101
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Rosenberger C, Fähling M. A triple sense of oxygen promotes neurovascular angiogenesis in NG2-derived cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13578. [PMID: 33202114 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rosenberger
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Fähling
- Department of Vegetative Physiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
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102
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Abstract
The normal wound healing process and the foreign body reaction to wound management materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon Il Kang
- Department of Bioengineering and Nano-bioengineering
- Incheon National University
- Korea
| | - Kyung Min Park
- Department of Bioengineering and Nano-bioengineering
- Incheon National University
- Korea
- Division of Bioengineering
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering
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103
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Urrutia AA, Guan N, Mesa‐Ciller C, Afzal A, Davidoff O, Haase VH. Inactivation of HIF-prolyl 4-hydroxylases 1, 2 and 3 in NG2-expressing cells induces HIF2-mediated neurovascular expansion independent of erythropoietin. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13547. [PMID: 32846048 PMCID: PMC7757172 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM NG2 cells in the brain are comprised of pericytes and NG2 glia and play an important role in the execution of cerebral hypoxia responses, including the induction of erythropoietin (EPO) in pericytes. Oxygen-dependent angiogenic responses are regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), the activity of which is controlled by prolyl 4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) dioxygenases and the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor. However, the role of NG2 cells in HIF-regulated cerebral vascular homeostasis is incompletely understood. METHODS To examine the HIF/PHD/VHL axis in neurovascular homeostasis, we used a Cre-loxP-based genetic approach in mice and targeted Vhl, Epo, Phd1, Phd2, Phd3 and Hif2a in NG2 cells. Cerebral vasculature was assessed by immunofluorescence, RNA in situ hybridization, gene and protein expression analysis, gel zymography and in situ zymography. RESULTS Vhl inactivation led to a significant increase in angiogenic gene and Epo expression. This was associated with EPO-independent expansion of capillary networks in cortex, striatum and hypothalamus, as well as pericyte proliferation. A comparable phenotype resulted from the combined inactivation of Phd2 and Phd3, but not from Phd2 inactivation alone. Concomitant PHD1 function loss led to further expansion of the neurovasculature. Genetic inactivation of Hif2a in Phd1/Phd2/Phd3 triple mutant mice resulted in normal cerebral vasculature. CONCLUSION Our studies establish (a) that HIF2 activation in NG2 cells promotes neurovascular expansion and remodelling independently of EPO, (b) that HIF2 activity in NG2 cells is co-controlled by PHD2 and PHD3 and (c) that PHD1 modulates HIF2 transcriptional responses when PHD2 and PHD3 are inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A. Urrutia
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Unidad de Investigación Hospital de Santa CristinaInstituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Nan Guan
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Division of NephrologyHuashan Hospital and Nephrology Research InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Claudia Mesa‐Ciller
- Unidad de Investigación Hospital de Santa CristinaInstituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Aqeela Afzal
- Department of NeurosurgeryVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Volker H. Haase
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Division of Integrative PhysiologyDepartment of Medical Cell BiologyUppsala UniversitetUppsalaSweden
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Program in Cancer BiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
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104
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Kuriyama S, Maruyama Y, Honda H. A new insight into the treatment of renal anemia with HIF stabilizer. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-020-00311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe long-term clinical experiences with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its analog derivatives have clearly proven that correction of anemia with erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) not only reduces blood transfusion and improves patients’ QOL but has multiple benefits for the concurrent complications of CKD such as Cardio-Renal–Anemia (CRA) syndrome and/or malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome.Unlike ESA, the newly available agent, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizer, stimulates endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) by mimicking hypoxia with HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain enzyme (HIF-PHD) inhibition. The phase 2 and 3 clinical studies have shown that HIF stabilizers are as efficacious as ESA in ameliorating renal anemia. Whether the same clinical benefits on CRA and MIA syndrome hold true in patients given HIF stabilizers is a matter for future debate. Given that HIF stabilizers act on the multiple target genes, the use of this novel agent may lead to unwanted adverse events.Launching HIF stabilizers into the treatment of renal anemia provokes a concern about how this alternative treatment will be taken up in the daily clinical practice. However, guideline-oriented strategies on how to use HIF stabilizer is not available at this limited point due to scant clinical information. Nevertheless, this opinion-based review provides a future insight into the management of renal anemia with HIF stabilizer by reference to the past experiences with ESA. HIF stabilizers can preferably be indicated for CRA syndrome at pre-dialysis stage, ESA resistant anemia at advanced CKD stage, and perhaps for dysregulated iron metabolism akin to MIA syndrome in patients on dialysis.
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105
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Coyle RC, Barrs RW, Richards DJ, Ladd EP, Menick DR, Mei Y. Targeting HIF-α for robust prevascularization of human cardiac organoids. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 15:189-202. [PMID: 33868541 DOI: 10.1002/term.3165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prevascularized 3D microtissues have been shown to be an effective cell delivery vehicle for cardiac repair. To this end, our lab has explored the development of self-organizing, prevascularized human cardiac organoids by co-seeding human cardiomyocytes with cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and stromal cells into agarose microwells. We hypothesized that this prevascularization process is facilitated by the endogenous upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway in the avascular 3D microtissues. In this study, we used Molidustat, a selective PHD (prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes) inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-α, to treat human cardiac organoids, which resulted in 150 ± 61% improvement in endothelial expression (CD31) and 220 ± 20% improvement in the number of lumens per organoids. We hypothesized that the improved endothelial expression seen in Molidustat treated human cardiac organoids was dependent upon upregulation of VEGF, a well-known downstream target of HIF pathway. Through the use of immunofluorescent staining and ELISA assays, we determined that Molidustat treatment improved VEGF expression of non-endothelial cells and resulted in improved co-localization of supporting cell types and endothelial structures. We further demonstrated that Molidustat treated human cardiac organoids maintain cardiac functionality. Lastly, we showed that Molidustat treatment improves survival of cardiac organoids when exposed to both hypoxic and ischemic conditions in vitro. For the first time, we demonstrate that targeted HIF-α stabilization provides a robust strategy to improve endothelial expression and lumen formation in cardiac microtissues, which will provide a powerful framework for prevascularization of various microtissues in developing successful cell transplantation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Coyle
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ryan W Barrs
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dylan J Richards
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Emma P Ladd
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Donald R Menick
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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106
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Liu T, Abboud MI, Chowdhury R, Tumber A, Hardy AP, Lippl K, Lohans CT, Pires E, Wickens J, McDonough MA, West CM, Schofield CJ. Biochemical and biophysical analyses of hypoxia sensing prolyl hydroxylases from Dictyostelium discoideum and Toxoplasma gondii. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16545-16561. [PMID: 32934009 PMCID: PMC7864055 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals, the response to chronic hypoxia is mediated by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) that regulate the levels of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor α (HIFα). PHD homologues exist in other types of eukaryotes and prokaryotes where they act on non HIF substrates. To gain insight into the factors underlying different PHD substrates and properties, we carried out biochemical and biophysical studies on PHD homologues from the cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum, and the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, both lacking HIF. The respective prolyl-hydroxylases (DdPhyA and TgPhyA) catalyze prolyl-hydroxylation of S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1), a reaction enabling adaptation to different dioxygen availability. Assays with full-length Skp1 substrates reveal substantial differences in the kinetic properties of DdPhyA and TgPhyA, both with respect to each other and compared with human PHD2; consistent with cellular studies, TgPhyA is more active at low dioxygen concentrations than DdPhyA. TgSkp1 is a DdPhyA substrate and DdSkp1 is a TgPhyA substrate. No cross-reactivity was detected between DdPhyA/TgPhyA substrates and human PHD2. The human Skp1 E147P variant is a DdPhyA and TgPhyA substrate, suggesting some retention of ancestral interactions. Crystallographic analysis of DdPhyA enables comparisons with homologues from humans, Trichoplax adhaerens, and prokaryotes, informing on differences in mobile elements involved in substrate binding and catalysis. In DdPhyA, two mobile loops that enclose substrates in the PHDs are conserved, but the C-terminal helix of the PHDs is strikingly absent. The combined results support the proposal that PHD homologues have evolved kinetic and structural features suited to their specific sensing roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongri Liu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martine I Abboud
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Hardy
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Lippl
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisabete Pires
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Wickens
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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107
