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Rybak A, Assad Z, Levy C, Bonarcorsi S, Béchet S, Werner A, Wollner A, Valtuille Z, Kaguelidou F, Angoulvant F, Cohen R, Varon E, Ouldali N. Age-Specific Resurgence in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Incidence in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era and Its Association With Respiratory Virus and Pneumococcal Carriage Dynamics: A Time-Series Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:855-859. [PMID: 38059538 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using multiple national surveillance systems, we found an increase in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease during after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19, which strongly varied by age. Age groups with higher incidence of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza also experienced higher increase in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence, with no change in pneumococcal carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Eceve Inserm UMR-S 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Bonarcorsi
- Microbiology Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Alain Wollner
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre of Clinical Investigations 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité Mixte de Recherche S1138), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Orléans, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est Créteil, France
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Nice, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Bichali S, Ouldali N, Godart F, Maboudou P, Houeijeh A, Leteurtre S. NT-proBNP course during MIS-C post-COVID-19: an observational study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1667-1674. [PMID: 38206397 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C or PIMS-TS) is a severe disease. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is used for positive and differential diagnosis, diagnosis of complications and severity, and cardiogenic shock prediction. However, contrasting cut-offs have been suggested. The aims of the present study were to compare NT-proBNP values depending on the time of measurement and to describe the NT-proBNP course during the MIS-C episode. The data from a single-centre cohort observational study on the impact of time to diagnosis, defined as the time from first symptom to diagnosis of MIS-C, were used for the purpose of this study, with an extended period of inclusion from May 2020 to April 2023. The timing and level of all NT-proBNP samples available for each patient were retrospectively collected. Thirty-seven children (18 (49%) females, median age 8.8 years, 14 (38%) with shock) were included. Until diagnosis, NT-proBNP increased with time and was significantly higher at 6 days from first symptoms than at 3 days (median (interquartile range) 32,933 (7773-61,592) versus 1994 (1291-4190) pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.031). From diagnosis, NT-proBNP decreased by at least 50% after 3.0 (2.1-5.3) days (n = 12) when NT-proBNP at diagnosis was low ≤ 11,000 pg/mL versus 1.8 (0.7-3.4) days (n = 16) when NT-proBNP at diagnosis was high (p = 0.040), and after 3.6 (2.4-5.9) days (n = 7) when fever persisted after 48 h versus 1.8 (0.8-3.0) days (n = 21) when fever resolved before 48 h (p = 0.004). Conclusions: During the MIS-C episode, NT-proBNP increased over time until diagnosis and treatment. It dropped faster thereafter in children with high NT-proBNP at diagnosis > 11,000 pg/mL and slower in case of persistent fever. What is Known: • NT-proBNP is useful in MIS-C for positive and differential diagnosis, diagnosis of complications and severity, and cardiogenic shock prediction. • Contrasting cut-offs for differential diagnosis and severity assessment have been suggested. What is New: • Before diagnosis, NT-proBNP increases with time and is significantly higher at 6 days from first symptoms than at 3 days suggesting different cut-offs depending on the timing of measurement. • From diagnosis and treatment initiation, the 50% NT-proBNP drop occurs earlier in children with high NT-proBNP at diagnosis > 11,000 pg/mL and later in children with persistent fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïd Bichali
- Paediatric Cardiology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, 2 Avenue Oscar Lambret, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- General Paediatrics, Univ. Paris, APHP CHU Robert Debré, Paris, France
- Infectious Diseases, Univ. Montreal, CHU Sainte Justine, QC, Canada
- ACTIV, Association Clinique Et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- UMR 1123, Univ. Paris, INSERM, ECEVE, Paris, France
| | - François Godart
- Paediatric Cardiology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, 2 Avenue Oscar Lambret, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Patrice Maboudou
- Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Ali Houeijeh
- Paediatric Cardiology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, 2 Avenue Oscar Lambret, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Leteurtre
- ULR 2694 - METRICS: Évaluation Des Technologies de Santé Et Des Pratiques Médicales, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
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Felix A, Assad Z, Bidet P, Caseris M, Dumaine C, Faye A, Melki I, Kaguelidou F, Valtuille Z, Ouldali N, Meinzer U. Common Seasonal Pathogens and Epidemiology of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Among Children. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e245362. [PMID: 38578638 PMCID: PMC10998156 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common type of vasculitis in children. The factors that trigger the disease are poorly understood. Although several viruses and seasonal bacterial infections have been associated with HSP, differentiating the specific associations of these pathogens with the onset of HSP remains a challenge due to their overlapping seasonal patterns. Objective To analyze the role of seasonal pathogens in the epidemiology of HSP. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study comprised an interrupted time-series analysis of patient records from a comprehensive national hospital-based surveillance system. Children younger than 18 years hospitalized for HSP in France between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2023, were included. Exposure Implementation and relaxation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for the COVID-19 pandemic, such as social distancing and mask wearing. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were the monthly incidence of HSP per 100 000 children, analyzed via a quasi-Poisson regression model, and the estimated percentage of HSP incidence potentially associated with 14 selected common seasonal pathogens over the same period. Results The study included 9790 children with HSP (median age, 5 years [IQR, 4-8 years]; 5538 boys [56.4%]) and 757 110 children with the infectious diseases included in the study (median age, 0.7 years [IQR, 0.2-2 years]; 393 697 boys [52.0%]). The incidence of HSP decreased significantly after implementation of NPIs in March 2020 (-53.6%; 95% CI, -66.6% to -40.6%; P < .001) and increased significantly after the relaxation of NPIs in April 2021 (37.2%; 95% CI, 28.0%-46.3%; P < .001). The percentage of HSP incidence potentially associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae was 37.3% (95% CI, 22.3%-52.3%; P < .001), the percentage of cases associated with Streptococcus pyogenes was 25.6% (95% CI, 16.7%-34.4%; P < .001), and the percentage of cases associated with human rhino enterovirus was 17.1% (95% CI, 3.8%-30.4%; P = .01). Three sensitivity analyses found similar results. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that significant changes in the incidence of HSP simultaneously with major shifts in circulating pathogens after NPIs for the COVID-19 pandemic indicated that approximately 60% of HSP incidence was potentially associated with pneumococcus and group A streptococcus. This finding suggests that preventive measures against these pathogens could reduce the incidence of pediatric HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Felix
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Competence Centre RAISE Antilles-Guyane, EpiCliV Research Unit, Department of General Pediatrics, Martinique University Hospital, University of French West Indies, Martinique, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modeling, Evolution, Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modeling, Evolution, Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Department of Microbiology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Dumaine
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Melki
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Pediatrics, Rheumatology and Pediatric Internal Medicine, Children’s Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Center of Clinical Investigations, INSERM CIC1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Center of Clinical Investigations, INSERM CIC1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modeling, Evolution, Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (RAISE), Department of General Pediatrics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche sur l’inflammation UMR 1149, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
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Fafi I, Assad Z, Lenglart L, Valtuille Z, Ouldali N. Evolution of respiratory syncytial virus burden in young children following the COVID-19 pandemic: influence of concomitant changes in testing practices. Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24:e216-e217. [PMID: 38368891 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Inès Fafi
- Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME, Paris, France.
| | - Zein Assad
- Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME, Paris, France; French Paediatric Infectious Disease Group, Nice, France
| | - Léa Lenglart
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME, Paris, France; Paediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Paris Cité University, EA7323 Perinatal and Paediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutic Assessment, Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Centre, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME, Paris, France; French Paediatric Infectious Disease Group, Nice, France
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Rybak A, Ouldali N, Varon E, Taha MK, Bonacorsi S, Béchet S, Angoulvant F, Cohen R, Levy C. Vaccine-preventable Pediatric Acute Bacterial Meningitis in France: A Time Series Analysis of a 19-Year Prospective National Surveillance Network. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:74-83. [PMID: 38108805 PMCID: PMC10723767 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In France, vaccination has been implemented against Hi serotype b (Hib), pneumococcus with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC). These interventions with different coverage and uptake have disrupted the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable acute bacterial meningitis (ABM). METHODS We analyzed data from a French prospective surveillance network of ABM in children ≤15 years old enrolled by 259 pediatric wards (estimated national coverage: 61%). From 2001 to 2020, the effect of vaccine implementation was estimated with segmented linear regression. RESULTS We analyzed 7,186 cases, mainly due to meningococcus (35.0%), pneumococcus (29.8%), and Hi (3.7%). MenC ABM incidence decreased (-0.12%/month, 95% CI: -0.17 to -0.07, P < 0.001) with no change for the overall meningococcal ABM when comparing the pre-MenC vaccination and the post-MenC vaccination trends. Despite a decreasing MenB ABM incidence without a vaccination program (-0.43%/month, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.34, P < 0.001), 68.3% of meningococcal ABM involved MenB. No change in pneumococcal ABM incidence was observed after the PCV7 recommendation. By contrast, this incidence significantly decreased after the switch to PCV13 (-0.9%/month, 95% CI: -1.6 to -0.2%, P = 0.01). After May 2014, a rebound occurred (0.5%/month, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8%, P < 0.001), with 89.5% of non-PCV13 vaccine serotypes. Hib ABM incidence increased after June 2017. CONCLUSIONS PCV7 and MenC vaccine introduction in France, with slow vaccine uptake and low coverage, had no to little impact as compared to the switch from PCV7 to PCV13, which occurred when coverage was optimal. Our data suggest that MenB and next-generation PCVs could prevent a large part of the ABM incidence in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- ECEVE, Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, UMR S-1123, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Laboratory of Microbiology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Muhamed-Kheir Taha
- Invasive Bacterial Infections Unit and National Reference Centre for Meningococci and Haemophilus Influenzae, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- HeKA, Inria Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- From the ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
- GEMINI, Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris Est, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
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Assad Z, Valtuille Z, Rybak A, Kaguelidou F, Lazzati A, Varon E, Pham LL, Lenglart L, Faye A, Caseris M, Cohen R, Levy C, Vabret A, Gravey F, Angoulvant F, Koehl B, Ouldali N. Unique Changes in the Incidence of Acute Chest Syndrome in Children With Sickle Cell Disease Unravel the Role of Respiratory Pathogens: A Time Series Analysis. Chest 2024; 165:150-160. [PMID: 37544426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.07.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). Although respiratory pathogens are frequently detected in children with ACS, their respective role in triggering the disease is still unclear. We hypothesized that the incidence of ACS followed the unprecedented population-level changes in respiratory pathogen dynamics after COVID-19-related nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). RESEARCH QUESTION What is the respective role of respiratory pathogens in ACS epidemiology? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study was an interrupted time series analysis of patient records from a national hospital-based surveillance system. All children aged < 18 years with SCD hospitalized for ACS in France between January 2015 and May 2022 were included. The monthly incidence of ACS per 1,000 children with SCD over time was analyzed by using a quasi-Poisson regression model. The circulation of 12 respiratory pathogens in the general pediatric population over the same period was included in the model to assess the fraction of ACS potentially attributable to each respiratory pathogen. RESULTS Among the 55,941 hospitalizations of children with SCD, 2,306 episodes of ACS were included (median [interquartile range] age, 9 [5-13] years). A significant decrease was observed in ACS incidence after NPI implementation in March 2020 (-29.5%; 95% CI, -46.8 to -12.2; P = .001) and a significant increase after lifting of the NPIs in April 2021 (24.4%; 95% CI, 7.2 to 41.6; P = .007). Using population-level incidence of several respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae accounted for 30.9% (95% CI, 4.9 to 56.9; P = .02) of ACS incidence over the study period and influenza 6.8% (95% CI, 2.3 to 11.3; P = .004); other respiratory pathogens had only a minor role. INTERPRETATION NPIs were associated with significant changes in ACS incidence concomitantly with major changes in the circulation of several respiratory pathogens in the general population. This unique epidemiologic situation allowed determination of the contribution of these respiratory pathogens, in particular S pneumoniae and influenza, to the burden of childhood ACS, highlighting the potential benefit of vaccine prevention in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; EA7323 Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutic Assessment, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; EA7323 Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutic Assessment, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Lazzati
- Department of General Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Luu-Ly Pham
- INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Department of General Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Léa Lenglart
- INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), St Maur-des-Fossés, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- Department of Virology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France; Univ Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1311, DYNAMICURE, Caen, France
| | - François Gravey
- Univ Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1311, DYNAMICURE, Caen, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Paris Sorbonne University, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Koehl
- Department of Child Hematology, Reference Center for Sickle-Cell Disease, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR S1134, Integrated Biology of Red Blood Cells, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris Cité University, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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7
