101
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Heat Shock Proteins and Inflammasomes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184508. [PMID: 31547225 PMCID: PMC6771073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSP) regulate inflammation in many physiological contexts. However, inflammation is a broad process, involving numerous cytokines produced by different molecular pathways with multiple functions. In this review, we focused on the particular role of HSP on the inflammasomes intracellular platforms activated by danger signals and that enable activation of inflammatory caspases, mainly caspase-1, leading to the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Interestingly, some members of the HSP family favor inflammasomes activation whereas others inhibit it, suggesting that HSP modulators for therapeutic purposes, must be carefully chosen.
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102
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Biebl MM, Buchner J. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Hsp90 Machinery. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a034017. [PMID: 30745292 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone involved in the maturation of a plethora of substrates ("clients"), including protein kinases, transcription factors, and E3 ubiquitin ligases, positioning Hsp90 as a central regulator of cellular proteostasis. Hsp90 undergoes large conformational changes during its ATPase cycle. The processing of clients by cytosolic Hsp90 is assisted by a cohort of cochaperones that affect client recruitment, Hsp90 ATPase function or conformational rearrangements in Hsp90. Because of the importance of Hsp90 in regulating central cellular pathways, strategies for the pharmacological inhibition of the Hsp90 machinery in diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration are being developed. In this review, we summarize recent structural and mechanistic progress in defining the function of organelle-specific and cytosolic Hsp90, including the impact of individual cochaperones on the maturation of specific clients and complexes with clients as well as ways of exploiting Hsp90 as a drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Biebl
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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103
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Kopp R, Krautloher A, Ramírez-Fernández A, Nicke A. P2X7 Interactions and Signaling - Making Head or Tail of It. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:183. [PMID: 31440138 PMCID: PMC6693442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenine nucleotides play important roles in cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis. High concentrations of extracellular ATP released by dying cells are sensed as a danger signal by the P2X7 receptor, a non-specific cation channel. Studies in P2X7 knockout mice and numerous disease models have demonstrated an important role of this receptor in inflammatory processes. P2X7 activation has been shown to induce a variety of cellular responses that are not usually associated with ion channel function, for example changes in the plasma membrane composition and morphology, ectodomain shedding, activation of lipases, kinases, and transcription factors, as well as cytokine release and apoptosis. In contrast to all other P2X family members, the P2X7 receptor contains a long intracellular C-terminus that constitutes 40% of the whole protein and is considered essential for most of these effects. So far, over 50 different proteins have been identified to physically interact with the P2X7 receptor. However, few of these interactions have been confirmed in independent studies and for the majority of these proteins, the interaction domains and the physiological consequences of the interactions are only poorly described. Also, while the structure of the P2X7 extracellular domain has recently been resolved, information about the organization and structure of its C-terminal tail remains elusive. After shortly describing the structure and assembly of the P2X7 receptor, this review gives an update of the identified or proposed interaction domains within the P2X7 C-terminus, describes signaling pathways in which this receptor has been involved, and provides an overlook of the identified interaction partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kopp
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Krautloher
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Ramírez-Fernández
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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104
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Kaur G, Subramanian S. Evolutionary relationship between the cysteine and histidine rich domains (CHORDs) and Btk-type zinc fingers. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:1981-1985. [PMID: 29390068 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary Cysteine and histidine rich domains (CHORDs), implicated in immunity and disease resistance signaling in plants, and in development and signal transduction in muscles and tumorigenesis in animals, are seen to have a cylindrical three-dimensional structure stabilized by the tetrahedral chelation of two zinc ions. CHORDs are regarded as novel zinc-binding domains and classified independently in Pfam and ECOD. Our sequence and structure analysis reveals that both the zinc-binding sites in CHORD possess a zinc ribbon fold and are likely related to each other by duplication and circular permutation. Interestingly, we also detect an evolutionary relationship between each of the CHORD zinc fingers (ZFs) and the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk)-type ZF of the zinc ribbon fold group. Btk_ZF is found in eukaryotic Tec kinase family proteins that are also implicated in signaling pathways in several lineages of hematopoietic cells involved in mammalian immunity. Our analysis suggests that the unique zinc-stabilized fold seen only in the CHORD and Btk_ZFs likely emerged specifically in eukaryotes to mediate diverse signaling pathways. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmeet Kaur
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, India
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105
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The NLRP3 Inflammasome: An Overview of Mechanisms of Activation and Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133328. [PMID: 31284572 PMCID: PMC6651423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1963] [Impact Index Per Article: 392.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical component of the innate immune system that mediates caspase-1 activation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β/IL-18 in response to microbial infection and cellular damage. However, the aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been linked with several inflammatory disorders, which include cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by diverse stimuli, and multiple molecular and cellular events, including ionic flux, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the production of reactive oxygen species, and lysosomal damage have been shown to trigger its activation. How NLRP3 responds to those signaling events and initiates the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome is not fully understood. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by multiple signaling events, and its regulation by post-translational modifications and interacting partners of NLRP3.
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106
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Szekanecz Z, Szamosi S, Kovács GE, Kocsis E, Benkő S. The NLRP3 inflammasome - interleukin 1 pathway as a therapeutic target in gout. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 670:82-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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107
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Mukherjee T, Hovingh ES, Foerster EG, Abdel-Nour M, Philpott DJ, Girardin SE. NOD1 and NOD2 in inflammation, immunity and disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 670:69-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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108
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Xu S, Li X, Liu Y, Xia Y, Chang R, Zhang C. Inflammasome inhibitors: promising therapeutic approaches against cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:64. [PMID: 31242947 PMCID: PMC6595574 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has long been accepted as a key component of carcinogenesis. During inflammation, inflammasomes are potent contributors to the activation of inflammatory cytokines that lead to an inflammatory cascade. Considering the contributing role of inflammasomes in cancer progression, inflammasome inhibitors seem to have a promising future in cancer treatment and prevention. Here, we summarize the structures and signaling pathways of inflammasomes and detail some inflammasome inhibitors used to treat various forms of cancer, which we expect to be used in novel anticancer approaches. However, the practical application of inflammasome inhibitors is limited in regard to specific types of cancer, and the associated clinical trials have not yet been completed. Therefore, additional studies are required to explore more innovative and effective medicines for future clinical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruimin Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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109
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Antagonizes NOD2-Mediated Antiviral Effects by Inhibiting NOD2 Protein Expression. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00124-19. [PMID: 30894473 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00124-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-infected cells remains unknown. Here, we showed that FMDV infection activated NOD2-mediated beta interferon (IFN-β) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-ĸB) signaling pathways. NOD2 inhibited FMDV replication in the infected cells. FMDV infection triggered NOD2 transcription, while it reduced the abundance of NOD2 protein. Our results revealed that FMDV 2B, 2C, and 3C proteinase (3Cpro) were responsible for the decrease in NOD2 protein levels. 3Cpro is a viral proteinase that can cleave multiple host proteins and limit protein synthesis. Our previous studies determined that FMDV 2B suppressed protein expression of RIG-I and LGP2. Here, we found that 3Cpro and 2B also decreased NOD2 expression. However, this is the first report that 2C induced the reduction of NOD2 protein levels. We determined that both 2B- and 2C-induced decreases in NOD2 were independent of the cleavage of host eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma (eIF4G), induction of cellular apoptosis, or proteasome, lysosome, and caspase pathways. The interactions between NOD2 and 2B or 2C were observed in the context of viral infection. The carboxyl-terminal amino acids 105 to 114 and 135 to 144 of 2B were essential for the reduction of NOD2, while the residues 105 to 114 were required for the interaction. Amino acids 116 to 260 of the carboxyl terminus of 2C were essential for the interaction, while truncated 2C mutants did not reduce NOD2. These data suggested novel antagonistic mechanisms of FMDV that were mediated by 2B, 2C, and 3Cpro proteins.IMPORTANCE NOD2 was identified as a cytoplasmic viral pattern recognition receptor in 2009. Subsequently, many viruses were reported to activate NOD2-mediated signaling pathways. This study demonstrated that FMDV infection activated NOD2-mediated IFN-β and NF-ĸB signaling pathways. Host cells have developed multiple strategies against viral infection; however, viruses have evolved many strategies to escape host defenses. FMDV has evolved multiple mechanisms to inhibit host type I IFN production. Here, we showed that NOD2 suppressed FMDV replication during viral infection. FMDV 2B, 2C, and 3Cpro decreased NOD2 protein expression by different mechanisms to promote viral replication. This study provided new insight into the immune evasion mechanisms mediated by FMDV and identified 2B, 2C, and 3Cpro as antagonistic factors for FMDV to evade host antiviral responses.
