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Kim H, Yoo J, Han K, Fava M, Mischoulon D, Park MJ, Jeon HJ. Associations Between Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Physical Activity and Depression in Middle-Aged Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:761761. [PMID: 35002797 PMCID: PMC8733565 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.761761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Changes in lifestyle factors are known to affect mood. However, there is insufficient evidence supporting the association between smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and depression in middle-aged women who are likely to experience rapid hormonal changes. Methods: We used a nationwide database of medical records in South Korea. 901,721 premenopausal and 943,710 postmenopausal women aged 40 years or older included in this study. Information on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity was identified from health examination data and followed up for the occurrence of depression using claims data. Results: Compared with never-smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers among premenopausal and postmenopausal women showed an increased risk of depression in a dose-dependent manner (aHR 1.13 for ex-smokers; aHR 1.23 for current smokers). Compared with non-drinkers, mild drinkers showed a decreased risk of depression (aHR 0.98 for premenopausal women; aHR 0.95 for postmenopausal women), and heavy drinkers showed an increased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 1.20) and postmenopausal women (aHR 1.05). The risk of depression due to smoking and heavy alcohol consumption was higher in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. Compared with those who had not engaged in regular physical activity, those who had engaged showed a decreased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 0.96) and postmenopausal women (aHR 0.95). Conclusions: Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of depression, and the increased risk was prominent in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. Regular physical activity decreased the risk of depression both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhwan Yoo
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Mischoulon
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mi Jin Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Department of Medical Device Management and Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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102
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Rubin LH, Sundermann EE, Dastgheyb R, Buchholz AS, Pasipanodya E, Heaton RK, Grant I, Ellis R, Moore DJ. Sex Differences in the Patterns and Predictors of Cognitive Function in HIV. Front Neurol 2020; 11:551921. [PMID: 33329301 PMCID: PMC7732436 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.551921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy, mild cognitive deficits persist in nearly half of people with HIV (PWH). The profile of impairment in HIV is highly variable with deficits observed in a range of cognitive domains. Despite evidence of greater cognitive impairment among women with HIV (WWH) vs. men with HIV (MWH), it is unclear how MWH and WWH differ in the type of cognitive impairment and in risk factors associated with cognitive impairment profiles. In a large and well-characterized sample of PWH, we used machine learning to identify profiles of cognitive functioning and their associated factors overall and within sex. Participants included 1,666 PWH (201 WWH; 1,465 MMH) from the HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program who completed a neuropsychological test battery at their baseline visits. Using demographically-adjusted T-scores from 13 test outcomes assessing motor skills, executive functioning, attention/working memory, episodic learning and memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed, we used Kohonen self-organizing maps to identify patterns of high-dimensional data by mapping participants to similar nodes based on T-scores (MCLUST R package). Random forest models were used to determine how sociodemographic (e.g., age, education), clinical (e.g., depressive symptoms, substance use disorder), and biological (e.g., HIV disease characteristics) factors differentially related to membership within a cognitive profile. All analyses were repeated within sex. Three cognitive profiles were identified overall and within each sex. Overall and within MWH, there were unimpaired and global weakness profiles. The third profile in the total sample demonstrated relatively weak auditory attention whereas in MWH showed relative strengths in attention and processing speed. Conversely, there was no unimpaired profile among WWH. Rather, WWH demonstrated separate profiles reflecting weakness in motor skills, a relative weakness in learning and delayed recall, and global weaknesses with spared recognition memory. Despite different cognitive profiles by sex, the most discriminative factors were similar between men and women and included reading level (cognitive reserve), current and nadir CD4 count, plasma HIV viral load, duration of HIV disease, age, depressive symptoms, and race/ethnicity. Findings fill a knowledge gap concerning sex differences in cognitive impairment in PWH and inform personalized risk reduction and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Erin E Sundermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Raha Dastgheyb
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alison S Buchholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Pasipanodya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Robert K Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ronald Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David J Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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103
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Wang H, Zhou WX, Huang JF, Zheng XQ, Tian HJ, Wang B, Fu WL, Wu AM. Endocrine Therapy for the Functional Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:590570. [PMID: 33390881 PMCID: PMC7773784 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.590570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of physical disability and leads to patient dissatisfaction with their quality of life. Patients with SCI usually exhibit severe clinical symptoms, including sensory and motor dysfunction below the injured levels, paraplegia, quadriplegia and urinary retention, which can exacerbate the substantial medical and social burdens. The major pathological change observed in SCI is inflammatory reaction, which induces demyelination, axonal degeneration, and the apoptosis and necrosis of neurons. Traditional medical treatments are mainly focused on the recovery of motor function and prevention of complications. To date, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the cellular and molecular mechanism of SCI and have proposed lots of effective treatments, but the clinical applications are still limited due to the complex pathogenesis and poor prognosis after SCI. Endocrine hormones are kinds of molecules that are synthesized by specialized endocrine organs and can participate in the regulation of multiple physiological activities, and their protective effects on several disorders have been widely discussed. In addition, many studies have identified that endocrine hormones can promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery in individuals with central nervous system diseases. Therefore, studies investigating the clinical applications of endocrine hormones as treatments for SCI are necessary. In this review, we described the neuroprotective roles of several endocrine hormones in SCI; endocrine hormone administration reduces cell death and promotes functional repair after SCI. We also proposed novel therapies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xian Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Feng Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Qi Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hai-Jun Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Li Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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104
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Marbouti L, Zahmatkesh M, Riahi E, Shafiee Sabet M. GnRH protective effects against amyloid β-induced cognitive decline: A potential role of the 17β-estradiol. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110985. [PMID: 32805333 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 17β-estradiol (E2) enhances hippocampal dendritic spine synapses, facilitates learning processes, and exerts neuroprotection. Brain estrogen decline has been reported in Alzheimer's disease. The role of GnRH in modulating steroid biosynthesis convinced us to examine whether hippocampal GnRH administration could enhance the local E2 levels and overcome the development of cognition decline in amyloid β (Aβ) neurotoxicity. To explore if GnRH acts through regulating E2 synthesis, letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has been applied in combination with GnRH. METHODS Female rats received an intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ. The GnRH and, or letrozole were injected into the CA1 for 14 consecutive days. Working memory, novel object recognition memory, and anxiety-like behavior were evaluated. Serum and hippocampal E2 levels were measured. Hippocampal mRNA expression of GnRH (GnRH-R) and E2 (ERα and ERβ) receptors was assessed. GnRH effect on the excitability of pyramidal cells was studied by in vivo single-unit recording. RESULTS GnRH increased hippocampal E2 levels, evoked an increase in the spontaneous firing of pyramidal neurons, and caused mRNA overexpression of hippocampal GnRH receptors. GnRH prevented the adverse effects of Aβ on working memory, NOR index, and anxiogenic behavior. Letrozole did not reverse GnRH modulatory effects on hippocampal E2 levels and neuroprotection. CONCLUSION GnRH prevented the Aβ-induced memory deficit, which may be mediated through hippocampal E2 levels enhancement. The electrophysiological analysis revealed the enhanced neuronal excitability in the CA1 region. All these data suggest that GnRH might be a promising candidate that reduces anxiety and improves memory indices in the context of Aβ neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Marbouti
- Neuroscience and Addiction Studies Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahmatkesh
- Neuroscience and Addiction Studies Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Esmail Riahi
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shafiee Sabet
- Family Medicine Department, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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105
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Watkins J, Ghosh A, Keerie AFA, Alix JJP, Mead RJ, Sreedharan J. Female sex mitigates motor and behavioural phenotypes in TDP-43 Q331K knock-in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19220. [PMID: 33154447 PMCID: PMC7645778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are overlapping neurodegenerative disorders. ALS is more commonly seen in men than women and the same may be the case for FTD. Preclinical models demonstrating sex-specific vulnerability may help to understand female resistance to ALS-FTD and thereby identify routes to therapy. We previously characterised a TDP-43Q331K knock-in mouse, which demonstrated behavioural phenotypes reminiscent of ALS-FTD in males. Here we present our behavioural observations of female TDP-43Q331K mutants. Female TDP-43Q331K knock-in mice displayed increased weight relative to wild-type and increased food intake at 20 months of age, much later than previously observed in male mutants. Spontaneous digging behaviour was initially normal and only declined in mutants in the second year of life. Gait analysis using Catwalk (https://www.noldus.com/catwalk-xt) found significant deficits in the second year of life, while nocturnal running behaviour was attenuated from ~ 250 days of life. These results indicate that while female TDP-43Q331K knock-in mice do display progressive behavioural phenotypes, these are less severe than we previously noted in male mutants. Further studies of male and female TDP-43Q331K knock-in mice may help to unravel the mechanisms underlying sex-specific vulnerability in ALS-FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Watkins
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Anshua Ghosh
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Amy F A Keerie
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - James J P Alix
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Richard J Mead
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Jemeen Sreedharan
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK.
