101
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Kalinski AL, Yoon C, Huffman LD, Duncker PC, Kohen R, Passino R, Hafner H, Johnson C, Kawaguchi R, Carbajal KS, Jara JS, Hollis E, Geschwind DH, Segal BM, Giger RJ. Analysis of the immune response to sciatic nerve injury identifies efferocytosis as a key mechanism of nerve debridement. eLife 2020; 9:60223. [PMID: 33263277 PMCID: PMC7735761 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sciatic nerve crush injury triggers sterile inflammation within the distal nerve and axotomized dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Granulocytes and pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes infiltrate the nerve first and rapidly give way to Ly6Cnegative inflammation-resolving macrophages. In axotomized DRGs, few hematogenous leukocytes are detected and resident macrophages acquire a ramified morphology. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of injured sciatic nerve identifies five macrophage subpopulations, repair Schwann cells, and mesenchymal precursor cells. Macrophages at the nerve crush site are molecularly distinct from macrophages associated with Wallerian degeneration. In the injured nerve, macrophages ‘eat’ apoptotic leukocytes, a process called efferocytosis, and thereby promote an anti-inflammatory milieu. Myeloid cells in the injured nerve, but not axotomized DRGs, strongly express receptors for the cytokine GM-CSF. In GM-CSF-deficient (Csf2-/-) mice, inflammation resolution is delayed and conditioning-lesion-induced regeneration of DRG neuron central axons is abolished. Thus, carefully orchestrated inflammation resolution in the nerve is required for conditioning-lesion-induced neurorepair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Kalinski
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Choya Yoon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Lucas D Huffman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Patrick C Duncker
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Rafi Kohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Ryan Passino
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Hannah Hafner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Craig Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Kevin S Carbajal
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | | | - Edmund Hollis
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, United States.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Benjamin M Segal
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States.,The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Roman J Giger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
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102
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Zhang J, Huang L, Shi X, Yang L, Hua F, Ma J, Zhu W, Liu X, Xuan R, Shen Y, Liu J, Lai X, Yu P. Metformin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and cell pyroptosis via AMPK/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24270-24287. [PMID: 33232283 PMCID: PMC7762510 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a life-threatening vascular emergency following myocardial infarction. Our previous study showed cardioprotective effects of metformin against myocardial I/R injury. In this study, we further examined the involvement of AMPK mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in this cardioprotective effect of metformin. Myocardial I/R injury was simulated in a rat heart Langendorff model and neonatal rat ventricle myocytes (NRVMs) were subjected to hypoxi/reoxygenation (H/R) to establish an in vitro model. Outcome measures included myocardial infarct size, hemodynamic monitoring, myocardial tissue injury, myocardial apoptotic index and the inflammatory response. myocardial infarct size and cardiac enzyme activities. First, we found that metformin postconditioning can not only significantly alleviated myocardial infarct size, attenuated cell apoptosis, and inhibited myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, metformin activated phosphorylated AMPK, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In isolated NRVMs metformin increased cellular viability, decreased LDH activity and inhibited cellular apoptosis and inflammation. Importantly, inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation by Compound C (CC) resulted in decreased survival of cardiomyocytes mainly by inducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and increasing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Finally, in vitro studies revealed that the NLRP3 activator nigericin abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin in NRVMs, but it had little effect on AMPK phosphorylation. Collectively, our study confirmed that metformin exerts cardioprotective effects by regulating myocardial I/R injury-induced inflammatory response, which was largely dependent on the enhancement of the AMPK pathway, thereby suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 3300063, Nanchang, China
| | - Lelin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lushan Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center, PLA Joint Service Forces, Jiujiang 3320000, China
| | - Xing Shi
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 3300063, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wengen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Xuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, Nanchang, China
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103
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Who Is Afraid of CRP? Elevated Preoperative CRP Levels Might Attenuate the Increase in Inflammatory Parameters in Response to Lung Cancer Surgery. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103340. [PMID: 33080990 PMCID: PMC7603240 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During surgery, ATP from damaged cells induces the release of interleukin-1β, a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that contributes to the development of postoperative systemic inflammation, sepsis and multi-organ damage. We recently demonstrated that C-reactive protein (CRP) inhibits the ATP-induced release of monocytic interleukin-1β, although high CRP levels are deemed to be a poor prognostic marker. Here, we retrospectively investigated if preoperative CRP levels correlate with postoperative CRP, leukocyte counts and fever in the context of anatomical lung resection and systematic lymph node dissection as first line lung cancer therapy. No correlation was found in the overall results. In men, however, preoperative CRP and leukocyte counts positively correlated on postoperative days one to two, and a negative correlation of CRP and fever was seen in women. These correlations were more pronounced in men taking statins and in statin-naïve women. Accordingly, the inhibitory effect of CRP on the ATP-induced interleukin-1β release was blunted in monocytes from coronary heart disease patients treated with atorvastatin compared to monocytes obtained before medication. Hence, the common notion that elevated CRP levels predict more severe postoperative inflammation should be questioned. We rather hypothesize that in women and statin-naïve patients, high CRP levels attenuate trauma-induced increases in inflammatory markers.
