, Grimprel E, Pouletty M, Gaschignard J, Corseri O, Faye A, Gaschignard J, Melki I, Ducrocq C, Benzoïd C, Lokmer J, Dauger S, Chomton M, Deho A, Lebourgeois F, Renolleau S, Lesage F, Moulin F, Dupic L, Pinhas Y, Debray A, Chalumeau M, Abadie V, Frange P, Cohen JF, Allali S, Curtis W, Belhadjer Z, Auriau J, Méot M, Houyel L, Bonnet D, Delacourt C, Meunier BB, Quartier P, Shaim Y, Baril L, Crommelynck S, Jacquot B, Blanc P, Maledon N, Robert B, Loeile C, Cazau C, Loron G, Gaga S, Vittot C, Nabhani LE, Buisson F, Prudent M, Flodrops H, Mokraoui F, Escoda S, Deschamps N, Bonnemains L, Mahi SL, Mertes C, Terzic J, Helms J, Idier C, Chenichene S, Ursulescu NM, Beaujour G, Hakim A, Miquel A, Rey A, Wiedermann A, Charbonneau A, Veauvy-Juven A, Ferry A, Mandelcwajg A, Rousseau A, Prenant A, Bourneuf AL, Filleron A, Robine A, Félix A, Parizel A, Labarre A, Cantais A, Ros B, Coulon B, Biot B, Dalichoux B, Fournier B, Cagnard B, Vanel B, Brossier D, Ménager B, Ozanne B, Marie-Jeanne C, Bergerot C, Chavy C, Guidon C, Fabre C, Galeotti C, Baker C, Ballot-Schmit C, Belleau C, Charasse C, Favel C, Toumi C, Ferrandiz C, Couturier C, Pouchoux C, Chomton-Cailliez M, Kevorkian-Verguet C, Brunet C, Manteau C, Mougey C, Santy C, Fitament C, Petriat C, Rebelle C, Charron C, Dartus M, Toulorge D, Guillou-Debuisson C, Bartebin D, Klein V, Broustal E, Desselas E, Marteau E, Bouvrot E, Delacroix E, Coinde E, Elnabhani L, Amouyal E, Chaillou E, Gabilly-Bernard E, Ruiz E, Thibault E, Robin E, Darrieux E, Blondel E, Socchi F, Cazassus F, Bajolle F, Lacin F, Madhi F, Zekre F, Guerin F, Boussicault G, Ginies H, Magloire G, Arnold G, Coulognon I, Sicard-Cras I, Kahn JE, Bordet J, Fausser JL, Baleine JF, Brice J, Gendras J, Pekin K, Norbert K, Karsenty C, Savary L, Martinat L, Lesniewski L, Charbonnier L, Alexandre L, Percheron L, Vincenti M, Selegny M, Lanzini M, Grisval M, Mercy M, Lampin ME, Desgranges M, Duperril M, Orcel MC, Audier M, Favier M, Carpentier M, Balcean M, Bonnet M, Jouret M, Delattre M, Levy M, Valensi M, Shum M, Dumortier M, Gelin M, Nemmouchi M, Williaume M, Sebaha M, Genetay-Stanescu N, Giroux N, Crassard N, Derridj N, Lachaume N, Werner O, Guilluy O, Richer O, Tirel O, Pauvert A, Casha P, Perez N, Gras P, Leger PL, Pinchou M, Mornand P, Largo P, Ibanez RC, Roulland C, Albarazi SH, Bichali S, Faton S, Schott A, Walser S, Guillaume S, Vincent S, Galene-Gromez S, Kozisek S, Maugard T, Blanc T, Navarro T, Lauvray T, Kovacs T, Launay V, Despert V, Lhostis V, Gall V, Micaelli X, Benadjaoud Y, Matoussi Z, Géniaux H, Facile A, Pietri T, Palassin P, Pinel S, Chouchana L, Callot D, Boulay C. Correction to “Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study”. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022. [PMID: 35967266 PMCID: PMC9364716 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A. Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 17:100393. [PMID: 35505833 PMCID: PMC9051933 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe clinical entity associated with pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection with a putative role of the spike protein into the immune system activation. Whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccine can induce this complication in children is unknown. We aimed to assess the risk of hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children. Methods We conducted a post-authorization national population-based surveillance using the French enhanced pharmacovigilance surveillance system for COVID-19 vaccines. All cases of suspected hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children between June 15th, 2021 and January 1st, 2022, were reported. Cases were reviewed according to WHO criteria for MIS-C. The reporting rate of this syndrome was compared to the MIS-C rate per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Findings Up to January 2022, 8,113,058 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses were administered to 4,079,234 12–17-year-old children. Among them, 12 presented a hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multisystemic involvement. Main clinical features included male predominance (10/12, 83%), cardiac involvement (10/12, 83%), digestive symptoms (10/12, 83%), coagulopathy (7/12, 58%), cytolytic hepatitis (6/12, 50%), and shock (5/12, 42%). 4/12 (33%) required intensive care unit transfer, and 3/12 (25%) hemodynamic support. All cases recovered. In eight cases, no evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was found. The reporting rate was 1.5 (95%CI [0.8; 2.6]) per 1,000,000 doses injected, i.e. 2.9 (95%CI [1.5; 5.1]) per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old vaccinated children. As a comparison, 113 MIS-C (95%CI [95; 135]) occurred per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation Very few cases of hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multi-organ involvement occurred following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children. The low reporting rate of this syndrome, compared to the rate of post-SARS-CoV-2 MIS-C in the same age-group, largely supports the vaccination in a context of an important circulation of SARS-CoV-2. Funding ESPID Fellowship Award; Grandir–Fonds de Solidarité Pour L'enfance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
- Corresponding author at: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Haleh Bagheri
- Department of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, CIC 1436, Toulouse University Hospital, France
| | - Francesco Salvo
- INSERM, BPH, U1219, Team Pharmacoepidemiology, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Pole de Santé Publique, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, Regional pharmacovigilance center of Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Antoine Pariente
- Team Pharmacoepidemiology, U1219 BPH Research Center, Bordeaux University, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martine Tebacher
- Regional pharmacovigilance center of Strasbourg, HUS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joëlle Micallef
- Marseille University hospital, Clinical pharmacology department Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1106, Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Bron, France
- EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Department of Paediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France, Reference center for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic diseases in children (RAISE), Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Imagine Institute, Paris University, Inserm U 1163, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hôpital Timone Enfant, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvain Renolleau
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
- Paris University, Paris EA7323, France
| | - Veronique Hentgen
- General Pediatrics department, Versailles Hospital, Paris, France
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Kone-Paut
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
- Pediatric Rheumatology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP, University of Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Nina Deschamps
- General Pediatrics department, Saint-Malo Hospital, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Loïc De Pontual
- General Pediatrics and Pediatric emergency department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Xavier Iriart
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Gras-Le Guen
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris F-75004, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for Rheumatic and AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France
- Corresponding author at: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France.
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Antona D. [Vaccination, a public health tool]. Rev Infirm 2022; 71:16-18. [PMID: 35397833 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination remains a major public health tool, the only one that has enabled the eradication of an infectious disease, smallpox. In this fight, biotechnological innovations point to considerable progress in the development of new vaccines. However, whatever technical progress is made, the impact of a vaccination program will depend on its performance and on the support of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, Allée Vacassy, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France.