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Ouldali N, Le Roux E, Faye A, Leblanc C, Angoulvant F, Korb D, Delcour C, Caula C, Wohrer D, Rybak A, Delafoy M, Carrié C, Strullu M, Oualha M, Levy R, Mimoun C, Griffon L, Nuzzo A, Eyraud C, Levy M, Ellul P. Early formative objective structured clinical examinations for students in the pre-clinical years of medical education: A non-randomized controlled prospective pilot study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294022. [PMID: 38060541 PMCID: PMC10703252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of formative objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) during the pre-clinical years of medical education remains unclear. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a formative OSCE program for medical students in their pre-clinical years on subsequent performance in summative OSCE. METHODS We conducted a non-randomized controlled prospective pilot study that included all medical students from the last year of the pre-clinical cycle of the Université Paris-Cité Medical School, France, in 2021. The intervention group received the formative OSCE program, which consisted of four OSCE sessions, followed by debriefing and feedback, whereas the control group received the standard teaching program. The main objective of this formative OSCE program was to develop skills in taking a structured medical history and communication. All participants took a final summative OSCE. The primary endpoint was the summative OSCE mark in each group. A questionnaire was also administered to the intervention-group students to collect their feedback. A qualitative analysis, using a convenience sample, was conducted by gathering data pertaining to the process through on-site participative observation of the formative OSCE program. RESULTS Twenty students were included in the intervention group; 776 in the control group. We observed a significant improvement with each successive formative OSCE session in communication skills and in taking a structured medical history (p<0.0001 for both skills). Students from the intervention group performed better in a summative OSCE that assessed the structuring of a medical history (median mark 16/20, IQR [15; 17] versus 14/20, [13; 16], respectively, p = 0.012). Adjusted analyses gave similar results. The students from the intervention group reported a feeling of improved competence and a reduced level of stress at the time of the evaluation, supported by the qualitative data showing the benefits of the formative sessions. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that an early formative OSCE program is suitable for the pre-clinical years of medical education and is associated with improved student performance in domains targeted by the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME (Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution), Paris, France
| | - Enora Le Roux
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME (Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution), Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Center, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Diane Korb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
- Paris University, Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Delcour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Caula
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Wohrer
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Manon Delafoy
- Department of Hematology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Claire Carrié
- Department of Hematology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Strullu
- Department of Hematology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Romain Levy
- Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Department, Necker University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Camille Mimoun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Lariboisiere Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Griffon
- Pediatric Non-Invasive Ventilation and Sleep Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Nuzzo
- Department of Gastroenterology, IBD and Intestinal Failure, Beaujon Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Clara Eyraud
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1137, IAME (Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution), Paris, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Ellul
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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8
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Lafay C, Assad Z, Ouldali N, Quoc EB, Clement A, Durand C, Fares S, Faye A, Eveillard LA, Kaguelidou F, Titah C, Valtuille Z, Vinit C, Meinzer U, Dumaine C. Increased Incidence of Pediatric Uveitis Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic Occurring Before COVID-19 Vaccine Implementation: A Time-Series Analysis. J Pediatr 2023; 263:113682. [PMID: 37611738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased incidence of uveitis in children. STUDY DESIGN We performed a time-series analysis of patient records from a national, hospital-based, French surveillance system. All children hospitalized for uveitis in France between January 2012 and March 2022 were included. The incidence of newly diagnosed uveitis per 100 000 children per trimester in France was analyzed by a quasi-Poisson regression. A cohort of children diagnosed with uveitis at Robert-Debré Hospital was used to compare the characteristics of uveitis after and before the onset of the pandemic. RESULTS During the study period, 2492 children were hospitalized for uveitis in France. The COVID-19 pandemic, which started in March 2020, was associated with a significant increase in the occurrence of uveitis (estimated cumulative change, 44.9%; 95% CI 11.4-78.4; P < .001). The increase in the incidence of pediatric uveitis started in October 2020, while the national immunization program targeting children aged less than 18 years began in June 2021. This increase involved all forms of uveitis, regardless of location, and clincial characteristics were similar to those diagnosed before the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Our study evidenced a significant increase in the incidence of pediatric uveitis following the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase occurred 6 months before the implementation of the national COVID-19 vaccination program for children, suggesting that the resurgence of this rare disease is independent of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Lafay
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Bui Quoc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ana Clement
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adolph Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Durand
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Selim Fares
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adolph Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurye-Anne Eveillard
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Center of Clinical Investigations, INSERM CIC1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cherif Titah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adolph Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Center of Clinical Investigations, INSERM CIC1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Vinit
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation UMR 1149, Paris, France; Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall Unit, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Cécile Dumaine
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases (RAISE), Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation UMR 1149, Paris, France
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9
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Assad Z, Cohen R, Varon E, Levy C, Bechet S, Corrard F, Werner A, Ouldali N, Bonacorsi S, Rybak A. Antibiotic Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Children with Acute Otitis Media and in Middle Ear Fluid from Otorrhea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1605. [PMID: 37998807 PMCID: PMC10668799 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is one of the leading bacteria implicated in childhood acute otitis media (AOM). Recent concerns have been raised about the emergence of Hi-resistant strains. We aimed to analyze the evolution of β-lactam resistance to Hi among strains isolated from nasopharyngeal carriage in children with AOM and in mild ear fluid (MEF) after the spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) in France. In this national ambulatory-based cohort study over 16 years, we analyzed the rate of Hi nasopharyngeal carriage and the proportion of β-lactam-resistant Hi strains over time using a segmented linear regression model. Among the 13,865 children (median [IQR] age, 12.7 [9.3-17.3] months; 7400 [53.4%] male) with AOM included from November 2006 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 7311 (52.7%) children by nasopharyngeal sampling. The proportion of β-lactamase-producing and β-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) Hi strains in nasopharyngeal carriage remained stable during the study period. Among the 783 children (median [IQR] age, 20 [12.3-37.8] months; 409 [52.2%] male) with SPTM included from October 2015 to July 2022, Hi was isolated in 177 (22.6%) cases by MEF sampling. The proportions of β-lactamase-producing and BLNAR Hi strains did not significantly differ between nasopharyngeal (17.6% and 8.8%, respectively) and MEF (12.6% and 7.4%) samples. Accordingly, amoxicillin remains a valid recommendation as the first-line drug for AOM in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Robert Cohen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Corinne Levy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (IMRB-GRC GEMINI), Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Bechet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - François Corrard
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Andreas Werner
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France; (Z.A.); (N.O.)
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Inserm UMR 1137, Paris Cité University, 75018 Paris, France;
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), 06200 Nice, France; (R.C.); (A.W.); (A.R.)
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (F.C.)
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10
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Ouldali N, Son MBF, McArdle AJ, Vito O, Vaugon E, Belot A, Leblanc C, Murray NL, Patel MM, Levin M, Randolph AG, Angoulvant F. Immunomodulatory Therapy for MIS-C. Pediatrics 2023:e2022061173. [PMID: 37376963 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-061173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Studies comparing initial therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) provided conflicting results. OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes in MIS-C patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), glucocorticoids, or the combination thereof. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and WOS, from January 2020 to February 2022. STUDY SELECTION Randomized or observational comparative studies including MIS-C patients <21 years. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently selected studies and obtained individual participant data. The main outcome was cardiovascular dysfunction (CD), defined as left ventricular ejection fraction < 55% or vasopressor requirement ≥ day 2 of initial therapy, analyzed with a propensity score-matched analysis. RESULTS Of 2635 studies identified, 3 nonrandomized cohorts were included. The meta-analysis included 958 children. IVIG plus glucocorticoids group as compared with IVIG alone had improved CD (odds ratio [OR] 0.62 [0.42-0.91]). Glucocorticoids alone group as compared with IVIG alone did not have improved CD (OR 0.57 [0.31-1.05]). Glucocorticoids alone group as compared with IVIG plus glucocorticoids did not have improved CD (OR 0.67 [0.24-1.86]). Secondary analyses found better outcomes associated with IVIG plus glucocorticoids compared with glucocorticoids alone (fever ≥ day 2, need for secondary therapies) and better outcomes associated with glucocorticoids alone compared with IVIG alone (left ventricular ejection fraction < 55% ≥ day 2). LIMITATIONS Nonrandomized nature of included studies. CONCLUSIONS In a meta-analysis of MIS-C patients, IVIG plus glucocorticoids was associated with improved CD compared with IVIG alone. Glucocorticoids alone was not associated with improved CD compared with IVIG alone or IVIG plus glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Division of Infectious diseases, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Inserm, UMR 1137, Paris University, Paris, France
- Association Clinique et, Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France
| | - Mary Beth F Son
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J McArdle
- Section of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ortensia Vito
- Section of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Vaugon
- Division of Infectious diseases, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/INSERM U1111, Bron, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nancy L Murray
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Manish M Patel
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne G Randolph
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - François Angoulvant
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université De Paris, Paris, France
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Rybak A, Levy C, Ouldali N, Bonacorsi S, Béchet S, Delobbe JF, Batard C, Donikian I, Goldrey M, Assouline J, Cohen R, Varon E. Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in France: A Pediatric Prospective Nasopharyngeal Carriage Study from 2001 to 2022. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1020. [PMID: 37370339 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological surveillance of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage is important for monitoring serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance, particularly before and after the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). With a prospective surveillance study in France, we aimed to analyze the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage, antibiotic susceptibility and serotype distribution in children aged 6 to 24 months who had acute otitis media between 2001 and 2022 with a focus on the late PCV13 period from May 2014 to July 2022. Trends were analyzed with segmented linear regression with autoregressive error. For the 17,136 children enrolled, overall pneumococcal carriage was stable during the study. During the late PCV13 period, the five most frequent serotypes were all non-PCV13 serotypes: 15B/C (14.3%), 23B (11.0%), 11A (9.6%), 15A (7.4%) and 35B (6.5%). During the same period, we observed a rebound of penicillin non-susceptibility (+0.15% per month, 95% confidence interval, +0.08 to 0.22, p < 0.001). Five serotypes accounted for 64.4% of the penicillin non-susceptible strains: 11A (17.5%), 35B (14.9%), 15A (13.9%), 15B/C (9.9%) and 19F (8.2%); non-PCV13/PCV15 accounted for <1%, and non-PCV15/PCV20 accounted for 28%. The next generation PCVs, particularly PCV20, may disrupt nasopharyngeal carriage and contribute to decreasing the rate of antibiotic resistance among pneumococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Eceve Inserm UMR-S 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, 06200 Nice, France
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
- IAME, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Inserm UMR 1137, Paris University, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Microbiology Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
| | | | - Christophe Batard
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Isabelle Donikian
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Marie Goldrey
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Jessica Assouline
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Activ, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
- Afpa, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, 45000 Orléans, France
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, 06200 Nice, France
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude des Maladie Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Université Paris Est, 94000 Créteil, France
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
