101
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Xiang K, Qin Z, Zhang H, Liu X. Energy Metabolism in Exercise-Induced Physiologic Cardiac Hypertrophy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1133. [PMID: 32848751 PMCID: PMC7403221 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiologic hypertrophy of the heart preserves or enhances systolic function without interstitial fibrosis or cell death. As a unique form of physiological stress, regular exercise training can trigger the adaptation of cardiac muscle to cause physiological hypertrophy, partly due to its ability to improve cardiac metabolism. In heart failure (HF), cardiac dysfunction is closely associated with early initiation of maladaptive metabolic remodeling. A large amount of clinical and experimental evidence shows that metabolic homeostasis plays an important role in exercise training, which is conducive to the treatment and recovery of cardiovascular diseases. Potential mechanistic targets for modulation of cardiac metabolism have become a hot topic at present. Thus, exploring the energy metabolism mechanism in exercise-induced physiologic cardiac hypertrophy may produce new therapeutic targets, which will be helpful to design novel effective strategies. In this review, we summarize the changes of myocardial metabolism (fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and mitochondrial adaptation), metabolically-related signaling molecules, and probable regulatory mechanism of energy metabolism during exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefa Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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102
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Snyder J, Zhai R, Lackey AI, Sato PY. Changes in Myocardial Metabolism Preceding Sudden Cardiac Death. Front Physiol 2020; 11:640. [PMID: 32612538 PMCID: PMC7308560 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is widely recognized as a major cause of death worldwide and is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Centuries of research have focused on defining mechanistic alterations that drive cardiac pathogenesis, yet sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a common unpredictable event that claims lives in every age group. The heart supplies blood to all tissues while maintaining a constant electrical and hormonal feedback communication with other parts of the body. As such, recent research has focused on understanding how myocardial electrical and structural properties are altered by cardiac metabolism and the various signaling pathways associated with it. The importance of cardiac metabolism in maintaining myocardial function, or lack thereof, is exemplified by shifts in cardiac substrate preference during normal development and various pathological conditions. For instance, a shift from fatty acid (FA) oxidation to oxygen-sparing glycolytic energy production has been reported in many types of cardiac pathologies. Compounded by an uncoupling of glycolysis and glucose oxidation this leads to accumulation of undesirable levels of intermediate metabolites. The resulting accumulation of intermediary metabolites impacts cardiac mitochondrial function and dysregulates metabolic pathways through several mechanisms, which will be reviewed here. Importantly, reversal of metabolic maladaptation has been shown to elicit positive therapeutic effects, limiting cardiac remodeling and at least partially restoring contractile efficiency. Therein, the underlying metabolic adaptations in an array of pathological conditions as well as recently discovered downstream effects of various substrate utilization provide guidance for future therapeutic targeting. Here, we will review recent data on alterations in substrate utilization in the healthy and diseased heart, metabolic pathways governing cardiac pathogenesis, mitochondrial function in the diseased myocardium, and potential metabolism-based therapeutic interventions in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Snyder
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - R Zhai
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - A I Lackey
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - P Y Sato
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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103
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Yoshida T, Yokobori T, Saito H, Kuriyama K, Kumakura Y, Honjo H, Hara K, Sakai M, Miyazaki T, Obinata H, Erkhem-Ochir B, Gombodorj N, Sohda M, Saeki H, Kuwano H, Shirabe K. CD36 Expression Is Associated with Cancer Aggressiveness and Energy Source in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 28:1217-1227. [PMID: 32529269 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an important cause of cancer-related death worldwide. CD36, a long-chain fatty acid (FA) receptor, can initiate metastasis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and its expression is associated with poor prognosis in several cancers. The clinical significance of CD36 expression and its function in ESCC remain unknown. METHODS We examined the clinical significance of CD36 expression in 160 ESCC samples using immunohistochemical staining. Functional analysis was performed to determine the association between CD36 and ESCC characteristics (proliferative ability, invasive ability, and energy source dependency). RESULTS Thirty (18.8%) ESCC cases showed high CD36 expression, indicating a significant association with progression. CD36 suppression inhibited proliferation and invasiveness in ESCC cells. ESCC cells with CD36 suppression used specific essential amino acids (EAAs) as energy sources. Cell viability depended on FAs under CD36 expression. The viability of ESCC cells with CD36 suppression depended on EAAs but not FAs. CONCLUSIONS CD36 may be a good biomarker and therapeutic target in ESCC. Our data provide new insights into the basic mechanism of CD36-dependent energy utilization for ESCC survival. CD36 might be a key regulator of the dependency of FAs as energy source in ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Yoshida
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of Innovative Cancer Immunotherapy, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan. .,Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kengo Kuriyama
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuji Kumakura
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Honjo
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keigo Hara
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sakai
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyazaki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Navchaa Gombodorj
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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104
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Vazquez MM, Gutierrez MV, Salvatore SR, Puiatti M, Dato VA, Chiabrando GA, Freeman BA, Schopfer FJ, Bonacci G. Nitro-oleic acid, a ligand of CD36, reduces cholesterol accumulation by modulating oxidized-LDL uptake and cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101591. [PMID: 32531545 PMCID: PMC7287307 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in the early stages of atherosclerosis development; they excessively accumulate cholesterol in the cytosol in response to modified Low Density Lipoprotein (mLDL). The mLDL are incorporated through scavenger receptors. CD36 is a high-affinity cell surface scavenger receptor that facilitates the binding and uptake of long-chain fatty acids and mLDL into the cell. Numerous structurally diverse ligands can initiate signaling responses through CD36 to regulate cell metabolism, migration, and angiogenesis. Nitro-fatty acids are endogenous electrophilic lipid mediators that react with and modulate the function of multiple enzymes and transcriptional regulatory proteins. These actions induce the expression of several anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective genes and limit pathologic responses in experimental models of atherosclerosis, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacological and genetic approaches were used to explore the actions of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) on macrophage lipid metabolism. Pure synthetic NO2-OA dose-dependently increased CD36 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages and this up-regulation was abrogated in BMDM from Nrf2-KO mice. Ligand binding analysis revealed that NO2-OA specifically interacts with CD36, thus limiting the binding and uptake of mLDL. Docking analysis shows that NO2-OA establishes a low binding energy interaction with the alpha helix containing Lys164 in CD36. NO2-OA also restored autophagy flux in mLDL-loaded macrophages, thus reversing cholesterol deposition within the cell. In aggregate, these results indicate that NO2-OA reduces cholesterol uptake by binding to CD36 and increases cholesterol efflux by restoring autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias M Vazquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria V Gutierrez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States
| | - Marcelo Puiatti
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, INFIQC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia Actis Dato
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Chiabrando
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States
| | - Gustavo Bonacci
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
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105
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Yvan-Charvet L, Ivanov S. Metabolic Reprogramming of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis: Is It All about Cholesterol? J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:231-242. [PMID: 32821733 PMCID: PMC7379089 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia contributes to the chronic inflammatory response during the progression of atherosclerosis, in part by favoring cholesterol loading in macrophages and other immune cells. However, macrophages encounter a substantial amount of other lipids and nutrients after ingesting atherogenic lipoprotein particles or clearing apoptotic cells, increasing their metabolic load and impacting their behavior during atherosclerosis plaque progression. This review examines whether and how fatty acids and glucose shape the cellular metabolic reprogramming of macrophages in atherosclerosis to modulate the onset phase of inflammation and the later resolution stage, in which the balance is tipped toward tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Stoyan Ivanov
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, Nice, France
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106
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Nutrient mTORC1 signaling contributes to hepatic lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. LIVER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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107
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Verpoorten S, Sfyri P, Scully D, Mitchell R, Tzimou A, Mougios V, Patel K, Matsakas A. Loss of CD36 protects against diet-induced obesity but results in impaired muscle stem cell function, delayed muscle regeneration and hepatic steatosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13395. [PMID: 31599493 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. Since skeletal muscle regenerative capacity is regulated by satellite cells, we aimed to investigate whether a high-fat diet impairs satellite cell function and whether this is linked to fatty acid uptake via CD36. We also aimed to determine whether loss of CD36 impacts on muscle redox homeostasis and skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. METHODS We studied the impact of a high-fat diet and CD36 deficiency on murine skeletal muscle morphology, redox homeostasis, satellite cell function, bioenergetics and lipid accumulation in the liver. We also determined the effect of CD36 deficiency on skeletal muscle regeneration. RESULTS High-fat diet increased body weight, intramuscular lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in wild-type mice that were significantly mitigated in CD36-deficient mice. High-fat diet and CD36 deficiency independently attenuated satellite cell function on single fibres and myogenic capacity on primary satellite cells. CD36 deficiency resulted in delayed skeletal muscle regeneration following acute injury with cardiotoxin. CD36-deficient and wild-type primary satellite cells had distinct bioenergetic profiles in response to palmitate. High-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis in both genotypes that was more pronounced in the CD36-deficient mice. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CD36 deficiency protects against diet-induced obesity, intramuscular lipid deposition and oxidative stress but results in impaired muscle satellite cell function, delayed muscle regeneration and hepatic steatosis. CD36 is a key mediator of fatty acid uptake in skeletal muscle, linking obesity with satellite cell function and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Verpoorten
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - David Scully
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Anastasia Tzimou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Vassilis Mougios
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
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108
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Arakawa M, Wagatsuma A. 1α, 25(OH) 2D 3 regulates agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering through upregulation of rapsyn expression in C2C12 myotubes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30293-X. [PMID: 32081417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α, 25(OH)2D3], referred to as 1,25D) has been suggested to play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. However, the mechanisms through which 1,25D functions in this tissue remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D signaling regulates neuromuscular maintenance and improves locomotion in mice. In the present study, we examined the effects of 1,25D on neuromuscular synaptogenesis by measuring clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in C2C12 myotubes. 1,25D treatment enhanced the agrin-induced AChR clustering in myotubes compared to treatment with agrin alone. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) decreased the agrin-induced AChR clustering. 1,25D increased the expression of rapsyn, which is necessary for AChR clustering, while demonstrating no effect on other neuromuscular junction-related genes. In addition, rapsyn expression was dependent on 1,25D-VDR signaling. These results suggest that 1,25D-VDR signaling may regulate rapsin expression, resulting in the up-regulation of agrin-induced AChR clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Arakawa
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry, 5-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Akira Wagatsuma
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Tokyo Woman's Christian University, 2-6-1 Zempukuji, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, 167-8585, Japan.