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106
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Accioly NE, Guedes RCA. Topical cortical application of ovarian hormones and modulation of brain electrical activity: analysis of spreading depression in well-nourished and malnourished female rats. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 23:887-895. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1575574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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107
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Del Río JP, Molina S, Hidalgo-Lanussa O, Garcia-Segura LM, Barreto GE. Tibolone as Hormonal Therapy and Neuroprotective Agent. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:742-759. [PMID: 32507541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tibolone (TIB), a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator (STEAR) in clinical use by postmenopausal women, activates hormonal receptors in a tissue-specific manner. Estrogenic activity is present mostly in the brain, vagina, and bone, while the inactive forms predominate in the endometrium and breast. Conflicting literature on TIB's actions has been observed. While it has benefits for vasomotor symptoms, bone demineralization, and sexual health, a higher relative risk of hormone-sensitive cancer has been reported. In the brain, TIB can improve mood and cognition, neuroinflammation, and reactive gliosis. This review aims to discuss the systemic effects of TIB on peri- and post-menopausal women and its role in the brain. We suggest that TIB is a hormonal therapy with promising neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Del Río
- Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Clínica Psiquiátrica Universitaria, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths (Imhay), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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108
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Novick AM, Scott AT, Neill Epperson C, Schneck CD. Neuropsychiatric effects of tamoxifen: Challenges and opportunities. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 59:100869. [PMID: 32822707 PMCID: PMC7669724 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological, clinical, and basic research over the past thirty years have described the benefits of estrogen on cognition, mood, and brain health. Less is known about tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modifier (SERM) commonly used in breast cancer which is able to cross the blood-brain barrier. In this article, we review the basic pharmacology of tamoxifenas well as its effects on cognition and mood. The literature reveals an overall impairing effect of tamoxifen on cognition in breast cancer patients, hinting at central antiestrogen activity. On the other hand, tamoxifen demonstrates promising effects in psychiatric disorders, like bipolar disorder, where its therapeutic action may be independent of interaction with estrogen receptors. Understanding the neuropsychiatric properties of SERMs like tamoxifen can guide future research to ameliorate unwanted side-effects and provide novel options for difficult to treat disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - Anthony T Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - C Neill Epperson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Christopher D Schneck
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
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109
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Schumacher M, Liere P, Ghoumari A. Progesterone and fetal-neonatal neuroprotection. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2020; 69:50-61. [PMID: 33039311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of progesterone goes beyond the maintenance of pregnancy. The hormone, indeed, protects the developing fetal brain and influences its maturation. Metabolomes analyzed by mass spectrometric methods have revealed the great diversity of steroids in maternal plasma and fetal fluids, but their developmental significance remains to be investigated. Progesterone and its metabolites reach highest levels during the third trimester, when the brain growth spurt occurs: its volume triples, synaptogenesis is particularly active, and axons start to be myelinated. This developmental stage coincides with a period of great vulnerability. Studies in sheep have shown that progesterone and its metabolite allopregnanolone protect the vulnerable fetal brain. Work in rats and mice have demonstrated that progesterone plays an important role in myelin formation. These experimental studies are discussed in relation to preterm birth. Influences of progesterone on very early stages of neural development at the beginning of pregnancy are yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schumacher
- U1195 "Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System", Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80, Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Philippe Liere
- U1195 "Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System", Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80, Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Abdelmoumen Ghoumari
- U1195 "Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System", Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80, Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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110
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El-Khatib YA, Sayed RH, Sallam NA, Zaki HF, Khattab MM. 17β-Estradiol augments the neuroprotective effect of agomelatine in depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in ovariectomized rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2873-2886. [PMID: 32535690 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Estradiol decline has been associated with depression and anxiety in post-menopausal women. Agomelatine (Ago) is an agonist of the melatonergic MT1/MT2 receptors and an antagonist of the serotonergic 5-HT2c receptors. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of combining Ago with 17β-estradiol (E2) on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in young adult female rats. METHODS OVX rats were treated with Ago (40 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days starting 1 week after surgery alone or combined with two doses of E2 (40 μg/kg/day, s.c.) given before behavioral testing. RESULTS Co-administration of E2 enhanced the anti-depressant and anxiolytics effects of Ago as evidenced by decreased immobility time in the forced swimming test, as well as increased time spent in the open arms and number of entries to open arms in the elevated plus-maze. In parallel, Ago increased hippocampal norepinephrine, dopamine, melatonin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Meanwhile, Ago-treated rats exhibited reduced hippocampal nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) P65 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine level. Ago upregulated estrogen receptor (ER α and β) mRNA expression in the hippocampus of OVX rats and elevated serum estradiol levels. Co-administration of E2 with Ago synergistically decreased NF-kB P65 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased BDNF levels. CONCLUSION E2 augmented the neuroprotective effect of Ago in OVX rats via its anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects. The combined treatment of E2 and Ago should be further investigated as a treatment of choice for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances associated with menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine A El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Nada A Sallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Neuron-Derived Estrogen Is Critical for Astrocyte Activation and Neuroprotection of the Ischemic Brain. J Neurosci 2020; 40:7355-7374. [PMID: 32817249 PMCID: PMC7534920 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0115-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) is produced from androgens via the action of the enzyme aromatase. E2 is known to be made in neurons in the brain, but the functions of neuron-derived E2 in the ischemic brain are unclear. Here, we used a forebrain neuron-specific aromatase KO (FBN-ARO-KO) mouse model to deplete neuron-derived E2 in the forebrain and determine its roles after global cerebral ischemia. We demonstrated that ovariectomized female FBN-ARO-KO mice exhibited significantly attenuated astrocyte activation, astrocytic aromatization, and decreased hippocampal E2 levels compared with FLOX mice. Furthermore, FBN-ARO-KO mice had exacerbated neuronal damage and worse cognitive dysfunction after global cerebral ischemia. Similar results were observed in intact male mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed alterations in pathways and genes associated with astrocyte activation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in FBN-ARO-KO mice. The compromised astrocyte activation in FBN-ARO-KO mice was associated with robust downregulation of the astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factors, BDNF and IGF-1, as well as the astrocytic glutamate transporter, GLT-1. Νeuronal FGF2, which acts in a paracrine manner to suppress astrocyte activation, was increased in FBN-ARO-KO neurons. Interestingly, blocking FGF2 signaling by central injection of FGFR3-neutralizing antibody was able to reverse the diminishment in neuroprotective astrocyte reactivity, and attenuate neuronal damage in FBN-ARO-KO mice. Moreover, in vivo E2 replacement suppressed FGF2 signaling and rescued the compromised reactive astrogliosis and cognitive deficits. Collectively, our data provide novel genetic evidence for a beneficial role of neuron-derived E2 in astrocyte activation, neuroprotection, and cognitive preservation following ischemic injury to the brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Following cerebral ischemia, astrocytes become highly reactive and can exert neuroprotection through the release of neurotrophic factors and clearance of neurotoxic glutamate. The current study advances our understanding of this process by demonstrating that neuron-derived 17β-estradiol (E2) is neuroprotective and critical for induction of reactive astrocytes and their ability to produce astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factors, BDNF and IGF-1, and the glutamate transporter, GLT-1 after ischemic brain damage. These beneficial effects of neuron-derived E2 appear to be due, at least in part, to suppression of neuronal FGF2 signaling, which is a known suppressor of astrocyte activation. These findings suggest that neuron-derived E2 is neuroprotective after ischemic brain injury via a mechanism that involves suppression of neuronal FGF2 signaling, thereby facilitating astrocyte activation.
