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A-Elgadir TME, Shati AA, Alqahtani SA, Ebrahim HA, Almohaimeed HM, ShamsEldeeen AM, Haidara MA, Kamar SS, Dawood AF, El-Bidawy MH. Mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac function in diabetic rats by reducing cardiac injury biomarkers and downregulating JAK/STAT/iNOS and iNOS/Apoptosis signaling pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 591:112280. [PMID: 38797354 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are prevalent manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are usually the main cause of death. This study aims to show the underlying mechanisms of the potential therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on diabetic cardiac dysfunction. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups The control group received standard laboratory chow, and the groups with T2DM received a single dose of 45 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ) after 3 weeks of pretreatment with a high-fat diet (HFD). Eight weeks after the diagnosis of T2DM, rats were divided into two groups: the T2DM model group and the T2DM + MSCs group. BM-MSCs were administered systemically at 2 × 106 cells/rat doses. A Significant amelioration in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and dyslipidemia was noted 2 weeks post-administration of MSCs. Administration of MSCs improved dyslipidemia, the altered cardiac injury biomarkers (p ≤ 0.0001), downregulated Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)/inducible Nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and iNOS/Apoptosis signaling pathways. This was associated with improved cardiac dysfunction (impaired left ventricular performance and decreased contractility index). Our results show that MSCs ameliorate cardiac dysfunction associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy by lowering dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, inhibiting oxidative stress, and inflammation, downregulating JAK2/STAT3/iNOS and iNOS/Apoptosis signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayed A Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Aboud Alqahtani
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasnaa A Ebrahim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M ShamsEldeeen
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samaa S Kamar
- Department of Histology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Histology, Armed Forces College of Medicine
| | - Amal F Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud H El-Bidawy
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of BMS, Physiology Division, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Khaled N, Ibrahim N, Ali AE, Youssef FS, El-Ahmady SH. LC-qTOF-MS/MS phytochemical profiling of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex DC.) Standl. leaf and assessment of its neuroprotective potential in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118292. [PMID: 38705428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tabebuia impetiginosa (Bignoniaceae) was traditionally used for memory enhancement and central nervous system (CNS) stimulation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to create a metabolic profile of the ethyl acetate fraction of T. impetiginosa (TEF) and investigate for the first time its neuroprotective potential on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced chemobrain, validating its traditional use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Metabolite profiling of TEF was performed using Liquid Chromatography coupled with Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass/Mass Spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS/MS). For the in vivo study, CP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to induce cognitive impairment in rats; TEF (30 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered throughout the 14 days of the experiment to assess its role in mitigating CP-induced neuronal deficits. Behavioral tests including locomotor, Y-maze, and passive avoidance tests were conducted. Additionally, biochemical markers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and caspase-3 immunoexpression were assessed in the hippocampus area. RESULTS Forty-four phytoconstituents were tentatively identified in TEF, mainly iridoids and organic acids. TEF showed significant memory enhancement as evidenced by the increase in step-through latency in the passive avoidance test by 1.5 folds and the increase in sequence alternation percentage (SAP) in the Y-maze test by 67.3%, as compared to CP-group. Moreover, it showed pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials evidenced by the significant elevation in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels by 80% and a pronounced decline in MDA and TNF-α levels by 24% and 45%, respectively relative to the CP group. TEF treatment restored normal hippocampal histological features and attenuated apoptotic caspase-3 expression by 70% compared to the CP group. CONCLUSIONS TEF can act as a promising natural scaffold in managing the chemobrain induced by CP in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma Khaled
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Nehal Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Alaa E Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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103
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Yildirim O, Barman D, Chung M, Stone S, Geißen R, Boby ML, Sherborne BS, Tan DS. Design and synthesis of a library of C8-substituted sulfamidoadenosines to probe bacterial permeability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 110:129844. [PMID: 38851357 PMCID: PMC11361631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria pose a major challenge in antibiotic drug discovery because their cell envelope presents a permeability barrier that affords high intrinsic resistance to small-molecule drugs. The identification of correlations between chemical structure and Gram-negative permeability would thus enable development of predictive tools to facilitate antibiotic discovery. Toward this end, have advanced a library design paradigm in which various chemical scaffolds are functionalized at different regioisomeric positions using a uniform reagent set. This design enables decoupling of scaffold, regiochemistry, and substituent effects upon Gram-negative permeability of these molecules. Building upon our recent synthesis of a library of C2-substituted sulfamidoadenosines, we have now developed an efficient synthetic route to an analogous library of regioisomeric C8-substituted congeners. The C8 library samples a region of antibiotic-relevant chemical space that is similar to that addressed by the C2 library, but distinct from that sampled by a library of analogously substituted oxazolidinones. Selected molecules were tested for accumulation in Escherichia coli in a pilot analysis, setting the stage for full comparative evaluation of these libraries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Yildirim
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dipti Barman
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mia Chung
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samantha Stone
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Raphael Geißen
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Doctoral Program, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Melissa L Boby
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Derek S Tan
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Research Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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104
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Jia F, Du L, He J, Zhang Z, Hou X, Dong Q, Bian Z, Zhao L. Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang strengthens intestinal feedback control of bile acid synthesis to ameliorate irritable bowel syndrome by enhancing bile salt hydrolase-expressing microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118256. [PMID: 38677571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A herbal formula Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF) is traditionally used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), modern pharmacological evidence supports that the formula efficacy is associated with altered gut microbiota. Yet, the mechanistic role of gut microbiota in the therapy of TXYF remains unclear. We previously clarified that gut microbiota-dysregulated bile acid (BA) metabolism contribute to the pathogenesis of IBS, deriving a hypothesis that microbiota-BA metabolic axis might be a potential target of TXYF. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to investigate a new gut microbiota-mediated mechanism underlying anti-IBS efficacy of TXYF. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established an IBS rat model with a combination of stressors, compared the herbal efficacy in models undergone gut bacterial manipulations, also examined BA metabolism-related microbiota, metabolites, genes and proteins by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, targeted metabolomics, qPCR and multiplex immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS We observed that TXYF attenuated visceral hyperalgesia and diarrhea in IBS rats but not in those underwent gut bacteria depletion. Transferring gut microbiota from TXYF-treated donors also decreased visceral sensitivity and slightly relief diarrhea-like behaviors in IBS recipient rats. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that TXYF modulated microbial β-diversity and taxonomic structure of IBS rats, with a significant increase in relative abundance of bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-expressing Bacteroidaceae. qPCR and culturing data validated that TXYF had a promotive effect on the growth and BSH activity of Bacteroides species. TXYF-reshaped microbiota upregulated the expression of intestinal Fgf15, a feedback signal to control BA synthesis in the liver. As a result, the BA synthetic and excretory levels in IBS rats were decreased by TXYF, so as that colonic BA membrane receptor Tgr5 sensing and its mediated Calcitonin gene-related peptide (Cgrp)-positive neuronal response were attenuated. CONCLUSION This study poses a new microbiota-driven therapeutic action for TXYF, highlighting the potential of developing new anti-IBS strategies from the herbal formula targeting BSH-expressing gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjing Jia
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqing Du
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchao He
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaozhou Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinjun Dong
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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105
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Zhang Q, Xiang S, Chen X, Rong Y, Huang L, Chen Z, Yao K, Chen W, Deng C, Wang J. Irisin attenuates acute glaucoma-induced neuroinflammation by activating microglia-integrin αVβ5/AMPK and promoting autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112545. [PMID: 38955026 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, characterized by microglial activation and the release of multiple inflammatory mediators, is a key factor in acute glaucomatous injury leading to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and ultimately irreversible vision loss. Irisin, a novel exercise-induced myokine, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in ischemia/reperfusion injuries across multiple organs and has displayed a significant neuroprotective role in experimental stroke disease models. This study examined the protective impact of irisin and investigated its potential mechanism involved in this process utilizing an acute ocular hypertension (AOH)-induced retinal injury model in mice and a microglia inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). There was a transient downregulation of irisin in the retina after AOH injury, with parallel emergence of retinal neuroinflammation and RGC death. Irisin attenuated retinal and optic nerve damage and promotes the phenotypic conversion of microglia from M1 to M2. Mechanistically, irisin significantly upregulated the expression of integrin αVβ5, p-AMPK, and autophagy-related markers. Integrin αVβ5 was highly expressed on microglia but hardly expressed on RGC. The integrin αVβ5 inhibitor cilengitide, the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin, and the autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) blocked the neuroprotective effects of irisin. Our results suggest irisin attenuates acute glaucoma-induced neuroinflammation and RGC death by activating integrin αVβ5/AMPK in microglia and promoting autophagy. It should be considered a potential neuroprotective therapy for acute glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Sifei Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yan Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chaohua Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Junming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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106
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Gong Y, Wang J, Pan M, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Zhang F, Liu J, Yang J, Hu J. Harmine inhibits pulmonary fibrosis through regulating DNA damage repair-related genes and activation of TP53-Gadd45α pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112542. [PMID: 38924867 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harmine has many pharmacological activities and has been found to significantly inhibit the fibrosis of keloid fibroblasts. DNA damage repair (DDR) is essential to prevent fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of harmine on pulmonary fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Bleomycin and TGF-β1 were used to construct pulmonary fibrosis models in vivo and in vitro, then treated with harmine to explore harmine's effects in treating experimental pulmonary fibrosis and its related mechanisms. Then, RNA sequencing was applied to investigate further the crucial DDR-related genes and drug targets of harmine against pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, the expression levels of DDR-related genes were verified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot. RESULTS Our in vivo experiments showed that harmine treatment could improve weight loss and lung function and reduce tissue fibrosis in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. The results confirmed that harmine could inhibit the viability and migration of TGF-β1-induced MRC-5 cells, induce their apoptosis, and suppress the F-actin expression, suggesting that harmine could suppress the phenotypic transition from lung fibroblasts to lung myoblasts. In addition, RNA sequencing identified 1692 differential expressed genes (DEGs), and 10 DDR-related genes were screened as critical DDR-related genes. RT-qPCR and western blotting showed that harmine could down-regulate the expression of CHEK1, ERCC1, ERCC4, POLD1, RAD51, RPA1, TOP1, and TP53, while up-regulate FEN1, H2AX and GADD45α expression. CONCLUSIONS Harmine may inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by regulating DDR-related genes and activating the TP53-Gadd45α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Meichi Pan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Yicong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Jiangyun Liu
- Soochow Univ, College of Pharmaceutic Science, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China.