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109
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Zhao Y, Tran M, Wang L, Shin DJ, Wu J. PDK4-Deficiency Reprograms Intrahepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism to Facilitate Liver Regeneration in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:504-517. [PMID: 32258946 PMCID: PMC7109344 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration requires intrahepatic and extrahepatic metabolic reprogramming to meet the high hepatic bioenergy demand for liver cell repopulation. This study aims to elucidate how pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a critical regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, coordinates metabolic regulation with efficient liver growth. We found that hepatic Pdk4 expression was elevated after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PHx). In Pdk4 -/- PHx mice, the liver/body weight ratio was more rapidly restored, accompanied by more aggressive hepatic DNA replication; however, Pdk4 -/- mice developed more severe hypoglycemia. In Pdk4 -/- PHx livers, the pro-regenerative insulin signaling was potentiated, as demonstrated by early peaking of the phosphorylation of insulin receptor, more remarkable induction of the insulin receptor substrate proteins, IRS1 and IRS2, and more striking activation of Akt. The hepatic up-regulation of CD36 contributed to the enhanced transient regeneration-associated steatosis in Pdk4 -/- PHx mice. Notably, CD36 overexpression in mice promoted the recovery of liver/body weight ratio and elevated intrahepatic adenosine triphosphate after PHx. CD36 expression was transcriptionally suppressed by FOXO1 (forkhead box protein O1), which was stabilized and translocated to the nucleus following AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) activation. PHx remarkably induced AMPK activation, which became incompetent to respond in Pdk4 -/- livers. Moreover, we defined that PDK4-regulated AMPK activation directly depended on intracellular adenosine monophosphate in vitro and in regenerative livers. Conclusion: PDK4 inhibition reprograms glucose and lipid metabolism to promote liver regeneration by enhancing hepatic insulin/Akt signaling and activating an AMPK/FOXO1/CD36 regulatory axis of lipid. These findings may lead to potential therapeutic strategies to prevent hepatic insufficiency and liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University New Haven CT
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
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110
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Zhu B, Li MY, Lin Q, Liang Z, Xin Q, Wang M, He Z, Wang X, Wu X, Chen GG, Tong PCY, Zhang W, Liu LZ. Lipid oversupply induces CD36 sarcolemmal translocation via dual modulation of PKCζ and TBC1D1: an early event prior to insulin resistance. Theranostics 2020; 10:1332-1354. [PMID: 31938068 PMCID: PMC6956797 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oversupply may induce CD36 sarcolemmal translocation to facilitate fatty acid transport, which in turn causes dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms of CD36 redistribution are still yet to be unraveled. Methods: High fat diet fed mice and palmitate/oleic acid-treated L6 cells were used to investigate the initial events of subcellular CD36 recycling prior to insulin resistance. The regulation of CD36 sarcolemmal translocation by lipid oversupply was assessed by insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glucose/fatty acid uptake assay, surface CD36 and GLUT4 detection, and ELISA assays. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, specific gene knockout, gene overexpression and/or gene inhibition were employed, followed by Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, immunostaining, and kinase activity assay. Results: Upon lipid/fatty acid overload, PKCζ activity and TBC1D1 phosphorylation were enhanced along with increased sarcolemmal CD36. The inhibition of PKCζ or TBC1D1 was shown to block fatty acid-induced CD36 translocation and was synergistic in impairing CD36 redistribution. Mechanically, we revealed that AMPK was located upstream of PKCζ to control its activity whereas Rac1 facilitated PKCζ translocation to the dorsal surface of the cell to cause actin remodeling. Furthermore, AMPK phosphorylated TBC1D1 to release retained cytosolic CD36. The activated PKCζ and phosphorylated TBC1D1 resulted in a positive feedback regulation of CD36 sarcolemmal translocation. Conclusion: Collectively, our study demonstrated exclusively that lipid oversupply induced CD36 sarcolemmal translocation via dual modulation of PKCζ and TBC1D1, which was as an early event prior to insulin resistance. The acquired data may provide potential therapy targets to prevent lipid oversupply-induced insulin resistance.
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111
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Sun Y, Zhou S, Guo H, Zhang J, Ma T, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Cai L. Protective effects of sulforaphane on type 2 diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy via AMPK-mediated activation of lipid metabolic pathways and NRF2 function. Metabolism 2020; 102:154002. [PMID: 31706979 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.154002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), particularly AMPKα2 isoform, plays a critical role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis. It was reported that sulforaphane (SFN) prevented type 2 diabetes (T2D)-induced cardiomyopathy accompanied by the activation of AMPK; In this study, AMPK's pivotal role in SFN-mediated prevention against T2D-induced cardiomyopathy was tested using global deletion of AMPKα2 gene (AMPKα2-KO) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS T2D was established by feeding 3-month high-fat diet (HFD) to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce mild hyperglycemia in both AMPKα2-KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Then both T2D and control mice were subsequently treated with or without SFN for 3 months while continually feeding HFD or normal diet. Upon completion of the 3-month treatment, five mice from each group were sacrificed as a 3-month time-point (3 M). The rest continued normal diet or HFD until terminating study at the sixth month (6 M) of diabetes. Cardiac function was examined with echocardiography before sacrifice at both 3 M and 6 M. SFN prevented T2D-induced progression of cardiac dysfunction, remodeling (hypertrophy and fibrosis), inflammation, and oxidative damage in wild-type diabetic mice, but not in AMPKα2-KO mice. Mechanistically, SFN prevented T2D-induced cardiomyopathy not only by improving AMPK-mediated lipid metabolic pathways, but also enhancing NRF2 activation via AMPK/AKT/GSK3β pathway. However, these improving effects of SFN were abolished in AMPKα2-KO diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS AMPK is indispensable for the SFN-induced prevention of cardiomyopathy in T2D, and the activation of NRF2 by SFN is mediated by AMPK/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Immunology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA
| | - Tianjiao Ma
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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112
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Bou Khzam L, Son NH, Mullick AE, Abumrad NA, Goldberg IJ. Endothelial cell CD36 deficiency prevents normal angiogenesis and vascular repair. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7737-7761. [PMID: 33437358 PMCID: PMC7791529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) maintain vascular integrity and mediate vascular repair and angiogenesis, by which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing blood vessels. Hyperglycemia has been shown to increase EC angiogenic potential. However, few studies have investigated effects of fatty acids (FAs) on EC angiogenesis. Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a FA transporter expressed by ECs, but its role in EC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis is unknown. We sought to determine if circulating FAs regulate angiogenic function in a CD36-dependent manner. CD36-dependent effects of FAs on EC proliferation and migration of mouse heart ECs (MHECs) and lung ECs (MLECs) were studied. We used both silencing RNA and antisense oligonucleotides to reduce CD36 expression. Oleic acid (OA) did not affect EC proliferation, but significantly increased migration of ECs in wound healing experiments. CD36 knockdown prevented OA-induced increases in wound healing potential. In EC transwell migration experiments, OA increased recruitment and migration of ECs, an effect abolished by CD36 knockdown. Phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) increased in MHECs exposed to OA in a CD36-dependent manner. To test whether in vivo CD36 affects angiogenesis, we studied 21-day recovery in post-hindlimb ischemia. EC-specific CD36 knockout mice had reduced blood flow recovery as assessed by laser Doppler imaging. EC content in post-ischemic muscle, assessed from CD31 expression, increased in ischemic muscle of control mice. However, mice with EC-specific CD36 deletion lacked the increase in CD31 and matrix metalloprotease 9 expression observed in controls. EC expression of CD36 and its function in FA uptake modulate angiogenic function and response to ischemia, likely due to reduced activation of the AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bou Khzam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Health New York, NY, USA
| | - Ni-Huiping Son
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Health New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Nada A Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Health New York, NY, USA
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113
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Koundouros N, Poulogiannis G. Reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:4-22. [PMID: 31819192 PMCID: PMC6964678 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 791] [Impact Index Per Article: 197.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A common feature of cancer cells is their ability to rewire their metabolism to sustain the production of ATP and macromolecules needed for cell growth, division and survival. In particular, the importance of altered fatty acid metabolism in cancer has received renewed interest as, aside their principal role as structural components of the membrane matrix, they are important secondary messengers, and can also serve as fuel sources for energy production. In this review, we will examine the mechanisms through which cancer cells rewire their fatty acid metabolism with a focus on four main areas of research. (1) The role of de novo synthesis and exogenous uptake in the cellular pool of fatty acids. (2) The mechanisms through which molecular heterogeneity and oncogenic signal transduction pathways, such as PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling, regulate fatty acid metabolism. (3) The role of fatty acids as essential mediators of cancer progression and metastasis, through remodelling of the tumour microenvironment. (4) Therapeutic strategies and considerations for successfully targeting fatty acid metabolism in cancer. Further research focusing on the complex interplay between oncogenic signalling and dysregulated fatty acid metabolism holds great promise to uncover novel metabolic vulnerabilities and improve the efficacy of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Koundouros
- Signalling and Cancer Metabolism Team, Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - George Poulogiannis
- Signalling and Cancer Metabolism Team, Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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114
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Thorp
- From the Department of Pathology & Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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115
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Li H, Fan J, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Dai B, Zhan J, Yin Z, Nie X, Fu XD, Chen C, Wang DW. Nuclear miR-320 Mediates Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction by Activating Transcription of Fatty Acid Metabolic Genes to Cause Lipotoxicity in the Heart. Circ Res 2019; 125:1106-1120. [PMID: 31638474 PMCID: PMC6903355 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.314898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Diabetes mellitus is often associated with cardiovascular complications, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus, but little is known about the mechanism that connects diabetes mellitus to the development of cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Li
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Jiahui Fan
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Yanru Zhao
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (X.Z.)
