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Celorio-Sardà R, Comas-Basté O, Latorre-Moratalla ML, Zerón-Rugerio MF, Urpi-Sarda M, Illán-Villanueva M, Farran-Codina A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Vidal-Carou MDC. Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Dietary Habits and Lifestyle of Food Science Students and Professionals from Spain. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051494. [PMID: 33924965 PMCID: PMC8146598 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, forcing countries around the world to confine their population to halt the rapid spread of the virus. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in dietary habits and lifestyle during the COVID-19 lockdown a specific population with academic and professional knowledge in food sciences from Spain. An online questionnaire, based on 41 items, including sociodemographic data, dietary habits, food-related behaviors, and lifestyle were distributed using academic and institutional mailing lists and social media. Results showed a higher intake of fruit and vegetables, legumes, eggs, fish, and yogurt together with a decrease in consumption of alcoholic beverages between before and during the lockdown period. Nevertheless, an increase in consumption of some fruitive foods and an increase in self-reported weight were also observed, although in lower percentages than in other populations. A worse sleep quality and an increase in working hours and sitting time were also reported. Overall, trends towards healthier dietary habits were observed within the study sample during COVID-19 confinement period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Celorio-Sardà
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Federación Española de Dietistas-Nutricionistas Universitarios (FEDNU), C/Doctor Fleming, 53-PTA. 8. 46470 Albal, Spain
- Associació Catalana de Ciències de l’Alimentació (ACCA), Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC), C/del Carme 47, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Comas-Basté
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Associació Catalana de Ciències de l’Alimentació (ACCA), Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC), C/del Carme 47, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Associació Catalana de Científics i Tecnòlegs dels Aliments, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Associació Catalana de Ciències de l’Alimentació (ACCA), Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC), C/del Carme 47, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Associació Catalana de Científics i Tecnòlegs dels Aliments, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Mireia Urpi-Sarda
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28028 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Illán-Villanueva
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreu Farran-Codina
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Vidal-Carou
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (R.C.-S.); (O.C.-B.); (M.L.L.-M.); (M.F.Z.-R.); (M.U.-S.); (M.I.-V.); (A.F.-C.); (M.I.-P.)
- Associació Catalana de Ciències de l’Alimentació (ACCA), Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC), C/del Carme 47, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-031-984
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102
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Asensio-Cuesta S, Blanes-Selva V, Conejero JA, Frigola A, Portolés MG, Merino-Torres JF, Rubio Almanza M, Syed-Abdul S, Li YCJ, Vilar-Mateo R, Fernandez-Luque L, García-Gómez JM. A User-Centered Chatbot (Wakamola) to Collect Linked Data in Population Networks to Support Studies of Overweight and Obesity Causes: Design and Pilot Study. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e17503. [PMID: 33851934 PMCID: PMC8087340 DOI: 10.2196/17503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight are a serious health problem worldwide with multiple and connected causes. Simultaneously, chatbots are becoming increasingly popular as a way to interact with users in mobile health apps. OBJECTIVE This study reports the user-centered design and feasibility study of a chatbot to collect linked data to support the study of individual and social overweight and obesity causes in populations. METHODS We first studied the users' needs and gathered users' graphical preferences through an open survey on 52 wireframes designed by 150 design students; it also included questions about sociodemographics, diet and activity habits, the need for overweight and obesity apps, and desired functionality. We also interviewed an expert panel. We then designed and developed a chatbot. Finally, we conducted a pilot study to test feasibility. RESULTS We collected 452 answers to the survey and interviewed 4 specialists. Based on this research, we developed a Telegram chatbot named Wakamola structured in six sections: personal, diet, physical activity, social network, user's status score, and project information. We defined a user's status score as a normalized sum (0-100) of scores about diet (frequency of eating 50 foods), physical activity, BMI, and social network. We performed a pilot to evaluate the chatbot implementation among 85 healthy volunteers. Of 74 participants who completed all sections, we found 8 underweight people (11%), 5 overweight people (7%), and no obesity cases. The mean BMI was 21.4 kg/m2 (normal weight). The most consumed foods were olive oil, milk and derivatives, cereals, vegetables, and fruits. People walked 10 minutes on 5.8 days per week, slept 7.02 hours per day, and were sitting 30.57 hours per week. Moreover, we were able to create a social network with 74 users, 178 relations, and 12 communities. CONCLUSIONS The Telegram chatbot Wakamola is a feasible tool to collect data from a population about sociodemographics, diet patterns, physical activity, BMI, and specific diseases. Besides, the chatbot allows the connection of users in a social network to study overweight and obesity causes from both individual and social perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Asensio-Cuesta
