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Liu Y, Yang H, Xiong J, Zhao J, Guo M, Chen J, Zhao X, Chen C, He Z, Zhou Y, Xu L. Icariin as an emerging candidate drug for anticancer treatment: Current status and perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113991. [PMID: 36370524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Icariin (ICA) is a kind of natural flavonoid compound monomer, which is derived from the extract of dried stems and leaves of Epimedium. Modern pharmacological studies have found that ICA has broad bioactive function in affecting the biological processes of a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer and other cancers, which indicates that ICA has promising application value in the treatment of cancer patients in the future. Nevertheless, the targets and molecular mechanisms of ICA in cancer treatment have not been elucidated in detail. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarizes the current research progress of ICA in a series of cancers. In particular, an emphasis is placed on the mechanism of ICA and its future development direction, aiming at providing relevant theoretical basis for the development and application of ICA in the future cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Han Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Ye Y, Ma Y, Kong M, Wang Z, Sun K, Li F. Effects of Dietary Phytochemicals on DNA Damage in Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:761-775. [PMID: 36562548 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2157024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide, the prevention and treatment of cancer have garnered considerable scientific attention. Traditional chemotherapeutic drugs are highly toxic and associated with substantial side effects; therefore, there is an urgent need for developing new therapeutic agents. Dietary phytochemicals are important in tumor prevention and treatment because of their low toxicity and side effects at low concentrations; however, their exact mechanisms of action remain obscure. DNA damage is mainly caused by physical or chemical factors in the environment, such as ultraviolet light, alkylating agents and reactive oxygen species that cause changes in the DNA structure of cells. Several phytochemicals have been shown inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors by inducing DNA damage. This article reviews the advances in phytochemical research; particularly regarding the mechanisms related to DNA damage and provide a theoretical basis for future chemoprophylaxis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Salari Z, Khosravi A, Pourkhandani E, Molaakbari E, Salarkia E, Keyhani A, Sharifi I, Tavakkoli H, Sohbati S, Dabiri S, Ren G, Shafie’ei M. The inhibitory effect of 6-gingerol and cisplatin on ovarian cancer and antitumor activity: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1098429. [PMID: 36937441 PMCID: PMC10020515 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1098429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer is very common in women and causes hundreds of deaths per year worldwide. Chemotherapy drugs including cisplatin have adverse effects on patients' health. Complementary treatments and the use of herbal medicines can help improve the performance of medicine. 6-Gingerol is the major pharmacologically active component of ginger. In this study, we compared the effects of 6-gingerol, cisplatin, and their combination in apoptotic and angiogenetic activities in silico, in test tubes, and in in vivo assays against two ovarian cancer cell lines: OVCAR-3 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods The drug-treated cell lines were evaluated for their cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptotic and angiogenetic gene expression changes. Results The proportion of apoptosis treated by 6-gingerol coupled with cisplatin was significantly high. In the evaluation of the cell cycle, the combination therapy also showed a significant promotion of a higher extent of the S sequence. The expression of p53 level, Caspase-8, Bax, and Apaf1 genes was amplified again with combination therapy. Conversely, in both cell lines, the cumulative drug concentrations reduced the expression of VEGF, FLT1, KDR, and Bcl-2 genes. Similarly, in the control group, combination treatment significantly decreased the expression of VEGF, FLT1, KDR, and Bcl-2 genes in comparison to cisplatin alone. Conclusions The findings of the present study demonstrated that the cisplatin and 6-gingerol combination is more effective in inducing apoptosis and suppressing the angiogenesis of ovarian cancer cells than using each drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Salari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Khosravi, ; Elham Pourkhandani,
| | - Elham Pourkhandani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Khosravi, ; Elham Pourkhandani,
| | - Elaheh Molaakbari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hadi Tavakkoli
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Sohbati
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Afzalipour School of Medicine and Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Guogang Ren
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Shafie’ei
- Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Su M, Chen Y, Jia L, Zhang Z. Camptothecin-Loaded and Manganese Dioxide-Coated Polydopamine Nanomedicine Used for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis and Chemo-Photothermal Therapy for Lung Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6687-6705. [PMID: 36597434 PMCID: PMC9805739 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s359300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinolone alkaloid (isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Camptotheca acuminata), used for the treatment of various malignancies, which inhibits DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I). However, its drawbacks, such as poor water solubility, stability, and highly toxic side effects, limit its clinical application. Therefore, CPT needs to be prepared as a nanomedicine to improve solubility, reduce side effects, and synergize with other therapies to improve efficacy. Methods In this work, we constructed CPT NPs (nanoparticles), which were CPT-loaded and manganese dioxide (MnO2)-coated polydopamine (PDA) nanomedicine. In vitro, we explored the antitumor effect including CPT NPs-induced cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis and ferroptosis for tumor cell lines. In vivo, we established LLC tumor-bearing mice model to evaluate their tumor imaging and anticancer effects. Results CPT NPs improve the water solubility and stability of CPT and reduce its toxic effects. It has good biocompatibility, excellent photothermal conversion ability for photothermal therapy (PTT) and pH release in the tumor microenvironment. It can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and result in ferroptosis of tumor cells. More significantly, this nanomedicine can provide information for the location and diagnosis of tumors via magnetic resonance imaging. In general, the nanomedicine integrated with diagnosis and treatment has excellent anticancer effect. Discussion Altogether, this nanomedicine possesses the ability to diagnose and therapy through magnetic resonance imaging and chemo-photothermal therapy, respectively. In addition, the integrated diagnosis and treatment nanomedicine has potential clinical application prospects through treating lung cancer with high efficiency and low side effect. It can support the construction of related nano-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Su
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Lijun Jia; Zhanxia Zhang, Email ;
| | - Zhanxia Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
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Variation of Saponins in Sanguisorba officinalis L. before and after Processing ( Paozhi) and Its Effects on Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249046. [PMID: 36558181 PMCID: PMC9785891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of colon cancer is increasing year over year, seriously affecting human health and quality of life in recent years. However, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for the treatment of colon cancer. S. officinalis Saponins (S-Saponins), the potential compound of TCM, displays multiple biological activities in colon cancer treatment. In our study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis were performed to analyze and identify raw and processed saponins. Then, MTT and cell migration assays were used to preliminarily explore the effects of saponins in vitro on colon cancer cells. The results showed that 29 differential saponins compounds under Paozhi were identified by UHPLC-MS/MS. Moreover, in vitro validation showed that Sprocessed better inhibited the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells than Sraw. This study provides a basis for the determination of the chemical fundamentals of the efficacy changes during Paozhi through inferring the changes in saponin components and its possible transformation mechanisms before and after processing S. officinalis. Meanwhile, it also provides new insights into potential bioactive ingredients for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Li M, Chen Y, Wang L, Lu C, Chen P, Jin Y, Li J, Gao F, Shang Z, Lin W. Investigations into the antibacterial effects and potential mechanism of gambogic acid and neogambogic acid. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1045291. [PMID: 36578570 PMCID: PMC9791066 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1045291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections to public health necessitates the development of novel antibacterial agents. Inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis has remained a key focus for antibiotic development. Our search for inhibitors of undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS), an essential enzyme required for bacterial cell wall formation, revealed that two primary components of gamboge, gambogic acid (GA) and neogambogic acid (NGA), significantly inhibited the activity of Enterococcus faecalis UPPS (EfaUPPS) with the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 3.08 μM and 3.07 μM, respectively. In the in vitro antibacterial assay, both GA and NGA also exhibited inhibitory activities against E. faecalis with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2 μg/mL. Using microscale thermophoresis, molecular docking, and enzymatic assays, we further confirmed that GA and NGA occupy the substrate binding pocket of EfaUPPS with micro-molar binding affinity, preventing the natural substrates farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) from entering. Mutagenesis analysis revealed that L91 and L146 are two key residues in the binding between GA/NGA and UPPS. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that GA and NGA can improve E. faecalis-induced undesirable inflammation in a mouse infection model. Taken together, our findings provide a basis for structural optimization of GA/NGA to develop improved antibiotic leads and enhance treatment success rates in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Yuan Chen,
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chujie Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiying Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanling Jin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiacong Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuo Shang
- School of Pharmaeutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Zhuo Shang,
| | - Wei Lin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China,Wei Lin,
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107
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Ginsenosides in cancer: A focus on the regulation of cell metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Potential of ginsenoside Rh 2and its derivatives as anti-cancer agents. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:881-901. [PMID: 36549803 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a steroid skeleton-based saponin, ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) is one of the major bioactive ginsenosides from the plants of genus Panax L. Many studies have reported the notable pharmacological activities of G-Rh2 such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antiallergic, antidiabetic, and anti-Alzheimer's activities. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated the great potential of G-Rh2 in the treatment of a wide range of carcinomatous diseases in vitro and in vivo. G-Rh2 is able to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, retard metastasis, promote differentiation, enhance chemotherapy and reverse multi-drug resistance against multiple tumor cells. The present review mainly summarizes the anticancer effects and related mechanisms of G-Rh2 in various models as well as the recent advances in G-Rh2 delivery systems and structural modification to ameliorate its anticancer activity and pharmacokinetics characteristics.
