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Wahid M, Saqib F. Scientific basis for medicinal use of Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) in diarrhea and asthma: In vitro, in vivo and in silico studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153978. [PMID: 35158236 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, commonly farmed as an edible vegetable around the globe. It has been used in traditional therapies in addition to nutritional advantages. Traditional herbal practitioners employ C. lanatus seeds to treat gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary diseases in Pakistan and India. However, more investigation is needed to understand the effect of C. lanatus seeds on treating gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary disorders. PURPOSE This research aimed to use network pharmacology and molecular docking to understand multi-target mechanisms of C. lanatus seeds against asthma and diarrhea and to validate its effects using biological tests to investigate antispasmodic and bronchodilator capabilities. METHODS The ground seeds of C. lanatus were extracted in hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol, and aqueous for sequential extracts. The bioactive components in sequential extracts of C. lanatus seeds were identified using LC ESI-MS/MS, and specific compounds were quantified using HPLC. The quantified bioactive compounds of C. lanatus were subjected to in silico studies for network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate their role in antispasmodic and bronchodilator properties. The sequential extracts were tested on isolated rabbit tissue, i.e., jejunum, trachea, and urinary bladder. The antiperistalsis, antidiarrheal and antisecretory studies were also performed in animal models. RESULTS In silico studies indicate that bioactive chemicals from sequential extracts of C. lanatus seeds interfere with asthma and diarrhea-associated pathogenic genes. Those are members of calcium mediate signaling, cholinergic synapse, regulation of cytosolic calcium concentration, smooth muscle contraction, and inflammatory responses. It was also found that rutin, quercitrin, stearic acid, umbelliferone, and kaempferol were stronger binding to voltage-gated calcium channels and muscarinic M3 receptor, thus exerting calcium channel blocker activity and cholinergic receptor stimulant response. On isolated jejunum, trachea, and urinary preparations, sequential extracts of C. lanatus seeds elicited the spasmolytic response and showed the relaxation of spastic contractions of K+ (80 mM) and carbachol (1 µM). Furthermore, it induced a non-parallel rightward shift in calcium concentration-response curves with suppression. In animal models, C. lanatus seed extracts exhibited partially or completely antiperistalsis, antidiarrheal, and antisecretory effects. CONCLUSION Thus, Citrullus lanatus had therapeutic benefits by modulating the contractile response through calcium-mediated signaling target proteins, hence exerting bronchodilator and antidiarrheal properties. The current study provides evidence for further mechanistic studies and the development of C. lanatus seeds as a potential therapeutic intervention for patients with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (60000), Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (60000), Pakistan.
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152
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El-shafey RS, Baloza SH, Mohammed LA, Nasr HE, Soliman MM, Ghamry HI, Elgendy SA. The ameliorative impacts of wheat germ oil against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers: involvement of anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activities. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:325-338. [PMID: 35510233 PMCID: PMC9052321 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined if wheat germ oil (WGO) has gastroprotective impacts against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Rats were assigned into control, WGO, ethanol, omeprazole + ethanol, and WGO + ethanol. WGO prevented gastric ulceration and damage induced by ethanol, the same effect induced by omeprazole, a widely known medication used for gastric ulcer treatment. WGO reduced gastric ulcer index, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels in the stomach. WGO boosted the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bcl2, and the antioxidants. WGO showed inflammatory and anti-inflammatory impacts through the control of interleukin (IL)-1β, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10 that were altered in ethanol-administered rats. Ethanol up-regulated caspase-3 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) expression and showed histopathological changes such as necrosis and mucosal degeneration that were mitigated by pre-administration of WGO. Moreover, WGO decreased gastric immunoreactivity of NF-kB and increased transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) that were associated with upregulation of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and antioxidant expression and production. In conclusion, WGO reduced ethanol-induced stomach toxicity by regulating genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic/antiapoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Shaban El-shafey
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Samar H Baloza
- Genetic and Genetic Engineering, Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Lina Abdelhady Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Hend Elsayed Nasr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I Ghamry
- Department of Home Economics, College of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha,61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa A Elgendy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
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153
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Amelioration of Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma by Juglans regia via Downregulation of Inflammatory Cytokines and Upregulation of Aquaporin-1 and Aquaporin-5 in Mice. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:6530095. [PMID: 35401757 PMCID: PMC8986429 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6530095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglans regia (J. regia) has been used traditionally to treat cough and asthma. The present study evaluates the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential of J. regia against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. Intraperitoneal sensitization proceeded by intranasal challenge with OVA was used to induce allergic asthma. BALB/c mice were treated with methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts of J. regia and methylprednisolone one week after 2nd sensitization with OVA and continued for 7 days. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, AQP-1, AQP-5 TNF-α, TGF-β, and NF-kB were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Hematoxylin and eosin, and periodic acidic-Schiff stains were used for histopathological studies of lung tissues. The data presented all three extracts of J. regia significantly ameliorated airway inflammation by reducing expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and TNF-α in OVA-treated mice. The suppression of goblet cells hyperplasia and inflammatory cells infiltration by J. regia involved low TGF-β and NF-kB levels. Pretreatment with J. regia also increased the AQP-1 and AQP-5 expression levels in mice treated with OVA. This study supported the traditional use of J. regia and proposed that J. regia ameliorated allergic asthma by suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and elevation of AQP-1 and AQP-5 expression levels.