- Instituto de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Blanes-Selva
- Instituto de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Alberto Conejero
- Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Frigola
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel G Portolés
- Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Matilde Rubio Almanza
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital La Fe, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Shabbir Syed-Abdul
- International Center for Health Information Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Jack Li
- International Center for Health Information Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruth Vilar-Mateo
- Unidad Mixta de Tic aplicadas a la reingeniería de procesos socio-sanitarios, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Juan M García-Gómez
- Instituto de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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103
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Pertuz-Cruz SL, Molina-Montes E, Rodríguez-Pérez C, Guerra-Hernández EJ, Cobos de Rangel OP, Artacho R, Verardo V, Ruiz-Lopez MD, García-Villanova B. Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:644800. [PMID: 33912582 PMCID: PMC8072011 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.644800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of coronavirus SARS-Cov2 (COVID-19) confinement measures in Colombia on the dietary behaviors of a large population sample, at national and regional levels. A survey was conducted to assess dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 confinement. The survey involved 2,745 participants, aged 18 years or older, from six regions of the country (Atlántica, Bogotá, Central, Oriental, Orinoquía and Amazonía, and Pacífica). Dietary intake of foods and foods groups in grams per day before and during the confinement was estimated by considering standard serving sizes of foods. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze differences between the regions with regard to dietary behavior changes during the confinement. Differences were deemed significant at p-value < 0.05. Dietary patterns (DPs) before and during the confinement were derived from principal component analysis. Certain dietary habits were adopted by the study population during the confinement (e.g., higher frequency of snacking and home cooking), with significant differences by regions with regard to these habits, as well as regarding culinary processes. The levels of consumption of several foods also changed during the confinement, nationally and regionally. We identified three DPs before the confinement (protein-rich, carbohydrate-rich, and sugar foods patterns) and four DPs during the confinement (westernized, carbohydrate-rich, protein-rich, fish and fruits-vegetable patterns), with an explained total variance of 33 and 45%, respectively. The profile of these DPs varied to some extent between the regions; their adherence to each DP also varied (p-value < 0.001). Our results show that there were marked differences by regions in the dietary behaviors of this population during the confinement, with an overall trend toward unhealthier DPs. These results may help to shape public health nutrition interventions in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic and in a post-COVID stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Pertuz-Cruz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Esther Molina-Montes
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain
| | | | - Olga P Cobos de Rangel
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Reyes Artacho
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ruiz-Lopez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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104
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Sulejmani E, Hyseni A, Xhabiri G, Rodríguez-Pérez C. Relationship in dietary habits variations during COVID-19 lockdown in Kosovo: The COVIDiet study. Appetite 2021; 164:105244. [PMID: 33848591 PMCID: PMC8035802 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Changes in dietary habits and association with lifestyle during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in the Kosovo population have not been studied yet. Therefore, the intent of the present study was to determine whether if COVID-19 lockdown had any impact in lifestyle, including dietary habits and physical activity (PA) patterns of people from different areas of Kosovo. Dietary habits, PA, body weight and sociodemographic variables were measured through validated online survey started one week after lockdown decision and lasted for next two month (May and June 2020). Six hundred eighty-nine participants (women 79% and men 21%) aged between 20 and 65 years from the Kosovo territory participated in the research. Multivariate models showed that participants in family home residence, participants from Gjilan, participants female and participants with professional educations reported a higher likelihood of turning into a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) (OR: 6.09, 5.25, 5.17, 4.19, respectively). The weight gained during the lockdown was positively associated with a higher cooking frequency (OR; 2.90, p < 0.01), lower meat and fish consumption (OR; 1.15, p = 0.02; OR; 1.04, p = 0.04, respectively), higher fast-food consumption (OR; 0.49, p = 0.02) and no physical activity performance (OR; 0.43, p = 0.02) during the COVID-19 lockdown. The dietary habits during COVID-19 lockdown could be related to the improvements in adherence to the MedDiet and physical activities that may minimize related health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Sulejmani
- Department of Food Technology, University of Tetova, 1200, Tetovo, North Macedonia.
