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Sayyad N, Maji R, Omolo CA, Ganai AM, Ibrahim UH, Pathan TK, Devnarain N, Karpoormath R, Dhawan S, Obakachi VA, Merugu SR, Kayamba F, Mahlalela M, Govender T, Tzakos AG, Singh S. Development of niosomes for encapsulating captopril-quercetin prodrug to combat hypertension. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121191. [PMID: 34670120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel and effective anti-hypertensive agents are required to manage hypertension; therefore, we synthesised a novel antihypertensive drug from captopril and quercetin (cap-que) and explored its antihypertensive potential in a niosomal formulation via molecular hybridisation. The cap-que hybrid was synthesised, and its structure was characterised via NMR, FTIR, and HRMS. Niosomes were then loaded with cap-que using the thin-film hydration method. The particle size, polydispersity index, surface charge and drug entrapment efficiency (EE%) of the formulation were 418.8 ± 4.21 nm, 0.393 ± 0.063, 16.25 ± 0.21 mV, and 87.74 ± 2.82%, respectively. The drug release profile showed a sustained release of the active compound (43 ± 0.09%) from the niosomal formulation, compared to the parent drug (80.7 ± 4.68%), over 24 h. The cell viability study confirmed the biosafety of the formulation. The in vivo study in a rat model showed enhanced antihypertensive activity of the hybrid molecule and niosomal formulation which reduced systolic and diastolic pressure when compared to the individual, bare drugs. The findings of this study concluded that the antihypertensive potential of captopril can be enhanced by its hybridisation with quercetin, followed by niosomal nano drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Sayyad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Ruma Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; United States International University-Africa, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, P.O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ab Majeed Ganai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Usri H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tabasum Khan Pathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Vincent A Obakachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Srinivas Reddy Merugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Francis Kayamba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mavela Mahlalela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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102
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Asfiya R, Maiti B, Kamra M, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. Novel α-tocopherol-ferrocene conjugates for the specific delivery of transgenes in liver cancer cells under high serum conditions. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7636-7647. [PMID: 34676384 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00607j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutic genes to a specific organ has drawn significant research attention. Among the pool of various delivery vectors, cationic liposomes (non-viral) are potential candidates for delivering therapeutic genes due to their low immunogenic response. Here, we have developed novel ferrocene-conjugated cationic tocopheryl aggregates as non-viral vectors. These formulations can transfer a reporter gene (pGL3; encoded for luciferase protein) specifically to liver cancer cells (HepG2 and Huh7) instead of non-hepatic cancer cells, such as Caco-2 (human colon carcinoma) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. The transfection efficiency (TE) of the optimum liposomal formulation is more significant than commercially available Lipofectamine 2000 (L2K). Notably, it retains its TE under high serum conditions (up to 50% FBS). A coupled effect from conjugated ferrocene and tocopherol in the cationic liposomal formulation might be responsible for the cell-specific delivery and higher serum compatibility. Therefore, the present proposed delivery system may provide a platform for further progress in terms of developing hepatotropic gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat Asfiya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Bappa Maiti
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Mohini Kamra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Anjali Anoop Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. .,Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.,School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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103
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Teunissen AJP, Burnett ME, Prévot G, Klein ED, Bivona D, Mulder WJM. Embracing nanomaterials' interactions with the innate immune system. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1719. [PMID: 33847441 PMCID: PMC8511354 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has firmly established itself as a compelling avenue for treating disease. Although many clinically approved immunotherapeutics engage the adaptive immune system, therapeutically targeting the innate immune system remains much less explored. Nanomedicine offers a compelling opportunity for innate immune system engagement, as many nanomaterials inherently interact with myeloid cells (e.g., monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells) or can be functionalized to target their cell-surface receptors. Here, we provide a perspective on exploiting nanomaterials for innate immune system regulation. We focus on specific nanomaterial design parameters, including size, form, rigidity, charge, and surface decoration. Furthermore, we examine the potential of high-throughput screening and machine learning, while also providing recommendations for advancing the field. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham J. P. Teunissen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marianne E. Burnett
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Geoffrey Prévot
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emma D. Klein
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Bivona
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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104
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Subramaniam S, Joyce P, Thomas N, Prestidge CA. Bioinspired drug delivery strategies for repurposing conventional antibiotics against intracellular infections. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113948. [PMID: 34464665 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria have developed a wealth of strategies to avoid and resist the action of antibiotics, one of which involves pathogens invading and forming reservoirs within host cells. Due to the poor cell membrane permeability, stability and retention of conventional antibiotics, this renders current treatments largely ineffective, since achieving a therapeutically relevant antibiotic concentration at the site of intracellular infection is not possible. To overcome such challenges, current antibiotics are 'repurposed' via reformulation using micro- or nano-carrier systems that effectively encapsulate and deliver therapeutics across cellular membranes of infected cells. Bioinspired materials that imitate the uptake of biological particulates and release antibiotics in response to natural stimuli are recently explored to improve the targeting and specificity of this 'nanoantibiotic' approach. In this review, the mechanisms of internalization and survival of intracellular bacteria are elucidated, effectively accentuating the current treatment challenges for intracellular infections and the implications for repurposing conventional antibiotics. Key case studies of nanoantibiotics that have drawn inspiration from natural biological particles and cellular uptake pathways to effectively eradicate intracellular pathogens are detailed, clearly highlighting the rational for harnessing bioinspired drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhni Subramaniam
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Paul Joyce
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nicky Thomas
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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105
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Pellizzoni E, Şologan M, Daka M, Pengo P, Marson D, Posel Z, Franchi S, Bignardi L, Franchi P, Lucarini M, Posocco P, Pasquato L. Thiolate end-group regulates ligand arrangement, hydration and affinity for small compounds in monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1373-1381. [PMID: 34583042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the properties of monolayer protected gold nanoparticles (MPNPs) discloses unrevealed features stemming from collective properties of the ligands forming the monolayer and presents opportunities to design new materials. To date, the influence of ligand end-group size and capacity to form hydrogen bonds on structure and hydration of small MPNPs (<5 nm) has been poorly studied. Here, we show that both features determine ligands order, solvent accessibility, capacity to host hydrophobic compounds and interfacial properties of MPNPs. The polarity perceived by a radical probe and its binding constant with the monolayer investigated by electron spin resonance is rationalized by molecular dynamics simulations, which suggest that larger space-filling groups - trimethylammonium, zwitterionic and short polyethylene glycol - favor a radial organization of the thiolates, whereas smaller groups - as sulfonate - promote the formation of bundles. Zwitterionic ligands create a surface network of hydrogen bonds, which affects nanoparticle hydrophobicity and maximize the partition equilibrium constant of the probe. This study discloses the role of the chemistry of the end-group on monolayer features with effects that span from molecular- to nano-scale and opens the door to a shift in the conception of new MPNPs exploiting the end-group as a novel design motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pellizzoni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Maria Şologan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Mario Daka
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Domenico Marson
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Zbyšek Posel
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy); Department of Informatics, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University, 400 96 Ústínad Labem, (Czech Republic)
| | - Stefano Franchi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Luca Bignardi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy)
| | - Paola Franchi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, (Italy)
| | - Marco Lucarini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, (Italy).
| | - Paola Posocco
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy).
| | - Lucia Pasquato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, (Italy).
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106
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Comparison Study of Cytotoxicity of Bare and Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179529. [PMID: 34502438 PMCID: PMC8431566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a study of the cytotoxicity of bare and functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is presented. The functionalized ZnO NPs were obtained by various types of biological methods including microbiological (intra- and extracellular with Lactobacillus paracasei strain), phytochemical (Medicago sativa plant extract) and biochemical (ovalbumin from egg white protein) synthesis. As a control, the bare ZnO NPs gained by chemical synthesis (commercially available) were tested. The cytotoxicity was measured through the use of (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye as well as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays against murine fibroblast L929 and Caco-2 cell lines. As a complementary method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to assess the morphology of the tested cells after treatment with ZnO NPs. The microscopic data confirmed the occurrence of apoptotic blebbing and loss of membrane permeability after the administration of all ZnO NPs. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration during the cell lines’ exposure to ZnO NPs was measured fluorometrically. Additionally, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in the different light conditions, as well as the antioxidant activity of bare and functionalized ZnO NPs, is also reported. The addition of all types of tested ZnO NPs to methylene blue resulted in enhanced rates of photo-degradation in the presence of both types of irradiation, but the application of UV light resulted in higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs. Furthermore, bare (chemically synthetized) NPs have been recognized as the strongest photocatalysts. In the context of the obtained results, a mechanism underlying the toxicity of bio-ZnO NPs, including (a) the generation of reactive oxygen species and (b) the induction of apoptosis, is proposed.