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110
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Niu J, Wu S, Chen M, Xu K, Guo Q, Lu A, Zhao L, Sun B, Meng G. Hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome protects mice against influenza A virus infection via IL-1β mediated neutrophil recruitment. Cytokine 2019; 120:115-124. [PMID: 31055218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Host innate immune system is critical for combating invading microbes including Influenza A virus (IAV). As an important arm of the innate immunity, the NLRP3 inflammasome has been found essential for protecting host against IAV challenge, while the mechanism remained elusive. Here we found that mice carrying a gain-of-function mutation in the Nlrp3 gene (Nlrp3R258W) are strongly resistant to IAV infection. Upon H1N1 IAV infection, the Nlrp3R258W mice exhibited decreased weight loss, increased survival rate and attenuated lung damage compared with WT littermate controls. Mechanistically, the resistance of Nlrp3R258W mice to IAV infection was dependent on IL-1β-mediated neutrophil recruitment. Upon IAV infection, mice carrying the Nlrp3R258W mutation produced more IL-1β than WT mice in the lung, which enhanced neutrophil recruitment locally. The recruited neutrophils facilitated IAV clearance, so that the viral load in Nlrp3R258W mice was lower than that in control mice. Conversely, neutrophil depletion in Nlrp3R258W mice compromised IAV clearance. Taken together, our results demonstrate a previously undescribed mechanism by which hyperactivation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome protects mice from IAV infection through IL-1β mediated neutrophil recruitment, thus suggest that positively fine tuning the physiological function of NLRP3 inflammasome can be beneficial for a mammalian host against IAV challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuxian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Mingkuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ke Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qiuhong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ailing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bing Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Guangxun Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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111
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Martine P, Chevriaux A, Derangère V, Apetoh L, Garrido C, Ghiringhelli F, Rébé C. HSP70 is a negative regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:256. [PMID: 30874540 PMCID: PMC6420651 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The NOD-leucine rich repeat and pyrin containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multi-protein complex, aimed at producing IL-1β in response to danger signals which must be tightly regulated. Here we investigated the importance of the stress sensor, Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. HSP70 deficiency leads to the worsening of NLRP3-dependent peritonitis in mice. HSP70 deficiency also enhances caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production in murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages (BMDMs) under NLRP3 activator treatment in vitro. This observation is associated with an increased number and size of Apoptosis associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD domain (ASC)/NLRP3 specks. Conversely, the overexpression of HSP70 in BMDMs decreases caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production under NLRP3 activator treatment. HSP70 interacts with NLRP3 and this interaction is lost upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Heat shock inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro and inhibits peritonitis in mice. Therefore this study provides evidence on the inhibitory role of HSP70 on NLRP3 inflammasome and open the possibility of treating inflammatory diseases via HSP70 induction and/or by hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Martine
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Angélique Chevriaux
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Derangère
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Cédric Rébé
- INSERM UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France. .,Centre Georges François Leclerc, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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112
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Sandall CF, MacDonald JA. Effects of phosphorylation on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 670:43-57. [PMID: 30844378 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The pyrin domain containing Nod-like receptors (NLRPs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors known to regulate an array of immune signaling pathways. Emergent studies demonstrate the potential for regulatory control of inflammasome assembly by phosphorylation, notably NLRP3. Over a dozen phosphorylation sites have been identified for NLRP3 with many more suggested by phosphoproteomic studies of the NLRP family. Well characterized NLRP3 phosphorylation events include Ser198 by c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK), Ser295 by protein kinase D (PKD) and/or protein kinase A (PKA), and Tyr861 by an unknown kinase but is dephosphorylated by protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22). Since the PKA- and PKD-dependent phosphorylation of NLRP3 at Ser295 is best characterized, we provide detailed review of this aspect of NLRP3 regulation. Phosphorylation of Ser295 can attenuate ATPase activity as compared to its dephosphorylated counterpart, and this event is likely unique to NLRP3. In silico modeling of NLRP3 is useful in predicting how Ser295 phosphorylation might impact upon the structural topology of the ATP-binding domain to influence catalytic activity. It is important to gain as complete understanding as possible of the complex phosphorylation-mediated mechanisms of regulation for NLRP3 in part because of its involvement in many pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina F Sandall
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Justin A MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
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113
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Li Z, Wang X, Chen C, Gao J, Lv A. Transcriptome profiles in the spleen of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) challenged with Aeromonas veronii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:858-867. [PMID: 30572129 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, an important cultured freshwater species in many countries, possess the characteristic of high disease resistance. However, little genomic information for this character of the fish is available up to now. To address the shortfall and to better understand C. gariepinus immune response to pathogen infection at molecular level, C. gariepinus were challenged with potent A. veronii and the high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology were employed to produce transcriptomes from spleen. In total, an average of 46,073,372 clean reads obtained were de novo assembled into 156,955 unigenes with an average length of 1082 bp. All of unigenes were annotated to seven public databases. Three comparisons were separately conducted between the infected groups at 3 h, 24 h, 48 h post-challenge and control group. A total of 2482 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were identified. Among these, 114 immune-related DEGs were captured, including 88, 42, and 31 genes at 3 h, 24 h and 48 h after infection respectively, for analysis of expression pattern and enrichment. The 114 DEGs displayed four expression patterns by cluster analysis and they were significantly enriched in 38 pathways (q < 0.01) related to the immune or disease, five of which were NF-kappa B, TNF, NLR, TLR and RLR pathways. Finally, the expression levels of twelve selected immune-related DEGs involved in above five pathways were scrutinized. Seven of which were up-regulated at 3 h after infection, afterward, their expression dropped to control level. In summary, this study provides valuable transcriptome resource for understanding the defense mechanisms of C. gariepinus in resistance to pathogens from the gene expression viewpoint, which also open up the possibility to study the immune complexity and to better comprehend the interrelationships between some immune pathways in C. gariepinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanzhuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Chengxun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jinwei Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Aijun Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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114
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Frank D, Vince JE. Pyroptosis versus necroptosis: similarities, differences, and crosstalk. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:99-114. [PMID: 30341423 PMCID: PMC6294779 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis and necroptosis represent two pathways of genetically encoded necrotic cell death. Although these cell death programmes can protect the host against microbial pathogens, their dysregulation has been implicated in a variety of autoimmune and auto-inflammatory conditions. The disease-promoting potential of necroptosis and pyroptosis is likely a consequence of their ability to induce a lytic cell death. This cell suicide mechanism, distinct from apoptosis, allows the release of immunogenic cellular content, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), to trigger inflammation. In this Review, we discuss recent discoveries that have advanced our understanding on the primary functions of pyroptosis and necroptosis, including evidence for the specific cytokines and DAMPs responsible for driving inflammation. We compare the similar and unique aspects of pyroptotic- and necroptotic-induced membrane damage, and explore how these may functionally impact distinct intracellular organelles and signalling pathways. We also examine studies highlighting the crosstalk that can occur between necroptosis and pyroptosis signalling, and evidence supporting the physiological significance of this convergence. Ultimately, a better understanding of the similarities, unique aspects and crosstalk of pyroptosis and necroptosis will inform as to how these cell death pathways might be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Frank
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | - James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.