| | - Beibei Dai
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Jiabing Zhan
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xiang Nie
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego (X.-D.F.)
| | - Chen Chen
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., Z.Y., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (H.L., J.F., Y.Z., B.D., J.Z., X.N., C.C., D.W.W.)
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116
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Goldberg IJ, Reue K, Abumrad NA, Bickel PE, Cohen S, Fisher EA, Galis ZS, Granneman JG, Lewandowski ED, Murphy R, Olive M, Schaffer JE, Schwartz-Longacre L, Shulman GI, Walther TC, Chen J. Deciphering the Role of Lipid Droplets in Cardiovascular Disease: A Report From the 2017 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop. Circulation 2019; 138:305-315. [PMID: 30012703 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.033704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are distinct and dynamic organelles that affect the health of cells and organs. Much progress has been made in understanding how these structures are formed, how they interact with other cellular organelles, how they are used for storage of triacylglycerol in adipose tissue, and how they regulate lipolysis. Our understanding of the biology of LDs in the heart and vascular tissue is relatively primitive in comparison with LDs in adipose tissue and liver. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a working group to discuss how LDs affect cardiovascular diseases. The goal of the working group was to examine the current state of knowledge on the cell biology of LDs, including current methods to study them in cells and organs and reflect on how LDs influence the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes the working group discussion and recommendations on research areas ripe for future investigation that will likely improve our understanding of atherosclerosis and heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Reue
- University of California, Los Angeles (K.R.)
| | | | - Perry E Bickel
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (P.E.B.)
| | - Sarah Cohen
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (S.C.)
| | | | - Zorina S Galis
- National Institutes of Health/National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (Z.S.G., M.O., L.S.-L., J.C.)
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Olive
- National Institutes of Health/National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (Z.S.G., M.O., L.S.-L., J.C.)
| | | | - Lisa Schwartz-Longacre
- National Institutes of Health/National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (Z.S.G., M.O., L.S.-L., J.C.)
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Yale University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT (G.I.S.)
| | - Tobias C Walther
- Harvard University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA (T.C.W.)
| | - Jue Chen
- National Institutes of Health/National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (Z.S.G., M.O., L.S.-L., J.C.).
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117
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Rogg EM, Abplanalp WT, Bischof C, John D, Schulz MH, Krishnan J, Fischer A, Poluzzi C, Schaefer L, Bonauer A, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S. Analysis of Cell Type-Specific Effects of MicroRNA-92a Provides Novel Insights Into Target Regulation and Mechanism of Action. Circulation 2019; 138:2545-2558. [PMID: 30571345 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.034598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate nearly all biological pathways. Because the dysregulation of miRs can lead to disease progression, they are being explored as novel therapeutic targets. However, the cell type-specific effects of miRs in the heart are poorly understood. Thus, we assessed miR target regulation using miR-92a-3p as an example. Inhibition of miR-92a is known to improve endothelial cell function and recovery after acute myocardial infarction. METHODS miR-92a-3p was inhibited by locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antimiR (LNA-92a) in mice after myocardial infarction. Expression of regulated genes was evaluated 3 days after myocardial infarction by RNA sequencing of isolated endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and CD45+ hematopoietic cells. RESULTS LNA-92a depleted miR-92a-3p expression in all cell types and derepressed predicted miR-92a-3p targets in a cell type-specific manner. RNAseq showed endothelial cell-specific regulation of autophagy-related genes. Imaging confirmed increased endothelial cell autophagy in LNA-92a treated relative to control animals. In vitro inhibition of miR-92a-3p augmented EC autophagy, derepressed autophagy-related gene 4a, and increased luciferase activity in autophagy-related gene 4a 3'UTR containing reporters, whereas miR-92a-3p overexpression had the opposite effect. In cardiomyocytes, LNA-92a derepressed metabolism-related genes, notably, the high-density lipoprotein transporter Abca8b. LNA-92a further increased fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that miRs have cell type-specific effects in vivo. Analysis of miR targets in cell subsets disclosed a novel function of miR-92a-3p in endothelial cell autophagy and cardiomyocyte metabolism. Because autophagy is upregulated during ischemia to supply nutrients and cardiomyocyte metabolic-switching improves available substrate utilization, these prosurvival mechanisms may diminish tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Rogg
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
| | - Wesley T Abplanalp
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
| | - Corinne Bischof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.)
| | - David John
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.)
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
| | - Jaya Krishnan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.)
| | - Ariane Fischer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.)
| | - Chiara Poluzzi
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der JW Goethe-Universität, Germany (C.P., L.S.)
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der JW Goethe-Universität, Germany (C.P., L.S.)
| | - Angelika Bonauer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (E.-M.R., W.T.A., C.B., D.J., M.H.S., J.K., A.F., A.B., S.D.).,German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain (E.-M.R., W.T.A., M.H.S., A.B., A.M.Z., S.D.)
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118
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Lipid Metabolism and Endocrine Resistance in Prostate Cancer, and New Opportunities for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112626. [PMID: 31142021 PMCID: PMC6600138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men, and more than 10% of men will be diagnosed with PCa during their lifetime. Patients that are not cured with surgery or radiation are largely treated with endocrine therapies that target androgens or the androgen receptor (AR), a major driver of PCa. In response to androgen deprivation, most PCas progress to castrate resistant PCa, which is treated with anti-androgens like enzalutamide, but tumors still progress and become incurable. Thus, there is a critical need to identify cellular pathways that allow tumors to escape anti-androgen therapies. Epidemiological studies suggest that high-fat diets play important roles in PCa progression. Lipid metabolism rewires the PCa metabolome to support growth and resistance to endocrine therapies, although the exact mechanisms remain obscure. Therapeutic effects have been observed inhibiting several aspects of PCa lipid metabolism: Synthesis, uptake, and oxidation. Since AR remains a driver of PCa in advanced disease, strategies targeting both lipid metabolism and AR are starting to emerge, providing new opportunities to re-sensitize tumors to endocrine therapies with lipid metabolic approaches.