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154
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Yu Y, Wang M, Yu X, Yan Y, Yu B, Zhang D. Targeting Forkhead box O1-aquaporin 5 axis mitigates neuropathic pain in a CCI rat model through inhibiting astrocytic and microglial activation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8567-8580. [PMID: 35324416 PMCID: PMC9161847 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2053032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is a critical molecule in modulating cell growth, differentiation and metabolism, acting as a vital transcription factor. This study explored the role of FoxO1 in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain (NP). Microglial and astrocyte activation was achieved with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/mL) to establish an in-vitro NP model. Morphological alterations in LPS-induced microglia and astrocytes were assayed by light microscopy. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and proteins in microglia and astrocytes were gauged by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot (WB). The CCI-induced NP rat model was constructed for investigating the FoxO1-AQP5 axis in NP. LPS markedly expanded the expression of inflammatory factors and boosted the expression of FoxO1 and AQP5 in microglia and astrocytes. Inhibition of FoxO1 or AQP5 dramatically decreased the LPS-induced inflammation in microglia and astrocytes. In vivo, CCI exacerbated the inflammatory response and NP symptoms and substantially raised the contents of FoxO1 and AQP5 in rats' spinal cord tissues. Intrathecal administration of the Sirt1 agonist Resveratrol abated CCI-induced activation of FoxO1 and AQP5, abrogated CCI-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia, depressed microglial and astrocyte activation, and declined the generation of pro-inflammatory mediators in spinal cord tissues. Mechanistically, blocking the FoxO1-AQP5 pathway inactivated the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. Suppressing the FoxO1-AQP5 axis alleviated CCI-induced NP and inflammatory responses by modulating the ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoping Yu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dayin Zhang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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155
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Pharmacological evaluation of anti-arthritic potential of terpinen-4-ol using in vitro and in vivo assays. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:945-959. [PMID: 35320496 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Terpinen 4-ol, a phytochemical is a monoterpene which has been reported for its anti-inflammatory effect. Present research was planned to check its effect against arthritis through in vitro and in vivo models. Terpinen 4-ol was evaluated through in-vitro procedures including blocking of protein (BSA and egg albumin) denaturation and human RBC membrane stabilization. In in vivo study, terpinen 4-ol (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg) was evaluated using formaldehyde and CFA arthritic models. Terpinen 4-ol significantly inhibited increase in paw and joint swelling as compared to diseased group. Terpinen 4-ol showed remarkable antioxidant effect (SOD, reducing power) and also improved body weight, haematological, histopathological and radiological parameters in CFA model. Also, moreover, the excess production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IRAK, and NF-kB were noticeably attenuated in all terpinen 4-ol treated rats, however, IL-17 and IL-10 were distinctly increased compared to arthritic control rats in RT-PCR. Also, terpinen 4-ol showed promising antioxidant effect in DPPH assay. Henceforth, it might be concluded that terpinen 4-ol has anti-arthritic effect which can be attributed to the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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156
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Khan MUA, Akhtar T, Khan MYA, Muhammad Asif Faheem, Faheem MA, Salahuddin Z, Muhammad N. Role of interleukin-4 and their antagonistic effect in asthma. GERIATRIC CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.4081/gc.2022.10150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways, characterize by wheezing cough, chest tightness along with inflammation of airway and shortness of breath. Allergens like environmental substance are predispose asthmatics patients to allergy. Mast cells produced interleukin (IL)- 4 which either activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT-6) pathway that involved in differentiation of na ve T-cells to TH2 or activation of TH2 cells indirectly. The aim of the current context is to present role of IL-4 in asthma and effect as antagonist. IL-4 results in increased mucus production and involve in IgE synthesis from B cells. IL4 facilitate chemotaxis and aid in displaying of VCAM-1 which attract eosinophil basophils monocytes T-lymphocytes to blood vessel. IL4 inhibit apoptosis either by preventing decrease in BCL-2 level or binding of FasL to Fas (cd32) receptor which result in acute allergic response. Elevated level of IL-4 has greatly adverse impact on asthmatic patients so by decreasing the level of IL-4 will greatly reduce asthma phenotype.