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Ouldali N, Deceuninck G, Lefebvre B, Gilca R, Quach C, Brousseau N, Tapiero B, De Wals P. Increase of invasive pneumococcal disease in children temporally associated with RSV outbreak in Quebec: a time-series analysis. Lancet Reg Health Am 2023; 19:100448. [PMID: 36852331 PMCID: PMC9958468 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Respiratory viruses have been previously suspected to trigger invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). After progressive non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) lifting, an unusual RSV outbreak has been observed in the Fall 2021, raising concerns about the possible consequences on IPD. We aimed to analyse the evolution of IPD incidence across age-groups since NPI lifting, and its temporal association with respiratory viral infections. Methods We conducted a time-series analysis using 1) population-based IPD surveillance data and 2) statistics from the laboratory surveillance network of respiratory viruses in the province of Quebec, Canada, from January 2013 to January 2022. The monthly IPD incidence was analysed by quasi-Poisson regression models across age-groups. The fraction of IPD incidence change potentially attributable to different viruses in 2021-2022 was estimated. Findings A total of 7712 IPD cases were included. After a major decrease in IPD incidence from April 2020, IPD rate started to increase in <5-year-old children in October 2021, exceeding the pre-NPI trend (+62%). This was temporally associated with an unusual surge in RSV cases (+53% versus pre-NPI trend). During this 2021-22 surge, the fraction of IPD attributable to RSV dynamics in children was 77% (95% CI [33-100]). By contrast, the IPD incidence in older age-groups remained low, and was temporally associated with influenza dynamics. Interpretation These results provide new evidence on the role of respiratory viruses in driving IPD dynamics, with possible differences between children and adults. In the coming future, the potential benefit of interventions targeting RSV, such as vaccines, for IPD prevention should be considered. Funding The study was supported by a grant from the Quebec Ministry of Health and Social Services ('ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec'). Publication was supported by a grant from "Fondation de l'Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris et de l'Alliance « Tous Unis contre le Virus » (Fondation de France/Institut Pasteur/APHP)". N.O. was supported by the ESPID (European Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases) 2021-2023 Fellowship Award and the 2022 ISPPD (International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases) Robert Austrian Research award.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Inserm UMR 1137, Paris University, Paris, France,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France,Corresponding author. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, Montreal University, QC H3T 1C5, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | - Brigitte Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Rodica Gilca
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada,Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Caroline Quach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicholas Brousseau
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada,Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce Tapiero
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe De Wals
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada,Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
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13
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Solignac F, Ouldali N, Aupiais C, Casha P, Cohen R, Levy C, Angoulvant F. Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Status Among Parents of Hospitalized Children Younger Than 5 Years With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Delta and Omicron Waves. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2242295. [PMID: 36383384 PMCID: PMC9669815 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This cohort study uses COVID-19 Pediatric Observatory study data to analyze the vaccination status of parents with young children hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta and Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florie Solignac
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Université de Paris-Cité, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Université De Paris-Cité, France
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris-Cité, France
| | - Camille Aupiais
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris-Cité, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Universitaire Jean-Verdier, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Paul Casha
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale-Groupe de Recherche Clinique-Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Service of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois), Switzerland
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, France
- HeKA, Inria Paris, France
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14
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Cohen PR, Rybak A, Werner A, Béchet S, Desandes R, Hassid F, André JM, Gelbert N, Thiebault G, Kochert F, Cahn-Sellem F, Vié Le Sage F, Angoulvant PF, Ouldali N, Frandji B, Levy C. Trends in pediatric ambulatory community acquired infections before and during COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective multicentric surveillance study in France. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 22:100497. [PMID: 36034052 PMCID: PMC9398201 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Covid-19 pandemic control has imposed several non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Strict application of these measures has had a dramatic reduction on the epidemiology of several infectious diseases. As the pandemic is ongoing for more than 2 years, some of these measures have been removed, mitigated, or less well applied. The aim of this study is to investigate the trends of pediatric ambulatory infectious diseases before and up to two years after the onset of the pandemic. Methods We conducted a prospective surveillance study in France with 107 pediatricians specifically trained in pediatric infectious diseases. From January 2018 to April 2022, the electronic medical records of children with an infectious disease were automatically extracted. The annual number of infectious diseases in 2020 and 2021 was compared to 2018-2019 and their frequency was compared by logistic regression. Findings From 2018 to 2021, 185,368 infectious diseases were recorded. Compared to 2018 (n=47,116) and 2019 (n=51,667), the annual number of cases decreased in 2020 (n=35,432) by about a third. Frequency of scarlet fever, tonsillopharyngitis, enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, and gastroenteritis decreased with OR varying from 0·6 (CI95% [0·5;0·7]) to 0·9 (CI95% [0·8;0·9]), p<0·001. In 2021, among the 52,153 infectious diagnoses, an off-season rebound was observed with increased frequency of enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis and otitis with OR varying from 1·1 (CI95% [1·0;1·1]) to 1·5 (CI95% [1·4;1·5]), p<0·001. Interpretation While during NPIs strict application, the overall frequency of community-acquired infections was reduced, after relaxation of these measures, a rebound of some of them (enteroviral infections, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, otitis) occurred beyond the pre-pandemic level. These findings highlight the need for continuous surveillance of infectious diseases, especially insofar as future epidemics are largely unpredictable. Funding ACTIV, AFPA, GSK, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi.
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15
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Farrar DS, Drouin O, Moore Hepburn C, Baerg K, Chan K, Cyr C, Donner EJ, Embree JE, Farrell C, Forgie S, Giroux R, Kang KT, King M, Laffin Thibodeau M, Orkin J, Ouldali N, Papenburg J, Pound CM, Price VE, Proulx-Gauthier JP, Purewal R, Ricci C, Sadarangani M, Salvadori MI, Thibeault R, Top KA, Viel-Thériault I, Kakkar F, Morris SK. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized children in Canada: A national prospective study from March 2020–May 2021. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2022; 15:100337. [PMID: 35936225 PMCID: PMC9342862 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Farrar D, Drouin O, Hepburn CM, Baerg K, Chan K, Cyr C, Donner E, Embree J, Farrell C, Forgie S, Giroux R, Kang K, King M, Laffin-Thibodeau M, Luu TM, Orkin J, Ouldali N, Papenburg J, Pound C, Price VE, Proulx-Gauthier JP, Purewal R, Sadarangani M, Salvadori M, Thibeault R, Top K, Viel-Thériault I, Kakkar F, Morris S. 50 Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized children in Canada: A national prospective study from March 2020–May 2021. Paediatr Child Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9586042 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxac100.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children living with chronic comorbid conditions are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 disease, though there is limited evidence regarding the risks associated with specific conditions and which children may benefit from targeted COVID-19 therapies. Age-specific baseline indicators of COVID-19 severity are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies in the paediatric population. Objectives In this study, we aimed to 1) identify factors associated with severe COVID-19 in children, and 2) describe rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and severe COVID-19 within specific pediatric age groups. Design/Methods We conducted a national prospective study on hospitalized children with microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection via the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program from March 2020–May 2021. Cases were reported voluntarily by a network of >2800 paediatricians and paediatric subspecialists. SARS-CoV-2 hospitalizations were classified as COVID-19-related, incidental infection, or infection control/social admissions. Severe disease was defined as intensive care, ventilatory or hemodynamic requirements, select organ system complications, or death. Outcomes were described among children aged <6 months, 6–23 months, 2–4 years, 5–11 years, and 12–17 years. Risk factors for severe disease were identified using multivariable Poisson regression, adjusting for child age and sex, coinfections, and timing of hospitalization. Results We identified 541 children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 329 (60.8%) with COVID-19-related disease. Median age at admission was 2.8 years (IQR 0.3-13.5) and 42.9% (n=232) had at least one comorbidity. Among COVID-19-related hospitalizations, severe disease occurred in 29.5% of children (n=97/329), including a higher proportion of children aged 2–4 years (48.7%) and 12–17 years (41.3%) (Table 1). Comorbidities associated with severe disease are described in Figure 1, and included technology dependence (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-2.95), neurologic conditions (e.g. epilepsy and chromosomal/genetic conditions) (aRR 1.87, 95% CI 1.34-2.61), and pulmonary conditions (e.g. bronchopulmonary dysplasia and uncontrolled asthma) (aRR 1.66, 95% CI 1.13-2.42). Conclusion While severe outcomes were detected at all ages and among patients with and without comorbidities, neurologic and pulmonary conditions as well as technology dependence were associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19. Children aged 2–4 years more commonly experienced severe COVID-19 in this study, which was conducted at a time when no children were eligible for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Notably, this high-risk group remains without access to approved vaccines. These findings may help guide vaccination programs and prioritize targeted COVID-19 therapies for children. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Drouin
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine
| | | | | | | | - Claude Cyr
- Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan Giroux
- St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto
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17
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Rybak A, Aupiais C, Cotillon M, Basmaci R, de Pontual L, Bonacorsi S, Mariani P, Landraud L, Brichler S, Poilane I, Ouldali N, Titomanlio L. Reassessing the Performance of the "Step-By-Step" Approach to Febrile Infants 90 Days of Age and Younger in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicentric Retrospective Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:e365-e368. [PMID: 35703301 PMCID: PMC9359674 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants with COVID-19 can often present with fever without source, which is a challenging situation in infants <90 days old. The "step-by-step" algorithm has been proposed to identify children at high risk of bacterial infection. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to reassess the diagnostic performance of this algorithm. METHODS We performed a multicentric retrospective study in 3 French pediatric emergency departments between 2018 and 2020. We applied the "step-by-step" algorithm to 4 clinical entities: COVID-19, febrile urinary tract infections (FUTI), invasive bacterial infection (IBI), and enterovirus infections. The main outcome was the proportion of infants classified at high risk (ill-appearing, ≤21 days old, with leukocyturia or procalcitonin level ≥0.5 ng/mL). RESULTS Among the 199 infants included, 40 had isolated COVID-19, 25 had IBI, 60 had FUTI, and 74 had enterovirus infection. All but 1 infant with bacterial infection were classified at high risk (96% for IBI and 100% for FUTI) as well as 95% with enterovirus and 82% with COVID-19. Infants with COVID-19 were classified at high risk because an ill-appearance (72%), an age ≤21 days (27%), or leukocyturia (19%). All these infants had procalcitonin values <0.5 ng/mL and only 1 had C-reactive protein level >20 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS The "step-by-step" algorithm remains effective to identify infants with bacterial infection but misclassifies most infants with COVID-19 as at high risk of bacterial infection leading to unnecessary cares. An updated algorithm based adding viral testing may be needed to discriminate fever related to isolated COVID-19 in infants <90 days old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Camille Aupiais
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie Cotillon
- Department of Pediatrics, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Colombes, France
| | - Romain Basmaci
- Department of Pediatrics, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Colombes, France
| | - Loïc de Pontual
- Department of Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1137 Infection-Antimicrobials-Modelling-Evolution (IAME), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Mariani
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Luce Landraud
- Department of Microbiology, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Colombes, France
| | - Ségolène Brichler
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis University Hospitals, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Isabelle Poilane
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis University Hospitals, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), Créteil, France
| | - Luigi Titomanlio
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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18
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Cohen R, Rybak A, Ouldali N, Angoulvant F, Béchet S, Gajdos V, Hau I, Sellam A, El Aouane El Ghomari I, Elmerich F, Batard C, Auvrignon A, Grimprel E, Favier M, Jung C, Levy C. From the original SARS-CoV-2 strain to the Omicron variant: predictors of COVID-19 in ambulatory symptomatic children. Infect Dis Now 2022; 52:432-440. [PMID: 36116761 PMCID: PMC9477611 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the predictors of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in a pediatric ambulatory setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional prospective study (November 2020-February 2022) of 93 ambulatory settings in France. We included symptomatic children < 15 years old tested for SARS-CoV-2. For each period corresponding to the spread of the original strain and its variants (period 1: original strain; period 2: Alpha, period 3: Delta; period 4: Omicron), we used a multivariate analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) associated with COVID-19 among age, signs, symptoms or contact, and 95 % confidence intervals (95CIs). RESULTS Of 5,336 children, 13.9 % (95CI 13.0-14.8) had a positive test. During the first three periods, the positivity rate ranged from 5.6 % (95CI 4.6-6.7) to 12.6 % (95CI 10.8-14.6). The main factors associated with a positive test were contact with an infected adult at home or outside the home (aOR 11.5 [95CI 4.9-26.9] to 38.9 [95CI 19.3-78.7]) or an infected household child (aOR 15.0 [95CI 4.8-47.1] to 28.4 [95CI 8.7-92.6]). By contrast, during period 4, aORs for these predictors were substantially lower (2.3 [95CI 1.1-4.5] to 5.5 [95CI 3.2-7.7]), but the positivity rate was 45.7 % (95CI 42.3-49.2). CONCLUSIONS In pediatric ambulatory settings, before the Omicron period, the main predictor of a positive test was contact with an infected person. During the Omicron period, the odds of these predictors were substantially lower while the positivity rate was higher. An accurate diagnostic strategy should only rely on testing and not on age, signs, symptoms or contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France
| | - A Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France.