| | - Junping Hu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
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107
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Malla R, Jyosthsna K, Rani G, Purnachandra Nagaraju G. CD44/PD-L1-mediated networks in drug resistance and immune evasion of breast cancer stem cells: Promising targets of natural compounds. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112613. [PMID: 38959542 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) significantly interfere with immunotherapy, leading to challenges such as low response rates and acquired resistance. PD-L1 expression is associated with the CSC population's overexpression of CD44. Mounting evidence suggests that the breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) marker CD44 and the immune checkpoint PD-L1 contribute to treatment failure through their networks. Natural compounds can overcome therapy resistance in breast cancer by targeting mechanisms underlying resistance in BCSCs. This review provides an updated insight into the CD44 and PD-L1 networks of BCSCs in mediating metastasis and immune evasion. The review critically examines existing literature, providing a comprehensive understanding of the topic and emphasizing the impact of natural flavones on the signaling pathways of BCSCs. Additionally, the review discusses the potential of natural compounds in targeting CD44 and PD-L1 in breast cancer (BC). Natural compounds consistently show potential in targeting regulatory mechanisms of BCSCs, inducing loss of stemness, and promoting differentiation. They offer a promising approach for developing alternative therapeutic strategies to manage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Kattula Jyosthsna
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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108
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Liu S, Ji F, Ding Y, Ding B, Feng S, Brennick C, Lin H, Zhang T, Shen Y. VISTA: A promising target for overcoming immune evasion in gynecologic cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112655. [PMID: 38986302 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but has shown limited efficacy in gynecologic cancers. VISTA (V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation), a member of the B7 family, is emerging as another checkpoint that regulates the anti-tumor immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. This paper reviews the structure, expression, and mechanism of action of VISTA. Furthermore, it highlights recent advances in VISTA-blocking therapies and their potential in improving outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancers. By understanding the role of VISTA in mediating the immune evasion of gynecologic tumors, we can develop more effective combinatory treatment strategies that could overcome resistance to current ICB therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Clinical Science and Research, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Songwei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Cory Brennick
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Clinical Science and Research, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tianxiang Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China.
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109
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Yang J, Wei W, Zhang S, Jiang W. Chronic stress influences the macrophage M1-M2 polarization balance through β-adrenergic signaling in hepatoma mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112568. [PMID: 38936055 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress negatively affects the immune system and promotes tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is an important component of the tumor immune microenvironment. However, the influence of chronic stress on M1-M2 polarization of TAM is unclear. We used flow cytometry to measure the M1-M2 polarization of TAM in chronic stress hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) bearing mice. We also measured the level of norepinephrine and blocked β-adrenergic signaling to explore the role of β-adrenergic receptor in the effect of chronic stress on M1-M2 polarization of TAM. We found that chronic stress disrupts the M1-M2 polarization in tumor tissues, increased the level of CD11b+Ly6C+CCR2+ monocyte and interleukin-1beta in blood and promoted the growth of HCC. Furthermore, chronic stress upregulated the level of CCL2 in tumor tissues. Finally, we found chronic stress increased norepinephrine level in serum and propranolol, a blocker of β-adrenergic signaling, inhibited HCC growth, recovered the M1-M2 polarization balance of TAM in tumor tissues, blocked the increase of CD11b+Ly6C+CCR2+ monocytes in blood, and blocked the increase of CCL2 in tumor tissues induced by chronic stress. Our study indicated that chronic stress disrupts the M1-M2 polarization balance of TAMs through β-adrenergic signaling, thereby promoting the growth of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Yang
- Department of Health Management, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Chang Y, Ou Q, Zhou X, Nie K, Zheng P, Liu J, Chen L, Yan H, Guo D, Zhang S. Jianpi Jiedu decoction suppresses colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting M2 polarization of TAMs through the tryptophan metabolism-AhR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112610. [PMID: 38963982 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine, JianpiJiedu decoction (JPJDF), has been utilized in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment for over forty years. The potential of JPJDF to inhibit CRC through modulation of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites remains uncertain. AIMS This study aims to further investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of JPJDF in CRC. METHODS CAC mouse models were developed using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Intestinal tissues and contents underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to assess the expression of Ki67, ZO-1, Occludin, CD68, and CD206. Furthermore, western blotting was performed to evaluate the protein expression of AhR and NF-κB. RESULTS JPJDF inhibited colorectal tumourigenesis in AOM/DSS treated mice, while also suppressing tumor cell proliferation and upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that JPJDF altered intestinal microbiota composition by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Additionally, JPJDF reduced tryptophan metabolites, effectively alleviating inflammation and significantly restoring intestinal barrier function in CAC mice. Molecular biology experiments confirmed that JPJDF suppressed the expression levels of AhR and M2-type tumor-associated macrophages, thereby promoting anti-tumor immunity and exerting inhibitory effects on CAC growth. CONCLUSION JPJDF can regulate the tryptophan metabolism-AhR pathway by modulating the gut microbiota, reducing intestinal inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, enhancing anti-tumor immunity, and effectively inhibiting CAC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qinling Ou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Hunan Institute of Mental Health, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Kechao Nie
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Piao Zheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Linzi Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Haixia Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Duanyang Guo
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Sifang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Guo Q, Yang A, Zhao R, Zhao H, Mu Y, Zhang J, Han Q, Su Y. Nimodipine ameliorates liver fibrosis via reshaping liver immune microenvironment in TAA-induced in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112586. [PMID: 38955030 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Nimodipine, a calcium antagonist, exert beneficial neurovascular protective effects in clinic. Recently, Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) was reported to protect against liver fibrosis in mice, while the exact effects of Nimodipine on liver injury and hepatic fibrosis remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the effect of nimodipine in Thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model. Then, the collagen deposition and liver inflammation were assessed by HE straining. Also, the frequency and phenotype of NK cells, CD4+T and CD8+T cells and MDSC in liver and spleen were analyzed using flow cytometry. Furthermore, activation and apoptosis of primary Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and HSC line LX2 were detected using α-SMA staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. We found that nimodipine administration significantly attenuated liver inflammation and fibrosis. And the increase of the numbers of hepatic NK and NKT cells, a reversed CD4+/CD8+T ratio, and reduced the numbers of MDSC were observed after nimodipine treatment. Furthermore, nimodipine administration significantly decreased α-SMA expression in liver tissues, and increased TUNEL staining adjacent to hepatic stellate cells. Nimodipine also reduced the proliferation of LX2, and significantly promoted high level of apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, nimodipine downregulated Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, simultaneously increased expression of JNK, p-JNK, and Caspase-3. Together, nimodipine mediated suppression of growth and fibrogenesis of HSCs may warrant its potential use in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjuan Guo
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ailu Yang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yongliang Mu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuhang Su
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Kafle S, Montoya B, Tang L, Tam YK, Muramatsu H, Pardi N, Sigal LJ. The roles of CD4 + T cell help, sex, and dose in the induction of protective CD8 + T cells against a lethal poxvirus by mRNA-LNP vaccines. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102279. [PMID: 39188304 PMCID: PMC11345529 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The role of CD4+ T cells in the induction of protective CD8+ T cells by mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines is unknown. We used B6 or Tlr9 -/- mice depleted or not of CD4+ T cells and LNP vaccines loaded with mRNAs encoding the ectromelia virus (ECTV) MHC class I H-2 Kb-restricted immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope TSYKFESV (TSYKFESV mRNA-LNPs) or the ECTV EVM158 protein, which contains TSYKFESV (EVM-158 mRNA-LNPs). Following prime and boost with 10 μg of either vaccine, Kb-TSYKFESV-specific CD8+ T cells fully protected male and female mice from ECTV at 29 (both mRNA-LNPs) or 90 days (EVM158 mRNA-LNPs) post boost (dpb) independently of CD4+ T cells. However, at 29 dpb with 1 μg mRNA-LNPs, males had lower frequencies of Kb-TSYKFESV-specific CD8+ T cells and were much less well protected than females from ECTV, also independently of CD4+ T cells. At 90 dpb with 1 μg EVM158 mRNA-LNPs, the frequencies of Kb-TSYKFESV-specific CD8+ T cells in males and females were similar, and both were similarly partially protected from ECTV, independently of CD4+ T cells. Therefore, at optimal or suboptimal doses of mRNA-LNP vaccines, CD4+ T cell help is unnecessary to induce protective anti-poxvirus CD8+ T cells specific to a dominant epitope. At suboptimal doses, protection of males requires more time to develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samita Kafle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Brian Montoya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lingjuan Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ying K. Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luis J. Sigal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Zhang L, Wu HD, Qian YF, Xu HY. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with hepatitis B: A meta-analysis. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5749-5760. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i25.5749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has increased in recent clinical practice; however, the relationship between CHB and hepatic steatosis (HS) remains controversial.
AIM To shed light on the potential association between NAFLD and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search using multiple databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE, to identify relevant studies. Predefined inclusion criteria were used to determine the eligibility of the studies for further analysis.