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104
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Jiang Q, Geng X, Warren J, Eugene Paul Cosky E, Kaura S, Stone C, Li F, Ding Y. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent-Pyroptotic and Apoptotic Cell Death Following Ischemic Stroke. Neuroscience 2020; 448:126-139. [PMID: 32976985 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability. Recent evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor that regulates oxygen levels, plays a key role in neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke. Accordingly, we investigated the mechanism of HIF-1α on pyroptotic and apoptotic cells during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rats were then exposed to 6 or 24 h of reperfusion, with or without YC-1 (HIF-1α inhibitor, 5 mg/kg). Infarct volumes, along with mRNA and protein quantities of HIF-1α, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, Caspase-1, and co-localization of HIF-1α, and NLRP3, were assessed. We measured apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death, gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages after ischemic stroke. HIF-1α mRNA and NLRP3 inflammasome components were increased after 24 h of reperfusion. YC-1 significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1; significantly decreased infarction and pyroptotic cell death after 24 h of reperfusion; attenuated the neuroinflammatory response by reducing infiltration of CD68- and MPO-positive cells after 24 h of reperfusion; and reduced apoptotic cell death following ischemic stroke. We found that HIF-1α likely regulates inflammatory responses through the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, thus influencing both apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death after stroke. These findings suggest that future investigations are needed regarding HIF-1α and its role as a potential molecular target in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan Warren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Shawn Kaura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fengwu Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Research & Development Center, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
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105
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Bai B, Yang Y, Wang Q, Li M, Tian C, Liu Y, Aung LHH, Li PF, Yu T, Chu XM. NLRP3 inflammasome in endothelial dysfunction. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:776. [PMID: 32948742 PMCID: PMC7501262 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a class of cytosolic protein complexes. They act as cytosolic innate immune signal receptors to sense pathogens and initiate inflammatory responses under physiological and pathological conditions. The NLR-family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most characteristic multimeric protein complex. Its activation triggers the cleavage of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18, which are mediated by caspase-1, and secretes mature forms of these mediators from cells to promote the further inflammatory process and oxidative stress. Simultaneously, cells undergo pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, termed pyroptosis. The danger signals for activating NLRP3 inflammasome are very extensive, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS), which act as an intermediate trigger to activate NLRP3 inflammasome, exacerbating subsequent inflammatory cascades and cell damage. Vascular endothelium at the site of inflammation is actively involved in the regulation of inflammation progression with important implications for cardiovascular homeostasis as a dynamically adaptable interface. Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark and predictor for cardiovascular ailments or adverse cardiovascular events, such as coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. The loss of proper endothelial function may lead to tissue swelling, chronic inflammation, and the formation of thrombi. As such, elimination of endothelial cell inflammation or activation is of clinical relevance. In this review, we provided a comprehensive perspective on the pivotal role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in aggravating oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction and the possible underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlighted the contribution of noncoding RNAs to NLRP3 inflammasome activation-associated endothelial dysfunction, and outlined potential clinical drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome involved in endothelial dysfunction. Collectively, this summary provides recent developments and perspectives on how NLRP3 inflammasome interferes with endothelial dysfunction and the potential research value of NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential mediator of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochen Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of lmmunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Lynn Htet Htet Aung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Xian-Ming Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266032, China.
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106
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Fantini MC, Favale A, Onali S, Facciotti F. Tumor Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells in Sporadic and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer: The Red Little Riding Hood and the Wolf. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6744. [PMID: 32937953 PMCID: PMC7555219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells represent a class of specialized T lymphocytes that suppress unwanted immune responses and size the activation of the immune system whereby limiting collateral damages in tissues involved by inflammation. In cancer, the accumulation of Tregs is generally associated with poor prognosis. Many lines of evidence indicate that Tregs accumulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) suppresses the immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAA), thus promoting tumor progression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSLC), breast carcinoma and melanoma. In colorectal cancer (CRC) the effect of Tregs accumulation is debated. Some reports describe the association of high number of Tregs in CRC stroma with a better prognosis while others failed to find any association. These discordant results stem from the heterogeneity of the immune environment generated in CRC in which anticancer immune response may coexists with tumor promoting inflammation. Moreover, different subsets of Tregs have been identified that may exert different effects on cancer progression depending on tumor stage and their location within the tumor mass. Finally, Tregs phenotypic plasticity may be induced by cytokines released in the TME by dysplastic and other tumor-infiltrating cells thus affecting their functional role in the tumor. Here, we reviewed the recent literature about the role of Tregs in CRC and in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), where inflammation is the main driver of tumor initiation and progression. We tried to explain when and how Tregs can be considered to be the "good" or the "bad" in the colon carcinogenesis process on the basis of the available data concluding that the final effect of Tregs on sporadic CRC and CAC depends on their localization within the tumor, the subtype of Tregs involved and their phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Claudio Fantini
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Agnese Favale
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Sara Onali
- CEMAD-IBD UNIT-Unità Operativa Complessa di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy;
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107
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Wang Q, Chi ZF, Wei D, Zhao ZA, Zhang H, Zhang LM, Liu YX, Kang AL, Zhao M, Wang P, Nie LH, Niu CY, Zhao ZG. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Inflammation Is Involved in the Impairment of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Induced by Post-hemorrhagic Shock Mesenteric Lymph. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1717. [PMID: 33013823 PMCID: PMC7509150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial injury caused by post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return is an important manifestation during refractory hemorrhagic shock. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and transcriptome analysis, this study sought to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the adverse effect of PHSML on vascular endothelium. Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph was collected from male rats after they underwent hemorrhagic shock and following resuscitation, while normal mesenteric lymph (NML) was harvested from sham rats. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with the culture medium containing either 10% phosphate buffered saline (Control), NML, or PHSML for 3 h, and then were harvested for RNA sequencing. In comparison with NML treated cells, 37 genes were differentially expressed in PHSML-treated HUVECs, including 32 upregulated genes and five downregulated genes. These differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory pathways, including signaling pathways for activation of the NOD-like receptors, NF-κB, and TNF. Furthermore, we found that C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was increased significantly after PHSML treatment, and Bindarit, a CCL2 production inhibitor, attenuated the damage of HUVECs induced by PHSML. The results provide molecular evidence on vascular endothelium damage caused by PHSML. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 might represent a new target for reducing vascular injury after severe hemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhen-Fen Chi
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wei
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Ao Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yan-Xu Liu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - An-Ling Kang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ling-Hu Nie
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yu Niu
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zi-Gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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108
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Amyloid Beta Peptide (Aβ 1-42) Reverses the Cholinergic Control of Monocytic IL-1β Release. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092887. [PMID: 32906646 PMCID: PMC7564705 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ1-42), the cleavage product of the evolutionary highly conserved amyloid precursor protein, presumably plays a pathogenic role in Alzheimer's disease. Aβ1-42 can induce the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine intereukin-1β (IL-1β) in immune cells within and out of the nervous system. Known interaction partners of Aβ1-42 are α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The physiological functions of Aβ1-42 are, however, not fully understood. Recently, we identified a cholinergic mechanism that controls monocytic release of IL-1β by canonical and non-canonical agonists of nAChRs containing subunits α7, α9, and/or α10. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Aβ1-42 modulates this inhibitory cholinergic mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide-primed monocytic U937 cells and human mononuclear leukocytes were stimulated with the P2X7 receptor agonist 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt (BzATP) in the presence or absence of nAChR agonists and Aβ1-42. IL-1β concentrations were measured in the supernatant. Aβ1-42 dose-dependently (IC50 = 2.54 µM) reversed the inhibitory effect of canonical and non-canonical nicotinic agonists on BzATP-mediated IL-1β-release by monocytic cells, whereas reverse Aβ42-1 was ineffective. In conclusion, we discovered a novel pro-inflammatory Aβ1-42 function that enables monocytic IL-1β release in the presence of nAChR agonists. These findings provide evidence for a novel physiological function of Aβ1-42 in the context of sterile systemic inflammation.