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157
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Haider SI, Asif A, Rasheed HMF, Akram A, Jabeen Q. Caralluma tuberculata exhibits analgesic and anti-arthritic potential by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuating oxidative stress. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:621-638. [PMID: 35257282 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00949-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Caralluma tuberculata N.E. Brown (Common name: Chongan), belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae is distributed widely in hilly areas of Dir, Swat, Kohat and in plain lands of Punjab, Pakistan. The plant has been used as a source of vegetable as well as home remedy for headache, muscle spasms and rheumatism. The present study was proposed to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of the aqueous methanolic extract of C. tuberculata (ICE). The dried shoots of plant were used to prepare aqueous methanolic extract (30:70) by 3 days thrice maceration and filtration followed by evaporation under reduced pressure. ICE was screened for the presence of phytochemicals using preliminary phytochemical analysis and HPLC. The antioxidant potential was evaluated through DPPH assay. Analgesic potential of ICE was studied using hot plate and tail immersion methods, and anti-inflammatory activity was performed using turpentine oil and carrageenan-induced inflammation models, in wistar albino rats. Formaldehyde-induced and Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced arthritis models were used for the assessment of anti-arthritic activity of ICE and its effects on serum levels of PGE-2 as well as gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were studied. ICE displayed a dose-dependent (300-1000 mg/Kg p.o.) analgesic effect in hot plate (maximum retention time of 10.87 and 13 s) and tail immersion (response time of 11 and 13.64 s) tests at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/Kg, respectively. The extract exhibited a significant decrease in paw inflammation of rats at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/Kg as compared to the disease control group. ICE also exhibited a remarkable decline in arthritic score and a dose-dependent drop in serum levels of prostaglandin E2. There was a significant suppression in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB and cyclooxygenase enzyme in treatment groups. This study concludes that Caralluma tuberculata exhibits strong analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities thus upholding the vernacular use of the plant for pain and rheumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ihtisham Haider
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. .,Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Awais Asif
- Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Farhan Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.,Drugs Testing Laboratory, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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158
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Polystichum braunii ameliorates airway inflammation by attenuation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and pulmonary edema by elevation of aquaporins in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthmatic mice. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:639-653. [PMID: 35257281 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of pulmonary airways associated with bronchial hyper-responsiveness. The study was aimed to validate the folkloric use of Polystichum braunii (PB) against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic and chemical characterization OF both extracts. Allergic asthma was developed by intraperitoneal sensitization with an OVA on days 1 and 14 followed by intranasal challenge. Mice were treated with PB methanolic (PBME) and aqueous extract (PBAE) orally at 600, 300, and 150 mg/kg and using dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) as standard from day 15 to 26. High performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds such as catechin, vanillic acid, and quercetin. The PBME and PBAE profoundly (p < 0.0001-0.05) declined immunoglobulin E level, lungs wet/dry weight ratio, and total and differential leukocyte count in blood and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid of treated mice in contrast to disease control. Histopathological examination showed profoundly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia in treated groups. Both extracts caused significant (p < 0.0001-0.05) diminution of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB and upregulation of aquaporins (1 and 5), which have led to the amelioration of pulmonary inflammation and attenuation of lung edema in treated mice. Both extracts profoundly (p < 0.0001-0.05) restored the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH and reduced the level of MDA dose dependently. Both extracts possessed significant anti-asthmatic action mainly PBME 600 mg/kg might be due to phenols and flavonoids and could be used as a potential therapeutic option in the management of allergic asthma.
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159
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Tariq S, Tariq S, Abualhamael SA, Shahzad M. Effect of Ibandronate Therapy on Serum Chemerin, Vaspin, Omentin-1 and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Females. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:822671. [PMID: 35222038 PMCID: PMC8864312 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.822671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a condition in which bone mineral density is reduced due to altered bone microstructure, which results in increased skeletal fragility and incidence of various types of fractures. Adipokines such as chemerin, vaspin, omentin-1 and osteoprotegerin are involved in bone remodeling. The current study was designed to determine the changes in circulating chemerin, vaspin, omentin-1, and osteoprotegerin levels after treatment with oral ibandronate 150 mg in postmenopausal osteoporotic females. The present study enrolled 107 postmenopausal osteoporotic females from a tertiary care hospital in Faisalabad, Pakistan, based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sixty-six healthy postmenopausal, non-osteoporotic females with no systemic illness were chosen from the general population. The assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) was done using a DEXA scan. Serum levels of chemerin, vaspin, omentin-1 and osteoprotegerin were estimated using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The collected data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Following 6 months of ibandronate treatment, there was a significant decrease of 24.24% (p < .033) in serum chemerin levels, as well as a significant increase in serum vaspin levels 343.32% (p < .001) and osteoprotegerin levels 19.57% (p < .001), with no significant change in omentin-1 levels. Thus, an increase in serum chemerin levels and a decrease in serum vaspin and osteoprotegerin levels could be implicated in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Tariq
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University Medical and Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Tariq
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University Medical and Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Physiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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160
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Farrukh M, Saleem U, Qasim M, Manan M, Shah MA. Sarcococca saligna extract attenuates formaldehyde-induced arthritis in Wistar rats via modulation of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory biomarkers. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:579-597. [PMID: 35218463 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sarcococca saligna plant is commonly used as traditional therapy for arthritis especially in Asian countries. The current study is designed to explore the anti-arthritic potential of S. saligna aqueous methanolic extract (SSME). Preliminary proximate study and HPLC analysis were performed to investigate the phytochemical characterization and quality control. The safety of the SSME was evaluated by performing an acute oral toxicity study (OECD guidelines 425). The anti-arthritic potential of SSME was explored by in vivo formaldehyde-induced arthritis model. The antiarthritic effect of the SSME was determined through paw diameter, arthritic index, body weight, biochemical and haematological parameters. Radiographic and histopathological studies were also carried out to evaluate the results. qRT-PCR was performed to determine the upregulation and downregulation of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in rats while ELISA was done to determine the concentration of HSP-70, IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum. Results of acute oral toxicity showed no abnormality and mortality. There was no noticeable change in haematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological examination exhibited the normal structure of vital organs. So, SSME might be safe at a 2000 mg/kg dose, proposing that LD50 was higher than 2000 mg/kg body weight. Gallic acid, catechin, hydroxyl benzoic acid, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and p-cumaric acid were identified by HPLC. The outcomes of in vivo formaldehyde-induced arthritic model showed that SSME significantly reduced paw inflammation and arthritic index and improved haematological and biochemical parameters. Moreover, the SSME influentially down-regulated the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, PGE2, TNF-α and NF-κB, and up-regulated the expression of IL-4, and IL-10. The results of the undertaken study suggest that S. saligna have strong anti-arthritic activity supporting its conventional application as the remedy of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farrukh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Manan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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161