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Xiao Y, Yao W, Lin M, Huang W, Li B, Peng B, Ma Q, Zhou X, Liang M. Icaritin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles activate immunogenic cell death and facilitate tumor recruitment in mice with gastric cancer. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1712-1725. [PMID: 35635307 PMCID: PMC9176696 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2079769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the anti-tumor effect of icaritin loading poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (refer to PLGA@Icaritin NPs) on gastric cancer (GC) cells. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), size distribution, zeta potential, drug-loading capability, and other physicochemical characteristics of PLGA@Icaritin NPs were carried out. Furthermore, flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, Elisa assay and Balb/c mice were applied to explore the cellular uptake, anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, immune response activation effects, and related anti-tumor mechanism of PLGA@Icaritin NPs in vitro and in vivo. PLGA@Icaritin NPs showed spherical shape, with appropriate particle sizes and well drug loading and releasing capacities. Flow cytometry and CLSM results indicated that PLGA@Icaritin could efficiently enter into GC cells. CCK-8 proved that PLGA@Icaritin NPs dramatically suppressed cell growth, induced Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, arrested more GC cells at G2 phase, and inhibited the invasion and metastasis of GC cells, compared to free icaritin. In addition, PLGA@Icaritin could help generate dozens of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within GC cells, following by significant mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs) loss and excessive production of oxidative-mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mitoDNA). Since that, Ox-mitoDNA further activated the releasing of damage associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), and finally led to immunogenic cell death (ICD). Our in vivo data also elaborated that PLGA@Icaritin exerted a powerful inhibitory effect (∼80%), compared to free icaritin (∼60%). Most importantly, our results demonstrated that PLGA@Icaritin could activate the anti-tumor immunity via recruitment of infiltrating CD4+ cells, CD8+ T cells and increased secretion of cytokine immune factors, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1).++ Our findings validate that the successful design of PLGA@Icaritin, which can effectively active ICD and facilitate tumor recruitment in GC through inducing mitoDNA oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Wenxia Yao
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Mingzhen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Ben Li
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Qinhai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510062, China
| | - Xinke Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Oncology, Innovation centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
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Dissecting the molecular mechanism of cepharanthine against COVID-19, based on a network pharmacology strategy combined with RNA-sequencing analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106298. [PMID: 36403355 PMCID: PMC9671524 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, it has been reported that cepharanthine (CEP) is highly likely to be an agent against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the present study, a network pharmacology-based approach combined with RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to determine hub targets and potential pharmacological mechanism of CEP against COVID-19. METHODS Targets of CEP were retrieved from public databases. COVID-19-related targets were acquired from databases and RNA-seq datasets GSE157103 and GSE155249. The potential targets of CEP and COVID-19 were then validated by GSE158050. Hub targets and signaling pathways were acquired through bioinformatics analysis, including protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and enrichment analysis. Subsequently, molecular docking was carried out to predict the combination of CEP with hub targets. Lastly, MD simulation was conducted to further verify the findings. RESULTS A total of 700 proteins were identified as CEP-COVID-19-related targets. After the validation by GSE158050, 97 validated targets were retained. Enrichment results indicated that CEP acts on COVID-19 through multiple pathways, multiple targets, and overall cooperation. Specifically, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is the most important pathway. Based on PPI network analysis, 9 central hub genes were obtained (ACE2, STAT1, SRC, PIK3R1, HIF1A, ESR1, ERBB2, CDC42, and BCL2L1). Molecular docking suggested that the combination between CEP and 9 central hub genes is extremely strong. Noteworthy, ACE2, considered the most important gene in CEP against COVID-19, binds to CEP most stably, which was further validated by MD simulation. CONCLUSION Our study comprehensively illustrated the potential targets and underlying molecular mechanism of CEP against COVID-19, which further provided the theoretical basis for exploring the potential protective mechanism of CEP against COVID-19.
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Chanthira Kumar H, Lim XY, Mohkiar FH, Suhaimi SN, Mohammad Shafie N, Chin Tan TY. Efficacy and Safety of Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) as a Potential Anticancer Agent. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221132848. [PMID: 36448674 PMCID: PMC9716600 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221132848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and therefore there has been interest in discovering the phytoconstituents of medicinal plants exhibiting anticancer activities. Morinda citrifolia L., commonly known as Noni, has shown anticancer properties in in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies. A systematic review was conducted to collate scientific evidence on the anticancer properties of M. citrifolia using pre-determined keywords on 5 electronic databases: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS, Web of Science, and EBSCOHost. A total of 51 clinical and preclinical studies comprising 41 efficacy and 10 safety studies were included in this review. Our findings showed that M. citrifolia demonstrated various anticancer properties in different cancer models, via multiple mechanisms including antitumor, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, antiangiogenesis, antimigratory, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. M. citrifolia is deemed to be a potentially valuable medicinal plant in the treatment of cancer through its many intrinsic pathways. More well-designed and reported preclinical efficacy and safety studies are needed to allow for better translation into future clinical studies which could further substantiate the role of M. citriflolia in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemahwathy Chanthira Kumar
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,Hemahwathy Chanthira Kumar, Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No. 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam, Selangor 40170, Malaysia.
| | - Xin Yi Lim
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farah Huda Mohkiar
- Nutrition, Metabolic, and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shazlan Noor Suhaimi
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Terence Yew Chin Tan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Li M, Xiao YB, Wei L, Liu Q, Liu PY, Yao JF. Beneficial Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Failure. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5413504. [PMID: 36471694 PMCID: PMC9719426 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5413504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by hormonal disorders, amenorrhea, and premature loss of fertility potential in women of reproductive age. Several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating POF. TCM relied primarily on apoptosis, immunity, and aging to treat POF based on the studies of domestic and foreign literature. Zuogui pills inhibited mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in the treatment of POF. Huyang Yangkun formula regulated the downstream of the Bcl-2 family to resist apoptosis through the aquaporin-1 protein. Modified Bazhen decoction regulated apoptosis in POF by regulating X-linked inhibitors of apoptosis protein. Bushen Tianjing recipe was effective in treating POF by promoting angiogenesis and preventing apoptosis. As for immunity, Bushen Jianpi prescription and Er-Xian decoction cured autoimmunity POF models and increased follicular development-related protein expression. Bushen Huoxue Tang improved ovarian function and reduced ovarian inflammation by regulating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and T lymphocytes. Taohong Siwu decoction promoted the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells of POF mice by regulating the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. In addition, ginsenoside Rg1 and Jiajian Guisheng formula treated POF by regulating cell aging-related mechanisms. Si Wu Tang treated POF by activating the angiogenesis-related proteins. The goal of this review is to serve as a reference for in-depth research into the treatment of POF with TCM and provide inspiration for new diagnostic methods and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Yu-Bo Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Le Wei
- Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Pin-Yue Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian-Feng Yao
- Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou, China
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Gu L, Wu H, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Jin Y, Li T, Ma L, Zheng J. The effects of elemene emulsion injection on rat fecal microbiota and metabolites: Evidence from metagenomic exploration and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:913461. [PMID: 36504762 PMCID: PMC9730252 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.913461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Elemene emulsion injection (EEI) has been approved for interventional and intracavitary chemotherapy in treating malignant ascites in China, but few studies have focused on the effects of EEI on gut microbiota and metabolites. In this study, we investigated the effects of EEI on the fecal microbiota and metabolites in healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods We randomly assigned 18 male SD rats to three groups (n = 6 in each group): the sham group (group S), the low-concentration EEI group (L-EEI), and the high-concentration EEI group (H-EEI). The L-EEI and H-EEI rats were administered 14 days of consecutive EEI, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP). Group S rats were administered the same volume of normal saline. On day 14, each animal's feces were collected for metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic analysis, and the colonic contents were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results EEI could alter the β-diversity but not the α-diversity of the fecal microbiota and induce structural changes in the fecal microbiota. Different concentrations of EEI affect the fecal microbiota differently. The effects of different EEI concentrations on the top 20 bacteria with significant differences at the species level among the three groups were roughly divided into three categories: (1) A positive or negative correlation with the different EEI concentrations. The abundance of Ileibacterium Valens increased as the EEI concentration increased, while the abundance of Firmicutes bacteria and Clostridium sp. CAC: 273 decreased. (2) The microbiota showed a tendency to increase first, then decrease or decrease first, and then increase as EEI concentration increased-the abundance of Prevotella sp. PCHR, Escherichia coli, and Candidatus Amulumruptor caecigallinarius tended to decrease with L-EEI but significantly increased with H-EEI. In contrast, L-EEI significantly increased Ruminococcus bromii and Dorea sp. 5-2 abundance, and Oscillibacter sp. 1-3 abundance tended to increase, while H-EEI significantly decreased them. (3) L-EEI and H-EEI decreased the abundance of bacteria (Ruminococcaceae bacterium, Romboutsia ilealis, and Staphylococcus xylosus). Fecal metabolites, like microbiota, were sensitive to different EEI concentrations and correlated with fecal microbiota and potential biomarkers. Conclusion This study shows that intraperitoneal EEI modulates the composition of rat fecal microbiota and metabolites, particularly the gut microbiota's sensitivity to different concentrations of EEI. The impact of changes in the microbiota on human health remains unknown, particularly EEI's efficacy in treating tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital Affiliated to Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Health Center of 95816 of the People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Yousheng Wu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,Tian Li
| | - Litian Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China,Litian Ma
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Jin Zheng
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Chang Y, Lu Z, Sui J, Jin T, Zhang M. Biometrics Data Visualization of Ginsenosides in Anticancer Investigations. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 51:35-51. [PMID: 36408727 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside extracts have been shown to have anticancer effects by a growing number of studies and have thus become a hot topic in cancer research. Our study used VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares to conduct a bibliometric approach to co-citation and co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in the field of cancer research to investigate the current status and trends of ginsenosides research in cancer. The web of science core collection (WoSCC) contained a total of 1102 papers. China made the most contributions in this area, with the most publications (742, 67.3%), and collaborated closely with Korea and the USA. The Journal of Ginseng Research, with the most total citations (1607) and an IF of 6.06, is the leading journal in the field of ginsenoside and cancer research, publishing high quality articles. Saponin and its extracts inhibit oxidative stress, promote apoptosis, and inhibits chemotherapy resistance by ginsenosides, all of which are hot research areas in this field. In the coming years, it is expected that the combination of ginsenosides and nanoparticles, in-depth mechanisms of cancer inhibition, and targeted therapy will receive widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqi Lu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Sui
