101
|
Lei ZN, Teng QX, Tian Q, Chen W, Xie Y, Wu K, Zeng Q, Zeng L, Pan Y, Chen ZS, He Y. Signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions in gastric cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:358. [PMID: 36209270 PMCID: PMC9547882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in global cancer diagnosis and fourth in cancer-related death. Despite tremendous progress in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies and significant improvements in patient survival, the low malignancy stage is relatively asymptomatic and many GC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, which leads to unsatisfactory prognosis and high recurrence rates. With the recent advances in genome analysis, biomarkers have been identified that have clinical importance for GC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Modern molecular classifications have uncovered the vital roles that signaling pathways, including EGFR/HER2, p53, PI3K, immune checkpoint pathways, and cell adhesion signaling molecules, play in GC tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic responsiveness. These biomarkers and molecular classifications open the way for more precise diagnoses and treatments for GC patients. Nevertheless, the relative significance, temporal activation, interaction with GC risk factors, and crosstalk between these signaling pathways in GC are not well understood. Here, we review the regulatory roles of signaling pathways in GC potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets with an emphasis on recent discoveries. Current therapies, including signaling-based and immunotherapies exploited in the past decade, and the development of treatment for GC, particularly the challenges in developing precision medications, are discussed. These advances provide a direction for the integration of clinical, molecular, and genomic profiles to improve GC diagnosis and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ning Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Qin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhao Xie
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianlin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yihang Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
| | - Yulong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Ureña-Vacas I, González-Burgos E, Divakar PK, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Lichen Depsidones with Biological Interest. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:855-880. [PMID: 34034351 DOI: 10.1055/a-1482-6381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Depsidones are some of the most abundant secondary metabolites produced by lichens. These compounds have aroused great pharmacological interest due to their activities as antioxidants, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic agents. Hence, this paper aims to provide up-to-date knowledge including an overview of the potential biological interest of lichen depsidones. So far, the most studied depsidones are fumarprotocetraric acid, lobaric acid, norstictic acid, physodic acid, salazinic acid, and stictic acid. Their pharmacological activities have been mainly investigated in in vitro studies and, to a lesser extent, in in vivo studies. No clinical trials have been performed yet. Depsidones are promising cytotoxic agents that act against different cell lines of animal and human origin. Moreover, these compounds have shown antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, mainly Candida spp. Furthermore, depsidones have antioxidant properties as revealed in oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo models. Future research should be focused on further investigating the mechanism of action of depsidones and in evaluating new potential actions as well as other depsidones that have not been studied yet from a pharmacological perspective. Likewise, more in vivo studies are prerequisite, and clinical trials for the most promising depsidones are encouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ureña-Vacas
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (Spain)
| | - Elena González-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (Spain)
| | - Pradeep Kumar Divakar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (Spain)
| | - M Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (Spain)
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Kim SY, Yin J, Bohlman S, Walker P, Dacic S, Kim C, Khan H, Liu SV, Ma PC, Nagasaka M, Reckamp KL, Abraham J, Uprety D, Wang F, Xiu J, Zhang J, Cheng H, Halmos B. Characterization of MET Exon 14 Skipping Alterations (in NSCLC) and Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets Using Whole Transcriptome Sequencing. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100381. [PMID: 36082279 PMCID: PMC9445394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genomic alterations in the juxtamembrane exon 14 splice sites in NSCLC lead to increased MET stability and oncogenesis. We present the largest cohort study of MET Exon 14 (METex14) using whole transcriptome sequencing. Methods A total of 21,582 NSCLC tumor samples underwent complete genomic profiling with next-generation sequencing of DNA (592 Gene Panel, NextSeq, whole exome sequencing, NovaSeq) and RNA (NovaSeq, whole transcriptome sequencing). Clinicopathologic information including programmed death-ligand 1 and tumor mutational burden were collected and RNA expression for mutation subtypes and MET amplification were quantified. Immunogenic signatures and potential pathways of invasion were characterized using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and mRNA gene signatures. Results A total of 533tumors (2.47%) with METex14 were identified. The most common alterations were point mutations (49.5%) at donor splice sites. Most alterations translated to increased MET expression, with MET co-amplification resulting in synergistic increase in expression (q < 0.05). Common coalterations were amplifications of MDM2 (19.0% versus 1.8% wild-type [WT]), HMGA2 (13.2% versus 0.98% WT), and CDK4 (10.0% versus 1.5% WT) (q < 0.05). High programmed death-ligand 1 > 50% (52.5% versus 27.3% WT, q < 0.0001) and lower proportion of high tumor mutational burden (>10 mutations per megabase, 8.3% versus 36.7% WT, p < 0.0001) were associated with METex14, which were also enriched in both immunogenic signatures and immunosuppressive checkpoints. Pathways associated with METex14 included angiogenesis and apical junction pathways (q < 0.05). Conclusions METex14 splicing alterations and MET co-amplification translated to higher and synergistic MET expression at the transcriptomic level. High frequencies of MDM2 and CDK4 co-amplifications and association with multiple immunosuppressive checkpoints and angiogenic pathways provide insight into potential actionable targets for combination strategies in METex14 NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jun Yin
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Stephen Bohlman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Sanja Dacic
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chul Kim
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Hina Khan
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Stephen V. Liu
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | | | - Haiying Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York
- Corresponding author. Address for correspondence: Balazs Halmos, MD, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Yao H, Ren Y, Yan J, Liu J, Hu J, Yan M, Li X. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of New Mesenchymal–Epithelial Transition Factor (c-Met) Kinase Inhibitors with Dual Chiral Centers. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175359. [PMID: 36080127 PMCID: PMC9457593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of tepotinib derivatives with two chiral centers was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anticancer agents. The optimal compound (R, S)-12a strongly exhibited antiproliferative activity against MHCC97H cell lines with an IC50 value of 0.002 μM, compared to tepotinib (IC50 = 0.013 μM). Mechanistic studies revealed that compound (R, S)-12a significantly inhibited c-Met activation, as well as the downstream AKT signaling pathway, and suppressed wound closure. Moreover, compound (R, S)-12a induced cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in a dose-dependent fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiadai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Xingshu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Barzaman K, Vafaei R, Samadi M, Kazemi MH, Hosseinzadeh A, Merikhian P, Moradi-Kalbolandi S, Eisavand MR, Dinvari H, Farahmand L. Anti-cancer therapeutic strategies based on HGF/MET, EpCAM, and tumor-stromal cross talk. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:259. [PMID: 35986321 PMCID: PMC9389806 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As an intelligent disease, tumors apply several pathways to evade the immune system. It can use alternative routes to bypass intracellular signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Wnt, and mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Therefore, these mechanisms lead to therapeutic resistance in cancer. Also, these pathways play important roles in the proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion of cells. In most cancers, these signaling pathways are overactivated, caused by mutation, overexpression, etc. Since numerous molecules share these signaling pathways, the identification of key molecules is crucial to achieve favorable consequences in cancer therapy. One of the key molecules is the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET; c-Met) and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Another molecule is the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), which its binding is hemophilic. Although both of them are involved in many physiologic processes (especially in embryonic stages), in some cancers, they are overexpressed on epithelial cells. Since they share intracellular pathways, targeting them simultaneously may inhibit substitute pathways that tumor uses to evade the immune system and resistant to therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
106
|
Chu PY, Huang WC, Tung SL, Tsai CY, Chen CJ, Liu YC, Lee CW, Lin YH, Lin HY, Chen CY, Yeh CT, Lin KH, Chi HC. IFITM3 promotes malignant progression, cancer stemness and chemoresistance of gastric cancer by targeting MET/AKT/FOXO3/c-MYC axis. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:124. [PMID: 35941699 PMCID: PMC9361616 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeting the HGF/MET signaling pathway has been a viable therapeutic strategy for various cancer types due to hyperactivation of HGF/MET axis occurs frequently that leads to detrimental cancer progression and recurrence. Deciphering novel molecule mechanisms underlying complex HGF/MET signaling network is therefore critical to development of effective therapeutics for treating MET-dependent malignancies. Results Using isobaric mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach, we identified IFITM3, an interferon-induced transmembrane protein that was highly expressed in micro-dissected gastric cancer (GC) tumor regions relative to adjacent non-tumor epithelia. Analyses of GC clinical specimens revealed that expression IFITM3 was closely correlated to advanced pathological stages. IFITM3 has been reported as a PIP3 scaffold protein that promotes PI3K signaling. In present study, we unprecedentedly unraveled that IFITM3 associated with MET and AKT to facilitate HGF/MET mediated AKT signaling crosstalk in suppressing FOXO3, consequently leading to c-MYC mediated GC progression. In addition, gene ontology analyses of the clinical GC cohort revealed significant correlation between IFITM3-associated genes and targets of c-MYC, which is a crucial downstream effector of HGF/MET pathway in cancer progression. Moreover, we demonstrated ectopic expression of IFITM3 suppressed FOXO3 expression, consequently led to c-MYC induction to promote tumor growth, cell metastasis, cancer stemness as well as chemoresistance. Conversely, depletion of IFITM3 resulted in suppression of HGF triggered cellular growth and migration via inhibition of AKT/c-MYC signaling in GC. Conclusions In summary, our present study unveiled a novel regulatory mechanism for c-MYC-driven oncogenesis underlined by IFITM3-mediated signaling crosstalk between MET associated AKT signaling cascade. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00858-8.