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Charlier C, Dina J, Freymuth F, Vabret A, Lortholary O, Antona D, Lecuit M. Prolonged Maternal Shedding and Maternal-fetal Transmission of Measles Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:1631-1634. [PMID: 32614433 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged measles virus detection in maternal saliva and blood was evidenced in 6 pregnant women. Maternal-fetal transmission was evidenced in 2 of 4 infants who were asymptomatic at birth, 21-24 weeks after maternal infection. Whereas peripartum congenital measles is severe, asymptomatic measles virus vertical transmission can occur earlier in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Charlier
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Julia Dina
- Normandie University, University of Caen Normandy, Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne EA2656, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France.,National Reference Center for Measles Mumps and Rubella, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - François Freymuth
- Normandie University, University of Caen Normandy, Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne EA2656, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France.,National Reference Center for Measles Mumps and Rubella, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- Normandie University, University of Caen Normandy, Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne EA2656, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France.,National Reference Center for Measles Mumps and Rubella, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Université de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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Ouldali N, Toubiana J, Antona D, Javouhey E, Madhi F, Lorrot M, Léger PL, Galeotti C, Claude C, Wiedemann A, Lachaume N, Ovaert C, Dumortier M, Kahn JE, Mandelcwajg A, Percheron L, Biot B, Bordet J, Girardin ML, Yang DD, Grimaud M, Oualha M, Allali S, Bajolle F, Beyler C, Meinzer U, Levy M, Paulet AM, Levy C, Cohen R, Belot A, Angoulvant F. Association of Intravenous Immunoglobulins Plus Methylprednisolone vs Immunoglobulins Alone With Course of Fever in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. JAMA 2021; 325:855-864. [PMID: 33523115 PMCID: PMC7851757 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe pediatric disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, potentially life-threatening, but the optimal therapeutic strategy remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) plus methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone as initial therapy in MIS-C. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective cohort study drawn from a national surveillance system with propensity score-matched analysis. All cases with suspected MIS-C were reported to the French National Public Health Agency. Confirmed MIS-C cases fulfilling the World Health Organization definition were included. The study started on April 1, 2020, and follow-up ended on January 6, 2021. EXPOSURES IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was persistence of fever 2 days after the introduction of initial therapy or recrudescence of fever within 7 days, which defined treatment failure. Secondary outcomes included a second-line therapy, hemodynamic support, acute left ventricular dysfunction after first-line therapy, and length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit. The primary analysis involved propensity score matching with a minimum caliper of 0.1. RESULTS Among 181 children with suspected MIS-C, 111 fulfilled the World Health Organization definition (58 females [52%]; median age, 8.6 years [interquartile range, 4.7 to 12.1]). Five children did not receive either treatment. Overall, 3 of 34 children (9%) in the IVIG and methylprednisolone group and 37 of 72 (51%) in the IVIG alone group did not respond to treatment. Treatment with IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone was associated with lower risk of treatment failure (absolute risk difference, -0.28 [95% CI, -0.48 to -0.08]; odds ratio [OR], 0.25 [95% CI, 0.09 to 0.70]; P = .008). IVIG and methylprednisolone therapy vs IVIG alone was also significantly associated with lower risk of use of second-line therapy (absolute risk difference, -0.22 [95% CI, -0.40 to -0.04]; OR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.61]; P = .004), hemodynamic support (absolute risk difference, -0.17 [95% CI, -0.34 to -0.004]; OR, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.76]), acute left ventricular dysfunction occurring after initial therapy (absolute risk difference, -0.18 [95% CI, -0.35 to -0.01]; OR, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.66]), and duration of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (median, 4 vs 6 days; difference in days, -2.4 [95% CI, -4.0 to -0.7]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among children with MIS-C, treatment with IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone was associated with a more favorable fever course. Study interpretation is limited by the observational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence Nationale de Santé Publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Bron, France
- EA 7426 Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Paediatric Department, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatric, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Léger
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Galeotti
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Reference Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Amyloidosis (CEREMAIA), Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Caroline Claude
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Children’s Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Paediatric Department, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- INSERM UMRS 1256 NGERE, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Noémie Lachaume
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Departement, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Timone Hospital Marseille, University Hospital, Marseille, France
- INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Morgane Dumortier
- Hôpital Femme Enfant Adolescent, Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Emergency, University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Kahn
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Internal Medicine Department, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Lucas Percheron
- Hôpital des Enfants, Paediatric Nephrology Department, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Biot
- Paediatric Department, Hôpital de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Jeanne Bordet
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Paediatric Cardiology Department, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Laure Girardin
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marion Grimaud
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, EA7323, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, EA7323, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Slimane Allali
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Bajolle
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, M3C Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Constance Beyler
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Cardiopaediatric Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre for Research on Inflammation, UMR1149, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ana-Maria Paulet
- Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Paediatric Department, Trévenans, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/INSERM U1111, Bron, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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8
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Guenver C, Oualha M, Levy C, Antona D, Madhi F, Toubiana J, Lachaume N, Javouhey E, Lorrot M, Yang DD, Levy M, Caseris M, Galeotti C, Ovaert C, Wiedemann A, Girardin ML, Rybak A, Cohen R, Belot A, Angoulvant F, Ouldali N. Educational Setting and SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome: A French National Surveillance System. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:745364. [PMID: 34765576 PMCID: PMC8576449 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.745364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe form associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. To reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the population level, educational setting closure have been implemented in many countries. However, the direct benefit of school closure on the MIS-C burden remains to be explored. We aimed to assess the role of educational settings in SARS-CoV-2 transmission among children with MIS-C. Methods: We conducted a French national prospective surveillance of MIS-C, coordinated by Public Health France, from April 2020 to March 2021. During this period, we included all children with MIS-C fulfilling the WHO definition who were reported to Public Health France. For each child, we traced the source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The main outcome was the proportion of children with MIS-C, with educational setting-related SARS-CoV-2 infection, during the period of school opening. Results: We included 142 children fulfilling WHO criteria for MIS-C: 104 (70%) cases occurred during school opening periods. In total, 62/104 children (60%, 95%CI [50; 69]) had been contaminated by a household contact and 5/104 in educational settings (5%, 95%CI [2; 11]). Among children with MIS-C occurring during school closure periods, the proportion of household transmission remained similar (66%, 25/38). Conclusion: Children with MIS-C were mainly infected by SARS-CoV-2 within their family environment, and the educational setting played a marginal role in this transmission. This suggests that mitigating school attendance may not reduce substantially the burden of MIS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Guenver
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Paediatric Department, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Noémie Lachaume
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Le Born, France.,EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatric, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Galeotti
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Reference Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Amyloidosis (CEREMAIA), Bicêtre University hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Timone Hospital Marseille, University Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Paediatric Department, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.,INSERM UMRS 1256 NGERE, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Laure Girardin
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, & Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/INSERM U1111, Bron, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
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9
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Pivette M, Taha MK, Barret AS, Polard E, Hautier MB, Dufour JB, Faisant M, King LA, Antona D, Levy-Bruhl D, Tillaut H, Scanff A, Morival C, Aranda Grau JH, Guillaumot P, Gagnière B. Targeted vaccination campaigns of teenagers after two clusters of B invasive meningococcal disease in Brittany, France, 2017. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1382. [PMID: 32912190 PMCID: PMC7488129 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In December 2016, three cases of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease, including two children from the same middle school (11 to 15 years old pupils), occurred in the department (administrative district) Côtes-d’Armor (Brittany, France). They were infected by a rare strain (B:P1.7–2,4:F5–9:cc162), covered by the 4CMenB vaccine (Bexsero®). Four months later, two cases due to the same strain occurred in a high school in the same area (15 to 19 years old students). In accordance with French recommendations, vaccination was proposed to students of both schools and to all individuals aged 11–19 years living or studying in the hyperendemic area. We describe these vaccination campaigns, from the alert to the impact evaluation. Methods The target population included 8884 people: 579 in the middle school, 2007 in the high school and 6298 in the community. In both schools, vaccination sessions were organized directly on site. In the community, teenagers were vaccinated by general practitioners. The vaccination campaign took place from May to October 2017. An active pharmacovigilance follow-up was set up to document adverse effects of the vaccine. Results Considering the whole target population, the vaccination coverage was estimated at 43% for 1 dose and 34% for 2 doses. Higher vaccination coverage was observed in the schools (79% in the middle school and 42% in the high school for 2 doses) than in the community (27% for 2 doses). The reported adverse effects were consistent with the safety profile of the vaccine and no severe adverse effect was reported. Conclusions This vaccination campaign was the third one implemented with Bexsero® in France and constitutes a reproducible approach for future targeted vaccination campaigns. No additional cases of the same strain have occurred since the end of the campaigns in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pivette
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France.