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109
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Wang K, Ru J, Zhang H, Chen J, Lin X, Lin Z, Wen M, Huang L, Ni H, Zhuge Q, Yang S. Melatonin Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of Plasma Exosomes Against Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Pyroptosis Through the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:848. [PMID: 33013286 PMCID: PMC7461850 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ischemic stroke-induced inflammation and inflammasome-dependent pyroptotic neural death cause serious neurological injury. Nano-sized plasma exosomes have exhibited therapeutic potential against ischemia and reperfusion injury by ameliorating inflammation. To enhance its therapeutic potential in patients with ischemic injury, we isolated exosomes from melatonin-treated rat plasma and assessed the neurological protective effect in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Basal plasma exosomes and melatonin-treated plasma exosomes were isolated and intravenously injected into a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. Neurological recovery was evaluated by determining the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), infarct volume, and brain water content. Pyroptosis in the ischemic cortex was detected through dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage. NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and global inflammatory cytokine secretion were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot assay. In immunized Sprague-Dawley rats, microglia pyroptosis was determined through a positive percentage of IBA1+ and caspase-1 (p20)+ cells. Finally, the microRNA (miRNA) profiles in melatonin-treated plasma exosomes were analyzed by exosome miRNA microarray analysis. Results Melatonin treatment enhanced plasma exosome therapeutic effects against ischemia-induced inflammatory responses and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. In addition, we confirmed that ischemic stroke-induced pyroptotic cell death occurred in the microglia and neuron, while the administration of melatonin-treated exosomes further effectively decreased the infarct volume and improved recovery of function via regulation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, the altered miRNA profiles in the melatonin-treated plasma exosomes demonstrated the regulatory mechanisms involved in neurological recovery after ischemic injury. Conclusion This study suggests that nano-sized plasma exosomes with melatonin pretreatment might be a more effective strategy for patients with ischemic brain injury. Further exploration of key molecules in the plasma exosome may provide increased therapeutic value for cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kankai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junnan Ru
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hengli Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiao Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Wen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijie Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haoqi Ni
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Su Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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110
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Al Mamun A, Akter A, Hossain S, Sarker T, Safa SA, Mustafa QG, Muhammad SA, Munir F. Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in liver disease. J Dig Dis 2020; 21:430-436. [PMID: 32585073 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes have become an important natural sensor of host immunity, and can protect various organs against pathogenic infections, metabolic syndromes, cellular stress and cancer metastasis. Inflammasomes are intracellular multi-protein complexes found in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, stimulating the initiation of caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in response to cell danger signals. Inflammasomes induce cell death mechanisms. The potential role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis, nanoparticle-induced liver injury and other liver diseases has recently attracted widespread attention from clinicians and researchers. In this review we summarize the role played by the NLRP3 inflammasome in molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms in the pathogenesis and progression of liver disease. This article aims to establish that targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and other inflammasome components may make a significant therapeutic approach to the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Afroza Akter
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sukria Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Quazi G Mustafa
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Syed A Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Munir
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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111
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Relja B, Land WG. Damage-associated molecular patterns in trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:751-775. [PMID: 31612270 PMCID: PMC7427761 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-019-01235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In 1994, the "danger model" argued that adaptive immune responses are driven rather by molecules released upon tissue damage than by the recognition of "strange" molecules. Thus, an alternative to the "self versus non-self recognition model" has been provided. The model, which suggests that the immune system discriminates dangerous from safe molecules, has established the basis for the future designation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), a term that was coined by Walter G. Land, Seong, and Matzinger. The pathological importance of DAMPs is barely somewhere else evident as in the posttraumatic or post-surgical inflammation and regeneration. Since DAMPs have been identified to trigger specific immune responses and inflammation, which is not necessarily detrimental but also regenerative, it still remains difficult to describe their "friend or foe" role in the posttraumatic immunogenicity and healing process. DAMPs can be used as biomarkers to indicate and/or to monitor a disease or injury severity, but they also may serve as clinically applicable parameters for optimized indication of the timing for, i.e., secondary surgeries. While experimental studies allow the detection of these biomarkers on different levels including cellular, tissue, and circulatory milieu, this is not always easily transferable to the human situation. Thus, in this review, we focus on the recent literature dealing with the pathophysiological importance of DAMPs after traumatic injury. Since dysregulated inflammation in traumatized patients always implies disturbed resolution of inflammation, so-called model of suppressing/inhibiting inducible DAMPs (SAMPs) will be very briefly introduced. Thus, an update on this topic in the field of trauma will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Walter Gottlieb Land
- Molecular ImmunoRheumatology, INSERM UMR_S1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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112
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Brock RM, Beitel-White N, Davalos RV, Allen IC. Starting a Fire Without Flame: The Induction of Cell Death and Inflammation in Electroporation-Based Tumor Ablation Strategies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1235. [PMID: 32850371 PMCID: PMC7399335 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic strategies and paradigms are direly needed for the treatment of cancer. While the surgical removal of tumors is favored in most cancer treatment plans, resection options are often limited based on tumor localization. Over the last two decades, multiple tumor ablation strategies have emerged as promising stand-alone or combination therapeutic options for patients. These strategies are often employed to treat tumors in areas where surgical resection is not possible or where chemotherapeutics have proven ineffective. The type of cell death induced by the ablation modality is a critical aspect of therapeutic success that can impact the efficacy of the treatment and systemic anti-tumor immune system responses. Electroporation-based ablation technologies include electrochemotherapy, irreversible electroporation, and other modalities that rely on pulsed electric fields to create pores in cell membranes. These pores can either be reversible or irreversible depending on the electric field parameters and can induce cell death either alone or in combination with a therapeutic agent. However, there have been many controversial findings among these technologies as to the cell death type initiated, from apoptosis to pyroptosis. As cell death mechanisms can impact treatment side effects and efficacy, we review the main types of cell death induced by electroporation-based treatments and summarize the impact of these mechanisms on treatment response. We also discuss potential reasons behind the variability of findings such as the similarities between cell death pathways, differences between cell-types, and the variation in electric field strength across the treatment area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Brock
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Natalie Beitel-White
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Rafael V. Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Irving C. Allen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Science, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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113