| | - Arjeta Hyseni
- Department of Food Technology, University of Tetova, 1200, Tetovo, North Macedonia; Food and Veterinary Agency, Kosovo
| | - Gafur Xhabiri
- Department of Food Technology, University of Tetova, 1200, Tetovo, North Macedonia
| | - Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, 52001, Melilla, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'José Mataix', University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, Ibs, 18012, Granada, Spain
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105
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Hawkes C, Squires CG. A double-duty food systems stimulus package to build back better nutrition from COVID-19. NATURE FOOD 2021; 2:212-214. [PMID: 37118472 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Hawkes
- Centre for Food Policy, City, University of London, London, UK.
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106
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Radwan A, Radwan E, Radwan W. Eating habits among primary and secondary school students in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: A cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appetite 2021; 163:105222. [PMID: 33798621 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has a great impact on the eating habits, dietary intake, and purchasing behaviours of students. At this critical moment, there is an urgent need to identify the eating habits of school students, in particular, who live in low-income countries, during the lockdown period. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the influence of COVID-19 on the eating habits, quality and quantity of food intake among school students in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among 2398 primary and secondary school students aged 6-18 year old through an online questionnaire which included questions on socio-demographic, eating habits as well as quality and quantity of food intake. Students over the age of 11 years completed the questionnaire on their own, whereas for students under the age of 12 years, the students' guardians were instructed to answer the questionnaire on their behalf. A Wilcoxon Signed-Rank and McNemar tests were applied to perform a comparison between general dietary habits before and during COVID-19. Also, a Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to compare the median scores of food quality and quantity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic based on student's sociodemographic. RESULTS During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant increase in eating home-cooked foods (91.6%), avoiding ordering food from outside per week (93.3%) and buying groceries online (7.7%) (p < 0.001). There was a marked increase in the students reporting fear about food hygiene outside the home from 20.8% before COVID-19 to 72.9% during the COVID-19 period (p < 0.001). The results showed that the median score for food quality during the COVID-19 pandemic (11.0/6.0) was significantly higher than the before COVID-19 period (10.0, IQR = 8.0) (p < 0.001). The results revealed that the median score for food quantity before the COVID-19 pandemic (15.0, IQR = 5.0) was significantly higher than the during COVID-19 pandemic (14.0, IQR = 7.0) (p < 0.001). The results showed significant differences between the before and during COVID-19 period for food quality and quantity across socio-demographic variables (gender, age group, parent's highest level of education, monthly household income, and household size). During the COVID-19 pandemic, students from a high-income and a small size family had the highest score in terms of food quality and quantity among other counterparts when compared to other counterparts. CONCLUSION Eating habits have significantly altered among school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In spite of some good healthy habits enhanced among students, the quantity and the quality of the food was compromised. Therefore, the responsible officials at the Ministry of Education must focus on enhancing school students' awareness towards increased intake of healthy food and adopting good eating habits during the spread of pandemics and health diseases to avoid its negative effects on students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Radwan
- Faculty of Education, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine
| | - Eqbal Radwan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine; Directorate of Education-East Gaza, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, Gaza Strip, Palestine.