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112
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Tibolone Ameliorates the Lipotoxic Effect of Palmitic Acid in Normal Human Astrocytes. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:585-595. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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113
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Saldanha CJ. Estrogen as a Neuroprotectant in Both Sexes: Stories From the Bird Brain. Front Neurol 2020; 11:497. [PMID: 32655477 PMCID: PMC7324752 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens such as estradiol (E2) are potent effectors of neural structure and function via peripheral and central synthesis. In the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), neural E2 synthesis is among the highest reported in homeotherms due to the abundant constitutive expression of aromatase (E-synthase) in discrete neuronal pools across the forebrain. Following penetrating or concussive trauma, E2 synthesis increases even further via the induced expression of aromatase in reactive astrocytes around the site of damage. Injury-associated astrocytic aromatization occurs in the brains of both sexes regardless of the site of injury and can remain elevated for weeks following trauma. Interestingly, penetrating injury induces astrocytic aromatase more rapidly in females compared to males, but this sex difference is not detectable 24 h posttrauma. Indeed, unilateral penetrating injury can increase E2 content 4-fold relative to the contralateral uninjured hemisphere, suggesting that glial aromatization may be a powerful source of neural E2 available to circuits. Glial aromatization is neuroprotective as inhibition of injury-induced aromatase increases neuroinflammation, gliosis, necrosis, apoptosis, and infarct size. These effects are ameliorated upon replacement with E2, suggesting that the songbird may have evolved a rapidly responsive neurosteroidogenic system to protect vulnerable brain circuits. The precise signals that induce aromatase expression in astrocytes include elements of the inflammatory cascade and underscore the sentinel role of the innate immune system as a crucial effector of trauma-associated E2 provision in the vertebrate brain. This review will describe the inductive signals of astroglial aromatase and the neuroprotective role for glial E2 synthesis in the adult songbird brains of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Saldanha
- Departments of Neuroscience, Biology, Psychology & The Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC, United States
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114
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Nolan LS. Age-related hearing loss: Why we need to think about sex as a biological variable. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1705-1720. [PMID: 32557661 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has long been known that age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is more common, more severe, and with an earlier onset in men compared to women. Even in the absence of confounding factors such as noise exposure, these sexdifferences in susceptibility to ARHL remain. In the last decade, insight into the pleiotrophic nature by which estrogen signaling can impact multiple signaling mechanisms to mediate downstream changes in gene expression and/or elicit rapid changes in cellular function has rapidly gathered pace, and a role for estrogen signaling in the biological pathways that confer neuroprotection is becoming undeniable. Here I review the evidence why we need to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV) when investigating the etiology of ARHL. Loss of auditory function with aging is frequency-specific and modulated by SABV. Evidence also suggests that differences in cochlear physiology between women and men are already present from birth. Understanding the molecular basis of these sex differences in ARHL will accelerate the development of precision medicine therapies for ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Nolan
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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115
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Wang H, Chen M, Xin T, Tang K. Number of children and the prevalence of later-life major depression and insomnia in women and men: findings from a cross-sectional study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:267. [PMID: 32471396 PMCID: PMC7260797 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy and parenthood have been associated with physical and mental health. Previous literature concerning the impacts of parity on mental health was inconsistent and lack epidemiolocal evidence. China, with growing mental health problems and changing fertility patterns, faces unique challenges. This study aims to examine the relationship between parity and the prevalence of major depression and insomnia among men and women in the Chinese population. METHODS Baseline data from a Chinese population-based study of 512,891 adults (59.01% women) from 10 areas, aged 30-79 were analyzed. Number of children was based on self-report by the participants. Major depression (MD) was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory. Insomnia symptoms were accessed by a questionnaire comparable to that used in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between MD/Insomnia and number of children, after stratifications and adjustments. RESULTS For women, each additional child was associated with a 9% decreased odds of MD (OR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.88-0.96), with the associations significant for those who lived in urban areas (OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.70-0.83), or had a lower education (OR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.85-0.94), or had lower household income (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.85-0.94), or had ever used alcohol (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.84-0.93). The association between per additional children and MD was not significant in men (OR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.97-1.07), but a decreased odd of MD with per additional child was found in men who lived in urban areas (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.71-0.96). For women, each additional child was associated with a 4% decreased odds of insomnia (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.95-0.96). Each additional child was also associated with a 2% decreased odds of insomnia in men (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-1.00). CONCLUSIONS MD and insomnia were inversely associated with number of children in women while the association was not overall significant in men. The association was mediated by socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Future mental health public health programs should address parity and sex differences when designing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Research Center for Public Health, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Health Humanities, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Minne Chen
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 103 S Bldg Cb 9100, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Tong Xin
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Global Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Kun Tang
- Research Center for Public Health, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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116
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Sex Differences in Cognitive Impairment Induced by Cerebral Microhemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:316-330. [PMID: 32440818 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that cerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs) could be involved in cognitive decline. However, little is known about the sex-dependency of this effect. Using a multimodal approach combining behavioral tests, in vivo imaging, biochemistry, and molecular biology, we studied the cortical and hippocampal impact of a CMH in male and female mice (C57BL/6J) 6 weeks post-induction using a collagenase-induced model. Our work shows for the first time that a single cortical CMH exerts sex-specific effects on cognition. It notably induced visuospatial memory impairment in males only. This sex difference might be explained by cortical changes secondary to the lesion. In fact, the CMH induced an upregulation of ERα mRNA only in the female cortex. Besides, in male mice, we observed an impairment of pathways associated to neuronal, glial, or vascular functions: decrease in the P-GSK3β/GSK3β ratio, in BDNF and VEGF levels, and in microvascular water mobility. The CMH also exerted spatial remote effects in the hippocampus by increasing the number of astrocytes in both sexes, increasing the mean area occupied by each astrocyte in males, and decreasing hippocampal BDNF in females suggesting a cortical-hippocampal network impairment. This work demonstrates that a CMH could directly affect cognition in a sex-specific manner and highlights the need to study both sexes in preclinical models.
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117
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Microglial and Astrocytic Function in Physiological and Pathological Conditions: Estrogenic Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093219. [PMID: 32370112 PMCID: PMC7247358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There are sexual differences in the onset, prevalence, and outcome of numerous neurological diseases. Thus, in Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and major depression disorder, the incidence in women is higher than in men. In contrast, men are more likely to present other pathologies, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and autism spectrum. Although the neurological contribution to these diseases has classically always been studied, the truth is that neurons are not the only cells to be affected, and there are other cells, such as glial cells, that are also involved and could be key to understanding the development of these pathologies. Sexual differences exist not only in pathology but also in physiological processes, which shows how cells are differentially regulated in males and females. One of the reasons these sexual differences may occur could be due to the different action of sex hormones. Many studies have shown an increase in aromatase levels in the brain, which could indicate the main role of estrogens in modulating proinflammatory processes. This review will highlight data about sex differences in glial physiology and how estrogenic compounds, such as estradiol and tibolone, could be used as treatment in neurological diseases due to their anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to modulate glial cell functions.
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118
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Vegeto E, Villa A, Della Torre S, Crippa V, Rusmini P, Cristofani R, Galbiati M, Maggi A, Poletti A. The Role of Sex and Sex Hormones in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5572525. [PMID: 31544208 PMCID: PMC7156855 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a wide class of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) with unknown etiology. Several factors were hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases, including genetic and environmental factors. Many of these diseases show a sex prevalence and sex steroids were shown to have a role in the progression of specific forms of neurodegeneration. Estrogens were reported to be neuroprotective through their action on cognate nuclear and membrane receptors, while adverse effects of male hormones have been described on neuronal cells, although some data also suggest neuroprotective activities. The response of the CNS to sex steroids is a complex and integrated process that depends on (i) the type and amount of the cognate steroid receptor and (ii) the target cell type-either neurons, glia, or microglia. Moreover, the levels of sex steroids in the CNS fluctuate due to gonadal activities and to local metabolism and synthesis. Importantly, biochemical processes involved in the pathogenesis of NDs are increasingly being recognized as different between the two sexes and as influenced by sex steroids. The aim of this review is to present current state-of-the-art understanding on the potential role of sex steroids and their receptors on the onset and progression of major neurodegenerative disorders, namely, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the peculiar motoneuron disease spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, in which hormonal therapy is potentially useful as disease modifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vegeto
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche (DiSFarm), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DiSS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Della Torre
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche (DiSFarm), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Eccellenza di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Eccellenza di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Eccellenza di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Eccellenza di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche (DiSFarm), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Eccellenza di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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119
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Dubol M, Epperson CN, Lanzenberger R, Sundström-Poromaa I, Comasco E. Neuroimaging premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A systematic and critical review. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 57:100838. [PMID: 32268180 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine organizational and activational influences on cognitive and affective circuits are likely critical to the development of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a sex-specific hormone-dependent mood disorder. An overview of the anatomical and functional neural characterization of this disorder is presented here by means of neuroimaging correlates, identified from eighteen publications (n = 361 subjects). While white matter integrity remains uninvestigated, greater cerebellar grey matter volume and metabolism were observed in patients with PMDD, along with altered serotonergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Differential corticolimbic activation in response to emotional stimuli distinguishes the PMDD brain, namely enhanced amygdalar and diminished fronto-cortical function. Thus far, the emotional distress and dysregulation linked to PMDD seem to be defined by structural, chemical and functional brain signatures; however, their characterization remains sparsely studied and somewhat inconsistent. Clear and well-replicated neurobiological features of PMDD are needed to promote timely diagnoses and inform development of prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Dubol