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Akkaya B, Shevach EM. Regulatory T cells: Master thieves of the immune system. Cell Immunol 2020; 355:104160. [PMID: 32711171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Treg cells are the immune system's in-house combatants against pathological immune activation. Because they are vital to maintenance of peripheral tolerance, it is important to understand how they perform their functions. To this end, various mechanisms have been proposed for Treg-mediated immune inhibition. A major group of mechanisms picture Treg cells as skilled thieves stealing a plethora of molecules that would otherwise promote immune effector functions. This suggests that several million years of evolution have endowed Treg cells with efficient ways to deprive immune effectors of activating stimuli to prevent immunopathology for survival of the host. Although we are still long way from deciphering their complete set of tricks, this review will focus on the types of "crimes" committed by these master thieves in both secondary lymphoid organs and non-lymphoid tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billur Akkaya
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ethan M Shevach
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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114
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Freeman TL, Swartz TH. Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Severe COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1518. [PMID: 32655582 PMCID: PMC7324760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the genus Betacoronavirus within the family Coronaviridae. It is an enveloped single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. Since December of 2019, a global expansion of the infection has occurred with widespread dissemination of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 often manifests as only mild cold-like symptomatology, but severe disease with complications occurs in 15% of cases. Respiratory failure occurs in severe disease that can be accompanied by a systemic inflammatory reaction characterized by inflammatory cytokine release. In severe cases, fatality is caused by the rapid development of severe lung injury characteristic of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although ARDS is a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is not viral replication or infection that causes tissue injury; rather, it is the result of dysregulated hyperinflammation in response to viral infection. This pathology is characterized by intense, rapid stimulation of the innate immune response that triggers activation of the Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway and release of its products including the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β. Here we review the literature that describes the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and NLRP3 activation and describe an important role in targeting this pathway for the treatment of severe COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Betacoronavirus/metabolism
- COVID-19
- Coronavirus Infections/complications
- Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy
- Coronavirus Infections/metabolism
- Coronavirus Infections/virology
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/drug therapy
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/metabolism
- Furans
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/pharmacology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Indenes
- Inflammasomes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/pharmacology
- Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/therapeutic use
- Interleukin-1beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Mice
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism
- Pandemics
- Pneumonia, Viral/complications
- Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/metabolism
- Pneumonia, Viral/virology
- Pyroptosis/drug effects
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/drug therapy
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2
- Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane/pharmacology
- Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane/therapeutic use
- Sulfonamides
- Sulfones/pharmacology
- Sulfones/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talia H. Swartz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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115
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Moretti J, Blander JM. Increasing complexity of NLRP3 inflammasome regulation. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:561-571. [PMID: 32531835 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0520-104rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that assemble upon detection of danger signals to activate the inflammatory enzyme caspase-1, trigger secretion of the highly proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, and induce an inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. Distinctiveness of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization (NOD), Leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing protein (NLRP3) inflammasome resides in the diversity of molecules that induce its activation, indicating a certain intricacy. Furthermore, besides the canonical activation of NLRP3 in response to various stimuli, caspase-11-dependent detection of intracellular LPS activates NLRP3 through a noncanonical pathway. Several aspects of the NLRP3 inflammasome are not characterized or remain unclear. In this review, we summarize the different modes of NLRP3 activation. We describe recent insights into post-translational and cellular regulation that confer further complexity to NLRP3 inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Moretti
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - J Magarian Blander
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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116
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Tupik JD, Nagai-Singer MA, Allen IC. To protect or adversely affect? The dichotomous role of the NLRP1 inflammasome in human disease. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 76:100858. [PMID: 32359693 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NLRP1 is an inflammasome forming pattern recognition receptor (PRR). When activated by pathogen- and damage- associated molecular patterns (PAMPS/DAMPS), NLRP1 inflammasome formation leads to inflammation through the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β. As with other inflammasome forming NLR family members, NLRP1 also regulates cell death processes, termed pyroptosis. The domain structure of NLRP1 differs between mice and humans, making it possible for the function of the inflammasome to differ between species and adds complexity to the study of this NLR family member. In humans, mutations in both coding and non-coding regions of the NLRP1 gene are linked to a variety of diseases. Likewise, interruption of NLRP1 inhibitors or changes in the prevalence of NLRP1 activators can also impact disease pathobiology. Adding to its complexity, the NLRP1 inflammasome plays a dichotomous role in human diseases, functioning to either attenuate or augment miscellaneous biological processes in a tissue specific manner. For example, NLRP1 plays a protective role in the gastrointestinal tract by modulating the microbiome composition; however, it augments neurological disorders, cardio-pulmonary diseases, and cancer through promoting inflammation. Thus, it is critical that the role of NLRP1 in each of these disease processes be robustly defined. In this review, we summarize the current research landscape to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms associated with NLRP1 function and dysfunction in human disease pathobiology. We propose that a better understanding of these mechanisms will ultimately result in improved insight into immune system dysfunction and therapeutic strategies targeting inflammasome function in multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juselyn D Tupik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Margaret A Nagai-Singer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Irving C Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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117
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Sanches JM, Branco LM, Duarte GHB, Oliani SM, Bortoluci KR, Moreira V, Gil CD. Annexin A1 Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Modifies Lipid Release Profile in Isolated Peritoneal Macrophages. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040926. [PMID: 32283822 PMCID: PMC7226734 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a potent anti-inflammatory protein that downregulates proinflammatory cytokine release. This study evaluated the role of AnxA1 in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lipid release by starch-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages. C57bl/6 wild-type (WT) and AnxA1-null (AnxA1-/-) mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 1.5% starch solution for macrophage recruitment. NLRP3 was activated by priming cells with lipopolysaccharide for 3 h, followed by nigericin (1 h) or ATP (30 min) incubation. As expected, nigericin and ATP administration decreased elicited peritoneal macrophage viability and induced IL-1β release, more pronounced in the AnxA1-/- cells than in the control peritoneal macrophages. In addition, nigericin-activated AnxA1-/- macrophages showed increased levels of NLRP3, while points of co-localization of the AnxA1 protein and NLRP3 inflammasome were detected in WT cells, as demonstrated by ultrastructural analysis. The lipidomic analysis showed a pronounced release of prostaglandins in nigericin-stimulated WT peritoneal macrophages, while ceramides were detected in AnxA1-/- cell supernatants. Different eicosanoid profiles were detected for both genotypes, and our results suggest that endogenous AnxA1 regulates the NLRP3-derived IL-1β and lipid mediator release in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marcos Sanches
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil;
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Guarujá, São Paulo 11410-980, Brazil
| | - Laura Migliari Branco
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04044-010, Brazil; (L.M.B.); (K.R.B.)
| | | | - Sonia Maria Oliani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil;
| | - Karina Ramalho Bortoluci
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04044-010, Brazil; (L.M.B.); (K.R.B.)