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115
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Bennet SMP, Sundin J, Magnusson MK, Strid H, Tap J, Derrien M, Le Nevé B, Doré J, Törnblom H, Simrén M, Öhman L. Altered intestinal antibacterial gene expression response profile in irritable bowel syndrome is linked to bacterial composition and immune activation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13468. [PMID: 30230134 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune activity and gut microbiota may impact the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We aimed to determine whether antibacterial gene expression of immune activity-defined IBS patients differed compared to healthy subjects (HS) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and whether antibacterial profiles reflected gut microbiota composition and IBS symptoms. METHODS Expression of 84 antibacterial genes in biopsies from HS, IBS patients (clustered according to immune activity (systemic and intestinal cytokines): immunonormal or immunoactive), and UC patients was assessed by Human Antibacterial Response RT2 Profiler PCR Array. In IBS patients, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal and mucosal bacteria was performed and symptom pattern and severity were assessed. KEY RESULTS Intestinal antibacterial gene expression profiles differed between IBS patients (n = 31) and HS (n = 16), but did not differ between IBS subgroups based on bowel habit predominance or symptom severity. Based on previously identified IBS clusters, IBS patients with normal (n = 15) and enhanced immune activity (n = 16) had clearly separate antibacterial gene expression profiles from active UC patients (n = 12) and differed compared to each other and to HS. The differences in antibacterial gene expression profiles between immunonormal and immunoactive IBS patients were also reflected in distinct fecal and mucosal microbiota composition profiles, but not in symptom pattern or severity. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES This study demonstrates an altered antibacterial gene expression profile in IBS patients compared to HS and UC patients. While not linked to symptoms, immune activity-defined IBS clusters showed different intestinal antibacterial gene expression and distinct fecal and mucosal bacterial profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M P Bennet
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Sundin
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria K Magnusson
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Strid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Södra Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden
| | - Julien Tap
- Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau, France
| | | | | | - Joël Doré
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) MetaGenoPolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Hans Törnblom
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Person-Centred Care, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Simrén
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Person-Centred Care, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lena Öhman
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Feng S, Huang Q, Ye C, Wu R, Lei G, Jiang J, Chen T, Peng Y, Fang R. Syk and JNK signaling pathways are involved in inflammasome activation in macrophages infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:217-222. [PMID: 30446225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogen of significant clinical importance worldwide that can cause severe invasive diseases, such as pneumonia, otitis media and meningitis. Inflammsomes has been reported to participate in host defense against S. pneumoniae infection. S. pneumoniae could induce the assembly of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome, which mediates the activation of caspase-1 and the subsequent maturation of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). However, the precise signals that activate inflammasomes during pneumococcal infection remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, primary mouse macrophages were selected as a cell model, and the effects of kinases on inflammasome activity induced by S. pneumoniae infection were examined by ELISA and western blotting after pretreatment with a kinase inhibitor. Here, we show that Syk and JNK signaling are required for S. pneumoniae-induced activation of the inflammasome. Inhibitors of Syk and JNK almost abolished the oligomerization of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-activating and recruitment domain (ASC) and subsequent caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. Moreover, pneumolysin (PLY) participated in this process and was critical for Syk/JNK activation. These results suggested that the Syk/JNK signaling pathway may play a vital role in the inflammasome activation and modulate host immune responses against S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guihua Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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117
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Costa-Martins AG, Lima L, Alves JMP, Serrano MG, Buck GA, Camargo EP, Teixeira MMG. Genome-wide identification of evolutionarily conserved Small Heat-Shock and eight other proteins bearing α-crystallin domain-like in kinetoplastid protists. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206012. [PMID: 30346990 PMCID: PMC6197667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small Heat-Shock Proteins (sHSPs) and other proteins bearing alpha-crystallin domains (ACD) participate in defense against heat and oxidative stress and play important roles in cell cycle, cytoskeleton dynamics, and immunological and pathological mechanisms in eukaryotes. However, little is known about these proteins in early-diverging lineages of protists such as the kinetoplastids. Here, ACD-like proteins (ACDp) were investigated in genomes of 61 species of 12 kinetoplastid genera, including Trypanosoma spp. (23 species of mammals, reptiles and frogs), Leishmania spp. (mammals and lizards), trypanosomatids of insects, Phytomonas spp. of plants, and bodonids. Comparison of ACDps based on domain architecture, predicted tertiary structure, phylogeny and genome organization reveals a kinetoplastid evolutionarily conserved repertoire, which diversified prior to trypanosomatid adaptation to parasitic life. We identified 9 ACDp orthologs classified in 8 families of TryACD: four previously recognized (HSP20, Tryp23A, Tryp23B and ATOM69), and four characterized for the first time in kinetoplastids (TryACDP, TrySGT1, TryDYX1C1 and TryNudC). A single copy of each ortholog was identified in each genome alongside TryNudC1/TrypNudC2 homologs and, overall, ACDPs were under strong selection pressures at main phylogenetic lineages. Transcripts of all ACDPs were identified across the life stages of T. cruzi, T. brucei and Leishmania spp., but proteomic profiles suggested that most ACDPs may be species- and stage-regulated. Our findings establish the basis for functional studies, and provided evolutionary and structural support for an underestimated repertoire of ACDps in the kinetoplastids.
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Affiliation(s)
- André G Costa-Martins
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Lima
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,INCT-EpiAmO-Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia na Amazônia Ocidental, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo P Alves
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Myrna G Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Gregory A Buck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Erney P Camargo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,INCT-EpiAmO-Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia na Amazônia Ocidental, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Marta M G Teixeira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,INCT-EpiAmO-Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia na Amazônia Ocidental, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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118
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Herman FJ, Pasinetti GM. Principles of inflammasome priming and inhibition: Implications for psychiatric disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 73:66-84. [PMID: 29902514 PMCID: PMC6526722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of inflammatory proteins by the innate immune system is a tightly orchestrated procedure that allows the body to efficiently respond to exogenous and endogenous threats. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that disturbances in the inflammatory response system not only provoke autoimmune disorders, but also can have deleterious effects on neuronal function and mental health. As inflammation in the brain is primarily mediated by microglia, there has been an expanding focus on the mechanisms through which these cells initiate and propagate neuroinflammation. Microglia can enter persistently active states upon their initial recognition of an environmental stressor and are thereafter prone to elicit amplified and persistent inflammatory responses following subsequent exposures to stressors. A recent focus on why primed microglia cells are susceptible to environmental insults has been the NLRP3 inflammasome. Its function within the innate immune system is regulated in such a manner that supports a role for the complex in gating neuroinflammatory responses. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia results in the cleavage of zymogen inflammatory interleukins into functional forms that elicit a number of consequential effects in the local neuronal environment. There is evidence to support the principle that within primed neuroimmune systems a lowered threshold for NLRP3 activation can cause persistent neuroinflammation or the amplified production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18. Over the course of an individual's lifetime, persistent neuroinflammation can subsequently lead to the pathophysiological signatures that define psychological disorders. Therefore, targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome complex may represent an innovative and consequential approach to limit neuroinflammatory states in psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J. Herman
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
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119
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Regulation of Antimicrobial Pathways by Endogenous Heat Shock Proteins in Gastrointestinal Disorders. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord1010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential mediators of cellular homeostasis by maintaining protein functionality and stability, and activating appropriate immune cells. HSP activity is influenced by a variety of factors including diet, microbial stimuli, environment and host immunity. The overexpression and down-regulation of HSPs is associated with various disease phenotypes, including the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD). While the precise etiology of CD remains unclear, many of the putative triggers also influence HSP activity. The development of different CD phenotypes therefore may be a result of the disease-modifying behavior of the environmentally-regulated HSPs. Understanding the role of bacterial and endogenous HSPs in host homeostasis and disease will help elucidate the complex interplay of factors. Furthermore, discerning the function of HSPs in CD may lead to therapeutic developments that better reflect and respond to the gut environment.