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107
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Zhou XQ, Mytiliniou M, Hilgendorf J, Zeng Y, Papadopoulou P, Shao Y, Dominguez MP, Zhang L, Hesselberth MBS, Bos E, Siegler MA, Buda F, Brouwer AM, Kros A, Koning RI, Heinrich D, Bonnet S. Intracellular Dynamic Assembly of Deep-Red Emitting Supramolecular Nanostructures Based on the Pt…Pt Metallophilic Interaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008613. [PMID: 34338371 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many drug delivery systems end up in the lysosome because they are built from covalent or kinetically inert supramolecular bonds. To reach other organelles, nanoparticles hence need to either be made from a kinetically labile interaction that allows re-assembly of the nanoparticles inside the cell following endocytic uptake, or, be taken up by a mechanism that short-circuits the classical endocytosis pathway. In this work, the intracellular fate of nanorods that self-assemble via the Pt…Pt interaction of cyclometalated platinum(II) compounds, is studied. These deep-red emissive nanostructures (638 nm excitation, ≈700 nm emission) are stabilized by proteins in cell medium. Once in contact with cancer cells, they cross the cell membrane via dynamin- and clathrin-dependent endocytosis. However, time-dependent confocal colocalization and cellular electron microscopy demonstrate that they directly move to mitochondria without passing by the lysosomes. Altogether, this study suggests that Pt…Pt interaction is strong enough to generate emissive, aggregated nanoparticles inside cells, but labile enough to allow these nanostructures to reach the mitochondria without being trapped in the lysosomes. These findings open new venues to the development of bioimaging nanoplatforms based on the Pt…Pt interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Quan Zhou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Maria Mytiliniou
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Hilgendorf
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Ye Zeng
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Panagiota Papadopoulou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Yang Shao
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Paradiz Dominguez
- Molecular Photonics Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Netherlands
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Marcel B S Hesselberth
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Bos
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Francesco Buda
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- Molecular Photonics Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Netherlands
- Materials Department, Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Roman I Koning
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Doris Heinrich
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques, Rosenhof, 37308, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
- Faculty for Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
- Frauenhofer Attract 3DNanoCell, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333 CC, Netherlands
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108
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Dąbkowska M, Ulańczyk Z, Łuczkowska K, Rogińska D, Sobuś A, Wasilewska M, Olszewska M, Jakubowska K, Machaliński B. The role of the electrokinetic charge of neurotrophis-based nanocarriers: protein distribution, toxicity, and oxidative stress in in vitro setting. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:258. [PMID: 34454520 PMCID: PMC8399784 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The rational chemical design of nanoparticles can be readily controlled and optimized by quantitatively studying protein adsorption at variously charged polymer carriers, determining their fate in biological fluids. We manufactured brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -based electrostatic nanocomplexes with a different type of dendrimer core (anionic or cationic), encapsulated or not in polyethylene glycol (PEG), and studied their physicochemical properties and behavior in a biological setting. We investigated whether the electrokinetic charge of dendrimer core influences BDNF loading and desorption from the nanoparticle and serves as a determinant of nanoparticles’ behavior in in vitro setting, influencing mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and general nanoparticles’ cellular toxicity. Results We found that the electrokinetic charge of the dendrimer core influences nanoparticles in terms of BDNF release profile from their surfaces and their effect on cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell phenotype, and induction of oxidative stress. The electrostatic interaction of positively charged core of nanoparticles with cell membranes increases their cytotoxicity, as well as serious phenotype alterations compared to negatively charged nanoparticles core in neuron-like differentiated human neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, PEG adsorption at nanoparticles with negatively charged core presents a distinct decrease in metabolic cell activity. On the contrary, charge neutralization due to PEG adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles with positively charged core does not reduce their cytotoxicity, makes them less biocompatible with differentiated cells, and presumably shows non-specific toxicity. Conclusions The surface charge transformation after adsorption of protein or polyelectrolyte during nanocarriers formulation has an important role not only in designing nanomaterials with potent neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties but also in applying them in a cellular environment. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00984-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dąbkowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Zofia Ulańczyk
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Sobuś
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Wasilewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Maria Olszewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jakubowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
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109
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Voronovic E, Skripka A, Jarockyte G, Ger M, Kuciauskas D, Kaupinis A, Valius M, Rotomskis R, Vetrone F, Karabanovas V. Uptake of Upconverting Nanoparticles by Breast Cancer Cells: Surface Coating versus the Protein Corona. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39076-39087. [PMID: 34378375 PMCID: PMC8824430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorophores with multifunctional properties known as rare-earth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are promising candidates for bioimaging, therapy, and drug delivery. When applied in vivo, these nanoparticles (NPs) have to retain long blood-circulation time, bypass elimination by phagocytic cells, and successfully arrive at the target area. Usually, NPs in a biological medium are exposed to proteins, which form the so-called "protein corona" (PC) around the NPs and influence their targeted delivery and accumulation in cells and tissues. Different surface coatings change the PC size and composition, subsequently deciding the fate of the NPs. Thus, detailed studies on the PC are of utmost importance to determine the most suitable NP surface modification for biomedical use. When it comes to RENPs, these studies are particularly scarce. Here, we investigate the PC composition and its impact on the cellular uptake of citrate-, SiO2-, and phospholipid micelle-coated RENPs (LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+). We observed that the PC of citrate- and phospholipid-coated RENPs is relatively stable and similar in the adsorbed protein composition, while the PC of SiO2-coated RENPs is larger and highly dynamic. Moreover, biocompatibility, accumulation, and cytotoxicity of various RENPs in cancer cells have been evaluated. On the basis of the cellular imaging, supported by the inhibition studies, it was revealed that RENPs are internalized by endocytosis and that specific endocytic routes are PC composition dependent. Overall, these results are essential to fill the gaps in the fundamental understanding of the nano-biointeractions of RENPs, pertinent for their envisioned application in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Voronovic
- Biomedical
Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Life
Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius
Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio av. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Artiom Skripka
- Centre
Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université
du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Greta Jarockyte
- Biomedical
Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Life
Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marija Ger
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius
University, Sauletekio
av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Kuciauskas
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius
University, Sauletekio
av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Kaupinis
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius
University, Sauletekio
av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Valius
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius
University, Sauletekio
av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Biomedical
Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Biophotonics
Group of Laser Research Centre, Vilnius
University, Sauletekio
av. 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Centre
Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université
du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Biomedical
Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius
Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio av. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Abstract
Polysaccharide biomaterials have gained significant importance in the manufacture of nanoparticles used in colon-targeted drug delivery systems. These systems are a form of non-invasive oral therapy used in the treatment of various diseases. To achieve successful colonic delivery, the chemical, enzymatic and mucoadhesive barriers within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract must be analyzed. This will allow for the nanomaterials to cross these barriers and reach the colon. This review provides information on the development of nanoparticles made from various polysaccharides, which can overcome multiple barriers along the GI tract and affect encapsulation efficiency, drug protection, and release mechanisms upon arrival in the colon. Also, there is information disclosed about the size of the nanoparticles that are usually involved in the mechanisms of diffusion through the barriers in the GI tract, which may influence early drug degradation and release in the digestive tract.
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111
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Oligoarginine Peptide Conjugated to BSA Improves Cell Penetration of Gold Nanorods and Nanoprisms for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081204. [PMID: 34452165 PMCID: PMC8400532 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been shown to be outstanding tools for drug delivery and biomedical applications, mainly owing to their colloidal stability, surface chemistry, and photothermal properties. The biocompatibility and stability of nanoparticles can be improved by capping the nanoparticles with endogenous proteins, such as albumin. Notably, protein coating of nanoparticles can interfere with and decrease their cell penetration. Therefore, in the present study, we functionalized albumin with the r8 peptide (All-D, octaarginine) and used it for coating NIR-plasmonic anisotropic gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoprisms (AuNPrs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) were coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) previously functionalized using a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) with the r8 sequence (BSA-r8). The effect of the coated and r8-functionalized AuNPs on HeLa cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay, showing a low effect on cell viability after BSA coating. Moreover, the internalization of the nanostructures into HeLa cells was assessed by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, both nanoconstructs showed an improved internalization level after being capped with BSA-r8, in contrast to the BSA-functionalized control, suggesting the predominant role of CPP functionalization in cell internalization. Thus, our results validate both novel nanoconstructs as potential candidates to be coated by endogenous proteins and functionalized with a CPP to optimize cell internalization. In a further approach, coating AuNPs with CPP-functionalized BSA can broaden the possibilities for biomedical applications by combining their optical properties, biocompatibility, and cell-penetration abilities.
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112
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Mannosylated polylactic-co-glycolic acid (MN-PLGA) nanoparticles induce potent anti-tumor immunity in murine model of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111962. [PMID: 34358752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy is considered a novel and promising therapeutic strategy aimed at stimulating host immune responses against tumors. To this end, in the present study, mannan-decorated polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles containing tumor cell lysate (TCL) and poly riboinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) were used as antigen delivery systems to immunize breast tumor-bearing Balb/c mice. PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated employing a double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The formation of spherical and uniform nanoparticles (NPs) ranging 150-250 nm was detected by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Four nanoformulation were used to treat mice and vaccination-induced immunological responses. Tumor regression and overall survival rate were evaluated in four experimental groups. Tumor cell lysate and poly I:C loaded mannan-decorated nanoparticles (TCL-Poly I:C) NP-MN caused a significant decrease in tumor growth and 2- to 3-fold improvement in survival times of the treated mice. The NPs with or without mannan decoration elicited stronger responses in terms of lymphocyte proliferation, delayed-type hypersensitivity and CD107a expression. Moreover, our data indicated that the production of IFN-γ and IL-2 increased while the production of IL-4 and IL-10 decreased in splenocytes culture supernatants. In the pathological evaluations, we found that necrosis and immune cells infiltration rate in the tumor tissue of the treated mice was elevated, while tumor cellularity and lung metastases significantly decreased in particular in the group that received (TCL-Poly I:C) NP-MN. Altogether, our findings suggested that the mannan-decorated PLGA NPs antigen delivery system had significant anti-tumor effects against the murine model of breast cancer and it could be considered as a step forward to human breast cancer immunotherapy.