| | - N Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Robert Debré Hospital, France
| | - F Angoulvant
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Robert Debré Hospital, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - S Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - V Gajdos
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - I Hau
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - A Sellam
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | | | - F Elmerich
- CHU Reims, Urgences Pédiatriques, France
| | - C Batard
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - A Auvrignon
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France
| | - E Grimprel
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - M Favier
- GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Urgences Pédiatriques CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Jung
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - C Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France.
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A, Donzeau A, Aridi LE, Lety S, Leboucher B, Baur A, Jeusset L, Selegny M, Fedorczuk C, Lajus M, Bensaid P, Laoudi Y, Pons C, Robert AC, Beaucourt C, De Pontual L, Richard M, Goisque E, Iriart X, Brissaud O, Segretin P, Molimard J, Orecel MC, Benoit G, Bongiovanni L, Guerder M, Pouyau R, De Guillebon De Resnes JM, Mezgueldi E, Cour-Andlauer F, Horvat C, Poinsot P, Frachette C, Ouziel A, Gillet Y, Barrey C, Brouard J, Villedieu F, Ro V, Elanga N, Gajdos V, Basmaci R, Mutar H, Rouget S, Nattes E, Hau I, Biscardi S, Jurdi HE, Jung C, Semama D, Huet F, Zoccarato AM, Sarakbi M, Mortamet G, Bost-Bru C, Bassil J, Vinit C, Hentgen V, Leroux P, Bertrand V, Parrod C, Craiu I, Kone-Paut I, Durand P, Tissiere P, Claude C, Morelle G, Guiddir T, Borocco C, Delion F, Guillot C, Leteurtre S, Dubos F, Jouancastay M, Martinot A, Voeusler V, Languepin J, Garrec N, Demersay AC, Morand A, Bosdure E, Vanel N, Ughetto F, Michel F, Caujolle M, Blonde R, Nguyen J, Vignaud O, Masserot-Lureau C, Gouraud F, Araujo C, Ingrao T, Naji S, Sehaba M, Roche C, Carbasse A, Milesi C, Mazeghrane M, Haupt S, Schweitzer C, Romefort B, Launay E, Guen CGL, Ali A, Blot N, Tran A, Rancurel A, Afanetti M, Odorico S, Talmud D, Chosidow A, Romain AS, Grimprel E, Pouletty M, Gaschignard J, Corseri O, Faye A, Gaschignard J, Melki I, Ducrocq C, Benzoïd C, Lokmer J, Dauger S, Chomton M, Deho A, Lebourgeois F, Renolleau S, Lesage F, Moulin F, Dupic L, Pinhas Y, Debray A, Chalumeau M, Abadie V, Frange P, Cohen JF, Allali S, Curtis W, Belhadjer Z, Auriau J, Méot M, Houyel L, Bonnet D, Delacourt C, Meunier BB, Quartier P, Shaim Y, Baril L, Crommelynck S, Jacquot B, Blanc P, Maledon N, Robert B, Loeile C, Cazau C, Loron G, Gaga S, Vittot C, Nabhani LE, Buisson F, Prudent M, Flodrops H, Mokraoui F, Escoda S, Deschamps N, Bonnemains L, Mahi SL, Mertes C, Terzic J, Helms J, Idier C, Chenichene S, Ursulescu NM, Beaujour G, Hakim A, Miquel A, Rey A, Wiedermann A, Charbonneau A, Veauvy-Juven A, Ferry A, Mandelcwajg A, Rousseau A, Prenant A, Bourneuf AL, Filleron A, Robine A, Félix A, Parizel A, Labarre A, Cantais A, Ros B, Coulon B, Biot B, Dalichoux B, Fournier B, Cagnard B, Vanel B, Brossier D, Ménager B, Ozanne B, Marie-Jeanne C, Bergerot C, Chavy C, Guidon C, Fabre C, Galeotti C, Baker C, Ballot-Schmit C, Belleau C, Charasse C, Favel C, Toumi C, Ferrandiz C, Couturier C, Pouchoux C, Chomton-Cailliez M, Kevorkian-Verguet C, Brunet C, Manteau C, Mougey C, Santy C, Fitament C, Petriat C, Rebelle C, Charron C, Dartus M, Toulorge D, Guillou-Debuisson C, Bartebin D, Klein V, Broustal E, Desselas E, Marteau E, Bouvrot E, Delacroix E, Coinde E, Elnabhani L, Amouyal E, Chaillou E, Gabilly-Bernard E, Ruiz E, Thibault E, Robin E, Darrieux E, Blondel E, Socchi F, Cazassus F, Bajolle F, Lacin F, Madhi F, Zekre F, Guerin F, Boussicault G, Ginies H, Magloire G, Arnold G, Coulognon I, Sicard-Cras I, Kahn JE, Bordet J, Fausser JL, Baleine JF, Brice J, Gendras J, Pekin K, Norbert K, Karsenty C, Savary L, Martinat L, Lesniewski L, Charbonnier L, Alexandre L, Percheron L, Vincenti M, Selegny M, Lanzini M, Grisval M, Mercy M, Lampin ME, Desgranges M, Duperril M, Orcel MC, Audier M, Favier M, Carpentier M, Balcean M, Bonnet M, Jouret M, Delattre M, Levy M, Valensi M, Shum M, Dumortier M, Gelin M, Nemmouchi M, Williaume M, Sebaha M, Genetay-Stanescu N, Giroux N, Crassard N, Derridj N, Lachaume N, Werner O, Guilluy O, Richer O, Tirel O, Pauvert A, Casha P, Perez N, Gras P, Leger PL, Pinchou M, Mornand P, Largo P, Ibanez RC, Roulland C, Albarazi SH, Bichali S, Faton S, Schott A, Walser S, Guillaume S, Vincent S, Galene-Gromez S, Kozisek S, Maugard T, Blanc T, Navarro T, Lauvray T, Kovacs T, Launay V, Despert V, Lhostis V, Gall V, Micaelli X, Benadjaoud Y, Matoussi Z, Géniaux H, Facile A, Pietri T, Palassin P, Pinel S, Chouchana L, Callot D, Boulay C. Correction to “Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study”. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022. [PMID: 35967266 PMCID: PMC9364716 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Assad Z, Michel M, Valtuille Z, Lazzati A, Boizeau P, Madhi F, Gaschignard J, Pham LL, Caseris M, Cohen R, Kaguelidou F, Varon E, Alberti C, Faye A, Angoulvant F, Koehl B, Ouldali N. Incidence of Acute Chest Syndrome in Children With Sickle Cell Disease Following Implementation of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in France. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2225141. [PMID: 35917121 PMCID: PMC9346553 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.25141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading acute severe complications of sickle-cell disease (SCD). Although Streptococcus pneumoniae (S pneumoniae) is highly prevalent in children with SCD, its precise role in ACS is unclear. The efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) implementation on ACS is still unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the association of PCV13 implementation in the general pediatric population with the incidence of ACS in children with SCD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used an interrupted time-series analysis of patient records from a national hospital-based French surveillance system. All children younger than 18 years with SCD (based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision definition) hospitalized in France between January 2007 and December 2019 were included. EXPOSURES PCV13 implementation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Monthly incidence of ACS per 1000 children with SCD over time as analyzed by segmented linear regression with autoregressive error; monthly incidence of hospitalization for vaso-occlusive crisis, asthma crisis, and acute pyelonephritis per 1000 children with SCD over the same period as the control outcomes. RESULTS Among the 107 694 hospitalizations of children with SCD, 4007 episodes of ACS were included (median [IQR] age, 8 [4-12] years; 2228 [55.6%] boys). PCV13 implementation in 2010 was followed by a significant decrease in the incidence of ACS (-0.9% per month; 95% CI, -1.4% to -0.4%; P < .001), with an estimated cumulative change of -41.8% (95% CI, -70.8% to -12.7%) by 2019. Sensitivity analyses yielded the same results, including the incidence of ACS adjusted for that of vaso-occlusive crisis over time. The results were similar among different age groups. By contrast, no change was found for the 3 control outcomes over the study period. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE PCV13 implementation was associated with an important reduction in the incidence of ACS in children with SCD. This vaccine benefit provides new evidence of the key role of S pneumoniae in ACS and should be considered when estimating outcomes associated with current PCVs and the potential benefit of next-generation PCVs in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zein Assad
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Morgane Michel
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- ECEVE (Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Zaba Valtuille
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Lazzati
- Department of General Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Priscilla Boizeau
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Jean Gaschignard
- Department of General Pediatrics, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Longjumeaux, France
- IAME (Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1137, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Luu-Ly Pham
- Department of General Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Alberti
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- ECEVE (Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- ECEVE (Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Unité mixte de recherche S1138), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Koehl
- Department of Child Hematology, Reference Center for Sickle-Cell Disease Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Integrated Biology of Red Blood Cells, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche S1134, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- ECEVE (Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Paris University, Paris, France
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France
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21
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Rybak A, Levy C, Angoulvant F, Auvrignon A, Gembara P, Danis K, Vaux S, Levy-Bruhl D, van der Werf S, Béchet S, Bonacorsi S, Assad Z, Lazzati A, Michel M, Kaguelidou F, Faye A, Cohen R, Varon E, Ouldali N. Association of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Pneumococcal Carriage, and Respiratory Viral Infections Among Children in France. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2218959. [PMID: 35763298 PMCID: PMC9240903 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.18959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE An association between pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been previously established. However, it is unclear whether the decrease in IPD incidence observed after implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with concomitant changes in pneumococcal carriage and respiratory viral infections. OBJECTIVE To assess changes in IPD incidence after the implementation of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their temporal association with changes in pneumococcal carriage rate and respiratory viral infections (specifically respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] and influenza cases) among children in France. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used interrupted time series analysis of data from ambulatory and hospital-based national continuous surveillance systems of pneumococcal carriage, RSV and influenza-related diseases, and IPD between January 1, 2007, and March 31, 2021. Participants included 11 944 children younger than 15 years in France. EXPOSURES Implementation of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The estimated fraction of IPD change after implementation of NPIs and the association of this change with concomitant changes in pneumococcal carriage rate and RSV and influenza cases among children younger than 15 years. The estimated fraction of change was analyzed using a quasi-Poisson regression model. RESULTS During the study period, 5113 children (median [IQR] age, 1.0 [0.6-4.0] years; 2959 boys [57.9%]) had IPD, and 6831 healthy children (median [IQR] age, 1.5 [0.9-3.9] years; 3534 boys [51.7%]) received a swab test. Data on race and ethnicity were not collected. After NPI implementation, IPD incidence decreased by 63% (95% CI, -82% to -43%; P < .001) and was similar for non-13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes with both high disease potential (-63%; 95% CI, -77% to -48%; P < .001) and low disease potential (-53%; 95% CI, -70% to -35%; P < .001). The overall pneumococcal carriage rate did not significantly change after NPI implementation (-12%; 95% CI, -37% to 12%; P = .32), nor did the carriage rate for non-PCV13 serotypes with high disease potential (-26%; 95% CI, -100% to 52%; P = .50) or low disease potential (-7%; 95% CI, -34% to 20%; P = .61). After NPI implementation, the estimated number of influenza cases decreased by 91% (95% CI, -74% to -97%; P < .001), and the estimated number of RSV cases decreased by 74% (95% CI, -55% to -85%; P < .001). Overall, the decrease in influenza and RSV cases accounted for 53% (95% CI, -28% to -78%; P < .001) and 40% (95% CI, -15% to -65%; P = .002) of the decrease in IPD incidence during the NPI period, respectively. The decrease in IPD incidence was not associated with pneumococcal carriage, with carriage accounting for only 4% (95% CI, -7% to 15%; P = .49) of the decrease. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of data from multiple national continuous surveillance systems, a decrease in pediatric IPD incidence occurred after the implementation of NPIs in France; this decrease was associated with a decrease in viral infection cases rather than pneumococcal carriage rate. The association between pneumococcal carriage and IPD was potentially modified by changes in the number of RSV and influenza cases, suggesting that interventions targeting respiratory viruses, such as immunoprophylaxis or vaccines for RSV and influenza, may be able to prevent a large proportion of pediatric IPD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Auvrignon
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Piotr Gembara
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Kostas Danis
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sophie Vaux
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Daniel Levy-Bruhl
- Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sylvie van der Werf
- Centre National de Référence des Infections Respiratoires, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Microbiologie, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1137, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zein Assad
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Pédiatrie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Andréa Lazzati
- Chirurgie Générale, Digestive et de l'Obésité, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Unité 955, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Morgane Michel
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
- Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Néonatalogie et Réanimation Néonatale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Université Paris Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
- Microbiologie et Centre National de Référence du Pneumocoque, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Epidémiologie Clinique–Évaluation Économique Appliqué aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses Pédiatriques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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22