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Nerolidol: a potential approach in rheumatoid arthritis through reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-kB, COX-2 and antioxidant effect in CFA-induced arthritic model. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:537-548. [PMID: 35212850 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is primarily associated with inflammation and increased level of proinflammatory cytokines which are released by immune cells, macrophages or activation of arachidonic acid metabolism. The expression of these cytokines, oxidative free radicals and the activation of COX-2 enzymes are crucial targets for chronic inflammation. On the basis of established anti-inflammatory efficacy of nerolidol, the primary study was further appraised to determine its approach against Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) rheumatoid model. Arthritis was induced by inoculation of 0.1 mL CFA injection into the left hind footpad of rats. Anti-arthritic potential of nerolidol (at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg doses) was assessed by measuring the paw volume, body weight, serum analysis, histopathological and radiographs of ankle joints. Expressions of cytokine's panels such as IL-10, IL-4, COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α, IL-6, PGE-2 and IL-1β were determined by real-time qPCR. Antioxidant enzyme analyses were conducted by measuring the SOD, POD and catalase activity from serum and equated with arthritic control group. Nerolidol prevented body weight loss, stabilized biochemical and haematological homeostasis and significantly reduced the paw volume. Furthermore, X-ray and histopathological assessment of ankle joints showed an improvement in the joint structure of rats treated with nerolidol. Besides that, overexpression of gene pointers like TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-kB, PGE-2 and COX-2 in CFA-treated control rats were also reversed with nerolidol. This anti-arthritic mechanism was further supported by the increased level of IL-10, IL-4 and serum antioxidant activity. The present findings demonstrate that nerolidol reduced adjuvant arthritis by downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines and upregulating the aforementioned anti-inflammatory cytokines and may be used as a therapeutic substance for the management of human rheumatoid arthritis.
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162
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Gil TY, Jin BR, An HJ. Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammation via STAT/MAPK signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Mol Immunol 2022; 144:106-116. [PMID: 35219015 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin disorder that exhibits clinical relapse. The disruption of the skin barrier increases the symptoms of AD, which is accompanied by a reduction in skin integrity. As an immune barrier, the skin plays a crucial role in regulating the inflammatory responses in AD. In this study, we used murine atopic dermatitis model using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzen (DNCB), which is one of haptens to disrupt the skin barrier and generate the inflammation. As the small molecule, DNCB is easily penetrate the epidermis and binds to tissue proteins provoking immune responses. We evaluated the effects of an aqueous extract of Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg (PJT) in an experimental model of AD by measuring the mRNA and protein expression of cytokines and their related biomarkers. We examined the dorsal skin lesions, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), scratching behavior, expression of molecules related to skin barrier integrity, and histological changes in a murine model of DNCB- induced AD. We found out the down-regulatory effects of PJT on the AD-like symptoms or inflammatory dorsal lesions. For in vitro study, we used a mixture of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in human keratinocytes. The protein and mRNA expressions of skin barrier molecules and inflammatory markers were measured with western blotting and qRT-PCR assays, respectively. As a result, PJT alleviated the AD-like symptoms, and suppressed the inflammation caused by a TNF-α and IFN-γ in human keratinocytes. The regulatory effects of PJT appeared to be mediated via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways both in vivo and in vitro. Altogether, the results indicated that PJT could serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for suppressing AD by inhibiting inflammation and improving the integrity of the skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea.
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163
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Diabetes und Migration. DIABETOLOGE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11428-022-00865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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164
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Şehitoğlu MH, Öztopuz Ö, Karaboğa İ, Ovalı MA, Uzun M. Humic Acid Has Protective Effect on Gastric Ulcer by Alleviating Inflammation in Rats. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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165
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Mahmoud MF, Nabil M, Hasan RA, El-Shazly AM, El-Ansari MA, Sobeh M. Pentagalloyl Glucose, a Major Compound in Mango Seed Kernel, Exhibits Distinct Gastroprotective Effects in Indomethacin-Induced Gastropathy in Rats via Modulating the NO/eNOS/iNOS Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:800986. [PMID: 35211013 PMCID: PMC8862146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.800986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcers are a common health disorder that affect up to 10% of the world’s population. The gastroprotective potential of pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) against indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats and the possible underlying mechanisms were investigated. Gastric ulceration was induced by indomethacin (single dose, 60 mg/kg). Pretreatment with PGG (100 or 200 mg/kg, orally) for 8 days prior to the administration of indomethacin furnished significant reductions in gastric mucosal lesions as well as a significant increase in mucus concentration. Also, PGG significantly declined the elevations in gastric mucosal MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, PECAM-1, VEGF, and iNOS expression. It also mitigated the decrease in GSH and GPx and eNOS expression observed with indomethacin. The protective effects furnished by PGG were comparable to that of famotidine. The obtained results suggested that the anti-ulcer effects of PGG are mediated by increasing mucus production, scavenging free radicals, decreasing inflammation, and attenuating the NO/NOS signaling in favor of eNOS. To sum up, PGG could provide a potential therapy for gastric ulcer after evaluating its efficacy and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mansour Sobeh, Mona F. Mahmoud,
| | - Mohamed Nabil
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Mina, Egypt
| | - Rehab A. Hasan
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Ansari
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Mansour Sobeh, Mona F. Mahmoud,
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Minimally-Invasive and Efficient Method to Accurately Fit the Bergman Minimal Model to Diabetes Type 2. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:267-279. [PMID: 35611162 PMCID: PMC9124285 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-022-00719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a global burden that is expected to grow 25 % by 2030. This will increase the need for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Animal and individualized in silico models will allow understanding and compensation for inter and intra-individual differences in treatment and management strategies for diabetic patients. The method presented here can advance the concept of personalized medicine. Methods Twenty experiments were performed with Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes in which the insulin-glucose response curve was recorded over 60-100 min using only an insulin pump and a percutaneous glucose sensor. The information was used to fit the five-parameter Bergman Minimal Model to the experimental results using a genetic algorithm with a root-mean-squared optimization rule. Results The Bergman Minimal Model parameters were estimated with high accuracy, low prediction bias, and low average root-mean-squared error of 15.27 mg/dl glucose. Conclusions This study demonstrates a simple method to accurately parameterize the Bergman Minimal Model. We used Sprague-Dawley rats since their physiology is close to that of humans. The parameters can be used to objectively characterize the physiological severity of diabetes. In this way, planned treatments can compensate for natural variations of conditions both inter and intra patients. Changes in parameters indicate the patient's diabetic condition using values of glucose effectiveness ( S G = p 1 ) and insulin sensitivity ( S I = p 3 / p 2 ). Quantifying the diabetic patient's condition is consistent with the trend toward personalized medicine. Parameter values can also be used to explain atypical research results of other studies and increase understanding of diabetes.