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
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Zhu X, Wang L, Zhao T, Jiang Q. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of Eriobotrya japonica leaves: A summary. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115566. [PMID: 35870687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. has been included in "The Plant List" (http://www.theplantlist.org) and is the most widely researched species in its genus. E. japonica is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. Its dried leaves are widely used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine to treat coughing caused by pulmonary inflammation, dyspnea due to asthma and cough, nausea caused by stomach disorders, restlessness, and thirst. Furthermore, it is used to treat stomach ache, ulcers, chronic bronchitis, cancer, and diabetes mellitus in Japanese folk medicine. However, no systematic reports on E. japonica leaves have been published before. AIM OF THE STUDY This review summarizes the available information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and quality control of various extracts and phytoconstituents of E. japonica leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant publications between 1931 and 2022 were considered. Chinese and English studies on E. japonica leaves were collected from databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, ACS Publications, Springer, and CNKI (Chinese). The traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and quality control of E. japonica leaves were reviewed. RESULTS Briefly, 164 compounds, including triterpenes, flavonoids, sesquiterpene glycosides, megastigmane derivatives, phenylpropanoids, and organic acids, have been identified from E. japonica leaves, in addition to 169 volatile oils. More than half of these compounds have not yet been reported to have pharmacological activities. Triterpenes and flavonoids are the most important bioactive compounds responsible for pharmacological activities, such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Other beneficial physiological effects such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, bronchodilatory, antitussive, and expectorant effects and tracheal smooth muscle relaxation, protection against myocardial ischemia injury, and improved cognitive activities have also been reported. High doses of E. japonica leaf extracts have been used in laboratory animals, and no side effects or toxicity-symptoms have been observed. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological activities of E. japonica leaves support their use in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. However, several aspects, such as the bioavailability, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, and structure-activity relationships of the pure compounds isolated from E. japonica leaves, have not been studied yet and warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Tie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Ginsenoside Rh2 Induces HeLa Apoptosis through Upregulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related and Downstream Apoptotic Gene Expression. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227865. [PMID: 36431966 PMCID: PMC9699401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy afflicting women all over the world. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), especially 20(S)-GRh2, is a biologically active component in the natural plant ginseng, which can exhibit anticancer effects. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of 20(S)-GRh2 on cervical cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanism through RNA-seq. In this study, the CCK-8 assay showed that 20(S)-GRh2 inhibited HeLa cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Caspase 3 activity and Annexin V staining results showed that 20(S)-GRh2 induced apoptosis of HeLa cells. Gene function enrichment analysis revealed that the biological process gene ontology (GO) terms were associated with the apoptotic signaling pathway. Biological process GO terms' similarity network indicated that apoptosis might be from endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that 20(S)-GRh2 primarily modulates apoptosis pathway genes. Combined protein-protein interaction network, hub gene screening, and qPCR validation data showed that ERs-related genes (ATF4 and DDIT3) and the downstream apoptotic genes (JUN, FOS, BBC3, and PMAIP1) were potential novel targets of 20(S)-GRh2-inducing cervical cancer cell apoptosis. Differential transcript usage analysis indicated that DDIT3 is also a differential transcript and its usage of the isoform (ENST00000552740.5) was reduced by 20(S)-GRh2. Molecular docking suggested that 20(S)-GRh2 binds to the targets (ATF4, DDIT3, JUN, FOS, BBC3, and PMAIP1) with high affinity. In conclusion, our findings indicated that 20(S)-GRh2 might promote ERs-related apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by regulating the DDIT3-based targets' signal pathway. The role of 20(S)-GRh2 at the transcriptome level provides novel targets and evidence for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Influence of Ginsenoside Rh2 on Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5194523. [PMID: 36276858 PMCID: PMC9581695 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5194523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective This paper intends to verify through in vivo experiments whether ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) can play an anti-inflammatory role by modulating cardiomyocyte (CM) pyroptosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thereby alleviating myocardial injury. Methods Twenty SD rats were randomized into control, L-Rh2, M-Rh2, and H-Rh2 groups, among which the latter three groups were modeled for AMI and given an intraperitoneal injection of G-Rh2 (L-Rh2: 2 mg/kg; M-Rh2: 4 mg/kg; H-Rh2: 8 mg/kg), while the control group was only treated with thoracotomy and sodium chloride injection. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were recorded by ultrasonic diagnosis. Rats were killed under anesthesia, and the morphological characteristics of ventricular tissue were observed by electron microscope. Additionally, cardiac blood and ventricular tissues were collected to quantify the contents of myocardial injury markers (creatine phosphate kinase (CK), creatine phosphokinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by ELISA, as well as the expression of pyroptosis-related genes cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1), gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) by qRT-PCR and Western blot). Results Ultrasonic examination identified lower HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and LVSP in the three Rh2 injection groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05); and in comparison with M- and H-Rh2 groups, HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and LVSP were all lower in L-Rh2 group, while LVEDP was higher (P < 0.05). Microscopically, CMs and organelles in the L-RH2, M-RH2, and H-RH2 groups were damaged to varying degrees compared with the control group, with those in the L-RH2 group being the most serious. CK, CK-MB, and LDH were also the highest in the L-Rh2 group and the lowest in the control group, while their levels were obviously reduced in M- and H-Rh2 groups (P < 0.05). Finally, GSDMD, IL-1β, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 were found to be reduced in the control group, while pyroptosis-related gene expression in the M-Rh2 group was improved markedly (P < 0.05). Conclusion G-Rh2 can inhibit the pathological development of AMI by relieving the focal death of CM and inhibiting the release of proinflammatory factors in the body, and the effect is significantly related to the dosage, which is expected to become a new treatment option for AMI in the future.
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Chen D, Kang H, Tuo T, Wang L, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Ge X, Han J, Guo X, Yang H. Astragalus polysaccharide alleviated the inhibition of CSFV C-strain replication caused by PRRSV via the TLRs/NF‑κB/TNF-α pathways. Virus Res 2022; 319:198854. [PMID: 35788015 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It is a common phenomenon that PRRSV infection can interfere with the protective efficacy of the CSFV vaccine in clinical settings, and no effective treatment is available. In our previous study, we found that PRRSV infection could inhibit the replication of CSFV-C by promoting the high expression of inflammatory cytokines. In order to further investigate whether Chinese medicine could alleviate the inhibition effect, the PAM39 cells model, which was co-infected with PRRSV and CSFV-C, was established. The effects of Chinese medicine on this co-infection model, as well as the effect of astragalus polysaccharide on the TLRs/NF-κB/TNF-α pathways, were investigated. Our results demonstrated that PAM39 cells inoculated with different pathogenic PRRSV significantly inhibited the replication of CSFV-C and up-regulated the major inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α. For the following studies, 50 µM of astragalus polysaccharide was selected from six kinds of representative Chinese medicine based on their cytotoxicity, viral titers, and inflammatory mediators. Further experiments indicated that astragalus polysaccharide could alleviate the inhibition of CSFV-C replication in the co-infection group with no influence on cell viability. In addition, astragalus polysaccharide treatment clearly reduced P65 phosphorylation and down-regulated the expression of TLR7, TLR9, and TNF-α in co-infection group, implying that the TLRs/NF-κB/TNF-α pathways may play an important role in astragalus polysaccharide's anti-inflammatory response. In conclusion, astragalus polysaccharide treatment alleviated PRRSV-mediated inhibition of CSFV-C replication via the TLRs/NF-κB/TNF-α pathways, and the molecular mechanism of PRRSV co-infection leading to the failure of CSFV vaccine immunization was partially elucidated, providing a scientific basis for effective CSF prevention and control in pig farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjin Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Kang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianbei Tuo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidan Xia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinna Ge
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanchun Yang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Nie X, Geng Z, Liu J, Qi L, Wang Z, Liu T, Tang J. Chinese herbal medicine anticancer cocktail soup activates immune cells to kill colon cancer cells by regulating the gut microbiota-Th17 axis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:963638. [PMID: 36147322 PMCID: PMC9486099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.963638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines are effective for treating colon cancer (CC). CC development is reportedly associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune function dysregulation. Herein we explored the therapeutic effects of a Chinese herbal medicine anticancer cocktail soup (CHMACS) on mice with CC and also explored its regulatory effects on gut microbiota. In vivo experiments indicated that CHMACS significantly inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenicity of CC cells. Further, CHMACS treatment decreased the proportion of CD8+ T, natural killer, and Th17 cells. HPLC/MS analysis showed that CHMACS comprised 227 active components. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed, for example, an increase in the relative abundance of uncultured_bacterium_g_Turicibacter and a decrease in that of uncultured_bacterium_g_Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 in gut microbiota of CHMACS-treated mice. Microbial diversity cluster analysis revealed that Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, Fusobacteria, Patescibacteria, and Firmicutes contributed the most to fecal microbial diversity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathway analysis and clusters of orthologous groups of protein annotation indicated that CHMACS treatment induced amino acid metabolism and suppressed carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, we found a strong association between changes in metabolites and immune cell maturation and activation. To summarize, our findings suggest that CHMACS kills CC cells by regulating gut microbiota and activating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Nie
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixiang Geng
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Te Liu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Te Liu, ; Jianguo Tang,
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Te Liu, ; Jianguo Tang,