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Ouldali N, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Antona D, Pariente A, Leblanc C, Tebacher M, Micallef J, Levy C, Cohen R, Javouhey E, Bader-Meunier B, Ovaert C, Renolleau S, Hentgen V, Kone-Paut I, Deschamps N, De Pontual L, Iriart X, Guen CGL, Angoulvant F, Belot A. Hyper inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children: A national post-authorization pharmacovigilance study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 17:100393. [PMID: 35505833 PMCID: PMC9051933 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe clinical entity associated with pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection with a putative role of the spike protein into the immune system activation. Whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccine can induce this complication in children is unknown. We aimed to assess the risk of hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in children. Methods We conducted a post-authorization national population-based surveillance using the French enhanced pharmacovigilance surveillance system for COVID-19 vaccines. All cases of suspected hyper-inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children between June 15th, 2021 and January 1st, 2022, were reported. Cases were reviewed according to WHO criteria for MIS-C. The reporting rate of this syndrome was compared to the MIS-C rate per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Findings Up to January 2022, 8,113,058 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses were administered to 4,079,234 12–17-year-old children. Among them, 12 presented a hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multisystemic involvement. Main clinical features included male predominance (10/12, 83%), cardiac involvement (10/12, 83%), digestive symptoms (10/12, 83%), coagulopathy (7/12, 58%), cytolytic hepatitis (6/12, 50%), and shock (5/12, 42%). 4/12 (33%) required intensive care unit transfer, and 3/12 (25%) hemodynamic support. All cases recovered. In eight cases, no evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was found. The reporting rate was 1.5 (95%CI [0.8; 2.6]) per 1,000,000 doses injected, i.e. 2.9 (95%CI [1.5; 5.1]) per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old vaccinated children. As a comparison, 113 MIS-C (95%CI [95; 135]) occurred per 1,000,000 12–17-year-old children infected by SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation Very few cases of hyper-inflammatory syndrome with multi-organ involvement occurred following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 12–17-year-old children. The low reporting rate of this syndrome, compared to the rate of post-SARS-CoV-2 MIS-C in the same age-group, largely supports the vaccination in a context of an important circulation of SARS-CoV-2. Funding ESPID Fellowship Award; Grandir–Fonds de Solidarité Pour L'enfance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
- Corresponding author at: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Haleh Bagheri
- Department of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, CIC 1436, Toulouse University Hospital, France
| | - Francesco Salvo
- INSERM, BPH, U1219, Team Pharmacoepidemiology, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Pole de Santé Publique, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, Regional pharmacovigilance center of Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Antoine Pariente
- Team Pharmacoepidemiology, U1219 BPH Research Center, Bordeaux University, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martine Tebacher
- Regional pharmacovigilance center of Strasbourg, HUS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joëlle Micallef
- Marseille University hospital, Clinical pharmacology department Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1106, Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Center, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Bron, France
- EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Department of Paediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France, Reference center for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic diseases in children (RAISE), Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Imagine Institute, Paris University, Inserm U 1163, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hôpital Timone Enfant, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvain Renolleau
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
- Paris University, Paris EA7323, France
| | - Veronique Hentgen
- General Pediatrics department, Versailles Hospital, Paris, France
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Kone-Paut
- CEREMAIA (French reference center for auto-inflammatory diseases and inflammatory amyloidosis), Paris, France
- Pediatric Rheumatology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP, University of Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Nina Deschamps
- General Pediatrics department, Saint-Malo Hospital, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Loïc De Pontual
- General Pediatrics and Pediatric emergency department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Xavier Iriart
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Gras-Le Guen
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
- Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research team, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris F-75004, France
- Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general paediatrics, paediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for Rheumatic and AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France
- Corresponding author at: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie / INSERM U1111, Bron, France.
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23
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Rybak A, Varon E, Masson E, Etchevers A, Levy-Brühl D, Ouldali N, Levy C, Cohen R. Investigation of Concurrent Pneumococcal Meningitis in Two Children Attending the Same Day-Care Center. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:945767. [PMID: 35928689 PMCID: PMC9344131 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.945767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a few clusters of invasive pneumococcal disease have been described globally in children, and most of these cases occurred before pneumococcal vaccination implementation. Two unusual cases of pneumococcal meningitis, occurring in the same daycare center over a 3-day period, were reported. Both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were sent to the National reference center for pneumococci. In addition, we decided to perform a pneumococcal carriage study on all children and staff of the daycare center to analyze the pneumococcal serotypes circulating in this DCC and to discuss an antibiotic chemoprophylaxis. CSF culture was positive for pneumococcus, and serotype 25A was identified by latex agglutination. The second case had negative CSF culture, but CSF antigen test and gene amplification results were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Serotype 12F was identified by using molecular biology. The absence of correlation between these strains was confirmed by multi-locus sequence typing. In the carriage study, we included 29 children (median age 1.9 years, interquartile range 1.4-2.5) and 10 adults. Among the children, 24 carried Streptococcus pneumoniae (83%). The main serotypes isolated were 23A for 6 children and 25A for 5 children; serotypes were non-typeable for 3 children. Only 1 of 10 adults tested carried Streptococcus pneumoniae (serotype 12F). Despite this temporo-spatial pattern, the cases were unrelated and not due to carriage of a particular serotype. No specific action has been taken for the other children attending this DCC, and no other case of bacterial meningitis occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Medical Biology and National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Intercommunal Hospital of Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Elodie Masson
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anne Etchevers
- The National Public Health institute, Saint-Maurice, France
| | | | - Naïm Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Infectious Diseases Division, CHU Sainte Justine - Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France.,Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.,Neonates Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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24
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Rybak A, Ouldali N, Angoulvant F, Minodier P, Biscardi S, Madhi F, Hau I, Santos A, Bouvy E, Dubos F, Martinot A, Dommergues MA, Gras-Le Guen C, Launay E, Levieux K, Zenkhri F, Craiu I, Lorrot M, Gillet Y, Mezgueldi E, Faye A, Béchet S, Varon E, Cohen R, Levy C. Shift in Clinical Profile of Hospitalized Pneumonia in Children in the Non-pharmaceutical Interventions Period During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Multicenter Study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:782894. [PMID: 35391746 PMCID: PMC8980475 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.782894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against coronavirus disease 2019 were implemented in March 2020. These measures were followed by a major impact on viral and non-viral diseases. We aimed to assess the impact of NPI implementation in France on hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (hCAP) frequency and the clinical and biological characteristics of the remaining cases in children. We performed a quasi-experimental interrupted time-series analysis. Between June 2014 and December 2020, eight pediatric emergency departments throughout France reported prospectively all cases of hCAP in children from age 1 month to 15 years. We estimated the impact on the monthly number of hCAP using segmented linear regression with autoregressive error model. We included 2,972 hCAP cases; 115 occurred during the NPI implementation period. We observed a sharp decrease in the monthly number of hCAP after NPI implementation [-63.0% (95 confidence interval, -86.8 to -39.2%); p < 0.001]. Children with hCAP were significantly older during than before the NPI period (median age, 3.9 vs. 2.3 years; p < 0.0001), and we observed a higher proportion of low inflammatory marker status (43.5 vs. 33.1%; p = 0.02). Furthermore, we observed a trend with a decrease in the proportion of cases with pleural effusion (5.3% during the NPI period vs. 10.9% before the NPI; p = 0.06). NPI implementation during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic led not only to a strong decrease in the number of hCAP cases but also a modification in the clinical profile of children affected, which may reflect a change in pathogens involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rybak
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Minodier
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Sandra Biscardi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Isabelle Hau
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Audrey Santos
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Bouvy
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - François Dubos
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alain Martinot
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Aliette Dommergues
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Christèle Gras-Le Guen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elise Launay
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karine Levieux
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ferielle Zenkhri
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Irina Craiu
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yves Gillet
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, L'Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ellia Mezgueldi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Emergency, L'Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Albert Faye
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123 Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Intercommunal, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.,Neonates Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,Paris Est University, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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25
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Mercier JC, Ouldali N, Basmaci R. [Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with Covid]. Rev Prat 2021; 71:1009-1015. [PMID: 35147323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (mis-c) Asociated with covid Although children are less susceptible to sars-cov-2 and less symptomatic than adults with low mortality, clusters of Septic shock associated with elevated cardiac biomarkers and unusual vasoplegia have been recently described and Treated by inotropes, vasopressors, and fluid loading. Both clinical symptoms (i.e., high and persistent fever, gastrointestinal Disorders, skin rash, conjunctivitis and dry cracked lips) and biological signs (e.g., elevated crp/procalcitonin, high Levels of ferritinemia) resembled kawasaki disease. In most instances, intravenous immunoglobin therapy with glucosteroids Improved the cardiac function and led to full recovery within a few days. However, adjunctive biotherapy (e.g., Anti-il-1ra, anti-il-6 monoclonal antibodies) was sometimes necessary. Although almost all children fully recovered Within a few days, some of them developed late coronary artery dilation or aneurysm. Thus, a new "multisystem inflammatory Syndrome in children" (mis-c) associated with sars-cov-2 has been identified, and its pathophysiology better Understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- CCA, membre du Pediatric-Biocovid Study Group, service de pédiatrie générale, hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Romain Basmaci
- PU-PH, membre du Pediatric-Biocovid Study Group, service de pédiatrie générale, AP-HP, hôpital Louis-Mourier, Colombes ; Inserm UMR 1137 (IAME) ; université de Paris, France
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26
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Yang DD, Ouldali N, Gajdos V, Thomas-Sertillanges R, Vasante L, Skurnik D, Angoulvant F. Common Pediatric Respiratory Infectious Diseases as Possible Early Predictor for New Wave of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:358-359. [PMID: 32894752 PMCID: PMC7499521 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Gajdos
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France.,Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Roxane Thomas-Sertillanges
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Loganayagi Vasante
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Strategy and Transformation Management Department-Emergencies and Intensive Cares, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Production and Data Analysis Department, Paris France
| | - David Skurnik
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1151-Equipe 11, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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27
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Poline J, Gaschignard J, Leblanc C, Madhi F, Foucaud E, Nattes E, Faye A, Bonacorsi S, Mariani P, Varon E, Smati-Lafarge M, Caseris M, Basmaci R, Lachaume N, Ouldali N. Systematic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Screening at Hospital Admission in Children: A French Prospective Multicenter Study. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:2215-2217. [PMID: 32710743 PMCID: PMC7454330 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the relevance of systematic SARS-CoV-2 screening of all children admitted to hospital, we conducted a prospective multicenter study including 438 consecutive hospitalized children. A symptom-based SARS-CoV-2 testing strategy failed to identify 45% (95%CI [24; 68]) of hospitalized children infected by SARS-CoV-2. To limit intra-hospital transmission, a systematic screening of children admitted to hospital should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Poline
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Center for Research on Inflammation, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche1149, Paris, France
| | - Jean Gaschignard
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Inserm Unité mixte de Recherche1137, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Claire Leblanc
- Department of General Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Elsa Foucaud
- Department of General Pediatrics, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Elodie Nattes
- Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Inserm Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Épidémiologie Clinique, Évaluation économique appliquées aux populations Vulnérables, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Université de Paris, Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Inserm Unité mixte de Recherche1137, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France.,Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Mariani
- Department of Microbiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.,National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Créteil, France
| | - Mounira Smati-Lafarge
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Romain Basmaci
- Université de Paris, Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Inserm Unité mixte de Recherche1137, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie-Urgences, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Colombes, France