| | - Vanessa Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil;
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-011-5576-4268
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118
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Elmassry MM, Mudaliar NS, Colmer-Hamood JA, San Francisco MJ, Griswold JA, Dissanaike S, Hamood AN. New markers for sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa during burn infection. Metabolomics 2020; 16:40. [PMID: 32170472 PMCID: PMC7223005 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in burn patients. One of the major causes of sepsis in burn patients is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We hypothesized that during dissemination from infected burn wounds and subsequent sepsis, P. aeruginosa affects the metabolome of the blood resulting in changes to specific metabolites that would serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of sepsis caused by P. aeruginosa. OBJECTIVES To identify specific biomarkers in the blood after sepsis caused by P. aeruginosa infection of burns. METHODS Gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to compare the serum metabolome of mice that were thermally injured and infected with P. aeruginosa (B-I) to that of mice that were neither injured nor infected, mice that were injured but not infected, and mice that were infected but not injured. RESULTS Serum levels of 19 metabolites were significantly increased in the B-I group compared to controls while levels of eight metabolites were significantly decreased. Thymidine, thymine, uridine, and uracil (related to pyrimidine metabolism), malate and succinate (a possible sign of imbalance in the tricarboxylic acid cycle), 5-oxoproline (related to glutamine and glutathione metabolism), and trans-4-hydroxyproline (a major component of the protein collagen) were increased. Products of amino acid metabolism were significantly decreased in the B-I group, including methionine, tyrosine, indole-3-acetate, and indole-3-propionate. CONCLUSION In all, 26 metabolites were identified, including a unique combination of five metabolites (trans-4-hydroxyproline, 5-oxoproline, glycerol-3-galactoside, indole-3-acetate, and indole-3-propionate) that could serve as a set of biomarkers for early diagnosis of sepsis caused by P. aeruginosa in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen M Elmassry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nithya S Mudaliar
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jane A Colmer-Hamood
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 6591, Lubbock, TX, 79430-6591, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Michael J San Francisco
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Honors College, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - John A Griswold
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sharmila Dissanaike
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Abdul N Hamood
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 6591, Lubbock, TX, 79430-6591, USA.
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119
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Shi C, Yang H, Zhang Z. Involvement of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome in the Pathogenesis of Liver Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:139. [PMID: 32211410 PMCID: PMC7075939 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is widely acknowledged for its crucial role in the pathogenesis of cancers and many neurodegenerative, metabolic, and auto-inflammatory diseases in recent years. Multiple types of inflammasomes exist. However, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most often investigated inflammasome and has come to limelight in recent studies. NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex. Its activation can cause the cleavage of inactive pro-caspase-1 into activated caspase-1, that ultimately promotes the transformation of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18 into biologically-active IL-1β and IL-18, respectively. These processes lead to the local inflammatory responses and induce pyroptosis, causing disparaging effects. Recently, numerous studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver diseases have become a severe health burden worldwide, and there is adequate evidence indicating that the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome acts as a guard against hazard to liver. In this review, we provide a straightforward overview of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as several frequent liver diseases. We then discuss the contribution and regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome during the pathogenesis of liver diseases, which may provide an important indication for the prevention and treatment of various liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjian Shi
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongqin Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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120
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Hachim MY, Khalil BA, Elemam NM, Maghazachi AA. Pyroptosis: The missing puzzle among innate and adaptive immunity crosstalk. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:323-338. [PMID: 32083338 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0120-625r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death with inflammasome formation. Pattern recognition receptors that identify repetitive motifs of prospective pathogens such as LPS of gram-negative bacteria are crucial to pyroptosis. Upon stimulation by pathogen-associated molecular patterns or damage-associated molecular patterns, proinflammatory cytokines, mainly IL-1 family members IL-1β and IL-18, are released through pyroptosis specific pore-forming protein, gasdermin D. Even though IL-1 family members are mainly involved in innate immunity, they can be factors in adaptive immunity. Given the importance of IL-1 family members in health and diseases, deciphering the role of pyroptosis in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity is of great importance, especially with the recent progress in identifying the exact mechanism of such a pathway. In this review, we will focus on how the innate inflammatory mediators can regulate the adaptive immune system and vice versa via pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Y Hachim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, and the Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bariaa A Khalil
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, and the Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha M Elemam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, and the Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, and the Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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121
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Liu Y, Tang ZZ, Zhang YM, Kong L, Xiao WF, Ma TF, Liu YW. Thrombin/PAR-1 activation induces endothelial damages via NLRP1 inflammasome in gestational diabetes. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113849. [PMID: 32059841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of progressing to type 2 DM and cardiovascular disease; however, the pathogenesis is still poorly understood. This study was to investigate roles of thrombin and its receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) and NLRP1 inflammasome in endothelial injury in GDM condition. Umbilical cord and plasma of GDM patients and high glucose (HG) cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to examine the pathological changes of these pathways. Meanwhile, ameliorative effects and potential mechanisms of a natural product sarsasapogenin (Sar) were investigated in HUVECs. Thrombin/PAR-1 pathway, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) axis, and the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome were activated in GDM condition and HG-cultured HUVECs, accompanied by endothelial injury (decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release). Nevertheless, thrombin inhibition or PAR-1 antagonism caused decreases in AGEs formation and RAGE expression in HG-cultured HUVECs, while AGEs inhibition or RAGE antagonism declined PAR-1 expression not thrombin activity. Furthermore, thrombin inhibition or PAR-1 antagonism restrained NLRP1 inflammasome activation in HG-cultured HUVECs; meanwhile, NLRP1 expression and interleukin 18 levels were remarkably reduced in HG-cultured HUVECs after PAR-1 knockdown. Interestingly, Sar co-treatment could suppress thrombin/PAR-1 pathway, NLRP1 inflammasome, and AGEs/RAGE axis. Together, endothelial damages in GDM were likely due to enhanced interaction between AGEs/RAGE axis and thrombin/PAR-1 pathway, followed by NLRP1 inflammasome activation. Moreover, Sar may act as a protective agent against endothelial injury in chronic HG condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Fen Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Teng-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao-Wu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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122
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Chetaille Nézondet AL, Poubelle PE, Pelletier M. The evaluation of cytokines to help establish diagnosis and guide treatment of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:647-657. [PMID: 32040246 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr0120-218rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of the role of cytokines in pathologic conditions has increased considerably with the emergence of molecular and genetic studies, particularly in the case of autoinflammatory monogenic diseases. Many rare disorders, considered orphan until recently, are directly related to abnormal gene regulation, and the treatment with biologic agents (biologics) targeting cytokine receptors, intracellular signaling or specific cytokines improve the symptoms of an increasing number of chronic inflammatory diseases. As it is currently impossible to systematically conduct genetic studies for all patients with autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, the evaluation of cytokines can be seen as a simple, less time consuming, and less expensive alternative. This approach could be especially useful when the diagnosis of syndromes of diseases of unknown etiology remains problematic. The evaluation of cytokines could also help avoid the current trial-and-error approach, which has the disadvantages of exposing patients to ineffective drugs with possible unnecessary side effects and permanent organ damages. In this review, we discuss the various possibilities, as well as the limitations of evaluating the cytokine profiles of patients suffering from autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, with methods such as direct detection of cytokines in the plasma/serum or following ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs leading to the production of their cytokine secretome. The patients' secretome, combined with biomarkers ranging from genetic and epigenetic analyses to immunologic biomarkers, may help not only the diagnosis but also guide the choice of biologics for more efficient and rapid treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Chetaille Nézondet