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Cirillo F, Resmini G, Angelino E, Ferrara M, Tarantino A, Piccoli M, Rota P, Ghiroldi A, Monasky MM, Ciconte G, Pappone C, Graziani A, Anastasia L. HIF-1α Directly Controls WNT7A Expression During Myogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593508. [PMID: 33262987 PMCID: PMC7686515 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we unveil that Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) directly regulates WNT7A expression during myogenesis. In fact, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChiP) and site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed two distinct hypoxia response elements (HREs) that are specific HIF-1α binding sites on the WNT7A promoter. Remarkably, a pharmacological activation of HIF-1α induced WNT7A expression and enhanced muscle differentiation. On the other hand, silencing of WNT7A using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing blocked the effects of HIF-1α activation on myogenesis. Finally, treatment with prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) inhibitors improved muscle regeneration in vitro and in vivo in a cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury mouse model, paving the way for further studies to test its efficacy on acute and chronic muscular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Giulia Resmini
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Elia Angelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Ferrara
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Chromatin Dynamics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.,Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Paola Rota
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Ciconte
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Faculty of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Faculty of Medicine, Milan, Italy
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108
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Kuan CY, Chen HR, Gao N, Kuo YM, Chen CW, Yang D, Kinkaid MM, Hu E, Sun YY. Brain-targeted hypoxia-inducible factor stabilization reduces neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105200. [PMID: 33248237 PMCID: PMC10111204 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) is a major regulator of cellular adaptation to hypoxia and oxidative stress, and recent advances of prolyl-4-hydroxylase (P4H) inhibitors have produced powerful tools to stabilize HIF1α for clinical applications. However, whether HIF1α provokes or resists neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury has not been established in previous studies. We hypothesize that systemic and brain-targeted HIF1α stabilization may have divergent effects. To test this notion, herein we compared the effects of GSK360A, a potent P4H inhibitor, in in-vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and in in-vivo neonatal HI via intracerebroventricular (ICV), intraperitoneal (IP), and intranasal (IN) drug-application routes. We found that GSK360A increased the erythropoietin (EPO), heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) transcripts, all HIF1α target-genes, and promoted the survival of neurons and oligodendrocytes after OGD. Neonatal HI insult stabilized HIF1α in the ipsilateral hemisphere for up to 24 h, and either ICV or IN delivery of GSK360A after HI increased the HIF1α target-gene transcripts and decreased brain damage. In contrast, IP-injection of GSK360A failed to reduce HI brain damage, but elevated the risk of mortality at high doses, which may relate to an increase of the kidney and plasma EPO, leukocytosis, and abundant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNAs in the brain. These results suggest that brain-targeted HIF1α-stabilization is a potential treatment of neonatal HI brain injury, while systemic P4H-inhibition may provoke unwanted adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Kuan
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States of America.
| | - Hong-Ru Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States of America
| | - Ning Gao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
| | - Yi-Min Kuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States of America
| | - Dianer Yang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
| | - Melissa M Kinkaid
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States of America
| | - Erding Hu
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406, United States of America
| | - Yu-Yo Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States of America.
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109
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Li Z, Zhen S, Su K, Tumber A, Yu Q, Dong Y, McDonough M, Schofield CJ, Zhang X. A small-molecule probe for monitoring binding to prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 by fluorescence polarisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14199-14202. [PMID: 33111730 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06353c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the dioxygen sensing hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases has potential therapeutic benefit for treatment of diseases, including anaemia. We describe the discovery of a small-molecule probe useful for monitoring binding to human prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) via fluorescence polarisation. The assay is suitable for high-throughput screening of PHD inhibitors with both weak and strong affinities, as shown by work with clinically used inhibitors and naturally occurring PHD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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110
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Vadadustat, a HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor, Improves Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112396. [PMID: 33139632 PMCID: PMC7693843 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is largely attributed to their immunomodulatory properties, which can be further improved by hypoxia priming. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs preconditioned with hypoxia-mimetic Vadadustat (AKB-6548, Akebia). Gene expression analysis of immunomodulatory factors was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) on RNA isolated from six human bone-marrow derived MSCs populations preconditioned for 6 h with 40 μM Vadadustat compared to control MSCs. The effect of Vadadustat preconditioning on MSCs secretome was determined using Proteome Profiler and Luminex, while their immunomodulatory activity was assessed by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and Culturex transwell migration assays. Real-time PCR revealed that Vadadustat downregulated genes related to immune system: IL24, IL1B, CXCL8, PDCD1LG1, PDCD1LG2, HIF1A, CCL2 and IL6, and upregulated IL17RD, CCL28 and LEP. Vadadustat caused a marked decrease in the secretion of IL6 (by 51%), HGF (by 47%), CCL7 (MCP3) (by 42%) and CXCL8 (by 40%). Vadadustat potentiated the inhibitory effect of MSCs on the proliferation of alloactivated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and reduced monocytes-enriched PBMCs chemotaxis towards the MSCs secretome. Preconditioning with Vadadustat may constitute a valuable approach to improve the therapeutic properties of MSCs.
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111
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Chen C, Yan S, Qiu S, Geng Z, Wang Z. HIF/Ca 2+/NO/ROS is critical in roxadustat treating bone fracture by stimulating the proliferation and migration of BMSCs. Life Sci 2020; 264:118684. [PMID: 33129877 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Fracture site is regionally hypoxic resulting from vasculature disruption. HIF-1αplays an essential role in fracture repair. This study aims to investigate the influence of FG4592 on the femur fracture of SD rats and the proliferation, migration of BMSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS After the femoral fracture model was established, computed tomography imaging and histological analyses were used to quantify bone healing and the expression of CD90, HIF-1α, VEGF were observed by means of immunohistochemistry method on Day 10 and Day 20. In addition, CCK-8 assay, transwell, flow cytometric analysis, laser confocal microscopy assay, western blot and rT-PCR were performed to text the proliferation and migration of BMSCs using FG4592. KEY FINDINGS In vivo, FG4592 facilitated the repair of bone fracture by increasing the number of BMSCs and cartilage formation. In vitro, FG4592 markedly improved the proliferation, migration of BMSCs via upregulation of intracellular Ca2+, NO and concomitant decrease of ROS. Gene silencing of HIF-1α resulted in the opposite phenomenon in BMSCs with the treatment of FG4592. SIGNIFICANCE The transplantation of BMSCs is the most promising candidate for the treatment of fracture non-union. We illustrated that FG4592 promoted the proliferation, migration of BMSCs via the HIF/Ca2+/NO/ROS pathway and further accelerated fracture healing. These results provide a deeper understanding for the mechanism of HIF in promoting fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shihai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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112
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Khan A, Schofield CJ, Claridge TDW. Reducing Agent-Mediated Nonenzymatic Conversion of 2-Oxoglutarate to Succinate: Implications for Oxygenase Assays. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2898-2902. [PMID: 32478965 PMCID: PMC7693218 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
l-Ascorbate (l-Asc) is often added to assays with isolated FeII - and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases to enhance activity. l-Asc is proposed to be important in catalysis by some 2OG oxygenases in vivo. We report observations on the nonenzymatic conversion of 2OG to succinate, which is mediated by hydrogen peroxide generated by the reaction of l-Asc and dioxygen. Slow nonenzymatic oxidation of 2OG to succinate occurs with some, but not all, other reducing agents commonly used in 2OG oxygenase assays. We intend these observations will help in the robust assignment of substrates and inhibitors for 2OG oxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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113
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Salo AM, Myllyharju J. Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases in collagen synthesis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:38-49. [PMID: 32969070 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in the extracellular matrix. They provide a framework to build organs and tissues and give structural support to make them resistant to mechanical load and forces. Several intra- and extracellular modifications are needed to make functional collagen molecules, intracellular post-translational modifications of proline and lysine residues having key roles in this. In this article, we provide a review on the enzymes responsible for the proline and lysine modifications, that is collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases, 3-hydroxylases and lysyl hydroxylases, and discuss their biological functions and involvement in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti M Salo
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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114
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De Wilde L, Roels K, Deventer K, Van Eenoo P. Automated sample preparation for the detection and confirmation of hypoxia-inducible factor stabilizers in urine. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 35:e4970. [PMID: 32840903 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As hypoxia-inducible factor stabilizers (HIFs) can artificially enhance an athlete's erythropoiesis, the World Anti-Doping Agency prohibits their use at all times. Every urine sample for doping control analysis has to be evaluated for the presence of HIFs and therefore sensitive methods that allow high sample throughput are needed. Samples suspicious for the presence of HIFs need to be confirmed following the identification criteria established by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Previous work has shown the advantages of using turbulent flow online solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedures to reduce matrix effects and retention time shifts. Furthermore, the use of online SPE allows for automation and high sample throughput. Both an initial testing procedure (ITP) and a confirmation method were developed and validated, using online SPE liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with limits of detection between 0.1 ng/ml (or possibly lower) and 4 ng/ml (or higher for GSK360a) and limits of identification between 0.1 ng/ml (or possibly lower) and 1.17 ng/ml. The ITP only takes 6.5 min per sample. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first ITP and confirmation methods that include more than three HIFs without the need for manual sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie De Wilde