| | - Muhamed-Kheir Taha
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Meningococci, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Barret
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des maladies infectieuses, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Elisabeth Polard
- Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Information Center, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | | | - Jean-Benoît Dufour
- Agence régionale de santé Bretagne, Regional health agency, Rennes, France
| | - Marlène Faisant
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Lisa Antoinette King
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des maladies infectieuses, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Daniel Levy-Bruhl
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des maladies infectieuses, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Hélène Tillaut
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Alexandre Scanff
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Camille Morival
- Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Information Center, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | | | - Pierre Guillaumot
- Agence régionale de santé Bretagne, Regional health agency, Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand Gagnière
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Direction des régions, Cellule Bretagne, Rennes, France
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10
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Lévy-Bruhl D, Fonteneau L, Vaux S, Barret AS, Antona D, Bonmarin I, Che D, Quelet S, Coignard B. Assessment of the impact of the extension of vaccination mandates on vaccine coverage after 1 year, France, 2019. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24. [PMID: 31266592 PMCID: PMC6607743 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2019.24.26.1900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One year after the extension of the childhood vaccination mandates to the 11 routine vaccinations for children under 2 years old, we estimated vaccination coverage through vaccine reimbursement data. Coverage for children born in 2018 has notably increased. Moreover, vaccine coverage for children and for vaccines not concerned by the law have also shown an increasing trend, supporting a positive impact of the ongoing communication strategy on vaccination, beyond the extension of vaccination mandates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie Vaux
- Santé publique France, Saint Maurice, France
| | | | | | | | - Didier Che
- Santé publique France, Saint Maurice, France
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11
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Belot A, Antona D, Renolleau S, Javouhey E, Hentgen V, Angoulvant F, Delacourt C, Iriart X, Ovaert C, Bader-Meunier B, Kone-Paut I, Levy-Bruhl D. SARS-CoV-2-related paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, an epidemiological study, France, 1 March to 17 May 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25. [PMID: 32524957 PMCID: PMC7336112 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.22.2001010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
End of April 2020, French clinicians observed an increase in cases presenting with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS). Nationwide surveillance was set up and demonstrated temporospatial association with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic for 156 reported cases as at 17 May: 108 were classified as confirmed (n = 79), probable (n = 16) or possible (n = 13) post-COVID-19 PIMS cases. A continuum of clinical features from Kawasaki-like disease to myocarditis was observed, requiring intensive care in 67% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Belot
- Filière de santé des maladies auto-immunes et auto-inflammatoires rares (FAI2R), Lyon, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice cedex, France
| | - Sylvain Renolleau
- Groupe francophone de réanimation et d'urgences pédiatriques (GFRUP), Paris, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Groupe francophone de réanimation et d'urgences pédiatriques (GFRUP), Paris, France
| | - Véronique Hentgen
- Groupe de pathologies infectieuses pédiatriques (GPIP), Nice, France
| | | | | | - Xavier Iriart
- Société Française de Cardiologie, filiale de Cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale (FCPC), Paris, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Société Française de Cardiologie, filiale de Cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale (FCPC), Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Société francophone dédiée à l'étude des maladies inflammatoires pédiatriques (SOFREMIP), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Kone-Paut
- Société francophone dédiée à l'étude des maladies inflammatoires pédiatriques (SOFREMIP), Paris, France
| | - Daniel Levy-Bruhl
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice cedex, France
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12
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Barret A, Clinard F, Taha M, Girard I, Hong E, Tessier S, Zurbaran M, de Bort C, Antona D, Deghmane A, Jestin C, Dupont H, Lévy-Bruhl D, Tillier C. Cluster of serogroup W invasive meningococcal disease in a university campus. Med Mal Infect 2020; 50:335-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Aubart M, Gitiaux C, Roux CJ, Levy R, Schuffenecker I, Mirand A, Bach N, Moulin F, Bergounioux J, Leruez-Ville M, Rozenberg F, Sterlin D, Musset L, Antona D, Boddaert N, Zhang SY, Kossorotoff M, Desguerre I. Severe Acute Flaccid Myelitis Associated With Enterovirus in Children: Two Phenotypes for Two Evolution Profiles? Front Neurol 2020; 11:343. [PMID: 32411086 PMCID: PMC7198806 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an acute paralysis syndrome defined by a specific inflammation of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. From 2014, worrying waves of life-threatening AFM consecutive to enterovirus infection (EV-D68 and EV-A71) have been reported. We describe 10 children displaying an AFM with an EV infection, the treatments performed and the 1 to 3-years follow-up. Two groups of patients were distinguished: 6 children (“polio-like group”) had severe motor disability whereas 4 other children (“brainstem group”) displayed severe brainstem weakness requiring ventilation support. Electrodiagnostic studies (n = 8) support the presence of a motor neuronopathy associated to myelitis. The best prognosis factor seems to be the motor recovery after the first 4 weeks of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melodie Aubart
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France.,INSERM 1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Gitiaux
- Department of Paediatric Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France.,INSERM U955-Team 10, Department of Neurosciences, Mondor Biomedical Research Institute, Paris-Est University, Créteil, France
| | - Charles Joris Roux
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Levy
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Schuffenecker
- Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Center for Enterovirus, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Center for Enterovirus Associated Laboratory, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Bach
- Paediatric Department, CHU Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Florence Moulin
- Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean Bergounioux
- Intensive Care Unit, CHU Raymond Poincaré, Paris Saclay University, AP-HP, Garches, France
| | - Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Laboratory of Virology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Laboratory of Virology, Cochin Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sterlin
- Laboratory of Immunology, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Musset
- Laboratory of Immunology, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- INSERM U955-Team 10, Department of Neurosciences, Mondor Biomedical Research Institute, Paris-Est University, Créteil, France.,Department of Paediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Manoelle Kossorotoff
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Paris, France
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14
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Bonneton M, Antona D, Danis K, Aït-Belghiti F, Levy-Bruhl D. Are vaccinated measles cases protected against severe disease? Vaccine 2020; 38:4516-4519. [PMID: 32418790 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate vaccine effectiveness against severe measles based on the number of vaccine doses administered and the time since last vaccination. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included measles cases aged at least 2 years and born since 1980 who were notified in France between 2006 and mid-2019. We considered two severity levels (moderate, severe) and calculated adjusted relative risks (aRR) using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS We included 10,399 cases. The risk of severe measles in two-dose vaccine recipients was 71% (aRR = 0.29 [95%CI 0.12-0.72]) and 83% (aRR = 0.17 [95%CI 0.04-0.70]) lower than in unvaccinated cases, if the time since last dose was less or more than 15 years, respectively. The risk of moderate disease followed a similar pattern. CONCLUSIONS Two-dose measles vaccination provided long-term protection against severe cases, even after vaccine failures. These findings underscore the need for compliance to the recommended measles vaccination schedule to prevent severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bonneton