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113
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Hausig F, Sobotta FH, Richter F, Harz DO, Traeger A, Brendel JC. Correlation between Protonation of Tailor-Made Polypiperazines and Endosomal Escape for Cytosolic Protein Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35233-35247. [PMID: 34283557 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Responsive polymers, which become protonated at decreasing pH, are considered a milestone in the development of synthetic cell entry vectors. Exact correlations between their properties and their ability to escape the endosome, however, often remain elusive due to hydrophobic interactions or limitations in the design of water-soluble materials with suitable basicity. Here, we present a series of well-defined, hydrophilic polypiperazines, where systematic variation of the amino moiety facilitates an unprecedented fine-tuning of the basicity or pKa value within the physiologically relevant range (pH 6-7.4). Coincubation of HEK 293T cells with various probes, including small fluorophores or functioning proteins, revealed a rapid increase of endosomal release for polymers with pKa values above 6.5 or 7 in serum-free or serum-containing media, respectively. Similarly, cytotoxic effects became severe at increased pKa values (>7). Although the window for effective transport appears narrow, the discovered correlations offer a principal guideline for the design of effective polymers for endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hausig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dominic O Harz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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114
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Pozzi S, Scomparin A, Israeli Dangoor S, Rodriguez Ajamil D, Ofek P, Neufeld L, Krivitsky A, Vaskovich-Koubi D, Kleiner R, Dey P, Koshrovski-Michael S, Reisman N, Satchi-Fainaro R. Meet me halfway: Are in vitro 3D cancer models on the way to replace in vivo models for nanomedicine development? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113760. [PMID: 33838208 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The complexity and diversity of the biochemical processes that occur during tumorigenesis and metastasis are frequently over-simplified in the traditional in vitro cell cultures. Two-dimensional cultures limit researchers' experimental observations and frequently give rise to misleading and contradictory results. Therefore, in order to overcome the limitations of in vitro studies and bridge the translational gap to in vivo applications, 3D models of cancer were developed in the last decades. The three dimensions of the tumor, including its cellular and extracellular microenvironment, are recreated by combining co-cultures of cancer and stromal cells in 3D hydrogel-based growth factors-inclusive scaffolds. More complex 3D cultures, containing functional blood vasculature, can integrate in the system external stimuli (e.g. oxygen and nutrient deprivation, cytokines, growth factors) along with drugs, or other therapeutic compounds. In this scenario, cell signaling pathways, metastatic cascade steps, cell differentiation and self-renewal, tumor-microenvironment interactions, and precision and personalized medicine, are among the wide range of biological applications that can be studied. Here, we discuss a broad variety of strategies exploited by scientists to create in vitro 3D cancer models that resemble as much as possible the biology and patho-physiology of in vivo tumors and predict faithfully the treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Pozzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Anna Scomparin
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Sahar Israeli Dangoor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Daniel Rodriguez Ajamil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Paula Ofek
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Lena Neufeld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Adva Krivitsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Daniella Vaskovich-Koubi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ron Kleiner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Pradip Dey
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shani Koshrovski-Michael
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Noa Reisman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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115
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Czarnecka J, Kwiatkowski M, Wiśniewski M, Roszek K. Protein Corona Hinders N-CQDs Oxidative Potential and Favors Their Application as Nanobiocatalytic System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158136. [PMID: 34360901 PMCID: PMC8347256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative properties of nanomaterials arouse legitimate concerns about oxidative damage in biological systems. On the other hand, the undisputable benefits of nanomaterials promote them for biomedical applications; thus, the strategies to reduce oxidative potential are urgently needed. We aimed at analysis of nitrogen-containing carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) in terms of their biocompatibility and internalization by different cells. Surprisingly, N-CQD uptake does not contribute to the increased oxidative stress inside cells and lacks cytotoxic influence even at high concentrations, primarily through protein corona formation. We proved experimentally that the protein coating effectively limits the oxidative capacity of N-CQDs. Thus, N-CQDs served as an immobilization support for three different enzymes with the potential to be used as therapeutics. Various kinetic parameters of immobilized enzymes were analyzed. Regardless of the enzyme structure and type of reaction catalyzed, adsorption on the nanocarrier resulted in increased catalytic efficiency. The enzymatic-protein-to-nanomaterial ratio is the pivotal factor determining the course of kinetic parameter changes that can be tailored for enzyme application. We conclude that the above properties of N-CQDs make them an ideal support for enzymatic drugs required for multiple biomedical applications, including personalized medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (M.W.); (K.R.)
| | - Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Marek Wiśniewski
- Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (M.W.); (K.R.)
| | - Katarzyna Roszek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (M.W.); (K.R.)
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116
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Azevedo A, Farinha D, Geraldes C, Faneca H. Combining gene therapy with other therapeutic strategies and imaging agents for cancer theranostics. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120905. [PMID: 34293466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases in the world, to which conventional treatment options, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have been applied to overcome the disease or used in a palliative manner to enhance the quality of life of the patient. However, there is an urgent need to develop new preventive and treatment strategies to overcome the limitations of the commonly used approaches. The field of cancer nanomedicine, and more recently the field of nanotheranostics, where imaging and therapeutic agents are combined in a single platform, provide new opportunities for the treatment and the diagnosis of cancer. This combination could bring us closer to a more personalized and cared-for therapy, in opposition to the conventional and standardized approaches. Gene therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer that requires a transport system to efficiently deliver the genetic material into the target cells. Hence, the main purpose of this work was to review recent findings and developments regarding theranostic nanosystems that incorporate both gene therapy and imaging agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Azevedo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-393 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Farinha
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Geraldes
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-393 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga Largo D. Dinis, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Faneca
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Tieu T, Wei Y, Cifuentes‐Rius A, Voelcker NH. Overcoming Barriers: Clinical Translation of siRNA Nanomedicines. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence Tieu
- Parkville Campus 381 Royal Parade Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Bayview Avenue Clayton VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Yingkai Wei
- Parkville Campus 381 Royal Parade Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Anna Cifuentes‐Rius
- Parkville Campus 381 Royal Parade Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Parkville Campus 381 Royal Parade Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Bayview Avenue Clayton VIC 3168 Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication 151 Wellington Road Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility Clayton VIC 3168 Australia
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118
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Liu L, Xu K, Zhang B, Ye Y, Zhang Q, Jiang W. Cellular internalization and release of polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146523. [PMID: 34030247 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics can accumulate in organisms after being ingested, be transported in the food web, and ultimately threaten human health. An understanding of the cellular internalization and release of micro(nano)plastics is important to predict their cytotoxicity. In this study, 50 nm, 500 nm and 5 μm polystyrene particles (PS50, PS500 and PS5000) were exposed to both model cell membranes and rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. PS50 and PS500 absorb on the model membrane due to hydrophobic interactions and Van der Waals' forces, and may also penetrate the model membrane. PS50 and PS500 are internalized into living cells via both passive membrane penetration and active endocytosis. The passive membrane penetration is due to the partition of polystyrene particles in the water-phospholipid system. The endocytosis of PS50 occurs through the clathrin-mediated pathway, the caveolin-mediated pathway and macropinocytosis, but endocytosis of PS500 is mainly via the macropinocytosis. PS5000 cannot adhere to the cell membrane or be internalized into cells due to its large size and weak Brownian motion. The endocytosed PS50 and PS500 mainly accumulate in the lysosomes. The passively internalized PS50 and PS500 initially distribute in the cytoplasm not in lysosomes, but are transported to lysosomes with energy supply. PS50 and PS500 are excreted from cells via energy-free penetration and energy-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. The masses of the internalized PS50 inside the cells and the excreted PS50 outside the cells were both higher than the masses of PS500, indicating that the smaller particles are more easily enter or leave cells than do their larger counterparts. Our findings will contribute to the risk assessment of micro(nano)plastics and their safe application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiyuan Ye
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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119
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Kaur J, Jakhmola S, Singh RR, Joshi B, Jha HC, Joshi A. Ultrasonic Atomizer-Driven Development of Biocompatible and Biodegradable Poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide) Nanocarrier-Encapsulated Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid to Combat Brain Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5627-5637. [PMID: 35006730 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The path to the discovery of anticancer drugs and investigating their potential activity has remained a quest for several decades. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), also known as "Vorinostat", is a well-known histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) and has the potential to act as a therapeutic agent against tumorigenesis. Herein, we have fabricated SAHA incorporated into biocompatible and biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) using a facile method of ultrasonic atomization and evaluated their anticancer property. We have explored their characteristics using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release and have investigated their efficacy on U87 glioblastoma (GBM) cells. SAHA-PLGA NPs synthesized were of average mean size of 80 ± 23 and 105 ± 6.0 nm observed through cryo-field-emission gun SEM and HR-TEM with a polydispersity index of 0.068 and a ζ-potential value of -13.26 mV. The encapsulation efficiency was 53%, with a sustained in vitro release up to 48 h. The in vitro assessment of SAHA-PLGA NPs for their anticancer activity on U87 GBM cells showed cellular cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 19.91 μM. SAHA-PLGA NP-treated cells also showed suppression in migration with 8.77 μM concentration, and cell growth inhibition was observed in the wound scratch assay for up to 24 h. The cellular uptake studies have been utilized by time-dependent experiments, revealing their cellular internalization. Taking this into account, our present experimental findings indicate that SAHA-PLGA NPs could play a significant role in enhancing the effectiveness and bioavailability and reducing adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy. It also highlights the inherent potential of these biocompatible entities for chemotherapeutic applications in biomedical and pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Jakhmola