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119
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Salminen A, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. AMPK activation inhibits the functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC): impact on cancer and aging. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1049-1064. [PMID: 31129755 PMCID: PMC6647228 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a crucial role not only in the regulation of tissue energy metabolism but it can also control immune responses through its cooperation with immune signaling pathways, thus affecting immunometabolism and the functions of immune cells. It is known that AMPK signaling inhibits the activity of the NF-κB system and thus suppresses pro-inflammatory responses. Interestingly, AMPK activation can inhibit several major immune signaling pathways, e.g., the JAK-STAT, NF-κB, C/EBPβ, CHOP, and HIF-1α pathways, which induce the expansion and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). MDSCs induce an immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors and thus allow the escape of tumor cells from immune surveillance. Chronic inflammation has a key role in the expansion and activation of MDSCs in both tumors and inflammatory disorders. The numbers of MDSCs also significantly increase during the aging process concurrently with the immunosenescence associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Increased fatty acid oxidation and lactate produced by aerobic glycolysis are important immunometabolic enhancers of MDSC functions. However, it seems that AMPK signaling regulates the functions of MDSCs in a context-dependent manner. Currently, the activators of AMPK signaling are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy and possibly for the extension of healthspan and lifespan. We will describe in detail the AMPK-mediated regulation of the signaling pathways controlling the expansion and activation of immunosuppressive MDSCs. We will propose that the beneficial effects mediated by AMPK activation, e.g., in cancers and the aging process, could be induced by the inhibition of MDSC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland
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120
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Gentillon C, Li D, Duan M, Yu WM, Preininger MK, Jha R, Rampoldi A, Saraf A, Gibson GC, Qu CK, Brown LA, Xu C. Targeting HIF-1α in combination with PPARα activation and postnatal factors promotes the metabolic maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:120-135. [PMID: 31082397 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immature phenotypes of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) limit the utility of these cells in clinical application and basic research. During cardiac development, postnatal cardiomyocytes experience high oxygen tension along with a concomitant downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), leading to increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We hypothesized that targeting HIF-1α alone or in combination with other metabolic regulators could promote the metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs. We examined the effect of HIF-1α inhibition on the maturation of hiPSC-CMs and investigated a multipronged approach to promote hiPSC-CM maturation by combining HIF-1α inhibition with molecules that target key pathways involved in the energy metabolism. Cardiac spheres of highly-enriched hiPSC-CMs were treated with a HIF-1α inhibitor alone or in combination with an agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) and three postnatal factors (triiodothyronine hormone T3, insulin-like growth factor-1 and dexamethasone). HIF-1α inhibition significantly increased FAO and basal and maximal respiration of hiPSC-CMs. Combining HIF-1α inhibition with PPARα activation and the postnatal factors further increased FAO and improved mitochondrial maturation in hiPSC-CMs. Compared with mock-treated cultures, the cultures treated with the five factors had increased mitochondrial content and contained more cells with mitochondrial distribution throughout the cells, which are features of more mature cardiomyocytes. Consistent with these observations, a number of transcriptional regulators of mitochondrial metabolic processes were upregulated in hiPSC-CMs treated with the five factors. Furthermore, these cells had significantly increased Ca2+ transient kinetics and contraction and relaxation velocities, which are functional features for more mature cardiomyocytes. Therefore, targeting HIF-1α in combination with other metabolic regulators significantly improves the metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinsley Gentillon
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Meixue Duan
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wen-Mei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marcela K Preininger
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajneesh Jha
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Antonio Rampoldi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anita Saraf
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory C Gibson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cheng-Kui Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lou Ann Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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121
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Li Y, Yang P, Zhao L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zeng S, Wei L, Varghese Z, Moorhead JF, Chen Y, Ruan XZ. CD36 plays a negative role in the regulation of lipophagy in hepatocytes through an AMPK-dependent pathway. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:844-855. [PMID: 30662007 PMCID: PMC6446711 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m090969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid translocase cluster of differentiation (CD36) is a multifunctional membrane protein that facilitates the uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Lipophagy is autophagic degradation of lipid droplets. Accumulating evidence suggests that CD36 is involved in the regulation of intracellular signal transduction that modulates fatty acid storage or usage. However, little is known about the relationship between CD36 and lipophagy. In this study, we found that increased CD36 expression was coupled with decreased autophagy in the livers of mice treated with a high-fat diet. Overexpressing CD36 in HepG2 and Huh7 cells inhibited autophagy, while knocking down CD36 expression induced autophagy due to the increased autophagosome formation in autophagic flux. Meanwhile, knockout of CD36 in mice increased autophagy, while the reconstruction of CD36 expression in CD36-knockout mice reduced autophagy. CD36 knockdown in HepG2 cells increased lipophagy and β-oxidation, which contributed to improving lipid accumulation. In addition, CD36 expression regulated autophagy through the AMPK pathway, with phosphorylation of ULK1/Beclin1 also involved in the process. These findings suggest that CD36 is a negative regulator of autophagy, and the induction of lipophagy by ameliorating CD36 expression can be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of fatty liver diseases through attenuating lipid overaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Shu Zeng
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wei
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Zac Varghese
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - John F Moorhead
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China; John Moorhead Research Laboratory Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
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Thoudam T, Ha CM, Leem J, Chanda D, Park JS, Kim HJ, Jeon JH, Choi YK, Liangpunsakul S, Huh YH, Kwon TH, Park KG, Harris RA, Park KS, Rhee HW, Lee IK. PDK4 Augments ER-Mitochondria Contact to Dampen Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling During Obesity. Diabetes 2019; 68:571-586. [PMID: 30523025 PMCID: PMC6385748 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) is a structural link between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). MAM regulates Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria via an IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex-dependent mechanism. Excessive MAM formation may cause mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the exact implication of MAM formation in metabolic syndromes remains debatable. Here, we demonstrate that PDK4 interacts with and stabilizes the IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex at the MAM interface. Obesity-induced increase in PDK4 activity augments MAM formation and suppresses insulin signaling. Conversely, PDK4 inhibition dampens MAM formation and improves insulin signaling by preventing MAM-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ER stress. Furthermore, Pdk4-/- mice exhibit reduced MAM formation and are protected against diet-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Finally, forced formation and stabilization of MAMs with synthetic ER-mitochondria linker prevented the beneficial effects of PDK4 deficiency on insulin signaling. Overall, our findings demonstrate a critical mediatory role of PDK4 in the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance via enhancement of MAM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis Thoudam
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Kim
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Ontawong A, Boonphang O, Pasachan T, Duangjai A, Pongchaidecha A, Phatsara M, Jinakote M, Amornlerdpison D, Srimaroeng C. Hepatoprotective effect of coffee pulp aqueous extract combined with simvastatin against hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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124
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Samovski D, Abumrad NA. Regulation of lipophagy in NAFLD by cellular metabolism and CD36. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:755-757. [PMID: 30819696 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.c093674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108
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125
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Tuo L, Xiang J, Pan X, Hu J, Tang H, Liang L, Xia J, Hu Y, Zhang W, Huang A, Wang K, Tang N. PCK1 negatively regulates cell cycle progression and hepatoma cell proliferation via the AMPK/p27 Kip1 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:50. [PMID: 30717766 PMCID: PMC6360696 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Altered glucose metabolism endows tumor cells with metabolic flexibility for biosynthesis requirements. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway, is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and predicts poor prognosis. Overexpression of PCK1 has been shown to suppress liver tumor growth, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods mRNA and protein expression patterns of PCK1, AMPK, pAMPK, and the CDK/Rb/E2F pathway were determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Cell proliferation ability and cell cycle were assessed by MTS assay and flow cytometric analysis. The effect of PCK1 on tumor growth was examined in xenograft implantation models. Results Both gain and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that PCK1 deficiency promotes hepatoma cell proliferation through inactivation of AMPK, suppression of p27Kip1 expression, and stimulation of the CDK/Rb/E2F pathway, thereby accelerating cell cycle transition from the G1 to S phase under glucose-starved conditions. Overexpression of PCK1 reduced cellular ATP levels and enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and p27Kip1 expression but decreased Rb phosphorylation, leading to cell cycle arrest at G1. AMPK knockdown significantly reversed G1-phase arrest and growth inhibition of PCK1-expressing SK-Hep1 cells. In addition, the AMPK activator metformin remarkably suppressed the growth of PCK1-knockout PLC/PRF/5 cells and inhibited tumor growth in an orthotropic HCC mouse model. Conclusion This study revealed that PCK1 negatively regulates cell cycle progression and hepatoma cell proliferation via the AMPK/p27Kip1 axis and supports a potential therapeutic and protective effect of metformin on HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1029-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Son NH, Basu D, Samovski D, Pietka TA, Peche VS, Willecke F, Fang X, Yu SQ, Scerbo D, Chang HR, Sun F, Bagdasarov S, Drosatos K, Yeh ST, Mullick AE, Shoghi KI, Gumaste N, Kim K, Huggins LA, Lhakhang T, Abumrad NA, Goldberg IJ. Endothelial cell CD36 optimizes tissue fatty acid uptake. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4329-4342. [PMID: 30047927 PMCID: PMC6159965 DOI: 10.1172/jci99315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement of circulating fatty acids (FAs) to parenchymal cells requires their transfer across the endothelial cell (EC) barrier. The multiligand receptor cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) facilitates tissue FA uptake and is expressed in ECs and parenchymal cells such as myocytes and adipocytes. Whether tissue uptake of FAs is dependent on EC or parenchymal cell CD36, or both, is unknown. Using a cell-specific deletion approach, we show that EC, but not parenchymal cell, CD36 deletion increased fasting plasma FAs and postprandial triglycerides. EC-Cd36-KO mice had reduced uptake of radiolabeled long-chain FAs into heart, skeletal muscle, and brown adipose tissue; these uptake studies were replicated using [11C]palmitate PET scans. High-fat diet-fed EC-CD36-deficient mice had improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Both EC and cardiomyocyte (CM) deletion of CD36 reduced heart lipid droplet accumulation after fasting, but CM deletion did not affect heart glucose or FA uptake. Expression in the heart of several genes modulating glucose metabolism and insulin action increased with EC-CD36 deletion but decreased with CM deletion. In conclusion, EC CD36 acts as a gatekeeper for parenchymal cell FA uptake, with important downstream effects on glucose utilization and insulin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Huiping Son