| | - Walaa Radwan
- Faculty of Education, Ummah Open University, Gaza Strip, Palestine
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107
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Ding D, Cheng M, Del Pozo Cruz B, Lin T, Sun S, Zhang L, Yang Q, Ma Z, Wang J, Jia Y, Shi Y. How COVID-19 lockdown and reopening affected daily steps: evidence based on 164,630 person-days of prospectively collected data from Shanghai, China. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:40. [PMID: 33731132 PMCID: PMC7968558 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 lockdowns may lead to physical inactivity, a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine: 1) the trajectory in daily step counts before, during and after the lockdown in China, and 2) the characteristics associated with the trajectories. Methods From December 2019 to July 2020, smartphone-based step counts were continuously collected in 815 Chinese adults residing in Shanghai over 202 days across three phases: before, during, and after the lockdown. Participant characteristics were reported, and height, weight and body composition measured before the lockdown. A ‘sharp’ regression discontinuity design with cluster robust standard errors was used to test the effect of the lockdown and reopening on daily steps and a linear mixed model was used to examine the characteristics associated with trajectories during the observed period. Results Based on 164,630 person-days of data, we found a sharp decline in daily step counts upon the lockdown (24/01/2020) by an average of 3796 (SE = 88) steps, followed by a significant trend of increase by 34 steps/day (SE = 2.5; p < .001) until the end of the lockdown (22/03/2020). This increasing trend continued into the reopening phase at a slower rate of 5 steps per day (SE = 2.3; p = 0.029). Those who were older, married, university educated, insufficiently active, had an ‘at risk’ body composition, and those in the control group, were slower at recovering step counts during the lockdown, and those who were older, married, without university education and with an ‘at risk’ body composition recovered step counts at a slower pace after the reopening. Conclusions Despite later increases in step counts, COVID-19 lockdown led to a sustained period of reduced physical activity, which may have adverse health implications. Governments and health professionals around the world should continue to encourage and facilitate physical activity during the pandemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01106-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Minna Cheng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tao Lin
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Shuangyuan Sun
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Qinping Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zhicong Ma
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Yingnan Jia
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Health Communication Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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108
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Physical Activity and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Spanish Employees in a Health-Promotion Program before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Sanitas-Healthy Cities Challenge. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052735. [PMID: 33800372 PMCID: PMC7967464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and a healthy diet are key factors for avoiding major noncommunicable diseases. The aim of the present study was to analyze how physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among employees participating in the Healthy Cities program have been affected during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 297 employees from 40 leading companies based in Spain, who participated in the 5th edition of the Sanitas “Healthy Cities” challenge. The participants (148 women and 149 men), aged between 24 and 63 years old (M = 42.76; SD = 7.79) completed the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) questionnaire to measure adherence to the Mediterranean diet before and during the pandemic. Pearson χ2 tests revealed that workers were more likely to show sedentary behaviors during the pandemic than before (83.5% vs. 66.7%). Additionally, they were more likely to reach high levels of PA (51.2% vs. 64%), and Wilcoxon tests revealed that energy expenditure measured in Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) was higher during the pandemic (4199.03 METs) than before (3735.32 METs), due to an increase in moderate PA. Lastly, a higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet during the pandemic (76.4%) than before (54.5%) was reported. The findings of this investigation suggest a positive effect of working from home for employees involved in a health-promotion program, and highlight the relevance of this kind of action among this population.
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109
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Halpern B, Louzada MLDC, Aschner P, Gerchman F, Brajkovich I, Faria-Neto JR, Polanco FE, Montero J, Juliá SMM, Lotufo PA, Franco OH. Obesity and COVID-19 in Latin America: A tragedy of two pandemics-Official document of the Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13165. [PMID: 33230898 PMCID: PMC7753730 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In May 2020, Latin America became the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, a region already afflicted by social disparities, poor healthcare access, inadequate nutrition and a large prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Obesity and its comorbidities are increasingly prevalent in Latin America, with a more rapid growth in individuals with lower income, and currently a disease associated with COVID-19 severity, complications and death. In this document, the Latin American Association of Obesity Societies and collaborators present a review of the burden of two pandemics in Latin America, discuss possible mechanisms that explain their relationship with each other and provide public health and individual recommendations, as well as questions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Halpern
- Executive Committee, Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies (FLASO), Executive Committee, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Obesity Group, Department of Endocrinology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Weight Control Center, Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura da Costa Louzada