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Raj Singh
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavana Joshi
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijeet Joshi
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552 Madhya Pradesh, India
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120
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, Rizzello L, Manno DE, Di Guglielmo C, Rinaldi R. Synergistic Effect Induced by Gold Nanoparticles with Polyphenols Shell during Thermal Therapy: Macrophage Inflammatory Response and Cancer Cell Death Assessment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3610. [PMID: 34298823 PMCID: PMC8303381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-based cancer therapy has been heavily debated. The physico-chemical properties of AuNPs can be exploited in photothermal therapy, making them a powerful tool for selectively killing cancer cells. However, the synthetic side products and capping agents often induce a strong activation of the inflammatory pathways of macrophages, thus limiting their further applications in vivo. METHODS Here, we described a green method to obtain stable polyphenol-capped AuNPs (Au NPs@polyphenols), as polyphenols are known for their anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. These NPs were used in human macrophages to test key inflammation-related markers, such as NF-κB, TNF-α, and interleukins-6 and 8. The results were compared with similar NPs obtained by a traditional chemical route (without the polyphenol coating), proving the potential of Au NPs@polyphenols to strongly promote the shutdown of inflammation. This was useful in developing them for use as heat-synergized tools in the thermal treatment of two types of cancer cells, namely, breast cancer (MCF-7) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The cell viability, calcium release, oxidative stress, HSP-70 expression, mitochondrial, and DNA damage, as well as cytoskeleton alteration, were evaluated. RESULTS Our results clearly demonstrate that the combined strategy markedly exerts anticancer effects against the tested cancer cell, while neither of the single treatments (only heat or only NPs) induced significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Au NP@polyphenols may be powerful agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics (INGM), Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Daniela Erminia Manno
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Claudia Di Guglielmo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
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121
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Regulating the uptake of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide)-based micelles in cells cultured on micropatterned surfaces. Biointerphases 2021; 16:041002. [PMID: 34261325 DOI: 10.1116/6.0001012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular uptake of nanoparticles plays a crucial role in cell-targeted biomedical applications. Despite abundant studies trying to understand the interaction between nanoparticles and cells, the influence of cell geometry traits such as cell spreading area and cell shape on the uptake of nanoparticles remains unclear. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) is micropatterned on polystyrene cell culture plates using ultraviolet photolithography to control the spreading area and shape of individual cells. The effects of these factors on the cellular uptake of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide)-based micelles were investigated at a single-cell level. Human carcinoma MCF-7 and A549 cells as well as normal Hs-27 and MRC-5 fibroblasts were cultured on micropatterned surfaces. MCF-7 and A549 cells, both with larger sizes, had a higher total micelle uptake. However, the uptake of Hs-27 and MRC-5 cells decreased with increasing spreading area. In terms of cell shapes, MCF-7 and A549 cells with round shapes showed a higher micelle uptake, while those with a square shape had a lower cellular uptake. On the other hand, Hs-27 and MRC-5 cells showed opposite behaviors. The results indicate that the geometry of cells can influence the nanoparticle uptake and may shed light on the design of functional nanoparticles.
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122
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Aghamiri S, Raee P, Talaei S, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Bayat S, Rezaee D, Ghavidel AA, Teymouri A, Roshanzamiri S, Farhadi S, Ghanbarian H. Nonviral siRNA delivery systems for pancreatic cancer therapy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3669-3690. [PMID: 34170520 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The serious drawbacks of the conventional treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) such as nonspecific toxicity and high resistance to chemo and radiation therapy, have prompted the development and application of countless small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics. Recent advances in drug delivery systems hold great promise for improving siRNA-based therapeutics and developing a new class of drugs, known as nano-siRNA drugs. However, many fundamental questions, regarding toxicity, immunostimulation, and poor knowledge of nano-bio interactions, need to be addressed before clinical translation. In this review, we provide recent achievements in the design and development of various nonviral delivery vehicles for pancreatic cancer therapy. More importantly, codelivery of conventional anticancer drugs with siRNA as a new revolutionary pancreatic cancer combinational therapy is completely discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Talaei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Bayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delsuz Rezaee
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin A Ghavidel
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Teymouri
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Roshanzamiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell SciencesSchool of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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123
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Song Y, Elsabahy M, Collins CA, Khan S, Li R, Hreha TN, Shen Y, Lin YN, Letteri RA, Su L, Dong M, Zhang F, Hunstad DA, Wooley KL. Morphologic Design of Silver-Bearing Sugar-Based Polymer Nanoparticles for Uroepithelial Cell Binding and Antimicrobial Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4990-4998. [PMID: 34115938 PMCID: PMC8545462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-like and cylindrical nanostructures from sugar-based polymers are designed to mimic the aspect ratio of bacteria and achieve uroepithelial cell binding and internalization, thereby improving their potential for local treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. Polymer nanostructures, derived from amphiphilic block polymers composed of zwitterionic poly(d-glucose carbonate) and semicrystalline poly(l-lactide) segments, were constructed with morphologies that could be tuned to enhance uroepithelial cell binding. These nanoparticles exhibited negligible cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and cytokine adsorption, while also offering substantial silver cation loading capacity, extended release, and in vitro antimicrobial activity (as effective as free silver cations) against uropathogenic Escherichia coli. In comparison to spherical analogues, cylindrical and platelet-like nanostructures engaged in significantly higher association with uroepithelial cells, as measured by flow cytometry; despite their larger size, platelet-like nanostructures maintained the capacity for cell internalization. This work establishes initial evidence of degradable platelet-shaped nanostructures as versatile therapeutic carriers for treatment of epithelial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
- Science Academy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Christina A. Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Teri N. Hreha
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Yidan Shen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Yen-Nan Lin
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas 77807, USA
| | - Rachel A. Letteri
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Mei Dong
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - David A. Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
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124
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Qian G, Zhang L, Li X, Shuai C, Wang X. Construction of Fe 3O 4-Loaded Mesoporous Carbon Systems for Controlled Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5304-5311. [PMID: 35007011 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles as drug carriers can achieve precise drug target due to their magnetic property. However, they are easy to aggregate in the physiological environment, which obviously limits their application in drug delivery. The development of the Fe-MIL-88B-derived method to construct the Fe3O4-loaded mesoporous carbon (Fe3O4/carbon) system is a feasible strategy to solve the issue. First, iron atoms evenly distribute in the organic links through coordination bonds in Fe-MIL-88B. After the carbonization of Fe-MIL-88B, mesoporous carbon acts as a barrier to prevent the aggregation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Herein, Fe-MIL-88B particles were fabricated by the hydrothermal method and then pyrolyzed to construct Fe3O4/carbon systems. Results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles uniformly in situ grew on mesoporous carbon generated by the carbonization of organic components. More encouragingly, the Fe3O4/carbon system loaded with DOX demonstrated pH-responsive DOX release, efficient delivery of DOX into cancer cells, and significant cancer cell killing ability. Therefore, the Fe3O4/carbon systems prepared by the Fe-MIL-88B-derived method might open up a way for targeted and controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Qian
- Institute of Bioadditive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Lemin Zhang
- Institute of Bioadditive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xia Li
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Institute of Bioadditive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.,State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xiupeng Wang
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
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125
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Dutta K, Das R, Medeiros J, Kanjilal P, Thayumanavan S. Charge-Conversion Strategies for Nucleic Acid Delivery. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2011103. [PMID: 35832306 PMCID: PMC9275120 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202011103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acids are now considered as one of the most potent therapeutic modalities, as their roles go beyond storing genetic information and chemical energy or as signal transducer. Attenuation or expression of desired genes through nucleic acids have profound implications in gene therapy, gene editing and even in vaccine development for immunomodulation. Although nucleic acid therapeutics bring in overwhelming possibilities towards the development of molecular medicines, there are significant loopholes in designing and effective translation of these drugs into the clinic. One of the major pitfalls lies in the traditional design concepts for nucleic acid drug carriers, viz. cationic charge induced cytotoxicity in delivery pathway. Targeting this bottleneck, several pioneering research efforts have been devoted to design innovative carriers through charge-conversion approaches, whereby built-in functionalities convert from cationic to neutral or anionic, or even from anionic to cationic enabling the carrier to overcome several critical barriers for therapeutics delivery, such as serum deactivation, instability in circulation, low transfection and poor endosomal escape. This review will critically analyze various molecular designs of charge-converting nanocarriers in a classified approach for the successful delivery of nucleic acids. Accompanied by the narrative on recent clinical nucleic acid candidates, the review concludes with a discussion on the pitfalls and scope of these interesting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingshuk Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis 46268, United States