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167
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Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Productivity on Vitamin D and Bone Metabolism (2001-2020): Learn from the Past to Plan Future. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030542. [PMID: 35276901 PMCID: PMC8838326 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has long been known for preserving bone and non-skeletal health. Despite its magnitude of impact, scarce literature has explored the evolution of the relevant published literature. This study aimed at evaluating the trends and performance of Vitamin D and bone metabolism-related publications (2001−2020). All pertinent English language 16,887 articles were searched and extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database and “R-Bibliometrix” was used for comprehensive analysis. Around 60,149 authors contributed from 114 countries, showing the USA on top with >1/4th of all articles, followed by Japan, China, and the United Kingdom. For authors, Cooper C, Dawson-Hughes B, and Holick MF were found to have written the most articles, citations and highest h-index, respectively. Corresponding authors from the top 20 countries collectively were responsible for around 84% of the articles. Among 2735 sources, Osteoporosis International (632), Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (569), and Bone (448) were foremost. Most prominent sources showed recent declining contributions. The increasing trend of publications with a higher spike from 2008 to 2014, followed by a gradual increase till 2017, was observed. Leading countries, affiliations, and authors showed collaborative publications and were mostly from developed countries with limited contributions, particularly from low- and middle-income countries.
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168
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Remedial Action of Yoghurt Enriched with Watermelon Seed Milk on Renal Injured Hyperuricemic Rats. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of plant-based dairy alternatives has increased rapidly around the world as a result of numerous positive health effects. Little information is available about the potential use of watermelon seed milk in the manufacture of yoghurt. The present study was undertaken to investigate the remedial action of yoghurt enriched with watermelon seed milk in renal injured hyperuricemic rats. A new yoghurt, substituting cow’s milk with different proportions of watermelon seed milk was prepared, followed by evaluation of its acceptability and functionality. Four different types of yoghurt were prepared from cow’s milk containing 3% fat, with different proportions of blended watermelon seed milk (0.0, 25, 50 and 75%). Sensorial traits, i.e., appearance, flavor, body and texture, and overall acceptability demonstrated that the blended treatment (50% cow’s milk and 50% watermelon seed milk.) was the most acceptable. This blend was then tested as an anti-hyperuricemia agent in rats. In this respect, twenty-four male albino rats were assigned into four groups (n = 6). The first group was solely administered a standard diet, and served as the negative control. The other rats (n = 18) received a basal diet including 20 g/kg dietary potassium oxonate in order to induce hyperuricemia. The hyperuricemic rats were then divided into three groups; the first group did not receive any treatment and served as the positive control, while the second and third groups were administered 10% cow’s milk yoghurt and 10% watermelon seed milk yoghurt, respectively. Interestingly, the results showed that the hyperuricemic group receiving a diet supplemented with 10% watermelon seed milk yoghurt was not significantly different from the negative control in the measured biological parameters, and saw a significant improvement in renal function compared to the positive control. The biologically favorable action of watermelon seed milk yoghurt could be attributed to its potential promotion of antioxidant status via enhancement of the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione transferase. Collectively, this study concluded that watermelon seed milk can be used in yoghurt manufacturing in proportions of up to 50%, and may improve kidney function as an anti-hyperuricemic agent.
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169
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Identification of Cyclic Sulfonamides with an N-Arylacetamide Group as α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitors: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010106. [PMID: 35056163 PMCID: PMC8777765 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a complicated metabolic disorder, is due to insensitivity to insulin function or reduction in insulin secretion, which results in postprandial hyperglycemia. α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) and α-amylase inhibitors (AAIs) block the function of digestive enzymes, which delays the carbohydrate hydrolysis process and ultimately helps to control the postprandial hyperglycemia. Diversified 2-(3-(3-methoxybenzoyl)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxido-2H-benzo[e][1,2]thiazin-2-yl)-N-arylacetamides were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. The compounds with chloro, bromo and methyl substituents demonstrated good inhibition of α-glucosidase enzymes having IC50 values in the range of 25.88–46.25 μM, which are less than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 58.8 μM). Similarly, some derivatives having chloro, bromo and nitro substituents were observed potent inhibitors of α-amylase enzyme, with IC50 values of 7.52 to 15.06 μM, lower than acarbose (IC50 = 17.0 μM). In addition, the most potent compound, N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methoxybenzoyl)-1,1-dioxido-2H-benzo[e][1,2]thiazin-2-yl)acetamide (12i), was found to be a non-competitive and competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, respectively, during kinetic studies. The molecular docking studies provided the binding modes of active compounds and the molecular dynamics simulation studies of compound 12i in complex with α-amylase also showed that the compound is binding in a fashion similar to that predicted by molecular docking studies.