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120
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Abstract
Inflammation is triggered by a repertoire of receptors detecting infections and damages. Some of these receptors directly bind microbial ligands, while others recognize endogenous molecules exposed under stress conditions, including infections. Most of these receptors can be engaged by a relatively limited number of stimuli. Differently, NLRP3 acts as a broad sensor of cell homeostasis rupture and can be activated downstream of a plethora of stimuli. NLRP3 then assembles a multiprotein platform resulting in caspase-1 activation, which controls, by direct cleavage, the maturation of cytosolic pro-cytokines including pro-interleukin-1β. In addition, caspase-1 processes cytosolic gasdermin-D and unleashes its pore-forming N-terminal domain, leading to the release of mature cytosolic cytokines and alarmins, as well as pyroptotic cell lysis. Accumulating evidences of the aggravating role of NLRP3-mediated inflammation in various highly prevalent human conditions, including diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, raises a huge clinical interest. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism governing NLRP3 activation remains insufficiently understood. In line with the detrimental consequences of NLRP3 activation illustrated by the aforementioned pathologies, this process is tightly regulated. In this review, we address the current understanding of the control of NLRP3 activity which can be divided into two coordinated processes referred to as priming and activation. In particular, we detail the emerging role of NLRP3 post-translational modifications critical in inflammasome assembly regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Groslambert
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France, .,INSERM, U1111, Lyon, France, .,Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France, .,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, .,CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France,
| | - Bénédicte F Py
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France, .,INSERM, U1111, Lyon, France, .,Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France, .,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, .,CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France,
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121
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Yi YS. Regulatory Roles of Flavonoids on Inflammasome Activation during Inflammatory Responses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800147. [PMID: 29774640 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an innate immune response to noxious stimuli to protect the body from pathogens. Inflammatory responses consist of two main steps: priming and triggering. In priming, inflammatory cells increase expressions of inflammatory molecules, while in triggering, inflammasomes are activated, resulting in cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Inflammasomes are protein complexes comprising intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and caspases-4/5/11) and pro-caspase-1 with or without a bipartite adaptor molecule ASC. Inflammasome activation induces pyroptosis, inflammatory cell death, and stimulates caspase-1-mediated secretion of interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-18. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites found in various plants and are considered as critical ingredients promoting health and ameliorating various disease symptoms. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and underlying mechanisms have been widely studied. This review introduces current knowledge on different types of inflammasomes and their activation during inflammatory responses and discusses recent studies regarding anti-inflammatory roles of flavonoids as suppressors of inflammasomes in inflammatory conditions. Understanding the regulatory effects of flavonoids on inflammasome activation will increase our knowledge of flavonoid-mediated anti-inflammatory activity and provide new insights into the development of flavonoid preparations to prevent and treat human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, Korea
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122
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Deep Transcriptomic Analysis of Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) Provides New Insights on Responses to Acute Temperature Stress. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9113. [PMID: 29904092 PMCID: PMC6002380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we conducted an RNA-Seq analysis to characterize the genes and pathways involved in acute thermal and cold stress responses in the liver of black rockfish, a viviparous teleost that has the ability to cope with a wide range of temperature changes. A total of 584 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in all three comparisons (HT vs NT, HT vs LT and LT vs NT). Based on an enrichment analysis, DEGs with a potential role in stress accommodation were classified into several categories, including protein folding, metabolism, immune response, signal transduction, molecule transport, membrane, and cell proliferation/apoptosis. Considering that thermal stress has a greater effect than cold stress in black rockfish, 24 shared DEGs in the intersection of the HT vs LT and HT vs NT groups were enriched in 2 oxidation-related gene ontology (GO) terms. Nine important heat-stress-reducing pathways were significantly identified and classified into 3 classes: immune and infectious diseases, organismal immune system and endocrine system. Eight DEGs (early growth response protein 1, bile salt export pump, abcb11, hsp70a, rtp3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) 24-hydroxylase, apoa4, transcription factor jun-b-like and an uncharacterized gene) were observed among all three comparisons, strongly implying their potentially important roles in temperature stress responses.
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123
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Borrelli GM, Mazzucotelli E, Marone D, Crosatti C, Michelotti V, Valè G, Mastrangelo AM. Regulation and Evolution of NLR Genes: A Close Interconnection for Plant Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1662. [PMID: 29867062 PMCID: PMC6032283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NLR (NOD-like receptor) genes belong to one of the largest gene families in plants. Their role in plants' resistance to pathogens has been clearly described for many members of this gene family, and dysregulation or overexpression of some of these genes has been shown to induce an autoimmunity state that strongly affects plant growth and yield. For this reason, these genes have to be tightly regulated in their expression and activity, and several regulatory mechanisms are described here that tune their gene expression and protein levels. This gene family is subjected to rapid evolution, and to maintain diversity at NLRs, a plethora of genetic mechanisms have been identified as sources of variation. Interestingly, regulation of gene expression and evolution of this gene family are two strictly interconnected aspects. Indeed, some examples have been reported in which mechanisms of gene expression regulation have roles in promotion of the evolution of this gene family. Moreover, co-evolution of the NLR gene family and other gene families devoted to their control has been recently demonstrated, as in the case of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia M Borrelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 673, km 25.2, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Mazzucotelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy.
| | - Daniela Marone
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 673, km 25.2, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Crosatti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy.
| | - Vania Michelotti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy.
| | - Giampiero Valè
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 11 to Torino, km 2.5, 13100 Vercelli, Italy.
| | - Anna M Mastrangelo
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via Stezzano 24, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
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Piippo N, Korhonen E, Hytti M, Skottman H, Kinnunen K, Josifovska N, Petrovski G, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Hsp90 inhibition as a means to inhibit activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6720. [PMID: 29712950 PMCID: PMC5928092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Once activated, the intracellular receptor NLRP3 assembles an inflammasome protein complex that facilitates the caspase-1-mediated maturation of IL-1β and IL-18. Inactive NLRP3 is guarded by a protein complex containing Hsp90. In response to stress stimuli, Hsp90 is released, and NLRP3 can be activated to promote inflammation. In this study, we blocked Hsp90 with geldanamycin and studied the fate of NLRP3 in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cells play a central role in the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a progressive eye disease causing severe vision loss in the elderly. IL-1α-primed ARPE-19 cells, human embryonal stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE cells, and primary human RPE cells were exposed to MG-132 and bafilomycin A to activate NLRP3 via the inhibition of proteasomes and autophagy, respectively. Additionally, RPE cells were treated with geldanamycin at different time points and the levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β were determined. Caspase-1 activity was measured using a commercial assay. Geldanamycin prevented the activation of the inflammasome in human RPE cells. NLRP3 released from its protective complex became degraded by autophagy or secreted from the cells. Controlled destruction of NLRP3 is a potential way to regulate the inflammation associated with chronic diseases, such as AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Piippo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Eveliina Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Maria Hytti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Kati Kinnunen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Natasha Josifovska
- Stem Cells and Eye Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Stem Cells and Eye Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
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125
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that induces local and systemic inflammation aimed to eliminate microorganisms and tissue damage. However, an increasing number of clinical conditions have been identified in which IL-1 production is considered inappropriate and IL-1 is part of the disease etiology. In autoinflammatory diseases, gout, Schnitzler's syndrome, and adult-onset Still's disease, high levels of inappropriate IL-1 production have been shown to be a key process in the etiology of the disease. In these conditions, blocking IL-1 has proven very effective in clinical studies. In other diseases, IL-1 has shown to be present in disease process but is not the central driving force of inflammation. In these conditions, including type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and several neoplastic diseases, the benefits of IL-1 blockade are minimal or absent.