Collapse
|
107
|
Transcriptomic Signature and Growth Factor Regulation of Castration-Tolerant Prostate Luminal Progenitor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153775. [PMID: 35954439 PMCID: PMC9367377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain poorly understood. LSCmed cells defines an FACS-enriched population of castration-tolerant luminal progenitor cells that has been proposed to promote tumorigenesis and CRPC in Pten-deficient mice. The goals of this study were to assess the relevance of LSCmed cells through the analysis of their molecular proximity with luminal progenitor-like cell clusters identified by single-cell (sc)RNA-seq analyses of mouse and human prostates, and to investigate their regulation by in silico-predicted growth factors present in the prostatic microenvironment. Methods: Several bioinformatic pipelines were used for pan-transcriptomic analyses. LSCmed cells isolated by cell sorting from healthy and malignant mouse prostates were characterized using RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and organoid assays. Results: LSCmed cells match (i) mouse luminal progenitor cell clusters identified in scRNA-seq analyses for which we provide a common 15-gene signature including the previously identified LSCmed marker Krt4, and (ii) Club/Hillock cells of the human prostate. This transcriptional overlap was maintained in cancer contexts. EGFR/ERBB4, IGF-1R and MET pathways were identified as autocrine/paracrine regulators of progenitor, proliferation and differentiation properties of LSCmed cells. The functional redundancy of these signaling pathways allows them to bypass the effect of receptor-targeted pharmacological inhibitors. Conclusions: Based on transcriptomic profile and pharmacological resistance to monotherapies that failed in CRPC patients, this study supports LSCmed cells as a relevant model to investigate the role of castration-tolerant progenitor cells in human prostate cancer progression.
Collapse
|
108
|
Castellano D, Apolo AB, Porta C, Capdevila J, Viteri S, Rodriguez-Antona C, Martin L, Maroto P. Cabozantinib combination therapy for the treatment of solid tumors: a systematic review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221108691. [PMID: 35923927 PMCID: PMC9340935 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221108691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cabozantinib monotherapy is approved for the treatment of several types of solid tumors. Investigation into the use of cabozantinib combined with other therapies is increasing. To understand the evidence in this area, we performed a systematic review of cabozantinib combination therapy for the treatment of solid tumors in adults. Methods This study was designed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020144680). On 9 October 2020, we searched for clinical trials and observational studies of cabozantinib as part of a combination therapy for solid tumors using Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases, and by screening relevant congress abstracts. Eligible studies reported clinical or safety outcomes, or biomarker data. Randomized and observational studies with a sample size of fewer than 25 and studies of cabozantinib monotherapy were excluded. For each study, quality was assessed using National Institute for Health and Care Excellence methodology, and the study characteristics were described qualitatively. This study was funded by Ipsen. Results Of 2421 citations identified, 32 articles were included (6 with results from randomized studies, 24 with results from non-randomized phase I or II studies, and 2 with results from both). The most commonly studied tumor types were metastatic urothelial carcinoma/genitourinary tumors and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Findings from randomized studies suggested that cabozantinib combined with other therapies may lead to better progression-free survival than some current standards of care in renal cell carcinoma, CRPC, and non-small-cell lung cancer. The most common adverse events were hypertension, diarrhea, and fatigue. Conclusion This review demonstrates the promising efficacy outcomes of cabozantinib combined with other therapies, and a safety profile similar to cabozantinib alone. However, the findings are limited by the fact that most of the identified studies were reported as congress abstracts only. More evidence from randomized trials is needed to explore cabozantinib as a combination therapy further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av Cordoba s/n, Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Andrea B. Apolo
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Camillo Porta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Jaume Capdevila
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Viteri
- Dr. Rosell Oncology Institute, Teknon Medical Center, QuironSalud Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Maroto
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
Collapse
|
110
|
Albaradei S, Albaradei A, Alsaedi A, Uludag M, Thafar MA, Gojobori T, Essack M, Gao X. MetastaSite: Predicting metastasis to different sites using deep learning with gene expression data. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:913602. [PMID: 35936793 PMCID: PMC9353773 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.913602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep learning has massive potential in predicting phenotype from different omics profiles. However, deep neural networks are viewed as black boxes, providing predictions without explanation. Therefore, the requirements for these models to become interpretable are increasing, especially in the medical field. Here we propose a computational framework that takes the gene expression profile of any primary cancer sample and predicts whether patients' samples are primary (localized) or metastasized to the brain, bone, lung, or liver based on deep learning architecture. Specifically, we first constructed an AutoEncoder framework to learn the non-linear relationship between genes, and then DeepLIFT was applied to calculate genes' importance scores. Next, to mine the top essential genes that can distinguish the primary and metastasized tumors, we iteratively added ten top-ranked genes based upon their importance score to train a DNN model. Then we trained a final multi-class DNN that uses the output from the previous part as an input and predicts whether samples are primary or metastasized to the brain, bone, lung, or liver. The prediction performances ranged from AUC of 0.93-0.82. We further designed the model's workflow to provide a second functionality beyond metastasis site prediction, i.e., to identify the biological functions that the DL model uses to perform the prediction. To our knowledge, this is the first multi-class DNN model developed for the generic prediction of metastasis to various sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayah Albaradei
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asim Alsaedi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmut Uludag
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A. Thafar
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Takashi Gojobori
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:910543. [PMID: 35935338 PMCID: PMC9354928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Min Wei
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hengzhu Zhang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Hengzhu Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Sun C, Chen Y, Kim NH, Lowe S, Ma S, Zhou Z, Bentley R, Chen YS, Tuason MW, Gu W, Bhan C, Tuason JPW, Thapa P, Cheng C, Zhou Q, Zhu Y. Identification and Verification of Potential Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer By Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:911740. [PMID: 35910202 PMCID: PMC9337873 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.911740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common cancer with high mortality. This study aimed to identify its differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using bioinformatics methods. Methods: DEGs were screened from four GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) gene expression profiles. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Expression and prognosis were assessed. Meta-analysis was conducted to further validate prognosis. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed to identify diagnostic markers, and a nomogram was developed. Exploration of drugs and immune cell infiltration analysis were conducted. Results: Nine up-regulated and three down-regulated hub genes were identified, with close relations to gastric functions, extracellular activities, and structures. Overexpressed Collagen Type VIII Alpha 1 Chain (COL8A1), Collagen Type X Alpha 1 Chain (COL10A1), Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1), and Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) correlated with poor prognosis. The area under the curve (AUC) of ADAM Metallopeptidase With Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif 2 (ADAMTS2), COL10A1, Collagen Type XI Alpha 1 Chain (COL11A1), and CTHRC1 was >0.9. A nomogram model based on CTHRC1 was developed. Infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells positively correlated with COL8A1, COL10A1, CTHRC1, and FAP. Meta-analysis confirmed poor prognosis of overexpressed CTHRC1. Conclusion: ADAMTS2, COL10A1, COL11A1, and CTHRC1 have diagnostic values in GC. COL8A1, COL10A1, CTHRC1, and FAP correlated with worse prognosis, showing prognostic and therapeutic values. The immune cell infiltration needs further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of the First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Na Hyun Kim
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Rachel Bentley
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Yi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Chandur Bhan
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Pratikshya Thapa
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ce Cheng
- The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Banner-University Medical Center South, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Qin Zhou
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yanzhe Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yanzhe Zhu,
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
A pharmacological exploration of targeted drug therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:147. [PMID: 35834033 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the prime cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a contribution of 85% from non-small cell lung cancer. Before a few decades back, conventional chemotherapy was the most chosen treatment option for NSCLC but with side effects. Now, the treatment approaches have shifted to a new trend, targeted therapy, and a better treatment strategy with minimal side effects compared to chemotherapy. Advances in technologies and understanding the pathways lead to the discovery of new targets and through which it is possible to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance. Unlike chemotherapy, targeted therapy focuses on the tumor cells and does not produce toxicity to healthy cells. The last two decades were very crucial in the development of many small molecules with the capability to target-specific proteins or genes in the disease progression pathway. Although the targeted therapy approach was a gemstone with many successful drugs for the treatment of NSCLC, various resistance mechanisms and activation of bypass signaling pathways put many of these drugs in the trash. In this review, we will discuss the major targeted proteins involved in NSCLC as well as the inhibitor drugs developed to target them for now and along with the future directions.