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center of Epidemiology Research on Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Aschner
- Javeriana University School of Medicine, San Ignacio University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Internal Medicine Department, Post-graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Imperia Brajkovich
- Department of Internal Medicine B-School of Medicine "Luis Razetti", University Hospital of Caracas-Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - José Rocha Faria-Neto
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research (EpiCenter), School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Felix Escaño Polanco
- Executive Committee, Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies (FLASO), Executive Committee, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Julio Montero
- Executive Committee, Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies (FLASO), Executive Committee, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Executive Committee, Argentinian Society of Obesity and Alimentary Disorders, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia María Marín Juliá
- Executive Committee, Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies (FLASO), Executive Committee, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Obesity Group, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Paulo Andrade Lotufo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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110
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The Impact of Education, COVID-19 and Risk Factors on the Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052332. [PMID: 33673454 PMCID: PMC7956830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the impact of education, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and risk factors on the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS A prospective study was conducted in three phases: before education, after education, and in the period of pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The subjects were diabetics on oral therapy. To determine the quality of life index, a standardized Ferrans and Powers survey questionnaire was used. RESULTS A total of 205 participants took part in the study, of which 111 (54.1%) were men and 94 (46%) women. Participants were enrolled in the study between January 2019 and September 2020. Glycated hemoglobin values were significantly higher before education compared to post-education and at the time of COVID-19 (Friedman test, p = 0.002), and body mass index was significantly lower after education compared to values before education (Friedman test, p = 0.008). The quality of life was significantly lower in all domains in the COVID-19 period (Friedman test, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A significant predictor of worse assessment of overall quality of life was male gender and rural place of residence. Disease duration of up to 5 years was a significant predictor of worse assessment in the psychological/spiritual domain, while being married was a predictor of better assessment of the quality of life in the family domain. The education of diabetics brought an increase in the health and quality of life while the coronavirus disease pandemic had negative consequences on the same parameters. We consider it necessary to systematically educate diabetics about the comorbidity of COVID-19.
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111
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Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Weight, Eating Habits, and Physical Activity of Jordanian Children and Adolescents. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021; 16:1855-1863. [PMID: 33588981 PMCID: PMC8129676 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic affects lifestyle patterns globally and impacts children and adolescents. This study aims to assess the effect of the lockdown on body weight, eating habits, and physical activity of Jordanian youth (children and adolescents). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 477 Jordanian children and adolescents aged 6-17 y. The study tool was a structured validated questionnaire. It comprised 4 parts, including a general description of the study purpose, sociodemographic and anthropometric data, physical activity data, and food intake pattern. Questions were reported before and during lockdown. Changes in outcomes over the 2 study time points were evaluated. RESULTS After the lockdown period, the mean body weight and body mass index for age Z-scores (BAZ) showed a significant increase (P < 0.001) compared with before the lockdown period. More than 50% of the subjects reported that they spent more than 3 h in front of the screen during the lockdown. The percent of subjects who watched TV for more than 3h was increased. Moreover, physical inactivity was increased significantly during the lockdown. All food groups consumption was significantly increased during the lockdown compared to before the lockdown. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 lockdown period was characterized by an increase in the use of screen-based devices, lower physical activity, uncontrolled food intake, and weight gain.
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112
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Chew HSJ, Lopez V. Global Impact of COVID-19 on Weight and Weight-Related Behaviors in the Adult Population: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041876. [PMID: 33671943 PMCID: PMC7919006 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To provide an overview of what is known about the impact of COVID-19 on weight and weight-related behaviors. Methods: Systematic scoping review using the Arksey and O’Malley methodology. Results: A total of 19 out of 396 articles were included. All studies were conducted using online self-report surveys. The average age of respondents ranged from 19 to 47 years old, comprised of more females. Almost one-half and one-fifth of the respondents gained and lost weight during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Among articles that examined weight, diet and physical activity changes concurrently, weight gain was reported alongside a 36.3% to 59.6% increase in total food consumption and a 67.4% to 61.4% decrease in physical activities. Weight gain predictors included female sex, middle-age, increased appetite, snacking after dinner, less physical exercise, sedentary behaviors of ≥6 h/day, low water consumption and less sleep at night. Included articles did not illustrate significant associations between alcohol consumption, screen time, education, place of living and employment status, although sedentary behaviors, including screen time, did increase significantly. Conclusions: Examining behavioral differences alone is insufficient in predicting weight status. Future research could examine differences in personality and coping mechanisms to design more personalized and effective weight management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shi Jocelyn Chew