| | - Noémie Lachaume
- Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie-Urgences, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Colombes, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Unité de formation et de recherche de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Inserm Unité mixte de recherche 1123, Épidémiologie Clinique, Évaluation économique appliquées aux populations Vulnérables, Paris, France.,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
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Ouldali N, Toubiana J, Antona D, Javouhey E, Madhi F, Lorrot M, Léger PL, Galeotti C, Claude C, Wiedemann A, Lachaume N, Ovaert C, Dumortier M, Kahn JE, Mandelcwajg A, Percheron L, Biot B, Bordet J, Girardin ML, Yang DD, Grimaud M, Oualha M, Allali S, Bajolle F, Beyler C, Meinzer U, Levy M, Paulet AM, Levy C, Cohen R, Belot A, Angoulvant F. Association of Intravenous Immunoglobulins Plus Methylprednisolone vs Immunoglobulins Alone With Course of Fever in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. JAMA 2021; 325:855-864. [PMID: 33523115 PMCID: PMC7851757 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe pediatric disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, potentially life-threatening, but the optimal therapeutic strategy remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) plus methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone as initial therapy in MIS-C. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective cohort study drawn from a national surveillance system with propensity score-matched analysis. All cases with suspected MIS-C were reported to the French National Public Health Agency. Confirmed MIS-C cases fulfilling the World Health Organization definition were included. The study started on April 1, 2020, and follow-up ended on January 6, 2021. EXPOSURES IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was persistence of fever 2 days after the introduction of initial therapy or recrudescence of fever within 7 days, which defined treatment failure. Secondary outcomes included a second-line therapy, hemodynamic support, acute left ventricular dysfunction after first-line therapy, and length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit. The primary analysis involved propensity score matching with a minimum caliper of 0.1. RESULTS Among 181 children with suspected MIS-C, 111 fulfilled the World Health Organization definition (58 females [52%]; median age, 8.6 years [interquartile range, 4.7 to 12.1]). Five children did not receive either treatment. Overall, 3 of 34 children (9%) in the IVIG and methylprednisolone group and 37 of 72 (51%) in the IVIG alone group did not respond to treatment. Treatment with IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone was associated with lower risk of treatment failure (absolute risk difference, -0.28 [95% CI, -0.48 to -0.08]; odds ratio [OR], 0.25 [95% CI, 0.09 to 0.70]; P = .008). IVIG and methylprednisolone therapy vs IVIG alone was also significantly associated with lower risk of use of second-line therapy (absolute risk difference, -0.22 [95% CI, -0.40 to -0.04]; OR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.61]; P = .004), hemodynamic support (absolute risk difference, -0.17 [95% CI, -0.34 to -0.004]; OR, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.76]), acute left ventricular dysfunction occurring after initial therapy (absolute risk difference, -0.18 [95% CI, -0.35 to -0.01]; OR, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.66]), and duration of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (median, 4 vs 6 days; difference in days, -2.4 [95% CI, -4.0 to -0.7]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among children with MIS-C, treatment with IVIG and methylprednisolone vs IVIG alone was associated with a more favorable fever course. Study interpretation is limited by the observational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence Nationale de Santé Publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Bron, France
- EA 7426 Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Paediatric Department, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatric, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Léger
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Galeotti
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Reference Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Amyloidosis (CEREMAIA), Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Caroline Claude
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Children’s Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Paediatric Department, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- INSERM UMRS 1256 NGERE, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Noémie Lachaume
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Departement, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Timone Hospital Marseille, University Hospital, Marseille, France
- INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Morgane Dumortier
- Hôpital Femme Enfant Adolescent, Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Emergency, University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Kahn
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Internal Medicine Department, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Lucas Percheron
- Hôpital des Enfants, Paediatric Nephrology Department, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Biot
- Paediatric Department, Hôpital de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Jeanne Bordet
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Paediatric Cardiology Department, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Laure Girardin
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marion Grimaud
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, EA7323, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, EA7323, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Slimane Allali
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Bajolle
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, M3C Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Constance Beyler
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Cardiopaediatric Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre for Research on Inflammation, UMR1149, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ana-Maria Paulet
- Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Paediatric Department, Trévenans, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/INSERM U1111, Bron, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Ouldali N, Yang DD, Madhi F, Levy M, Gaschignard J, Craiu I, Guiddir T, Schweitzer C, Wiedemann A, Lorrot M, Romain AS, Garraffo A, Haas H, Rouget S, de Pontual L, Aupiais C, Martinot A, Toubiana J, Dupic L, Minodier P, Passard M, Belot A, Levy C, Béchet S, Jung C, Sarakbi M, Ducrocq S, Danekova N, Jhaouat I, Vignaud O, Garrec N, Caron E, Cohen R, Gajdos V, Angoulvant F. Factors Associated With Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pediatrics 2021; 147:peds.2020-023432. [PMID: 33323493 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-023432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initial reports on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in children suggested that very young age and comorbidities may increase risk of severe evolution, but these findings remained to be confirmed. We aimed to analyze the clinical spectrum of hospitalized pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and predictors of severe disease evolution. METHODS We conducted a French national prospective surveillance of children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We included all children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 60 hospitals during February 15 to June 1, 2020. The main outcome was the proportion of children with severe disease, defined by hemodynamic or ventilatory (invasive or not) support requirement. RESULTS We included 397 hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We identified several clinical patterns, ranging from paucisymptomatic children, admitted for surveillance, to lower respiratory tract infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Children <90 days old accounted for 37% of cases (145 of 397), but only 4 (3%) had severe disease. Excluding children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (n = 29) and hospitalized for a diagnosis not related to SARS-CoV-2 (n = 62), 23 of 306 (11%) children had severe disease, including 6 deaths. Factors independently associated with severity were age ≥10 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-10.3), hypoxemia (OR = 8.9 [2.6-29.7]), C-reactive protein level ≥80 mg/L (OR = 6.6 [1.4-27.5]). CONCLUSIONS In contrast with preliminary reports, young age was not an independent factor associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, and children <90 days old were at the lowest risk of severe disease evolution. This may help physicians to better identify risk of severe disease progression in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France.,French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, Paris, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, Paris, France.,Pediatric Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal
| | - Michael Levy
- Pediatric ICU, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean Gaschignard
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Irina Craiu
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Tamazoust Guiddir
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Cyril Schweitzer
- Pediatric Department, Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Pediatric Department, Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Department of General Pediatric, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Romain
- Department of General Pediatric, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Garraffo
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Villeneuve Saint-Georges, Villeneuve Saint-Georges, France
| | - Hervé Haas
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hôpitaux pédiatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval, Nice, France
| | - Sébastien Rouget
- Pediatric Department, Centre Hospitalier Sud-Francilien, Corbeil, France
| | - Loïc de Pontual
- Pediatric Emergency Departement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris - General Pediatric, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Camille Aupiais
- Pediatric Emergency Departement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris - General Pediatric, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Bondy, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Martinot
- Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, & Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Dupic
- Pediatric ICU, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Minodier
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille Nord University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Manon Passard
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, Bron, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, & Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Bron, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Camille Jung
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Clinical Research Center, and
| | - Mayssa Sarakbi
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Gonesse, Gonesse, France
| | - Sarah Ducrocq
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier de Longjumeau, Longjumeau, France
| | - Nevena Danekova
- Pediatric Emergency Departement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Imen Jhaouat
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Olivier Vignaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
| | - Nathalie Garrec
- Department of Pediatrics, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Marnes la vallée, France
| | - Elisabeth Caron
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Poissy/Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, Paris, France.,Neonates Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Gajdos
- Pediatric Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Antoine Béclère University hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France; and.,Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1018, Villejuif, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- French Pediatric Infectious Disease Group, Paris, France; .,Pediatric Emergency Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Roussel A, Germanaud D, Bouchoucha Y, Ouldali N, Vedrenne‐Cloquet M, Castelle M, Baruchel A. Cranial polyneuropathy as the first manifestation of a severe COVID-19 in a child. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e28707. [PMID: 32970376 PMCID: PMC7536950 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aphaia Roussel
- Pediatric Hematology‐Immunology DepartmentUniversity Hospital Robert‐Debre (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - David Germanaud
- Pediatric Neurology DepartmentUniversity Hospital Robert‐Debre (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - Yassine Bouchoucha
- Pediatric Hematology‐Immunology DepartmentUniversity Hospital Robert‐Debre (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- General Pediatric Department and Infectious DiseasesUniversity Hospital Robert‐Debre (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - Meryl Vedrenne‐Cloquet
- Pediatric Intensive Care UnitUniversity Hospital Necker‐Enfants‐Malades (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - Martin Castelle
- Hematology‐Immunology DepartmentUniversity Hospital Necker Enfants Malades (APHP)ParisFrance
| | - André Baruchel
- Pediatric Hematology‐Immunology DepartmentUniversity Hospital Robert‐Debre (APHP)ParisFrance,University of ParisUFR Paris‐NordParisFrance
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31
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Angoulvant F, Ouldali N, Yang DD, Filser M, Gajdos V, Rybak A, Guedj R, Soussan-Banini V, Basmaci R, Lefevre-Utile A, Brun-Ney D, Beaujouan L, Skurnik D. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Impact Caused by School Closure and National Lockdown on Pediatric Visits and Admissions for Viral and Nonviral Infections-a Time Series Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:319-322. [PMID: 33501967 PMCID: PMC7314162 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A time series analysis of 871 543 pediatric emergency visits revealed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown and school closures were associated with a significant decrease in infectious diseases disseminated through airborne or fecal-oral transmission: common cold, gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis, and acute otitis. No change was found for urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, ECEVE Inserm UMR 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Filser
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Gajdos
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France.,Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Inserm UMR1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Romain Guedj
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm UMR1153 , Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Soussan-Banini
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Romain Basmaci
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pédiatrie-Urgences, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Université de Paris, Colombes, France.,IAME , Inserm UMR1137, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Lefevre-Utile
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, General Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France.,Inserm U976, Human Systems Immunology and Inflammatory Networks, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Brun-Ney
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Strategy and Transformation Management Department-Emergencies and Intensive Cares, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Patient Quality Medical Organisation Departement-Health Crisis Management, Paris, France