Collapse
|
114
|
Fan C, Xiong F, Tang Y, Li P, Zhu K, Mo Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Gong Z, Liao Q, Li G, Zeng Z, Guo C, Xiong W, Huang H. Construction of a lncRNA–mRNA Co-Expression Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:809760. [PMID: 35875165 PMCID: PMC9302896 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.809760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) widely regulate gene expression and play important roles in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including malignant tumors. However, the functions of most lncRNAs remain to be elucidated. In order to study and screen novel lncRNAs with important functions in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we constructed a lncRNA expression profile of 10 NPC tissues and 6 controls through a gene microarray. We identified 1,276 lncRNAs, of which most are unknown, with different expression levels in the healthy and NPC tissues. In order to shed light on the functions of these unknown lncRNAs, we first constructed a co-expression network of lncRNAs and mRNAs using bioinformatics and systematic biological approach. Moreover, mRNAs were clustered and enriched by their biological functions, and those lncRNAs have similar expression trends with mRNAs were defined as functional molecules with potential biological significance. The module may help identify key lncRNAs in the carcinogenesis of NPC and provide clues for in-depth study of their functions and associated signaling pathways. We suggest the newly identified lncRNAs may have clinic value as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NPC diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Panchun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kunjie Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojiang Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Xiong, ; He Huang,
| | - He Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Xiong, ; He Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Park JS, Kim D, Hong HS. Priming with a Combination of FGF2 and HGF Restores the Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132042. [PMID: 35805126 PMCID: PMC9265418 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical aging-associated diseases include osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis. Osteoporosis causes the bone to become brittle, increasing fracture risk. Among the various treatments for fractures, stem cell transplantation is currently in the spotlight. Poor paracrine/differentiation capacity, owing to donor age or clinical history, limits efficacy. Lower levels of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are involved in cell repopulation, angiogenesis, and bone formation in the elderly ADSCs (ADSC-E) than in the young ADSCs (ADSC-Y). Here, we study the effect of FGF2/HGF priming on the osteogenic potential of ADSC-E, determined by calcium deposition in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Age-induced FGF2/HGF deficiency was confirmed in ADSCs, and their supplementation enhanced the osteogenic differentiation ability of ADSC-E. Priming with FGF2/HGF caused an early shift of expression of osteogenic markers, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osterix, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during osteogenic differentiation. FGF2/HGF priming also created an environment favorable to osteogenesis by facilitating the secretion of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Bone tissue of ADSC-E origin was observed in mice transplanted with FGF/HGF-primed ADSC-E. Collectively, FGF2/HGF priming could enhance the bone-forming capacity in ADSC-E. Therefore, growth factor-mediated cellular priming can enhance ADSC differentiation in bone diseases and thus contributes to the increased efficacy in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Seop Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.S.P.); (D.K.)
| | - Doyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.S.P.); (D.K.)
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.S.P.); (D.K.)
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Kyung Hee Institute of Regenerative Medicine (KIRM), Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-958-1828
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Sharma M, Prasher P. C2-functionalized imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine: Synthesis and medicinal relevance. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2079091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
The study of direct and indirect effects of radiofrequency ablation on tumor microenvironment in liver tumor animal model. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:663. [PMID: 35710408 PMCID: PMC9205114 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Direct and indirect effects of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on tumor microenvironment of the liver tumor have been noted, which was reported to be related to a variety of tyrosine protein kinase or cytokinetic pathway, but have not been thoroughly investigated and conclusive. Purpose To elucidate direct and indirect effects of RFA on tumor microenvironment in the liver tumor model, and to explore the role of the specific inhibitor in tumor growth by targeting the key pathway of RFA. Materials and methods One hundred and ten mice with H22 liver tumor were used in animal experiments. Eighty-four mice were randomized into three groups: control, direct RFA and indirect RFA (a block slide was inside the middle of the tumor). The growth rate of the residual tumor after RFA was calculated (n = 8 each group) and the pathologic changes at different time points (6 h, 24 h, 72 h and 7d after RFA) were evaluated (n = 5 in each subgroup). After semi-quantitative analysis of the pathological staining, the most significant marker after RFA was selected. Then, the specific inhibitor (PHA) was applied with RFA and the tumor growth and pathological changes were evaluated and compared with RFA alone. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for evaluating the significance of different treatments in the pathological positive rate of specific markers in tumor. The two-way analysis of variance was used to determine the significance of treatment in tumor growth or body weight. Results The growth rate of the residual tumor in the direct RFA group was faster than the indirect RFA group (P = 0.026). The pathological analysis showed the expression of HSP70 (73 ± 13% vs 27 ± 9% at 24 h, P < 0.001), SMA (70 ± 18% vs 18 ± 7% at 6 h, P < 0.001) and Ki-67 (51 ± 11% vs 33 ± 14% at 7d, P < 0.001) in the direct RFA group was higher than those in the indirect RFA group after RFA. On the other hand, the expression of c-Met (38 ± 11% vs 28 ± 9% at 24 h, P = 0.01), IL-6 (41 ± 10% vs 25 ± 9% at 24 h, P < 0.001) and HIF-α (48 ± 10% vs 28 ± 8% at 24 h, P < 0.001) in the indirect RFA group was higher than those in the direct RFA group. And the expression of c-Met increased mostly in both direct and indirect RFA group compared to the baseline (53 and 65% at 72 h). Then the specific inhibitor of c-Met-PHA was applied with RFA. The growth rate of the tumor was significantly slower in the RFA + PHA group than the RFA alone group (1112.9 ± 465.6 mm3 vs 2162.7 ± 911.1 mm3 at day 16, P = 0.02). Conclusion Direct and indirect effects of RFA on tumor microenvironment changed at different time points and resulted in increased residual tumor growth in the animal model. It can be potentially neutralized with specific inhibitor of related pathways, such as tyrosine-protein kinase c-Met. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09730-x.
Collapse
|
118
|
The Double Engines and Single Checkpoint Theory of Endometriosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061403. [PMID: 35740424 PMCID: PMC9219825 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic disease characterized by the ectopic localization of the endometrial tissue in the peritoneal cavity. Consequently, it causes local pathological changes and systemic symptoms, affecting at least one in every ten women. This disease is difficult to diagnose early, it is prone to dissemination, is difficult to eradicate, tends to recur, and is regarded as “a cancer of no kill”. Indeed, the development of endometriosis closely resembles that of cancer in the way of mutagenesis, pelvic spreading, and immunological adaptation. While retrograde menstruation has been regarded as the primary cause of endometriosis, the role of ovulation and menstrual stimuli in the development of endometriosis has long been overlooked. The development of ovarian and peritoneal endometrioses, similar to the development of high-grade serous carcinoma in the fallopian tube fimbriae with intraperitoneal metastasis, depends highly on the carcinogens released during ovulation. Moreover, endometriosis carries an extremely hypermutated genome, which is non-inferior to the ultra-mutated endometrial cancer. The hypermutation would lead to an overproduction of new proteins or neoantigens. Because of this, the developing endometriosis may have to turn on the PD-1/PDL-1 “self-tolerance” checkpoint to evade immune surveillance, leaving an Achilles tendon for an immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we present the double engines and single checkpoint theory of the genesis of endometriosis, provide the current pieces of evidence supporting the hypothesis, and discuss the new directions of prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|
119
|