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Wang S, Xing N, Meng X, Xiang L, Zhang Y. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to identify a novel cuproptosis-related prognostic signature and its ceRNA regulatory axis and candidate traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971867. [PMID: 36110528 PMCID: PMC9468865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most ordinary histological subtype of lung cancer, and regulatory cell death is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Recent reports suggested that cuproptosis is a novel copper-dependent modulated form of cell death dependent on mitochondrial respiration. However, the role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in the LUAD process is unclear. In the current study, we found that DLD, LIAS, PDHB, DLAT and LIPA1 in 10 differentially expressed CRGs were central genes. GO and KEGG enrichment results showed that these 10 CRGs were mainly enriched in acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process, mitochondrial matrix, citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and pyruvate metabolism. Furthermore, we constructed a prognostic gene signature model based on the six prognostic CRGs, which demonstrated good predictive potential. Excitedly, we found that these six prognostic CRGs were significantly associated with most immune cell types, with DLD being the most significant (19 types). Significant correlations were noted between some prognostic CRGs and tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability. Clinical correlation analysis showed that DLD was related to the pathological stage, T stage, and M stage of patients with LUAD. Lastly, we constructed the lncRNA UCA1/miR-1-3p/DLD axis that may play a key role in the progression of LUAD and screened nine active components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that may regulate DLD. Further, in vitro cell experiments and molecular docking were used to verify this. In conclusion, we analyzed the potential value of CRGs in the progression of LUAD, constructed the potential regulatory axis of ceRNA, and obtained the targeted regulatory TCM active ingredients through comprehensive bioinformatics combined with experimental validation strategies. This work not only provides new insights into the treatment of LUAD but also includes a basis for the development of new immunotherapy drugs that target cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Li Xiang,
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Li Xiang,
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Shi J, Xu J, Li Y, Li B, Ming H, Nice EC, Huang C, Li Q, Wang C. Drug repurposing in cancer neuroscience: From the viewpoint of the autophagy-mediated innervated niche. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:990665. [PMID: 36105204 PMCID: PMC9464986 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.990665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the bidirectional interactions between neurology and cancer science, the burgeoning field “cancer neuroscience” has been proposed. An important node in the communications between nerves and cancer is the innervated niche, which has physical contact with the cancer parenchyma or nerve located in the proximity of the tumor. In the innervated niche, autophagy has recently been reported to be a double-edged sword that plays a significant role in maintaining homeostasis. Therefore, regulating the innervated niche by targeting the autophagy pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Drug repurposing has received considerable attention for its advantages in cost-effectiveness and safety. The utilization of existing drugs that potentially regulate the innervated niche via the autophagy pathway is therefore a promising pharmacological approach for clinical practice and treatment selection in cancer neuroscience. Herein, we present the cancer neuroscience landscape with an emphasis on the crosstalk between the innervated niche and autophagy, while also summarizing the underlying mechanisms of candidate drugs in modulating the autophagy pathway. This review provides a strong rationale for drug repurposing in cancer treatment from the viewpoint of the autophagy-mediated innervated niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Neurology and Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qifu Li, ; Chuang Wang,
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Qifu Li, ; Chuang Wang,
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Hao X, Fan H, Yang J, Tang J, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Huang L, Xia Y. Network Pharmacology Research and Dual-omic Analyses Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Natural Product Nodosin Inhibiting Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2006-2017. [PMID: 35976233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer, specifically, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), is among the most common malignant tumors. Patients with MIBC who cannot tolerate standard drugs require novel treatments. Targeting apoptosis may help treat cancer, which may be achieved with the use of some natural products. Nodosin, found in Isodon serra (Maxim.) Kudo (known as Xihuangcao), may inhibit bladder cancer cells. Transcriptomics and proteomics dual-omic analyses revealed the network pharmacological mechanism: (1) blocking the S phase by up-regulating RPA2, CLSPN, MDC1, PDCD2L, and E2F6 gene expressions, suppressing cancer cell proliferation; (2) inducing apoptosis and autophagy and restraining ferroptosis by up-regulating HMOX1, G0S2, SQSTM1, FTL, SLC7A11, and AIFM2 gene expressions; (3) preventing cancer cell migration by down-regulating NEXN, LIMA1, CFL2, PALLD, and ITGA3 gene expressions. In vivo, nodosin inhibited bladder cancer cell growth in a model of xenograft tumor in nude mice. This study is the first to report basic research findings on the network pharmacological mechanism of cytotoxicity of bladder cancer cells by nodosin, providing novel evidence for the application of nodosin in the field of oncology; however, other mechanisms may be involved in the effects of nodosin for further research. These findings provide a foundation for the development of novel MIBC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Huixia Fan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
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Alshuail N, Alehaideb Z, Alghamdi S, Suliman R, Al-Eidi H, Ali R, Barhoumi T, Almutairi M, Alwhibi M, Alghanem B, Alamro A, Alghamdi A, Matou-Nasri S. Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch.Bip Flower Dichloromethane Extract Exerts Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Properties in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (MDA-MB-231) Cells: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091060. [PMID: 36145281 PMCID: PMC9506496 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a challenging disease due to the absence of tailored therapy. The search for new therapies involves intensive research focusing on natural sources. Achillea fragrantissima (A. fragrantissima) is a traditional medicine from the Middle East region. Various solvent extracts from different A. fragrantissima plant parts, including flowers, leaves, and roots, were tested on TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells. Using liquid chromatography, the fingerprinting revealed rich and diverse compositions for A. fragrantissima plant parts using polar to non-polar solvent extracts indicating possible differences in bioactivities. Using the CellTiter-Glo™ viability assay, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined for each extract and ranged from 32.4 to 161.7 µg/mL. The A. fragrantissima flower dichloromethane extract had the lowest mean IC50 value and was chosen for further investigation. Upon treatment with increasing A. fragrantissima flower dichloromethane extract concentrations, the MDA-MB-231 cells displayed, in a dose-dependent manner, enhanced morphological and biochemical hallmarks of apoptosis, including cell shrinkage, phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase activity, and mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, assessed using phase-contrast microscopy, fluorescence-activated single-cell sorting analysis, Image-iT™ live caspase, and mitochondrial transition pore opening activity, respectively. Anticancer target prediction and molecular docking studies revealed the inhibitory activity of a few A. fragrantissima flower dichloromethane extract-derived metabolites against carbonic anhydrase IX, an enzyme reported for its anti-apoptotic properties. In conclusion, these findings suggest promising therapeutic values of the A. fragrantissima flower dichloromethane extract against TNBC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Alshuail
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alehaideb
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Alghamdi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Suliman
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Al-Eidi
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ali
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tlili Barhoumi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Almutairi
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alwhibi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alghanem
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abir Alamro
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Alghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabine Matou-Nasri
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-11-429-4444 (ext. 94535); Fax: +966-11-429-4440
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Salam HS, Tawfik MM, Elnagar MR, Mohammed HA, Zarka MA, Awad NS. Potential Apoptotic Activities of Hylocereus undatus Peel and Pulp Extracts in MCF-7 and Caco-2 Cancer Cell Lines. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172192. [PMID: 36079573 PMCID: PMC9459728 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a huge demand for novel anticancer agents with fewer side effects compared to current therapies. Pitaya, or dragon fruit, is a reservoir of potent anticancer compounds. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical components of Hylocereus undatus pulp and peel extracts using LC-MS and GC-MS, and to investigate the in vitro effects of both extracts against cancer (breast, MCF-7, and colon, Caco-2) and normal (lung; WI-38 and breast; MCF-10A) cell proliferation using the MTT assay. The apoptosis potential of the anticancer effects was also evaluated using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and Western blot. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the peel extract were significantly higher than those in the pulp extract. Compared to the flavonoid and phenolic acid standards, the LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of nine compounds, which were represented as 84.32 and 5.29 µg/g of the flavonoids and 686.11 and 148.72 µg/g of the phenolic acids in the peel and pulp extracts, respectively. Among the identified compounds, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and rutin were found at the highest concentration in both plant extracts. Both extracts displayed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and Caco-2 cancer cells after 48 h of treatment at IC50 values ranging from 14 to 53 μg/mL with high selective indices against normal WI-38 and MCF-10A cell lines. The increase in apoptosis was revealed by the overexpression of p53, BAX, and caspase-9 and the downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions. The results indicate that H. undatus extracts can be a plant source for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanin S. Salam
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Elnagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
- Correspondence: (M.R.E.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.R.E.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed A. Zarka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October City, Giza 12563, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Nabil S. Awad
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
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Hyun MK, Kim DH, Park CH, Noh SG, Choi S, Lee JY, Choi JH, Park D, Choi YJ, Chung HY. Protective mechanisms of loquat leaf extract and ursolic acid against diabetic pro-inflammation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1455-1464. [PMID: 35962799 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological effectiveness of loquat leaf extract (LE) and its important component, ursolic acid (UA), in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, has been well established in traditional medicine; however, the mechanism underlying their action is still unclear. We evaluated the protective effects of LE and UA against hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end product (AGE) formations and hepatic pro-inflammation. Oral administration of UA and LE at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 15 days yielded no significant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic db/db mice. UA and LE suppressed hepatic oxidative stress and AGE formation in diabetic mice, and this was followed by the downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB) activity. To identify the molecular target of LE and UA, a docking simulation was performed, and this predicted UA to bind to liver kinase B1 (LKB1), an upstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/transcription factor forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) axis. UA reversed the high-glucose-induced downregulation of LKB1-AMPK1-FOXO3 activation and antioxidant gene transcription. These findings demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of UA and LE against hyperglycemia-induced hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, we speculate that the LKB1/AMPK/FOXO3 pathway is a potential target responsible for these beneficial effects of LE and UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Hyun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, 369-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hum Park
- Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, 369-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gyun Noh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihyun Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Dongguk University Gyeongju, 123 Dongdaero, Gyeongju, 38066, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Dongguk University Gyeongju, 123 Dongdaero, Gyeongju, 38066, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Dongguk University Gyeongju, 123 Dongdaero, Gyeongju, 38066, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Duhyeon Park