- Department of Neuroscience, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - C Neill Epperson
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado, School of Medicine-Anschutz Medical Campus, United States
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Erika Comasco
- Department of Neuroscience, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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120
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Bayele HK. Sirtuins transduce STACs signals through steroid hormone receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5338. [PMID: 32210296 PMCID: PMC7093472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 protects against several complex metabolic and ageing-related diseases (MARDs), and is therefore considered a polypill target to improve healthy ageing. Although dietary sirtuin-activating compounds (dSTACs) including resveratrol are promising drug candidates, their clinical application has been frustrated by an imprecise understanding of how their signals are transduced into increased healthspan. Recent work indicates that SIRT1 and orthologous sirtuins coactivate the oestrogen receptor/ER and the worm steroid receptor DAF-12. Here they are further shown to ligand-independently transduce dSTACs signals through these receptors. While some dSTACs elicit ER subtype-selectivity in the presence of hormone, most synergize with 17β-oestradiol and dafachronic acid respectively to increase ER and DAF-12 coactivation by the sirtuins. These data suggest that dSTACs functionally mimic gonadal steroid hormones, enabling sirtuins to transduce the cognate signals through a conserved endocrine pathway. Interestingly, resveratrol non-monotonically modulates sirtuin signalling, suggesting that it may induce hormesis, i.e. “less is more”. Together, the findings suggest that dSTACs may be informational molecules that use exploitative mimicry to modulate sirtuin signalling through steroid receptors. Hence dSTACs’ intrinsic oestrogenicity may underlie their proven ability to impart the health benefits of oestradiol, and also provides a mechanistic insight into how they extend healthspan or protect against MARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry K Bayele
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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121
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Escobar I, Xu J, Jackson CW, Perez-Pinzon MA. Altered Neural Networks in the Papez Circuit: Implications for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cerebral Ischemia. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:425-446. [PMID: 30584147 PMCID: PMC6398564 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of death has decreased over the years, surviving patients may suffer from long-term cognitive impairments and have an increased risk for dementia. Unfortunately, research aimed toward developing therapies that can improve cognitive outcomes following cerebral ischemia has proved difficult given the fact that little is known about the underlying processes involved. Nevertheless, mechanisms that disrupt neural network activity may provide valuable insight, since disturbances in both local and global networks in the brain have been associated with deficits in cognition. In this review, we suggest that abnormal neural dynamics within different brain networks may arise from disruptions in synaptic plasticity processes and circuitry after ischemia. This discussion primarily concerns disruptions in local network activity within the hippocampus and other extra-hippocampal components of the Papez circuit, given their role in memory processing. However, impaired synaptic plasticity processes and disruptions in structural and functional connections within the Papez circuit have important implications for alterations within the global network, as well. Although much work is required to establish this relationship, evidence thus far suggests there is a link. If pursued further, findings may lead toward a better understanding of how deficits in cognition arise, not only in cerebral ischemia, but in other neurological diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Escobar
- Department of Neurology, Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles W Jackson
- Department of Neurology, Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- Department of Neurology, Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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122
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Sarchielli E, Guarnieri G, Idrizaj E, Squecco R, Mello T, Comeglio P, Gallina P, Maggi M, Vannelli GB, Morelli A. The G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, GPER1, mediates direct anti-inflammatory effects of oestrogens in human cholinergic neurones from the nucleus basalis of Meynert. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12837. [PMID: 32077170 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been well established, particularly in animal models, that oestrogens exert neuroprotective effects in brain areas linked to cognitive processes. A key protective role could reside in the capacity of oestrogen to modulate the inflammatory response. However, the direct neuroprotective actions of oestrogens on neurones are complex and remain to be fully clarified. In the present study, we took advantage of a previously characterised primary culture of human cholinergic neurones (hfNBM) from the foetal nucleus basalis of Meynert, which is known to regulate hippocampal and neocortical learning and memory circuits, aiming to investigate the direct effects of oestrogens under inflammatory conditions. Exposure of cells to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α (10 ng mL-1 ) determined the activation of an inflammatory response, as demonstrated by nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. These effects were inhibited by treatment with either 17β-oestradiol (E2 ) (10 nmol L-1 ) or G1 (100 nmol L-1 ), the selective agonist of the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor (GPER1). Interestingly, the GPER1 antagonist G15 abolished the effects of E2 in TNFα-treated cells, whereas the ERα/ERβ inhibitor tamoxifen did not. Electrophysiological measurements in hfNBMs revealed a depolarising effect caused by E2 that was specifically blocked by tamoxifen and not by G15. Conversely, G1 specifically hyperpolarised the cell membrane and also increased both inward and outward currents elicited by a depolarising stimulus, suggesting a modulatory action on hfNBM excitability by GPER1 activation. Interestingly, pretreating cells with TNFα completely blocked the effects of G1 on membrane properties and also significantly reduced GPER1 mRNA expression. In addition, we found a peculiar subcellular localisation of GPER1 to focal adhesion sites that implicates new possible mechanisms of action of GPER1 in the neuronal perception of mechanical stimuli. The results obtained in the present study indicate a modulatory functional role of GPER1 with respect to mediating the oestrogen neuroprotective effect against inflammation in brain cholinergic neurones and, accordingly, may help to identify protective strategies for preventing cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Sarchielli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Guarnieri
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Clinical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Comeglio
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquale Gallina
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Neurosurgery School of Tuscany, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella B Vannelli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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123
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Williamson TT, Zhu X, Pineros J, Ding B, Frisina RD. Understanding hormone and hormone therapies' impact on the auditory system. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1721-1730. [PMID: 32026519 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and aldosterone all demonstrate vital roles in sustaining auditory function through either the maintenance of cochlear neurons, up/down regulation of critical molecules (i.e., IGF-1, BDNF, etc.), or generation of the endocochlear potential. With disease and/or age, hormone expression begins to decline drastically, which ultimately affects cochlear structures and the integrity of cochlear cells. The following review explores the latest findings as well as realistic outcomes for hormone therapy treatment in the auditory system. This information could serve as a potential guide for patients considering hormone therapy as a medicinal choice to alleviate the signs of onset of presbycusis-age-related hearing loss. Additional scientific investigations could also be carried out to further enhance recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanika T Williamson
- Department of Medical Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Medical Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer Pineros
- Department of Medical Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Department of Medical Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Global Center for Hearing & Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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124
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Ishunina TA, Bogolepova IN, Swaab DF. Increased Neuronal Nuclear and Perikaryal Size in the Medial Mamillary Nucleus of Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Relation to Nuclear Estrogen Receptor α. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2020; 47:274-280. [PMID: 31319413 DOI: 10.1159/000500244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamic medial mamillary (MMN) and the tuberomamillary (TMN) nuclei are important hubs in memory circuits. Previous studies determining the neuronal Golgi complex size showed decreased metabolic activity of the TMN neurons in both Alzhei-mer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), and no obvious decline in the MMN of these patients. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aimed at determining whether other morphometric parameters that are informative about the neuronal metabolic activity are changed in the MMN of AD and VD patients and whether they can be related to the expression of the nuclear estrogen receptor α (ERα) that can mediate neurotrophic effects of estrogens in the brain. METHOD The size of neuronal nuclei and perikarya was determined in AD, VD, and nondemented control patients, in relation to the expression of the nuclear ERα. RESULTS We found that neuronal nuclear and perikaryal sizes were significantly larger in the MMN in VD than in control patients (p < 0.01). Neuronal nuclei (p < 0.05), but not perikarya were larger in AD than in control patients. Neuronal nuclei and perikarya were larger if nuclear ERα staining was present. The intensity of ERα in the neuronal nuclei was significantly correlated with both nuclear and perikaryal sizes (p < 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The human MMN shows a remarkable activation in aging and extra activation in dementias (AD and VD) that may be mediated by nuclear ERα. This makes it so far a unique brain area to study compensatory mechanisms that may prevent neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana A Ishunina
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Cytology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation, .,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Irina N Bogolepova
- Department of Brain Research, Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Research Center of Neurology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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125
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Giatti S, Diviccaro S, Serafini MM, Caruso D, Garcia-Segura LM, Viviani B, Melcangi RC. Sex differences in steroid levels and steroidogenesis in the nervous system: Physiopathological role. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 56:100804. [PMID: 31689419 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system, in addition to be a target for steroid hormones, is the source of a variety of neuroactive steroids, which are synthesized and metabolized by neurons and glial cells. Recent evidence indicates that the expression of neurosteroidogenic proteins and enzymes and the levels of neuroactive steroids are different in the nervous system of males and females. We here summarized the state of the art of neuroactive steroids, particularly taking in consideration sex differences occurring in the synthesis and levels of these molecules. In addition, we discuss the consequences of sex differences in neurosteroidogenesis for the function of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions and the implications of neuroactive steroids and neurosteroidogenesis for the development of sex-specific therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Melania Maria Serafini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Viviani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto C Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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126
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Poletti S, Melloni E, Mazza E, Vai B, Benedetti F. Gender-specific differences in white matter microstructure in healthy adults exposed to mild stress. Stress 2020; 23:116-124. [PMID: 31452451 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1657823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a powerful moderator of brain plasticity and may affect several physiological functions such as the endocrine and the immune system. The impact of stress can be protective or detrimental according to several factors such as level of the stressor and age of occurrence. Also, the impact may differ in males and females. We aim to analyze the effect of mild levels of early and recent stress on white matter microstructure in healthy volunteers. MRI acquisition of diffusion tensor images with a 3.0 T scanner was performed on 130 healthy subjects (71 males and 59 females). Severity of early and recent stress was rated, respectively, on the Risky Families Questionnaire and on the Schedule of Recent Experiences; subjects were divided into low stress and mild stress groups. Mild early stress associated with lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the cingulate gyrus compared to low early stress. Females reported reduced FA compared to males in the low-stress group in the internal capsule, posterior corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and sagittal stratum whereas no difference was observed in the mild stress group. An additive effect of early and recent stress was observed in posterior corona radiata, retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. The impact of early stress on WM microstructure in healthy subjects is different in males and females. While males seem to be more sensitive to early stress, an additive effect of early and recent stress manifests itself in females.Layman summaryMild levels of early stress associate with lower white matter integrity measured by fractional anisotropy.Females and males show differences in white matter integrity when exposed to low levels of early stress with females showing lower white matter integrity compared to males.No difference in white matter integrity was observed for males and females exposed to mild levels of stress.Mild stress in females is associated with higher white matter integrity.Males seem to be more sensitive to early stress while females are more affected when early stress is followed by stress in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Poletti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Melloni