Barrachina F, de la Iglesia A, Jodar M, Soler-Ventura A, Mallofré C, Rodriguez-Carunchio L, Goudarzi A, Corral JM, Ballescà JL, Castillo J, Oliva R. Histone H4 acetylation is dysregulated in active seminiferous tubules adjacent to testicular tumours. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1712-1726. [PMID: 35678707 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is histone H4 acetylation (H4ac) altered in the seminiferous tubules of patients affected by testicular tumours? SUMMARY ANSWER A considerable dysregulation of H4ac was detected in the cells of the seminiferous tubules adjacent to testicular tumours of different aetiology and prior to any treatment, while no comparable alterations were observed in patients with disrupted spermatogenesis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Altered H4ac levels have been associated with a variety of testicular pathological conditions. However, no information has been available regarding potential alterations in the spermatogenic cells adjacent to the neoplasia in testicular tumour patients. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective analysis using testicular sections from 33 men aged between 21 and 74 years old was performed. Three study groups were defined and subjected to double-blind evaluation: a control group with normal spermatogenesis (n = 6), patients with testicular tumours (n = 18) and patients with spermatogenic impairments (n = 8). One additional sample with normal spermatogenesis was used as a technical internal control in all evaluations. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Immunohistochemistry against H4ac and, when needed, Placental-like alkaline phosphatase and CD117, was performed on testicular sections. The H4ac H-score, based on the percentage of detection and signal intensity, was used as the scoring method for statistical analyses. Protein expression data from the Human Protein Atlas were used to compare the expression levels of predicted secreted proteins from testicular tumours with those present in the normal tissue. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We revealed, for the first time, a dramatic disruption of the spermatogenic H4ac pattern in unaffected seminiferous tubule cells from different testicular tumour patients prior to any antineoplastic treatment, as compared to controls (P < 0.05). Since no similar alterations were associated with spermatogenic impairments and the in silico analysis revealed proteins potentially secreted by the tumour to the testicular stroma, we propose a potential paracrine effect of the neoplasia as a mechanistic hypothesis for this dysregulation. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Statistical analyses were not performed on the hypospermatogenesis and Leydig cell tumour groups due to limited availability of samples. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing an epigenetic alteration in cells from active seminiferous tubules adjacent to tumour cells in testicular tumour patients. Our results suggest that, despite presenting spermatogenic activity, the global epigenetic dysregulation found in the testicular tumour patients could lead to molecular alterations of the male germ cells. Since testicular tumours are normally diagnosed in men at reproductive age, H4ac alterations might have an impact when these testicular tumour patients express a desire for fatherhood. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the European Union Marie Curie European Training Network actions and by grants to R.O. from the 'Ministerio de Economía y Competividad (Spain)' (fondos FEDER 'una manera de hacer Europa', PI13/00699, PI16/00346 and PI20/00936) and from EU-FP7-PEOPLE-2011-ITN289880. J.C. was supported by the Sara Borrell Postdoctoral Fellowship, Acción Estratégica en Salud, CD17/00109. J.C. is a Serra Húnter fellow (Universitat de Barcelona, Generalitat de Catalunya). F.B. has received grants from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario (Spain) (FPU15/02306). A.d.l.I. is supported by a fellowship of the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Spain) (PFIS, FI17/00224). M.J. is supported by the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya, pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut, PERIS 2016-2020, SLT002/16/00337). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Barrachina
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto de la Iglesia
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ada Soler-Ventura
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Mallofré
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonardo Rodriguez-Carunchio
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Afsaneh Goudarzi
- CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Juan Manuel Corral
- Department of Urology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Ballescà
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Castillo
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Khabibov M, Garifullin A, Boumber Y, Khaddour K, Fernandez M, Khamitov F, Khalikova L, Kuznetsova N, Kit O, Kharin L. Signaling pathways and therapeutic approaches in glioblastoma multiforme (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 60:69. [PMID: 35445737 PMCID: PMC9084550 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor and is associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Despite the progress in the understanding of the molecular and genetic changes that promote tumorigenesis, effective treatment options are limited. The present review intended to identify and summarize major signaling pathways and genetic abnormalities involved in the pathogenesis of GBM, as well as therapies that target these pathways. Glioblastoma remains a difficult to treat tumor; however, in the last two decades, significant improvements in the understanding of GBM biology have enabled advances in available therapeutics. Significant genomic events and signaling pathway disruptions (NF‑κB, Wnt, PI3K/AKT/mTOR) involved in the formation of GBM were discussed. Current therapeutic options may only marginally prolong survival and the current standard of therapy cures only a small fraction of patients. As a result, there is an unmet requirement for further study into the processes of glioblastoma pathogenesis and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets in novel signaling pathways implicated in the evolution of glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marsel Khabibov
- Department of Oncology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Airat Garifullin
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Division of Hematology/Oncology at The Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Karam Khaddour
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Manuel Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Firat Khamitov
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Larisa Khalikova
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Natalia Kuznetsova
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Oleg Kit
- Abdominal Oncology Department, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Leonid Kharin
- Abdominal Oncology Department, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Costa AC, Santa-Cruz F, Araújo RLC, Leitão G, Figueiredo JL, Ferraz ÁAB. Analysis of cathepsin S expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and in Helicobacter pylori infection. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268836. [PMID: 35617240 PMCID: PMC9135267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent experimental studies have suggested a potential link between cathepsin S (CTTS) and gastric adenocarcinoma progression. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the expression of CTTS in gastric adenocarcinoma in patients who underwent curative-intent surgical resection. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that included two groups: gastric adenocarcinoma (n = 42) and gastritis (n = 50). The gastritis group was then subdivided into H. pylori-positive (n = 25) and H. pylori-negative (n = 25) groups. Gastric tissue samples were analysed to determine CTTS expression through immunohistochemistry. Samples were obtained by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy or surgical specimens. RESULTS In patients with gastritis, the age ranged from 18 to 78 years. Among them, 34% were male, and 66% were female. In patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, the age ranged from 37 to 85 years. Among them, 50% were male. When comparing the expression of CTTS between the two groups, only 16% of the gastritis samples had an expression higher than 25%. Alternatively, among patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 19% had expression between 25-50%, 14.3% between 51-75%, and 26.2% had expression higher than 75% (p < 0.001). In the gastritis group, CTTS expression was significantly higher in patients with a positive test for H. pylori than negative test for H. pylori: 87.5% and 38.5%, respectively (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant association between CTTS positivity and clinicopathological variables, including tumour staging, histological type, angiolymphatic invasion, recurrence, current status and death. CONCLUSION CTTS expression is higher in gastric adenocarcinoma samples. Patients with gastritis due to H. pylori also show a higher expression of CTTS than patients with negative results for this bacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano C. Costa
- Oncology Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco (HC-UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Post-graduation in Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Fernando Santa-Cruz
- Post-graduation in Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raphael L. C. Araújo
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauber Leitão
- Oncology Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco (HC-UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José-Luiz Figueiredo
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Álvaro A. B. Ferraz
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Soonnarong R, Putra ID, Sriratanasak N, Sritularak B, Chanvorachote P. Artonin F Induces the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation of c-Met and Decreases Akt-mTOR Signaling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050633. [PMID: 35631459 PMCID: PMC9145792 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies that selectively inhibit certain molecules in cancer cells have been considered promising for cancer treatment. In lung cancer, evidence has suggested that mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) oncoprotein drives cancer progression through its signaling transduction pathway. In this paper, we report the downregulation of c-Met by artonin F, a flavonoid isolated from Artocarpus gomezianus. Artonin F was found to be dominantly toxic to lung cancer cells by mediating apoptosis. With regard to its mechanism of action, artonin F downregulated c-Met expression, consequently suppressed the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, increased Bax expression, decreased Bcl-2 expression, and activated caspase-3. The depletion of c-Met was mediated by ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation following co-treatment with artonin F, with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 reversing its c-Met-targeting effect. The immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that artonin F significantly promoted the formation of the c-Met–ubiquitin complex. Given that ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) prevents c-Met degradation by deubiquitination, we performed a preliminary in silico molecular docking and observed that artonin F blocked the catalytic site of USP8. In addition, artonin F interacted with the catalytic residues of palmitoylating enzymes. By acting as a competitive inhibitor, artonin F could reduce the degree of palmitoylation of c-Met, which affected its stability and activity. In conclusion, c-Met is critical for cancer cell survival and the failure of chemotherapeutic regimens. This novel information on the c-Met downregulating effect of artonin F will be beneficial for the development of efficient anticancer strategies or targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rapeepun Soonnarong
- Interdisciplinary Program of Pharmacology Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (I.D.P.); (N.S.)
| | - Ismail Dwi Putra
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (I.D.P.); (N.S.)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nicharat Sriratanasak
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (I.D.P.); (N.S.)
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (I.D.P.); (N.S.)