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Department Diagnostic Sciences, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Kris Roels
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Department Diagnostic Sciences, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Koen Deventer
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Department Diagnostic Sciences, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Eenoo
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Department Diagnostic Sciences, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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115
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Zhang X, Lei Y, Hu T, Wu Y, Li Z, Jiang Z, Yang C, Zhang L, You Q. Discovery of Clinical Candidate (5-(3-(4-Chlorophenoxy)prop-1-yn-1-yl)-3-hydroxypicolinoyl)glycine, an Orally Bioavailable Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Anemia. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10045-10060. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yonghua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tianhan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhensheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Changyong Yang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Lianshan Zhang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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116
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Savyuk M, Krivonosov M, Mishchenko T, Gazaryan I, Ivanchenko M, Khristichenko A, Poloznikov A, Hushpulian D, Nikulin S, Tonevitsky E, Abuzarova G, Mitroshina E, Vedunova M. Neuroprotective Effect of HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibition in an In Vitro Hypoxia Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080662. [PMID: 32722310 PMCID: PMC7463909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel potent analog of the branched tail oxyquinoline group of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, neuradapt, has been studied in two treatment regimes in an in vitro hypoxia model on murine primary hippocampal cultures. Neuradapt activates the expression of HIF1 and HIF2 target genes and shows no toxicity up to 20 μM, which is more than an order of magnitude higher than its biologically active concentration. Cell viability, functional activity, and network connectivity between the elements of neuronal networks have been studied using a pairwise correlation analysis of the intracellular calcium fluctuations in the individual cells. An immediate treatment with 1 μM and 15 μM neuradapt right at the onset of hypoxia not only protects from the death, but also maintains the spontaneous calcium activity in nervous cells at the level of the intact cultures. A similar neuroprotective effect in the post-treatment scenario is observed for 15 μM, but not for 1 μM neuradapt. Network connectivity is better preserved with immediate treatment using 1 μM neuradapt than with 15 μM, which is still beneficial. Post-treatment with neuradapt did not restore the network connectivity despite the observation that neuradapt significantly increased cell viability at 1 μM and functional activity at 15 μM. The preservation of cell viability and functional activity makes neuradapt promising for further studies in a post-treatment scenario, since it can be combined with other drugs and treatments restoring the network connectivity of functionally competent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Savyuk
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.S.); (T.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Mikhail Krivonosov
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Tatiana Mishchenko
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.S.); (T.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia; (I.G.); (A.K.); or (A.P.); (D.H.); (G.A.)
- Chemical Enzymology Department, Chemistry Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Anna Khristichenko
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia; (I.G.); (A.K.); or (A.P.); (D.H.); (G.A.)
| | - Andrey Poloznikov
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia; (I.G.); (A.K.); or (A.P.); (D.H.); (G.A.)
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia;
| | - Dmitry Hushpulian
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia; (I.G.); (A.K.); or (A.P.); (D.H.); (G.A.)
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
| | - Sergey Nikulin
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia;
| | - Evgeny Tonevitsky
- Development Fund of the Innovation Science and Technology Center “Mendeleev Valley”, Moscow 125480, Russia;
| | - Guzal Abuzarova
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia; (I.G.); (A.K.); or (A.P.); (D.H.); (G.A.)
| | - Elena Mitroshina
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.S.); (T.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Vedunova
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; (M.S.); (T.M.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-920-077-75-33
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117
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Ko VH, Yu LJ, Dao DT, Li X, Secor JD, Anez-Bustillos L, Cho BS, Pan A, Mitchell PD, Kishikawa H, Puder M. Roxadustat (FG-4592) accelerates pulmonary growth, development, and function in a compensatory lung growth model. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:637-649. [PMID: 32666268 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Children with hypoplastic lung disease associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) continue to suffer significant morbidity and mortality secondary to progressive pulmonary disease. Current management of CDH is primarily supportive and mortality rates of the most severely affected children have remained unchanged in the last few decades. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated the importance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated angiogenesis in accelerating compensatory lung growth. In this study, we evaluated the potential for Roxadustat (FG-4592), a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor known to increase endogenous VEGF, in accelerating compensatory lung growth. Treatment with Roxadustat increased lung volume, total lung capacity, alveolarization, and exercise tolerance compared to controls following left pneumonectomy. However, this effect was likely modulated not only by increased VEGF, but rather also by decreased pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), an anti-angiogenic factor. Furthermore, this mechanism of action may be specific to Roxadustat. Vadadustat (AKB-6548), a structurally similar prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, did not demonstrate accelerated compensatory lung growth or decreased PEDF expression following left pneumonectomy. Given that Roxadustat is already in Phase III clinical studies for the treatment of chronic kidney disease-associated anemia with minimal side effects, its use for the treatment of pulmonary hypoplasia could potentially proceed expeditiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria H Ko
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lumeng J Yu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Duy T Dao
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jordan D Secor
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lorenzo Anez-Bustillos
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bennet S Cho
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amy Pan
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paul D Mitchell
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hiroko Kishikawa
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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118
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Faivre A, Scholz CC, de Seigneux S. Hypoxia in chronic kidney disease: towards a paradigm shift? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 36:1782-1790. [PMID: 33895835 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as an alteration of kidney structure and/or function lasting for >3 months [1]. CKD affects 10% of the general adult population and is responsible for large healthcare costs [2]. Since the end of the last century, the role of hypoxia in CKD progression has controversially been discussed. To date, there is evidence of the presence of hypoxia in late-stage renal disease, but we lack time-course evidence, stage correlation and also spatial co-localization with fibrotic lesions to ensure its causative role. The classical view of hypoxia in CKD progression is that it is caused by peritubular capillary alterations, renal anaemia and increased oxygen consumption regardless of the primary injury. In this classical view, hypoxia is assumed to further induce pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory responses, as well as oxidative stress, leading to CKD worsening as part of a vicious circle. However, recent investigations tend to question this paradigm, and both the presence of hypoxia and its role in CKD progression are still not clearly demonstrated. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the main transcriptional regulator of the hypoxia response. Genetic HIF modulation leads to variable effects on CKD progression in different murine models. In contrast, pharmacological modulation of the HIF pathway [i.e. by HIF hydroxylase inhibitors (HIs)] appears to be generally protective against fibrosis progression experimentally. We here review the existing literature on the role of hypoxia, the HIF pathway and HIF HIs in CKD progression and summarize the evidence that supports or rejects the hypoxia hypothesis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Faivre
- Department of Cell physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Department of Cell physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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119
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Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control transcriptional responses to reduced O2 availability. HIFs are heterodimeric proteins composed of an O2-regulated HIF-α subunit and a constitutively expressed HIF-1β subunit. HIF-α subunits are subject to prolyl hydroxylation, which targets the proteins for degradation under normoxic conditions. Small molecule prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, which stabilize the HIF-α subunits and increase HIF-dependent expression of erythropoietin, are in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. HIFs contribute to the pathogenesis of many cancers, particularly the clear cell type of renal cell carcinoma in which loss of function of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor blocks HIF-2α degradation. A small molecule inhibitor that binds to HIF-2α and blocks dimerization with HIF-1β is in clinical trials for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Targeting HIFs for stabilization or inhibition may improve outcomes in diseases that are common causes of mortality in the US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg L Semenza
- Institute for Cell Engineering, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, and Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA;
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120