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Debapriya Basu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Terri A. Pietka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Vivek S. Peche
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Florian Willecke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiang Fang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shui-Qing Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Diego Scerbo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hye Rim Chang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Svetlana Bagdasarov
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steve T. Yeh
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | | | - Kooresh I. Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Namrata Gumaste
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - KyeongJin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lesley-Ann Huggins
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tenzin Lhakhang
- NYU Genome Technology Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nada A. Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Mani K, Javaheri A, Diwan A. Lysosomes Mediate Benefits of Intermittent Fasting in Cardiometabolic Disease: The Janitor Is the Undercover Boss. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:1639-1667. [PMID: 30215867 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive responses that counter starvation have evolved over millennia to permit organismal survival, including changes at the level of individual organelles, cells, tissues, and organ systems. In the past century, a shift has occurred away from disease caused by insufficient nutrient supply toward overnutrition, leading to obesity and diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease. The burden of these diseases has spurred interest in fasting strategies that harness physiological responses to starvation, thus limiting tissue injury during metabolic stress. Insights gained from animal and human studies suggest that intermittent fasting and chronic caloric restriction extend lifespan, decrease risk factors for cardiometabolic and inflammatory disease, limit tissue injury during myocardial stress, and activate a cardioprotective metabolic program. Acute fasting activates autophagy, an intricately orchestrated lysosomal degradative process that sequesters cellular constituents for degradation, and is critical for cardiac homeostasis during fasting. Lysosomes are dynamic cellular organelles that function as incinerators to permit autophagy, as well as degradation of extracellular material internalized by endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis. The last decade has witnessed an explosion of knowledge that has shaped our understanding of lysosomes as central regulators of cellular metabolism and the fasting response. Intriguingly, lysosomes also store nutrients for release during starvation; and function as a nutrient sensing organelle to couple activation of mammalian target of rapamycin to nutrient availability. This article reviews the evidence for how the lysosome, in the guise of a janitor, may be the "undercover boss" directing cellular processes for beneficial effects of intermittent fasting and restoring homeostasis during feast and famine. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1639-1667, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Mani
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of Cardiology in Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of Cardiology in Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Division of Cardiology in Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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129
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CD36 palmitoylation disrupts free fatty acid metabolism and promotes tissue inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2018; 69:705-717. [PMID: 29705240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Fatty acid translocase CD36 (CD36) is a membrane protein with multiple immuno-metabolic functions. Palmitoylation has been suggested to regulate the distribution and functions of CD36, but little is known about its significance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS Human liver tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing liver biopsy for diagnostic purposes. CD36 knockout mice were injected with lentiviral vectors expressing wild-type CD36 or CD36 with mutated palmitoylation sites. Liver histology, immunofluorescence, mRNA expression profile, subcellular distributions and functions of CD36 protein were assessed. RESULTS The localization of CD36 on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes was markedly increased in patients with NASH compared to patients with normal liver and those with simple steatosis. Increased CD36 palmitoylation and increased localization of CD36 on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes were also observed in livers of mice with NASH. Furthermore, inhibition of CD36 palmitoylation protected mice from developing NASH. The absence of palmitoylation decreased CD36 protein hydrophobicity reducing its localization on the plasma membrane as well as in lipid raft of hepatocytes. Consequently, a lack of palmitoylation decreased fatty acid uptake and CD36/Fyn/Lyn complex in HepG2 cells. Inhibition of CD36 palmitoylation not only ameliorated intracellular lipid accumulation via activation of the AMPK pathway, but also inhibited the inflammatory response through the inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the key role of palmitoylation in regulating CD36 distributions and its functions in NASH. Inhibition of CD36 palmitoylation may represent an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with NASH. LAY SUMMARY Fatty acid translocase CD36 (CD36) is a multifunctional membrane protein which contributes to the development of liver steatosis. In the present study, we demonstrated that the localization of CD36 on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes is increased in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Blocking the palmitoylation of CD36 reduces CD36 distribution in hepatocyte plasma membranes and protects mice from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The inhibition of CD36 palmitoylation not only improved fatty acid metabolic disorders but also reduced the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. The present study suggests that CD36 palmitoylation is important for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis development and inhibition of CD36 palmitoylation could be used to cure non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Samovski D, Dhule P, Pietka T, Jacome-Sosa M, Penrose E, Son NH, Flynn CR, Shoghi KI, Hyrc KL, Goldberg IJ, Gamazon ER, Abumrad NA. Regulation of Insulin Receptor Pathway and Glucose Metabolism by CD36 Signaling. Diabetes 2018; 67:1272-1284. [PMID: 29748289 PMCID: PMC6014550 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During reduced energy intake, skeletal muscle maintains homeostasis by rapidly suppressing insulin-stimulated glucose utilization. Loss of this adaptation is observed with deficiency of the fatty acid transporter CD36. A similar loss is also characteristic of the insulin-resistant state where CD36 is dysfunctional. To elucidate what links CD36 to muscle glucose utilization, we examined whether CD36 signaling might influence insulin action. First, we show that CD36 deletion specific to skeletal muscle reduces expression of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism genes. It decreases muscle ceramides but impairs glucose disposal during a meal. Second, depletion of CD36 suppresses insulin signaling in primary-derived human myotubes, and the mechanism is shown to involve functional CD36 interaction with the insulin receptor (IR). CD36 promotes tyrosine phosphorylation of IR by the Fyn kinase and enhances IR recruitment of P85 and downstream signaling. Third, pretreatment for 15 min with saturated fatty acids suppresses CD36-Fyn enhancement of IR phosphorylation, whereas unsaturated fatty acids are neutral or stimulatory. These findings define mechanisms important for muscle glucose metabolism and optimal insulin responsiveness. Potential human relevance is suggested by genome-wide analysis and RNA sequencing data that associate genetically determined low muscle CD36 expression to incidence of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Samovski
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Pallavi Dhule
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Terri Pietka
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eric Penrose
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ni-Huiping Son
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Krzysztof L Hyrc
- Alafi Neuroimaging Laboratory, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Niu B, He K, Li P, Gong J, Zhu X, Ye S, Ou Z, Ren G. SIRT1 upregulation protects against liver injury induced by a HFD through inhibiting CD36 and the NF‑κB pathway in mouse kupffer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1609-1615. [PMID: 29845302 PMCID: PMC6072223 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, and a critical regulator in various metabolic processes, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to investigate whether activating SIRT1 could modulate the CD36 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways to protect against liver injury induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. A mouse NAFLD model was established by administration of a HFD for 8 weeks. During the last 4 weeks, SRT1720, a specific SIRT1 activator, was added daily to the HFD feed. The hepatic morphological structure was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the ultrastructures in the liver tissue were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Protein expression of SIRT1, CD36 and P65 in liver tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Kupffer cells (KCs) from the livers of the mouse models were isolated to determine the mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1, CD36 and P65. SIRT1 activation attenuated the HFD-induced liver injury and significantly reduced the body weight and the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. We observed an increased expression of SIRT1 in the liver tissues from the HFD+SRT1720 group compared with the HFD group. Simultaneously, the expression of CD36 and P65 in the liver tissues was downregulated in the HFD+SRT1720 group. The mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1 was elevated in the HFD+SRT1720 group, whereas the mRNA and protein expression of CD36 and P65 in KCs was significantly decreased in the HFD+SRT1720 group. The present study demonstrated that SIRT1 activation attenuated HFD-induced liver steatosis and inflammation by inhibiting CD36 expression and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailin Niu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kun He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Peizhi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Shangmin Ye