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-8344
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Perrone C, Pomella S, Cassandri M, Pezzella M, Milano GM, Colletti M, Cossetti C, Pericoli G, Di Giannatale A, de Billy E, Vinci M, Petrini S, Marampon F, Quintarelli C, Taulli R, Roma J, Gallego S, Camero S, Mariottini P, Cervelli M, Maestro R, Miele L, De Angelis B, Locatelli F, Rota R. MET Inhibition Sensitizes Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells to NOTCH Signaling Suppression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:835642. [PMID: 35574376 PMCID: PMC9092259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.835642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric myogenic soft tissue sarcoma. The Fusion-Positive (FP) subtype expresses the chimeric protein PAX3-FOXO1 (P3F) while the Fusion-Negative (FN) is devoid of any gene translocation. FP-RMS and metastatic FN-RMS are often unresponsive to conventional therapy. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to halt tumor progression. NOTCH signaling has oncogenic functions in RMS and its pharmacologic inhibition through γ-secretase inhibitors blocks tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that NOTCH signaling blockade resulted in the up-regulation and phosphorylation of the MET oncogene in both RH30 (FP-RMS) and RD (FN-RMS) cell lines. Pharmacologic inhibition of either NOTCH or MET signaling slowed proliferation and restrained cell survival compared to control cells partly by increasing Annexin V and CASP3/7 activation. Co-treatment with NOTCH and MET inhibitors significantly amplified these effects and enhanced PARP1 cleavage in both cell lines. Moreover, it severely hampered cell migration, colony formation, and anchorage-independent growth compared to single-agent treatments in both cell lines and significantly prevented the growth of FN-RMS cells grown as spheroids. Collectively, our results unveil the overexpression of the MET oncogene by NOTCH signaling targeting in RMS cells and show that MET pathway blockade sensitizes them to NOTCH inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Perrone
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Pezzella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cossetti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pericoli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuel de Billy
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Josep Roma
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Research Insti-tute-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Research Insti-tute-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Brazel D, Zhang S, Nagasaka M. Spotlight on Tepotinib and Capmatinib for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation. LUNG CANCER (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2022; 13:33-45. [PMID: 35592355 PMCID: PMC9113513 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s360574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed, amplified, or mutated in 1-20% of NSCLC. MET dysregulation is associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, development of targeted therapies against MET exon 14 mutations has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in early trials. Here we focus on tepotinib and capmatinib in regards to molecular characteristics, early preclinical and clinical data, and the emerging role in future studies and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Brazel
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Zhao Y, Chen P, Lv HJ, Wu Y, Liu S, Deng X, Shi B, Fu J. Comprehensive Analysis of Expression and Prognostic Value of Selenoprotein Genes in Thyroid Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2022; 26:159-173. [PMID: 35481968 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low selenium levels are associated with an increased incidence and advanced stage of thyroid cancers (THCAs). In response to changes in selenium levels, a hierarchy of selenoprotein biosynthesis allows tissue-specific fine-tuning of the 25 selenoproteins. To determine the role of individual selenoproteins on thyroid carcinogenesis, we carried out a multiomic data mining study. Methods: The expression levels of individual selenoproteins and their correlations with prognosis in THCAs were analyzed using Oncomine, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier plotter platforms. Co-expression analyses using the cBioportal database were carried out to identify genes that are correlated with selenoproteins. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichments were performed for genes correlated with selenoproteins that were identified as clinically significant. Results and Discussion: DIO1, GPX3, SELENOO, SELENOP, SELENOS, and SELENOV were significantly downregulated in THCAs and were associated with poor prognoses. Biological processes including negative regulation of growth and angiogenesis were enriched in DIO1-positively and DIO1-negatively correlated genes, respectively. Many biological processes including negative regulation of growth and MAPK cascade were enriched in GPX3-positively and GPX3-negatively correlated genes, respectively. The antitumor effects of SELENOS might be attributed to their protection against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. SELENOO was revealed to be correlated with ER stress, mitochondrial translation, and telomere maintenance. Biological processes of SELENOV-correlated genes were enriched in redox processes and ER calcium ion homeostasis. Moreover, cell adhesion and angiogenesis were also shown to be negatively regulated by SELENOV, providing an antimetastatic effect similar as DIO1. Conclusion: This study explored the distinct roles of the 25 selenoproteins in THCA pathogenesis, providing potential oncosuppressing effects of 6 selenoproteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Jun Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xueyang Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Hu D, Li Z, Zheng B, Lin X, Pan Y, Gong P, Zhuo W, Hu Y, Chen C, Chen L, Zhou J, Wang L. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer: Challenges and opportunities. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:401-434. [PMID: 35481621 PMCID: PMC9118050 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is proposed to contribute substantially to the progression of cancers, including breast cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant components of the tumor microenvironment. Studies have revealed that CAFs in breast cancer originate from several types of cells and promote breast cancer malignancy by secreting factors, generating exosomes, releasing nutrients, reshaping the extracellular matrix, and suppressing the function of immune cells. CAFs are also becoming therapeutic targets for breast cancer due to their specific distribution in tumors and their unique biomarkers. Agents interrupting the effect of CAFs on surrounding cells have been developed and applied in clinical trials. Here, we reviewed studies examining the heterogeneity of CAFs in breast cancer and expression patterns of CAF markers in different subtypes of breast cancer. We hope that summarizing CAF-related studies from a historical perspective will help to accelerate the development of CAF-targeted therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengdi Hu
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China
| | - Xixi Lin
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Yuehong Pan
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China
| | - Peirong Gong
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China
| | - Wenying Zhuo
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China.,Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Hu
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315300, P. R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Lini Chen
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Song L, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Shao X, Xu Y, Pei D, Wang Q. ORP5 promotes tumor metastasis via stabilizing c-Met in renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:219. [PMID: 35449154 PMCID: PMC9023482 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
ORP5, a lipid transporter, has been reported to increase the metastasis of several cancers. However, the potential mechanisms of ORP5 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that ORP5 was commonly overexpressed in tumor cells and tissues of RCC, and associated with tumor progression. Overexpression of ORP5 could promote RCC cells migration and invasion. In addition, the results suggested that the expression of ORP5 was favorably associated with c-Met expression, and ORP5 promoted RCC cells metastasis by upregulating c-Met in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ORP5 facilitated the ubiquitination and degradation of c-Cbl (the E3 ligase of c-Met), and thus inhibited c-Met lysosomal degradation, which resulted in the stabilization of c-Met. In general, these findings revealed the role of ORP5 in contributing to tumorigenesis via upregulating c-Met in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Xiaotong Shao
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Dongsheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
| | - Qingling Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Lead generation of cysteine based mesenchymal epithelial transition (c-Met) kinase inhibitors: Using structure-based scaffold hopping, 3D-QSAR pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105526. [PMID: 35487125 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine-based mesenchymal-epithelial transition (c-Met) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a definitive role during cancer progression and was identified as a possible target for anti-angiogenesis drugs. In the present study, different protocols of computer-based drug design were performed. Construction of predictive pharmacophore model using HypoGen algorithm resulted in a validated model of four features of positive ionizable, hydrogen bond acceptor, hydrophobic, and ring aromatic features with a correlation coefficient of 0.87, a configuration cost of 14.95, and a cost difference of 357.92. The model revealed a promising predictive power and had >90% probability of representing true correlation with the activity data. The model was established using Fisher's validation test at the 95% confidence level and test set prediction (r = 0.96), furthermore, the model was validated by mapping of set of compounds undergoing clinical trials as class Ⅱ c-met inhibitors. The generated valid pharmacophore model was then anticipated for virtual screening of three data bases. Moreover, scaffold hopping using replace fragments protocol was implemented. Hits generated were filtered according to Lipinski's rule; 510 selected hits were anatomized and subjected to molecular docking studies into the crystal structure of c-Met kinase. The good correlation between docking scores and ligand pharmacophore mapping fit values provided a reliable foundation for designing new potentially active candidates that may target c-Met kinase. Eventually, eight hits were selected as potential leads. Subsequently, seven (Hits) have displayed a higher dock score and demonstrated key residue interactions with stable molecular dynamics simulation. Therefore, these c-Met kinase inhibitors may further serve as new chemical spaces in designing new compounds.
Collapse
|
129
|
Tu K, Lee S, Roy S, Sawant A, Shukla H. Dysregulated Epigenetics of Chordoma: Prognostic Markers and Therapeutic Targets. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:678-690. [PMID: 35440334 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220419122716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare, slow-growing sarcoma that is locally aggressive, and typically resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. Despite its low incidence, chordoma remains a clinical challenge because therapeutic options for chordoma are limited, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to therapies. Furthermore, there are currently no established predictive or prognostic biomarkers to follow disease progression or treatment. Whole-genome sequencing of chordoma tissues has demonstrated a low-frequency mutation rate compared to other cancers. This has generated interest in the role of epigenetic events in chordoma pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the epigenetic drivers of chordoma and their potential applications in prognosis and the development of new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tu
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sang Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Sanjit Roy
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amit Sawant
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hem Shukla
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Target Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Beyond Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040585. [PMID: 35453784 PMCID: PMC9027240 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and its incidence is steadily increasing. The development of HCC is a complex, multi-step process that is accompanied by alterations in multiple signaling cascades. Recent years have seen advancement in understanding molecular signaling pathways that play central roles in hepatocarcinogenesis. Aberrant activation of YAP/TAZ, Hedgehog, or Wnt/β-catenin signaling is frequently found in a subset of HCC patients. Targeting the signaling pathway via small molecule inhibitors could be a promising therapeutic option for the subset of patients. In this review, we will introduce the signaling pathways, discuss their roles in the development of HCC, and propose a therapeutic approach targeting the signaling pathways in the context of HCC. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health concern worldwide, and its incidence is increasing steadily. To date, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the most favored molecular targets for the treatment of HCC, followed by immune checkpoint regulators such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. With less than desirable clinical outcomes from RTK inhibitors as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) so far, novel molecular target therapies have been proposed for HCC. In this review, we will introduce diverse molecular signaling pathways that are aberrantly activated in HCC, focusing on YAP/TAZ, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting the signaling pathways in HCC.