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Bhute VJ, Harte J, Houghton JW, Maxwell PH. Mannose Binding Lectin Is Hydroxylated by Collagen Prolyl-4-hydroxylase and Inhibited by Some PHD Inhibitors. KIDNEY360 2020; 1:447-457. [PMID: 35368589 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000092020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an important component of innate immune defense. MBL undergoes oligomerization to generate high mol weight (HMW) forms which act as pattern recognition molecules to detect and opsonize various microorganisms. Several post-translational modifications including prolyl hydroxylation are known to affect the oligomerization of MBL. Yet, the enzyme(s) which hydroxylate proline in the collagen-like domain residues have not been identified and the significance of prolyl hydroxylation is incompletely understood. Methods To investigate post-translational modifications of MBL, we stably expressed Myc-DDK tagged MBL in HEK293S cells. We used pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2OGDD) to identify the enzyme required for prolyl hydroxylation of MBL. We performed mass spectrometry to determine the effects of various inhibitors on MBL modifications. Results Secretion of HMW MBL was impaired by inhibitors of the superfamily of 2OGDD, and was dependent on prolyl-4-hydroxylase subunit α1. Roxadustat and vadadustat, but not molidustat, led to significant suppression of hydroxylation and secretion of HMW forms of MBL. Conclusions These data suggest that prolyl hydroxylation in the collagen-like domain of MBL is mediated by collagen prolyl-4-hydroxylase. Reduced MBL activity is likely to be an off-target effect of some, but not all, prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) inhibitors. There may be advantages in selective PHD inhibitors that would not interfere with MBL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijesh J Bhute
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Harte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland.,School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jack W Houghton
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick H Maxwell
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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121
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Hoogendoorn S, Aye Y. Empowering Global Chemical Biology at the Dawn of the New Decade. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:1287-1291. [PMID: 32315151 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
On January 22-24, 2020, scientific luminaries across the far-flung corners of chemical biology gathered in Geneva, Switzerland, to deliver their latest and greatest discoveries in the field. Generously supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), our academic partners, and industrial and journal sponsors, this chemical biology symposium in our opinion will remain memorable for several years to come, not only because of the diversity in scientific topics delivered by our invited eminent speakers as detailed herein, but it is also one-of-a-kind conference which reflected multidimensional balance-balance in age and gender, across these speakers. Such a remarkable speaker line-up doubtless attracted >200 attendees from academia and industry in and around Switzerland and beyond, representing a huge swathe of subfields of science interfacing chemistry and biology. Poster presentations from students and postdocs further spotlighted the exciting diversity in the field: spanning biosynthesis, optochemical genetics, genetic code expansion, lipid chemical biology, redox perturbation, microfluidics screening, membrane signaling, immune modulation, DNA circuits, and synthetic and computational biology. This notable heterogeneity in scientific topics also went hand-in-hand with the diverse representations of student/postdoc trainees from 56 institutions covering 14 countries worldwide, allowing us to witness science as a truly global enterprise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yimon Aye
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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122
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del Balzo U, Signore PE, Walkinshaw G, Seeley TW, Brenner MC, Wang Q, Guo G, Arend MP, Flippin LA, Chow FA, Gervasi DC, Kjaergaard CH, Langsetmo I, Guenzler V, Liu DY, Klaus SJ, Lin A, Neff TB. Nonclinical Characterization of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor Roxadustat, a Novel Treatment of Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:342-353. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.265181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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123
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Gao RY, Wang M, Liu Q, Feng D, Wen Y, Xia Y, Colgan SP, Eltzschig HK, Ju C. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Reprograms Liver Macrophages to Protect Against Acute Liver Injury Through the Production of Interleukin-6. Hepatology 2020; 71:2105-2117. [PMID: 31529728 PMCID: PMC7075728 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose represents the most frequent cause of acute liver failure, resulting in death or liver transplantation in more than one third of patients in the United States. The effectiveness of the only antidote, N-acetylcysteine, declines rapidly after APAP ingestion, long before patients are admitted to the clinic with symptoms of severe liver injury. The direct hepatotoxicity of APAP triggers a cascade of innate immune responses that may exacerbate or limit the progression of tissue damage. A better understanding of this complex mechanism will help uncover targets for therapeutic interventions. APPROACH AND RESULTS We observed that APAP challenge caused stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in the liver and hepatic macrophages (MΦs), particularly HIF-2α. Genetic deletion of the HIF-2α gene in myeloid cells (HIF-2αmye/- ) markedly exacerbated APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) without affecting APAP bioactivation and detoxification. In contrast, hepatic and serum levels of the hepatoprotective cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), its downstream signal transducer and transcription factor 3 activation in hepatocytes, as well as hepatic MΦ IL-6 expression were markedly reduced in HIF-2αmye/- mice compared to wild-type mice post-APAP challenge. In vitro experiments revealed that hypoxia induced IL-6 production in hepatic MΦs and that such induction was abolished in HIF-2α-deleted hepatic MΦs. Restoration of IL-6 by administration of exogenous IL-6 ameliorated AILI in HIF-2αmye/- mice. Finally, IL-6-mediated hepatoprotection against AILI was abolished in hepatocyte-specific IL-6 receptor knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that APAP treatment leads to HIF-2α stabilization in hepatic MΦs and that HIF-2α subsequently reprograms hepatic MΦs to produce the hepatoprotective cytokine IL-6, thereby ameliorating AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Y. Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qihui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Current address: Biomedical Institute, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Disease, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yankai Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Ju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Correspondence should be addressed to C. J. ()
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124
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Waheed S, Ramanan R, Chaturvedi SS, Lehnert N, Schofield CJ, Christov CZ, Karabencheva-Christova TG. Role of Structural Dynamics in Selectivity and Mechanism of Non-heme Fe(II) and 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Oxygenases Involved in DNA Repair. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:795-814. [PMID: 32490196 PMCID: PMC7256942 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AlkB and its human homologue AlkBH2 are Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases that repair alkylated DNA bases occurring as a consequence of reactions with mutagenic agents. We used molecular dynamics (MD) and combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods to investigate how structural dynamics influences the selectivity and mechanisms of the AlkB- and AlkBH2-catalyzed demethylation of 3-methylcytosine (m3C) in single (ssDNA) and double (dsDNA) stranded DNA. Dynamics studies reveal the importance of the flexibility in both the protein and DNA components in determining the preferences of AlkB for ssDNA and of AlkBH2 for dsDNA. Correlated motions, including of a hydrophobic β-hairpin, are involved in substrate binding in AlkBH2-dsDNA. The calculations reveal that 2OG rearrangement prior to binding of dioxygen to the active site Fe is preferred over a ferryl rearrangement to form a catalytically productive Fe(IV)=O intermediate. Hydrogen atom transfer proceeds via a σ-channel in AlkBH2-dsDNA and AlkB-dsDNA; in AlkB-ssDNA, there is a competition between σ- and π-channels, implying that the nature of the complexed DNA has potential to alter molecular orbital interactions during the substrate oxidation. Our results reveal the importance of the overall protein-DNA complex in determining selectivity and how the nature of the substrate impacts the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodiq
O. Waheed
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Rajeev Ramanan
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Shobhit S. Chaturvedi
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- The
Chemistry Research Laboratory, The Department of Chemistry, Mansfield
Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Christo Z. Christov
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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Brewitz L, Tumber A, Pfeffer I, McDonough MA, Schofield CJ. Aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase: a high-throughput mass spectrometric assay for discovery of small molecule inhibitors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8650. [PMID: 32457455 PMCID: PMC7251097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human 2-oxoglutarate dependent oxygenase aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase (AspH) catalyses the hydroxylation of Asp/Asn-residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains (EGFDs). AspH is upregulated on the surface of malign cancer cells; increased AspH levels correlate with tumour invasiveness. Due to a lack of efficient assays to monitor the activity of isolated AspH, there are few reports of studies aimed at identifying small-molecule AspH inhibitors. Recently, it was reported that AspH substrates have a non-canonical EGFD disulfide pattern. Here we report that a stable synthetic thioether mimic of AspH substrates can be employed in solid phase extraction mass spectrometry based high-throughput AspH inhibition assays which are of excellent robustness, as indicated by high Z'-factors and good signal-to-noise/background ratios. The AspH inhibition assay was applied to screen approximately 1500 bioactive small-molecules, including natural products and active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved human therapeutics. Potent AspH inhibitors were identified from both compound classes. Our AspH inhibition assay should enable the development of potent and selective small-molecule AspH inhibitors and contribute towards the development of safer inhibitors for other 2OG oxygenases, e.g. screens of the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors revealed that vadadustat inhibits AspH with moderate potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Inga Pfeffer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A McDonough
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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126
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Mi X, Li Z, Yan J, Li Y, Zheng J, Zhuang Z, Yang W, Gong L, Shi J. Activation of HIF-1 signaling ameliorates liver steatosis in zebrafish atp7b deficiency (Wilson's disease) models. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165842. [PMID: 32446740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by excess copper accumulated in the liver and brain. It is caused by mutations in the copper transporter gene ATP7B. However, based on the poor understanding of the transcriptional program involved in the pathogenesis of Wilson's disease and the lack of more safe and efficient therapies, the identification of novel pathways and the establishment of complementary model systems of Wilson's disease are urgently needed. Herein, we generated two zebrafish atp7b-mutant lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system, and the mutants developed hepatic and behavioral deficits similar to those observed in humans with Wilson's disease. Interestingly, we found that atp7b-deficient zebrafish embryos developed liver steatosis under low-dose Cu exposure, and behavioral deficits appeared under high-dose Cu exposure. Analyses of publicly available transcriptomic data from ATP7B-knockout HepG2 cells demonstrated that the HIF-1 signaling pathway is downregulated in ATP7B-knockout HepG2 cells compared with wildtype cells following Cu exposure. The HIF-1 signaling pathway was also downregulated in our atp7b-deficient zebrafish mutants following Cu exposure. Furthermore, we demonstrate that activation of the HIF-1 signaling pathway with the chemical compound FG-4592 or DMOG ameliorates liver steatosis and reduces accumulated Cu levels in zebrafish atp7b deficiency models. These findings introduce a novel prospect that modulation of the HIF-1 signaling pathway should be explored as a novel strategy to reduce copper toxicity in Wilson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Mi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Yan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingniang Li