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| | - Violeta Lopez
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, China;
- School of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7005, Australia
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113
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Azoulay E, Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Yaacov H, Gilboa I, Lopez A, Sheppes T, Waksman Y, Lebenthal Y, Brener A. Weight Status and Body Composition Dynamics in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:707773. [PMID: 34291022 PMCID: PMC8287002 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.707773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The preventive measures taken in attempt to prevent COVID-19 spread lead to closure of schools and leisure time activities. The impact of the pandemic on pediatric weight status is unclear, reports from around the world predict grave consequences with increasing obesity. We aimed to examine the change in body composition parameters of children and adolescents during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: An observational study of 220 pediatric subjects (109 boys; mean current age 11.8 ± 3.3 years; 37 with underweight, 123 with normal weight, and 60 with overweight/obesity) who underwent height and body composition measurements by bioelectrical impedance analysis, Tanita MC-780MA, GMON Professional Software before and during the pandemic. Height, body mass index (BMI) and muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) z-scores were calculated. Data collected from the participants' medical files included home address for socioeconomic position calculation, pubertal stage, and self-reported sleep duration and physical activity performance. Results: The vast majority of the cohort (81.8%) had stable or improved MFR z-scores during the pandemic. MFR z-scores significantly increased in subjects with underweight (p = 0.05) and normal weight (p = 0.008), but not in subjects with overweight/obesity (p = 0.169). There were significant associations in BMI z-scores (r = 0.961, p < 0.001) and MFR z-scores (r = 0.854, p < 0.001) before and during the pandemic. A multivariate linear regression model identified socioeconomic position, pre-pandemic BMI z-scores, pre-pandemic MFR z-scores, and physical activity levels during the pandemic as predictors for delta MFR z-scores (F = 12.267, p < 0.001). Age, sex, pre-pandemic physical activity, and the time that had elapsed between initiation of the first nationwide lockdown and the BIA assessment during the pandemic did not emerge as predictors for delta MFR z-score. Conclusions: Our encouraging findings demonstrate improvement in body composition parameters of subjects with underweight and normal weight and stability in subjects with overweight/obesity. Engagement in physical activity during the pandemic predicted improvement, while lower socioeconomic position predicted deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Azoulay
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadar Yaacov
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbar Gilboa
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adar Lopez
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Sheppes
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Psychological Services, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yarden Waksman
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Lebenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avivit Brener
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated With the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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114
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Pluut H, Wonders J. Not Able to Lead a Healthy Life When You Need It the Most: Dual Role of Lifestyle Behaviors in the Association of Blurred Work-Life Boundaries With Well-Being. Front Psychol 2020; 11:607294. [PMID: 33424717 PMCID: PMC7786197 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As there is a growing trend for people to work from home, precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic, this research examines the impact of blurred work-life boundaries on lifestyle and subjective well-being. Our cross-sectional study in the Netherlands demonstrates that heightened levels of blurred work-life boundaries predict negative changes in happiness through enhanced emotional exhaustion. In addition, the findings point to a dual role of lifestyle in this process. On the one hand, we observed that healthy overall lifestyle patterns buffered employees against the detrimental effects of blurred work-life boundaries and emotional exhaustion on happiness. On the other hand, employees who experienced increases in blurring of work-life boundaries reported a deterioration in healthy lifestyle behaviors, which in turn was related to reduced happiness. Paradoxically, it seems that those who would benefit the most from a healthy lifestyle are less able to sustain health-promoting behaviors. A case for shared responsibility between employers and employees is built as we discuss the practical implications of the current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pluut
- Department of Business Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Wonders
- SMC Rijnland Fysiotherapeuten, Leiden, Netherlands
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115