| | - Ritam Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jewel Medeiros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Pintu Kanjilal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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126
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Amend B, Harland N, Knoll J, Stenzl A, Aicher WK. Large Animal Models for Investigating Cell Therapies of Stress Urinary Incontinence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116092. [PMID: 34198749 PMCID: PMC8201285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a significant health concern for patients affected, impacting their quality of life severely. To investigate mechanisms contributing to SUI different animal models were developed. Incontinence was induced under defined conditions to explore the pathomechanisms involved, spontaneous recovery, or efficacy of therapies over time. The animal models were coined to mimic known SUI risk factors such as childbirth or surgical injury. However, animal models neither reflect the human situation completely nor the multiple mechanisms that ultimately contribute to the pathogenesis of SUI. In the past, most SUI animal studies took advantage of rodents or rabbits. Recent models present for instance transgenic rats developing severe obesity, to investigate metabolic interrelations between the disorder and incontinence. Using recombinant gene technologies, such as transgenic, gene knock-out or CRISPR-Cas animals may narrow the gap between the model and the clinical situation of patients. However, to investigate surgical regimens or cell therapies to improve or even cure SUI, large animal models such as pig, goat, dog and others provide several advantages. Among them, standard surgical instruments can be employed for minimally invasive transurethral diagnoses and therapies. We, therefore, focus in this review on large animal models of SUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Amend
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Niklas Harland
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Jasmin Knoll
- Center of Medical Research, Department of Urology at UKT, Eberhard-Karls-University, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Wilhelm K. Aicher
- Center of Medical Research, Department of Urology at UKT, Eberhard-Karls-University, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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127
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Nie JH, Shen Y, Roshdy M, Cheng X, Wang G, Yang X. Polystyrene nanoplastics exposure caused defective neural tube morphogenesis through caveolae-mediated endocytosis and faulty apoptosis. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:885-904. [PMID: 34087085 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1930228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence demonstrated that bioaccumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in various organisms including human beings caused destructive effects on health. Nanoplastics may adversely affect fetal development potentially since they can pass through the placental barrier. However, very little has been known about the embryonic toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics, especially in embryonic neurulation, the early developmental stage of the fetus, as well as the corresponding mechanisms. In this study, we first observed that 60- or 900-nm PS-NPs (especially 60-nm PS-NPs) could cross mouse placentas and affect developing mice fetuses. To avoid the indirect adverse effects derived from the restricted placenta, we employed early chick embryos as a developmental model to evaluate direct adverse effects of PS-NPs on embryo/fetal development, revealing suppressive effects on embryo development and an increased frequency of congenital abnormalities (especially in the nervous system), including neural tube defects. Thus, we focused on the potential negative effects of PS-NPs on neurulation, the earliest stage of nervous system development. Using caveolin-1 immunofluorescent staining of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to PS-NPs-GFP, we demonstrated that PS-NPs were internalized by SH-SY5Y cells via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Transmission electron microscopy; LC3B immunofluorescent staining; and Atg7, Atg5, p62 and LC3B western blot results revealed that autophagy was activated in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to PS-NPs. However, PS-NPs were not degraded by the autophagic-lysosomal system given the lack of LAMP1 changes and minimal PS-NPs-GFP and LAMP1 colocalization. Furthermore, the cytoplasmic accumulation of PS-NPs caused faulty apoptotic cell death in SH-SY5Y cells and the developing neural tube as revealed by c-caspase3 immunofluorescent staining. Thus, defective neural tube morphogenesis, as demonstrated by neural tube defects, occurred during embryogenesis in the context of PS-NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Nie
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Shen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mohamed Roshdy
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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128
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Rana MM. Polymer-based nano-therapies to combat COVID-19 related respiratory injury: progress, prospects, and challenges. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1219-1249. [PMID: 33787467 PMCID: PMC8054481 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1909412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The recent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has increased at an alarming rate, representing a substantial cause of mortality worldwide. Respiratory injuries are major COVID-19 related complications, leading to poor lung circulation, tissue scarring, and airway obstruction. Despite an in-depth investigation of respiratory injury's molecular pathogenesis, effective treatments have yet to be developed. Moreover, early detection of viral infection is required to halt the disease-related long-term complications, including respiratory injuries. The currently employed detection technique (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or qRT-PCR) failed to meet this need at some point because it is costly, time-consuming, and requires higher expertise and technical skills. Polymer-based nanobiosensing techniques can be employed to overcome these limitations. Polymeric nanomaterials have the potential for clinical applications due to their versatile features like low cytotoxicity, biodegradability, bioavailability, biocompatibility, and specific delivery at the targeted site of action. In recent years, innovative polymeric nanomedicine approaches have been developed to deliver therapeutic agents and support tissue growth for the inflamed organs, including the lung. This review highlights the most recent advances of polymer-based nanomedicine approaches in infectious disease diagnosis and treatments. This paper also focuses on the potential of novel nanomedicine techniques that may prove to be therapeutically efficient in fighting against COVID-19 related respiratory injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohosin Rana
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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129
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Garcia-Hernandez JD, Street STG, Kang Y, Zhang Y, Manners I. Cargo Encapsulation in Uniform, Length-Tunable Aqueous Nanofibers with a Coaxial Crystalline and Amorphous Core. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven T. G. Street
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yuetong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
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130
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Meena M, Zehra A, Swapnil P, Harish, Marwal A, Yadav G, Sonigra P. Endophytic Nanotechnology: An Approach to Study Scope and Potential Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:613343. [PMID: 34113600 PMCID: PMC8185355 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.613343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become a very advanced and popular form of technology with huge potentials. Nanotechnology has been very well explored in the fields of electronics, automobiles, construction, medicine, and cosmetics, but the exploration of nanotecnology's use in agriculture is still limited. Due to climate change, each year around 40% of crops face abiotic and biotic stress; with the global demand for food increasing, nanotechnology is seen as the best method to mitigate challenges in disease management in crops by reducing the use of chemical inputs such as herbicides, pesticides, and fungicides. The use of these toxic chemicals is potentially harmful to humans and the environment. Therefore, using NPs as fungicides/ bactericides or as nanofertilizers, due to their small size and high surface area with high reactivity, reduces the problems in plant disease management. There are several methods that have been used to synthesize NPs, such as physical and chemical methods. Specially, we need ecofriendly and nontoxic methods for the synthesis of NPs. Some biological organisms like plants, algae, yeast, bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi have emerged as superlative candidates for the biological synthesis of NPs (also considered as green synthesis). Among these biological methods, endophytic microorganisms have been widely used to synthesize NPs with low metallic ions, which opens a new possibility on the edge of biological nanotechnology. In this review, we will have discussed the different methods of synthesis of NPs, such as top-down, bottom-up, and green synthesis (specially including endophytic microorganisms) methods, their mechanisms, different forms of NPs, such as magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs), copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs), chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs), β-d-glucan nanoparticles (GNPs), and engineered nanoparticles (quantum dots, metalloids, nonmetals, carbon nanomaterials, dendrimers, and liposomes), and their molecular approaches in various aspects. At the molecular level, nanoparticles, such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) and RNA-interference molecules, can also be used as molecular tools to carry genetic material during genetic engineering of plants. In plant disease management, NPs can be used as biosensors to diagnose the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Prashant Swapnil
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Botany, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Harish
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Avinash Marwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Vigyan Bhawan, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Garima Yadav
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Priyankaraj Sonigra
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
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131
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Al Khafaji AS, Donovan MD. Endocytic Uptake of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles by the Nasal Mucosa. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050761. [PMID: 34065558 PMCID: PMC8161025 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles may provide unique therapeutic opportunities when administered via the nasal cavity, yet the primary uptake and transfer pathways for these particles within the nasal mucosa are not well understood. The endocytic pathways involved in the uptake of fluorescently labeled, (Nile Red) solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of different sizes (~30, 60, and 150 nm) were studied using excised bovine olfactory and nasal respiratory tissues. Endocytic activity contributing to nanoparticle uptake was investigated using a variety of pharmacological inhibitors, but none of the inhibitors were able to completely eliminate the uptake of the SLNs. The continued uptake of nanoparticles following exposure to individual inhibitors suggests that a number of endocytic pathways work in combination to transfer nanoparticles into the nasal mucosa. Following exposure to the general metabolic inhibitors, 2,4-DNP and sodium azide, additional, non-energy-dependent pathways for nanoparticle uptake were also observed. While the smallest nanoparticles (30 nm) were the most resistant to the effects of pharmacologic inhibitors, the largest (150 nm) were still able to transfer significant amounts of the particles into the tissues. The rapid nanoparticle uptake observed demonstrates that these lipid particles are promising vehicles to accomplish both local and systemic drug delivery following nasal administration.