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhuang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Gong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junping Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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127
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Ciesielski O, Biesiekierska M, Panthu B, Vialichka V, Pirola L, Balcerczyk A. The Epigenetic Profile of Tumor Endothelial Cells. Effects of Combined Therapy with Antiangiogenic and Epigenetic Drugs on Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072606. [PMID: 32283668 PMCID: PMC7177242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors require a constant supply of nutrients to grow which are provided through tumor blood vessels. To metastasize, tumors need a route to enter circulation, that route is also provided by tumor blood vessels. Thus, angiogenesis is necessary for both tumor progression and metastasis. Angiogenesis is tightly regulated by a balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Angiogenic factors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family lead to the activation of endothelial cells, proliferation, and neovascularization. Significant VEGF-A upregulation is commonly observed in cancer cells, also due to hypoxic conditions, and activates endothelial cells (ECs) by paracrine signaling stimulating cell migration and proliferation, resulting in tumor-dependent angiogenesis. Conversely, antiangiogenic factors inhibit angiogenesis by suppressing ECs activation. One of the best-known anti-angiogenic factors is thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In pathological angiogenesis, the balance shifts towards the proangiogenic factors and an angiogenic switch that promotes tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the current literature supporting the notion of the existence of two different endothelial lineages: normal endothelial cells (NECs), representing the physiological form of vascular endothelium, and tumor endothelial cells (TECs), which are strongly promoted by the tumor microenvironment and are biologically different from NECs. The angiogenic switch would be also important for the explanation of the differences between NECs and TECs, as angiogenic factors, cytokines and growth factors secreted into the tumor microenvironment may cause genetic instability. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic differences between the two endothelial lineages, which provide a possible window for pharmacological targeting of TECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Ciesielski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Biesiekierska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Varvara Vialichka
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Luciano Pirola
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-45-10
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128
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Targeting immunometabolism as an anti-inflammatory strategy. Cell Res 2020; 30:300-314. [PMID: 32132672 PMCID: PMC7118080 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing field of immunometabolism has taught us how metabolic cellular reactions and processes not only provide a means to generate ATP and biosynthetic precursors, but are also a way of controlling immunity and inflammation. Metabolic reprogramming of immune cells is essential for both inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory responses. Four anti-inflammatory therapies, DMF, Metformin, Methotrexate and Rapamycin all work by affecting metabolism and/or regulating or mimicking endogenous metabolites with anti-inflammatory effects. Evidence is emerging for the targeting of specific metabolic events as a strategy to limit inflammation in different contexts. Here we discuss these recent developments and speculate on the prospect of targeting immunometabolism in the effort to develop novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics. As accumulating evidence for roles of an intricate and elaborate network of metabolic processes, including lipid, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism provides key focal points for developing new therapies, we here turn our attention to glycolysis and the TCA cycle to provide examples of how metabolic intermediates and enzymes can provide potential novel therapeutic targets.
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129
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Nishide S, Uchida J, Matsunaga S, Tokudome K, Yamaguchi T, Kabei K, Moriya T, Miura K, Nakatani T, Tomita S. Prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors reconstitute tumor blood vessels in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 143:122-126. [PMID: 32199747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor blood vessels have leaky and low blood flow properties, which lead to hypoxia and low nutrient levels in the tumor tissue area known as the tumor microenvironment (TME). We reported that the prolyl-hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor Roxadustat normalized tumor blood vessels, improved tumor tissue perfusion, and re-oxygenated the tumor tissue. Recently, several PHD inhibitors including Roxadustat, Daprodustat, Molidustat, and Vadadustat, were evaluated in clinical trials and approved for treating renal anemia. In this study, we showed that PHD inhibitors reconstituted tumor blood vessels and improved the TME, and some agents exhibited differential effects on tumors in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Nishide
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Junji Uchida
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Tokudome
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabei
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Taiki Moriya
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nakatani
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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130
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Laitakari A, Huttunen R, Kuvaja P, Hannuksela P, Szabo Z, Heikkilä M, Kerkelä R, Myllyharju J, Dimova EY, Serpi R, Koivunen P. Systemic long-term inactivation of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 ameliorates aging-induced changes in mice without affecting their life span. FASEB J 2020; 34:5590-5609. [PMID: 32100354 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902331r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia inactivates hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4Hs), which stabilize HIF and upregulate genes to restore tissue oxygenation. HIF-P4Hs can also be inhibited by small molecules studied in clinical trials for renal anemia. Knowledge of systemic long-term inactivation of HIF-P4Hs is limited but crucial, since HIF overexpression is associated with cancers. We aimed to determine the effects of systemic genetic inhibition of the most abundant isoenzyme HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylase-2 (HIF-P4H-2)/PHD2/EglN1 on life span and tissue homeostasis in aged mice. Our data showed no difference between wild-type and HIF-P4H-2-deficient mice in the average age reached. There were several differences, however, in the primary causes of death and comorbidities, the HIF-P4H-2-deficient mice having less inflammation, liver diseases, including cancer, and myocardial infarctions, and not developing anemia. No increased cancer incidence was observed due to HIF-P4H-2-deficiency. These data suggest that chronic inactivation of HIF-P4H-2 is not harmful but rather improves the quality of life in senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laitakari
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Huttunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paula Kuvaja
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pauliina Hannuksela
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Heikkilä
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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131
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Holt‐Martyn JP, Chowdhury R, Tumber A, Yeh T, Abboud MI, Lippl K, Lohans CT, Langley GW, Figg W, McDonough MA, Pugh CW, Ratcliffe PJ, Schofield CJ. Structure-Activity Relationship and Crystallographic Studies on 4-Hydroxypyrimidine HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:270-273. [PMID: 31751494 PMCID: PMC7496690 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) are targets for treatment of a variety of diseases including anaemia. One PHD inhibitor is approved for use for the treatment of renal anaemia and others are in late stage clinical trials. The number of reported templates for PHD inhibition is limited. We report structure-activity relationship and crystallographic studies on a promising class of 4-hydroxypyrimidine-containing PHD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Holt‐Martyn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Tzu‐Lan Yeh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Martine I. Abboud
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Kerstin Lippl
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Christopher T. Lohans
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Gareth W. Langley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - William Figg
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Michael A. McDonough
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Peter J. Ratcliffe
- NDM Research BuildingUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7FZUK
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonNW1 1ATUK
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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132
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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors induce autophagy and have a protective effect in an in-vitro ischaemia model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1597. [PMID: 32005890 PMCID: PMC6994562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared effects of five hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) inhibitors on PC12 cells and primary rat neurons following oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). At 100 µM, the PHD inhibitors did not cause cytotoxicity and apoptosis. MTT activity was only significantly reduced by FG4592 or Bayer 85-3934 in PC12 cells. The PHD inhibitors at 100 µM significantly increased the LC3-II/LC3-I expression ratio and downregulated p62 in PC12 cells, so did FG4592 (30 µM) and DMOG (100 µM) in neurons. HIF-1α was stabilised in PC12 cells by all the PHD inhibitors at 100 µM except for DMOG, which stabilised HIF-1α at 1 and 2 mM. In primary neurons, HIF-1α was stabilised by FG4592 (30 µM) and DMOG (100 µM). Pretreatment with the PHD inhibitors 24 hours followed by 24 hour reoxygenation prior to 6 hours OGD (0.3% O2) significantly reduced LDH release and increased MTT activity compared to vehicle (1% DMSO) pretreatment. In conclusion, the PHD inhibitors stabilise HIF-1α in normoxia, induce autophagy, and protect cells from a subsequent OGD insult. The new class of PHD inhibitors (FG4592, FG2216, GSK1278863, Bay85-3934) have the higher potency than DMOG. The interplay between autophagy, HIF stabilisation and neuroprotection in ischaemic stroke merits further investigation.