RESULTS Comprehensive meta-analysis software was used for statistical analysis, which covered 20 studies. The results indicated a lower NAFLD susceptibility in HBV-infected individuals (pooled OR = 0.87; 95%CI = 0.69-1.08; I2 = 91.1%), with diabetes (P = 0.015), body mass index (BMI; P = 0.010), and possibly age (P = 0.061) as heterogeneity sources. Of note, in four studies (6197 HBV patients), HBV-infected individuals had a reduced NAFLD risk (OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.51-0.89, P = 0.006). A positive link between hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome emerged in hepatitis B patients, along with specific biochemical indicators, including BMI, creatinine, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.
CONCLUSION HBV infection may provide protection against HS; however, the occurrence of HS in patients with HBV infection is associated with metabolic syndrome and specific biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong-Di Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan-Fang Qian
- Department of Nursing, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong-Yan Xu
- Department of Nursing, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
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Xing Y, Bai RX, Li YG, Xu J, Zhong ZQ, Yan M, Yan WM. Analysis of long-term outcome of modified gastric bypass for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese patients. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5697-5705. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i25.5697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric and metabolic surgery have been routinely performed following the rapid increase in obesity and metabolic diseases worldwide. Of all evolving procedures, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is considered the gold standard for surgical treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. RYGB was introduced in China nearly 20 years ago, but the number of RYGB surgeries only accounts for 3.1% of the total number of weight loss and metabolic surgeries in China, it’s effect on Chinese people still needs further study.
AIM To investigate the effect and safety of a modified gastric bypass performed in Chinese patients with T2DM.
METHODS Patients with obesity and T2DM who underwent modified gastric bypass, with > 5-year follow-up data, were analyzed.
RESULTS All 37 patients underwent uneventful laparoscopic surgery, no patient was switched to laparotomy during the surgery, and no severe complications were reported. Average weight and body mass index of the patients reduced from 84.6 ± 17.3 (60.0–140.0) kg and 30.9 ± 5.0 (24.7–46.2) kg/m2 to 67.1 ± 12.2 (24.7–46.2) kg and 24.6 ± 3.9 (17.7–36.5) kg/m2, respectively, and fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin decreased from 7.4 ± 3.4 mmol/L and 8.2% ± 1.7% preoperatively to 6.5 ± 1.3 mmol/L and 6.5% ± 0.9% 5-years postoperatively, respectively. Only 29.7% (11/37) of the patients used hypoglycemic drugs 5-years postoperatively, and the complete remission rate of T2DM was 29.7% (11/37). Triglyceride level reduced significantly but high-density lipoprotein increased significantly (both P < 0.05) compared with those during the preoperative period. Liver and renal function improved significantly postoperatively, and binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the patients’ preoperative history of T2DM and fasting C-peptide were significant prognostic factors influencing complete T2DM remission after RYGB (P = 0.006 and 0.012, respectively).
CONCLUSION The modified gastric bypass is a safe and feasible procedure for Chinese patients with obesity and T2DM, exhibiting satisfactory amelioration of weight problems, hyperglycemia, and combination disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - Ri-Xing Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - You-Guo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
| | - Wen-Mao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100170, China
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Wang N, Lin Z, Gao L, Wang B, Wei K, Zhang M, Li Y, Xue P. Liraglutide reduces bone marrow adipogenesis by miR-150-5p/ GDF11 axis in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176793. [PMID: 38960061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, a common-used antidiabetic drug, liraglutide, was identified with extra effects on lipid metabolism. Its effects against excessive lipid deposition in bone marrow were gained much attention but not well established. Our aim in the present study is to explore the interaction of miRNAs-mRNAs altered by liraglutide administration during bone marrow adipogenesis in diabetes. To establish the diabetic animal model, rats were treated with high fat diet (HFD) and STZ injection. We then identified the lowering effect of liraglutide on lipids metabolism in the diabetes. During this process, high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses on miRNAs extracted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were conducted after liraglutide administration. We then identified five differentially expressed miRNAs (miRNA-150-5p, miRNA-129-5p, miRNA-201-3p, miRNA-201-5p, and miRNA-214-5p). The expressions of the DE miRNAs were verified as temporal specific expression patterns in Day 3 and in Day 7. Among them, miRNA-150-5p expression was more stable and consistent with the sequencing data. Of interest, miR-150-5p overexpression facilitated adipogenesis of BMSCs. But this promotion was alleviated by liraglutide. The predicted target gene of miR-150-5p, GDF11, was validated to be involved in liraglutide alleviated BMSCs' lipid accumulation in diabetes. In vitro, liraglutide increased the GDF11 expression, rescued its down-expression by siGDF11 and inhibit the adipogenesis of BMSCs cultured in high glucose medium. In vivo, liraglutide reversed the HFD-STZ induced excessive lipid droplets by up-regulation of GDF11 expression, which was discounted by agomiR-150-5p injection. Above all, liraglutide might alleviate bone marrow fat accumulation via inactivating miR-150-5p/GDF11 axis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Liu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Kangxu Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Qiaoxi District, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
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Zhao C, Liu Y, Ma Y, Wu S, Gong J. Optimization of green spherical agglomeration process based on response surface methodology for preparation of high-performance spherical particles. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124515. [PMID: 39074649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Spherical agglomeration (SA) is a processing technique that enhances the physical properties of particles, reduces the number of unit operations in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and improves process efficiency. However, one of the limitations of SA is its high nonlinearity, which makes scalability a challenge. This prospective study was designed to realize the optimization of SA process parameters of aspirin, the world's first and most widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, by developing a green SA model through response surface methodology. First, Plackett-Burman experiments were conducted to identify the key operating variables affecting SA, and Sustainability Index (STI) was defined to evaluate the effects of these operating variables on the SA and the energy input to the environment during the post-processing process. Furthermore, the effects of three independent variables on mean size, yield, and STI were investigated based on Box-Behnken design. A second-order regression equation with response values was developed to optimize the above three objectives. As a result, the spherical products were obtained with excellent powder properties, including anti-caking property, filtration property, and tableting performance compared to the raw materials. This work provides an experimental and modelling basis for the further application of this environmentally-friendly SA technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE113TU, United Kingdom
| | - Songgu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Wang ZY, Gao ST, Gou XJ, Qiu FR, Feng Q. IL-1 receptor-associated kinase family proteins: An overview of their role in liver disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176773. [PMID: 38936453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family is a group of serine-threonine kinases that regulates various cellular processes via toll-like receptor (TLR)/interleukin-1 receptor (IL1R)-mediated signaling. The IRAK family comprises four members, including IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3, and IRAK4, which play an important role in the expression of various inflammatory genes, thereby contributing to the inflammatory response. IRAKs are key proteins in chronic and acute liver diseases, and recent evidence has implicated IRAK family proteins (IRAK1, IRAK3, and IRAK4) in the progression of liver-related disorders, including alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis virus infection, acute liver failure, liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the role of IRAK family proteins and their associated inflammatory signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. The purpose of this study is to explore whether IRAK family proteins can serve as the main target for the treatment of liver related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yuan Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Si-Ting Gao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Gou
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Fu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Jessop M, Broadway BJ, Miller K, Guettler S. Regulation of PARP1/2 and the tankyrases: emerging parallels. Biochem J 2024; 481:1097-1123. [PMID: 39178157 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a prominent and versatile post-translational modification, which regulates a diverse set of cellular processes. Poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) is synthesised by the poly-ADP-ribosyltransferases PARP1, PARP2, tankyrase (TNKS), and tankyrase 2 (TNKS2), all of which are linked to human disease. PARP1/2 inhibitors have entered the clinic to target cancers with deficiencies in DNA damage repair. Conversely, tankyrase inhibitors have continued to face obstacles on their way to clinical use, largely owing to our limited knowledge of their molecular impacts on tankyrase and effector pathways, and linked concerns around their tolerability. Whilst detailed structure-function studies have revealed a comprehensive picture of PARP1/2 regulation, our mechanistic understanding of the tankyrases lags behind, and thereby our appreciation of the molecular consequences of tankyrase inhibition. Despite large differences in their architecture and cellular contexts, recent structure-function work has revealed striking parallels in the regulatory principles that govern these enzymes. This includes low basal activity, activation by intra- or inter-molecular assembly, negative feedback regulation by auto-PARylation, and allosteric communication. Here we compare these poly-ADP-ribosyltransferases and point towards emerging parallels and open questions, whose pursuit will inform future drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Jessop
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
| | - Benjamin J Broadway
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
| | - Katy Miller
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, U.K
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Roozitalab G, Abedi B, Imani S, Farghadani R, Jabbarzadeh Kaboli P. Comprehensive assessment of TECENTRIQ® and OPDIVO®: analyzing immunotherapy indications withdrawn in triple-negative breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:889-918. [PMID: 38409546 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Atezolizumab (TECENTRIQ®) and nivolumab (OPDIVO®) are both immunotherapeutic indications targeting programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), respectively. These inhibitors hold promise as therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and have demonstrated encouraging results in reducing the progression and spread of tumors. However, due to their adverse effects and low response rates, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has withdrawn the approval of atezolizumab in TNBC and nivolumab in HCC treatment. The withdrawals of atezolizumab and nivolumab have raised concerns regarding their effectiveness and the ability to predict treatment responses. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the immunotherapy withdrawal of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, specifically atezolizumab for TNBC and nivolumab for HCC. This study will examine both the structural and clinical aspects. This review provides detailed insights into the structure of the PD-1 receptor and its ligands, the interactions between PD-1 and PD-L1, and their interactions with the withdrawn antibodies (atezolizumab and nivolumab) as well as PD-1 and PD-L1 modifications. In addition, this review further assesses these antibodies in the context of TNBC and HCC. It seeks to elucidate the factors that contribute to diverse responses to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in different types of cancer and propose approaches for predicting responses, mitigating the potential risks linked to therapy withdrawals, and optimizing patient outcomes. By better understanding the mechanisms underlying responses to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and developing strategies to predict these responses, it is possible to create more efficient treatments for TNBC and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaal Roozitalab
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abedi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Imani
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan.