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132
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Souza MR, Mazaro-Costa R, Rocha TL. Can nanomaterials induce reproductive toxicity in male mammals? A historical and critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144354. [PMID: 33736249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The nanotechnology enabled the development of nanomaterials (NMs) with a variety of industrial, biomedical, and consumer applications. However, the mechanism of action (MoA) and toxicity of NMs remain unclear, especially in the male reproductive system. Thus, this study aimed to perform a bibliometric and systematic review of the literature on the toxic effects of different types of NMs on the male reproductive system and function in mammalian models. A series of 236 articles related to the in vitro and in vivo reproductive toxicity of NMs in mammalian models were analyzed. The data concerning the bioaccumulation, experimental conditions (types of NMs, species, cell lines, exposure period, and routes of exposure), and the MoA and toxicity of NMs were summarized and discussed. Results showed that this field of research began in 2005 and has experienced an exponential increase since 2012. Revised data confirmed that the NMs have the ability to cross the blood-testis barrier and bioaccumulate in several organs of the male reproductive system, such as testis, prostate, epididymis, and seminal vesicle. A similar MoA and toxicity were observed after in vitro and in vivo exposure to NMs. The NM reproductive toxicity was mainly related to ROS production, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis. In conclusion, the NM exposure induces bioaccumulation and toxic effects on male reproductive system of mammal models, confirming its potential risk to human and environmental health. The knowledge concerning the NM reproductive toxicity contributes to safety and sustainable use of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maingredy Rodrigues Souza
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Renata Mazaro-Costa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
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133
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da Silva RLCG, de Oliveira Gonçalves K, Courrol LC, Caseli L. Study of the interactions of gold nanoparticles functionalized with aminolevulinic acid in membrane models. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111849. [PMID: 34015730 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have been intensively studied in cancer therapy to improve drug release, increasing therapeutic action and reducing adverse effects. The interaction between gold nanoparticles and cell membranes can give information about the cell internalization. In this study, gold nanoparticles with aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) were synthesized using the photoreduction method (5-ALA: AuNPs). The prodrug 5-ALA is responsible for protoporphyrin IX synthesis inside the cell and allows the use of therapies as photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies. The cytotoxicity test was performed on a breast cancer tumor line (MCF-7), and high Content Screening assay was applied to evaluate the entry of nanoparticles into cells. DPPS Langmuir monolayers were assembled at the air/water interface and employed as a simplified membrane model for half of a tumorigenic cell membrane. We assessed the molecular interactions between 5-ALA: AuNPs and phospholipids using tensiometry (π-A isotherms) and vibrational spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) experiments. We found that the functionalized gold nanoparticles strongly interact with DPPS polar head groups (especially phosphate and carbonyl), changing the phospholipid hydration and leading to a general decrease in the monolayer conformational order. This work then probes that specific interaction between 5-ALA: AuNPs and the negatively charged phospholipid can be assessed using Langmuir monolayers as simplified biomembrane models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luciano Caseli
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles have a high biocompatibility and biodegradability due to their chemical similarity to human hard tissue, for example, bone and teeth. They can be used as efficient carriers for different kinds of biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, antibodies, or drugs, which alone are not able to enter cells where their biological effect is required. They can be loaded with cargo molecules by incorporating them, unlike solid nanoparticles, and also by surface functionalization. This offers protection, for example, against nucleases, and the possibility for cell targeting. If such nanoparticles are functionalized with fluorescing dyes, they can be applied for imaging in vitro and in vivo. Synthesis, functionalization and cell uptake mechanisms of calcium phosphate nanoparticles are discussed together with applications in transfection, gene silencing, imaging, immunization, and bone substitution. Biodistribution data of calcium phosphate nanoparticles in vivo are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Sokolova
- Inorganic chemistryUniversity of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic chemistryUniversity of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
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135
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Li X, Yi S, Scariot DB, Martinez SJ, Falk BA, Olson CL, Romano PS, Scott EA, Engman DM. Nanocarrier-enhanced intracellular delivery of benznidazole for treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. JCI Insight 2021; 6:145523. [PMID: 33986194 PMCID: PMC8262286 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), an intracellular pathogen that causes significant morbidity and death among millions in the Americas from Canada to Argentina. Current therapy involves oral administration of the nitroimidazole benznidazole (BNZ), which has serious side effects that often necessitate cessation of treatment. To both avoid off-target side effects and reduce the necessary dosage of BNZ, we packaged the drug within poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene sulfide) polymersomes (BNZ-PSs). We show that these vesicular nanocarriers enhanced intracellular delivery to phagocytic cells and tested this formulation in a mouse model of T. cruzi infection. BNZ-PS is not only nontoxic but also significantly more potent than free BNZ, effectively reducing parasitemia, intracellular infection, and tissue parasitosis at a 466-fold lower dose of BNZ. We conclude that BNZ-PS was superior to BNZ for treatment of T. cruzi infection in mice and that further modifications of this nanocarrier formulation could lead to a wide range of custom controlled delivery applications for improved treatment of Chagas disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sijia Yi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Débora B. Scariot
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Santiago J. Martinez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, “Dr. Mario H. Burgos”, IHEM-CONICET, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ben A. Falk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Olson
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patricia S. Romano
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, “Dr. Mario H. Burgos”, IHEM-CONICET, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Evan A. Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David M. Engman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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136
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Guncum E, Bakirel T, Anlas C, Isiklan N, Ustun Alkan F, Charehsaz M, Aydin A. The screening of the safety profile of polymeric based amoxicillin nanoparticles in various test systems. Toxicol Lett 2021; 348:1-9. [PMID: 33984417 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drugs show superiority over conventional medicines because of increased bioavailability, lower accumulation in non-target tissues, and improved therapeutic index with increased accumulation at target sites. However, it is important to be aware of possible problems related to the toxicity of these products, which have therapeutically superior properties. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the safety profile of amoxicillin nanoparticles (AmxNPs) that we developed to increase the oral bioavailability of amoxicillin (Amx) in poultry. In the first part of the study, the genotoxicity potential of AmxNPs was evaluated using the Ames test and the in vitro comet assay. The results of Ames test showed that none of the tested concentrations of Amx and AmxNPs cause a significant increase in the revertant number of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, and TA100, either with or without metabolic activation. Similarly, the comet assay revealed that AmxNPs did not induce DNA damage at any of the concentrations used, whereas high-dose (200 μg/mL) of Amx caused a significant increase in the percentage of DNA in the tail. In the second part of the study, the toxicity potential of AmxNPs on broilers was investigated by measuring biochemical parameters. In vivo results demonstrated that AmxNps did not cause a significant change in biochemical parameters, whereas Amx increased ALT, glucose, and cholesterol levels at certain sampling times. The obtained findings suggest that AmxNPs could be a safe promising potential drug in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Guncum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
| | - Tulay Bakirel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Turkey.
| | - Ceren Anlas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Turkey.
| | - Nuran Isiklan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
| | - Fulya Ustun Alkan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Turkey.
| | - Mohammad Charehsaz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Aydin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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137
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Sousa de Almeida M, Susnik E, Drasler B, Taladriz-Blanco P, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Understanding nanoparticle endocytosis to improve targeting strategies in nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5397-5434. [PMID: 33666625 PMCID: PMC8111542 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast-moving field of nanomedicine takes advantage of features of NPs for the detection and treatment of different types of cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, arthritis as well as neurodegenerative and gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, a detailed understanding of the NP uptake mechanisms by cells and intracellular localization is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications. In the first part of this review, we describe the several endocytic pathways involved in the internalization of NPs and we discuss the impact of the physicochemical properties of NPs on this process. In addition, the potential challenges of using various inhibitors, endocytic markers and genetic approaches to study endocytosis are addressed along with the principal (semi) quantification methods of NP uptake. The second part focuses on synthetic and bio-inspired substances, which can stimulate or decrease the cellular uptake of NPs. This approach could be interesting in nanomedicine where a high accumulation of drugs in the target cells is desirable and clearance by immune cells is to be avoided. This review contributes to an improved understanding of NP endocytic pathways and reveals potential substances, which can be used in nanomedicine to improve NP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sousa de Almeida
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eva Susnik
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700 FribourgSwitzerland
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138
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de Braganca L, Ferguson GJ, Luis Santos J, Derrick JP. Adverse immunological responses against non-viral nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems in the lung. J Immunotoxicol 2021; 18:61-73. [PMID: 33956565 PMCID: PMC8788408 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2021.1902432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a large, unmet medical need to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other respiratory diseases. New modalities are being developed, including gene therapy which treats the disease at the DNA/RNA level. Despite recent innovations in non-viral gene therapy delivery for chronic respiratory diseases, unwanted or adverse interactions with immune cells, particularly macrophages, can limit drug efficacy. This review will examine the relationship between the design and fabrication of non-viral nucleic acid nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems and their ability to trigger unwanted immunogenic responses in lung tissues. NP formulated with peptides, lipids, synthetic and natural polymers provide a robust means of delivering the genetic cargos to the desired cells. However NP, or their components, may trigger local responses such as cell damage, edema, inflammation, and complement activation. These effects may be acute short-term reactions or chronic long-term effects like fibrosis, increased susceptibility to diseases, autoimmune disorders, and even cancer. This review examines the relationship between physicochemical properties, i.e. shape, charge, hydrophobicity, composition and stiffness, and interactions of NP with pulmonary immune cells. Inhalation is the ideal route of administration for direct delivery but inhaled NP encounter innate immune cells, such as alveolar macrophages (AM) and dendritic cells (DC), that perceive them as harmful foreign material, interfere with gene delivery to target cells, and can induce undesirable side effects. Recommendations for fabrication and formulation of gene therapies to avoid adverse immunological responses are given. These include fine tuning physicochemical properties, functionalization of the surface of NP to actively target diseased pulmonary cells and employing biomimetics to increase immunotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor de Braganca
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G John Ferguson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose Luis Santos
- Dosage Form Design Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeremy P Derrick
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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139