Collapse
|
131
|
Li Y, Shen Z, Jiang X, Wang Y, Yang Z, Mao Y, Wu Z, Li G, Chen H. Mouse mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-466f-3p reverses EMT process through inhibiting AKT/GSK3β pathway via c-MET in radiation-induced lung injury. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:128. [PMID: 35392967 PMCID: PMC8988379 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy. Alveolar epithelial cells play a crucial role in lung fibrosis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells own the beneficial properties to repair and regeneration of damaged tissues, however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methods Mouse mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (mMSCs-Exo) were isolated by differential centrifugation, and their protective effects were assessed in vivo and in vitro, respectively. EMT-associated proteins were measured via western blot assay and/or immunofluorescence staining. The miRNA expression was measured by microarray assay and qPCR. Furthermore, bioinformatics prediction with KEGG analysis, luciferase assay, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying miR-466f-3p. Results mMSCs-Exos were efficiently isolated ranging from 90-150 nm with high expression of exosomal markers (CD63, TSG101, and CD9). mMSCs-Exos administration efficiently relieved radiation-induced lung injury with less collagen deposition and lower levels of IL-1β and IL-6. Meanwhile, in vitro results showed mMSCs-Exos treatment obviously reversed EMT process induced by radiation. Among enriched miRNA cargo in exosomes, miR-466f-3p was primarily responsible for the protective effects via inhibition of AKT/GSK3β pathway. Our mechanistic study further demonstrated that c-MET was the direct target of miR-466f-3p, whose restoration partially abrogated mMSCs-Exo-mediated inhibition in both EMT process and AKT/GSK3β signaling activity induced by radiation. Conclusions Our findings indicated that exosomal miR-466f-3p derived from mMSCs may possess anti-fibrotic properties and prevent radiation-induced EMT through inhibition of AKT/GSK3β via c-MET, providing a promising therapeutic modality for radiation-induced lung fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02351-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Zhufu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yuchi Mao
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Zhixian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, 354200, China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, 650032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Yang BF, Zhai F, An HJ, Jiang J, Cao ZH, Liu YH, Su JW, Wang R, Cheng XX. Mesenchymal-epithelial Transition Factor Regulates Monocyte Function during Mycobacterial Infection via Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:407-416. [PMID: 35235132 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), causes an estimated 1.6 million human deaths annually, but the pathogenesis of TB remains unclear. Immunity plays a critical role in the onset and outcome of TB. This study aimed to uncover the roles of innate and adaptive immunity in TB. METHODS The gene expression profiles generated by RNA sequencing from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with or without Mtb strain H37Rv antigens were analyzed. A total of 973 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. RESULTS The differentially expressed genes were enriched in innate immunity signaling functions. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) gene was significantly upregulated in CD14+ monocytes. A MET inhibitor improved the uptake of the BCG strain by monocytes and macrophages as well as inhibited the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The expression of IDO was increased in PBMCs stimulated with Mtb antigens, and the IDO inhibitor promoted the expression of CD40, CD83, and CD86. CONCLUSION Our results might provide clues regarding the immunomodulatory mechanisms used by Mtb to evade the host defense system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Fen Yang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Fei Zhai
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hong-Juan An
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Cao
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yan-Hua Liu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jin-Wen Su
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ruo Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Cheng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Zhang J, Dai J, Lan X, Zhao Y, Yang F, Zhang H, Tang S, Liang G, Wang X, Tang Q. Synthesis, bioevaluation and molecular dynamics of pyrrolo-pyridine benzamide derivatives as potential antitumor agents in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
134
|
Gulla A, Andriusaityte U, Zdanys GT, Babonaite E, Strupas K, Kelly H. The Impact of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metformin on Pancreatic Cancer Chemoresistance: A Pathway towards Individualized Therapy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:467. [PMID: 35454306 PMCID: PMC9032206 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Globally, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains among the most aggressive forms of neoplastic diseases, having a dismal prognostic outcome. Recent findings elucidated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can play an important role in pancreatic tumorigenic processes, as it contributes to the manifestation of malignant proliferative masses, which impede adequate drug delivery. An organized literature search with PubMed, Scopus, Microsoft Academic and the Cochrane library was performed for articles published in English from 2011 to 2021 to review and summarize the latest updates and knowledge on the current understanding of EMT and its implications for tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Furthermore, in the present paper, we investigate the recent findings on metformin as a possible neoadjuvant chemotherapy agent, which affects EMT progression and potentially provides superior oncological outcomes for PDAC patients. Our main conclusions indicate that selectively suppressing EMT in pancreatic cancer cells has a promising therapeutic utility by selectively targeting the chemotherapy-resistant sub-population of cancer stem cells, inhibiting tumor growth via EMT pathways and thereby improving remission in PDAC patients. Moreover, given that TGF-β1-driven EMT generates the migration of tumor-initiating cells by directly linking the acquisition of abnormal cellular motility with the maintenance of tumor initiating potency, the chemoprevention of TGF-β1-induced EMT may have promising clinical applications in the therapeutic management of PDAC outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Gulla
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Surgery, Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Center of Visceral Medicine and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road Northwest BLES Building 1st. Floor, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Urte Andriusaityte
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania; (U.A.); (G.T.Z.); (E.B.)
| | - Gabrielius Tomas Zdanys
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania; (U.A.); (G.T.Z.); (E.B.)
| | - Elena Babonaite
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania; (U.A.); (G.T.Z.); (E.B.)
| | - Kestutis Strupas
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Surgery, Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Helena Kelly
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 123 St. Stephen’s Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Al-Obaidy KI, Alruwaii ZI, Williamson SR, Cheng L. The Pathologic and Molecular Genetic Landscape of the Hereditary Renal Cancer Predisposition Syndromes. Histopathology 2022; 81:15-31. [PMID: 35315118 DOI: 10.1111/his.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that 5-8% of renal tumors are hereditary in nature with many inherited as autosomal dominant. These tumors carry a unique spectrum of pathologic and molecular alterations, the knowledge of which is expanding in the recent years. Indebted to this knowledge, many advances in treatment of these tumors have been achieved. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the genetic renal neoplasia syndromes, the clinical and pathologic presentations, their molecular pathogenesis, the advances in therapeutic implications and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaleel I Al-Obaidy
- Department of Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zainab I Alruwaii
- Department of Pathology, Dammam Regional Laboratory and Blood Bank, Dammam, KSA
| | - Sean R Williamson
- Department of Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Zhao Y, Li C, Zhang Y, Li Z. CircTMTC1 contributes to nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through targeting miR-495-MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:250. [PMID: 35301291 PMCID: PMC8930977 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common primary malignancy arising from the epithelial cells of nasopharynx. CircTMTC1 is upregulated in NPC patients, but its role and molecular mechanism in NPC are unknown. Normal nasopharyngeal epithelium and tumor tissues were collected. The expression of circTMTC1, miR-495, MET/eIF4G1 pathway-related molecules were examined. Colony formation and transwell assays were used to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Gene interaction was examined by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase activity assays. Subcutaneous and intravenous xenograft mouse models were established to analyze NPC growth and metastasis in vivo. CircTMTC1 was highly expressed and miR-495 was downregulated in NPC, which were associated with poor prognosis of NPC. Both circTMTC1 knockdown and miR-495 overexpression inhibited NPC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted cell apoptosis. CircTMTC1 directly targeted miR-495 to promote the expression of its downstream target gene MET. miR-495 knockdown enhanced the expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, and survivin and accelerated NPC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT through targeting MET and activating the MET-eIF4G1 axis. CircTMTC1 silence inhibited NPC growth and lung metastasis by targeting the miR-495-MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis in vivo. CircTMTC1 accelerates NPC progression through targeting miR-495 and consequently activating the MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for NPC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Chen Y, Du F, Tang L, Xu J, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Shen J, Wen Q, Cho CH, Xiao Z. Carboranes as unique pharmacophores in antitumor medicinal chemistry. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:400-416. [PMID: 35141397 PMCID: PMC8807988 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carborane is a carbon-boron molecular cluster that can be viewed as a 3D analog of benzene. It features special physical and chemical properties, and thus has the potential to serve as a new type of pharmacophore for drug design and discovery. Based on the relative positions of two cage carbons, icosahedral closo-carboranes can be classified into three isomers, ortho-carborane (o-carborane, 1,2-C2B10H12), meta-carborane (m-carborane, 1,7-C2B10H12), and para-carborane (p-carborane, 1,12-C2B10H12), and all of them can be deboronated to generate their nido- forms. Cage compound carborane and its derivatives have been demonstrated as useful chemical entities in antitumor medicinal chemistry. The applications of carboranes and their derivatives in the field of antitumor research mainly include boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), as BNCT/photodynamic therapy dual sensitizers, and as anticancer ligands. This review summarizes the research progress on carboranes achieved up to October 2021, with particular emphasis on signaling transduction pathways, chemical structures, and mechanistic considerations of using carboranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liyao Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jinrun Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Floresta G, Abbate V. Recent progress in the imaging of c-Met aberrant cancers with positron emission tomography. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1588-1606. [PMID: 35292998 PMCID: PMC9314990 DOI: 10.1002/med.21885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-protein kinase Met-also known as c-Met or HGFR-is a membrane receptor protein with associated tyrosine kinase activity physiologically stimulated by its natural ligand, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and is involved in different ways in cancer progression and tumourigenesis. Targeting c-Met with pharmaceuticals has been preclinically proved to have significant benefits for cancer treatment. Recently, evaluating the protein status during and before c-Met targeted therapy has been shown of relevant importance by different studies, demonstrating that there is a correlation between the status (e.g., aberrant activation and overexpression) of the HGFR with therapy response and clinical prognosis. Currently, clinical imaging based on positron emission tomography (PET) appears as one of the most promising tools for the in vivo real-time scanning of irregular alterations of the tyrosine-protein kinase Met and for the diagnosis of c-Met related cancers. In this study, we review the recent progress in the imaging of c-Met aberrant cancers with PET. Particular attention is directed on the development of PET probes with a range of different sizes (HGF, antibodies, anticalines, peptides, and small molecules), and radiolabeled with different radionuclides. The goal of this review is to report all the preclinical imaging studies based on PET imaging reported until now for in vivo diagnosis of c-Met in oncology to support the design of novel and more effective PET probes for in vivo evaluation of c-Met.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