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120
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Friedson A, Li M, Meckel K, Rees DI, Sacks DW. Exposure to cigarette taxes as a teenager and the persistence of smoking into adulthood. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 33:1962-1988. [PMID: 38807294 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Are teenage and adult smoking causally related? Recent anti-tobacco policy is predicated on the assumption that preventing teenagers from smoking will ensure that fewer adults smoke, but direct evidence in support of this assumption is scant. Using data from three nationally representative sources and instrumenting for teenage smoking with cigarette taxes experienced at ages 14-17, we document a strong positive relationship between teenage and adult smoking: deterring 10 teenagers from smoking through raising cigarette taxes roughly translates into 5 fewer adult smokers. We conclude that efforts to reduce teenage smoking can have long-lasting consequences on smoking participation and, presumably, health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moyan Li
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Katherine Meckel
- University of California San Diego, NBER, and CESifo, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Daniel W Sacks
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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121
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Yan Z, Xia J, Cao Z, Zhang H, Wang J, Feng T, Shu Y, Zou L. Multi-omics integration reveals potential stage-specific druggable targets in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Genes Dis 2024; 11:100949. [PMID: 39071111 PMCID: PMC11282411 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), a heterogeneous hematological malignancy, is caused by the developmental arrest of normal T-cell progenitors. The development of targeted therapeutic regimens is impeded by poor knowledge of the stage-specific aberrances in this disease. In this study, we performed multi-omics integration analysis, which included mRNA expression, chromatin accessibility, and gene-dependency database analyses, to identify potential stage-specific druggable targets and repositioned drugs for this disease. This multi-omics integration helped identify 29 potential pathological genes for T-ALL. These genes exhibited tissue-specific expression profiles and were enriched in the cell cycle, hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, and the AMPK signaling pathway. Of these, four known druggable targets (CDK6, TUBA1A, TUBB, and TYMS) showed dysregulated and stage-specific expression in malignant T cells and may serve as stage-specific targets in T-ALL. The TUBA1A expression level was higher in the early T cell precursor (ETP)-ALL cells, while TUBB and TYMS were mainly highly expressed in malignant T cells arrested at the CD4 and CD8 double-positive or single-positive stage. CDK6 exhibited a U-shaped expression pattern in malignant T cells along the naïve to maturation stages. Furthermore, mebendazole and gemcitabine, which target TUBA1A and TYMS, respectively, exerted stage-specific inhibitory effects on T-ALL cell lines, indicating their potential stage-specific antileukemic role in T-ALL. Collectively, our findings might aid in identifying potential stage-specific druggable targets and are promising for achieving more precise therapeutic strategies for T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Yan
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Bioinformatics and BioMedical Bigdata Mining Laboratory, School of Big Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 554300, China
| | - Ziyang Cao
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jinxia Wang
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Tienan Feng
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Laboratory Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
- Center for Clinical Molecular Laboratory Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Liu H, Deng H, Fang C, Yang J, Xiang N. ASO Author Reflections: Laparoscopic Right Posterior Sectionectomy with Preservation of Subsegment Using Digital Intelligence Liver Surgery Technologies in Patients with HCC After Conversion Therapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:5655-5657. [PMID: 38869766 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Carneiro FS, Katashima CK, Dodge JD, Cintra DE, Pauli JR, Da Silva ASR, Ropelle ER. Tissue-specific roles of mitochondrial unfolded protein response during obesity. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13791. [PMID: 38880974 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide multifactorial disease caused by an imbalance in energy metabolism, increasing adiposity, weight gain, and promoting related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Recent findings have reported that metabolic stress related to obesity induces a mitochondrial stress response called mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), a quality control pathway that occurs in a nuclear DNA-mitochondria crosstalk, causing transduction of chaperones and proteases under stress conditions. The duality of UPRmt signaling, with both beneficial and detrimental effects, acts in different contexts depending on the tissue, cell type, and physiological states, affecting the mitochondrial function and efficiency and the metabolism homeostasis during obesity, which remains not fully clarified. Therefore, this review discusses the most recent findings regarding UPRmt signaling during obesity, bringing an overview of UPRmt across different metabolic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Carneiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos K Katashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joshua D Dodge
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA), Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomic, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R Da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abdelhameed F, Kite C, Lagojda L, Dallaway A, Chatha KK, Chaggar SS, Dalamaga M, Kassi E, Kyrou I, Randeva HS. Non-invasive Scores and Serum Biomarkers for Fatty Liver in the Era of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Comprehensive Review From NAFLD to MAFLD and MASLD. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:510-531. [PMID: 38809396 PMCID: PMC11306269 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly increasing worldwide, making it the leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. Currently, liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessing individuals with steatohepatitis and fibrosis. However, its invasiveness, sampling variability, and impracticality for large-scale screening has driven the search for non-invasive methods for early diagnosis and staging. In this review, we comprehensively summarise the evidence on the diagnostic performance and limitations of existing non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores in the diagnosis and evaluation of steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis. RECENT FINDINGS Several non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores have been developed over the last decade, although none has successfully been able to replace liver biopsy. The introduction of new NAFLD terminology, namely metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and more recently metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has initiated a debate on the interchangeability of these terminologies. Indeed, there is a need for more research on the variability of the performance of non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores across the diagnostic entities of NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD. There remains a significant need for finding valid and reliable non-invasive methods for early diagnosis and assessment of steatohepatitis and fibrosis to facilitate prompt risk stratification and management to prevent disease progression and complications. Further exploration of the landscape of MASLD under the newly defined disease subtypes is warranted, with the need for more robust evidence to support the use of commonly used serum scores against the new MASLD criteria and validation of previously developed scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Abdelhameed
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Chris Kite
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Shrewsbury, SY3 8HQ, UK
| | - Lukasz Lagojda
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Clinical Evidence-Based Information Service (CEBIS), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Alexander Dallaway
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Kamaljit Kaur Chatha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | | | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Propaupedic and Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK.
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece.
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
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Duclos G, Marecal L, Resseguier N, Postzich M, Taguet C, Hraiech S, Leone M, Müller L, Zieleskiewicz L. Pleural lung sliding quantification using a speckle tracking technology: A feasibility study on 30 healthy volunteers. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 254:108316. [PMID: 38968827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Speckle tracking technology quantifies lung sliding and detects lung sliding abolition in case of pneumothorax on selected ultrasound loops through the analysis of acoustic markers. OBJECTIVES We aimed to test the ability of speckle tracking technology to quantify lung sliding using a pleural strain value (PS). METHODS We performed a prospective study in 30 healthy volunteers in whom we assessed the pleural speckle tracking using ultrasound loops. Seven breathing conditions with and without non-invasive ventilation were tested. Two observers analyzed the ultrasound loops in four lung areas (anterior and posterior, left and right) and compared the obtained PS values. The first endpoint was to determine the feasibility of the PS measurement in different breathing conditions. The secondary endpoints were to assess the intra- and inter-observer's reliability of the measurement to compare PS values between anterior and posterior lung areas and to explore their correlations with the measured tidal volume. RESULTS We analyzed 1624 ultrasound loops from 29 patients after one volunteer's exclusion. Feasibility of this method was rated at 90.8 [95%CI: 89.6 - 92.4]%. The intra-observer reliability measured through Intraclass Correlation Coefficients was 0.96 [95%CI: 0.91-0.98] and 0.93 [95%CI: 0.86-0.97] depending on the operator. The inter-observer reliability was 0.89 [95%CI: 0.78-0.95]. The PS values were significantly lower in the anterior lung areas compared with the posterior areas in all breathing conditions. A weak positive correlation was found in all the lung areas when a positive end expiratory pressure was applied with r = 0.26 [95%CI: 0.12;0.39]; p < 0.01. CONCLUSION Speckle tracking lung sliding quantification with PS was applicable in most conditions with an excellent intra- and inter-observer reliability. More studies in patients under invasive mechanical ventilation are needed to explore the correlation between PS values of pleural sliding and tidal volumes. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NCT05415605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Duclos
- Service d'anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université.