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170
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Lokman MS, Zaafar D, Althagafi HA, Abdel Daim MM, Theyab A, Hasan Mufti A, Algahtani M, Habotta OA, Alghamdi AAA, Alsharif KF, Albrakati A, Oyouni AAA, Bauomy AA, Baty RS, Zhery AS, Hassan KE, Abdel Moneim AE, Kassab RB. Antiulcer activity of proanthocyanidins is mediated via suppression of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic machineries. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14070. [PMID: 35034361 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a lesion in the gastric mucosa associated with excessive oxidative damage, inflammatory response, apoptotic events, and irritation which may develop into cancer. However, medications commonly used in GU treatment cannot normalize gastric mucosa, while causing several adverse effects. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are dietary flavonoids with numerous biological and pharmacological activities. In the current investigation, we studied the potential anti-ulcerative activity of PAs against acidified ethanol (HCl/ethanol)-caused gastric ulceration. Fifty male albino Wistar rats were allocated into five equal groups: control, HCl/ethanol (3 mL/kg), lansoprazole (LPZ, 30 mg/kg) + HCl/ethanol, and PAs (100 and 250 mg/kg) + HCl/ethanol. LPZ and PAs were applied one week before gastric ulcer induction. PAs pretreatment notably reduced gastric mucosal macroscopic and microscopic pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, PAs activated the innate antioxidant molecules including glutathione and its derived antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase), along with superoxide dismutase and catalase, while attenuating pro-oxidant formation, including malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Interestingly, PAs supplementation at a higher dose suppressed gastric inflammatory and apoptotic responses, as demonstrated by the reduced levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, high-mobility group box 1, cyclooxygenase 2, prostaglandin E2, nuclear factor kappa-B, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and caspase-3, while B cell lymphoma 2 was elevated. Hence, PAs could exhibit antiulcer activity by protecting gastric tissue from the development of oxidative damage, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis events associated with ulceration. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Gastric ulcer is a lesion in the gastric mucosal layer associated with excessive inflammatory response, apoptotic events, oxidative damage, and irritation, and may develop into cancer with about 5%-10% morbidity rate. However, medications commonly used in GU treatment cannot normalize gastric mucosa, while causing several adverse effects. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed to treat or prevent gastric ulceration. Proanthocyanidins (PAs, condensed tannins) are dietary flavonoids found in abundance in different plant species, including their fruits, bark, and seeds. Due to their potent antioxidative activity, PAs have been applied to prevent or treat oxidative stress-related diseases, including cancer, as well as metabolic, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and inflammatory disorders. Here, we examine the potential therapeutic role of proanthocyanidins (PAs) against acidified ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats through evaluating oxidative challenge, inflammatory response, apoptotic events, and histopathological changes in the gastric tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha S Lokman
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Zaafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussam A Althagafi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al-Baha University, Almakhwah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Theyab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hasan Mufti
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira A Bauomy
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua S Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Zhery
- Kasr Al-Eini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid E Hassan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rami B Kassab
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al-Baha University, Almakhwah, Saudi Arabia
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Mondéjar-López M, López-Jiménez AJ, Martínez JCG, Ahrazem O, Gómez-Gómez L, Niza E. Thymoquinone-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as Natural Preservative Agent in Cosmetic Products. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020898. [PMID: 35055080 PMCID: PMC8778794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current status of controversy regarding the use of certain preservatives in cosmetic products makes it necessary to seek new ecological alternatives that are free of adverse effects on users. In our study, the natural terpene thymoquinone was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by DLS and TEM, showing a particle size of 20 nm. The chemical structure, thermal properties, and release profile of thymoquinone were evaluated and showed a successful stabilization and sustained release of terpenes. The antimicrobial properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated against typical microbial contaminants found in cosmetic products, showing high antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, natural moisturizing cream inoculated with the aforementioned microorganisms was formulated with thymoquinone-chitosan nanoparticles to evaluate the preservative efficiency, indicating its promising use as a preservative in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mondéjar-López
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (A.J.L.-J.); (O.A.); (L.G.-G.)
| | - Alberto José López-Jiménez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (A.J.L.-J.); (O.A.); (L.G.-G.)
| | - Joaquín C. García Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Oussama Ahrazem
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (A.J.L.-J.); (O.A.); (L.G.-G.)