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133
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Chaturvedi S, Ramanan R, Lehnert N, Schofield CJ, Karabencheva-Christova TG, Christov CZ. Catalysis by the Non-Heme Iron(II) Histone Demethylase PHF8 Involves Iron Center Rearrangement and Conformational Modulation of Substrate Orientation. ACS Catal 2020; 10:1195-1209. [PMID: 31976154 PMCID: PMC6970271 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PHF8 (KDM7B) is a human non-heme 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) JmjC domain oxygenase that catalyzes the demethylation of the di/mono-Nε-methylated K9 residue of histone H3. Altered PHF8 activity is linked to genetic diseases and cancer; thus, it is an interesting target for epigenetic modulation. We describe the use of combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the mechanism of PHF8, including dioxygen activation, 2OG binding modes, and substrate demethylation steps. A PHF8 crystal structure manifests the 2OG C-1 carboxylate bound to iron in a nonproductive orientation, i.e., trans to His247. A ferryl-oxo intermediate formed by activating dioxygen bound to the vacant site in this complex would be nonproductive, i.e., "off-line" with respect to reaction with Nε-methylated K9. We show rearrangement of the "off-line" ferryl-oxo intermediate to a productive "in-line" geometry via a solvent exchange reaction (called "ferryl-flip") is energetically unfavorable. The calculations imply that movement of the 2OG C-1 carboxylate prior to dioxygen binding at a five-coordination stage in catalysis proceeds with a low barrier, suggesting that two possible 2OG C-1 carboxylate geometries can coexist at room temperature. We explored alternative mechanisms for hydrogen atom transfer and show that second sphere interactions orient the Nε-methylated lysine in a conformation where hydrogen abstraction from a methyl C-H bond is energetically more favorable than hydrogen abstraction from the N-H bond of the protonated Nε-methyl group. Using multiple HAT reaction path calculations, we demonstrate the crucial role of conformational flexibility in effective hydrogen transfer. Subsequent hydroxylation occurs through a rebound mechanism, which is energetically preferred compared to desaturation, due to second sphere interactions. The overall mechanistic insights reveal the crucial role of iron-center rearrangement, second sphere interactions, and conformational flexibility in PHF8 catalysis and provide knowledge useful for the design of mechanism-based PHF8 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit
S. Chaturvedi
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Rajeev Ramanan
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | | | - Christo Z. Christov
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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134
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Domene C, Jorgensen C, Schofield CJ. Mechanism of Molecular Oxygen Diffusion in a Hypoxia-Sensing Prolyl Hydroxylase Using Multiscale Simulation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2253-2263. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Domene
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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135
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Boyce MW, Simke WC, Kenney RM, Lockett MR. Generating linear oxygen gradients across 3D cell cultures with block-layered oxygen controlled chips (BLOCCs). ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:18-24. [PMID: 32190125 PMCID: PMC7079814 DOI: 10.1039/c9ay01690b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen is a transcriptional regulator responsible for tissue homeostasis and maintenance. Studies relating cellular phenotype with oxygen tension often use hypoxia chambers, which expose cells to a single, static oxygen tension. Despite their ease of use, these chambers are unable to replicate the oxygen gradients found in healthy and diseased tissues. Microfabricated devices capable of imposing an oxygen gradient across tissue-like structures are a promising tool for these studies, as they can provide a high density of information in a single experimental setup. We describe the fabrication and characterization of a modular device, which leverages the gas-permeability of silicone to impose gradients of oxygen across cell-containing regions, assembled by layering sheets of laser cut acrylic and silicone rubber. The silicone also acts as a barrier, separating the flowing gases from the cell culture medium, preventing evaporation or bubble formation in experiments that require prolonged periods of incubation. The acrylic components provide a rigid framework to provide a sterile culture environment. Using oxygen-sensing films, we show the device can support gradients of different ranges and steepness by simply changing the composition of the gases flowing through the silicone components of the BLOCC. Using a cell-based reporter assay, we demonstrate that cellular responses to hypoxia are proportional to oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Boyce
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - William C Simke
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA
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136
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Sulser P, Pickel C, Günter J, Leissing TM, Crean D, Schofield CJ, Wenger RH, Scholz CC. HIF hydroxylase inhibitors decrease cellular oxygen consumption depending on their selectivity. FASEB J 2019; 34:2344-2358. [PMID: 31908020 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902240r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic HIF hydroxylase inhibitors (HIs) are effective for the treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease patients and may also be beneficial for the treatment of diseases such as chronic inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The selectivities of many HIs for HIF hydroxylases and possible off-target effects in cellulo are unclear, delaying the translation from preclinical studies to clinical trials. We developed a novel assay that discriminates between the inhibition of HIF-α prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes and HIF-α asparagine hydroxylase factor inhibiting HIF (FIH). We characterized 15 clinical and preclinical HIs, categorizing them into pan-HIF-α hydroxylase (broad spectrum), PHD-selective, and FIH-selective inhibitors, and investigated their effects on HIF-dependent transcriptional regulation, erythropoietin production, and cellular energy metabolism. While energy homeostasis was generally maintained following HI treatment, the pan-HIs led to a stronger increase in pericellular pO2 than the PHD/FIH-selective HIs. Combined knockdown of FIH and PHD-selective inhibition did not further increase pericellular pO2 . Hence, the additional increase in pericellular pO2 by pan- over PHD-selective HIs likely reflects HIF hydroxylase independent off-target effects. Overall, these analyses demonstrate that HIs can lead to oxygen redistribution within the cellular microenvironment, which should be considered as a possible contributor to HI effects in the treatment of hypoxia-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Sulser
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Pickel
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Günter
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Leissing
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Crean
- School of Veterinary Medicine & UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland
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137
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Thevis M, Walpurgis K, Thomas A. Analytical Approaches in Human Sports Drug Testing: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Solutions. Anal Chem 2019; 92:506-523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Thevis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne 50933, Germany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA), Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Katja Walpurgis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Andreas Thomas
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne 50933, Germany
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138