| | - Ludivine Marecal
- Service d'anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Noemie Resseguier
- Service d'Épidémiologie et d'Économie de la Santé, AP-HM, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université; CEReSS-Health Services and Quality of Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Martin Postzich
- Service d'Épidémiologie et d'Économie de la Santé, AP-HM, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Chloe Taguet
- Service d'assistance Médicale d'urgence (SAMU), AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Sami Hraiech
- Service de Médecine Intensive - Réanimation, AP-HM, Hôpital Nord, Aix-Marseille Université, Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (CEReSS), Marseille, France
| | - Marc Leone
- Service d'anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Laurent Müller
- Service de Réanimation et Surveillance Continue, Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation Douleur Urgences, CHU Nîmes Caremeau, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Zieleskiewicz
- Service d'anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France, Aix-Marseille Université
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Xu J, Deng M, Tang X. Comments on "Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Incidence of Gastric Cancer Between 1980 and 2022". Gastroenterology 2024; 167:817. [PMID: 38494037 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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Chen S, Li Q, Shi H, Li F, Duan Y, Guo Q. New insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in oxidative stress-induced diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117084. [PMID: 39088967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress (OS), which can induce gene mutations, protein denaturation, and lipid peroxidation directly or indirectly. The expression is reduced ATP level in cells, increased cytoplasmic Ca2+, inflammation, and so on. Consequently, ROS are recognized as significant risk factors for human aging and various diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are involved in the production of ROS through the respiratory chain. Abnormal mitochondrial characteristics, including mitochondrial OS, mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy, play an important role in various tissues. However, previous excellent reviews focused on OS-induced diseases. In this review, we focus on the latest progress of OS-induced mitochondrial dynamics, discuss OS-induced mitochondrial damage-related diseases, and summarize the OS-induced mitochondrial dynamics-related signaling pathways. Additionally, it elaborates on potential therapeutic methods aimed at preventing oxidative stress from further exacerbating mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qilong Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanjing Shi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Bromley SE, Shakery K, Vora P, Atabaki A, Reimer T, McDermott L, Hajizadeh N. Understanding Causes of Death in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Crit Care Explor 2024; 6:e1147. [PMID: 39172623 PMCID: PMC11343544 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000001147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive summary of the published data on cause of death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). DATA SOURCES PubMed (January 2015 to April 2024), bibliographies of relevant articles, and ARDS Network and Prevention & Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury (PETAL) network websites. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies and clinical trials that reported on cause of death in greater than or equal to 30 patients with ARDS, not obtained from death certificates. Animal studies, case reports, review articles, study protocols, and studies in pediatrics were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION Causes of death among ARDS patients who died were extracted and tabulated along with other pertinent study characteristics. DATA SYNTHESIS We identified 15 observational studies (nine non-COVID ARDS, five COVID-related ARDS; one both) and five clinical trials (all non-COVID ARDS). Mutually exclusive prespecified categories were used for recording the cause of death in only eight studies although studies differed in the categories included and their definitions. When multiple organ failure was a predetermined category, it was the most common cause of death recorded (~50% of deaths), followed by respiratory causes with proportions varying from 16% to 42% depending on nomenclature (e.g., refractory hypoxemia, pulmonary causes) and definitions. However, the largest observational study in non-COVID ARDS (964 deaths), did not include multiple organ failure as a predetermined category, and found that pulmonary failure (42%) and cardiac failure (37%) were the most common causes of death. In COVID-related ARDS observational studies, pulmonary reasons were the most reported cause of death (up to 88%). CONCLUSIONS Few studies have reported cause of death in patients with ARDS. In those that do, cause of death categories and definitions used are heterogeneous. Further research is needed to see whether a more rigorous and unified approach to assigning and reporting cause of death in ARDS would help identify more relevant endpoints for the assessment of targeted treatments in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pareen Vora
- Integrated Evidence Generation, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
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Fu Y, Ren J, Ma Y, Zhou J, Shao W, Sun G, Sun Q, Wang D. Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Quality of Life of Braun Anastomosis in Gastrointestinal Reconstruction in Totally Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:1256-1265. [PMID: 38913210 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and quality of life of B-IIB (Billroth-II with Braun anastomosis) and B-II (Billroth-II anastomosis) in the alimentary tract reconstruction postoperative totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) for gastric cancer. METHODS From February 2016 to January 2022, 158 patients underwent totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, with Billroth-II with Braun anastomosis for 93 patients and Billroth-II anastomosis for 65 patients. The patients' data were collected prospectively and reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS In this study, the post-op hospital stay of B-IIB group were shorter than B-II group (12.70 ± 3.08 days in the B-IIB group versus 14.12 ± 4.90 days in the B-II group, p < 0.05) and the first post-op flatus time of the B-IIB group were shorter than B-II group (3.49 ± 1.02 days versus 4.08 ± 1.85 days, p < 0.05). Two groups did differ significantly in hemoglobin on postoperative 3 months, albumin at 3 months after operation, and serum sodium on postoperative 3 days and 3 months (p < 0.05), and the B-IIB had an advantage; the complications incidence (Clavien-Dindo grade II or even a higher grade) of the B-IIB group and B-II group were 10.75% and 29.23%, respectively. There being a statistical difference between the two groups. The B-IIB group and the B-II group both had different degrees of weight loss at 3 months after operation compared with preoperative weight. The weight of B-IIB group was 4.04 ± 1.33 kg, which was less than B-II group (8.08 ± 1.47 kg). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). According to the PGSAS (Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale), the score of the B-IIB group is lower than that of the B-II group for esophageal reflux gastritis, dyspepsia, and dumping syndrome group (1.84 ± 0.92 VS 2.15 ± 0.85, P = 0.031; 1.86 ± 1.10 VS 2.22 ± 0.91, P = 0.034; 1.98 ± 1.06 VS 2.32 ± 0.94, P = 0.037, respectively). CONCLUSION Totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with Billroth-II Braun reconstruction is a safe and technically feasible method for gastric cancer patients, which can reduce the incidence of postoperative reflux esophagitis and dumping syndrome. Compared with Billroth-II reconstruction, it has advantages in maintaining postoperative nutritional status and electrolyte balance and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayan Fu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- The Hanjiang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yangzhou, 225100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhe Shao
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guowei Sun
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qiannan Sun
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, No.98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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Karamanolis NN, Kounatidis D, Vallianou NG, Alexandropoulos K, Kovlakidi E, Kaparou P, Karampela I, Stratigou T, Dalamaga M. Paraneoplastic hypoglycemia: An overview for optimal clinical guidance. Metabol Open 2024; 23:100305. [PMID: 39185033 PMCID: PMC11342107 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic hypoglycemia, also known as non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), is a rare but critical condition occurring in patients with different types of malignancy. This condition is commonly linked to tumors producing insulin-like growth (IGF) factors, particularly IGF-2 and its precursors, which disrupt glucose homeostasis and lead to excessive glucose consumption. The diagnosis typically involves documenting symptomatic hypoglycemia and ruling out other potential causes. Essential diagnostic tools include imaging studies and laboratory tests, specifically measuring IGF-2 levels and the IGF-2:IGF-1 ratio. Treatment strategies for NICTH are multifaceted and may include surgical resection of the tumor if feasible, pharmacological interventions such as corticosteroids to suppress IGF-2 production, or supportive measures to manage acute hypoglycemic episodes. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting IGF-2, such as monoclonal antibodies or siRNA, are also being explored and hold promise for future treatment options. This review aims to enhance understanding of paraneoplastic hypoglycemia, focusing on its pathogenesis and diagnosis, to guide optimal medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Nektarios Karamanolis
- 2th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia G. Vallianou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Alexandropoulos
- 2th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Kovlakidi
- 2th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Pinelopi Kaparou
- 2th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Van Loon K, Rega F, Pirenne J, Jansen K, Van De Bruaene A, Dewinter G, Rex S, Eerdekens GJ. Anesthesia for Combined Heart-Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:2059-2069. [PMID: 38918097 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In 1984, 21 years after the first liver transplantation, Thomas Starzl achieved a milestone by performing the world's first combined heart-liver transplantation. While still uncommon, the practice of combined heart-liver transplants is on the rise globally. In this review, the authors delve into the current literature on this procedure, highlighting the evolving landscape and key considerations for anesthesiologists. Over the years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of combined heart-liver transplantations conducted worldwide. This surge is largely attributed to the growing population of adult survivors with single-ventricle physiology, palliated with a Fontan procedure, who later present with late Fontan failure and Fontan-associated liver disease. Research indicates that combined heart-liver transplantation is an effective treatment option, with reported outcomes comparable with isolated heart or liver transplants. Managing anesthesia during a combined heart-liver transplant procedure is challenging, especially in the context of underlying Fontan physiology. International experience in this field remains somewhat limited, with most techniques derived from expert opinions or experiences with single-organ heart and liver transplants. These procedures are highly complex and performed infrequently. As the number of combined heart-liver transplants continues to rise globally, there is a growing need for clear guidance on periprocedural surgical and anesthetic management. Anesthesiologists overseeing these patients must consider multiple factors, balancing various comorbidities with significant hemodynamic and metabolic shifts. An increase in (multicenter) studies focusing on specific interventions to enhance patient and organ outcomes is anticipated in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Van Loon
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Filip Rega
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacques Pirenne
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery and Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Jansen
- Adult Congenital and Paediatric Heart Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Geertrui Dewinter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steffen Rex
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert-Jan Eerdekens
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Falgiano PA, Rowland RJ, Heifner JJ, Corces A. Dual-mobility with modular components for primary total hip arthroplasty in bilateral bony ankylosis of the hips: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 122:110161. [PMID: 39159594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a procedure performed in the United States for a variety of indications, with operation rates slated to increase over 275 % by 2040 when compared to 2014 (Thilak et al., 2015). Dual-mobility (DM) implants have gained popularity in the United States since gaining approval in the early 2010s (Heckmann et al., 2020). It has been well reported that DM implants decrease the risk of dislocation after primary and revision THA (Vielpeau et al., 2011; Donovan et al., 2022; Heifner et al., 2023; Foissey et al., 2023; Schmidt et al., 2020; Neri et al., 2019). CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 33-year-old male with a suspected ankylosing spondylitis (AS) diagnosis and bilateral bony ankylosis of the hips who underwent staged THA with modular dual-mobility (MDM) implants. At one year post-operatively, the patient is walking without the use of an assistive device and reports a VAS pain score of 0 at rest and 2 with activity and HHS of 90. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Implant selection is important in this patient population due to the increased risk of dislocation. Contemporary reports reveal MDM implants have demonstrated a substantial reduction in dislocation risk compared to fixed-bearing implants in patients with a high risk of dislocation. We opted to place the acetabular component inside the safe zone to improve stability and use the dual-mobility prosthesis to achieve our desired range of motion. CONCLUSION The improved stability of DM implants allows for a greater range of acetabular positions in patients who have a highly unpredictable functional outcome at the time of surgery. Our preliminary results contribute to the growing list of indications for MDM total hip arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert J Rowland
- Larkin Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Arturo Corces
- Larkin Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Miami, FL, USA
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Chary PS, Shaikh S, Rajana N, Bhavana V, Mehra NK. Unlocking nature's arsenal: Nanotechnology for targeted delivery of venom toxins in cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213903. [PMID: 38824828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present review is to shed light on the nanotechnological approaches adopted to overcome the shortcomings associated with the delivery of venom peptides which possess inherent anti-cancer properties. BACKGROUND Venom peptides although have been reported to demonstrate anti-cancer effects, they suffer from several disadvantages such as in vivo instability, off-target adverse effects, limited drug loading and low bioavailability. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of different classes of nanocarriers while underscoring their advantages, disadvantages and potential to carry such peptide molecules for in vivo delivery. It also discusses various nanotechnological aspects such as methods of fabrication, analytical tools to assess these nanoparticulate formulations, modulation of nanocarrier polymer properties to enhance loading capacity, stability and improve their suitability to carry toxic peptide drugs. CONCLUSION Nanotechnological approaches bear great potential in delivering venom peptide-based molecules as anticancer agents by enhancing their bioavailability, stability, efficacy as well as offering a spatiotemporal delivery approach. However, the challenges associated with toxicity and biocompatibility of nanocarriers must be duly addressed. PERSPECTIVES The everlasting quest for new breakthroughs for safer delivery of venom peptides in human subjects is fuelled by unmet clinical needs in the current landscape of chemotherapy. In addition, exhaustive efforts are required in obtaining and purifying the venom peptides followed by designing and optimizing scale up technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Samia Shaikh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Dortaj H, Amani AM, Tayebi L, Azarpira N, Ghasemi Toudeshkchouei M, Hassanpour-Dehnavi A, Karami N, Abbasi M, Najafian-Najafabadi A, Zarei Behjani Z, Vaez A. Droplet-based microfluidics: an efficient high-throughput portable system for cell encapsulation. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:479-501. [PMID: 39077800 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2382744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