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhibing Ou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Yu Y, Mendoza TM, Ribnicky DM, Poulev A, Noland RC, Mynatt RL, Raskin I, Cefalu WT, Floyd ZE. An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity-Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700856. [PMID: 29476602 PMCID: PMC5929974 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The primary disorder underlying metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance due to excess body weight and abdominal visceral fat accumulation. In this study, it is asked if dietary intake of an ethanolic extract from Russian tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI5011), shown to improve glucose utilization by enhancing insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, could prevent obesity-induced insulin resistance, skeletal muscle metabolic inflexibility, and ectopic lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver. METHODS AND RESULTS Male wild-type mice are fed a high-fat diet alone or supplemented with PMI5011 (1% w/w) over 3 months. Dietary intake of PMI5011 improved fatty acid oxidation and metabolic flexibility in the skeletal muscle, reduced insulin levels, and enhanced insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle and liver independent of robust changes in expression of factors that control fatty acid oxidation. This corresponds with significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver, although body weight gain is comparable to a high-fat diet alone. CONCLUSION Previous studies showed that PMI5011 enhances insulin sensitivity in the setting of established obesity-induced insulin resistance. The current study demonstrates that dietary intake of PMI5011 prevents high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, and ectopic lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver without reducing body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Yu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | | | - David M Ribnicky
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Alexander Poulev
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | | | - Ilya Raskin
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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133
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Adipocyte-induced CD36 expression drives ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene 2018; 37:2285-2301. [PMID: 29398710 PMCID: PMC5920730 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is characterized by widespread and rapid metastasis in the peritoneal cavity. Visceral adipocytes promote this process by providing fatty acids (FAs) for tumour growth. However, the exact mechanism of FA transfer from adipocytes to cancer cells remains unknown. This study shows that OvCa cells co-cultured with primary human omental adipocytes express high levels of the FA receptor, CD36, in the plasma membrane, thereby facilitating exogenous FA uptake. Depriving OvCa cells of adipocyte-derived FAs using CD36 inhibitors and short hairpin RNA knockdown prevented development of the adipocyte-induced malignant phenotype. Specifically, inhibition of CD36 attenuated adipocyte-induced cholesterol and lipid droplet accumulation and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Metabolic analysis suggested that CD36 plays an essential role in the bioenergetic adaptation of OvCa cells in the adipocyte-rich microenvironment and governs their metabolic plasticity. Furthermore, the absence of CD36 affected cellular processes that play a causal role in peritoneal dissemination, including adhesion, invasion, migration and anchorage independent growth. Intraperitoneal injection of CD36-deficient cells or treatment with an anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody reduced tumour burden in mouse xenografts. Moreover, a matched cohort of primary and metastatic human ovarian tumours showed upregulation of CD36 in the metastatic tissues, a finding confirmed in three public gene expression data sets. These results suggest that omental adipocytes reprogram tumour metabolism through the upregulation of CD36 in OvCa cells. Targeting the stromal-tumour metabolic interface via CD36 inhibition may prove to be an effective treatment strategy against OvCa metastasis.
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134
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Dietary soya protein improves intra-myocardial lipid deposition and altered glucose metabolism in a hypertensive, dyslipidaemic, insulin-resistant rat model. Br J Nutr 2017; 119:131-142. [PMID: 29268800 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451700321x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of replacing dietary casein by soya protein on the underlying mechanisms involved in the impaired metabolic fate of glucose and lipid metabolisms in the heart of dyslipidaemic rats chronically fed (8 months) a sucrose-rich (62·5 %) diet (SRD). To test this hypothesis, Wistar rats were fed an SRD for 4 months. From months 4 to 8, half the animals continued with the SRD and the other half were fed an SRD in which casein was substituted by soya. The control group received a diet with maize starch as the carbohydrate source. Compared with the SRD-fed group, the following results were obtained. First, soya protein significantly (P<0·001) reduced the plasma NEFA levels and normalised dyslipidaemia and glucose homoeostasis, improving insulin resistance. The protein levels of fatty acid translocase at basal state and under insulin stimulation and the protein levels and activity of muscle-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were normalised. Second, a significant (P<0·001) reduction of TAG, long-chain acyl CoA and diacylglycerol levels was observed in the heart muscle. Third, soya protein significantly increased (P<0·01) GLUT4 protein level under insulin stimulation and normalised glucose phosphorylation and oxidation. A reduction of phosphorylated AMP protein kinase protein level was recorded without changes in uncoupling protein 2 and PPARα. Fourth, hydroxyproline concentration decreased in the left ventricle and hypertension was normalised. The new information provided shows the beneficial effects of soya protein upon the altered pathways of glucose and lipid metabolism in the heart muscle of this rat model.
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135
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Sun S, Tan P, Huang X, Zhang W, Kong C, Ren F, Su X. Ubiquitinated CD36 sustains insulin-stimulated Akt activation by stabilizing insulin receptor substrate 1 in myotubes. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:2383-2394. [PMID: 29269414 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.811471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the magnitude and duration of insulin signaling are important in executing its cellular functions. Insulin-induced degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) represents a key negative feedback loop that restricts insulin signaling. Moreover, high concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) and glucose involved in the etiology of obesity-associated insulin resistance also contribute to the regulation of IRS1 degradation. The scavenger receptor CD36 binds many lipid ligands, and its contribution to insulin resistance has been extensively studied, but the exact regulation of insulin sensitivity by CD36 is highly controversial. Herein, we found that CD36 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes accelerated insulin-stimulated Akt activation, but the activated signaling was sustained for a much shorter period of time as compared with WT cells, leading to exacerbated insulin-induced insulin resistance. This was likely due to enhanced insulin-induced IRS1 degradation after CD36 knockdown. Overexpression of WT CD36, but not a ubiquitination-defective CD36 mutant, delayed IRS1 degradation. We also found that CD36 functioned through ubiquitination-dependent binding to IRS1 and inhibiting its interaction with cullin 7, a key component of the multisubunit cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Moreover, dissociation of the Src family kinase Fyn from CD36 by free FAs or Fyn knockdown/inhibition accelerated insulin-induced IRS1 degradation, likely due to disrupted IRS1 interaction with CD36 and thus enhanced binding to cullin 7. In summary, we identified a CD36-dependent FA-sensing pathway that plays an important role in negative feedback regulation of insulin activation and may open up strategies for preventing or managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishuo Sun
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China and
| | - Pengcheng Tan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China and
| | - Xiaoheng Huang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China and
| | - Wei Zhang
- the Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Chen Kong
- the Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Fangfang Ren
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China and
| | - Xiong Su
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China and .,the Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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136
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Khan S, Kowluru A. CD36 mediates lipid accumulation in pancreatic beta cells under the duress of glucolipotoxic conditions: Novel roles of lysine deacetylases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:2221-2226. [PMID: 29274335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is implicated in the intake of long-chain fatty acids and fat storage in various cell types including the pancreatic beta cell, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of metabolic stress and diabetes. Recent evidence indicates that CD36 undergoes post-translational modifications such as acetylation-deacetylation. However, putative roles of such modifications in its functional activation and onset of beta cell dysregulation under the duress of glucolipotoxicity (GLT) remain largely unknown. Using pharmacological approaches, we validated, herein, the hypothesis that acetylation-deacetylation signaling steps are involved in CD36-mediated lipid accumulation and downstream apoptotic signaling in pancreatic beta (INS-1832/13) cells under GLT. Exposure of these cells to GLT resulted in significant lipid accumulation without affecting the CD36 expression. Sulfo-n-succinimidyl oleate (SSO), an irreversible inhibitor of CD36, significantly attenuated lipid accumulation under GLT conditions, thus implicating CD36 in this metabolic step. Furthermore, trichostatin A (TSA) or valproic acid (VPA), known inhibitors of lysine deacetylases, markedly suppressed GLT-associated lipid accumulation with no discernible effects on CD36 expression. Lastly, SSO or TSA prevented caspase 3 activation in INS-1832/13 cells exposed to GLT conditions. Based on these findings, we conclude that an acetylation-deacetylation signaling step might regulate CD36 functional activity and subsequent lipid accumulation and caspase 3 activation in pancreatic beta cells exposed to GLT conditions. Identification of specific lysine deacetylases that control CD36 function should provide novel clues for the prevention of beta-cell dysfunction under GLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir Khan
- β-Cell Biochemistry Laboratory, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- β-Cell Biochemistry Laboratory, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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137
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Melis M, Carta G, Pintus S, Pintus P, Piras CA, Murru E, Manca C, Di Marzo V, Banni S, Tomassini Barbarossa I. Polymorphism rs1761667 in the CD36 Gene Is Associated to Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Circulating Endocannabinoid Levels Distinctively in Normal Weight and Obese Subjects. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1006. [PMID: 29270130 PMCID: PMC5724198 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional CD36 scavenger receptor facilitates fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation and it has been involved in the pathophysiology related to dysfunctional FA metabolism. The common variant in the CD36 gene, rs1761667 (A/G), whose allele A is characterized by a reduced protein expression, has been associated with taste sensitivity to and preference for fat. We therefore aimed at evaluating whether the CD36 polymorphism may influence fatty acid metabolism and endocannabinoid biosynthesis in normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) subjects. Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid composition, and plasma endocannabinoid levels were determined. In NW subjects with AA genotype was found a marked reduction of RBC saturated fatty acids and palmitic/linoleic ratio (PA/LA), considered as de novo lipogenesis (DNL) biomarkers. Remarkably, to the reduction of DNL biomarkers corresponded an increase of omega-6 index, an indirect marker of the impact on fatty acid metabolism of dietary omega-6 fatty acids, endocannabinoid levels and a higher waist/hip ratio. The presence of the G allele was instead associated with increased endocannabinoid plasma levels and a trend for increased waist/hip ratio in obese subjects, even though exhibited decreased BMI with respect to those with AA genotype. These data indicate that the CD36 polymorphism, rs1761667, leads to a distinct metabolic pattern in NW and in OB subjects. Therefore, their determination may be crucial in developing personalized therapeutic strategies for ameliorating dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Gianfranca Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefano Pintus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Pintus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carla A Piras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Murru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Claudia Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Banni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