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Mazza
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Vai
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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127
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Hammoud MZ, Foa EB, Milad MR. Oestradiol, threat conditioning and extinction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and prolonged exposure therapy: A common link. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12800. [PMID: 31595559 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The accumulating evidence regarding the impact of estradiol on learning and memory synergized studies to examine its influence on enhancing animal's ability to quell fear and anxiety. In this review, we first provide a foundational platform regarding the impact of oestradiol on cellular mechanisms of learning and memory and we review recent advances from rodent and human data showing that oestrogen enhances extinction learning across species. We then propose clinical application to these data. We discuss the potential role of oestradiol variance on the aetiology, maintenance and treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. Specifically, we argue that the use of oestradiol as an adjunct to prolonged exposure (PE) therapy for PTSD may provide a new treatment approach for enhancing the efficacy of PE in women with PTSD. This could advance our understanding of the mechanisms of PTSD and help tailor sex-specific treatments for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Z Hammoud
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edna B Foa
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohammed R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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128
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Çalışkan G, Raza SA, Demiray YE, Kul E, Sandhu KV, Stork O. Depletion of dietary phytoestrogens reduces hippocampal plasticity and contextual fear memory stability in adult male mouse. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:951-962. [PMID: 31814540 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1698826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Phytoestrogens are non-steroidal estrogen analogues and are found primarily in soy products. They have received increasing attention as dietary supplements for estrogen deficiency and as modulators of endogenous estrogen functions, including cognition and emotion. In addition to modifying the levels of circulating sex hormones, phytoestrogens also exert direct effects on estrogen and androgen receptors in the brain and thus effectively modulate the neural circuit functions.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of low phytoestrogen intake (∼6 weeks) on the hippocampal plasticity and hippocampus-dependent memory formation in the adult C57BL/6 male mice.Methods and Results: In comparison to mice on a diet with normal phytoestrogen content, mice on low phytoestrogen diet showed a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of NR2B subunit, a molecular correlate of plasticity in the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse. We observed a profound decrease in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the ventral hippocampus, whereas no effect on plasticity was evident in its dorsal portion. Furthermore, we demonstrated that acute perfusion of slices with an estrogen analogue equol, an isoflovane metabolized from daidzein produced by the bacterial flora in the gut, was able to rescue the observed LTP deficit. Examining potential behavioral correlates of the plasticity attenuation, we found that mice on phytoestrogen-free diet display decreased contextual fear memory at remote but not at recent time points after training.Conclusions: Our data suggests that nutritional phytoestrogens have profound effects on the plasticity in the ventral hippocampus and ventral hippocampus-dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürsel Çalışkan
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Syed Ahsan Raza
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yunus E Demiray
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emre Kul
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kiran V Sandhu
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Oliver Stork
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
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129
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Welsbie DS, Ziogas NK, Xu L, Kim BJ, Ge Y, Patel AK, Ryu J, Lehar M, Alexandris AS, Stewart N, Zack DJ, Koliatsos VE. Targeted disruption of dual leucine zipper kinase and leucine zipper kinase promotes neuronal survival in a model of diffuse traumatic brain injury. Mol Neurodegener 2019; 14:44. [PMID: 31775817 PMCID: PMC6882250 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of CNS neurodegeneration and has no disease-altering therapies. It is commonly associated with a specific type of biomechanical disruption of the axon called traumatic axonal injury (TAI), which often leads to axonal and sometimes perikaryal degeneration of CNS neurons. We have previously used genome-scale, arrayed RNA interference-based screens in primary mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to identify a pair of related kinases, dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) and leucine zipper kinase (LZK) that are key mediators of cell death in response to simple axotomy. Moreover, we showed that DLK and LZK are the major upstream triggers for JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling following total axonal transection. However, the degree to which DLK/LZK are involved in TAI/TBI is unknown. METHODS Here we used the impact acceleration (IA) model of diffuse TBI, which produces TAI in the visual system, and complementary genetic and pharmacologic approaches to disrupt DLK and LZK, and explored whether DLK and LZK play a role in RGC perikaryal and axonal degeneration in response to TAI. RESULTS Our findings show that the IA model activates DLK/JNK/JUN signaling but, in contrast to axotomy, many RGCs are able to recover from the injury and terminate the activation of the pathway. Moreover, while DLK disruption is sufficient to suppress JUN phosphorylation, combined DLK and LZK inhibition is required to prevent RGC cell death. Finally, we show that the FDA-approved protein kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, which has activity against DLK and LZK, is able to produce similar increases in RGC survival. CONCLUSION The mitogen-activated kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks), DLK and LZK, participate in cell death signaling of CNS neurons in response to TBI. Moreover, sustained pharmacologic inhibition of DLK is neuroprotective, an effect creating an opportunity to potentially translate these findings to patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Welsbie
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92037, USA. .,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Nikolaos K Ziogas
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Leyan Xu
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Byung-Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yusong Ge
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Amit K Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92037, USA
| | - Jiwon Ryu
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mohamed Lehar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Athanasios S Alexandris
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas Stewart
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Donald J Zack
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscienc, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Vassilis E Koliatsos
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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130
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Kelicen-Ugur P, Cincioğlu-Palabıyık M, Çelik H, Karahan H. Interactions of Aromatase and Seladin-1: A Neurosteroidogenic and Gender Perspective. Transl Neurosci 2019; 10:264-279. [PMID: 31737354 PMCID: PMC6843488 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2019-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase and seladin-1 are enzymes that have major roles in estrogen synthesis and are important in both brain physiology and pathology. Aromatase is the key enzyme that catalyzes estrogen biosynthesis from androgen precursors and regulates the brain’s neurosteroidogenic activity. Seladin-1 is the enzyme that catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, the precursor of all hormones, from desmosterol. Studies indicated that seladin-1 is a downstream mediator of the neuroprotective activity of estrogen. Recently, we also showed that there is an interaction between aromatase and seladin-1 in the brain. Therefore, the expression of local brain aromatase and seladin-1 is important, as they produce neuroactive steroids in the brain for the protection of neuronal damage. Increasing steroid biosynthesis specifically in the central nervous system (CNS) without affecting peripheral hormone levels may be possible by manipulating brain-specific promoters of steroidogenic enzymes. This review emphasizes that local estrogen, rather than plasma estrogen, may be responsible for estrogens’ protective effects in the brain. Therefore, the roles of aromatase and seladin-1 and their interactions in neurodegenerative events such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), ischemia/reperfusion injury (stroke), and epilepsy are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Kelicen-Ugur
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sıhhiye Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehtap Cincioğlu-Palabıyık
- Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (TITCK), Department of Regulatory Affairs, Division of Pharmacological Assessment, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hande Çelik
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sıhhiye Ankara Turkey
| | - Hande Karahan
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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131
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Ariyani W, Miyazaki W, Koibuchi N. A Novel Mechanism of S-equol Action in Neurons and Astrocytes: The Possible Involvement of GPR30/GPER1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205178. [PMID: 31635400 PMCID: PMC6829462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
S-equol is a major bacterial metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein. It is known to be a phytoestrogen that acts by binding to the nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) that are expressed in various brain regions, including the cerebellum. However, the effects of S-equol on cerebellar development and function have not yet been extensively studied. In this study, the effects of S-equol were evaluated using a mouse primary cerebellar culture, Neuro-2A clonal cells, and an astrocyte-enriched culture. S-equol augmented the dendrite arborization of Purkinje cells induced by triiodothyronine (T3) and the neurite growth of Neuro-2A cell differentiation. Such augmentation was suppressed by G15, a selective G-protein coupled ER (GPR30) antagonist, and ICI 182,780, an antagonist for ERs in both cultures. On the other hand, in astrocytes, S-equol induced cell proliferation and cell migration with an increase in the phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and F-actin rearrangements. Such effects were suppressed by G15, but not by ICI. These findings indicated that S-equol may enhanced cerebellar development by affecting both neurons and astrocytes through several signaling pathways, including GPR30 and ERs. We here report a novel mechanism of S-equol in cerebellar development that may provide a novel possibility to use S-equol supplementation during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winda Ariyani
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Wataru Miyazaki
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho Aomori, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Koibuchi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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132
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Neurosteroids and neuropathic pain management: Basic evidence and therapeutic perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 55:100795. [PMID: 31562849 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Complex mechanisms involved in neuropathic pain that represents a major health concern make its management complicated. Because neurosteroids are bioactive steroids endogenously synthesized in the nervous system, including in pain pathways, they appear relevant to develop effective treatments against neuropathic pain. Neurosteroids act in paracrine or autocrine manner through genomic mechanisms and/or via membrane receptors of neurotransmitters that pivotally modulate pain sensation. Basic studies which uncovered a direct link between neuropathic pain symptoms and endogenous neurosteroid production/regulation, paved the way for the investigations of neurosteroid therapeutic potential against pathological pain. Concordantly, antinociceptive properties of synthetic neurosteroids were evidenced in humans and animals. Neurosteroids promote peripheral analgesia mediated by T-type calcium and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A channels, counteract chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain and ameliorate neuropathic symptoms of injured spinal cord animals by stimulating anti-inflammatory, remyelinating and neuroprotective processes. Together, these data open interesting perspectives for neurosteroid-based strategies to manage/alleviate efficiently neuropathic pain.