| | - Laure Beaujouan
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Strategy and Transformation Management Department-Emergencies and Intensive Cares, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Patient Quality Medical Organisation Departement-Health Crisis Management, Paris, France
| | - David Skurnik
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Inserm U1151, Equipe 11, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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32
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Charbonnier L, Rouprêt-Serzec J, Caseris M, Danse M, Cointe A, Cohen L, Faye A, Ouldali N, Gaschignard J. Contribution of Serological Rapid Diagnostic Tests to the Strategy of Contact Tracing in Households Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis in Children. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:638502. [PMID: 34041206 PMCID: PMC8141846 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.638502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The contact tracing and isolation of contagious individuals are cornerstones in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies to identify household contacts who should be isolated around index children that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 remain to be clarified. We aimed to compare contact tracing strategies around an index child positive for SARS-CoV-2 using serological rapid diagnostic testing (RDT, chromatography immunoassay). Methods: We conducted a contact tracing study in households of index cases children in the Paris region, France, between May 8 and July 27, 2020. We compared two strategies, one using SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and one combining RT-PCR and serological RDT, initiated once RDT was available. The contacts RT-PCR-/RDT+ were considered to have been previously infected and not requiring quarantine. The primary outcome was the proportion of contacts that could avoid quarantine with the two screening strategies. Results: We included 34 children as index cases. Median age was 7 years. They generated 184 contacts (111 adults, 73 children) tested by RT-PCR: 24/184 (13%) were positive. The strategy combining RDT and RT-PCR was performed in 120/184 contacts (77 adults, 43 children) of 26 index children: 16/120 (13%) were RT-PCR+ and 47/120 (39%) were RDT+. Among the 16 individuals who were RT-PCR+, 14 (87%) were also RDT+. Among the 104 individuals who were RT-PCR-, 33 were RDT+. Hence 33/120 (27%) individuals were not isolated. Conclusions: Following the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, a strategy combining serological RDT and nasopharyngeal RT-PCR enabled us to identify around one fourth of contacts with past infection and avoid unnecessary quarantine of these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei Charbonnier
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Julie Rouprêt-Serzec
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Marion Danse
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cointe
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.,INSERM U1137 Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laure Cohen
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.,INSERM U1123 Epidémiologie clinique et évaluation économique appliquées aux populations vulnérables, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1123 Epidémiologie clinique et évaluation économique appliquées aux populations vulnérables, Paris, France.,Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Saint Maur des Fossées, France
| | - Jean Gaschignard
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.,INSERM U1137 Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
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33
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Guenver C, Oualha M, Levy C, Antona D, Madhi F, Toubiana J, Lachaume N, Javouhey E, Lorrot M, Yang DD, Levy M, Caseris M, Galeotti C, Ovaert C, Wiedemann A, Girardin ML, Rybak A, Cohen R, Belot A, Angoulvant F, Ouldali N. Educational Setting and SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome: A French National Surveillance System. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:745364. [PMID: 34765576 PMCID: PMC8576449 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.745364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe form associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. To reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the population level, educational setting closure have been implemented in many countries. However, the direct benefit of school closure on the MIS-C burden remains to be explored. We aimed to assess the role of educational settings in SARS-CoV-2 transmission among children with MIS-C. Methods: We conducted a French national prospective surveillance of MIS-C, coordinated by Public Health France, from April 2020 to March 2021. During this period, we included all children with MIS-C fulfilling the WHO definition who were reported to Public Health France. For each child, we traced the source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The main outcome was the proportion of children with MIS-C, with educational setting-related SARS-CoV-2 infection, during the period of school opening. Results: We included 142 children fulfilling WHO criteria for MIS-C: 104 (70%) cases occurred during school opening periods. In total, 62/104 children (60%, 95%CI [50; 69]) had been contaminated by a household contact and 5/104 in educational settings (5%, 95%CI [2; 11]). Among children with MIS-C occurring during school closure periods, the proportion of household transmission remained similar (66%, 25/38). Conclusion: Children with MIS-C were mainly infected by SARS-CoV-2 within their family environment, and the educational setting played a marginal role in this transmission. This suggests that mitigating school attendance may not reduce substantially the burden of MIS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Guenver
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Denise Antona
- Santé Publique France, Agence nationale de Santé publique, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Paediatric Department, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Noémie Lachaume
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, University of Lyon, Le Born, France.,EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatric, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Levy
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marion Caseris
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Galeotti
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Reference Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Amyloidosis (CEREMAIA), Bicêtre University hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Timone Hospital Marseille, University Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Paediatric Department, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.,INSERM UMRS 1256 NGERE, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Laure Girardin
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Hopital Femme, Mère Enfant, & Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie/INSERM U1111, Bron, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Paris, France
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34
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Skurnik D, Rybak A, Yang DD, Pons S, Guedj R, Levy C, Cohen R, Gajdos V, Vasante L, Ouldali N, Angoulvant F. Unexpected lessons from the COVID-19 lockdowns in France: Low impact of school opening on common communicable pediatric airborne diseases. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e2830-e2832. [PMID: 33373441 PMCID: PMC7799226 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Skurnik
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1151-Equipe 11, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,INSERM, ECEVE, UMRS 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - David Dawei Yang
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Pons
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Anesthesiology and critical care, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, GRC 29, Paris, France
| | - Romain Guedj
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Inserm UMR1153, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Research Centre, Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Gajdos
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, Clamart, France.,Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Loganayagi Vasante
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Patient Quality Medical Organisation Departement - Health Crisis Management, Paris, France
| | - Naïm Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of general pediatrics, pediatric infectious disease and internal medicine, Robert Debré university hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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35
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Ouldali N, Varon E, Levy C, Angoulvant F, Georges S, Ploy MC, Kempf M, Cremniter J, Cohen R, Bruhl DL, Danis K. Invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in children and adults in France during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era: an interrupted time-series analysis of data from a 17-year national prospective surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 21:137-147. [PMID: 32702302 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) remain unknown because of serotype replacement. We aimed to estimate the effect of PCV implementation on invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in France. METHODS We did a quasi-experimental interrupted time-series analysis using data from a French national prospective surveillance system. We included all invasive pneumococcal disease cases in children and adults from more than 250 participating hospitals between Jan 1, 2001, and Dec 31, 2017. The primary outcome was incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (meningitis and non-meningitis) over time, analysed by segmented regression with autoregressive error. Isolates were serotyped by latex agglutination with antiserum samples. FINDINGS We included 75 903 patients with invasive pneumococcal disease, including 4302 (5·7%) children younger than 2 years and 37 534 (49·4%) adults aged 65 years or older. Before PCV7 implementation, the estimated monthly incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease was 0·78 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, which did not change significantly up to May, 2010. PCV13 implementation in 2010 was followed by a significant decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (-1·5% per month, 95% CI -2·2 to -0·8), reaching an estimated monthly incidence of 0·52 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in December, 2014. From January, 2015, the incidence rebounded (1·8% per month, 95% CI 1·0 to 2·6), reaching an estimated monthly incidence of 0·73 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in December, 2017. The estimated monthly incidence increased from 0·93 cases per 100 000 in December, 2014, to 1·73 cases per 100 000 in December, 2017, for children younger than 2 years, and from 1·54 cases per 100 000 in December, 2014, to 2·08 cases per 100 000 in December, 2017, for adults aged 65 years or older. The main non-PCV13 serotypes involved in the increase were 24F in young children and 12F, 22F, 9N, and 8 in adults aged 65 years or older. INTERPRETATION PCV13 implementation led to a major reduction in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease. However, a rebound in cases among children and adults since 2015, driven by several emerging non-PCV13 serotypes, jeopardises the long-term PCV benefits. These findings, if confirmed in the coming years, should be considered in the development of next-generation PCVs and might guide policy makers in the selection of future pneumococcal vaccines. FUNDING Foundation for Medical Research; Pfizer, BioMérieux, Sanofi for the Regional Observatory of Pneumococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Public health France, the French National Public Health agency, Saint Maurice, France; Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Department of General Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France; Unité d'épidémiologie clinique, Épidémiologie clinique, évaluation économique appliquées aux populations vulnérables, unité mixte de recherche 1123, Assistance publique des hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- National Reference Centre for Pneumococci, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Mondor Institute of Biomedical Research-Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'étude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Centre de recherche des cordeliers, unité mixte de recherche 1138, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Paediatric Emergency Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Scarlett Georges
- Public health France, the French National Public Health agency, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Ploy
- University Hospital Centre Limoges, Regional Observatories for Pneumococci, Limoges, France; Limoges University, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Le centre hospitalier et universitaire de Limoges, France
| | - Marie Kempf
- University Hospital Centre Limoges, Regional Observatories for Pneumococci, Limoges, France; Laboratory of Bacteriology-Hygiene, Health Biology Institute, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Nantes University, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Julie Cremniter
- University Hospital Centre Limoges, Regional Observatories for Pneumococci, Limoges, France; Department of Bacteriology, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Clinical Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Mondor Institute of Biomedical Research-Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'étude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France; Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Daniel Levy Bruhl
- Public health France, the French National Public Health agency, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Kostas Danis
- Public health France, the French National Public Health agency, Saint Maurice, France
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36
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Ouldali N, Cohen R. Reducing the burden of paediatric pneumonia in the most affected populations. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2020; 4:408-409. [PMID: 32450118 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil 94000, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Paris, France; Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil 94000, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France
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37