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Dongguk University Gyeongju, 123 Dongdaero, Gyeongju, 38066, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Dongguk University Gyeongju, 123 Dongdaero, Gyeongju, 38066, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Rosin Derivative IDOAMP Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Activating RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9325973. [PMID: 35965682 PMCID: PMC9371855 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9325973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Rosin derivatives such as dehydroabietic acid and dehydroabietic amine belonging to diterpenoids have similar structure with androgen that inhibited the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. In this study, the effects and possible mechanism of the rosin derivative IDOAMP on prostate cancer were investigated. Our results showed that IDOAMP effectively inhibited cell viabilities of LNCaP, PC3, and DU145 prostate cells. After the treatment with IDOAMP, the levels of cleaved-PARP, LC3BII/I, and HMGB1 were increased, whereas the expression of GPX4 was decreased. Interestingly, cell viability was reversed by the supplements of necrostatin-1 and necrosulfonamide. Meanwhile, the IDOAMP downregulated the expression of human Aurora kinase A that was overexpressed in prostate cancer. In addition, co-IP results showed that IDOAMP inhibited the binding of Aurora kinase A to the receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3. However, the binding of RIPK1 to FADD, RIPK3, or MLKL was significantly promoted. Further studies showed that the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1, RIPK, and MLKL were increased in a concentration-dependent manner. In in vivo model, IDOAMP reduced the tumor volumes and weights. In conclusion, IDOAMP directly inhibited Aurora kinase A and promoted the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL necrosome activation to inhibit the prostate cancer.
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Bao ZH, Hou XB, Li HL, Mao YF, Wang WR. The mechanism and progress of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151919. [PMID: 35772355 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide annually. Because of late diagnosis, rapid metastasis and drug resistance to chemotherapy, pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. Although the treatment of pancreatic cancer has made tremendous progress, the options for effective treatment are still limited, and new treatment methods are in crying needs to improve prognosis in clinic. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death mode, which is mediated by lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation. Ferroptosis plays a momentous role in regulating different cancers in recent years, such as breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this present review, we elaborate on the regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer, with the intention of delivering directions and new ideas for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hang Bao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Hou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Hao-Ling Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Yi-Feng Mao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Wen-Rui Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
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Li Z, Cao L, Yang C, Liu T, Zhao H, Luo X, Chen Q. Protocatechuic Acid-Based Supramolecular Hydrogel Targets SerpinB9 to Achieve Local Chemotherapy for OSCC. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36379-36394. [PMID: 35904511 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a natural phenolic acid present in daily vegetables and fruits. Notably, PCA was demonstrated to inhibit the biological function of SerpinB9 (Sb9) and exhibit an excellent antitumor effect, showing great potential in cancer treatment. However, the short half-life time limits PCA's wide application against cancers. To overcome this shortage of PCA, we integrated PCA and another natural product with strong self-assembling properties, isoguanosine (isoG), to develop a novel multifunctional supramolecular hydrogel with good biocompatibility and injectability, which remarkably lengthens the releasing time of PCA and exerts considerable anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Besides, we surprisingly found that PCA could not only target Sb9 but also restrain cancer development through activating the JNK/P38 pathway, decreasing the ROS level, and repairing cancer stemness. In all, our results demonstrate that this PCA-based hydrogel could act as a multifunctional hydrogel system equipped with considerable anticancer effects, providing potential local administration integrating with targeted therapy and chemotherapy in one simple modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lideng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Chengcan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, No. 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Tiannan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
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Preliminary Study on Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Myriactis nepalensis Less. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144631. [PMID: 35889501 PMCID: PMC9324352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the need for novel therapeutic strategies to combat the development of microbial resistance, plant essential oils may represent a promising alternative source. This study set out to characterize the chemical composition and assess the antibacterial potential of Myriactis nepalensis Less. essential oil (MNEO). Essential oil isolated from M. nepalensis by hydrodistillation was analyzed using a GC–MS technique. The antibacterial properties of MNEO alone and combined with antibiotics (chloramphenicol and streptomycin) were tested via the disc diffusion, microbroth dilution, and checkerboard methods. MNEO was represented by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (60.3%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (28.6%), with caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol, humulene epoxide II, β-elemene, neointermedeol, and β-caryophyllene as the main compounds. MNEO exhibited a strong antibacterial effect against Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC and MBC values of 0.039 mg/mL and 0.039–0.156 mg/mL, respectively, and synergistic effects were observed in both combinations with chloramphenicol and streptomycin. Furthermore, the antibiofilm and cytotoxic activities of MNEO were also evaluated. The crystal violet assay was used for quantification of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation, and an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted to determine cell viability. The results revealed MNEO could dose-dependently inhibit Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and possessed potential cytotoxic on both normal and cancer cells (IC50 values from 13.13 ± 1.90 to 35.22 ± 8.36 μg/mL). Overall, the results indicate that MNEO may have promising applications in the field of bacterial infections.
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Li RT, Chen M, Yang ZC, Chen YJ, Huang NH, Chen WH, Chen J, Chen JX. AIE-based gold nanostar-berberine dimer nanocomposites for PDT and PTT combination therapy toward breast cancer. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9818-9831. [PMID: 35771232 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03408e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We designed and synthesized three new berberine-based compounds, namely, pyridine-2,6-dimethyl-/2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-dimethyl-tethered berberine dimers BD1 and BD2, and a tetrakis(4-benzyl)ethylene linked berberine tetramer BD4. We identified that the dimer BD2 and tetramer BD4, as well as 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dimethyl-linked berberine dimer BD3 previously reported by us, showed remarkable aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties which endowed them with higher singlet oxygen (1O2) production ability than berberine. Of the four compounds, BD3 exhibits the lowest ΔEST energy with the highest 1O2 generation ability and thus was selected for further construction of AuNSs-BD3@HA (denoted as ABH, AuNSs = gold nanostars; HA = hyaluronic acid). The nanosystem of ABH shows a remarkable therapeutic effect toward breast cancer by combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) from BD3, photothermal therapy (PTT) from AuNSs, and the CD44-targeting capability of HA. The synergistically enhanced PDT and PTT induce superior cancer cell apoptosis/necrosis in vitro and anti-breast cancer activity in vivo. This study provides a new concept for PDT using natural product derivatives and their combination with PTT for efficient treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Tian Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zi-Chuan Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong-Jian Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Nai-Han Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Wuyi University, 529040, Jiangmen, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jin-Xiang Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Zhou Q, Wu WW, Yu CL, Wang P, Wen XQ, Chen BL, Zhang Y, Zhuang M, Zhang MY, Zhang HY, Zhang JW. Saikosaponin A Inhibits Growth of Human Bladder Carcinoma T24 and 5637 Cells Both in Vitro and in Vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:863-871. [PMID: 35491088 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Saikosaponin A (SSA)-a natural compound extracted from Radix bupleuri-possesses antitumor properties in several types of carcinomas. However, the role of SSA on bladder cancer and the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we have described the effect of SSA on human bladder cancer cell lines T24 and 5637 in the context of the regulation of mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. In vitro, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and cell wound healing assays were used to determine the proliferative effect of SSA treatment. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the apoptosis and related mechanisms. To further confirm that apoptosis is mediated through Caspase activation, Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining assay was done after cells were treated with SSA and caspase inhibitor-Z-VAD-FMK. In vivo, an orthotopic xenograft mice model was adopted to evaluate the effect of SSA. The tumors were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blotting. In vitro, the results with CCK-8 assay showed obvious SSA-induced suppression in cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis, Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining assay and the assessment of the changes in the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family protein expression level revealed that SSA could significantly induce cell apoptosis, which was associated with apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathways. In vivo, the results revealed a reduction in cell proliferation. In conclusion, our data suggest that SSA inhibits the growth of bladder cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and inducing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Wei-Wei Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province
| | - Chun-Lei Yu
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College
| | | | - Bi-Ling Chen
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Min Zhuang
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College
| | | | - Hao-Yuan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College
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Sun Q, Xiao L, Cui Z, Yang Y, Ma J, Huang Z, Zhang J, Chen J. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane improves antitumor immune responses of PD-1 blockade via inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Chin Med 2022; 17:81. [PMID: 35773674 PMCID: PMC9245307 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have obtained encouraging results, but a fraction of tumor patients failed to respond to anti-PD-1 treatment due to the existence of multiple immune suppressive elements such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Traditional Chinese medicine or natural products from medicinal plants could enhance immunity and may be helpful for cancer immunotherapy. As a digestive metabolite from cruciferous plants, 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) has been widely used in chemotherapy, but its influence on cancer immunotherapy remains unclear. Here we investigate the function of DIM on MDSCs and examine the therapeutic effects of DIM in conjunction with PD-1 antibody against mouse tumors. Methods Flow cytometry analysis, Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR assay were used to examine the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of DIM on MDSCs in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic effects of DIM on cancer immunotherapy by PD-1 antibody were evaluated in mouse models of breast cancer and melanoma tumor. Results DIM exerted the inhibitory effect on MDSCs via downregulating miR-21 level and subsequently activating PTEN/PIAS3-STAT3 pathways. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs impaired the therapeutic effects of DIM, indicating that the antitumor activity of DIM might be due to the suppression of MDSCs. Furthermore, in mouse models of breast cancer and melanoma tumor, the addition of DIM can enhance the therapeutic effect of PD-1 antibody through promoting T cells responses, and thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Conclusions Overall, the strategy based on the combination treatment of anti-PD-1 antibody and DIM may provide a new approach for cancer immunotherapy. Cruciferae plants-rich diet which contains high amount of DIM precursor may be beneficial for cancer patients that undergo the anti-PD-1 treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00638-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Junting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China.
| | - Zhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
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Xi P, Niu Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Gao F, Gu W, Kui F, Liu Z, Lu L, Du G. The mechanism of dioscin preventing lung cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115138. [PMID: 35245631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscorea nipponica Makino as a Chinese folk medicine has been used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, cough, and asthma. Several studies have established the antimetastatic potential of Dioscorea nipponica Makino extract. Dioscin is a major bioactive compound in Dioscorea nipponica Makino and has anti-tumor property in lung cancer cell lines. However, the preventive effect of dioscin against lung cancer and its key mechanism haven't been identified yet. AIM OF STUDY To identify the prevention effect of dioscin on lung cancer and explore its key mechanism based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS The potential targets of dioscin were obtained from the HERB database. The therapeutic targets of lung cancer were acquired from the GeneCards database. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed in the STRING 11.0 database. The David database was used for enrichment analysis. Molecular Docking was finished by the AutoDock Vina. NSCLC cell lines and mouse lung cancer model were used to confirm the prevention effect of dioscin on lung cancer and its key mechanism. RESULTS 76 potential targets of dioscin were identified to be involved in lung cancer treatment, which refer to 512 biological processes, 47 molecular functions, 77 cellular components and 107 signal pathways. The molecular docking suggested that dioscin might bind to AKT1, Caspase3, TP53, C-JUN and IL-6. The DARTS indicated that dioscin could bind to AKT1. In vitro, dioscin could decrease proliferation, invasion and migration in A549 and PC-9 cells with the significant reduction in the expression of p-AKT, MMP2, and PCNA. In vivo, dioscin could reduce lung nodules, lung injury, and mortality in mouse lung cancer model with reducing the expression of p-AKT, MMP2, PCNA and increasing the expression of active-caspase3. CONCLUSION Dioscin could prevent lung cancer and its key target is AKT1 kinase, a center protein of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yuji Niu
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenwen Gu
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Fuguang Kui
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Linlin Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Gangjun Du
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Han W, Xing W, Wang K, Wang B, Bai K. Alisol A attenuates malignant phenotypes of colorectal cancer cells by inactivating PI3K/Akt signaling. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:249. [PMID: 35761944 PMCID: PMC9214697 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancement in the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer, the outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer remain unsatisfactory. Alisol A is a natural constituent of Alismatis rhizoma (zexie) and has demonstrated anti-cancer properties; however, the function of Alisol A in colorectal cancer is still unknown. In the present study, the effect of Alisol A on colorectal cancer progression was investigated. MTT and colony formation assays showed that treatment with Alisol A repressed colorectal cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, western blot analysis demonstrated that Alisol A upregulated E-cadherin protein expression levels, but downregulated N-cadherin and Vimentin protein expression levels in colorectal cancer cells. In addition, the number of cells in G0/G1 phase was enhanced, while that of S phase was reduced in Alisol A-treated colorectal cancer cells. Apoptosis and pyroptosis of colorectal cancer cells were stimulated following treatment with Alisol A. Alisol A suppressed the migration ability of colorectal cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Alisol A increased the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to cisplatin. Mechanically, western blot analysis confirmed that Alisol A repressed the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR in colorectal cancer cells. The Akt activator, SC79 reversed the effect of Alisol A on colorectal cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, Alisol A induced an inhibitory effect on colorectal cancer progression by inactivating PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Han
- Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Xing
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Kechao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Benjun Wang
- Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Keyun Bai
- Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Song YC, Lee DY, Yeh PY. A Novel Chinese Herbal and Corresponding Chemical Formula for Cancer Treatment by Targeting Tumor Maintenance, Progression, and Metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:907826. [PMID: 35721174 PMCID: PMC9204638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.907826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized a so-called "heirloom recipe" Chinese herbal formula (temporarily named Formula X) that contains five Chinese medical botanical drugs, Huang-Lian (Coptis chinensis Franch. [Ranunculaceae]), Huang-Qin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi [Lamiaceae]), Bai-Wei (Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C. Morren and Decne. [Apocynaceae]), E-Zhu (Curcuma aromatica Salisb. [Zingiberaceae]) and Bai-Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. [Asteraceae]). Formula X inhibited the growth of various cancer cells and decreased the expression levels of a panel of proteins, including CD133, Myc, PD-L1, and Slug, in cancer cells. We further found that the inhibition of growth and protein expression were exerted by Huang-Lian, Huang-Qin, and Bai-Wei (formula HHB), which exhibited the same biological effects as those of Formula X. Furthermore, we selected three active chemicals, berberine, baicalin, and saponin from Huang-Lian, Huang-Qin, and Bai-Wei, respectively, to produce a chemical formulation (formula BBS), which exhibited similar effects on cell growth and protein expression as those induced by formula HHB. Both the formulae HHB and BBS suppressed tumor growth in an animal study. Moreover, they decreased the protein levels of Myc and PD-L1 in tumor cells in vivo. In summary, we established a novel Chinese herbal formula and a chemical formula that targeted three important processes, tumor maintenance (tumor stem cells), progression, and metastasis, and that influenced the response of tumors to host immunosuppression, for the potentially effective treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chyi Song
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yen Yeh
- TCM division, Jin-Mi company, Taipei, Taiwan
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Marine-Derived Stichloroside C2 Inhibits Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Induces Apoptosis through the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signalling Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6449984. [PMID: 35607324 PMCID: PMC9124082 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6449984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Triterpenoid saponins from sea cucumbers exhibit significant antitumour, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. However, the associated molecular mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we screened and explored the antitumour activity and underlying mechanisms of triterpenoid saponins isolated from Thelenota ananas. Methods We isolated and purified sea cucumber saponins, determined their chemical structures, and confirmed their function in vitro. We also screened and explored the antitumour activity and underlying mechanisms of triterpenoid saponins isolated from Thelenota ananas. Results Four saponins were discovered from sea cucumber Thelenota ananas collected from the South China Sea. We found that stichloroside C2 (STC2) inhibited the proliferation and clonogenesis of the human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 and mouse TNBC cell line 4 T1 in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in these two TNBC cell lines. STC2 induced DNA damage in two TNBC cell lines and significantly increased the protein expression level of the DNA double-strand break marker γ-H2AX. STC2 downregulated the protein expression levels of phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin B1, CDK2, and cyclin A2 in MDA-MB-231 and 4 T1 cells. STC2 upregulated Bax and cleaved PARP protein expression in two types of breast cancer cells. In addition, STC2 promoted E-cadherin expression; inhibited vimentin expression; upregulated the phosphorylation levels of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway-related proteins p38, JNK, and ERK1/2; and downregulated Akt phosphorylation. Conclusions STC2 exerts anti-TNBC activity, inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and induces apoptosis by regulating the cell cycle, EMT-related proteins, and MAPK signalling pathway.
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6,7-Dimethoxycoumarin Influences the Erythroid Differentiation of Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia K562 Cells through Regulating FOXO3/p27 Signal Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1138851. [PMID: 35607323 PMCID: PMC9124080 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1138851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To study the pharmacological activity and the mechanism of action of natural compounds derived from 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin on the differentiation of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Methods. We use MTT assay (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) to detect cell viability; use flow cytometry to analyze DNA content for cell cycle analysis; use benzidine staining to synthesize hemoglobin to determine K562 cell differentiation; use western blot analysis and qPCR to detect the expression levels of FOX03, P27, CDK4, and their phosphorylation; and use the AOBS laser scanning confocal system (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) to analyze and quantify the number of positive green spots. The statistical methods used are one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s test to analyze within and between groups. Results. In order to explore the effect of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin on the differentiation of K562 cell erythrocytes, it was concluded that 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin promotes the differentiation of K562 cell erythrocytes; the proliferation of K562 cells was detected by MTT method, and the results showed that 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin can inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells; to evaluate the effect of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin on the proliferation of K562 cells, the results showed that 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin increased the expression of FOXO3, P27, CDK4, and CDK65, and decreased the phosphorylation of CDK4 and CDK6 proteins. To further explore the effect of knocking out FOXO3 on cell differentiation, the results show that 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin can reduce the differentiation and proliferation of K562 cells by increasing the expression of FOXO3. Conclusion. This study extended the understanding of the pharmacological activity of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin and may provide a potential new target for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, we still need to further study the specific molecular capabilities of 6.7 dimethylcoumarin to understand their possible capture mechanism.