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Gigault J, El Hadri H, Nguyen B, Grassl B, Rowenczyk L, Tufenkji N, Feng S, Wiesner M. Nanoplastics are neither microplastics nor engineered nanoparticles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:501-507. [PMID: 33927364 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing concern and research on the subject of plastic pollution has engaged the community of scientists working on the environmental health and safety of nanomaterials. While many of the methods developed in nano environment, health and safety work have general applicability to the study of particulate plastics, the nanometric size range has important consequences for both the analytical challenges of studying nanoscale plastics and the environmental implications of these incidental nanomaterials. Related to their size, nanoplastics are distinguished from microplastics with respect to their transport properties, interactions with light and natural colloids, a high fraction of particle molecules on the surface, bioavailability and diffusion times for the release of plastic additives. Moreover, they are distinguished from engineered nanomaterials because of their high particle heterogeneity and their potential for rapid further fragmentation in the environment. These characteristics impact environmental fate, potential effects on biota and human health, sampling and analysis. Like microplastics, incidentally produced nanoplastics exhibit a diversity of compositions and morphologies and a heterogeneity that is typically absent from engineered nanomaterials. Therefore, nanoscale plastics must be considered as distinct from both microplastics and engineered nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gigault
- TAKUVIK, IRL3376 CNRS/Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Hind El Hadri
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Brian Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Grassl
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Laura Rowenczyk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark Wiesner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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140
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Imlimthan S, Khng YC, Keinänen O, Zhang W, Airaksinen AJ, Kostiainen MA, Zeglis BM, Santos HA, Sarparanta M. A Theranostic Cellulose Nanocrystal-Based Drug Delivery System with Enhanced Retention in Pulmonary Metastasis of Melanoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007705. [PMID: 33738957 PMCID: PMC8175021 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma can be difficult to detect until at the advanced state that decreases the survival rate of patients. Several FDA-approved BRAF inhibitors have been used for treatment of metastatic melanoma, but overall therapeutic efficacy has been limited. Lutetium-177 (177 Lu) enables simultaneous tracking of tracer accumulation with single-photon emission computed tomography and radiotherapy. Therefore, the codelivery of 177 Lu alongside chemotherapeutic agents using nanoparticles (NPs) might improve the therapeutic outcome in metastatic melanoma. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC NPs) can particularly deliver payloads to lung capillaries in vivo. Herein, 177 Lu-labeled CNC NPs loaded with vemurafenib ([177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs) is developed and the therapeutic effect in BRAF V600E mutation-harboring YUMM1.G1 murine model of lung metastatic melanoma is investigated. The [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs demonstrate favorable radiolabel stability, drug release profile, cellular uptake, and cell growth inhibition in vitro. In vivo biodistribution reveals significant retention of the [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs in the lung, liver, and spleen. Ultimately, the median survival time of animals is doubly increased after treatment with [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs compared to control groups. The enhanced therapeutic efficacy of [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs in the lung metastatic melanoma animal model provides convincing evidence for the potential of clinical translation for theranostic CNC NP-based drug delivery systems after intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachet Imlimthan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - You Cheng Khng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Outi Keinänen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Anu J. Airaksinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, NY, USA
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
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141
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El-Laithy HM, Youssef A, El-Husseney SS, El Sayed NS, Maher A. Enhanced alveo pulmonary deposition of nebulized ciclesonide for attenuating airways inflammations: a strategy to overcome metered dose inhaler drawbacks. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:826-843. [PMID: 33928836 PMCID: PMC8812587 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1905747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciclesonide (CIC), an inhaled corticosteroid for bronchial asthma is currently available as metered dose inhaler (CIC–MDI) which possesses a major challenge in the management of the elderly, critically ill patients and children. In this work, nebulized CIC nano-structure lipid particles (CIC-NLPs) were prepared and evaluated for their deep pulmonary delivery and cytotoxicity to provide additional clinical benefits to patients in controlled manner and lower dose. The bio-efficacy following nebulization in ovalbumin (OVA) induced asthma Balb/c mice compared to commercial (CIC–MDI) was also assessed. The developed NLPs of 222.6 nm successfully entrapped CIC (entrapment efficiency 93.3%) and exhibited favorable aerosolization efficiency (mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) 2.03 μm and fine particle fraction (FPF) of 84.51%) at lower impactor stages indicating deep lung deposition without imparting any cytotoxic effect up to a concentration of 100 μg/ml. The nebulization of 40 µg dose of the developed CIC-NLPs revealed significant therapeutic impact in the mitigation of the allergic airways inflammations when compared to 80 µg dose of the commercial CIC–MDI inhaler (Alvesco®). Superior anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects characterized by significant decrease (p< .0001) in inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and 13, serum IgE levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity were obvious with concomitant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Histological examination with inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration in the respiratory tract was correlated well with observed biochemical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M El-Laithy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Egyptian Drug Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nesrine S El Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
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142
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Mehravani B, Ribeiro AI, Zille A. Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis and Antimicrobial Effect on Fibrous Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1067. [PMID: 33919401 PMCID: PMC8143294 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Depositing nanoparticles in textiles have been a promising strategy to achieve multifunctional materials. Particularly, antimicrobial properties are highly valuable due to the emergence of new pathogens and the spread of existing ones. Several methods have been used to functionalize textile materials with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Therefore, this review highlighted the most used methods for AuNPs preparation and the current studies on the topic in order to obtain AuNPs with suitable properties for antimicrobial applications and minimize the environmental concerns in their production. Reporting the detailed information on the functionalization of fabrics, yarns, and fibers with AuNPs by different methods to improve the antimicrobial properties was the central objective. The studies combining AuNPs and textile materials have opened valuable opportunities to develop antimicrobial materials for health and hygiene products, as infection control and barrier material, with improved properties. Future studies are needed to amplify the antimicrobial effect of AuNPs onto textiles and minimize the concerns related to the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Zille
- 2C2T-Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Campus de Azúrem, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal; (B.M.); (A.I.R.)
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143
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Johnston ST, Faria M, Crampin EJ. Understanding nano-engineered particle-cell interactions: biological insights from mathematical models. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2139-2156. [PMID: 36133772 PMCID: PMC9417320 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between nano-engineered particles and cells is necessary for the rational design of particles for therapeutic, diagnostic and imaging purposes. In particular, the informed design of particles relies on the quantification of the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the particles and the rate at which cells interact with, and subsequently internalise, particles. Quantitative models, both mathematical and computational, provide a powerful tool for elucidating this relationship, as well as for understanding the mechanisms governing the intertwined processes of interaction and internalisation. Here we review the different types of mathematical and computational models that have been used to examine particle-cell interactions and particle internalisation. We detail the mathematical methodology for each type of model, the benefits and limitations associated with the different types of models, and highlight the advances in understanding gleaned from the application of these models to experimental observations of particle internalisation. We discuss the recent proposal and ongoing community adoption of standardised experimental reporting, and how this adoption is an important step toward unlocking the full potential of modelling approaches. Finally, we consider future directions in quantitative models of particle-cell interactions and highlight the need for hybrid experimental and theoretical investigations to address hitherto unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart T Johnston
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Matthew Faria
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Edmund J Crampin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
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144
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Duan XC, Peng LY, Yao X, Xu MQ, Li H, Zhang SQ, Li ZY, Wang JR, Feng ZH, Wang GX, Liao A, Chen Y, Zhang X. The synergistic antitumor activity of 3-(2-nitrophenyl) propionic acid-paclitaxel nanoparticles (NPPA-PTX NPs) and anti-PD-L1 antibody inducing immunogenic cell death. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:800-813. [PMID: 33866918 PMCID: PMC8079060 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1909180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a strategy that is moving to the frontier of cancer treatment in the current decade. In this study, we show evidence that 3-(2-nitrophenyl) propionic acid-paclitaxel nanoparticles (NPPA-PTX NPs), act as immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers, stimulating an antitumor response which results in synergistic antitumor activity by combining anti-PD-L1 antibody (aPD-L1) in vivo. To investigate the antitumor immunity induced by NPPA-PTX NPs, the expression of both ICD marker calreticulin (CRT) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were analyzed. In addition, the antitumor activity of NPPA-PTX NPs combined with aPD-L1 in vivo was also investigated. The immune response was also measured through quantitation of the infiltration of T cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results demonstrate that NPPA-PTX NPs induce ICD of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells through upregulation of CRT and HMGB1, reactivating the antitumor immunity via recruitment of infiltrating CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, secreting IFN-γ, TNF-α, and the enhanced antitumor activity by combining with aPD-L1. These data suggest that the combined therapy has a synergistic antitumor activity and has the potential to be developed into a novel therapeutic regimen for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chuan Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yuan Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Qi Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Yue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ru Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Han Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Xue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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145
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Mazumdar S, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Exploration and insights into the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:903-924. [PMID: 33996406 PMCID: PMC8105776 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial or deleterious effects of nanomedicines emerge from their complex interactions with intracellular pathways and their subcellular fate. Moreover, the dynamic nature of plasma membrane accounts for the movement of these nanocarriers within the cell towards different organelles thereby not only influencing their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties but also bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of underlying parameters controlling nanocarrier endocytosis and intracellular fate is essential. In order to direct nanoparticles towards specific sub-cellular organelles the physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers can be manipulated. These include particle size, shape and surface charge/chemistry. Restricting the particle size of nanocarriers below 200 nm contributes to internalization via clathrin and caveolae mediated pathways. Similarly, a moderate negative surface potential confers endolysosomal escape and targeting towards mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. This review aims to provide an insight into these physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers fabricated using amphiphilic graft copolymers affecting cellular internalization. Fundamental principles understood from experimental studies have been extrapolated to draw a general conclusion for the designing of optimized nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and enhanced intracellular uptake via specific endocytic pathway.