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López-Moreno M, López MTI, Miguel M, Garcés-Rimón M. Physical and Psychological Effects Related to Food Habits and Lifestyle Changes Derived from Covid-19 Home Confinement in the Spanish Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3445. [PMID: 33182816 PMCID: PMC7696994 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of COVID-19, millions of households have suffered mobility restrictions and changes in their lifestyle over several months. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 home confinement on the food habits, lifestyle and emotional balance of the Spanish population. This cross-sectional study used data collected via an anonymous online questionnaire during the month before lockdown finished in Spain, with a total of 675 participants. 38.8% of the respondents experienced weight gain while 31.1% lost weight during confinement. The increase in body weight was positively correlated with age (Rs = 0.14, p < 0.05) and BMI (Rs = 0.20, p < 0.05). We also identified that 39.7% reported poorer quality sleep, positively correlated with BMI (Rs = -0.18, p < 0.05) and with age (Rs = -0.21, p < 0.05). 44.7% of the participants had not performed physical exercise during confinement with differences by sex (p < 0.05), by age (p < 0.05), by BMI (p < 0.05) and by sleep quality (p < 0.05). According to an emotional-eater questionnaire, 21.8% and 11% were classified as an emotional eater or a very emotional eater, respectively. We emphasize the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle, as the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Iglesias López
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Miguel
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marta Garcés-Rimón
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.M.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
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116
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Zupo R, Castellana F, Sardone R, Sila A, Giagulli VA, Triggiani V, Cincione RI, Giannelli G, De Pergola G. Preliminary Trajectories in Dietary Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Public Health Call to Action to Face Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7073. [PMID: 32992623 PMCID: PMC7579065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The world is currently struggling to face the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), and many countries have imposed lockdowns and recommended quarantine to limit both the spread of the virus and overwhelming demands for medical care. Direct implications include the disruption of work routines, boredom, depression, increased calorie consumption, and other similar harmful effects. The present narrative review article briefly analyzes the preliminary effects of the quarantine lifestyle from the standpoint of dietary habits. In six different databases, we searched for original articles up to 10 August 2020, assessing eating habits among populations during the COVID-19 pandemic, and recorded any change in the intake of major food categories, as well as changes in body weight. The research strategy yielded 364 articles, from which we selected 12 articles that fitted our goal. Our preliminary findings revealed a sharp rise of carbohydrates sources consumption, especially those with a high glycemic index (i.e., homemade pizza, bread, cake, and pastries), as well as more frequent snacks. A high consumption of fruits and vegetables, and protein sources, particularly pulses, was also recorded, although there was no clear peak of increase in the latter. Data concerning the consumption of junk foods lacked consistency, while there was a decreased alcohol intake and fresh fish/seafood consumption. As a possible connection, people gained body weight. Therefore, in the realistic perspective of a continuing global health emergency situation, timely preventive measures are needed to counteract obesity-related behaviors in the long-term, so as to prevent further health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Zupo
- Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.S.); (A.S.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.S.); (A.S.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.S.); (A.S.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Annamaria Sila
- Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.S.); (A.S.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine—Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Disease, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Ivan Cincione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.S.); (A.S.); (G.D.P.)
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, 70121 Bari, Italy
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117
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Sánchez-Sánchez E, Ramírez-Vargas G, Avellaneda-López Y, Orellana-Pecino JI, García-Marín E, Díaz-Jimenez J. Eating Habits and Physical Activity of the Spanish Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092826. [PMID: 32942695 PMCID: PMC7551353 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the pandemic situation caused by the COVID-19 infection, some governments have implemented house confinement measures. The objective of our study is to learn the dietary patterns, consumption, and physical activity of the Spanish population before and during the period of confinement by COVID-19. A cross-sectional descriptive study based on a questionnaire during May 2020, coinciding with the period of confinement and the step forward into Phase 1, is carried out. During confinement, the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet increases (8.0% versus 4.7%; p < 0.001). No socio-demographic variables show statistical significance (p < 0.05) regarding good adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) before and during confinement. During confinement, consumption of homemade baking shows a higher increase (0.28% versus 4.60%; p = 0.004). During confinement, the number of subjects that practice exercise decreases (29.4% versus 28.8%; p = 0.004), as well as the time spent exercising (more than an hour, 26.6% versus 14.7%, p = 0.001). Mediterranean Diet adherence slightly increases during confinement, although consumption of ‘unhealthy’ food also increases. Moreover, the number of subjects that practice physical activity, as well as the time spent on it weekly, decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez
- Punta de Europa Hospital, Algeciras, 11207 Cádiz, Spain; (G.R.-V.); (Y.A.-L.); (E.G.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-671569320
| | | | | | | | - Esperanza García-Marín
- Punta de Europa Hospital, Algeciras, 11207 Cádiz, Spain; (G.R.-V.); (Y.A.-L.); (E.G.-M.)
| | - Jara Díaz-Jimenez
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.I.O.-P.); (J.D.-J.)
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