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Reproduction, Mother and Youth Health Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrice E Poubelle
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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123
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Olcum M, Tastan B, Kiser C, Genc S, Genc K. Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation in multiple sclerosis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 119:247-308. [PMID: 31997770 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune and neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mediated by autoreactive T cells directed against myelin antigens. Although the crucial role of adaptive immunity is well established in MS, the contribution of innate immunity has only recently been appreciated. Microglia are the main innate immune cells of the CNS. Similar to other myeloid cells, microglia recognize both exogenous and host-derived endogenous danger signals through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) localized on their cell surface such as Toll Like receptor 4, or in the cytosol such as NLRP3. The second one is the sensor protein of the multi-molecular NLRP3 inflammasome complex in activated microglia that promotes the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. Overactivation of microglia and aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome have been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS. Indeed, experimental data, together with post-mortem and clinical studies have revealed an increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome complex elements in microglia and other immune cells. In this review, we focus on microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MS. First, we overview the basic knowledge about MS, microglia and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Then, we summarize studies about microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MS and its animal models. We also highlight experimental therapeutic approaches that target different steps of NLRP inflammasome activation. Finally, we discuss future research avenues and new methods in this rapidly evolving area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Olcum
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bora Tastan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cagla Kiser
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health and Science, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kursad Genc
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health and Science, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
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124
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Zhang H, Zhai JY, Du HB, Zhang LM, Li LF, Bian AQ, Jiang LN, Zhao ZG. Mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates hemorrhagic shock-induced spleen injury and inflammation. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900903. [PMID: 31778525 PMCID: PMC6887095 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190090000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of mesenteric lymph drainage on the spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in splenic tissue in mice following hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Male C57 mice were randomly divided into the sham shock, shock and shock+drainage groups. The mice in both shock and shock+drainage groups suffered femoral artery bleeding, maintained mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40±2 mmHg for 90 min, and were resuscitated. And mesenteric lymph drainage was performed in the shock+drainage group at the time of resuscitation. After three hours of resuscitation, the splenic tissues were harvested for the histological observation and protein and mRNA expression analysis of cytokines. RESULTS The spleen in the shock group revealed a significantly structural damage and increased mRNA expressions of MyD88 and TRAF6 and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF3 compared to the sham group. By contrast, the splenic pathological injury in the shock+drainage group was alleviated significantly, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF3 and TRAF6 were significantly lower than those in the shock group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates hemorrhagic shock-induced spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; statistics analysis; histopathological examinations; manuscript writing
| | - Jia-Yi Zhai
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Acquisition of data, technical procedures, statistics analysis
| | - Hui-Bo Du
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Technical procedures
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Technical procedures
| | - Lin-Feng Li
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Technical procedures
| | - An-Qi Bian
- MB, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Technical procedures
| | - Li-Na Jiang
- PhD, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, technical procedures, critical revision
| | - Zi-Gang Zhao
- PhD, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation, critical revision, final approval
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125
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Kleinveld DJ, Tuip-de Boer AM, Hollmann MW, Juffermans NP. Early increase in anti-inflammatory biomarkers is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in severely injured trauma patients. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2019; 4:e000343. [PMID: 31750398 PMCID: PMC6827752 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a result of improvements in the early resuscitation phase of trauma, mortality is largely driven by later mortality due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which may be mediated by an early overdrive in the host immune response. If patients at risk for MODS could be identified early, preventive treatment measures could be taken. The aim of this study is to investigate whether specific biomarkers are associated with MODS. Methods Multiple trauma patients presenting to the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, between 2012 and 2018 with an Injury Severity Score of 16 or higher were sampled on arrival at the emergency department. A wide variety of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial and lung-specific markers were determined. Comparisons were made between patients with and without MODS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations between specific biomarkers and MODS. A p value of 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results In total, 147 multiple trauma patients were included. Of these, 32 patients developed MODS (21.7%). Patients who developed MODS were more severely injured, had more traumatic brain injury and showed more deranged markers of coagulation when compared with patients without MODS. Overall, both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with MODS, indicative of a host immune reaction. In the multivariate analysis, the combination of anti-inflammatory proteins interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) (OR 1.27 (1.07–1.51), p=0.002) and Clara cell protein 16 (CC-16) (1.06 (1.01–1.05), p=0.031) was most strongly associated with the development MODS. Conclusions In trauma, anti-inflammatory proteins IL-1RA and CC-16 have the potential to early identify patients at risk for development of MODS. Further research is warranted to prospectively validate these results. Level of evidence Prognostic study, level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Jb Kleinveld
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita M Tuip-de Boer
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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126
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Kerr N, de Rivero Vaccari JP, Dietrich WD, Keane RW. Neural-respiratory inflammasome axis in traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113080. [PMID: 31626746 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Approximately 20-25% of TBI subjects develop Acute Lung Injury (ALI), but the pathomechanisms of TBI-induced ALI remain poorly defined. Currently, mechanical ventilation is the only therapeutic intervention for TBI-induced lung injury. Our recent studies have shown that the inflammasome plays an important role in the systemic inflammatory response leading to lung injury-post TBI. Here, we outline the role of the extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated inflammasome signaling in the etiology of TBI-induced ALI. Furthermore, we evaluate the efficacy of a low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin, a blocker of EV uptake) and a monoclonal antibody against apoptosis speck-like staining protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (anti-ASC) as therapeutics for TBI-induced lung injury. We demonstate that activation of an EV-mediated Neural-Respiratory Inflammasome Axis plays an essential role in TBI-induced lung injury and disruption of this axis has therapeutic potential as a treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Kerr
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, United States of America; Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, United States of America
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, United States of America; Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, United States of America
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, United States of America; Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, United States of America
| | - Robert W Keane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, United States of America; Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School fo Medicine, 1600 NW10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America.