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
| | - D Antona
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
| | - K Danis
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
| | - F Aït-Belghiti
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
| | - D Levy-Bruhl
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
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15
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Bernadou A, Astrugue C, Méchain M, Le Galliard V, Verdun-Esquer C, Dupuy F, Dina J, Aït-Belghiti F, Antona D, Vandentorren S. Measles outbreak linked to insufficient vaccination coverage in Nouvelle-Aquitaine Region, France, October 2017 to July 2018. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 23. [PMID: 30064543 PMCID: PMC6153432 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.30.1800373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
On 30 October 2017, an outbreak of measles started in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine (NA) region in France among Bordeaux University students before spreading to other regions. Until 1 July 2018, 1,101 cases were reported in NA, including 98 complications and two deaths. Cases were related to clusters (e.g. students, healthcare workers) in 16%; 81% of cases were not vaccinated against measles as recommended. Vaccination coverage above herd immunity threshold remains the main preventative outbreak measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bernadou
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.,Santé Publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Regional office in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Astrugue
- Santé Publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Regional office in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Julia Dina
- National Reference Center for Measles, Mumps and Rubella, CHU de Caen, Virology Department, Caen, France
| | - Fatima Aït-Belghiti
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Infectious Diseases Department, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Infectious Diseases Department, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- Santé Publique France, French National Public Health Agency, Regional office in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
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16
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Basso S, Navarria F, Belluco C, Palazzari E, Olivieri M, Lauretta A, Gigante M, Innocente R, Breda B, Antona D, De Paoli A, Bertola G. Feasibility of surgical salvage combined with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for recurrent soft tissue sarcoma after multimodality treatment. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Bernadou A, Méchain M, Astrugue C, Delance S, Le Galliard V, Meurice L, Antona D, Vandentorren S. Épidémie de rougeole en cours dans une région française, novembre 2017 à février 2018. Med Mal Infect 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.04.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Hong E, Barret AS, Terrade A, Denizon M, Antona D, Aouiti-Trabelsi M, Deghmane AE, Parent du Châtelet I, Levy-Bruhl D, Taha MK. Clonal replacement and expansion among invasive meningococcal isolates of serogroup W in France. J Infect 2018; 76:149-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Parent du Chatelet I, Deghmane A, Antona D, Hong E, Fonteneau L, Taha M, Lévy-Bruhl D. Characteristics and changes in invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in France, 2006–2015. J Infect 2017; 74:564-574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Antona D, Kossorotoff M, Schuffenecker I, Mirand A, Leruez-Ville M, Bassi C, Aubart M, Moulin F, Lévy-Bruhl D, Henquell C, Lina B, Desguerre I. Severe paediatric conditions linked with EV-A71 and EV-D68, France, May to October 2016. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21. [PMID: 27918268 PMCID: PMC5144948 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.46.30402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report 59 cases of severe paediatric conditions linked with enterovirus (EV)-A71 and EV-D68 in France between May and October 2016. Fifty-two children had severe neurological symptoms. EV sequence-based typing for 42 cases revealed EV-A71 in 21 (18 subgenotype C1, detected for the first time in France) and EV-D68 in eight. Clinicians should be encouraged to obtain stool and respiratory specimens from patients presenting with severe neurological disorders for EV detection and characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Manoëlle Kossorotoff
- Service de neuropédiatrie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker - Enfants malades, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Schuffenecker
- CNR des entérovirus et parechovirus, laboratoire de virologie, Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- CNR des entérovirus et parechovirus-laboratoire associé, laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | | | - Clément Bassi
- Cellule d'intervention en région Ile de France, Santé publique France, Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Service de neuropédiatrie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker - Enfants malades, Paris, France
| | - Florence Moulin
- Service de réanimation pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker - Enfants malades, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lévy-Bruhl
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- CNR des entérovirus et parechovirus-laboratoire associé, laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Lina
- CNR des entérovirus et parechovirus, laboratoire de virologie, Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Service de neuropédiatrie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker - Enfants malades, Paris, France
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21
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Schuffenecker I, Mirand A, Josset L, Henquell C, Hecquet D, Pilorgé L, Petitjean-Lecherbonnier J, Manoha C, Legoff J, Deback C, Pillet S, Lepiller Q, Mansuy JM, Marque-Juillet S, Antona D, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Lina B. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients infected with enterovirus D68, France, July to December 2014. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:30226. [PMID: 27195770 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.19.30226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2014, the United States (US) experienced a nationwide outbreak of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infection with 1,152 cases reported mainly in hospitalised children with severe asthma or bronchiolitis. Following the US alert, 11 laboratories of the French enterovirus (EV) surveillance network participated in an EV-D68 survey. A total of 6,229 respiratory samples, collected from 1 July to 31 December 2014, were screened for EV-D68 resulting in 212 EV-D68-positive samples. These 212 samples corresponded to 200 EV-D68 cases. The overall EV-D68 positivity rates among respiratory samples were of 5% (184/3,645) and 1.1% (28/2,584) in hospitalised children and adults respectively. The maximum weekly EV-D68 positivity rates were of 16.1% for children (n = 24/149; week 43) and 2.6% for adults (n = 3/115; week 42). Of 173 children with EV-D68 infection alone, the main symptoms were asthma (n = 83; 48.0%) and bronchiolitis (n = 37; 21.4%). One child developed acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) following EV-D68-associated pneumonia. Although there was no significant increase in severe respiratory tract infections reported to the French public health authorities, 10.7% (19/177) of the EV-D68 infected children and 14.3% (3/21) of the EV-D68 infected adults were hospitalised in intensive care units. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral protein 1 (VP1) sequences of 179 EV-D68 cases, revealed that 117 sequences (65.4%), including that of the case of AFP, belonged to the B2 variant of clade B viruses. Continuous surveillance of EV-D68 infections is warranted and could benefit from existing influenza-like illness and EV surveillance networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Schuffenecker
- Centre National de Référence des Enterovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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22