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Babosova O, Kapralova K, Raskova Kafkova L, Korinek V, Divoky V, Prchal JT, Lanikova L. Iron chelation and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase inhibition suppress mantle cell lymphoma's cyclin D1. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7785-7795. [PMID: 31517438 PMCID: PMC6815829 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have translocation t(11;14) associated with cyclin D1 overexpression. We observed that iron (an essential cofactor of dioxygenases including prolyl hydroxylases [PHDs]) depletion by deferoxamine blocked MCL cells' proliferation, increased expression of DNA damage marker γH2AX, induced cell cycle arrest and decreased cyclin D1 level. Treatment of MCL cell lines with dimethyloxalylglycine, which blocks dioxygenases involving PHDs by competing with their substrate 2-oxoglutarate, leads to their decreased proliferation and the decrease of cyclin D1 level. We then postulated that loss of EGLN2/PHD1 in MCL cells may lead to down-regulation of cyclin D1 by blocking the degradation of FOXO3A, a cyclin D1 suppressor. However, the CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function of EGLN2/PHD1 did not affect cyclin D1 expression and the loss of FOXO3A did not restore cyclin D1 levels after iron chelation. These data suggest that expression of cyclin D1 in MCL is not controlled by ENGL2/PHD1-FOXO3A pathway and that chelation- and 2-oxoglutarate competition-mediated down-regulation of cyclin D1 in MCL cells is driven by yet unknown mechanism involving iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases other than PHD1. These data support further exploration of the use of iron chelation and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase inhibitors as a novel therapy of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Babosova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kapralova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine and VAH, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Leona Raskova Kafkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Korinek
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Divoky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef T Prchal
- Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine and VAH, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lucie Lanikova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine and VAH, Salt Lake City, Utah
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139
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Mechanisms of hypoxia signalling: new implications for nephrology. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:641-659. [PMID: 31488900 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) production by the liver and kidneys, one of the classical physiological responses to hypoxia, led to the discovery of human oxygen-sensing mechanisms, which are now being targeted therapeutically. The oxygen-sensitive signal is generated by 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that deploy molecular oxygen as a co-substrate to catalyse the post-translational hydroxylation of specific prolyl and asparaginyl residues in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a key transcription factor that regulates transcriptional responses to hypoxia. Hydroxylation of HIF at different sites promotes both its degradation and inactivation. Under hypoxic conditions, these processes are suppressed, enabling HIF to escape destruction and form active transcriptional complexes at thousands of loci across the human genome. Accordingly, HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors stabilize HIF and stimulate expression of HIF target genes, including the EPO gene. These molecules activate endogenous EPO gene expression in diseased kidneys and are being developed, or are already in clinical use, for the treatment of renal anaemia. In this Review, we summarize information on the molecular circuitry of hypoxia signalling pathways underlying these new treatments and highlight some of the outstanding questions relevant to their clinical use.
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140
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Pickel C, Günter J, Ruiz-Serrano A, Spielmann P, Fabrizio JA, Wolski W, Peet DJ, Wenger RH, Scholz CC. Oxygen-dependent bond formation with FIH regulates the activity of the client protein OTUB1. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101265. [PMID: 31299612 PMCID: PMC6624438 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein:protein interactions are the basis of molecular communication and are usually of transient non-covalent nature, while covalent interactions other than ubiquitination are rare. For cellular adaptations, the cellular oxygen and peroxide sensor factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) confers oxygen and oxidant stress sensitivity to the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) by asparagine hydroxylation. We investigated whether FIH contributes to hypoxia adaptation also through other mechanisms and identified a hypoxia sensitive, likely covalent, bond formation by FIH with several client proteins, including the deubiquitinase ovarian tumor domain containing ubiquitin aldehyde binding protein 1 (OTUB1). Biochemical analyses were consistent with a co-translational amide bond formation between FIH and OTUB1, occurring within mammalian and bacterial cells but not between separately purified proteins. Bond formation is catalysed by FIH and highly dependent on oxygen availability in the cellular microenvironment. Within cells, a heterotrimeric complex is formed, consisting of two FIH and one covalently linked OTUB1. Complexation of OTUB1 by FIH regulates OTUB1 deubiquitinase activity. Our findings reveal an alternative mechanism for hypoxia adaptation with remarkably high oxygen sensitivity, mediated through covalent protein-protein interactions catalysed by an asparagine modifying dioxygenase. FIH forms a (likely amide) bond with client proteins. Bond formation is highly hypoxia sensitive and occurs co-translationally. FIH forms a heterotrimer with the client protein OTUB1 (FIH2OTUB11). Complex formation between OTUB1 and FIH regulates OTUB1 deubiquitinase activity. Bond formation by hydroxylases is an alternative mechanism for hypoxia adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pickel
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Günter
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research 'Kidney.CH', Switzerland
| | | | - Patrick Spielmann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Witold Wolski
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Peet
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research 'Kidney.CH', Switzerland.
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research 'Kidney.CH', Switzerland.
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141
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Sanghani NS, Haase VH. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Activators in Renal Anemia: Current Clinical Experience. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2019; 26:253-266. [PMID: 31477256 PMCID: PMC7318915 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain oxygen sensors are dioxygenases that regulate the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which controls renal and hepatic erythropoietin production and coordinates erythropoiesis with iron metabolism. Small molecule inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylase domain dioxygenases (HIF-PHI [prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor]) stimulate the production of endogenous erythropoietin and improve iron metabolism resulting in efficacious anemia management in patients with CKD. Three oral HIF-PHIs-daprodustat, roxadustat, and vadadustat-have now advanced to global phase III clinical development culminating in the recent licensing of roxadustat for oral anemia therapy in China. Here, we survey current clinical experience with HIF-PHIs, discuss potential therapeutic advantages, and deliberate over safety concerns regarding long-term administration in patients with renal anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil S Sanghani
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
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142
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Chen R, Forsyth N. Editorial: The Development of New Classes of Hypoxia Mimetic Agents for Clinical Use. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:120. [PMID: 31297372 PMCID: PMC6607106 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoli Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
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143
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Stoehr A, Kennedy L, Yang Y, Patel S, Lin Y, Linask KL, Fergusson M, Zhu J, Gucek M, Zou J, Murphy E. The ribosomal prolyl-hydroxylase OGFOD1 decreases during cardiac differentiation and modulates translation and splicing. JCI Insight 2019; 5:128496. [PMID: 31112528 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms regulating translation and splicing are not well understood. We provide insight into a new regulator of translation, OGFOD1 (2-oxoglutarate and iron dependent oxygenase domain-containing protein 1), which is a prolyl-hydroxylase that catalyzes the posttranslational hydroxylation of Pro-62 in the small ribosomal protein S23. We show that deletion of OGFOD1 in an in vitro model of human cardiomyocytes decreases translation of specific proteins (e.g., RNA-binding proteins) and alters splicing. RNA sequencing showed poor correlation between changes in mRNA and protein synthesis, suggesting that posttranscriptional regulation was the primary cause for the observed differences. We found that loss of OGFOD1 and the resultant alterations in protein translation modulates the cardiac proteome, shifting it towards higher protein amounts of sarcomeric proteins such as cardiac troponins, titin and cardiac myosin binding protein C. Furthermore, we found a decrease of OGFOD1 during cardiomyocyte differentiation. These results suggest that loss of OGFOD1 modulates protein translation and splicing, thereby leading to alterations in the cardiac proteome and highlight the role of altered translation and splicing in regulating the proteome..