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127
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Li F, Wang X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Gao P. Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Neuroinflammatory-Induced Apoptosis after Traumatic Brain Injury via Nrf2 signaling pathway. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1825-1835. [PMID: 31478596 PMCID: PMC6764501 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dexmedetomidine (DEX) exhibits neuroprotective effects as a multifunctional neuroprotective agent in numerous neurological disorders. However, in traumatic brain injury (TBI), the molecular mechanisms of these neuroprotective effects remain unclear. The present study investigated whether DEX, which has been reported to exert protective effects against TBI, could attenuate neuroinflammatory‐induced apoptosis and clarified the underlying mechanisms. Methods A weight‐drop model was established, and DEX was intraperitoneally injected 30 min after inducing TBI in rats. The water content in the brain tissue was measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) assays were performed on histopathological tissue sections to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and PCR were applied to detect the levels of the inflammatory factors, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and NF‐κB. Results TBI–challenged rats exhibited significant neuronal apoptosis, which was characterized via the wet‐to‐dry weight ratio, neurobehavioral functions, TUNEL assay results and the levels of cleaved caspase‐3, Bax upregulation and Bcl‐2, which were attenuated by DEX. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and PCR results revealed that DEX promoted Nrf2 expression and upregulated expression of the Nrf2 downstream factors, HO‐1 and NQO‐1. Furthermore, DEX treatment markedly prevented the downregulation of inflammatory response factors, TNF‐α, IL‐1β and NF‐κB, and IL‐6. Interpretation Administering DEX attenuated inflammation‐induced brain injury in a TBI model, potentially via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, 223002, Jiangsu, China
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Liu T, Tang L, Tang H, Pu J, Gong S, Fang D, Zhang H, Li YP, Zhu X, Wang W, Wu M, Liao Y, Li C, Zhou H, Huang X. Zika Virus Infection Induces Acute Kidney Injury Through Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome Via Suppressing Bcl-2. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1925. [PMID: 31474993 PMCID: PMC6702322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a newly emerging flavivirus that broadly exhibits in various bodily tissues and fluids, especially in the brain, and ZIKV infection often causes microcephaly. Previous studies have been reported that ZIKV can infect renal cells and can be detected in the urine samples of infected individuals. However, whether ZIKV infection causes renal diseases and its pathogenic mechanisms remains unknown. Here, we identified that ZIKV infection resulted in acute kidney injury (AKI) in both newborn and adult mouse models by increasing the levels of AKI-related biomarkers [e.g., serum creatinine (Scr), kidney injury molecular-1 (Kim-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)]. ZIKV infection triggered the inflammatory response and renal cell injury by activating Nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and secreting interleukin-1β (IL-1β). IL-1β inhibited aquaporins expression and led to water re-absorption disorder. Furthermore, ZIKV infection induced a decreased expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in the kidney. Overexpression of Bcl-2 attenuated ZIKV-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in renal cells and down-regulated PARP/caspase-3-mediated renal apoptosis. Overall, our findings demonstrated that ZIKV infection induced AKI by activating NLRP3 inflammasome and apoptosis through suppressing Bcl-2 expression, which provided potential therapeutic targets for ZIKV-associated renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lantian Tang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Pu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danyun Fang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Liao
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Blockade of Stellate Ganglion Remediates Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction. J Surg Res 2019; 244:69-76. [PMID: 31279996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute hemorrhage-induced excessive excitation of sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system (SAS) leads to gut hypoperfusion and barrier dysfunction, which is a critical event during hemorrhagic shock-induced multiple organ injury. Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) has been widely used for suppression of sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system in the clinical practice. However, whether SGB improves intestinal barrier function after hemorrhagic shock remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that the implementation of SGB restores intestinal barrier function and reduces gut injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats received the SGB pretreatment and underwent hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation. The 96-h survival rate, intestinal permeability and morphology, D-lactic acid concentration and diamine oxidase activity in plasma, and expressions of F-actin, Claudin-1, and E-cadherin in intestinal tissues were observed. RESULTS Pretreatment with SGB significantly enhances the 96-h survival rate in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock (from 8.3% to 66.7%). Hemorrhagic shock reduced the coverage scale of intestinal mucus and intestinal villus width and height, enhanced the intestinal permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 and D-lactic acid concentration in plasma, and decreased the expressions of F-actin, Claudin-1, and E-Cadherin in intestinal tissue. These hemorrhagic shock-induced adverse effects were abolished by SGB treatment. CONCLUSIONS SGB treatment has a beneficial effect during hemorrhagic shock, which is associated with the improvement of intestine barrier function. SGB may be considered as a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
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130
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Asghari N, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Moghadamnia AA, Abdollahi M. NLRP inflammasome as a key role player in the pathogenesis of environmental toxicants. Life Sci 2019; 231:116585. [PMID: 31226415 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants (ET) results in specific organ damage and auto-immune diseases, mostly mediated by inflammatory responses. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been found to be the major initiator of the associated pathologic inflammation. It has been found that ETs can trigger all the signals required for an NLRP3-mediated response. The exaggerated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its end product IL-1β, is responsible for the pathogenesis caused by many ETs including pesticides, organic pollutants, heavy metals, and crystalline compounds. Therefore, an extensive study of these chemicals and their mechanisms of inflammasome (INF) activation may provide the scientific evidence for possible targeting of this pathway by proposing possible protective agents that have been previously shown to affect INF compartments and its activation. Melatonin and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are among the safest and the most studied of these agents, which affect a wide variety of cellular and physiological processes. These molecules have been shown to suppress the NLRP3 inflammasome mostly through the regulation of cellular redox status and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, rendering them potential promising compounds to overcome ET-mediated organ damage. In the present review, we have made an effort to extensively review the ETs that exert their pathogenesis via the stimulation of inflammation, their precise mechanisms of action and the possible protective agents that could be potentially used to protect against such toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Asghari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Servià L, Jové M, Sol J, Pamplona R, Badia M, Montserrat N, Portero-Otin M, Trujillano J. A prospective pilot study using metabolomics discloses specific fatty acid, catecholamine and tryptophan metabolic pathways as possible predictors for a negative outcome after severe trauma. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2019; 27:56. [PMID: 31118076 PMCID: PMC6530007 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-019-0631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We wanted to define metabolomic patterns in plasma to predict a negative outcome in severe trauma patients. Methods A prospective pilot study was designed to evaluate plasma metabolomic patterns, established by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, in patients allocated to an intensive care unit (in the University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain) in the first hours after a severe trauma (n = 48). Univariate and multivariate statistics were employed to establish potential predictors of mortality. Results Plasma of patients non surviving to trauma (n = 5) exhibited a discriminating metabolomic pattern, involving basically metabolites belonging to fatty acid and catecholamine synthesis as well as tryptophan degradation pathways. Thus, concentration of several metabolites exhibited an area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) higher than 0.84, including 3-indolelactic acid, hydroxyisovaleric acid, phenylethanolamine, cortisol, epinephrine and myristic acid. Multivariate binary regression logistic revealed that patients with higher myristic acid concentrations had a non-survival odds ratio of 2.1 (CI 95% 1.1–3.9). Conclusions Specific fatty acids, catecholamine synthesis and tryptophan degradation pathways could be implicated in a negative outcome after trauma. The metabolomic study of severe trauma patients could be helpful for biomarker proposal. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13049-019-0631-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Servià