One of the goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is restoring primary living tissue function by manufacturing a 3D microenvironment. One of the main challenges is protecting implanted non-autologous cells or tissues from the host immune system. Cell encapsulation has emerged as a promising technique for this purpose. It involves entrapping cells in biocompatible and semi-permeable microcarriers made from natural or synthetic polymers that regulate the release of cellular secretions. In recent years, droplet-based microfluidic systems have emerged as powerful tools for cell encapsulation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These systems offer precise control over droplet size, composition, and functionality, allowing for creating of microenvironments that closely mimic native tissue. Droplet-based microfluidic systems have extensive applications in biotechnology, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. This review summarises the recent developments in droplet-based microfluidic systems and cell encapsulation techniques, as well as their applications, advantages, and challenges in biology and medicine. The integration of these technologies has the potential to revolutionise tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by providing a precise and controlled microenvironment for cell growth and differentiation. By overcoming the immune system's challenges and enabling the release of cellular secretions, these technologies hold great promise for the future of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Ashraf Hassanpour-Dehnavi
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Karami
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Abbasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Najafian-Najafabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zarei Behjani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Elkrief L, Hernandez-Gea V, Senzolo M, Albillos A, Baiges A, Berzigotti A, Bureau C, Murad SD, De Gottardi A, Durand F, Garcia-Pagan JC, Lisman T, Mandorfer M, McLin V, Moga L, Nery F, Northup P, Nuzzo A, Paradis V, Patch D, Payancé A, Plaforet V, Plessier A, Poisson J, Roberts L, Salem R, Sarin S, Shukla A, Toso C, Tripathi D, Valla D, Ronot M, Rautou PE. Portal vein thrombosis: diagnosis, management, and endpoints for future clinical studies. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:859-883. [PMID: 38996577 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) refers to the development of a non-malignant obstruction of the portal vein, its branches, its radicles, or a combination. This Review first provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of PVT, namely the specifics of the portal venous system, the risk factors for PVT, the pathophysiology of portal hypertension in PVT, the interest in non-invasive tests, as well as therapeutic approaches including the effect of treating risk factors for PVT or cause of cirrhosis, anticoagulation, portal vein recanalisation by interventional radiology, and prevention and management of variceal bleeding in patients with PVT. Specific issues are also addressed including portal cholangiopathy, mesenteric ischaemia and intestinal necrosis, quality of life, fertility, contraception and pregnancy, and PVT in children. This Review will then present endpoints for future clinical studies in PVT, both in patients with and without cirrhosis, agreed by a large panel of experts through a Delphi consensus process. These endpoints include classification of portal vein thrombus extension, classification of PVT evolution, timing of assessment of PVT, and global endpoints for studies on PVT including clinical outcomes. These endpoints will help homogenise studies on PVT and thus facilitate reporting, comparison between studies, and validation of future studies and trials on PVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Elkrief
- Faculté de médecine de Tours, et service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Le Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France; Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Virginia Hernandez-Gea
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut de Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Senzolo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Agustin Albillos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Baiges
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut de Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Bureau
- Service d'Hépatologie Hôpital Rangueil, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarwa Darwish Murad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrea De Gottardi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - François Durand
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Juan-Carlos Garcia-Pagan
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut de Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ton Lisman
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mattias Mandorfer
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valérie McLin
- Swiss Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucile Moga
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Filipe Nery
- Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrick Northup
- Transplant Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandre Nuzzo
- Intestinal Stroke Center, Department of Gastroenterology, IBD and Intestinal Failure, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France; Laboratory for Vascular and Translational Science, INSERM UMR 1148, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Department of Pathology, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - David Patch
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Audrey Payancé
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | | | - Aurélie Plessier
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Johanne Poisson
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Corentin Celton (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Lara Roberts
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Riad Salem
- Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shiv Sarin
- Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Christian Toso
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dhiraj Tripathi
- Department of Liver and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dominique Valla
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Maxime Ronot
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service de Radiologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.
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Zhou S, Cheng K, Peng Y, Liu Y, Hu Q, Zeng S, Qi X, Yu L. Regulation mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress on metabolic enzymes in liver diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107332. [PMID: 39089398 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a pivotal role in protein folding and secretion, Ca2+ storage, and lipid synthesis in eukaryotic cells. When the burden of protein synthesis and folding required to be handled exceeds the processing capacity of the ER, the accumulation of misfolded/unfolded proteins triggers ER stress. In response to short-term ER stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to allow cells to survive. When ER stress is severe and sustained, it typically provokes cell death through multiple approaches. It is well documented that ER stress and metabolic deregulation are functionally intertwined, both are considered contributing factors to the pathogenesis of liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocytes are rich in smooth and rough ER, which harbor metabolic enzymes that are capable of sensing alterations in various nutritional status and external stimuli. Extensive research has focused on the molecular mechanism linking ER stress with metabolic enzymes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the effects of ER stress on metabolic enzymes in various liver diseases and to provide potential therapeutic strategies for chronic liver diseases via targeting UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Zhou
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaiwen Cheng
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingqing Hu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 322023, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuchen Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China.
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310024, China; Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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137
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Park S, Perumalsamy H, Kim JE, Kim HY, Jun DW, Yoon TH. The impact of G-CSF on mouse immune cells in alcoholic liver disease, focusing on variations in T cells and their subsets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117175. [PMID: 39074426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) significantly affects immune cell function and leads to immunological dysregulation. This study explored the potential of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mitigate the negative effects of alcohol on immune cells in a mouse model of ALD. To investigate the capacity of G-CSF, ALD was induced using a 17-day alcohol-enriched diet, followed by a single G-CSF dose prior to sampling. We focused on the dynamics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells using high-dimensional mass cytometry to detect subtle changes. Alcohol intake reduced the number of B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells while increasing the number of T cells. Notably, G-CSF treatment reversed the alcohol-induced increase in total CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. This effect was remarkable in naïve, effector CD4+ T cells and naïve CD8+ T cells. PhenoGraph and FlowSOM analysis further revealed the recovery effect of G-CSF on specific T cell subgroups, including central memory CD8+ T cells and double-negative T cells expressing Ly6chighCD44high, which are adversely affected by alcohol. These results enhance our understanding of the effect of ALD on immune function and suggest that G-CSF is a potential therapeutic agent, laying the foundation for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehee Park
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Center for Creative Convergence Education, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute for Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Yoon Idea Lab. Co. Ltd., Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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138
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Yu J, Zhou Y. Effect of Lens Deviation on Peripheral Defocus and Optic Quality in Adolescents With Moderate and Severe Myopia. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:375-383. [PMID: 39133174 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of lens deviation on peripheral defocus and optic quality in adolescents with moderate and severe myopia. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 81 children (81 eyes). The spherical equivalent was -5.0≤SE≤-6.0 diopter. The participants were divided into two subgroups based on their eccentricity (inferior temporal) after wearing the lenses for 12 months. Between them, the low eccentric subgroup (A) had a total eccentric distance of less than 0.5 mm, and the moderate and severe eccentric subgroup (B) had a total eccentric distance of ≥0.5 mm. Peripheral defocus and eccentricity were measured before and after wearing the lenses, and the Spearman test was used to compare the parameters. RESULTS Parameters such as the total peripheral defocus (TRDV) were significantly lower in subgroup B than in subgroup A after 12 months of orthokeratology lens usage. The axial length growth (ΔAL) in subgroup A was higher than that in subgroup B. Axial length growth, TRDV, and other parameters were significantly associated with eccentricity. The modulation transfer function cutoff and Strehl ratio were also significantly associated with eccentricity. CONCLUSIONS Greater eccentricity within a certain range can induce greater periretinal defocus and improve the ΔAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu
- Department of Optometry, Ming Vision and Ophthalmology (J.Y., Y.Z.), Jianguomen Branch Clinic, Beijing, China; and Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM (Y.Z.), Chengdu, China
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139
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Zhu YF, Ma JH, Qian H, Shen NN. Risks of bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients undergoing colonoscopy on uninterrupted and interrupted anticoagulant therapy in real-world setting. Thromb Res 2024; 241:109107. [PMID: 39096849 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although anticoagulants may potentially increase the risk of post-colonoscopy bleeding events, temporary discontinuation of medications could elevate the risk of thromboembolism (TE). There is a paucity of data regarding the incidence of bleeding and TE events in patients undergoing colonoscopy while on uninterrupted or interrupted anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, we aimed to ascertain the risks of post-colonoscopy TE and bleeding in patients with continuous or interrupted use of anticoagulant agents. METHODS The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were comprehensively searched from inception to March 15, 2024. We identified studies reporting the incidence of bleeding and TE events in patients undergoing colonoscopy with uninterrupted or interrupted anticoagulant therapy. The pooled incidence rate of bleeding and TE events was estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS This study included a total of 15 studies involving 63, 017 patients. Overall, the incidence of post-procedural bleeding for uninterrupted and interrupted direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) was found to be 3.60 % (95 % CI: 1.60 %-5.60 %), and 0.90 % (95 % CI: 0.10 %-10.30 %), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that older age patients (≥65 years) had a significantly higher rate of bleeding with uninterrupted DOACs therapy compared to younger age patients (< 65 years) (7.20 % vs. 2.00 %). The highest rate of bleeding was observed in Asia (7.20 %, 95 % CI: 2.20 %-12.10 %). Similarly, the risk of bleeding was significantly increased among patients interrupting DOACs therapy in Asia compared to North America (1.40 % vs. 0.26 %). For patients on uninterrupted and interrupted warfarin, a higher rate of bleeding events was observed in older age patients than younger age patients (4.90 % vs. 0.80 %, and 2.20 % vs. 1.70 %, respectively). Uninterrupted warfarin showed a more significant risk of bleeding in Asia (4.20 %, 95%CI: 1.90 %-6.60 %) compared to North America (1.00 %, 95%CI: 0.50 %-1.50 %). Among those who did not interrupt DOACs therapy, the incidence of TE was the lowest (0.08 %, 95%CI: 0.04 %-0.11 %). CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive assessment of bleeding and TE risks in patients undergoing colonoscopy while receiving uninterrupted or interrupted anticoagulant therapy in the real-world setting. The overall incidence of post-colonoscopy bleeding and TE events is relatively low. However, the uninterrupted DOACs and warfarin are associated with an elevated risk of bleeding, particularly among elderly patients and the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Zhu
- Endoscopic center, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shao Xing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Hong Ma
- Endoscopic center, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shao Xing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shao Xing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Nan-Nan Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shao Xing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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140
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Komorovsky R, Moroz V, Masliy S, Palamar T, Holovata T, Dovha I, Smiyan S. Right atrial myxoma attached to the roof of the right atrium. J Echocardiogr 2024; 22:177-178. [PMID: 37804435 DOI: 10.1007/s12574-023-00628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Komorovsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, vul. Klinichna, 1, Ternopil, 46002, Ukraine.