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Yang Z, Liu Z, Xu J, Zhu J, Pu Y, Bao Y. Study on the physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory anti-tumor effect of the Pholiota adiposa polysaccharide. Food Funct 2022; 13:5153-5165. [PMID: 35420612 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03628a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the extraction, purification, physical and chemical properties, and biological activity of the Pholiota adiposa (PAP) polysaccharide were investigated. One fraction (PAP-1a) of Pholiota adiposa polysaccharides was isolated using DEAE Sepharose™ Fast Flow and Sephacryl™ S-300 High-Resolution columns. The HPLGPC results revealed that the molecular weight of PAP-1a was 16.453 kDa. PAP-1a was composed of mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose and their molar % was 33.41, 0.53, 1.33, 0.07, 0.27, 5.28, 38.31, 0.83, 18.04 and 2.23, respectively. PAP-1a could activate macrophages to secrete NO and cytokines such as TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-12p70. When hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs) and macrophages were co-cultured, it was observed that PAP-1a inhibited the growth of Hep-G2, Hep-3B, and Huh7 via immunoregulation. It triggered cell apoptosis by blocking the cell cycle in the G0/G1 stage. Furthermore, PAP-1a had no direct cytotoxicity against the hepatocyte cell line L02 and macrophages RAW264.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Junmo Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Youwei Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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Yu SX, Liang ZM, Wu QB, Shou L, Huang XX, Zhu QR, Xie H, Mei RY, Zhang RN, Zhai XY, Xie T, Sui XB. A Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer Patients by Integrating Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation and Precision Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:867-871. [PMID: 35508859 PMCID: PMC9068499 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Applying Chinese medicine (CM) is an important strategy for malignant tumor treatment in China. One of the significant characteristics of CM is to treat diseases based on syndrome differentiation. For Western medicine, it is of important clinical significance to formulate guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients based on the characteristics of disease differentiation. In Chinese clinical practice, the combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation is an important feature for cancer treatment in the past. Currently, molecular profiling and genomic analysis-based precision medicine optimizes the anticancer drug design and holds the greatest success in treating cancer patients. Therefore, we want to know which populations of cancer patients can benefit more from CM treatment if the theory of precision medicine is applied to CM clinical practice. So, we developed a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy "disease-syndrome differentiation-genomic profiling-prescriptions" for cancer patients by CM syndrome differentiation and precision medicine. As a result, this strategy has greatly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of CM and improved clinical outcomes for cancer patients with some gene mutations. Our idea will hopefully establish a novel approach for the inheritance and innovation of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Yu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zi-Mao Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qi-Biao Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lan Shou
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xing-Xing Huang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qian-Ru Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Han Xie
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ru-Yi Mei
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhai
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xin-Bing Sui
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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He S, Yang L, Ye S, Lin Y, Li X, Wang Y, Chen G, Liu G, Zhao M, Zhao X, Wei K, Zhang G, Miao J, Dong Y, Yang S. MPOD: Applications of integrated multi-omics database for medicinal plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:797-799. [PMID: 34954899 PMCID: PMC9055808 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simei He
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Ling Yang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- College of Food Science and TechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Shuang Ye
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yuan Lin
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xiaobo Li
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yina Wang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Geng Chen
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Guanze Liu
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xiu Zhao
- College of Tropical CropsYunnan Agricultural UniversityPu'erChina
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic ImprovementGuangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal PlantsNanningChina
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jianhua Miao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic ImprovementGuangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal PlantsNanningChina
| | - Yang Dong
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic ImprovementGuangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal PlantsNanningChina
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agriculture Industry Research InstituteKunmingChina
| | - Shengchao Yang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
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141
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Zhang H, Zhuo Y, Li D, Zhang L, Gao Q, Yang L, Yuan X. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the growth of pancreatic cells by inducing ferroptosis and activating antitumor immunity. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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142
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Duan J, Cao Y, Shen Z, Cheng Y, Ma Z, Wang L, Zhang Y, An Y, Sang S. 3D Bioprinted GelMA/PEGDA Hybrid Scaffold for Establishing an In Vitro Model of Melanoma. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:531-540. [PMID: 35058399 PMCID: PMC9628872 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2111.11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the high incidence of malignant melanoma, the establishment of in vitro models that recapitulate the tumor microenvironment is of great biological and clinical importance for tumor treatment and drug research. In this study, 3D printing technology was used to prepare GelMA/PEGDA composite scaffolds that mimic the microenvironment of human malignant melanoma cell (A375) growth and construct in vitro melanoma micro-models. The GelMA/PEGDA hybrid scaffold was tested by the mechanical property, cell live/dead assay, cell proliferation assay, cytoskeleton staining and drug loading assay. The growth of tumor cells in two- and three-dimensional culture systems and the anti-cancer effect of luteolin were evaluated using the live/dead staining method and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method. The results showed a high aggregation of tumor cells on the 3D scaffold, which was suitable for long-term culture. Cytoskeleton staining and immunofluorescent protein staining were used to evaluate the degree of differentiation of tumor cells under 2D and 3D culture systems. The results indicated that 3D bioprinted scaffolds were more suitable for tumor cell expansion and differentiation, and the tumor cells were more aggressive. In addition, luteolin was time- and dose-dependent on tumor cells, and tumor cells in the 3D culture system were more resistant to the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Duan
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China,College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, P.R. China
| | - Zhizhong Shen
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Zhuwei Ma
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Wang
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Yating Zhang
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Yuchuan An
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Shengbo Sang
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer and Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-0351-6010029 E-mail:
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143
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Wang P, Long F, Lin H, Wang T. Dietary phytochemicals targeting Nrf2 for chemoprevention in breast cancer. Food Funct 2022; 13:4273-4285. [PMID: 35373233 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for 11.7% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases and has become the leading cause of cancer worldwide. Currently, more effective and less toxic chemopreventive strategies for breast cancer are urgently needed. Notably, naturally occurring dietary phytochemical compounds, such as curcumin and resveratrol, are generally considered to be the most promising breast cancer preventive agents. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that plays a key regulatory role in the expression of multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzymes, which can effectively suppress the excessive accumulation of carcinogens and their metabolites. Therefore, modulation of Nrf2 by dietary phytochemicals appears to be a promising approach for breast cancer prevention, which further removes excessive carcinogenic metabolites by inducing Phase II cytoprotective enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). In this review, we summarize recently published findings on the prevention of breast cancer with potential natural phytochemical compounds targeting Nrf2, as well as a mechanistic discussion of Nrf2 activation and its contribution in inhibiting breast cancer carcinogenesis. The epigenetic regulation of Nrf2 by phytochemicals is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hong Lin
- b. Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- b. Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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144
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Guo X, Gong L, Dong B. Beneficial Alteration in Growth Performance, Immune Status, and Intestinal Microbiota by Supplementation of Activated Charcoal-Herb Extractum Complex in Broilers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:856634. [PMID: 35495714 PMCID: PMC9051449 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.856634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of activated charcoal-herb extractum complex (CHC) on the growth performance of broilers, inflammatory status, microbiota, and their relationships. A total of 864 1-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers (41.83 ± 0.64 g) were distributed to eight dietary treatments with six replicates (18 birds per replicate), which were a corn-soybean meal-based diet (NCON); basal diets supplemented with 250, 500, 750, or 1,000 mg/kg CHC, and three positive controls; basal diets supplemented with 200 mg/kg antibacterial peptide (AMP), 200 mg/kg calsporin (Probio) or 500 mg/kg montmorillonite. The study period was 42 days including the starter (day 0-21) and grower (day 22-42) phases. Compared with the NCON group, CHC supplementation (optimal dose of 500 mg/kg) increased (p < 0.05) growth performance and tended to increase feed conversion rate in broilers. CHC (optimal dose of 500 mg/kg) decreased the level of the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum and improved the levels of immunoglobulins A (IgA) and immunoglobulins A (IgM) in serum, and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in the mucosa of duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05). In the ileum, CHC supplementation decreased community abundance represented by lower Sobs, Chao 1, Ace, and Shannon compared with NCON (p < 0.05). At the phylum level, CHC supplementation increased the abundance of Firmicutes, while decreasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes in ileum and cecum (p < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the NCON group, CHC markedly reduced (p < 0.05) the abundances of pathogenic bacteria Alistipes in the ileum, which were negatively associated with the levels of SIgA and IL-1β in ileum mucosa. In conclusion, CHC had beneficial effects on growth performance, immune status, and intestinal microbiota composition. CHC had dual functions of absorption like clays and antibacterial like antibacterial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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145