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongshun Lin
- iPS Cell Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaari L Linask
- iPS Cell Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jun Zhu
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core
| | | | - Jizhong Zou
- iPS Cell Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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144
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Strowitzki MJ, Cummins EP, Taylor CT. Protein Hydroxylation by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) Hydroxylases: Unique or Ubiquitous? Cells 2019; 8:cells8050384. [PMID: 31035491 PMCID: PMC6562979 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
All metazoans that utilize molecular oxygen (O2) for metabolic purposes have the capacity to adapt to hypoxia, the condition that arises when O2 demand exceeds supply. This is mediated through activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. At physiological oxygen levels (normoxia), HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) hydroxylate proline residues on HIF-α subunits leading to their destabilization by promoting ubiquitination by the von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) ubiquitin ligase and subsequent proteasomal degradation. HIF-α transactivation is also repressed in an O2-dependent way due to asparaginyl hydroxylation by the factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH). In hypoxia, the O2-dependent hydroxylation of HIF-α subunits by PHDs and FIH is reduced, resulting in HIF-α accumulation, dimerization with HIF-β and migration into the nucleus to induce an adaptive transcriptional response. Although HIFs are the canonical substrates for PHD- and FIH-mediated protein hydroxylation, increasing evidence indicates that these hydroxylases may also have alternative targets. In addition to PHD-conferred alterations in protein stability, there is now evidence that hydroxylation can affect protein activity and protein/protein interactions for alternative substrates. PHDs can be pharmacologically inhibited by a new class of drugs termed prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors which have recently been approved for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. The identification of alternative targets of HIF hydroxylases is important in order to fully elucidate the pharmacology of hydroxylase inhibitors (PHI). Despite significant technical advances, screening, detection and verification of alternative functional targets for PHDs and FIH remain challenging. In this review, we discuss recently proposed non-HIF targets for PHDs and FIH and provide an overview of the techniques used to identify these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz J Strowitzki
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Eoin P Cummins
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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145
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Bidirectional modulation of HIF-2 activity through chemical ligands. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 15:367-376. [PMID: 30804532 PMCID: PMC6447045 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2) is a heterodimeric transcription factor formed through dimerization between an oxygen-sensitive HIF-2α subunit and its obligate partner subunit ARNT. Enhanced HIF-2 activity drives some cancers, whereas reduced activity causes anemia in chronic kidney disease. Therefore, modulation of HIF-2 activity via direct-binding ligands could provide many new therapeutic benefits. Here, we explored HIF-2α chemical ligands using combined crystallographic, biophysical, and cell-based functional studies. We found chemically unrelated antagonists to employ the same mechanism of action. Their binding displaced residue M252 from inside the HIF-2α PAS-B pocket toward the ARNT subunit to weaken heterodimerization. We also identified first-in-class HIF-2α agonists and found that they significantly displaced pocket residue Y281. Its dramatic side chain movement increases heterodimerization stability and transcriptional activity. Our findings show that despite binding to the same HIF-2α PAS-B pocket, ligands can manifest as inhibitors versus activators by mobilizing different pocket residues to allosterically alter HIF-2α-ARNT heterodimerization.
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146
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Holt-Martyn JP, Tumber A, Rahman MZ, Lippl K, Figg W, McDonough MA, Chowdhury R, Schofield CJ. Studies on spiro[4.5]decanone prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:500-504. [PMID: 31057728 PMCID: PMC6482412 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00548f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) are targets for treatment of anaemia and other ischaemia related diseases. PHD inhibitors are in clinical trials; however, the number of reported templates for PHD inhibition is limited. We report structure-activity relationship and crystallographic studies on spiro[4.5]decanone containing PHD inhibitors. Together with other studies, our results reveal spiro[4.5]decanones as useful templates for generation of potent and selective 2OG oxygenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Holt-Martyn
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Mohammed Z Rahman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Kerstin Lippl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - William Figg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Michael A McDonough
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
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147
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Waheed SO, Ramanan R, Chaturvedi SS, Ainsley J, Evison M, Ames JM, Schofield CJ, Christov CZ, Karabencheva-Christova TG. Conformational flexibility influences structure-function relationships in nucleic acid N-methyl demethylases. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2223-2231. [PMID: 30720838 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00162j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
N-Methylation of DNA/RNA bases can be regulatory or damaging and is linked to diseases including cancer and genetic disorders. Bacterial AlkB and human FTO are DNA/RNA demethylases belonging to the Fe(ii) and 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase superfamily. Modelling studies reveal conformational dynamics influence structure-function relationships of AlkB and FTO, e.g. why 1-methyladenine is a better substrate for AlkB than 6-methyladenine. Simulations show that the flexibility of the double stranded DNA substrate in AlkB influences correlated motions, including between the core jelly-roll fold and an active site loop involved in substrate binding. The FTO N- and C-terminal domains move in respect to one another in a manner likely important for substrate binding. Substitutions, including clinically observed ones, influencing catalysis contribute to the network of correlated motions in AlkB and FTO. Overall, the calculations highlight the importance of the overall protein environment and its flexibility to the geometry of the reactant complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodiq O Waheed
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA.
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148
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Núñez MT, Hidalgo C. Noxious Iron-Calcium Connections in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:48. [PMID: 30809110 PMCID: PMC6379295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and calcium share the common feature of being essential for normal neuronal function. Iron is required for mitochondrial function, synaptic plasticity, and the development of cognitive functions whereas cellular calcium signals mediate neurotransmitter exocytosis, axonal growth and synaptic plasticity, and control the expression of genes involved in learning and memory processes. Recent studies have revealed that cellular iron stimulates calcium signaling, leading to downstream activation of kinase cascades engaged in synaptic plasticity. The relationship between calcium and iron is Janus-faced, however. While under physiological conditions iron-mediated reactive oxygen species generation boosts normal calcium-dependent signaling pathways, excessive iron levels promote oxidative stress leading to the upsurge of unrestrained calcium signals that damage mitochondrial function, among other downstream targets. Similarly, increases in mitochondrial calcium to non-physiological levels result in mitochondrial dysfunction and a predicted loss of iron homeostasis. Hence, if uncontrolled, the iron/calcium self-feeding cycle becomes deleterious to neuronal function, leading eventually to neuronal death. Here, we review the multiple cell-damaging responses generated by the unregulated iron/calcium self-feeding cycle, such as excitotoxicity, free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, and the oxidative modification of crucial components of iron and calcium homeostasis/signaling: the iron transporter DMT1, plasma membrane, and intracellular calcium channels and pumps. We discuss also how iron-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium contributes to the generation of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tulio Núñez
- Iron and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, CEMC, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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149
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Thinnes CC, Lohans CT, Abboud MI, Yeh T, Tumber A, Nowak RP, Attwood M, Cockman ME, Oppermann U, Loenarz C, Schofield CJ. Selective Inhibitors of a Human Prolyl Hydroxylase (OGFOD1) Involved in Ribosomal Decoding. Chemistry 2019; 25:2019-2024. [PMID: 30427558 PMCID: PMC6471485 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human prolyl hydroxylases are involved in the modification of transcription factors, procollagen, and ribosomal proteins, and are current medicinal chemistry targets. To date, there are few reports on inhibitors selective for the different types of prolyl hydroxylases. We report a structurally informed template-based strategy for the development of inhibitors selective for the human ribosomal prolyl hydroxylase OGFOD1. These inhibitors did not target the other human oxygenases tested, including the structurally similar hypoxia-inducible transcription factor prolyl hydroxylase, PHD2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tzu‐Lan Yeh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
| | - Radosław P. Nowak
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
- Department of Cancer BiologyDana-Farber Cancer InstituteBoston, MA02215USA
| | - Martin Attwood
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7BNUK
| | - Matthew E. Cockman
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7BNUK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
| | - Christoph Loenarz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg79104FreiburgGermany
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Chen AY, Adamek RN, Dick BL, Credille CV, Morrison CN, Cohen SM. Targeting Metalloenzymes for Therapeutic Intervention. Chem Rev 2019; 119:1323-1455. [PMID: 30192523 PMCID: PMC6405328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes are central to a wide range of essential biological activities, including nucleic acid modification, protein degradation, and many others. The role of metalloenzymes in these processes also makes them central for the progression of many diseases and, as such, makes metalloenzymes attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Increasing awareness of the role metalloenzymes play in disease and their importance as a class of targets has amplified interest in the development of new strategies to develop inhibitors and ultimately useful drugs. In this Review, we provide a broad overview of several drug discovery efforts focused on metalloenzymes and attempt to map out the current landscape of high-value metalloenzyme targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Rebecca N Adamek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Benjamin L Dick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Cy V Credille
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Christine N Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
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