- "Multysono" Medical Center, Ternopil, Ukraine.
| | - Volodymyr Moroz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ternopil Regional Hospital, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Sofia Masliy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, vul. Klinichna, 1, Ternopil, 46002, Ukraine
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ternopil Regional Hospital, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Tamila Palamar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, vul. Klinichna, 1, Ternopil, 46002, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Holovata
- Department of Pathology, Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Dovha
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ternopil Regional Hospital, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Smiyan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, vul. Klinichna, 1, Ternopil, 46002, Ukraine
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Liu H, Deng H, Hu H, Wu C, Huang D, Fang C, Yang J, Xiang N. Laparoscopic Right Posterior Sectionectomy with Preservation of Subsegment Using Augmented Reality Navigation Plus ICG Fluorescence Imaging in Patients with HCC After Conversion Therapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:5642-5644. [PMID: 38769213 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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142
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Ortigosa-Palomo A, Fuentes-Ríos D, Quiñonero F, Melguizo C, Ortiz R, López-Romero JM, Prados J. Evaluation of cytotoxic effect of siphonochilone from African ginger: an in vitro analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:4333-4346. [PMID: 38742918 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Plants provide a wide array of compounds that can be explored for potential anticancer properties. Siphonochilone, a furanoterpene that represents one of the main components of the African plant Siphonochilus aethiopicus, shows numerous health benefits. However, to date, its antiproliferative properties have not been tested. The aim of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic effects of siphonochilone on a panel of cancer cell lines and its underlying mechanism of action. Our results demonstrated that siphonochilone exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on pancreatic, breast, lung, colon, and liver cancer cell lines showing a IC50 ranging from 22 to 124 μM at 72 h of treatment and highlighting its cytotoxic effect against MCF7 and PANC1 breast and pancreas cancer cell lines (22.03 and 39.03 μM, respectively). Cell death in these tumor lines was mediated by apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway, as evidenced by siphonochilone-induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, siphonochilone treatment involves the generation of reactive oxygen species that may contribute to apoptosis induction. In this work, we described for the first time the cytotoxic properties of siphonochilone and provided data about the molecular processes of cell death. Although future studies will be necessary, our results support the interest in this molecule in relation to their clinical application in cancer, and especially in breast and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ortigosa-Palomo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - David Fuentes-Ríos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Quiñonero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raul Ortiz
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M López-Romero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
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O'Sullivan SJ, Buchanan DM, Batail JMV, Williams NR. Should rTMS be considered a first-line treatment for major depressive episodes in adults? Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 165:76-87. [PMID: 38968909 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is an epidemic with rising social, economic, and political costs. In a patient whose major depressive episode (MDE) persists through an adequate antidepressant trial, insurance companies often cover alternative treatments which may include repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). RTMS is an FDA-cleared neuromodulation technique for TRD which is safe, efficacious, noninvasive, and well-tolerated. Recent developments in the optimization of rTMS algorithms and targeting have increased the efficacy of rTMS in treating depression, improved the clinical convenience of these treatments, and decreased the cost of a course of rTMS. In this opinion paper, we make a case for why conventional FDA-cleared rTMS should be considered as a first-line treatment for all adult MDEs. RTMS is compared to other first-line treatments including psychotherapy and SSRIs. These observations suggest that rTMS has similar efficacy, fewer side-effects, lower risk of serious adverse events, comparable compliance, the potential for more rapid relief, and cost-effectiveness. This suggestion, however, would be strengthened by further research with an emphasis on treatment-naive subjects in their first depressive episode, and trials directly contrasting rTMS with SSRIs or psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J O'Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell School of Medicine, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. USA.
| | - Derrick M Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. USA
| | - Jean-Marie V Batail
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Nolan R Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. USA
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144
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Da W, Song Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Wang S, Ma J. The role of TET2 in solid tumors and its therapeutic potential: a comprehensive review. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:2156-2165. [PMID: 38598002 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Indeed, tumors are a significant health concern worldwide, and understanding the underlying mechanisms of tumor development is crucial for effective prevention and treatment. Epigenetics, which refers to changes in gene expression that are not caused by alterations in the DNA sequence itself, plays a critical role in the entire process of tumor development. It goes without saying that the effect of methylation on tumors is a significant aspect of epigenetics. Among the methylation modifications, DNA methylation is an important part, which plays a regulatory role in tumor-related genes. Ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) is a highly influential protein involved in the modification of DNA methylation. Its primary role is associated with the suppression of tumor development, making it a significant player in cancer research. However, TET2 is frequently mentioned in hematological diseases, its role in solid tumors has received little attention. Studying the changes of TET2 in solid tumors and the regulatory mechanism will facilitate its investigation as a clinical target for targeted therapy and may also provide directions for clinical treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Da
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ziyu Song
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road No. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Ouchi A, Iwahori Y, Suzuki K, Funahashi K, Fukui S, Komori K, Kinoshita T, Sato Y, Shimizu Y. Artificial Intelligence Imaging Diagnosis Using Super-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Shape for Lymph Node Metastasis of Low Rectal Cancer: A Pilot Study From a Single Center. Dis Colon Rectum 2024; 67:1131-1138. [PMID: 39122242 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000003381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although accurate preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis is essential for optimizing treatment strategies for low rectal cancer, the accuracy of present diagnostic modalities has room for improvement. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to establish a high-precision diagnostic method for lymph node metastasis of low rectal cancer using artificial intelligence. DESIGN A retrospective observational study. SETTINGS A single cancer center and a college of engineering in Japan. PATIENTS Patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent proctectomy, bilateral lateral pelvic lymph node dissection, and contrast-enhanced multidetector row CT (slice ≤1 mm) between July 2015 and August 2021 were included in the present study. All pelvic lymph nodes from the aortic bifurcation to the upper edge of the anal canal were extracted, regardless of whether within or beyond the total mesenteric excision area, and pathological diagnoses were annotated for training and validation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. RESULTS A total of 596 pathologically negative nodes and 43 positive nodes from 52 patients were extracted and annotated. Four diagnostic methods, with and without using super-resolution images and with and without using 3-dimensional shape data, were performed and compared. The super-resolution + 3-dimensional shape data method had the best diagnostic ability for the combination of sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy (0.964, 0.966, and 0.968, respectively), whereas the super-resolution only method had the best diagnostic ability for the combination of specificity and positive predictive value (0.994 and 0.993, respectively). LIMITATIONS Small number of patients at a single center and the lack of external validation. CONCLUSIONS Our results enlightened the potential of artificial intelligence for the method to become another game changer in the diagnosis and treatment of low rectal cancer. See Video Abstract . DIAGNSTICO POR IMGENES CON INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL MEDIANTE SUPERRESOLUCIN Y FORMA D PARA LA METSTASIS EN LOS GANGLIOS LINFTICOS DEL CNCER DE RECTO BAJO UN ESTUDIO PILOTO DE UN SOLO CENTRO ANTECEDENTES:Aunque el diagnóstico preoperatorio preciso de metástasis en los ganglios linfáticos es esencial para optimizar las estrategias de tratamiento para el cáncer de recto bajo, la precisión de las modalidades de diagnóstico actuales tiene margen de mejora.OBJETIVO:Establecer un método de diagnóstico de alta precisión para las metástasis en los ganglios linfáticos del cáncer de recto bajo utilizando inteligencia artificial.DISEÑO:Un estudio observacional retrospectivo.AJUSTE:Un único centro oncológico y una facultad de ingeniería en Japón.PACIENTES:En el presente estudio se incluyeron pacientes con adenocarcinoma rectal bajo sometidos a proctectomía, disección bilateral de ganglios linfáticos pélvicos laterales y tomografía computarizada con múltiples detectores con contraste (corte ≤1 mm) entre julio de 2015 y agosto de 2021. Se resecaron todos los ganglios linfáticos pélvicos desde la bifurcación aórtica hasta el borde superior del canal anal, independientemente de si estaban dentro o más allá del área de escisión mesentérica total, y se registraron los diagnósticos patológicos para entrenamiento y validación.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, valor predictivo negativo y precisión.RESULTADOS:Se extrajeron y registraron un total de 596 ganglios patológicamente negativos y 43 positivos de 52 pacientes. Se realizaron y compararon cuatro métodos de diagnóstico, con y sin imágenes de súper resolución y sin datos de imagen en 3D. El método de superresolución + datos de imagen en 3D tuvo la mejor capacidad de diagnóstico para la combinación de sensibilidad, valor predictivo negativo y precisión (0,964, 0,966 y 0,968, respectivamente), mientras que el método de súper resolución solo tuvo la mejor capacidad de diagnóstico para la combinación de especificidad y valor predictivo positivo (0,994 y 0,993, respectivamente).LIMITACIONES:Pequeño número de pacientes en un solo centro y falta de validación externa.CONCLUSIONES:Nuestros resultados iluminan el potencial de la inteligencia artificial para que el método se convierta en otro elemento de cambio en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de recto bajo. (Traducción ---Dr. Fidel Ruiz Healy ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ouchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwahori