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Zhao YY, Yang YQ, Sheng HH, Tang Q, Han L, Wang SM, Wu WY. GPX4 Plays a Crucial Role in Fuzheng Kang’ai Decoction-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851680. [PMID: 35496303 PMCID: PMC9043103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fuzheng Kang’ai decoction (FZKA) has been widely used to treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients in China for decades, showing definitively curative effects in clinic. Recently, we found that FZKA could induce NSCLC cell ferroptosis, another type of programmed cell death (PCD), which is totally different from cell apoptosis. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to discover the exact mechanism by which FZKA induces NSCLC cell ferroptosis, which is rarely studied in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Methods: Cell proliferation assay were performed to detect the cell viability. Cell ferroptosis triggered by FZKA was observed by performing lipid peroxidation assay, Fe2+ Ions assay, and mitochondrial ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy. Ferroptosis inhibitors including liproxstatin-1 and UAMC 3203 were used to block ferroptosis. The ratio of GSH/GSSG was done to measure the alteration of oxidative stress. Western blot and qRT-PCR were carried out to detect the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) at protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Lentivirus transfection was performed to overexpress GPX4 stably. Animal model was done to verify the effect of FZKA-induced ferroptosis in NSCLC in vivo and immunohistochemistry was done to detect the expression of SLC7A11, SLC3A2 and GPX4 at protein level. Results: First of all, in vitro experiments confirmed the inhibition effect of FZKA on NSCLC cell growth. We then, for the first time, found that FZKA induced NSCLC cell ferroptosis by increasing lipid peroxidation and cellular Fe2+ Ions. Moreover, characteristic morphological changes of NSCLC cell ferroptosis was observed under transmission electron microscopy. Mechanistically, GPX4, as a key inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, was greatly suppressed by FZKA treatment both at protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, system xc− (SLC7A11 and SLC3A2) were found to be suppressed and a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio was observed at the same time when treated with FZKA. Notably, overexpressing GPX4 reversed the effect of FZKA-induced NSCLC cell ferroptosis significantly. Finally, the above effect was validated using animal model in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings conclude that GPX4 plays a crucial role in FZKA-induced NSCLC cell ferroptosis, providing a novel molecular mechanism by which FZKA treats NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Postdoctoral Research Station, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qi Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hao Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Han, ; Su-Mei Wang, ; Wan-Yin Wu,
| | - Su-Mei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Han, ; Su-Mei Wang, ; Wan-Yin Wu,
| | - Wan-Yin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Han, ; Su-Mei Wang, ; Wan-Yin Wu,
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Abd-Alhaseeb MM, Massoud SM, Elsayed F, Omran GA, Salahuddin A. Evening Primrose Oil Enhances Tamoxifen's Anticancer Activity against Breast Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis, Inhibiting Angiogenesis, and Arresting the Cell Cycle. Molecules 2022; 27:2391. [PMID: 35458590 PMCID: PMC9031472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in cancer treatment, breast cancer (BC) is still one of the leading causes of death among women. The majority of anti-breast-cancer medications induce serious side effects and multidrug resistance. Although several natural compounds, such as evening primrose oil (EPO), have been shown to have anticancer properties when used alone, their combination with the anticancer medicine tamoxifen (TAM) has yet to be investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer efficacy of EPO, alone or in combination with TAM, in the BC cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, as well as to elucidate the mechanism of action. METHODS The MTT assay was used to investigate the cytotoxic effect of EPO on the two cell lines, and we discovered an acceptable IC50 that was comparable to TAM. The ELISA, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and colorimetric techniques were used. RESULTS The combination of EPO and TAM suppressed the VEGF level, VEGF gene expression and Cyclin D1 signaling pathways, arrested the cell cycle, and induced the apoptotic signaling pathways by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase 3 activity; this revealed significant anti-tumor activity. CONCLUSIONS The most significant finding of this study was the confirmation of the anticancer activity of the natural product EPO, which potentiated the activity of the anticancer drug TAM against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 BC cell lines through the induction of apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis and halting cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Abd-Alhaseeb
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Sarah M. Massoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (S.M.M.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Fatma Elsayed
- Cell Culture Unit, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21648, Egypt;
| | - Gamal A. Omran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (S.M.M.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Ahmad Salahuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (S.M.M.); (G.A.O.)
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147
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Bai Y, Chen J, Hu W, Wang L, Wu Y, Yu S. Silibinin Therapy Improves Cholangiocarcinoma Outcomes by Regulating ERK/Mitochondrial Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:847905. [PMID: 35401195 PMCID: PMC8983842 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.847905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Silibinin is widely utilized drug in various cancer treatments, though its application in cholangiocarcinoma has not yet been explored. For the first time, we evaluated the anticancer potential and underlying molecular mechanism of silibinin in treatment of cholangiocarcinoma treatment. Methods: HuCCT-1 and CCLP-1 cells were chosen to be an in vitro study model and were exposed to various concentrations of silibinin for indicated times. Cell viability was evaluated by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and half maximal inhibitory (IC50) concentrations were calculated. Cell proliferation capacity was determined through the use of colony formation and 5-Ethynyl-2′- deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell apoptosis and cycle arrest were assessed by Live/Dead staining assay and flow cytometry (FCM). The protein levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway were evaluated through western blotting (WB). Mitochondrial membrane potential changes were determined via 5,5′,6,6′-Tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1). A cholangiocarcinoma cell line xenograft model was used to assess the anti-tumor activity of silibinin in vivo. Results: Inhibition of the ERK protein by silibinin led to a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which, in turn, caused Cytochrome C to be released from the mitochondria. The activation of downstream apoptotic pathways led to apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cells. In general, silibinin inhibited the growth of cholangiocarcinoma cell line xenograft tumors. Conclusions: Silibinin is able to inhibit cholangiocarcinoma through the ERK/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which makes silibinin a potential anti-tumor drug candidate for cholangiocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijian Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shi’an Yu, ; Yulian Wu,
| | - Shi’an Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Shi’an Yu, ; Yulian Wu,
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148
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Ge H, Xu C, Chen H, Liu L, Zhang L, Wu C, Lu Y, Yao Q. Traditional Chinese Medicines as Effective Reversals of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced-Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Targets and Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842295. [PMID: 35308223 PMCID: PMC8931761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Distant metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality in patients with CRC. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process triggered during tumor metastasis, which is also the main impetus and the essential access within this duration. Therefore, targeting EMT-related molecular pathways has been considered a novel strategy to explore effective therapeutic agents against metastatic CRC. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with unique properties multi-target and multi-link that exert their therapeutic efficacies holistically, which could inhibit the invasion and metastasis ability of CRC cells via inhibiting the EMT process by down-regulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways. The objective of this review is to summarize and assess the anti-metastatic effect of TCM-originated bioactive compounds and Chinese medicine formulas by mediating EMT-associated signaling pathways in CRC therapy, providing a foundation for further research on the exact mechanisms of action through which TCMs affect EMT transform in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhang Ge
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghua Yao,
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149
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Cáceres-Vélez PR, Hui F, Hercus J, Bui B, Jusuf PR. Restoring the oxidative balance in age-related diseases - An approach in glaucoma. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101572. [PMID: 35065274 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As human life expectancy increases, age-related health issues including neurodegenerative diseases continue to rise. Regardless of genetic or environmental factors, many neurodegenerative conditions share common pathological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, a hallmark of many age-related health burdens. In this review, we describe oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative eye disease affecting 80 million people worldwide. We consider therapeutic approaches used to counteract oxidative stress in glaucoma, including untapped treatment options such as novel plant-derived antioxidant compounds that can reduce oxidative stress and prevent neuronal loss. We summarize the current pre-clinical models and clinical work exploring the therapeutic potential of a range of candidate plant-derived antioxidant compounds. Finally, we explore advances in drug delivery systems, particular those employing nanotechnology-based carriers which hold significant promise as a carrier for antioxidants to treat age-related disease, thus reviewing the key current state of all of the aspects required towards translation.
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150
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Zhong M, Li X, Zhao F, Huang Y, Long Y, Chen K, Tian X, Liu M, Ma X. Natural compound library screening identifies Sanguinarine chloride for the treatment of SCLC by upregulating CDKN1A. Transl Oncol 2022; 17:101345. [PMID: 35066462 PMCID: PMC8789530 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is notorious for aggressive malignancy without effective treatment, and most patients eventually develop tumor progression with a poor prognosis. There is an urgent need for discovering novel antitumor agents or therapeutic strategies for SCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a screening method based on CCK-8 assay to screen 640 natural compounds for SCLC. The effects of Sanguinarine chloride on SCLC cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion were determined. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate the anti-SCLC mechanism of Sanguinarine chloride. Publicly available datasets and samples were analyzed to investigate the expression level of CDKN1A and its clinical significance. Loss of functional cancer cell models were constructed by shRNA-mediated silencing. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure gene and protein expression. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to detect the expression of CDKN1A, Ki67, and Cleaved caspase 3 in xenograft tissues. RESULTS We identified Sanguinarine chloride as a potential inhibitor of SCLC, which inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, cell migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis of SCLC cells. Sanguinarine chloride played an important role in anti-SCLC by upregulating the expression of CDKN1A. Furthermore, Sanguinarine chloride in combination with panobinostat, or THZ1, or gemcitabine, or (+)-JQ-1 increased the anti-SCLC effect compared with either agent alone treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identified Sanguinarine chloride as a potential inhibitor of SCLC by upregulating the expression of CDKN1A. Sanguinarine chloride in combination with chemotherapy compounds exhibited strong synergism anti-SCLC properties, which could be further clinically explored for the treatment of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Fengyun Zhao
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanni Huang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yihao Long
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Kaizhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Xuemei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China.
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