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Vygen S, Fischer A, Meurice L, Mounchetrou Njoya I, Gregoris M, Ndiaye B, Ghenassia A, Poujol I, Stahl JP, Antona D, Le Strat Y, Levy-Bruhl D, Rolland P. Waning immunity against mumps in vaccinated young adults, France 2013. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:30156. [PMID: 26987576 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.10.30156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, 15 clusters of mumps were notified in France; 72% (82/114) of the cases had been vaccinated twice with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. To determine whether the risk of mumps increased with time since the last vaccination, we conducted a case-control study among clusters in universities and military barracks. A confirmed case had an inflammation of a salivary gland plus laboratory confirmation in 2013. A probable case presented with inflammation of a salivary gland in 2013 either lasting for > 2 days or with epidemiological link to a confirmed case. Controls had no mumps symptoms and attended the same university course, student party or military barracks. We collected clinical and vaccination data via web questionnaire and medical records. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression. 59% (50/85) of cases and 62% (199/321) of controls had been vaccinated twice. The odds of mumps increased for twice-vaccinated individuals by 10% for every year that had passed since the second dose (aOR 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.19; p = 0.02). Mumps immunity waned with increasing time since vaccination. Our findings contributed to the French High Council of Public Health's decision to recommend a third MMR dose during outbreaks for individuals whose second dose dates > 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Vygen
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Department of Coordination of Alerts and Regions (DCAR), Regional office in Aquitaine
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23
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Jones G, Haeghebaert S, Merlin B, Antona D, Simon N, Elmouden M, Battist F, Janssens M, Wyndels K, Chaud P. Measles outbreak in a refugee settlement in Calais, France: January to February 2016. Euro Surveill 2016; 21:30167. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.11.30167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a measles outbreak in a refugee settlement in Calais, France, between 5 January and 11 February 2016. In total, 13 confirmed measles cases were identified among migrants, healthcare workers in hospital and volunteers working on site. A large scale vaccination campaign was carried out in the settlement within two weeks of outbreak notification. In total, 60% of the estimated target population of 3,500 refugees was vaccinated during the week-long campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jones
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - S Haeghebaert
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - B Merlin
- Regional health agency Nord-Pas-de-Calais Picardie (ARS), Lille, France
| | - D Antona
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint Maurice, France
| | - N Simon
- Etablissement de préparation et de réponse aux urgences sanitaires (EPRUS), Paris, France
| | - M Elmouden
- Medical centres for vulnerable populations, Calais Hospital and refugee camp, Calais, France
| | - F Battist
- Emergency ward and health care unit for vulnerable patients, Calais hospital, Calais, France
| | - M Janssens
- Médecins sans frontières (MSF), Paris, France
| | - K Wyndels
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - P Chaud
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
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24
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Fischer A, Vygen S, Antona D, Le Strat Y, Levy-Bruhl D, Rolland P. Diminution de l’efficacité vaccinale anti-ourlienne avec le temps, étude cas-témoins, France 2013. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2014.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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25
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Antona D, Lévy-Bruhl D, Baudon C, Freymuth F, Lamy M, Maine C, Floret D, Parent du Chatelet I. Measles elimination efforts and 2008-2011 outbreak, France. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19:357-64. [PMID: 23618523 PMCID: PMC3647670 DOI: 10.3201/eid1903.121360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although few measles cases were reported in France during 2006 and 2007, suggesting the country might have been close to eliminating the disease, a dramatic outbreak of >20,000 cases occurred during 2008–2011. Adolescents and young adults accounted for more than half of cases; median patient age increased from 12 to 16 years during the outbreak. The highest incidence rate was observed in children <1 year of age, reaching 135 cases/100,000 infants during the last epidemic wave. Almost 5,000 patients were hospitalized, including 1,023 for severe pneumonia and 27 for encephalitis/myelitis; 10 patients died. More than 80% of the cases during this period occurred in unvaccinated persons, reflecting heterogeneous vaccination coverage, where pockets of susceptible persons still remain. Although vaccine coverage among children improved, convincing susceptible young adults to get vaccinated remains a critical issue if the target to eliminate the disease by 2015 is to be met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12 rue du Val d’Osnes, Saint-Maurice 94415 Cedex, France.
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26
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Thibault V, Laperche S, Thiers V, Sayon S, Letort MJ, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Antona D. Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hepatitis B identified through the French mandatory notification system. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75267. [PMID: 24086488 PMCID: PMC3783366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Strains responsible for acute hepatitis B infections (AHB) in France have not been characterized. This study was first designed to analyze the molecular epidemiology of AHB and second to describe the differences between AHB and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) exacerbations. METHODS This prospective study was based on the French mandatory notification system for AHB. 147 samples corresponding to declared cases were shipped to a central laboratory for classification as AHB or CHB according to the level of anti-HBc IgM and anti-HBc avidity. RESULTS Based on biological marker values and file examination, 75 cases (59%) were classified as AHB. Independently of the acute or chronic status, genotype A (57%), D (22%) and E (14%) were the most prevalent and no phylogenetic clustering was observed among HBV sequences (n=68). Precore or basal core-promoter variants were not particularly associated with disease severity but were more prevalent in CHB. No antiviral resistant strains or immune-escape HBsAg was observed. HBV viral loads in AHB or CHB were comparable but with opposite distributions. ALT levels reached 10 times the upper normal value in 94% of AHB but only in 24% of CHB. CONCLUSIONS After rigorous classification, no major difference at the genetic level was found between HBV strains isolated from AHB and CHB. Absence of potentially deleterious variant detection is reassuring. When based upon HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM determination, AHB notification may falsely include more than 40% CHB, leading to an important risk of bias in national surveillance programs of AHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Thibault
- Virology Laboratory, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique (APHP), and Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Syria Laperche
- National reference center for hepatitis B and C in blood transfusion, National Institute of blood transfusion, Paris, France
| | | | - Sophie Sayon
- Virology Laboratory, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique (APHP), and Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France
| | - Marie-José Letort
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit and Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), Saint-Maurice, France
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Abstract
From January 2008 to May 2012, over 22,000 cases of measles were reported in France. The highest incidence rate was observed in children below one year of age. Over 50% of cases were reported in young adults. Almost 5,000 patients were hospitalised including 1,023 with severe pneumonia, 27 with encephalitis and/or myelitis : 10 died. This situation is linked to insufficient and heterogeneous vaccination coverage with pockets of susceptible people allowing virus circulation. Although the vaccine coverage in children has now improved for both doses, the issue of convincing young susceptible adults to catch up for measles vaccination remains critical, if the elimination target is to be met, and in order to protect the most vulnerable population unable to benefit from this vaccination (children below 1 year, immunodeficient people, pregnant women).
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice Cedex, France.