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126
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ASK Family Kinases Are Required for Optimal NLRP3 Inflammasome Priming. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1021-1030. [PMID: 29353059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the multimeric inflammasome complex leads to inflammatory responses to biotic and abiotic triggers. The inflammasome sensor, Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), is activated by a range of stimuli and is tightly regulated to restrict excessive inflammation. Because NLRP3 responds broadly to cellular insults and regulates cell death similar to the stress-activated apoptosis signal-regulating kinases 1 and 2 (ASK1/2), we hypothesized that ASK1/2 may regulate NLRP3 activity. Although essential for mediating NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ASK1/2 were not required for NLRC4 or absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome activation. ASK1/2 was required for NLRP3 up-regulation after lipopolysaccharide treatment in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages and lung fibroblasts as well as during infection with Burkholderia thailandensis and influenza virus. Consistent with reduced NLRP3 expression in response to B. thailandensis, caspase-1 cleavage and cell death were reduced in infected bone marrow-derived macrophages, and mice lacking ASK1/2 were resistant to Burkholderia intranasal infection. Single knockouts of either ASK1 or ASK2 showed a partial role for both ASK1 and ASK2 in NLRP3 up-regulation in response to lipopolysaccharide or B. thailandensis, but ASK2 was required primarily to mediate lethal pathology during intranasal infection in vivo. Our findings identify the ASK1/2 complex as a regulator of NLRP3 activation and highlight a larger role for ASK2 in lung infection during B. thailandensis infection.
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127
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Abstract
The innate immunity constitutes an efficient barrier by rapidly detecting pathogens and tissue damages through pattern recognition receptors including NLRP3. Moreover, inappropriate NLRP3 activation causes deleterious inflammation and contributes to various conditions including atherosclerosis, diabetes, gout and Alzheimer's diseases. NLRP3 assembles a multimeric inflammasome complex serving as an activation platform for caspase-1 that controls processing and release of cytosolic inflammatory factors and cytokines including IL-1β Inflammasome assembly is tightly controlled and requires coordinated NLRP3 priming, through cytokine or other pattern recognition receptors, followed by activation by cellular stress. Here, we describe recent advances in the understanding of the signalling pathways supporting the priming and activation of NLRP3, with a special focus on the key role of post-translational modifications of NLRP3, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, in inflammasome regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Groslambert
- CIRI, Centre international de recherche en infectiologie, université de Lyon, 21, avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France - Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France - École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France - Université Lyon 1, Centre international de recherche en infectiologie, 69000 Lyon, France - CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte F Py
- CIRI, Centre international de recherche en infectiologie, université de Lyon, 21, avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France - Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France - École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France - Université Lyon 1, Centre international de recherche en infectiologie, 69000 Lyon, France - CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
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128
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Thi Do T, Phoomak C, Champattanachai V, Silsirivanit A, Chaiyarit P. New evidence of connections between increased O-GlcNAcylation and inflammasome in the oral mucosa of patients with oral lichen planus. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:129-137. [PMID: 29247492 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated disease of the oral mucosa. Immunopathogenesis of OLP is thought to be associated with cell-mediated immune dysregulation. O-GlcNAcylation is a form of reversible glycosylation. It has been demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation promoted nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. Activation of NF-кB can induce expression of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which is a large intracellular multi-protein complex involving an immune response. Dysregulated expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome was reported to be associated with autoinflammatory diseases. No integrative studies between O-GlcNAcylation and NLRP3 inflammasome in OLP patients have been reported. The present study aimed to determine the immunohistochemical expression of O-GlcNAcylation, NF-κB signalling molecules and NLRP3 inflammasome in oral mucosae of OLP patients. Oral tissue samples were collected from 30 OLP patients and 30 healthy individuals. Immunohistochemical staining and analyses of immunostaining scores were performed to evaluate expression of O-GlcNAcylation, NF-κB signalling molecules and NLRP3 inflammasome. According to observations in this study, significantly higher levels of O-GlcNAcylation, NF-κB signalling molecules and NLRP3 inflammasome were demonstrated in OLP patients compared with control subjects (P < 0·001). Positive correlations among O-GlcNAcylation, NF-κB signalling molecules and NLRP3 inflammasome were also observed in OLP samples (P < 0·01). In conclusion, the present study provides supportive evidence that increased O-GlcNAcylation is associated with increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome via the NF-κB signalling pathway. These findings provide a new perspective on immunopathogenesis of OLP in relation to autoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thi Do
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - C Phoomak
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - V Champattanachai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - A Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - P Chaiyarit
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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129
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Jasinska AJ, Zelaya I, Service SK, Peterson CB, Cantor RM, Choi OW, DeYoung J, Eskin E, Fairbanks LA, Fears S, Furterer AE, Huang YS, Ramensky V, Schmitt CA, Svardal H, Jorgensen MJ, Kaplan JR, Villar D, Aken BL, Flicek P, Nag R, Wong ES, Blangero J, Dyer TD, Bogomolov M, Benjamini Y, Weinstock GM, Dewar K, Sabatti C, Wilson RK, Jentsch JD, Warren W, Coppola G, Woods RP, Freimer NB. Genetic variation and gene expression across multiple tissues and developmental stages in a nonhuman primate. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1714-1721. [PMID: 29083405 PMCID: PMC5714271 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
By analyzing multitissue gene expression and genome-wide genetic variation data in samples from a vervet monkey pedigree, we generated a transcriptome resource and produced the first catalog of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in a nonhuman primate model. This catalog contains more genome-wide significant eQTLs per sample than comparable human resources and identifies sex- and age-related expression patterns. Findings include a master regulatory locus that likely has a role in immune function and a locus regulating hippocampal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), whose expression correlates with hippocampal volume. This resource will facilitate genetic investigation of quantitative traits, including brain and behavioral phenotypes relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ivette Zelaya
- Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Susan K. Service
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christine B. Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Rita M. Cantor
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,USA
| | - Oi-Wa Choi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph DeYoung
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynn A. Fairbanks
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott Fears
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Allison E. Furterer
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Yu S. Huang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vasily Ramensky
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A. Schmitt
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jay R. Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Diego Villar
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bronwen L. Aken
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rishi Nag
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily S. Wong
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, UTHSCSA/UTRGV, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Thomas D. Dyer
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, UTHSCSA/UTRGV, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Marina Bogomolov
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yoav Benjamini
- Department of Statistics and Operation Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Ken Dewar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Richard K. Wilson
- The McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J. David Jentsch
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wesley Warren
- The McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Roger P. Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Nelson B. Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,USA
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130
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Ranson N, Kunde D, Eri R. Regulation and Sensing of Inflammasomes and Their Impact on Intestinal Health. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112379. [PMID: 29120406 PMCID: PMC5713348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-containing protein receptors (NLRs) and the pyrin and hematopoitic interferon-inducible nuclear protein (HIN) domain (PYHIN) receptors initiate the inflammatory response following cell stress or pathogenic challenge. When activated, some of these receptors oligomerize to form the structural backbone of a signalling platform known as an inflammasome. Inflammasomes promote the activation of caspase-1 and the maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The gut dysregulation of the inflammasome complex is thought to be a contributing factor in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The importance of inflammasomes to intestinal health has been emphasized by various inflammasome-deficient mice in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) models of intestinal inflammation and by the identification of novel potential candidate genes in population-based human studies. In this review, we summarise the most recent findings with regard to the formation, sensing, and regulation of the inflammasome complex and highlight their importance in maintaining intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ranson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