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (A.J.L.-J.); (O.A.); (L.G.-G.)
| | - Enrique Niza
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (A.J.L.-J.); (O.A.); (L.G.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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172
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Chen G, Xie X, Peng F, Wang T, Chen J, Li G, Liu J, Peng C. Protective effect of the combination of essential oil from patchouli and tangerine peel against gastric ulcer in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114645. [PMID: 34530094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Essential oil (EO) is the main extract of patchouli and tangerine peel with antiinflammatory, antiulcer, and other functions. However, the efficacy and mechanism of the combination of EO from patchouli and tangerine peel against gastric ulcer (GU) are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to reveal the protective effect of the combination of EO from patchouli and tangerine peel against GU in rats, as well as explore the optimal ratio and possible mechanism of EO in GU treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GU model is executed via water immersion and restraint stress. The repair effect of EO in different proportions on gastric mucosa injury and the effects on serum gastrin (GAS), pepsinogen C (PGC), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and 5-hydroxytryptamine in GU rats were observed. The optimal ratio obtained was used in the second part to set different dose groups for further experiment. The effects of the different EO doses on gastric mucosal ulcer formation and gastric acid secretion were evaluated. The morphology of chief and parietal cells were observed via transmission electron microscopy. The contents of GAS, PGC, substance P (SP), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), cholecystokinin (CCK), PGE2, and motilin (MTL) in serum in different groups were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expressions of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) protein in gastric tissues were detected via immunohistochemistry, and expressions of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), P53, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Caspase-3 protein in gastric tissues were detected via western blotting. RESULTS The EO from patchouli and tangerine peel at 1:2 ratio of compatibility significantly improved gastric mucosal injury, decreased serum GAS and PGC contents, and increased the PGE2 level in serum (p < 0.05). The mixture of EO from patchouli and tangerine peel (Mix-EO) can reduce the formation of gastric mucosal ulcers, reduce gastric mucosal injury, improve the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum of the chief cells, repair mitochondrial damage, and inhibit the secretion of gastric acid by parietal cells. Mix-EO at 300 mg/kg can reduce the expression of serum GAS, PGC, SP, CCK, and cAMP/cGMP (p < 0.05 or 0.01); increase the expression of EGF and TFF2 protein in gastric tissues (p < 0.01); and inhibit the expression of JNK, p53, Bax, and Caspase-3 proteins (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The combination of EO from patchouli and tangerine peel can repair the gastric mucosal damage in GU rats and prevent the occurrence of ulcers by inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid, enhancing the defensive ability of gastric mucosa, and suppressing the apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells. Moreover, the optimal compatible ratio of patchouli and tangerine peel is 1:2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tianzhixin Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Gangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China.
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Chakkinga Thodi R, Ibrahim JM, Nair AS, Thacheril Sukumaran S. Exploring the potent inhibitor β-stigmasterol from Pittosporum dasycaulon Miq. leaves against snake venom phospholipase A2 protein through in vitro and molecular dynamics behavior approach. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.2021946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junaida M. Ibrahim
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, India
| | - Achuthsankar S. Nair
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, India
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Ammar NM, Hassan H, Ahmed R, El Gendy AEN, Abd-ElGawad A, Farrag AR, Farag AR, Elshamy A, Afifi S. Gastro-protective effect of Artemisia sieberi essential oil against ethanol-induced ulcer in rats as revealed via biochemical, histopathological and metabolomics analysis. Biomarkers 2022; 27:247-257. [PMID: 34978233 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2025428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gastric ulcer is regarded as one of the main clinical ailments with high morbidity and mortality rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gastro-protective effect of Artemisia sieberi essential oil (AS-EO) in ethanol-induced rats was evaluated via biochemical, histopathological and large-scale metabolomics analyses. Glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), prostaglandin (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) alongside with histopathological examination of gastric mucosa were analyzed. Metabolites profiling coupled to Global Natural Products Social molecular networking platform (GNPS) and multivariate data analyses to reveal for changes in rats metabolome with treatments and involved action mechanisms. RESULTS Pretreatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg of AS-EO in EtOH-treated rats restored all parameters towards normal status compared to disease model. AS-EO alleviated the histological and pathological damage of gastric tissue caused by ethanol. Metabolites profiling revealed an increase in uracil, cholesterol and fatty acids/fatty acyl amides levels in ulcer rats and restored to normal levels post AS-EO intervention. These results indicated the efficacy of AS-EO in a dose-dependent manner, and to exert protective effects in ulcer rat model by targeting several metabolic pathways viz. lipid, energy, and nucleotide metabolisms. CONCLUSION AS-EO adds to the known uses of genus Artemisia as anti-ulcerogenic agent by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses associated with an ulcer. Several novel biomarkers for ulcer progression in rats were identified and have yet to be confirmed in human models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa M Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba Hassan
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Ahmed
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abd-ElGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdel Razik Farrag
- Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdel Razik Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo P.B. 11562, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed Elshamy
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Sherif Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