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138
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Carta G, Murru E, Banni S, Manca C. Palmitic Acid: Physiological Role, Metabolism and Nutritional Implications. Front Physiol 2017; 8:902. [PMID: 29167646 PMCID: PMC5682332 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA) has been for long time negatively depicted for its putative detrimental health effects, shadowing its multiple crucial physiological activities. PA is the most common saturated fatty acid accounting for 20–30% of total fatty acids in the human body and can be provided in the diet or synthesized endogenously via de novo lipogenesis (DNL). PA tissue content seems to be controlled around a well-defined concentration, and changes in its intake do not influence significantly its tissue concentration because the exogenous source is counterbalanced by PA endogenous biosynthesis. Particular physiopathological conditions and nutritional factors may strongly induce DNL, resulting in increased tissue content of PA and disrupted homeostatic control of its tissue concentration. The tight homeostatic control of PA tissue concentration is likely related to its fundamental physiological role to guarantee membrane physical properties but also to consent protein palmitoylation, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) biosynthesis, and in the lung an efficient surfactant activity. In order to maintain membrane phospholipids (PL) balance may be crucial an optimal intake of PA in a certain ratio with unsaturated fatty acids, especially PUFAs of both n-6 and n-3 families. However, in presence of other factors such as positive energy balance, excessive intake of carbohydrates (in particular mono and disaccharides), and a sedentary lifestyle, the mechanisms to maintain a steady state of PA concentration may be disrupted leading to an over accumulation of tissue PA resulting in dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, increased ectopic fat accumulation and increased inflammatory tone via toll-like receptor 4. It is therefore likely that the controversial data on the association of dietary PA with detrimental health effects, may be related to an excessive imbalance of dietary PA/PUFA ratio which, in certain physiopathological conditions, and in presence of an enhanced DNL, may further accelerate these deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranca Carta
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Murru
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Banni
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Manca
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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139
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CD36 in chronic kidney disease: novel insights and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:769-781. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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140
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Noordali H, Loudon BL, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Cardiac metabolism - A promising therapeutic target for heart failure. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 182:95-114. [PMID: 28821397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Both heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although many established pharmacological interventions exist for HFrEF, hospitalization and death rates remain high, and for those with HFpEF (approximately half of all heart failure patients), there are no effective therapies. Recently, the role of impaired cardiac energetic status in heart failure has gained increasing recognition with the identification of reduced capacity for both fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation, impaired function of the electron transport chain, reduced capacity to transfer ATP to the cytosol, and inefficient utilization of the energy produced. These nodes in the genesis of cardiac energetic impairment provide potential therapeutic targets, and there is promising data from recent experimental and early-phase clinical studies evaluating modulators such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 inhibitors, partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitors and mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants. Metabolic modulation may provide significant symptomatic and prognostic benefit for patients suffering from heart failure above and beyond guideline-directed therapy, but further clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Noordali
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brodie L Loudon
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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141
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Creus A, Benmelej A, Villafañe N, Lombardo YB. Dietary Salba (Salvia hispanica L) improves the altered metabolic fate of glucose and reduces increased collagen deposition in the heart of insulin-resistant rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 121:30-39. [PMID: 28651695 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the effects of dietary Salba (chia) seeds on the mechanisms underlying impaired glucose metabolism in the heart of dyslipemic insulin-resistant rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD). Wistar rats were fed a SRD for 3 months. Afterwards, half the animals continued with the SRD; in the other half's diet chia seeds replaced corn oil (CO) for three months (SRD+chia). In the control group, corn starch replaced sucrose. The replacement of CO by chia seeds in the SRD restored the activities of key enzymes involved in heart glucose metabolism decreasing fatty acid oxidation. Chia seeds normalized insulin stimulated GLUT-4 transporter, the abundance of IRS-1 and pAMPK, changed the profile of fatty acid phospholipids, reduced left-ventricle collagen deposition and normalized hypertension and dyslipidemia. New evidence is provided concerning the effects of dietary chia seeds in improving the altered metabolic fate of glucose in the heart of dyslipemic insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Creus
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adriana Benmelej
- Department of Morphology, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Noelia Villafañe
- Department of Morphology, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Yolanda B Lombardo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria El Pozo cc 242, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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142
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Li T, Feng R, Zhao C, Wang Y, Wang J, Liu S, Cao J, Wang H, Wang T, Guo Y, Lu Z. Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:598-609. [PMID: 27565538 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS High plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, are associated with hepatic dysfunction in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unknown whether ADMA is involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is an enzyme that degrades ADMA. In this study, we used Ddah1-/- mice to investigate the effects of the ADMA/DDAH1 pathway on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis. RESULTS After HFD feeding for 20 weeks, Ddah1-/- mice were more obese and had developed more severe hepatic steatosis and worse insulin resistance compared with wild-type (WT) mice. In the livers of HFD-fed mice, loss of DDAH1 resulted in higher levels of lipogenic genes, lower expression of β-oxidation genes, and greater induction of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation than in the WT livers. Furthermore, ADMA treatment in HepG2 cells led to oxidative stress and steatosis, whereas overexpression of DDAH1 attenuated palmitic acid-induced steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Innovation and Conclusion: Our results provide the first direct evidence that the ADMA/DDAH1 pathway has a marked effect on hepatic lipogenesis and steatosis induced by HFD feeding. Our findings suggest that strategies to increase DDAH1 activity in hepatocytes may provide a novel approach to attenuate NAFLD development. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 598-609.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Li
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Run Feng
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Cao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
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143
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Ano Y, Dohata A, Taniguchi Y, Hoshi A, Uchida K, Takashima A, Nakayama H. Iso-α-acids, Bitter Components of Beer, Prevent Inflammation and Cognitive Decline Induced in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3720-3728. [PMID: 28087694 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.763813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alongside the rapid growth in aging populations worldwide, prevention and therapy for age-related memory decline and dementia are in great demand to maintain a long, healthy life. Here we found that iso-α-acids, hop-derived bitter compounds in beer, enhance microglial phagocytosis and suppress inflammation via activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. In normal mice, oral administration of iso-α-acids led to a significant increase both in CD11b and CD206 double-positive anti-inflammatory type microglia (p < 0.05) and in microglial phagocytosis in the brain. In Alzheimer's model 5xFAD mice, oral administration of iso-α-acids resulted in a 21% reduction in amyloid β in the cerebral cortex as observed by immunohistochemical analysis, a significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and chemokines including macrophage inflammatory protein-1α in the cerebral cortex (p < 0.05) and a significant improvement in a novel object recognition test (p < 0.05), as compared with control-fed 5xFAD mice. The differences in iso-α-acid-fed mice were due to the induction of microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The present study is the first to report that amyloid β deposition and inflammation are suppressed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by a single component, iso-α-acids, via the regulation of microglial activation. The suppression of neuroinflammation and improvement in cognitive function suggests that iso-α-acids contained in beer may be useful for the prevention of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Ano
- From the Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies and
| | - Atsushi Dohata
- the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan, and
| | - Yoshimasa Taniguchi
- the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Company Ltd., Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ayaka Hoshi
- the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Company Ltd., Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan, and
| | - Akihiko Takashima
- the Department of Neurobiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan, and
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144
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Long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa inhibit adipogenesis and regulate lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1753-1760. [PMID: 30263471 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate anti-adipogenic effects of long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa (Cf-LCBs) in vitro. Results showed that Cf-LCBs inhibited adipocyte differentiation and the expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Cf-LCBs increased β-catenin mRNA and nuclear translocation and increased its target genes, cyclin D1 and c-myc. Cf-LCBs enhanced fizzled and lipoprotein-receptor-related protein5/6 (LRP5/6) expressions, whereas wingless-type MMTV integration site10b (WNT10b) and glycogen syntheses kinase 3β (GSK3β) remained unchanged. Cf-LCBs also reduced adipogenesis and recovered WNT/β-catenin signaling in the cells suffering from 21H7, a β-catenin inhibitor. In addition, Cf-LCBs decreased triglyceride content and the expressions of lipogenesis genes. Cf-LCBs increased FFA levels and the expressions of lipidolytic factors. Cf-LCBs promoted the phosphorylation of adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These findings indicate that Cf-LCBs inhibit adipogenesis through activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling and regulate lipid metabolism via activation of AMPK pathway.