| | - Dale Kunde
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
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131
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Attenuation of mechanical pain hypersensitivity by treatment with Peptide5, a connexin-43 mimetic peptide, involves inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in nerve-injured mice. Exp Neurol 2017; 300:1-12. [PMID: 29055716 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels in spinal cord astrocytes are implicated in the maintenance of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. Peptide5 is a Cx43 mimetic peptide that blocks hemichannels. In this study, we investigated the effects of spinal delivery of Peptide5 on mechanical pain hypersensitivity in two mouse models of neuropathic pain, peripheral nerve injury and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). We demonstrated that 10days following a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, Cx43 expression, co-localised predominantly with astrocytes, was increased in the ipsilateral L3-L5 lumbar spinal cord. An intrathecal injection of Peptide5 into nerve-injured mice, on day 10 when pain was well-established, caused significant improvement in mechanical pain hypersensitivity 8h after injection. Peptide5 treatment resulted in significantly reduced Cx43, and microglial and astrocyte activity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, as compared to control saline-treated CCI mice. Further in vitro investigations on primary astrocyte cultures showed that 1h pre-treatment with Peptide5 significantly reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release in response to extracellular calcium depletion. Since ATP is a known activator of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex, a key mediator of neuroinflammation, we examined the effects of Peptide5 treatment on NLRP3 inflammasome expression. We found that NLRP3, its adaptor apoptosis-associated spec-like protein (ASC) and caspase-1 protein were increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord of CCI mice and reduced to naïve levels following Peptide5 treatment. In the models of oxaliplatin- and paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, treatment with Peptide5 had no effect on mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Interestingly, in these CIPN models, although spinal Cx43 expression was significantly increased at day 13 following chemotherapy, NLRP3 expression was not altered. These results suggest that the analgesic effect of Peptide5 is specifically achieved by reducing NLRP3 expression. Together, our findings demonstrate that blocking Cx43 hemichannels with Peptide5 after nerve injury attenuates mechanical pain hypersensitivity by specifically targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the spinal cord.
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132
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Keestra-Gounder AM, Tsolis RM. NOD1 and NOD2: Beyond Peptidoglycan Sensing. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:758-767. [PMID: 28823510 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
NOD1 and NOD2 are pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system with well-established roles in sensing fragments of bacterial peptidoglycan. In addition to their role as microbial sensors, recent evidence indicates that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains (NODs) can also recognize a broader array of danger signals. Indeed, recent work has expanded the roles of NOD1 and NOD2 to encompass not only sensing of infections with viruses and parasites but also perceiving perturbations of cellular processes such as regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and maintenance of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. This review will comment on recent progress and point out emerging questions in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renée M Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA USA.
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133
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Khalafalla MG, Woods LT, Camden JM, Khan AA, Limesand KH, Petris MJ, Erb L, Weisman GA. P2X7 receptor antagonism prevents IL-1β release from salivary epithelial cells and reduces inflammation in a mouse model of autoimmune exocrinopathy. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16626-16637. [PMID: 28798231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.790741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland inflammation is a hallmark of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), a common autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary gland and loss of saliva secretion, predominantly in women. The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an ATP-gated nonselective cation channel that induces inflammatory responses in cells and tissues, including salivary gland epithelium. In immune cells, P2X7R activation induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, by inducing the oligomerization of the multiprotein complex NLRP3-type inflammasome. Here, our results show that in primary mouse submandibular gland (SMG) epithelial cells, P2X7R activation also induces the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the maturation and release of IL-1β, a response that is absent in SMG cells isolated from mice deficient in P2X7Rs (P2X7R-/-). P2X7R-mediated IL-1β release in SMG epithelial cells is dependent on transmembrane Na+ and/or K+ flux and the activation of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a protein required for the activation and stabilization of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Also, using the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers N-acetyl cysteine and Mito-TEMPO, we determined that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are required for P2X7R-mediated IL-1β release. Lastly, in vivo administration of the P2X7R antagonist A438079 in the CD28-/-, IFNγ-/-, NOD.H-2h4 mouse model of salivary gland exocrinopathy ameliorated salivary gland inflammation and enhanced carbachol-induced saliva secretion. These findings demonstrate that P2X7R antagonism in vivo represents a promising therapeutic strategy to limit salivary gland inflammation and improve secretory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G Khalafalla
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Lucas T Woods
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Jean M Camden
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Aslam A Khan
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - Michael J Petris
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology,University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211-7310 and
| | - Laurie Erb
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Gary A Weisman
- From the Department of Biochemistry, .,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
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134
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Baker PJ, De Nardo D, Moghaddas F, Tran LS, Bachem A, Nguyen T, Hayman T, Tye H, Vince JE, Bedoui S, Ferrero RL, Masters SL. Posttranslational Modification as a Critical Determinant of Cytoplasmic Innate Immune Recognition. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1165-1209. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00026.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface innate immune receptors can directly detect a variety of extracellular pathogens to which cytoplasmic innate immune sensors are rarely exposed. Instead, within the cytoplasm, the environment is rife with cellular machinery and signaling pathways that are indirectly perturbed by pathogenic microbes to activate intracellular sensors, such as pyrin, NLRP1, NLRP3, or NLRC4. Therefore, subtle changes in key intracellular processes such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and other pathways leading to posttranslational protein modification are key determinants of innate immune recognition in the cytoplasm. This concept is critical to establish the “guard hypothesis” whereby otherwise homeostatic pathways that keep innate immune sensors at bay are released in response to alterations in their posttranslational modification status. Originally identified in plants, evidence that a similar guardlike mechanism exists in humans has recently been identified, whereby a mutation that prevents phosphorylation of the innate immune sensor pyrin triggers a dominantly inherited autoinflammatory disease. It is also noteworthy that even when a cytoplasmic innate immune sensor has a direct ligand, such as bacterial peptidoglycan (NOD1 or NOD2), RNA (RIG-I or MDA5), or DNA (cGAS or IFI16), it can still be influenced by posttranslational modification to dramatically alter its response. Therefore, due to their existence in the cytoplasmic milieu, posttranslational modification is a key determinant of intracellular innate immune receptor functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Baker
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Fiona Moghaddas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Le Son Tran
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Annabell Bachem
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tan Nguyen
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas Hayman
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Hazel Tye
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - James E. Vince
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Richard L. Ferrero
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Seth L. Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Medical Biology and of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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135
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Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that is involved in the activation of disparate client proteins. This implicates Hsp90 in diverse biological processes that require a variety of co-ordinated regulatory mechanisms to control its activity. Perhaps the most important regulator is heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which is primarily responsible for upregulating Hsp90 by binding heat shock elements (HSEs) within Hsp90 promoters. HSF1 is itself subject to a variety of regulatory processes and can directly respond to stress. HSF1 also interacts with a variety of transcriptional factors that help integrate biological signals, which in turn regulate Hsp90 appropriately. Because of the diverse clientele of Hsp90 a whole variety of co-chaperones also regulate its activity and some are directly responsible for delivery of client protein. Consequently, co-chaperones themselves, like Hsp90, are also subject to regulatory mechanisms such as post translational modification. This review, looks at the many different levels by which Hsp90 activity is ultimately regulated.