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28
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Lupo J, Bernard S, Wintenberger C, Baccard M, Vabret A, Antona D, Timsit JF, Morand P. Fatal measles without rash in immunocompetent adult, France. Emerg Infect Dis 2012; 18:521-3. [PMID: 22377448 PMCID: PMC3309583 DOI: 10.3201/eid1803.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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29
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Mirand A, Henquell C, Archimbaud C, Ughetto S, Antona D, Bailly JL, Peigue-Lafeuille H. Outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease/herpangina associated with coxsackievirus A6 and A10 infections in 2010, France: a large citywide, prospective observational study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18:E110-8. [PMID: 22404077 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina (HA) are frequently caused by several distinct serotypes belonging to the human enterovirus A species (HEVA). Enterovirus 71 is considered as a significant public health threat because of rare but fatal neurological complications. A sentinel surveillance system involving paediatricians from Clermont-Ferrand (France) was set up to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD/HA associated with enterovirus infections. A standardized report form was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Throat or buccal specimens were obtained prospectively and tested for the presence of enteroviruses. The frequency of HEVA serotypes was determined by genotyping. Phylogenetic relationships were analysed to identify potential new virus variants. From 1 April to 31 December 2010, a total of 222 children were enrolled. The predominant clinical presentation was HA (63.8%) and this was frequently associated with clinical signs of HFMD (48%). An enterovirus infection was diagnosed in 143 (64.4%) patients and serotype identification was achieved in 141/143 (98.6%). The predominant serotypes were coxsackievirus A10 (39.9%) and A6 (28%), followed by coxsackievirus A16 (17.5%) and enterovirus 71 (6.3%). Fever was observed in 115 (80.4%) children. No patient had neurological complications. Coxsackievirus A10 and A6 strains involved in the outbreak were consistently genetically related with those detected earlier in Finland and constituted distinct European lineages. Although several enterovirus serotypes have been involved in HFMD/HA cases, the outbreak described in this population survey was caused by coxsackievirus A6 and coxsackievirus A10, the third dual outbreak in Europe in the last 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mirand
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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30
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Tazi A, Morand P, Réglier-Poupet H, Dmytruk N, Billoët A, Antona D, Trieu-Cuot P, Poyart C. Invasive group B streptococcal infections in adults, France (2007–2010). Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:1587-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Antona D. [Tetanus: the necessity of maintaining an optimal coverage]. Rev Prat 2011; 61:235-236. [PMID: 21618779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- DMI, Institut de veille sanitaire, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex, France.
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Antona D, Couturier E, Larsen C. [Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in France]. Rev Prat 2011; 61:25-32. [PMID: 21452538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Viral hepatitis A is a vaccine preventable disease. It frequently occurs in France at the end of the summer among individuals back from high endemic countries. It is a notificable disease with an incidence threefold higher among children below fifteen years of age. Prevention is based on personal and collective hygiene and contacts' vaccination around a case. In France viral hepatitis E cases are more likely autochthonous than imported. In most of autochthonous cases, the source of infection and the transmission route remain unexplained. Following the implementation of mandatory notification in 2003, over 750 cases of acute symptomatic hepatitis B have been notified between 2005 and 2009. Half of them could have been avoided, if current immunisation recommendations would have been applied adequately. In France, more than 500,000 individuals are living with chronic hepatitis B or C, with 4000 deaths attributable to these hepatitis. Improved and reinforced HBV and HCV screening for individuals at risks are priority issues to better access to care and application of prevention measures around a case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Institut de veille sanitaire, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex
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Schuffenecker I, Mirand A, Antona D, Henquell C, Chomel JJ, Archimbaud C, Billaud G, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Lina B, Bailly JL. Epidemiology of human enterovirus 71 infections in France, 2000-2009. J Clin Virol 2010; 50:50-6. [PMID: 21035387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) emerged as a significant pathogen able to cause large outbreaks involving severe neurological cases and children fatalities in Asia. OBJECTIVES To describe epidemiology of EV-71 infections in France. STUDY DESIGN Fifty-nine patients admitted in 12 different hospitals from 1994 to 2009 were included. The entire VP1 coding gene of 58 EV-71 strains was sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were performed to assign strains to genogroups/subgenogroups and to compare French isolates to European and worldwide isolates. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 1.04 years (9 days to 7 years). Among 46 documented EV-71 infections, 39 were self-limited. Seven children developed severe sepsis-like, respiratory or neurological complications. Among them, 2 children died from acute respiratory distress syndrome. All the EV-71 strains belonged to genogroup C: 31 isolates belonged to subgenogroup C1, 26 to subgenogroup C2 and 1 to subgenogroup C4. All the strains were genetically related to other European strains isolated at the same period of time. Although C1 isolates were predominant between 1994 and 2005, C2 strains have been predominant since 2007. No association was found between any genotype and the age or the clinical symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The C4 subgenogroup, which was associated with large outbreaks in China, did not spread in France. It is important to monitor more carefully the EV-71 strains circulating in France to detect the introduction of new genetic variants that could be associated with major outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Schuffenecker
- Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie Est des Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 boulevard Pinel, F-69677 Bron Cedex, France.
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Parent du Châtelet I, Antona D, Freymuth F, Muscat M, Halftermeyer-Zhou F, Maine C, Floret D, Lévy-Bruhl D. Spotlight on measles 2010: update on the ongoing measles outbreak in France, 2008-2010. Euro Surveill 2010; 15:19656. [PMID: 20843472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since early 2008, France has been experiencing a measles outbreak with almost 5,000 notified cases as of 30 June 2010, including three measles-related deaths. The proportion of cases 20 years or older reached 38% during the first half of 2010. This situation is the consequence of insufficient vaccine coverage (90% at age 24 months in 2007) that led to the accumulation of susceptibles over the last years. It underlines the need for additional measures targeting susceptible children and young adults.
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Parent du Châtelet I, Antona D, Freymuth F, Muscat M, Halftermeyer-Zhou F, Maine C, Floret D, Lévy-Bruhl D. Spotlight on measles 2010: Update on the ongoing measles outbreak in France, 2008-2010. Euro Surveill 2010. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.15.36.19656-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since early 2008, France has been experiencing a measles outbreak with almost 5,000 notified cases as of 30 June 2010, including three measles-related deaths. The proportion of cases 20 years or older reached 38% during the first half of 2010. This situation is the consequence of insufficient vaccine coverage (90% at age 24 months in 2007) that led to the accumulation of susceptibles over the last years. It underlines the need for additional measures targeting susceptible children and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Parent du Châtelet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - D Antona
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - F Freymuth
- National Reference Centre for Measles, Caen, France
| | - M Muscat
- EUVAC.NET hub, Department of Epidemiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Halftermeyer-Zhou
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Maine
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - D Floret
- Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, French working group on measles and congenital rubella elimination, Lyon, France
| | - D Lévy-Bruhl
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
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Meffre C, Le Strat Y, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Dubois F, Antona D, Lemasson JM, Warszawski J, Steinmetz J, Coste D, Meyer JF, Leiser S, Giordanella JP, Gueguen R, Desenclos JC. Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in France in 2004: social factors are important predictors after adjusting for known risk factors. J Med Virol 2010; 82:546-55. [PMID: 20166185 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To monitor the prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2004 among French metropolitan residents. A complex sampling design was used to enroll 14,416 adult participants aged 18-80 years. Data collected included demographic and social characteristics and risk factors. Sera were tested for anti-HCV, HCV-RNA, anti-HBc and HBsAg. Data were analyzed with SUDAAN software to provide weighted estimates for the French metropolitan resident population. The overall anti-HCV prevalence was 0.84% (95% CI: 0.65-1.10). Among anti-HCV positive individuals, 57.4% (95% CI: 43.2-70.5) knew their status. Factors associated independently with positive anti-HCV were drug use (intravenous and nasal), blood transfusion before 1992, a history of tattoos, low socioeconomic status, being born in a country where anti-HCV prevalence >2.5%, and age >29 years. The overall anti-HBc prevalence was 7.3% (95%: 6.5-8.2). Independent risk factors for anti-HBc were intravenous drug use, being a man who has sex with men, low socioeconomic status, a stay in a psychiatric facility or facility for the mentally disabled, <12 years of education, being born in a country where HBsAg prevalence >2%, age >29 and male sex. The HCV RNA and HBsAg prevalence were 0.53% (95% CI: 0.40-0.70) and 0.65% (95% CI: 0.45-0.93), respectively. Among HBsAg positive individuals, 44.8% (95% CI: 22.8-69.1) knew their status. Anti-HCV prevalence was close to the 1990s estimates whereas HBsAg prevalence estimate was greater than expected. Screening of hepatitis B and C should be strengthened and should account for social vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Meffre
- National Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France
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Parent du Châtelet I, Floret D, Antona D, Lévy-Bruhl D. Measles resurgence in France in 2008, a preliminary report. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19118. [PMID: 19215722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of 2008, France is experiencing a resurgence of measles. It started in a religious traditionalist group with low coverage and secondarily spread to the general population. This situation is the consequence of the insufficient vaccine coverage (less than 90 % at 24 months of age) which had led to the accumulation of susceptibles over the last years. More than 550 cases have been notified in 2008, the vast majority being unvaccinated. One measles-related death has occurred early 2009. Efforts to enhance communication to the general public and the health professionals on measles vaccination and control measures around cases are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Parent du Châtelet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, France.