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133
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Azcoitia I, Barreto GE, Garcia-Segura LM. Molecular mechanisms and cellular events involved in the neuroprotective actions of estradiol. Analysis of sex differences. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 55:100787. [PMID: 31513774 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol, either from peripheral or central origin, activates multiple molecular neuroprotective and neuroreparative responses that, being mediated by estrogen receptors or by estrogen receptor independent mechanisms, are initiated at the membrane, the cytoplasm or the cell nucleus of neural cells. Estrogen-dependent signaling regulates a variety of cellular events, such as intracellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial respiratory capacity, ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential, autophagy and apoptosis. In turn, these molecular and cellular actions of estradiol are integrated by neurons and non-neuronal cells to generate different tissue protective responses, decreasing blood-brain barrier permeability, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity and promoting synaptic plasticity, axonal growth, neurogenesis, remyelination and neuroregeneration. Recent findings indicate that the neuroprotective and neuroreparative actions of estradiol are different in males and females and further research is necessary to fully elucidate the causes for this sex difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Azcoitia
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludables (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Luis M Garcia-Segura
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludables (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.
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134
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Santi A, Genis L, Torres Aleman I. A Coordinated Action of Blood-Borne and Brain Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in the Response to Traumatic Brain Injury. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:2007-2014. [PMID: 28449086 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to injury, the brain produces different neuroprotective molecules, such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). However, IGF-I is also taken up by the brain from the circulation in response to physiological stimuli. Herein, we analyzed in mice the relative contribution of circulating and locally produced IGF-I to increased brain IGF-I levels after insult. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induced by a controlled impact resulted in increased IGF-I levels in the vicinity of the lesion, but mice with low serum IGF-I showed significantly lower increases. Indeed, in normal mice, peripheral IGF-I accumulated at the lesion site after injury, and at the same time serum IGF-I levels decreased. Collectively, these data suggest that serum IGF-I enter into the brain after TBI and contributes to increased brain IGF-I levels at the injury site. This connection between central and circulating IGF-I provides an amenable route for treatment, as subcutaneous administration of IGF-I to TBI mice led to functional recovery. These latter results add further support to the use of systemic IGF-I or its mimetics for treatment of brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santi
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avda Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.,Ciberned, C/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Genis
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avda Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.,Ciberned, C/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Torres Aleman
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avda Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.,Ciberned, C/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
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135
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Arbo B, Ribeiro M, Garcia-Segura L. Development of new treatments for Alzheimer's disease based on the modulation of translocator protein (TSPO). Ageing Res Rev 2019; 54:100943. [PMID: 31430564 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy of the world population is associated with a higher prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting currently 43 million people over the world. To date, most of the pharmacological interventions in AD are intended for the alleviation of some of its symptoms, and there are no effective treatments to inhibit the progression of the disease. Translocator protein (TSPO) is present in contact points between the outer and the inner mitochondrial membranes and is involved in the control of steroidogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis. In the last decade, studies have shown that TSPO ligands present neuroprotective effects in different experimental models of AD, both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this review is to analyze the data provided by these studies and to discuss if TSPO could be a viable therapeutic target for the development of new treatments for AD.
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136
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do Nascimento EB, Dierschnabel AL, de Macêdo Medeiros A, Suchecki D, Silva RH, Ribeiro AM. Memory impairment induced by different types of prolonged stress is dependent on the phase of the estrous cycle in female rats. Horm Behav 2019; 115:104563. [PMID: 31377100 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.104563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that estrogen and corticosterone (CORT) impact on cognition and emotion. On the one hand, ovarian hormones may have beneficial effects on several neurophysiological processes, including memory. On the other hand, chronic exposure to stressful conditions has negative effects on brain structures related to learning and memory. In the present study, we used the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PMDAT) to evaluate the influence of endogenous variations of sex hormones and exposure to different types of prolonged stressors on learning, memory, anxiety-like behavior and locomotion. Female Wistar rats were submitted to seven consecutive days of restraint stress (4 h/day), overcrowding (18 h/day) or social isolation (18 h/day) and tested in different phases of the estrous cycle. The main results showed that: (1) neither stress conditions nor estrous cycle modified PMDAT acquisition; (2) restraint stress and social isolation induced memory impairments; (3) this impairment was observed particularly in females in metestrus/diestrus; (4) stressed females in estrus displayed less risk assessment behavior, suggesting reduced anxiety-like behavior; (5) restraint stress and social isolation, but not overcrowding, elevated corticosterone levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that the phase of the estrous cycle is an important modulatory factor of the cognitive processing disrupted by stress in female rats. Negative effects were observed in metestrus/diestrus, indicating that the peak of sex hormones may protect females against stress-induced memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Batista do Nascimento
- Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Teixeira de Freitas, BA, Brazil; Memory Studies Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aline Lima Dierschnabel
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - André de Macêdo Medeiros
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Deborah Suchecki
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Regina Helena Silva
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mussi Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Bioprospecting of Natural Products, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil.
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137
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Blommaert J, Schroyen G, Vandenbulcke M, Radwan A, Smeets A, Peeters R, Sleurs C, Neven P, Wildiers H, Amant F, Sunaert S, Deprez S. Age-dependent brain volume and neuropsychological changes after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4994-5010. [PMID: 31436005 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated volumetric brain changes and cognitive performance in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients treated for early-stage breast cancer. Participants underwent elaborate neurocognitive assessments (neuropsychological testing, cognitive failure questionnaire, and high-resolution T1-weighted structural MRI) before and after chemotherapy. Volumetric brain changes were estimated, using longitudinal deformation-based morphometry, and correlated with cognitive changes. In total, 180 women participated in this study, of whom 72 patients with breast cancer had received adjuvant chemotherapy (C+), 49 patients did not receive chemotherapy (C-), and 59 healthy controls (HC). The population was categorized into two age groups: A young group who were premenopausal and younger than 52 years at baseline (n = 55C+/32C-/41HC), and an older group who were postmenopausal and older than 60 years (n = 17C+/17C-/18HC). Cognitive impairment occurred after chemotherapy in both young and older patients, although older patients showed more decline in processing speed (Trail making test b). White matter volume expansion was observed after chemotherapy, only significantly present in the younger subgroup of patients. In patients not treated with chemotherapy, diffuse gray and white matter volume reduction was observed. Less white matter expansion concurred with more cognitive decline (r > .349, p < .05). In conclusion, we found age-dependent cognitive decline and white matter volume changes in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy, which could possibly be linked to neuroinflammatory processes. White matter expansion after chemotherapy, more pronounced in premenopausal patients, correlated with less cognitive decline. This suggests such expansion to be age-dependent, possibly caused by a protective response in the younger brain to chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gwen Schroyen
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Radwan
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ron Peeters
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Gynaecologic Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Center for Gynaecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Center for Gynaecologic Oncology, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Deprez
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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138
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Khan M, Ullah R, Rehman SU, Shah SA, Saeed K, Muhammad T, Park HY, Jo MH, Choe K, Rutten BPF, Kim MO. 17β-Estradiol Modulates SIRT1 and Halts Oxidative Stress-Mediated Cognitive Impairment in a Male Aging Mouse Model. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080928. [PMID: 31430865 PMCID: PMC6721687 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered the main mediator in neurodegenerative disease and in normal aging processes. Several studies have reported that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation result in cellular malfunction. These conditions lead to neuronal cell death in aging-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease. Chronic administration of d-galactose (d-gal) for a period of 10 weeks causes ROS generation and neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to cognitive impairment. In this study, we evaluated the estrogen receptor α (ERα)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)-dependent antioxidant efficacy of 17β-estradiol against d-gal-induced oxidative damage-mediated cognitive dysfunction in a male mouse model. The results indicate that 17β-estradiol, by stimulating ERα/SIRT1, halts d-gal-induced oxidative stress–mediated JNK/NF-ҡB overexpression, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, 17β-estradiol ameliorated d-gal-induced AD-like pathophysiology, synaptic dysfunction and memory impairment in adult mouse brains. Interestingly, inhibition of SIRT1 with Ex527 (a potent and selective SIRT1 inhibitor) further enhanced d-gal-induced toxicity and abolished the beneficial effect of 17β-estradiol. Most importantly, for the first time, our molecular docking study reveals that 17β-estradiol allosterically increases the expression of SIRT1 and abolishes the inhibitory potential of d-ga. In summary, we can conclude that 17β-estradiol, in an ERα/SIRT1-dependent manner, abrogates d-gal-induced oxidative stress–mediated memory impairment, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Khan
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Kamran Saeed
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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139