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Ouldali N, Levy C, Minodier P, Morin L, Biscardi S, Aurel M, Dubos F, Dommergues MA, Mezgueldi E, Levieux K, Madhi F, Hees L, Craiu I, Gras Le Guen C, Launay E, Zenkhri F, Lorrot M, Gillet Y, Béchet S, Hau I, Martinot A, Varon E, Angoulvant F, Cohen R. Long-term Association of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation With Rates of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:362-370. [PMID: 30715140 PMCID: PMC6450280 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In several countries, 5 years after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) implementation, serotype replacement has been reported for invasive pneumococcal disease, which raises concerns about the long-term outcome of PCV13 implementation. The long-term effect of vaccination on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term outcome of PCV13 implementation on CAP in children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This quasi-experimental, population-based, interrupted time-series analysis was based on a prospective multicenter study conducted from June 2009 to May 2017 in 8 French pediatric emergency departments. All patients 15 years and younger with chest radiography-confirmed CAP were included. EXPOSURES Community-acquired pneumonia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The number of CAP cases per 1000 pediatric emergency department visits over time, analyzed using a segmented regression model, adjusted for influenza-like illness syndromes. RESULTS We enrolled 12 587 children with CAP, including 673 cases of CAP with pleural effusion (5.3%), 4273 cases of CAP requiring hospitalization (33.9%), 2379 cases of CAP with high inflammatory biomarkers (18.9%), and 221 cases of proven pneumococcal CAP (1.8%). The implementation of PCV13 in 2010 was followed by a sharp decrease in the frequency of CAP (-0.8% per month [95% CI, -1.0% to -0.5% per month]), from 6.3 to 3.5 cases of CAP per 1000 pediatric emergency department visits until May 2014, then a slight increase since June 2014 (0.9% per month [95% CI, 0.4%-1.4% per month]), until 3.8 cases of CAP per 1000 pediatric emergency department visits in May 2017. There were marked immediate decreases in cases of CAP with pleural effusion (-48% [95% CI, -84% to -12%]), CAP requiring hospitalization (-30% [95% CI, -56% to -5%]), and CAP with high inflammatory biomarkers (-30% [95% CI, -54% to -6%]), without any rebound thereafter. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The changes associated with PCV13 use 7 years after implementation remain substantial, especially for CAP with pleural effusion, CAP requiring hospitalization, and CAP with high inflammatory biomarkers. Emerging non-PCV13 serotypes may be less likely involved in severe CAP than invasive pneumococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Unité d’Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123–Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France,Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France,Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Minodier
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Morin
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Biscardi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France,Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Hôpital Intercommunal, Créteil, France
| | - Marie Aurel
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Dubos
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie Alliette Dommergues
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Ellia Mezgueldi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology Unit, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University Lyon 1 Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Levieux
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Intercommunal, Créteil, France
| | - Laure Hees
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, L'Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Irina Craiu
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chrystèle Gras Le Guen
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elise Launay
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ferielle Zenkhri
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yves Gillet
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Department of Pediatric Emergency, L'Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Béchet
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France
| | - Isabelle Hau
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France,Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Intercommunal, Créteil, France
| | - Alain Martinot
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varon
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - François Angoulvant
- Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Unité d’Épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1123–Epidémiologie Clinique et Évaluation Économique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France,Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, St Maur-des-Fossés, France,Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris, France,Université Paris Est, L’Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale Groupement de Recherche Clinique Groupe d'Etude de Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles, Créteil, France,Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France,Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
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Tauzin M, Ouldali N, Lévy C, Béchet S, Cohen R, Caeymaex L. Combination therapy with ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporin versus third-generation cephalosporin monotherapy in Escherichia coli meningitis in infants: a multicentre propensity score-matched observational study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:1006-1012. [PMID: 30593862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Escherichiacoli is the second cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates. Despite the use for 35 years of third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs), high morbidity and mortality rates with E. coli meningitis continue to occur. Because ciprofloxacin has good microbiologic activity against E. coli and good penetration in cerebrospinal fluid and brain, some authors have suggested adding ciprofloxacin to a 3GC regimen. The objective of this study was to assess combining 3GCs with ciprofloxacin versus 3GCs alone in a cohort of infants with E. coli meningitis. METHODS We included all cases of E. coli meningitis diagnosed in infants <12 months of age that were prospectively collected through the French paediatric meningitis surveillance network between 2001 and 2016. The main outcome was the proportion of short-term neurologic complications with versus without ciprofloxacin. The analysis was conducted retrospectively by multivariable regression and propensity score (PS) analysis. RESULTS Among the 367 infants enrolled, 201 (54.8%) of 367 had ciprofloxacin and 3GC cotreatment and 166 (45.2%) of 367 only a 3GC. Median age and weight were 15 days (range, 1-318 days) and 3.42 kg (range, 0.66-9.4 kg). A total of 86 (23.4%) of 367 infants presented neurologic complications (seizures, strokes, empyema, abscesses, hydrocephalus, arachnoiditis); 57 received ciprofloxacin cotreatment. Complications were associated with ciprofloxacin cotreatment on multivariable analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-3.4) and PS analysis (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3). Mortality rate did not differ with and without ciprofloxacin: 22 (10.9%) of 201 versus 16 (9.6%) of 166 deaths (OR = 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3-1.6; PS analysis). CONCLUSIONS Ciprofloxacin added to 3GCs at least offers no advantage for neurologic outcome and mortality in infants with E. coli meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tauzin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Créteil, France
| | - N Ouldali
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint-Maur des Fossées, Paris, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Paris, France; Unité d'épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1145, Paris, France; Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - C Lévy
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint-Maur des Fossées, Paris, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Paris, France
| | - S Béchet
- ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint-Maur des Fossées, Paris, France
| | - R Cohen
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Créteil, France; Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France; ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint-Maur des Fossées, Paris, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP), Paris, France.
| | - L Caeymaex
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Créteil, France; Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
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Ouldali N, Hugot JP, Viala J, Damir M, Martinez-Vinson C, Meinzer U. Early Arthritis Is Associated With Failure of Immunosuppressive Drugs and Severe Pediatric Crohn's Disease Evolution. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:2423-2430. [PMID: 29788152 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease. To optimize therapeutic decision making, it is essential to identify parameters that allow early prediction of a severe disease course. The aim of this study was to assess the link between arthritis and medium-term therapeutic failure in pediatric CD. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study with prospectively collected electronic data. To be included, patients must be younger than 17 years and have a confirmed CD diagnosed between 2005 and 2014. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients with at least 1 therapeutic failure of immunosuppressive drugs during the 2 years after the CD diagnosis, with a propensity score analysis. RESULTS We included 272 patients with CD. The median age was 12.1 years (interquartile [10.1-14.2]). Sixty-five patients (23.9%) developed arthritis, which predominantly occurred during the first year after CD diagnosis. We found a highly significant association between arthritis and therapeutic failure of immunosuppressive drugs after 2 years (OR = 6.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-18.0; P < 0.0001; propensity score matching analysis). Arthritis was also significantly associated with introduction of biotherapy due to luminal disease 2 years after diagnosis (OR = 3.2, 95% CI, 1.8-6.0; P = 0.0001). Similar results were obtained after 4 years, and arthritis was significantly associated with a higher number of hospitalizations for luminal flare-up or complications after 4 years (OR = 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9; P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Arthritis was strongly associated with medium-term therapeutic failure of pediatric CD. Occurrence of arthritis early in the disease may justify closer follow-up visits or specific therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France.,Inserm, CIC-EC 1426, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Maladies Infectieuses et Médicine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rhumatologiques et Auto-immunes Rares de l'Enfant (RAISE), Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hugot
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Références des Maladies Digestives Rares (MARDI), Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, INSERM UMR1149, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Viala
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Références des Maladies Digestives Rares (MARDI), Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Damir
- Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France.,Inserm, CIC-EC 1426, Paris, France
| | - Christine Martinez-Vinson
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Références des Maladies Digestives Rares (MARDI), Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- Université Paris Diderot, INSERM UMR1149, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi Bactérienne, Paris, France.,Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Maladies Infectieuses et Médicine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rhumatologiques et Auto-immunes Rares de l'Enfant (RAISE), Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
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Ouldali N, Bellêttre X, Milcent K, Guedj R, de Pontual L, Cojocaru B, Soussan-Banini V, Craiu I, Skurnik D, Gajdos V, Chéron G, Cohen R, Alberti C, Angoulvant F. Impact of Implementing National Guidelines on Antibiotic Prescriptions for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Emergency Departments: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2018; 65:1469-1476. [PMID: 29048511 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many antibiotics are prescribed inappropriately in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs), but little data are available in these settings about effective interventions based on guidelines that follow the antimicrobial stewardship principle. Our aim was to assess the impact of implementing the 2011 national guidelines on antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in PEDs. Method We conducted a multicentric, quasiexperimental, interrupted time series analysis of prospectively collected electronic data from 7 French PEDs. We included all pediatric patients who visited a participating PED during the study period from November 2009 to October 2014 and were diagnosed with an ARTI. The intervention consisted of local protocol implementation, education sessions, and feedback. The main outcome was the antibiotic prescription rate of discharge prescriptions for ARTI per 1000 PED visits before and after implementation, analyzed using the segmented regression model. Results We included 242534 patients with an ARTI. The intervention was associated with a significant change in slope for the antibiotic prescription rate per 1000 PED visits (-0.4% per 15-day period, P = .04), and the cumulative effect at the end of the study was estimated to be -30.9%, (95% CI [-45.2 to -20.1]), representing 13136 avoided antibiotic prescriptions. The broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription relative percentage decreased dramatically (-62.7%, 95% CI [-92.8; -32.7]) and was replaced by amoxicillin. Conclusion Implementation of the 2011 national French guidelines led to a significant decrease in the antibiotic prescription rate for ARTI and a dramatic drop in broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions, in favor of amoxicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Department of Medicine, Paris Diderot University.,Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, ECEVE INSERM UMR1123
| | - Xavier Bellêttre
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris
| | - Karen Milcent
- Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Paris Sud University, Clamart.,CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, Villejuif
| | - Romain Guedj
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie Paris University
| | - Loïc de Pontual
- Pediatric Department, Jean Verdier University Hospital, Paris 13 University, Bondy
| | - Bogdan Cojocaru
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes
| | | | - Irina Craiu
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - David Skurnik
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vincent Gajdos
- Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Paris Sud University, Clamart.,CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, Villejuif
| | - Gérard Chéron
- Pediatric Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris Descartes University
| | - Robert Cohen
- Pediatric Department, Creteil intercommunal Hospital, Paris Est University, Creteil, France
| | - Corinne Alberti
- Department of Medicine, Paris Diderot University.,Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, ECEVE INSERM UMR1123
| | - François Angoulvant
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, ECEVE INSERM UMR1123.,Pediatric Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris Descartes University
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Ouldali N, Rybak A, Cohen R. [Allergy to penicillin in children: what reality and when to give up amoxicillin ?]. Rev Prat 2018; 68:355-358. [PMID: 30869377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naïm Ouldali
- Association clinique et thérapeutique infantile du Val-de-Marne, Saint-Maurdes- Fossés, France. Groupe de pathologie infectieuse pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Rybak
- Association clinique et thérapeutique infantile du Val-de-Marne, Saint-Maurdes- Fossés, France. Association française de pédiatrie ambulatoire, Saint-Germainen- Laye, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association clinique et thérapeutique infantile du Val-de-Marne, Saint-Maurdes- Fossés, France. Groupe de pathologie infectieuse pédiatrique, Paris, France. Association française de pédiatrie ambulatoire, Saint-Germainen- Laye, France. Service de pédiatrie générale et aval des urgences, hôpital Armand- Trousseau, Paris, France. Université Paris-Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France. Unité court séjour, petits nourrissons, service de néonatologie, centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, France.Centre de recherche clinique, Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, France
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