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38
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Abstract
Since the beginning of 2008, France has been experiencing a resurgence of measles. It started in a religious traditionalist group with low coverage and secondarily spread to the general population. This situation is the consequence of the insufficient vaccine coverage (less than 90 % at 24 months of age) which had led to the accumulation of susceptibles over the last years. More than 550 cases have been notified in 2008, the vast majority being unvaccinated. One measles-related death has occurred early 2009. Efforts to enhance communication to the general public and the health professionals on measles vaccination and control measures around cases are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Parent du Châtelet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), French Institute for Public Health Surveillance
| | - D Floret
- Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Chairman of the French working group on measles and congenital rubella elimination
| | - D Antona
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), French Institute for Public Health Surveillance
| | - D Lévy-Bruhl
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), French Institute for Public Health Surveillance
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39
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Noury U, Stoll J, Haeghebaert S, Antona D, Parent du Châtelet I, The investigation team C. Outbreak of measles in two private religious schools in Bourgogne and Nord-Pas-de-Calais regions of France, May-July 2008 (preliminary results). Euro Surveill 2008; 13. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.35.18961-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, 110 cases of measles have been identified by local health authorities in the Bourgogne and Nord-Pas-de-Calais regions of France, with onset of symptoms between 3 May and 19 July. The first three cases were reported on 25 June by a general practitioner to the French national institute of health (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS) regional office in Bourgogne, in the centre of France. The three unvaccinated cases were students at a private religious school for girls located in Bourgogne and had onset of rash between mid-May and 23 June. On the same day, another general practitioner in Nord-Pas-de-Calais reported a case of measles in an unvaccinated 14 year-old boy attending a private religious boarding school for boys. The boy had developed a rash on 19 June and happened to live in the same place in Bourgogne where the above-mentioned girls' school was located. The two schools have elementary to secondary students. Both are private religious boarding schools. Most of the students come from the surrounding areas, some resident pupils are from other French regions, and some from abroad. All students returned home on 26 June for summer holidays.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Noury
- Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Centre-Est, Dijon, France
| | - J Stoll
- Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Centre-Est, Dijon, France
| | - S Haeghebaert
- Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Nord, Lille, France
| | - D Antona
- Institut de veille sanitaire (French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - I Parent du Châtelet
- Institut de veille sanitaire (French Institute for Public Health Surveillance), Saint-Maurice, France
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40
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Larsen C, Pialoux G, Salmon D, Antona D, Le Strat Y, Piroth L, Pol S, Rosenthal E, Neau D, Semaille C, Delarocque Astagneau E. Prevalence of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection in the HIV-infected population of France, 2004. Euro Surveill 2008. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.22.18888-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of HCV and HBV co-infection among HIV-infected adults in France and describe the epidemiological characteristics of co-infected patients and their clinical management. A one-day national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2004. A random and proportional probability sample design was used, based on the number of AIDS cases reported since 1999 by hospital wards. Weighted estimations were computed. HIV-infected adults (out/in-patients) were included after consent. Data were collected on demographic criteria, HIV, HCV and HBV infections, as well as on antiviral therapies. Overall, 1849 HIV-infected patients were included. The prevalence of anti-HCV or HCV RNA positivity (HCV co-infection) was 24.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 21.3-27.6] and varied from 3.1% in men who had sex with men to 92.8% in injecting drug users (IDUs). The prevalence of positive HCV RNA was 17.0% [95% CI:14.7-19.4]. The prevalence of HBs antigen (Ag) or HBV DNA positivity was 7.0% [95% CI: 5.9-8.1] and varied with the continent of birth from 2.1% in Northern Africa to 10.8% in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of HIV-HCV-HBV co-infection was 1.6% [95% CI: 1.0-2.4], mostly IDUs (83.3%). A severe liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma) was diagnosed in 24.7% of the positive HCV RNA patients.This study confirmed the burden of HCV infection in French HIV-infected patients and described for the first time in France the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-HBV co-infection. Furthermore, it stresses the severity of liver disease related to HCV in HIV-infected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - G Pialoux
- Department of Infectious Diseases, APHP-Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - D Salmon
- Department of Internal Medicine, APHP-Cochin University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - D Antona
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Y Le Strat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - L Piroth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Le Bocage University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - S Pol
- Department of Hepatology, APHP-Cochin University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - E Rosenthal
- Department of Internal Medicine, L’Archet-1 University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - D Neau
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Pellegrin University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Semaille
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - E Delarocque Astagneau
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
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41
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Larsen C, Pialoux G, Salmon D, Antona D, Le Strat Y, Piroth L, Pol S, Rosenthal E, Neau D, Semaille C, Delarocque Astagneau E. Prevalence of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection in the HIV-infected population of France, 2004. Euro Surveill 2008; 13:18888. [PMID: 18761958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of HCV and HBV co-infection among HIV-infected adults in France and describe the epidemiological characteristics of co-infected patients and their clinical management. A one-day national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2004. A random and proportional probability sample design was used, based on the number of AIDS cases reported since 1999 by hospital wards. Weighted estimations were computed. HIV-infected adults (out/in-patients) were included after consent. Data were collected on demographic criteria, HIV, HCV and HBV infections, as well as on antiviral therapies. Overall, 1849 HIV-infected patients were included. The prevalence of anti-HCV or HCV RNA positivity (HCV co-infection) was 24.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 21.3-27.6] and varied from 3.1% in men who had sex with men to 92.8% in injecting drug users (IDUs). The prevalence of positive HCV RNA was 17.0% [95% CI:14.7-19.4]. The prevalence of HBs antigen (Ag) or HBV DNA positivity was 7.0% [95% CI: 5.9-8.1] and varied with the continent of birth from 2.1% in Northern Africa to 10.8% in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of HIV-HCV-HBV co-infection was 1.6% [95% CI: 1.0-2.4], mostly IDUs (83.3%). A severe liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma) was diagnosed in 24.7% of the positive HCV RNA patients. This study confirmed the burden of HCV infection in French HIV-infected patients and described for the first time in France the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-HBV co-infection. Furthermore, it stresses the severity of liver disease related to HCV in HIV-infected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France.