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Burguete MC, Jover-Mengual T, López-Morales MA, Aliena-Valero A, Jorques M, Torregrosa G, Alborch E, Castelló-Ruiz M, Salom JB. The selective oestrogen receptor modulator, bazedoxifene, mimics the neuroprotective effect of 17β-oestradiol in diabetic ischaemic stroke by modulating oestrogen receptor expression and the MAPK/ERK1/2 signalling pathway. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12751. [PMID: 31127971 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Because neuroprotection in stroke should be revisited in the era of recanalisation, the present study analysed the potential neuroprotective effect of the selective oestrogen receptor modulator, bazedoxifene acetate (BZA), in an animal model of diabetic ischaemic stroke that mimics thrombectomy combined with adjuvant administration of a putative neuroprotectant. Four weeks after induction of diabetes (40 mg kg-1 streptozotocin, i.p.), male Wistar rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (intraluminal thread technique, 60 minutes) and assigned to one of three groups treated with either: vehicle, BZA (3 mg kg-1 day-1 , i.p.) or 17β-oestradiol (E2 ) (100 μg kg-1 day-1 , i.p.). At 24 hours post-ischaemia-reperfusion, brain damage (neurofunctional score, infarct size and apoptosis), expression of oestrogen receptors (ER)α, ERβ and G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor), and activity of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK)1/2 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathways were analysed. At 24 hours after the ischaemic insult, both BZA- and E2 -treated animals showed lower brain damage in terms of improved neurofunctional condition, decreased infarct size and decreased apoptotic cell death. Ischaemia-reperfusion induced a significant decrease in ERα and ERβ expression without affecting that of G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, whereas BZA and E2 reversed such a decrease. The ischaemic insult up-regulated the activity of both the MAPK/ERK1/2 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathways; BZA and E2 attenuated the increased activity of the ERK1/2 pathway, without affecting that of the Akt pathway. The results of the present study lend further support to the consideration of BZA as an effective and safer alternative overcoming the drawbacks of E2 with respect to improving diabetic ischaemic stroke outcome after successful reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Burguete
- Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jover-Mengual
- Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mikahela A López-Morales
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Aliena-Valero
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Jorques
- Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Germán Torregrosa
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Alborch
- Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Castelló-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan B Salom
- Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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140
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Smeeth DM, Dima D, Jones L, Jones I, Craddock N, Owen MJ, Rietschel M, Maier W, Korszun A, Rice JP, Mors O, Preisig M, Uher R, Lewis CM, Thuret S, Powell TR. Polygenic risk for circulating reproductive hormone levels and their influence on hippocampal volume and depression susceptibility. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:284-292. [PMID: 31039525 PMCID: PMC6597945 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Altered reproductive hormone levels have been associated with the pathophysiology of depressive disorders and this risk may be imparted by their modulatory effect upon hippocampal structure and function. Currently it is unclear whether altered levels of reproductive hormones are causally associated with hippocampal volume reductions and the risk of depressive disorders. Here, we utilize genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from a GWAS focusing on reproductive hormones, consisting of 2913 individuals. Using this data, we generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for estradiol, progesterone, prolactin and testosterone in the European RADIANT cohort consisting of 176 postpartum depression (PPD) cases (100% female, mean age: 41.6 years old), 2772 major depressive disorder (MDD) cases (68.6% female, mean age: 46.9 years old) and 1588 control participants (62.5% female, mean age: 42.4 years old), for which there was also a neuroimaging subset of 111 individuals (60.4% female, mean age: 50.0 years old). Only the best-fit PRS for estradiol showed a significant negative association with hippocampal volume, as well as many of its individual subfields; including the molecular layer and granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1, CA2/3 and CA4 regions. Interestingly, several of these subfields are implicated in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. When we tested the same estradiol PRS for association with case-control status for PPD or MDD there was no significant relationship observed. Here, we provide evidence that genetic risk for higher plasma estradiol is negatively associated with hippocampal volume, but this does not translate into an increased risk of MDD or PPD. This work suggests that the relationship between reproductive hormones, the hippocampus, and depression is complex, and that there may not be a clear-cut pathway for etiology or risk moderation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demelza M Smeeth
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK; Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lisa Jones
- Institute of Health & Society, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - Ian Jones
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nick Craddock
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Division of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ania Korszun
- Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John P Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Martin Preisig
- University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy R Powell
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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141
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Kim T, Chelluboina B, Chokkalla AK, Vemuganti R. Age and sex differences in the pathophysiology of acute CNS injury. Neurochem Int 2019; 127:22-28. [PMID: 30654116 PMCID: PMC6579702 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the immeasurable burden on patients and families, no effective therapies to protect the CNS after an acute injury are available yet. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms that promote neuronal death and functional deficits after injury remain to be poorly understood. The prevalence, age of onset, pathophysiology, and symptomatology of many CNS insults differ significantly between males and females. In the case of stroke, younger males tend to show a higher risk than younger females, while this trend reverses with age. Accumulating evidence from preclinical studies have shown that sex hormones play a crucial role in providing neuroprotection following ischemic stroke and other acute CNS injuries. Estrogen, in particular, exerts a neuroprotective effect by modulating the immune responses after injury. In addition, there exists a sexual dimorphism in cell death pathways between males and females that are independent of hormones. Meanwhile, recent studies suggest that microRNAs are critically involved in the sex-specific mechanisms of cell death. This review discusses the current knowledge on the contribution of sex and age to outcome after stroke. Implication of the interplay between these two factors on other CNS injuries (spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury) from the experimental evidence were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeHee Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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142
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Ramesh SS, Christopher R, Indira Devi B, Bhat DI. The vascular protective role of oestradiol: a focus on postmenopausal oestradiol deficiency and aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1897-1917. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi S. Ramesh
- Department of NeurochemistryNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Bengaluru‐560029 Karnataka India
| | - Rita Christopher
- Department of NeurochemistryNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Bengaluru‐560029 Karnataka India
| | - Bhagavatula Indira Devi
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Bengaluru‐560029 Karnataka India
| | - Dhananjaya I. Bhat
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Bengaluru‐560029 Karnataka India
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143
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Mattina GF, Van Lieshout RJ, Steiner M. Inflammation, depression and cardiovascular disease in women: the role of the immune system across critical reproductive events. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 13:1753944719851950. [PMID: 31144599 PMCID: PMC6545651 DOI: 10.1177/1753944719851950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are at increased risk for developing depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) across the lifespan and their comorbidity is associated with adverse outcomes that contribute significantly to rates of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Immune-system activity has been implicated in the etiology of both depression and CVD, but it is unclear how inflammation contributes to sex differences in this comorbidity. This narrative review provides an updated synthesis of research examining the association of inflammation with depression and CVD, and their comorbidity in women. Recent research provides evidence of pro-inflammatory states and sex differences associated with alterations in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and the serotonin/kynurenine pathway, that likely contribute to the development of depression and CVD. Changes to inflammatory cytokines in relation to reproductive periods of hormonal fluctuation (i.e. the menstrual cycle, perinatal period and menopause) are highlighted and provide a greater understanding of the unique vulnerability women experience in developing both depressed mood and adverse cardiovascular events. Inflammatory biomarkers hold substantial promise when combined with a patient’s reproductive and mental health history to aid in the prediction, identification and treatment of the women most at risk for CVD and depression. However, more research is needed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammation in relation to their comorbidity, and how these findings can be translated to improve women’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella F Mattina
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Meir Steiner
- Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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144
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Liou KT, Ahles TA, Garland SN, Li QS, Bao T, Li Y, Root JC, Mao JJ. The Relationship Between Insomnia and Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2019; 3:pkz041. [PMID: 31355357 PMCID: PMC6640530 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-related cognitive impairment is an emerging public health burden. Growing research suggests that sleep disturbances contribute to poor cognition. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between insomnia and cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from a cohort study of postmenopausal women with stage 0–III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer on aromatase inhibitor therapy. The study was conducted between November 2011 and April 2015 at an academic cancer center (Philadelphia, PA). Insomnia was assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index. Perceived cognitive impairment was assessed with the cognitive subscale of the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial Symptom Checklist. We used linear regression to evaluate the association between insomnia and perceived cognitive impairment. Results Among 1072 patients, 556 (51.9%) reported insomnia and 847 (79.0%) were bothered by cognitive symptoms (forgetfulness, difficulty concentrating, distractibility). Greater perceived cognitive impairment was reported by patients with mild insomnia (regression coefficient [β] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23 to 0.46, P < .001), moderate insomnia (β = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.36 to 0.65, P < .001), and severe insomnia (β = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.67 to 1.21, P < .001), compared with those without insomnia. Greater perceived cognitive impairment was also associated with patients younger than 55 years (β = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.45, P < .001), taxane-based chemotherapy (β = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.004 to 0.22, P = .04), anxiety (β = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.30 to 0.64, P < .001), and depression (β = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.94, P < .001). Conclusions Among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy, insomnia and cognitive impairment are prevalent and characterized by a graded association, in which severity of perceived cognitive impairment increases as insomnia severity increases. Our findings warrant further research to determine whether addressing sleep is a strategy to improve management of cancer-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Liou