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136
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Abstract
The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) chaperone machinery is a key regulator of proteostasis under both physiological and stress conditions in eukaryotic cells. As HSP90 has several hundred protein substrates (or 'clients'), it is involved in many cellular processes beyond protein folding, which include DNA repair, development, the immune response and neurodegenerative disease. A large number of co-chaperones interact with HSP90 and regulate the ATPase-associated conformational changes of the HSP90 dimer that occur during the processing of clients. Recent progress has allowed the interactions of clients with HSP90 and its co-chaperones to be defined. Owing to the importance of HSP90 in the regulation of many cellular proteins, it has become a promising drug target for the treatment of several diseases, which include cancer and diseases associated with protein misfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian H Schopf
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Maximilian M Biebl
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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137
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Mao Z, Liu C, Ji S, Yang Q, Ye H, Han H, Xue Z. The NLRP3 Inflammasome is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1104-1115. [PMID: 28247334 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) are complicated and have not been fully elucidated, but an important association has been identified between inflammation and PD. In this study, we investigated the role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) 3 inflammasome, consisting of NLRP3, caspase-1 and cytokines of the IL-1 family, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rats. Microinjection of different doses of caspase-1 inhibitor (Ac-YVAD-CMK, 300 or 1200 ng/rat) was performed for seven consecutive days. Then, rotational behavior, the number of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components were measured 14 days after the microinjection setup was established. Results showed that high mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components were observed in the injected side of the LPS- and 6-OHDA-induced PD rats; Ac-YVAD-CMK inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in both LPS- and 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Moreover, the number of rotations was significantly decreased, and the number of DA neurons in the SNc improved. Our data indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome participates in the pathogenesis of PD and that inhibiting the downstream pathway of the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β axis can alleviate the occurrence of PD symptoms, providing a new basis for the prevention and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chanchan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Suqiong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Qingmei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Hongxiang Ye
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Haiyan Han
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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138
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Willhoft O, Kerr R, Patel D, Zhang W, Al-Jassar C, Daviter T, Millson SH, Thalassinos K, Vaughan CK. The crystal structure of the Sgt1-Skp1 complex: the link between Hsp90 and both SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases and kinetochores. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41626. [PMID: 28139700 PMCID: PMC5282575 DOI: 10.1038/srep41626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential cochaperone Sgt1 recruits Hsp90 chaperone activity to a range of cellular factors including SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases and the kinetochore in eukaryotes. In these pathways Sgt1 interacts with Skp1, a small protein that heterodimerizes with proteins containing the F-box motif. We have determined the crystal structure of the interacting domains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sgt1 and Skp1 at 2.8 Å resolution and validated the interface in the context of the full-length proteins in solution. The BTB/POZ domain of Skp1 associates with Sgt1 via the concave surface of its TPR domain using residues that are conserved in humans. Dimerization of yeast Sgt1 occurs via an insertion that is absent from monomeric human Sgt1. We identify point mutations that disrupt dimerization and Skp1 binding in vitro and find that the interaction with Skp1 is an essential function of Sgt1 in yeast. Our data provide a structural rationale for understanding the phenotypes of temperature-sensitive Sgt1 mutants and for linking Skp1-associated proteins to Hsp90-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Willhoft
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Richard Kerr
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Dipali Patel
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Caezar Al-Jassar
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Tina Daviter
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Stefan H Millson
- School of Life Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratory, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Konstantinos Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Cara K Vaughan
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
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139
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Liu Q, Yang T, Yu T, Zhang S, Mao X, Zhao J, Wang X, Dong J, Liu B. Integrating Small RNA Sequencing with QTL Mapping for Identification of miRNAs and Their Target Genes Associated with Heat Tolerance at the Flowering Stage in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:43. [PMID: 28174587 PMCID: PMC5258760 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be associated with heat tolerance at the seedling stage in rice, their involvement in heat tolerance at the flowering stage is still unknown. In this study, small RNA profiling was conducted in a heat-tolerant variety Gan-Xiang-Nuo (GXN) and a heat-sensitive variety Hua-Jing-Xian-74 (HJX), respectively. Totally, 102 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) under heat stress. Compared to HJX, GXN had more DE miRNAs and its DE miRNAs changed earlier under heat stress. Plant Ontology (PO) analysis of the target genes revealed that many DE miRNAs were involved in flower development. As a parallel experiment, QTL mapping was also conducted and four QTLs for heat tolerance at the flowering stage were identified using chromosome single-segment substitution lines derived from GXN and HJX. Further, through integrating analysis of DE miRNAs with QTLs, we identified 8 target genes corresponding to 26 miRNAs within the four QTL regions. Some meaningful target genes such as LOC_Os12g42400, SGT1, and pectinesterase were within the QTL regions. The negative correlation between miR169r-5p and its target gene LOC_Os12g42400 was confirmed under heat stress, and overexpression of miR169r-5p enhanced heat tolerance at flowering stage in rice. Our results demonstrate that the integrated analysis of genome-wide miRNA profiling with QTL mapping can facilitate identification of miRNAs and their target genes associated with the target traits and the limited candidates identified in this study offer an important source for further functional analysis and molecular breeding for heat tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Tifeng Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Xingxue Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Jingfang Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Liu
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140
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Borges PV, Moret KH, Raghavendra NM, Maramaldo Costa TE, Monteiro AP, Carneiro AB, Pacheco P, Temerozo JR, Bou-Habib DC, das Graças Henriques M, Penido C. Protective effect of gedunin on TLR-mediated inflammation by modulation of inflammasome activation and cytokine production: Evidence of a multitarget compound. Pharmacol Res 2017; 115:65-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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141
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Zimmer S, Grebe A, Bakke SS, Bode N, Halvorsen B, Ulas T, Skjelland M, De Nardo D, Labzin LI, Kerksiek A, Hempel C, Heneka MT, Hawxhurst V, Fitzgerald ML, Trebicka J, Björkhem I, Gustafsson JÅ, Westerterp M, Tall AR, Wright SD, Espevik T, Schultze JL, Nickenig G, Lütjohann D, Latz E. Cyclodextrin promotes atherosclerosis regression via macrophage reprogramming. Sci Transl Med 2016; 8:333ra50. [PMID: 27053774 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad6100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease linked to elevated blood cholesterol concentrations. Despite ongoing advances in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Continuous retention of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in the subendothelial space causes a local overabundance of free cholesterol. Because cholesterol accumulation and deposition of cholesterol crystals (CCs) trigger a complex inflammatory response, we tested the efficacy of the cyclic oligosaccharide 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD), a compound that increases cholesterol solubility in preventing and reversing atherosclerosis. We showed that CD treatment of murine atherosclerosis reduced atherosclerotic plaque size and CC load and promoted plaque regression even with a continued cholesterol-rich diet. Mechanistically, CD increased oxysterol production in both macrophages and human atherosclerotic plaques and promoted liver X receptor (LXR)-mediated transcriptional reprogramming to improve cholesterol efflux and exert anti-inflammatory effects. In vivo, this CD-mediated LXR agonism was required for the antiatherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory effects of CD as well as for augmented reverse cholesterol transport. Because CD treatment in humans is safe and CD beneficially affects key mechanisms of atherogenesis, it may therefore be used clinically to prevent or treat human atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zimmer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alena Grebe
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Siril S Bakke
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany. German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany. Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Niklas Bode
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mona Skjelland
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany. Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Larisa I Labzin
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Kerksiek
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry und Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael T Heneka
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Victoria Hawxhurst
- Lipid Metabolism Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael L Fitzgerald
- Lipid Metabolism Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ingemar Björkhem
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Marit Westerterp
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alan R Tall
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany. Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry und Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany. German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany. Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway. Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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142