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145
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Yuan H, Wang T, Niu Y, Liu X, Fu L. AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated expression of heat shock protein beta 1 enhanced insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle. FEBS Lett 2016; 591:97-108. [PMID: 27928820 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been viewed as an important target for the treatment of insulin resistance. Here, by proteomic analysis, we found that expression of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) was induced by the AMP analog 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside in palmitate-induced insulin-resistant cells. Overexpression of AMPKα2, or activation of AMPKα via acute/chronic exercise training, increased HSPB1 expression in the skeletal muscle. In AMPKα2-/- mice, HSPB1 expression was downregulated in the quadriceps muscles. Exercise did not increase HSPB1 expression in AMPKα2-/- mice. Moreover, overexpression of HSPB1 enhanced insulin sensitivity in palmitate-induced insulin-resistant cells and restored metabolic phenotypes associated with defective AMPK. Finally, HSPB1 was required for AMPK-mediated activation of the class IIa histone deacetylases and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle. Our results demonstrate that AMPK-mediated HSPB1 expression enhanced insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
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146
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Luiken JJFP, Chanda D, Nabben M, Neumann D, Glatz JFC. Post-translational modifications of CD36 (SR-B2): Implications for regulation of myocellular fatty acid uptake. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1862:2253-2258. [PMID: 27615427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The membrane-associated protein CD36, now officially designated as SR-B2, is present in various tissues and fulfills multiple cellular functions. In heart and muscle, CD36 is the main (long-chain) fatty acid transporter, regulating myocellular fatty acid uptake via its vesicle-mediated reversible trafficking (recycling) between intracellular membrane compartments and the cell surface. CD36 is subject to various types of post-translational modification. This review focusses on the role of these modifications in further regulation of myocellular fatty acid uptake. Glycosylation, ubiquitination and palmitoylation are involved in regulating CD36 stability, while phosphorylation at extracellular sites affect the rate of fatty acid uptake. In addition, CD36 modification by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine may regulate the translocation of CD36 from endosomes to the cell surface. Acetylation of CD36 has also been reported, but possible effects on CD36 expression and/or functioning have not yet been addressed. Taken together, CD36 is subject to a multitude of post-translational modifications of which their functional implications are beginning to be understood. Moreover, further investigations are needed to disclose whether these post-translational modifications play a role in altered fatty acid uptake rates seen in several pathologies of heart and muscle. This article is part of a special issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck and Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dietbert Neumann
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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147
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Cutillas PR. Targeted In-Depth Quantification of Signaling Using Label-Free Mass Spectrometry. Methods Enzymol 2016; 585:245-268. [PMID: 28109432 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation encodes information on the activity of kinase-driven signaling pathways that regulate cell biology. This chapter discusses an approach, named TIQUAS (targeted in-depth quantification of signaling), to quantify cell signaling comprehensively and without bias. The workflow-based on mass spectrometry (MS) and computational science-consists of targeting the analysis of phosphopeptides previously identified by shotgun liquid chromatography tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) across the samples that are being compared. TIQUAS therefore takes advantage of concepts derived from both targeted (data-independent) and data-dependent acquisition methods; phosphorylation sites are quantified in all experimental samples regardless of whether or not these phosphopeptides were identified by MS/MS in all runs. As a result, datasets are obtained containing quantitative information on several thousand phosphorylation sites in as many samples and replicates as required in the experimental design, and these rich datasets are devoid of a significant number of missing data points. This chapter discussed the biochemical, analytical, and computational procedures required to apply the approach and for obtaining a biological interpretation of the data in the context of our understanding of cell signaling regulation and kinase-substrate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Cutillas
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom.
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148
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The application of transcriptomic data in the authentication of beef derived from contrasting production systems. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:746. [PMID: 27654331 PMCID: PMC5031250 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences between cattle production systems can influence the nutritional and sensory characteristics of beef, in particular its fatty acid (FA) composition. As beef products derived from pasture-based systems can demand a higher premium from consumers, there is a need to understand the biological characteristics of pasture produced meat and subsequently to develop methods of authentication for these products. Here, we describe an approach to authentication that focuses on differences in the transcriptomic profile of muscle from animals finished in different systems of production of practical relevance to the Irish beef industry. The objectives of this study were to identify a panel of differentially expressed (DE) genes/networks in the muscle of cattle raised outdoors on pasture compared to animals raised indoors on a concentrate based diet and to subsequently identify an optimum panel which can classify the meat based on a production system. RESULTS A comparison of the muscle transcriptome of outdoor/pasture-fed and Indoor/concentrate-fed cattle resulted in the identification of 26 DE genes. Functional analysis of these genes identified two significant networks (1: Energy Production, Lipid Metabolism, Small Molecule Biochemistry; and 2: Lipid Metabolism, Molecular Transport, Small Molecule Biochemistry), both of which are involved in FA metabolism. The expression of selected up-regulated genes in the outdoor/pasture-fed animals correlated positively with the total n-3 FA content of the muscle. The pathway and network analysis of the DE genes indicate that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and FYN/AMPK could be implicit in the regulation of these alterations to the lipid profile. In terms of authentication, the expression profile of three DE genes (ALAD, EIF4EBP1 and NPNT) could almost completely separate the samples based on production system (95 % authentication for animals on pasture-based and 100 % for animals on concentrate- based diet) in this context. CONCLUSIONS The majority of DE genes between muscle of the outdoor/pasture-fed and concentrate-fed cattle were related to lipid metabolism and in particular β-oxidation. In this experiment the combined expression profiles of ALAD, EIF4EBP1 and NPNT were optimal in classifying the muscle transcriptome based on production system. Given the overall lack of comparable studies and variable concordance with those that do exist, the use of transcriptomic data in authenticating production systems requires more exploration across a range of contexts and breeds.
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149
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Lu Y, Pan Y, Sheng N, Zhao AZ, Dai J. Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure alters polyunsaturated fatty acid composition, induces oxidative stress and activates the AKT/AMPK pathway in mouse epididymis. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 158:143-53. [PMID: 27262104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a degradation-resistant compound with a carbon-fluorine bond. Although PFOA emissions have been reduced since 2000, it remains persistent in the environment. Several studies on laboratory animals indicate that PFOA exposure can impact male fertility. Here, adult male mice received either PFOA (1.25, 5 or 20 mg/kg/d) or an equal volume of water for 28 d consecutively. PFOA accumulated in the epididymis in a dose-dependent manner and resulted in reduced epididymis weight, lower levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (CHO), and free fatty acids (FFA), and activated AKT/AMPK signaling in the epididymis. Altered polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compositions, such as a higher arachidonic acid:linoleic acid (AA:LA) ratio, concomitant with excessive oxidative stress, as demonstrated by increased malonaldehyde (MDA) and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the epididymis, were observed in epididymis tissue following treatment with PFOA. These results indicate that the epididymis is a potential target of PFOA. Oxidative stress and PUFA alteration might help explain the sperm injury and male reproductive dysfunction induced by PFOA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yitao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Nan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Allan Z Zhao
- Center of Metabolic Disease Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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150
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Chanda D, Luiken JJFP, Glatz JFC. Signaling pathways involved in cardiac energy metabolism. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2364-74. [PMID: 27403883 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Various signaling pathways coordinate energy metabolism and contractile function in the heart. Myocardial uptake of long-chain fatty acids largely occurs by facilitated diffusion, involving the membrane-associated protein, CD36. Glucose uptake, the rate-limiting step in glucose utilization, is mediated predominantly by the glucose transporter protein, GLUT4. Insulin and contraction-mediated AMPK signaling each are implicated in tightly regulating these myocardial 'gate-keepers' of energy balance, that is, CD36 and GLUT4. The insulin and AMPK signaling cascades are complex and their cross-talk is only beginning to be understood. Moreover, transcriptional regulation of the CD36 and GLUT4 is significantly understudied. This review focuses on recent advances on the role of these signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in the regulation of CD36 and GLUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Chanda
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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