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42
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Poujol I, Floret N, Servant-Delmas A, Marquant A, Laperche S, Antona D, Lot F, Coignard B. Hepatitis B virus transmission from a nurse to a patient, France, 2005. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 13. [PMID: 18761965 DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.21.18877-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Infection by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is often asymptomatic at the acute phase, can progress to chronic liver disease, particularly when infection occurs early in life. Hepatitis B is mainly transmitted sexually or through blood or body fluids. Episodes of healthcare-associated transmission of HBV have been previously described [1-3]. Transmission of HBV results either from patient to patient through invasive healthcare procedures with improper disinfection of devices used between patient care or from a patient to a healthcare worker (HCW). Transmission can also take place from a chronically infected HCW to a patient. In those episodes, breaches in healthcare practices and standard precaution play a major role. Prevention of HBV transmission in healthcare settings also relies on the immunisation of HCW, which has been mandatory in France since 1991. HCW are considered immune if they have documented proof that they were vaccinated before 13 years of age, or if a positive anti-HBs antibody test is provided [4].
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Affiliation(s)
- I Poujol
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Paris, France.
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Marcellin P, Pequignot F, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Zarski JP, Ganne N, Hillon P, Antona D, Bovet M, Mechain M, Asselah T, Desenclos JC, Jougla E. Mortality related to chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C in France: evidence for the role of HIV coinfection and alcohol consumption. J Hepatol 2008; 48:200-7. [PMID: 18086507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Revised: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Mortality related to HCV and HBV infections was estimated in France. METHODS A random sample (n=999) of death certificates was obtained from all death certificates listing HBV, HCV, hepatitis, liver disease, possible complication of cirrhosis, bacterial infection, HIV, or transplantation (n=65,000) in France in 2001. Physicians who reported the deaths were sent a questionnaire to identify how many deaths were related to HBV/HCV infection. Completed forms were independently analyzed by a panel of hepatologists. Death rates were estimated according to national population census data. RESULTS Estimated annual number of deaths associated with HCV and HBV infection was 3618 and 1507, respectively (6.1 and 2.5 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively). Estimated number of deaths attributable to HCV or HBV infection was 2646 and 1327, respectively (4.5 and 2.2 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively). In the HCV infection group, 95 percent had cirrhosis; 33 percent had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the HBV infection group, 93 percent had cirrhosis; 35 percent had HCC. Eleven percent of deaths occurred in patients with HIV coinfection. Deaths related to HBV or HCV infection occurred at an earlier age in patients with a history of excessive alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS In France, 4000-5000 deaths related to HCV and HBV infection occurred in 2001. Alcohol consumption and HIV infection were important co-factors. These data emphasize the need for ongoing, efficient public health programs that include screening, management, and counseling for HCV- and HBV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Marcellin
- Service d'Hépatologie & INSERM CRB3, University of Paris VII, AP-HP, CHU Beaujon, Clichy, France
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Abstract
In the context of poliomyelitis eradication, a reinforced sentinel laboratory network for surveillance of enteroviruses (RSE) was implemented in France in January 2000, and the purpose of this report is to describe the results of the five first years of surveillance. From 2000 to 2004, the RSE laboratory network performed detailed surveillance of the circulating enteroviruses. No wild-type poliovirus was isolated from humans during the 5 years of surveillance, although two imported vaccine polioviruses were detected. During the same period, Sabin-like polioviruses were identified on five occasions in the sludge from sewage treatment plants, but no wild-type poliovirus was found. Over the 5 years of surveillance, information was collected from 192,598 clinical samples, including 39,276 cerebrospinal fluid specimens, of which 14.7% were positive for enteroviruses, 45,889 stool samples (4.3% positive for enteroviruses), 70,330 throat swabs (2.2% positive) and 14,243 sera (1.4% positive). The ten main nonpolio enteroviruses typed were as follows, in decreasing order of frequency: E-30, E-13, E-6, CV-B5, E-11, CV-B4, E-9, E-7, CV-B1, and CV-B2. During the year 2000, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to three main enteroviruses (echoviruses type 30, 13, and 6) was monitored. Continued surveillance of enteroviruses is important to alert physicians and public health officials to changes in disease trends. Although the geographical coverage of the RSE network as well as the percentage of enteroviruses identified must be improved, the large number of samples tested for enteroviruses shows the ability of virology laboratories to detect the circulation of enteroviruses and to report the possible identification of poliovirus (wild-type, vaccine-derived, or Sabin-like).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Antona
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12 rue du Val d'Osne, 94415, Saint Maurice Cedex, France.
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Antona D, Renault A. [Prevention of tetanus]. Rev Prat 2007; 57:211-6. [PMID: 17432529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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Pequignot F, Hillon P, Zarski J, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Asselah T, Ganne N, Antona D, Bovet M, Méchain M, Desenclos J, Marcellin P, Jougla E. A4-4 - Estimation de la mortalité associée aux virus du VHC et du VHB en France : résultats d’une investigation spécifique auprès des médecins certificateurs des décès. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0398-7620(06)76790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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47
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Meffre C, DelarocqueAstagneau E, LeStrat Y, Dubois F, Steinmetz J, Lemasson J, Coste D, Meyer J, Antona D, Warszawski J, Leiser S, Giordanella J, Guéguen R, Desenclos J. P.440 Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in France, 2004. J Clin Virol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Larsen C, Salmon D, Pialoux G, Antona D, Piroth L, Pol S, Le Strat Y, Rosenthal E, Neau D, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Desenclos J. P.418 Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among HIV infected persons (France, 2004). J Clin Virol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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49
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Abstract
Since the end of May 2005, an increase in the number of viral meningitis cases has been observed, unevenly distributed throughout mainland France
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Antona
- Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France.
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Desenclos JC, van der Werf S, Bonmarin I, Levy-Bruhl D, Yazdanpanah Y, Hoen B, Emmanuelli J, Lesens O, Dupon M, Natali F, Michelet C, Reynes J, Guery B, Larsen C, Semaille C, Mouton D, André M, Escriou N, Burguière A, Manuguerra JC, Coignard B, Lepoutre A, Meffre C, Bitar D, Decludt B, Capek I, Antona D, Che D, Herida M, Infuso A, Sauri C, Brücker G, Hubert B, LeGoff D, Scheidegger S. Introduction of SARS in France, March-April, 2003. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10:195-200. [PMID: 15030682 PMCID: PMC3322920 DOI: 10.3201/eid1002.030351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in France. Patients meeting the World Health Organization definition of a suspected case underwent a clinical, radiologic, and biologic assessment at the closest university-affiliated infectious disease ward. Suspected cases were immediately reported to the Institut de Veille Sanitaire. Probable case-patients were isolated, their contacts quarantined at home, and were followed for 10 days after exposure. Five probable cases occurred from March through April 2003; four were confirmed as SARS coronavirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, serologic testing, or both. The index case-patient (patient A), who had worked in the French hospital of Hanoi, Vietnam, was the most probable source of transmission for the three other confirmed cases; two had been exposed to patient A while on the Hanoi-Paris flight of March 22-23. Timely detection, isolation of probable case-patients, and quarantine of their contacts appear to have been effective in preventing the secondary spread of SARS in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Desenclos
- Département Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France.
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