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Gomez-Lopez N, Romero R, Xu Y, Plazyo O, Unkel R, Than NG, Chaemsaithong P, Chaiworapongsa T, Dong Z, Tarca AL, Abrahams VM, Yeo L, Hassan SS. A Role for the Inflammasome in Spontaneous Labor at Term with Acute Histologic Chorioamnionitis. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:934-953. [PMID: 27852921 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116675058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic signaling platforms that regulate the activation of caspase (CASP)-1, which induces the maturation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Herein, we determined whether the chorioamniotic membranes from women in spontaneous labor at term with acute histologic chorioamnionitis express major inflammasome components and whether these changes are associated with the activation of CASP-1 and CASP-4 and the release of mature IL-1β and IL-18. When comparing the chorioamniotic membranes from women in spontaneous labor at term with acute histologic chorioamnionitis to those without this placental lesion, we found that (1) the messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 ( NLRP3), NLR family CARD domain containing 4 ( NLRC4), absent in melanoma 2 ( AIM2), and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 2 ( NOD2) was higher; (2) the NLRP3 and NLRC4 protein quantities were increased; (3) the mRNA and protein expressions of CASP-1 and its active forms were greater; (4) CASP-4 was increased at the mRNA level only; (5) the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β and its mature form were higher; and (6) a modest increase in the total protein concentration and abundance of the mature form of IL-18 was observed. In vitro incubation of the chorioamniotic membranes with the CASP-1 inhibitor, VX765, decreased the release of endotoxin-induced IL-1β and IL-18 (2-fold) but not IL-6 or tumor necrosis factor α. In conclusion, spontaneous labor at term with acute histologic chorioamnionitis is characterized by an upregulation of inflammasome components which, in turn, may participate in the activation of CASP-1 and lead to the release of mature IL-1β by the chorioamniotic membranes. These results support a role for the inflammasome in the mechanisms responsible for spontaneous labor at term with acute histologic chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,3 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,6 Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Olesya Plazyo
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ronald Unkel
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,7 Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,8 Maternity Private Department, Kutvolgyi Clinical Block, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,9 First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhong Dong
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adi L Tarca
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Vikki M Abrahams
- 10 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lami Yeo
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- 1 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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143
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Sun C, Wang X, Zheng G, Fan S, Lu J, Zhang Z, Wu D, Shan Q, Hu B, Zheng Y. Protective effect of different flavonoids against endothelial senescence via NLRP3 inflammasome. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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144
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Hong TJ, Hahn JS. Application of SGT1-Hsp90 chaperone complex for soluble expression of NOD1 LRR domain in E. coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1647-52. [PMID: 27591899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
NOD1 is an intracellular sensor of innate immunity which is related to a number of inflammatory diseases. NOD1 is known to be difficult to express and purify for structural and biochemical studies. Based on the fact that Hsp90 and its cochaperone SGT1 are necessary for the stabilization and activation of NOD1 in mammals, SGT1 was chosen as a fusion partner of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of NOD1 for its soluble expression in Escherichia coli. Fusion of human SGT1 (hSGT1) to NOD1 LRR significantly enhanced the solubility, and the fusion protein was stabilized by coexpression of mouse Hsp90α. The expression level of hSGT1-NOD1 LRR was further enhanced by supplementation of rare codon tRNAs and exchange of antibiotic marker genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Joon Hong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Hahn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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145
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Fuess LE, Pinzόn C JH, Weil E, Mydlarz LD. Associations between transcriptional changes and protein phenotypes provide insights into immune regulation in corals. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 62:17-28. [PMID: 27109903 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Disease outbreaks in marine ecosystems have driven worldwide declines of numerous taxa, including corals. Some corals, such as Orbicella faveolata, are particularly susceptible to disease. To explore the mechanisms contributing to susceptibility, colonies of O. faveolata were exposed to immune challenge with lipopolysaccharides. RNA sequencing and protein activity assays were used to characterize the response of corals to immune challenge. Differential expression analyses identified 17 immune-related transcripts that varied in expression post-immune challenge. Network analyses revealed several groups of transcripts correlated to immune protein activity. Several transcripts, which were annotated as positive regulators of immunity were included in these groups, and some were downregulated following immune challenge. Correlations between expression of these transcripts and protein activity results further supported the role of these transcripts in positive regulation of immunity. The observed pattern of gene expression and protein activity may elucidate the processes contributing to the disease susceptibility of species like O. faveolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Fuess
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Jorge H Pinzόn C
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Ernesto Weil
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, PR, USA
| | - Laura D Mydlarz
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
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146
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Tran PT, Choi H, Choi D, Kim KH. Virus-induced gene silencing reveals signal transduction components required for the Pvr9-mediated hypersensitive response in Nicotiana benthamiana. Virology 2016; 495:167-72. [PMID: 27236305 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to pathogens mediated by plant resistance (R) proteins requires different signaling transduction components and pathways. Our previous studies revealed that a potyvirus resistance gene in pepper, Pvr9, confers a hypersensitive response (HR) to pepper mottle virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Our results show that the Pvr9-mediated HR against pepper mottle virus infection requires HSP90, SGT1, NDR1, but not EDS1. These results suggest that the Pvr9-mediated HR is possibly related to the SA pathway but not the ET, JA, ROS or NO pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu-Tri Tran
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseong Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doil Choi
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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147
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Yang J, Liu Z, Xiao TS. Post-translational regulation of inflammasomes. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 14:65-79. [PMID: 27345727 PMCID: PMC5214939 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes play essential roles in immune protection against microbial infections. However, excessive inflammation is implicated in various human diseases, including autoinflammatory syndromes, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, precise regulation of inflammasome activities is critical for adequate immune protection while limiting collateral tissue damage. In this review, we focus on the emerging roles of post-translational modifications (PTMs) that regulate activation of the NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRC4, AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes. We anticipate that these types of PTMs will be identified in other types of and less well-characterized inflammasomes. Because these highly diverse and versatile PTMs shape distinct inflammatory responses in response to infections and tissue damage, targeting the enzymes involved in these PTMs will undoubtedly offer opportunities for precise modulation of inflammasome activities under various pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA.,Graduate Program in Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
| | - Tsan Sam Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
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148
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Jhang JJ, Lu CC, Yen GC. Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits urate crystals-induced peritoneal inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2297-2303. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Jia Jhang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
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149
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Arbore G, Kemper C. A novel "complement-metabolism-inflammasome axis" as a key regulator of immune cell effector function. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:1563-73. [PMID: 27184294 PMCID: PMC5025719 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes that induce and regulate the generation of the key pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18 in response to infectious microbes and cellular stress. The activation of inflammasomes involves several upstream signals including classic pattern or danger recognition systems such as the TLRs. Recently, however, the activation of complement receptors, such as the anaphylatoxin C3a and C5a receptors and the complement regulator CD46, in conjunction with the sensing of cell metabolic changes, for instance increased amino acid influx and glycolysis (via mTORC1), have emerged as additional critical activators of the inflammasome. This review summarizes recent advances in our knowledge about complement‐mediated inflammasome activation, with a specific focus on a novel “complement – metabolism – NLRP3 inflammasome axis.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Arbore
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Kemper
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London, UK.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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150
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Sharma N, Jha S. NLR-regulated pathways in cancer: opportunities and obstacles for therapeutic interventions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1741-64. [PMID: 26708292 PMCID: PMC11108278 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors) are pattern recognition receptors associated with immunity and inflammation in response to endogenous and exogenous pathogen and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs respectively). Dysregulated NLR function is associated with several diseases including cancers, metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders and autoinflammatory syndromes. In the last decade, distinct cell and organ specific roles for NLRs have been identified however; their roles in cancer initiation, development and progression remain controversial. This review summarizes the emerging role of NLRs in cancer and their possible future as targets for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India.
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