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Suzuki
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Funahashi
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukui
- Department of Information Education, Aichi University of Education, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Komori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
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Hayes SC, Bernas M, Plinsinga ML, Pyke C, Saunders C, Piller N, Moffatt C, Keeley V, Kruger N, Reul-Hirche H, McCarthy AL. Breast cancer-related arm lymphoedema: a critical unmet need. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 75:102762. [PMID: 39170935 PMCID: PMC11338143 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bernas
- Texas Christian University, Burnett School of Medicine, Fort Worth, USA
| | - Melanie L. Plinsinga
- Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Vaughan Keeley
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Lymphoedema Department, Derby, UK
| | - Natalie Kruger
- Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Physiotherapy Department, Australia
| | - Hildegard Reul-Hirche
- Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Physiotherapy Department, Australia
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147
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Nasca V, Prinzi N, Coppa J, Prisciandaro M, Oldani S, Ghelardi F, Conca E, Capone I, Busico A, Perrone F, Tamborini E, Sabella G, Greco G, Greco FG, Tafuto S, Procopio G, Morano F, Niger M, Maccauro M, Milione M, de Braud F, Pietrantonio F, Pusceddu S. Sunitinib for the treatment of patients with advanced pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas: The phase 2 non-randomized SUTNET clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2024; 209:114276. [PMID: 39128186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by high morbidity and limited systemic treatment options, mainly based on radiometabolic treatments or chemotherapy. Based on the preclinical rationale that PGGLs carcinogenesis relies on angiogenesis, treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) may represent another viable therapeutic option. METHODS We conducted a prospective phase II study in patients with metastatic or unresectable PGGLs. Patients received sunitinib (50 mg daily for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest period) until progressive disease (PD), unacceptable toxicity or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint was 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate; secondary endpoints were safety overall response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1 criteria and overall survival (OS). EudraCT Number: 2011-002632-99. RESULTS Fifty patients were included. At a median follow-up of 71.7 months (IQR 35.4-100.1), the 1 year-PFS rate was 53.4 % (95 %CI 41.1-69.3) and median PFS was 14.1 months (95 % CI 8.9-25.7). ORR was 15.6 %, the median OS was 49.4 months (95 %CI 21.2-NA), and grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events were reported in 34 % patients. No significant correlation was found between specific genetic alterations or genomic clusters and sunitinib efficacy. CONCLUSION Sunitinib is an active drug in patients with advanced PGGLs, capable of inducing prolonged disease control with a manageable toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Nasca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Natalie Prinzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jorgelina Coppa
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Prisciandaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Oldani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Ghelardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Conca
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Iolanda Capone
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Adele Busico
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Perrone
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tamborini
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sabella
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Greco
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Tafuto
- Sarcoma and Rare Tumors Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy; ENETs Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Morano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Niger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Maccauro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, ENETS Center of Excellence, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Milione
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pusceddu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy; ENETS Center of Excellence, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy.
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148
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Sirtl S, Bretthauer K, Ahmad M, Hohmann E, Schmidt VF, Allawadhi P, Vornhülz M, Klauss S, Goni E, Vielhauer J, Orgler E, Saka D, Knoblauch M, Hofmann FO, Schirra J, Schulz C, Beyer G, Mahajan UM, Mayerle J, Zorniak M. Severity of Gallstone-, Sludge-, or Microlithiasis-Induced Pancreatitis-All of the Same? Pancreas 2024; 53:e633-e640. [PMID: 38696426 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Severity of microlithiasis- and sludge-induced pancreatitis in comparison to gallstone-induced pancreatitis has never been studied for a lack of definition. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, 263 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis treated at a tertiary care center from 2005 to 2021 were stratified according to the recent consensus definition for microlithiasis and sludge. The gallstone-pancreatitis cohort was compared to microlithiasis, sludge, and suspected stone passage pancreatitis cohorts in terms of pancreatitis outcome, liver function, and endosonography/endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography results using one-way analysis of variance and χ 2 test. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to correct for bias. RESULTS Microlithiasis- and sludge-induced pancreatitis, classified according to the revised Atlanta classification, did not present with a milder course than gallstone-induced pancreatitis ( P = 0.62). Microlithiasis and sludge showed an increase in bilirubin on the day of admission to hospital, which was not significantly different from gallstone-induced pancreatitis ( P = 0.36). The likelihood of detecting biliary disease on endosonography resulting in bile duct clearance was highest on the day of admission and day 1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Microlithiasis and sludge induce gallstone-equivalent impaired liver function tests and induce pancreatitis with similar severity compared with gallstone-induced acute biliary pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mathilda Knoblauch
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Felix O Hofmann
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
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Doroudian S, Osterman E, Glimelius B. Risk Factors for Recurrence After Surgery for Rectal Cancer in a Modern, Nationwide Population-Based Cohort. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:5570-5584. [PMID: 38853216 PMCID: PMC11300512 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of modern multimodal treatment in rectal cancer is dependent on risk prediction. Better knowledge of the risk of locoregional and distant recurrence, in relation to preoperative treatment, pathological stage, and commonly used risk factors, is needed when deciding on adjuvant therapy and surveillance. METHODS The Swedish ColoRectal Cancer Registry was used to identify patients diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma between 2011 and 2018. Readily available variables, including patient, tumor, and treatment factors were exposures. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify important risk factors for recurrence and calculate recurrence risks. RESULTS A total of 9428 curatively resected patients were included and followed for a median of 72 months. Eighteen percent had distal recurrence and 3% had locoregional recurrence at 5 years. Risk factors with major impact on distal recurrence were pT4a (hazard ratio [HR] 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.3-8.0), pN2b (HR 3.4, 95% CI 2.7-4.2), tumor deposit (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-1.9), lymph node yield (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.8), and tumor level 0-5 cm (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.8). Pathologic stage and number of risk factors identified groups with markedly different recurrence risks in all neoadjuvant treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Readily available risk factors, as a complement to stage, are still valid and robust in all neoadjuvant treatment groups. Tumor deposit is important, while circumferential resection margin might no longer be important with improved oncological treatments and high-quality TME surgery. Tailored surveillance is possible in selected groups using risk stratification based on stage and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Doroudian
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden.
- Department of Surgery, Gävle County Hospital, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Erik Osterman
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bengt Glimelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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150
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Chen LW, Mo HY, Shan CH, Chen X, Han C, Tao FB, Gao H. Health hazards of preconception phthalate exposure: A scoping review of epidemiology studies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116763. [PMID: 39047367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
There is a close relationship between preconception health and maternal and child health outcomes, and the consequences may be passed down from generation to generation. In 2018, Lancet published three consecutive articles emphasizing the importance of the preconception period. Phthalic acid ester (PAE) exposure during this period may affect gametogenesis and epigenetic information in gametophytes, thereby affecting embryonic development and offspring health. Therefore, this article reviews the effects of parental preconception PAE exposure on reproductive/birth outcomes and offspring health, to provide new evidence on this topic. We searched Web of Science, MEDLINE (through PubMed), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), ScienceDirect, and the VIP Journal Library from the date of database establishment to July 3, 2024. Finally, 12 articles were included. Three studies investigated the health hazards (effects on birth weight, abortion, etc.) of women's preconception PAE exposure. Nine studies involved both parents. Nine studies considered the impacts of PAE preconception exposure on reproductive/birth outcomes, focusing on birth weight, pregnancy loss, preterm birth, embryo quality, and placental weight. Three studies considered the impacts of preconception PAE exposure on offspring behavior. The results of this review suggested that parental preconception PAE exposure may have an impact on reproductive/birth outcomes and offspring behavior, including birth weight, child behavior, and dietary behavior. However, studies on the health hazards of preconception PAE exposure are relatively scarce, and the outcomes of current studies are varied. It is necessary to use systematic reviews to verify an accurate research question to provide recommendations for public health policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Hua-Yan Mo
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Chun-Han Shan
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Chen Han
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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