- Integrative Medicine Service
- Correspondence to: Jun J. Mao, MD, MSCE, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Bendheim Integrative Medicine Center, 1429 First Ave, New York, NY 10021 (e-mail: )
| | - Tim A Ahles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Sheila N Garland
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | | | - Ting Bao
- Integrative Medicine Service
- Breast Medicine Service
| | - Yuelin Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - James C Root
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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145
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Wang H, Zong Q, Wang S, Zhao C, Wu S, Bao W. Genome-Wide DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Analysis of Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells upon Deoxynivalenol Exposure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6423-6431. [PMID: 31013075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type of mycotoxin that is disruptive to intestinal and immune systems. To better understand the molecular effects of DON exposure, we performed genome-wide comparisons of DNA methylation and gene expression from porcine intestinal epithelial cell IPEC-J2 upon DON exposure using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq technologies. We characterized the methylation pattern changes and found 3030 differentially methylated regions. Moreover, 3226 genes showing differential expression were enriched in pathways of protein and nucleic acid synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. Integrative analysis identified 29 genes showing inverse correlations between promoter methylation and expression. Altered DNA methylation and expression of various genes suggested their roles and potential functional interactions upon DON exposure. Our data provided new insights into epigenetic and transcriptomic alterations of intestinal epithelial cells upon DON exposure and may advance the identification of biomarkers and drug targets for predicting and controlling the toxic effects of this common mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Qiufang Zong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Chengxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
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146
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Estrogenic Regulation of Neuroprotective and Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms: Implications for Depression and Cognition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11355-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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147
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Eldahshan W, Ishrat T, Pillai B, Sayed MA, Alwhaibi A, Fouda AY, Ergul A, Fagan SC. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation with compound 21 improves neurological function after stroke in female rats: a pilot study. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1192-H1201. [PMID: 30822121 PMCID: PMC6580399 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00446.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, compound 21 (C21), has been shown to be neurovascularly protective after ischemic stroke in male rats. In the current study, we aim to study the impact of C21 treatment on female rats. Young female Wistar rats were subjected to different durations of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) (3 h, 2 h, and 1 h) using a silicone-coated monofilament, treated at reperfusion with 0.03 mg/kg ip of C21 and followed up for different times (1, 3, and 14 days) after stroke. Behavioral tests were performed (Bederson, paw grasp, beam walk, and rotarod), and animals were euthanized for infarct size analysis and Western blot analysis. In vitro, primary male and female brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) were grown in culture, and the expression of the AT2R was compared between males and females. At 1 day, C21 treatment resulted in an improvement in Bederson scores. However, at 3 days and 14 days, the impact of C21 on stroke outcomes was less robust. In vitro, the expression of the AT2R was significantly higher in female ECs compared with male ECs. In conclusion, C21 improves Bederson scores after stroke in female rats when administered early at reperfusion. The ability of C21 to exert its neuroprotective effects might be affected by fluctuating levels of female hormones. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study shows the neuroprotective impact of C21 on ischemic stroke in female rats and how the protective effects of C21 can be influenced by the hormonal status of female rodents.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/blood supply
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/physiopathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnosis
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/physiopathology
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/psychology
- Male
- Microvessels/drug effects
- Microvessels/metabolism
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology
- PPAR gamma/agonists
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Pilot Projects
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/agonists
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Recovery of Function
- Sex Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Thiophenes/pharmacology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Eldahshan
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Bindu Pillai
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Mohammed A Sayed
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Abdelrahman Y Fouda
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Adviye Ergul
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Susan C Fagan
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy , Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Neurology, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
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148
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Ahmad MH, Fatima M, Mondal AC. Role of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and Insulin Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Neuropsychobiology 2019; 77:197-205. [PMID: 30605907 DOI: 10.1159/000495521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the commonest progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, is clinically characterized by the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Recent studies suggest a relationship between the endocrinal dysregulation and the neuronal loss during the AD pathology. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis regulating circulating levels of glucocorticoid hormones has been implicated in the pathophysiology of AD. Likewise, dysregulated insulin signaling, impaired glucose uptake and insulin resistance are some of the prime factors in the onset/progression of AD. In this review, we have discussed the changes in HPA and HPG axes, implicated insulin resistance/signaling and glucose regulation during the onset/progression of AD. Therefore, simultaneous detection of these endocrinal markers in the early or presymptomatic stages may help in the early diagnosis of AD. This evidence for implicated endocrinal functions supports the fact that modulation of endocrinal pathways can be used as therapeutic targets for AD. Future studies need to determine how the induction or inhibition of endocrinal targets could be used for predictable neuroprotection in AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Hilal Ahmad
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahino Fatima
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
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149
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González-Giraldo Y, Forero DA, Echeverria V, Garcia-Segura LM, Barreto GE. Tibolone attenuates inflammatory response by palmitic acid and preserves mitochondrial membrane potential in astrocytic cells through estrogen receptor beta. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 486:65-78. [PMID: 30822454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA) induces several metabolic and molecular changes in astrocytes, and, it is involved in pathological conditions related to neurodegenerative diseases. Previously, we demonstrated that tibolone, a synthetic steroid with estrogenic, progestogenic and androgenic actions, protects cells from mitochondrial damage and morphological changes induced by PA. Here, we have evaluated which estrogen receptor is involved in protective actions of tibolone and analyzed whether tibolone reverses gene expression changes induced by PA. Tibolone actions on astrocytic cells were mimicked by agonists of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), but the blockade of both ERs suggested a predominance of ERβ on mitochondria membrane potential. Expression analysis showed a significant effect of tibolone on genes associated with inflammation such as IL6, IL1B and miR155-3p. It is noteworthy that tibolone attenuated the increased expression of TERT, TERC and DNMT3B genes induced by palmitic acid. Our results suggest that tibolone has anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate pathways associated with DNA methylation and telomeric complex. However, future studies are needed to elucidate the role of epigenetic mechanisms and telomere-associated proteins on tibolone actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimy González-Giraldo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Diego A Forero
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile; Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
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150
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Fedotova JO. Vitamin D 3 treatment differentially affects anxiety-like behavior in the old ovariectomized female rats and old ovariectomized female rats treated with low dose of 17β-estradiol. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:49. [PMID: 30967121 PMCID: PMC6454671 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen deficiency effects on affective-related behavior are restricted to certain periods of age after ovary removal. Among other nutraceuticals, one of such «natural» substances for treatment of affective-related diseases could be vitamin D3. It is a great interest to evaluate the effects of repeated cholecalciferol administration on anxiety-related behavior in the old female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency. The present study was performed to determine the behavioral effects of cholecalciferol treatment at different doses as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol on anxiety-like behavior of the old (16-18 months) female rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. METHODS Vitamin D3 supplementation individually (as cholecalciferol at doses of 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or in co-administration with of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c.) were given to the old ovariectomized (OVX) rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. Anxiety-related state was tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark test (LDT), as well behavioral reactivity was registered in the open field test (OFT). Moreover, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the blood serum of these OVX rats treated with Vitamin D3 or Vitamin D3 plus 17β-E2 were measured. RESULTS The results of the present study indicated that Vitamin D3 supplementation at dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day decreased manifestations of anxiety-like profile in the old OVX rats. Treatment with Vitamin D3 (1.0 mg/kg/day) plus 17β-E2 in resulted in more profound anxiolytic-like effects the old OVX rats than effects of both drugs administered alone. Moreover, treatment with cholecalciferol (1.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in the old ovariectomized rats after ovariectomy at 12 weeks produced elevated estradiol and 25-OH-VD3 levels for these rats as compared to the old OVX females treated with oil solvent. CONCLUSIONS Using the preclinical study, chronic cholecalciferol, 17β-E2 and their combination treatment were shown to be effective for anxiety-like treatment in the old subjects with long-term estrogen deficiency.
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