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Badia
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Neus Montserrat
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Javier Trujillano
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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132
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Tezcan G, Martynova EV, Gilazieva ZE, McIntyre A, Rizvanov AA, Khaiboullina SF. MicroRNA Post-transcriptional Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Immunopathologies. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:451. [PMID: 31118894 PMCID: PMC6504709 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has a crucial role in protection against various pathogens. The inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein signaling complex that is linked to pathogen sensing and initiation of the inflammatory response in physiological and pathological conditions. The most characterized inflammasome is the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is a known sensor of cell stress and is tightly regulated in resting cells. However, altered regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is found in several pathological conditions, including autoimmune disease and cancer. NLRP3 expression was shown to be post-transcriptionally regulated and multiple miRNA have been implicated in post-transcriptional regulation of the inflammasome. Therefore, in recent years, miRNA based post-transcriptional control of NLRP3 has become a focus of much research, especially as a potential therapeutic approach. In this review, we provide a summary of the recent investigations on the role of miRNA in the post-transcriptional control of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key regulator of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-18 cytokine production. Current approaches to targeting the inflammasome product were shown to be an effective treatment for diseases linked to NLRP3 overexpression. Although utilizing NLRP3 targeting miRNAs was shown to be a successful therapeutic approach in several animal models, their therapeutic application in patients remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Tezcan
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Zarema E. Gilazieva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alan McIntyre
- Centre for Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States
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133
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Novgorodov SA, Voltin JR, Wang W, Tomlinson S, Riley CL, Gudz TI. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency protects mitochondria and improves function recovery after brain injury. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:609-623. [PMID: 30662008 PMCID: PMC6399498 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m091132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and a prominent risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The expansion of nervous tissue damage after the initial trauma involves a multifactorial cascade of events, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and deregulation of sphingolipid metabolism that further mitochondrial dysfunction and secondary brain damage. Here, we show that a posttranscriptional activation of an acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a key enzyme of the sphingolipid recycling pathway, resulted in a selective increase of sphingosine in mitochondria during the first week post-TBI that was accompanied by reduced activity of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase and activation of the Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. TBI-induced mitochondrial abnormalities were rescued in the brains of ASM KO mice, which demonstrated improved behavioral deficit recovery compared with WT mice. Furthermore, an elevated autophagy in an ASM-deficient brain at the baseline and during the development of secondary brain injury seems to foster the preservation of mitochondria and brain function after TBI. Of note, ASM deficiency attenuated the early stages of reactive astrogliosis progression in an injured brain. These findings highlight the crucial role of ASM in governing mitochondrial dysfunction and brain-function impairment, emphasizing the importance of sphingolipids in the neuroinflammatory response to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Novgorodov
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Joshua R Voltin
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Wenxue Wang
- Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | | | - Tatyana I Gudz
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center Charleston, SC 29401
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134
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Grau V, Richter K, Hone AJ, McIntosh JM. Conopeptides [V11L;V16D]ArIB and RgIA4: Powerful Tools for the Identification of Novel Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Monocytes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1499. [PMID: 30687084 PMCID: PMC6338043 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Venomous marine snails of the genus Conus employ small peptides to capture prey, mainly osteichthyes, mollusks, and worms. A subset of these peptides known as α-conotoxins, are antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These disulfide-rich peptides provide a large number of evolutionarily refined templates that can be used to develop conopeptides that are highly selective for the various nAChR subtypes. Two such conopeptides, namely [V11L;V16D]ArIB and RgIA4, have been engineered to selectively target mammalian α7∗ and α9∗ nAChRs, respectively, and have been used to study the functional roles of these subtypes in immune cells. Unlike in neurons and cochlear hair cells, where α7∗ and α9∗ nAChRs, respectively, function as ligand-gated ion channels, in immune cells ligand-evoked ion currents have not been demonstrated. Instead, different metabotropic functions of α7∗ and α9∗ nAChRs have been described in monocytic cells including the inhibition of ATP-induced ion currents, inflammasome activation, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release. In addition to conventional nAChR agonists, diverse compounds containing a phosphocholine group inhibit monocytic IL-1β release and include dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, phosphocholine-decorated lipooligosaccharides from Haemophilus influenzae, synthetic phosphocholine-modified bovine serum albumin, and the phosphocholine-binding C-reactive protein. In monocytic cells, the effects of [V11L;V16D]ArIB and RgIA4 suggested that activation of nAChRs containing α9, α7, and/or α10 subunits inhibits ATP-induced IL-1β release. These results have been corroborated utilizing gene-deficient mice and small interfering RNA. Targeted re-engineering of native α-conotoxins has resulted in excellent tools for nAChR research as well as potential therapeutics. ∗indicates possible presence of additional subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Arik J Hone
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Walker PF, Foster AD, Rothberg PA, Davis TA, Bradley MJ. Tranexamic acid decreases rodent hemorrhagic shock-induced inflammation with mixed end-organ effects. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208249. [PMID: 30496326 PMCID: PMC6264800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond its anti-fibrinolytic mechanism, tranexamic acid has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory properties which may contribute to the survival benefit it provides to trauma patients. The objective of this study was to assess possible immunomodulatory effects of tranexamic acid as well as potential amelioration of end-organ injury in a rodent hemorrhagic shock model. Controlled hemorrhagic shock was induced in adult Sprague Dawley rats to a mean arterial pressure of 30 mmHg. Groups of 10 rats were administered intravenous tranexamic acid (300mg/kg) or vehicle control (normal saline) intravenously 15 minutes after the induction of shock. After 60 minutes of hemorrhagic shock, resuscitation was started. Animals were euthanized at six, 24, or 72 hours from the start of shock. Serum laboratory values to include inflammatory biomarkers were measured, and end organ histology was evaluated. Tranexamic acid treatment was associated with a significant decrease in serum IL-1β at six and 24 hours and IL-10 at 24 hours from start of shock compared to vehicle control. Histologic analysis demonstrated mild decreases in both perivascular pulmonary edema and follicular mesenteric lymph node hyperplasia in the tranexamic acid treatment group but also increased myocardial lymphocytic infiltration with necrosis and degeneration. Tranexamic acid was also associated with a small but significant increase in peripheral neutrophil count as well as a significant decrease in neutrophil aggregation in pulmonary tissue at six hours post-injury. These data thus demonstrate a mixed effect of tranexamic acid. While there was an improvement in pulmonary edema and a suppressive effect on several key inflammatory mediators, there was also increased myocardial degeneration and necrosis, which is possibly related to the pro-thrombotic effect of tranexamic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick F. Walker
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Anthony D. Foster
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Philip A. Rothberg
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Davis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Bradley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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