To KKW, Cho WCS. Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET): A Key Player in Chemotherapy Resistance and an Emerging Target for Potentiating Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:269-285. [PMID: 35255791 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220307105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The MET protein is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase predominately expressed in epithelial cells. Upon binding of its only known ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), MET homodimerizes, phosphorylates, and stimulates intracellular signalling to drive cell proliferation. Amplification or hyperactivation of MET is frequently observed in various cancer types and it is associated with poor response to conventional and targeted chemotherapy. More recently, emerging evidence also suggests that MET/HGF signalling may play an immunosuppressive role and it could confer resistance to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the preclinical and clinical evidence of MET's role in drug resistance to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Previous clinical trials investigating MET-targeted therapy in unselected or MET-overexpressing cancers yielded mostly unfavourable results. More recent clinical studies focusing on MET exon 14 alterations and MET amplification have produced encouraging treatment responses to MET inhibitor therapy. The translational relevance of MET inhibitor therapy to overcome drug resistance in cancer patients is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Han T, Zheng H, Zhang J, Yang P, Li H, Cheng Z, Xiang D, Wang R. Downregulation of MUC15 by miR-183-5p.1 promotes liver tumor-initiating cells properties and tumorigenesis via regulating c-MET/PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:200. [PMID: 35236826 PMCID: PMC8891362 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucin 15 (MUC15) is reportedly aberrant in human malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of MUC15 in the regulation of liver tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) remains unknown. Here, we report that expression of MUC15 is downregulated in liver T-ICs, chemoresistance and recurrent HCC samples. Functional studies reveal that MUC15 inhibits hepatoma cells self-renewal, malignant proliferation, tumorigenicity, and chemoresistance. Mechanistically, MUC15 interacts with c-MET and subsequently inactivates the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 signaling pathway. Moreover, we find that miR-183-5p.1 directly targets MUC15 3′-UTR in liver T-ICs. Coincidentally, SOX2 feedback inhibits MUC15 expression by directly transactivating miR-183-5p.1, thus completing a feedforward regulatory circuit in liver T-ICs. Importantly, MUC15/c-MET/PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis determines the responses of hepatoma cells to lenvatinib treatment, and MUC15 overexpression abrogated lenvatinib resistance. Analysis of patient cohort, patient-derived tumor organoids and patient-derived xenografts further suggests that the MUC15 may predict lenvatinib benefits in HCC patients. Collectively, our findings suggest the crucial role of the miR-183-5p.1/MUC15/c-MET/PI3K/AKT/SOX2 regulatory circuit in regulating liver T-ICs properties, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ministry of Education, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Department of Reproductive Heredity Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinghua Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhangjun Cheng
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Centers, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Daimin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Choueiri TK, Albiges L, Atkins MB, Bakouny Z, Bratslavsky G, Braun DA, Haas NB, Haanen JB, Hakimi AA, Jewett MA, Jonasch E, Kaelin WG, Kapur P, Labaki C, Lewis B, McDermott DF, Pal SK, Pels K, Poteat S, Powles T, Rathmell WK, Rini BI, Signoretti S, Tannir NM, Uzzo RG, Hammers HJ. From Basic Science to Clinical Translation in Kidney Cancer: A Report from the Second Kidney Cancer Research Summit. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:831-839. [PMID: 34965942 PMCID: PMC9223120 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The second Kidney Cancer Research Summit was held virtually in October 2020. The meeting gathered worldwide experts in the field of kidney cancer, including basic, translational, and clinical scientists as well as patient advocates. Novel studies were presented, addressing areas of unmet need related to different topics. These include novel metabolic targets, promising immunotherapeutic regimens, predictive genomic and transcriptomic biomarkers, and variant histologies of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). With the development of pioneering technologies, and an unprecedented commitment to kidney cancer research, the field has tremendously evolved. This perspective aims to summarize the different sessions of the conference, outline major advances in the understanding of RCC and discuss current challenges faced by the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toni K. Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Michael B. Atkins
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ziad Bakouny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gennady Bratslavsky
- Department of Urology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - David A. Braun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomi B. Haas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - John B.A.G. Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Ari Hakimi
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael A.S. Jewett
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Jonasch
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William G. Kaelin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Payal Kapur
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chris Labaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David F. McDermott
- Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sumanta K. Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Pels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - W. Kimryn Rathmell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brian I. Rini
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nizar M. Tannir
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert G. Uzzo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hans J. Hammers
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Appraisal of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Signal Transduction in the Duality of HIV Associated Pre-Eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 28:128-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
143
|
Liebman B, Schwaegler C, Foote AT, Rao KS, Marquis T, Aronshtam A, Bell SP, Gogo P, LaChapelle RR, Spees JL. Human Growth Factor/Immunoglobulin Complexes for Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:749787. [PMID: 35295649 PMCID: PMC8918831 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.749787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) are receptor tyrosine kinase agonists that promote cell survival after tissue injury and angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration during tissue repair and regeneration. Both ligands have potential as systemic treatments for ischemia-reperfusion injury, however clinical use of HGF and FGF2 has been limited by poor pharmacokinetic profiles, i.e., their susceptibility to serum proteases, rapid clearance and short half-lives. Previously, we reported vaso- and cardioprotective protein complexes formed between HGF and polyclonal, non-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) with therapeutic efficacy in a rat model of myocardial ischemia with reperfusion (MI/R). Here, using a pre-clinical porcine MI/R model, we demonstrate human HGF/IgG complexes provide significant myocardial salvage, reduce infarct size, and are detectable in myocardial tissue 24 h after intracoronary injection. Furthermore, we show that multiple daily infusions of HGF/IgG complexes after MI do not lead to production of HGF-specific auto-antibodies, an important concern for administered biologic drugs. In experiments to identify other growth factors that non-covalently interact with IgG, we found that human FGF2 associates with IgG. Similar to human HGF/IgG complexes, FGF2/IgG complexes protected primary human cardiac endothelial cells under simulated ischemia (1% oxygen and nutrient deprivation) for 48–72 h. Molecular modeling studies suggested that FGF2 and HGF both interact with the Fc domain of IgG. Also, we tested whether an Fc-fusion protein would bind FGF2 to form complexes. By native gel electrophoretic assays and biochemical pulldowns, we found that Jagged1, a Notch1 ligand that controls stem cell self-renewal and tissue regeneration, bound FGF2 when presented as a Jagged1- Fc fusion protein. Our results suggest that human growth factor/IgG and FGF2/Fc- fusion complexes have potential to provide a biologics platform to treat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and other forms of tissue injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Liebman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Claire Schwaegler
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Andrea T. Foote
- Cellular and Molecular Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Krithika S. Rao
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Taylor Marquis
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Alexander Aronshtam
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Stephen P. Bell
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Prospero Gogo
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Richard R. LaChapelle
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Spees
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, United States
- Cellular and Molecular Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey L. Spees,
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Ayoub NM, Jaradat SK, Al-Shami KM, Alkhalifa AE. Targeting Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives of Novel Anti-Angiogenic Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:838133. [PMID: 35281942 PMCID: PMC8913593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.838133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a vital process for the growth and dissemination of solid cancers. Numerous molecular pathways are known to drive angiogenic switch in cancer cells promoting the growth of new blood vessels and increased incidence of distant metastasis. Several angiogenesis inhibitors are clinically available for the treatment of different types of advanced solid cancers. These inhibitors mostly belong to monoclonal antibodies or small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the classical vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors. Nevertheless, breast cancer is one example of solid tumors that had constantly failed to respond to angiogenesis inhibitors in terms of improved survival outcomes of patients. Accordingly, it is of paramount importance to assess the molecular mechanisms driving angiogenic signaling in breast cancer to explore suitable drug targets that can be further investigated in preclinical and clinical settings. This review summarizes the current evidence for the effect of clinically available anti-angiogenic drugs in breast cancer treatment. Further, major mechanisms associated with intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-VEGF therapy are discussed. The review also describes evidence from preclinical and clinical studies on targeting novel non-VEGF angiogenic pathways in breast cancer and several approaches to the normalization of tumor vasculature by targeting pericytes, utilization of microRNAs and extracellular tumor-associate vesicles, using immunotherapeutic drugs, and nanotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nehad M. Ayoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Nehad M. Ayoub,
| | - Sara K. Jaradat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Kamal M. Al-Shami
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Amer E. Alkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Choi S, Park S, Kim H, Kang SY, Ahn S, Kim KM. Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:543. [PMID: 35327345 PMCID: PMC8945014 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common deadly malignancies worldwide. Recently, several targeted therapeutics for treating unresectable or metastatic GC have been developed. Comprehensive characterization of the molecular profile and of the tumor immune microenvironment of GC has allowed researchers to explore promising biomarkers for GC treatment and has enabled a new paradigm in precision-targeted immunotherapy. In this article, we review established and promising new biomarkers relevant in GC, with a focus on their clinical implications, diagnostic methods, and the efficacy of targeted agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangjoon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Sujin Park
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
- Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Soomin Ahn
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
- Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.A.)
- Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Liang D, Yu C, Qin X, Yang X, Dong X, Hu M, Du L, Li M. Discovery of small-molecule fluorescent probes for C-Met. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114114. [PMID: 35051746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
C-mesenchymal-epithelia transition factor (c-Met) is highly expressed in various solid tumors such as gastric cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer, playing a pivotal role in the growth, maintenance, and development of different tumor cells. In this study, three small-molecule fluorescent probes (5, 11, 16) targeting c-Met were developed, and their design strategies were also initially explored. In general, the fluorescence properties of the probes themselves could meet the imaging requirements, and they have shown sufficient inhibitory activities against c-Met, especially probe 16, reflecting the targeting and acceptance. Also, fluorescence polarization assays and flow cytometry analysis verified the binding between the probes and c-Met. Cell imaging confirmed that these probes could be used to label c-Met on living cells. It is of positive significance for the development of c-Met kinase inhibitors and tumor pathology research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xingye Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xuhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mingzhao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lupei Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Henriques-Pons A, Beghini DG, Silva VDS, Iwao Horita S, da Silva FAB. Pulmonary Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mild Cases of COVID-19 Are Dedicated to Proliferation; In Severe Cases, They Control Inflammation, Make Cell Dispersion, and Tissue Regeneration. Front Immunol 2022; 12:780900. [PMID: 35095855 PMCID: PMC8793136 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.780900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells present in virtually all tissues; they have potent self-renewal capacity and differentiate into multiple cell types. For many reasons, these cells are a promising therapeutic alternative to treat patients with severe COVID-19 and pulmonary post-COVID sequelae. These cells are not only essential for tissue regeneration; they can also alter the pulmonary environment through the paracrine secretion of several mediators. They can control or promote inflammation, induce other stem cells differentiation, restrain the virus load, and much more. In this work, we performed single-cell RNA-seq data analysis of MSCs in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from control individuals and COVID-19 patients with mild and severe clinical conditions. When we compared samples from mild cases with control individuals, most genes transcriptionally upregulated in COVID-19 were involved in cell proliferation. However, a new set of genes with distinct biological functions was upregulated when we compared severely affected with mild COVID-19 patients. In this analysis, the cells upregulated genes related to cell dispersion/migration and induced the γ-activated sequence (GAS) genes, probably triggered by IFNGR1 and IFNGR2. Then, IRF-1 was upregulated, one of the GAS target genes, leading to the interferon-stimulated response (ISR) and the overexpression of many signature target genes. The MSCs also upregulated genes involved in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition, virus control, cell chemotaxis, and used the cytoplasmic RNA danger sensors RIG-1, MDA5, and PKR. In a non-comparative analysis, we observed that MSCs from severe cases do not express many NF-κB upstream receptors, such as Toll-like (TLRs) TLR-3, -7, and -8; tumor necrosis factor (TNFR1 or TNFR2), RANK, CD40, and IL-1R1. Indeed, many NF-κB inhibitors were upregulated, including PPP2CB, OPTN, NFKBIA, and FHL2, suggesting that MSCs do not play a role in the "cytokine storm" observed. Therefore, lung MSCs in COVID-19 sense immune danger and act protectively in concert with the pulmonary environment, confirming their therapeutic potential in cell-based therapy for COVID-19. The transcription of MSCs senescence markers is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Henriques-Pons
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gois Beghini
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Samuel Iwao Horita
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Su Y, Santucci-Pereira J, Dang NM, Kanefsky J, Rahulkannan V, Hillegass M, Joshi S, Gurdogan H, Chen Z, Bessonneau V, Rudel R, Ser-Dolansky J, Schneider SS, Russo J. Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Butyl Benzyl Phthalate, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, and Zeranol on Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031398. [PMID: 35163327 PMCID: PMC8835802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)—including butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and zeranol (α-ZAL, referred to as ZAL hereafter)—can interfere with the endocrine system and produce adverse effects. It remains unclear whether pubertal exposure to low doses of BBP, PFOA, and ZAL has an impact on breast development and tumorigenesis. We exposed female Sprague Dawley rats to BBP, PFOA, or ZAL through gavage for 21 days, starting on day 21, and analyzed their endocrine organs, serum hormones, mammary glands, and transcriptomic profiles of the mammary glands at days 50 and 100. We also conducted a tumorigenesis study for rats treated with PFOA and ZAL using a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) model. Our results demonstrated that pubertal exposure to BBP, PFOA, and ZAL affected endocrine organs and serum hormones, and induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes. The exposure to PFOA + ZAL induced the most phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the mammary gland. PFOA + ZAL downregulated the expression of genes related to development at day 50, whereas it upregulated genes associated with tumorigenesis at day 100. PFOA + ZAL exposure also decreased rat mammary tumor latency, reduced the overall survival of rats after DMBA challenge, and affected the histopathology of mammary tumors. Therefore, our study suggests that exposure to low doses of EDCs during the pubertal period could induce changes in the endocrine system and mammary gland development in rats. The inhibition of mammary gland development by PFOA + ZAL might increase the risk of developing mammary tumors through activation of signaling pathways associated with tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Su
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Julia Santucci-Pereira
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Nhi M. Dang
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Joice Kanefsky
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vishnuprabha Rahulkannan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Meardey Hillegass
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Shalina Joshi
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Hafsa Gurdogan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Ruthann Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Jennifer Ser-Dolansky
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sallie S. Schneider
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Jose Russo
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Raj S, Kesari KK, Kumar A, Rathi B, Sharma A, Gupta PK, Jha SK, Jha NK, Slama P, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D. Molecular mechanism(s) of regulation(s) of c-MET/HGF signaling in head and neck cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:31. [PMID: 35081970 PMCID: PMC8790852 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractHead and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer across the globe. This is generally associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Cancer in the pharynx majorly arises through human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, thus classifying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) into HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCCs. Aberrant, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signal transduction favors HNSCC progression by stimulating proliferation, motility, invasiveness, morphogenesis, and angiogenesis. c-MET upregulation can be found in the majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. c-MET pathway acts on several downstream effectors including phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ), cellular Src kinase (c-Src), phosphotidylinsitol-3-OH kinase (PI3K), alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) pathways. c-MET also establishes a crosstalk pathway with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and contributes towards chemoresistance in HNSCC. In recent years, the signaling communications of c-MET/HGF in metabolic dysregulation, tumor-microenvironment and immune modulation in HNSCC have emerged. Several clinical trials have been established against c-MET/ hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling network to bring up targeted and effective therapeutic strategies against HNSCC. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism(s) and current understanding of c-MET/HGF signaling and its effect on HNSCC.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
150
|
Su H, Ren W, Zhang D. Research progress on exosomal proteins as diagnostic markers of gastric cancer (review article). Clin Exp Med 2022; 23:203-218. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of tumors and the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The diagnosis of GC is critical to its prevention and treatment. Available tumor markers are the crucial step for GC diagnosis. Recent studies have shown that proteins in exosomes are potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for GC. Exosomes, secreted by cells, are cup-shaped with a diameter of 30–150 nm under the electron microscope. They are also surrounded by lipid bilayers and are widely found in various body fluids. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids and nucleic acid. The examination of exosomal proteins has the advantages of quickness, easy sampling, and low pain and cost, as compared with the routine inspection method of GC, which may lead to marked developments in GC diagnosis. This article summarized the exosomal proteins with a diagnostic and prognostic potential in GC, as well as exosomal proteins involved in GC progression.
Collapse
|