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Key Words
- AR, aspect ratio
- Amphiphilic
- CCP, clathrin coated pits
- Cav-1, caveolin-1
- Copolymer
- Cy, cyanine
- DOX, doxorubicin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- IL-2, interleukin
- Internalization
- Intracellular fate
- Nanoparticles
- RBITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- Rmax, minimum size threshold value
- Rmin, maximum size threshold value
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SR & LR, short rod and long rod
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- mPEG, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Mazumdar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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146
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Naranthatta S, Janardhanan P, Pilankatta R, Nair SS. Green Synthesis of Engineered CdS Nanoparticles with Reduced Cytotoxicity for Enhanced Bioimaging Application. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8646-8655. [PMID: 33817526 PMCID: PMC8015075 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The modern epoch of semiconductor nanotechnology focuses on its application in biology, especially in medical sciences, to fetch direct benefits to human life. Fabrication of devices for biosensing and bioimaging is a vibrant research topic nowadays. Luminescent quantum dots are the best option to move with, but most of them are toxic to living organisms and hence cannot be utilized for biological applications. Recent publications demonstrate that surface treatment on the nanoparticles leads to enhanced luminescence properties with a drastic reduction in toxicity. The current work introduces surface-modified CdS, prepared via a simple green chemical route with different medicinal leaf extracts as the reaction media. Lower toxicity and multiple emissions in the visible region, observed for the CdS-O.tenuiflorum hybrid structures, make them a better option for future biological applications. Furthermore, the hybrid structure showed enhanced electrical properties, which promises its use in modifying the current optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susha Naranthatta
- Department
of Physics, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Prajit Janardhanan
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central
University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Rajendra Pilankatta
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central
University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Swapna S Nair
- Department
of Physics, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
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147
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Georgieva M, Gospodinova Z, Keremidarska-Markova M, Kamenska T, Gencheva G, Krasteva N. PEGylated Nanographene Oxide in Combination with Near-Infrared Laser Irradiation as a Smart Nanocarrier in Colon Cancer Targeted Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030424. [PMID: 33809878 PMCID: PMC8004270 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer therapies that integrate smart nanomaterials are the focus of cancer research in recent years. Here, we present our results with PEGylated nanographene oxide particles (nGO-PEG) and have studied their combined effect with near-infrared (NIR) irradiation on low and high invasive colorectal carcinoma cells. The aim is to develop nGO-PEG as a smart nanocarrier for colon cancer-targeted therapy. For this purpose, nGO-PEG nanoparticles' size, zeta potential, surface morphology, dispersion stability, aggregation, and sterility were determined and compared with pristine nGO nanoparticles (NPs). Our results show that PEGylation increased the particle sizes from 256.7 nm (pristine nGO) to 324.6 nm (nGO-PEG), the zeta potential from -32.9 to -21.6 mV, and wrinkled the surface of the nanosheets. Furthermore, nGO-PEG exhibited higher absorbance in the NIR region, as compared to unmodified nGO. PEGylated nGO demonstrated enhanced stability in aqueous solution, improved dispensability in the culture medium, containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and amended biocompatibility. A strong synergic effect of nGO-PEG activated with NIR irradiation for 5 min (1.5 W/cm-2 laser) was observed on cell growth inhibition of low invasive colon cancer cells (HT29) and their wound closure ability while the effect of NIR on cellular morphology was relatively weak. Our results show that PEGylation of nGO combined with NIR irradiation holds the potential for a biocompatible smart nanocarrier in colon cancer cells with enhanced physicochemical properties and higher biological compatibility. For that reason, further optimization of the irradiation process and detailed screening of nGO-PEG in combination with NIR and chemotherapeutics on the fate of the colon cancer cells is a prerequisite for highly efficient combined nanothermal and photothermal therapy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (N.K.); Tel.: +359-896833604 (M.G.); +359-889577074 (N.K.)
| | - Zlatina Gospodinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Z.G.); (M.K.-M.); (T.K.)
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Z.G.); (M.K.-M.); (T.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Trayana Kamenska
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Z.G.); (M.K.-M.); (T.K.)
| | - Galina Gencheva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Z.G.); (M.K.-M.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (N.K.); Tel.: +359-896833604 (M.G.); +359-889577074 (N.K.)
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148
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Sun Y, Davis E. Nanoplatforms for Targeted Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery: A Review of Platform Materials and Stimuli-Responsive Release and Targeting Mechanisms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:746. [PMID: 33809633 PMCID: PMC8000772 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To achieve the promise of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer, they should (1) avoid premature clearance; (2) accumulate in tumors and undergo endocytosis by cancer cells; and (3) exhibit appropriate stimuli-responsive release of the payload. It is challenging to address all of these requirements simultaneously. However, the numerous proof-of-concept studies addressing one or more of these requirements reported every year have dramatically expanded the toolbox available for the design of drug delivery systems. This review highlights recent advances in the targeting and stimuli-responsiveness of drug delivery systems. It begins with a discussion of nanocarrier types and an overview of the factors influencing nanocarrier biodistribution. On-demand release strategies and their application to each type of nanocarrier are reviewed, including both endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Recent developments in stimuli-responsive targeting strategies are also discussed. The remaining challenges and prospective solutions in the field are discussed throughout the review, which is intended to assist researchers in overcoming interdisciplinary knowledge barriers and increase the speed of development. This review presents a nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems toolbox that enables the application of techniques across platforms and inspires researchers with interdisciplinary information to boost the development of multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Davis
- Materials Engineering Program, Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, 101 Wilmore Drive, Auburn, AL 36830, USA;
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149
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Kyriakides TR, Raj A, Tseng TH, Xiao H, Nguyen R, Mohammed FS, Halder S, Xu M, Wu MJ, Bao S, Sheu WC. Biocompatibility of nanomaterials and their immunological properties. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:10.1088/1748-605X/abe5fa. [PMID: 33578402 PMCID: PMC8357854 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe5fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) have revolutionized multiple aspects of medicine by enabling novel sensing, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches. Advancements in processing and fabrication have also allowed significant expansion in the applications of the major classes of NMs based on polymer, metal/metal oxide, carbon, liposome, or multi-scale macro-nano bulk materials. Concomitantly, concerns regarding the nanotoxicity and overall biocompatibility of NMs have been raised. These involve putative negative effects on both patients and those subjected to occupational exposure during manufacturing. In this review, we describe the current state of testing of NMs including those that are in clinical use, in clinical trials, or under development. We also discuss the cellular and molecular interactions that dictate their toxicity and biocompatibility. Specifically, we focus on the reciprocal interactions between NMs and host proteins, lipids, and sugars and how these induce responses in immune and other cell types leading to topical and/or systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Arindam Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Tiffany H Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Hugh Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Ryan Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Farrah S Mohammed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Saiti Halder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Mengqing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Michelle J Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Shuozhen Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
| | - Wendy C Sheu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06405, United States of America
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150
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Portilla Y, Mellid S, Paradela A, Ramos-Fernández A, Daviu N, Sanz-Ortega L, Pérez-Yagüe S, Morales MP, Barber DF. Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Coatings Dictate Cell Outcomes Despite the Influence of Protein Coronas. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7924-7944. [PMID: 33587585 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A critical issue in nanomedicine is to understand the complex dynamics that dictate the interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with their biological milieu. The most exposed part of a nanoparticle is its surface coating, which comes into contact with the biological medium and adsorbs proteins, forming what is known as a protein corona (PC). It is assumed that this PC mainly dictates the nanoparticle-cell interactions. As such, we set out to analyze how different coatings on iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) affect the composition of the PC that forms on top of them, and how these newly formed coronas influence the uptake of MNPs by macrophages and tumor cells, their subcellular location upon internalization, and their intracellular degradation. We found that different superficial charges of the coatings did not affect the PC composition, with an enrichment in proteins with affinity for divalent ions regardless of the type of coating. The iron oxide core of the MNP might become exposed to the biological medium, influencing the proteins that constitute the PCs. The presence of enzymes with hydrolase activity in the PC could explain the degradation of the coatings when they come into contact with the biological media. In terms of MNP internalization by cells, coatings mainly determine the endocytic pathways used, especially in terms of receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, the increase in hydrodynamic size provoked by the formation of the associated corona drives uptake mechanisms like macropinocytosis. Once inside the cells, the PC protected the NPs in their intracellular transit to lysosomes, where they were fully degraded. This understanding of how coatings and PCs influence different cellular processes will help design improved NPs for biomedical applications, taking into account the influence of the coating and corona on the biology of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadileiny Portilla
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sara Mellid
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Antonio Ramos-Fernández
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Neus Daviu
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Laura Sanz-Ortega
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sonia Pérez-Yagüe
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - María P Morales
- Department of Energy, Environment and Health, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Domingo F Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
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