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Joshi MB, Kamath A, Nair AS, Yedehali Thimmappa P, Sriranjini SJ, Gangadharan GG, Satyamoorthy K. Modulation of neutrophil (dys)function by Ayurvedic herbs and its potential influence on SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100424. [PMID: 33746457 PMCID: PMC7962552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, traditional medicines of Ayurveda have been in use to manage infectious and non-infectious diseases. The key embodiment of traditional medicines is the holistic system of approach in the management of human diseases. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection is an ongoing pandemic, which has emerged as the major health threat worldwide and is causing significant stress, morbidity and mortality. Studies from the individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection have shown significant immune dysregulation and cytokine overproduction. Neutrophilia and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio has been correlated to poor outcome due to the disease. Neutrophils, component of innate immune system, upon stimulation expel DNA along with histones and granular proteins to form extracellular traps (NETs). Although, these DNA lattices possess beneficial activity in trapping and eliminating pathogens, NETs may also cause adverse effects by inducing immunothrombosis and tissue damage in diseases including Type 2 Diabetes and atherosclerosis. Tissues of SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects showed microthrombi with neutrophil-platelet infiltration and serum showed elevated NETs components, suggesting large involvement and uncontrolled activation of neutrophils leading to pathogenesis and associated organ damage. Hence, traditional Ayurvedic herbs exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties may act in a manner that might prove beneficial in targeting over-functioning of neutrophils and there by promoting normal immune homeostasis. In the present manuscript, we have reviewed and discussed pathological importance of NETs formation in SARS-CoV-2 infections and discuss how various Ayurvedic herbs can be explored to modulate neutrophil function and inhibit NETs formation in the context of a) anti-microbial activity to enhance neutrophil function, b) immunomodulatory effects to maintain neutrophil mediated immune homeostasis and c) to inhibit NETs mediated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath B Joshi
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Archana Kamath
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Aswathy S Nair
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | | | - Sitaram J Sriranjini
- Ramaiah Indic Speciality Ayurveda-Restoration Hospital, MSR Nagar, Mathikere, Bengaluru, 560 054, India
| | - G G Gangadharan
- Ramaiah Indic Speciality Ayurveda-Restoration Hospital, MSR Nagar, Mathikere, Bengaluru, 560 054, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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Tariq S, Tariq S, Khaliq S, Abualhamael SA, Baig M. Association of serum levels of Visfatin, Intelectin-1, RARRES2 and their genetic variants with bone mineral density in postmenopausal females. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1024860. [PMID: 36531488 PMCID: PMC9748547 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1024860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines are engaged in bone physiology and regulate bone mineral density (BMD) by playing protective or cynical role in bone metabolism. The study is designed to measure and compare BMD, adipokines (retinoic acid receptor responder protein-2 RARRES2, visfatin and Intelectin-1) and their genetic variants in postmenopausal osteoporotic, osteopenic and non-osteoporotic females. METHODS This comparative study included postmenopausal non-osteoporotic (n=72), osteopenic (n=72) and osteoporotic (n=100) females with two years of amenorrhea and age between 50 to 70 years. Gold standard DXA was used to measure BMD. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was established. Kruskal-Wallis test for comparisons, logistic and multivariate regression analysis were used to rule out the predictors of BMD. RESULTS On comparing the three groups, significant differences were observed in serum RARRES2 (p <0.001) and serum visfatin (p=0.050). The significant positive predictor of BMD at lumbar spine and total hip was serum visfatin. BMD at right and left femoral neck was predicted negatively by serum chemerin while BMD at left femoral neck was also predicted positively by serum calcium levels. There was significant difference in BMD at right femoral neck (p = 0.033) between rs7806429 genotypes. The odds of having low BMD increases with increasing serum levels of chemerin and decreasing serum levels of visfatin and calcium. CONCLUSION The adipokines RARRES2 and visfatin are associated with BMD. RARRES2 is an independent negative and visfatin is positive predictor of BMD in postmenopausal females. BMD at right femoral neck was significantly low in RARRES2 rs7806429 TC heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Tariq
- Department of Physiology, University Medical & Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Sundus Tariq,
| | - Saba Tariq
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University Medical & Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba Khaliq
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Correlation between Ion Composition of Oligomineral Water and Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ion content of drinking water might be associated with urinary stone formation, representing a keystone of conservative nephrolithiasis management. However, the effects of specific ions on calcium oxalate crystal formation and their mechanism of action are still highly controversial. We report an investigation of the effects of oligomineral waters with similar total salt amount but different ion composition on calcium oxalate (CaOx) precipitation in vitro, combining gravimetric and microscopic assays. The results suggest that the “collective” physicochemical properties of the aqueous medium, deriving from the ion combination rather than from a single ionic species, are of importance. Particularly, the ability of ions to strengthen/weaken the aqueous medium structure determines an increase/decrease in the interfacial energy, modulating the formation and growth of CaOx crystals.
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Bashir N, Ahmad SB, Rehman MU, Muzamil S, Bhat RR, Mir MUR, Shazly GA, Ibrahim MA, Elossaily GM, Sherif AY, Kazi M. Zingerone (4-(four-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) butane-two-1) modulates adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis by regulating inflammatory cytokines and antioxidants. Redox Rep 2021; 26:62-70. [PMID: 33784959 PMCID: PMC8018447 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1907518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is considered to be one of the most commonly consumed dietary condiments of the world. The present study was designed to explicate the protective role of zingerone; an active ingredient of ginger in complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA)-immunized arthritic rats. METHODS 24 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups with 6 rats each. Group I as control followed by group II, III and IV were treated with single intradermal injection of FCA (0.1 ml = 100 µg) to induce rheumatoid arthritis. Group III and IV were also administered with zingerone orally at 25 mg/kg b.w for 3 weeks at two different time points. RESULTS Adjuvant-treated rats exhibited a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and a reduction in the enzymatic antioxidants such as SOD, catalase and GPx, in the liver and joint tissues. Moreover, FCA inoculation resulted in the increase in levels of NF-κB, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and Hs-CRP and a decrease in IL-10 levels. Zingerone significantly reduced the levels of NF-κB, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and Hs-CRP and markedly increased IL-10 levels. Levels of antioxidant enzymes were also restored by zingerone treatment. DISCUSSION Oral administration of zingerone ameliorated inflammatory outburst and decreased oxidative stress, suggesting its role in the prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. Further mechanistic insights are necessary to study the exact mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazirah Bashir
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Showkeen Muzamil
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Rahil Razak Bhat
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Manzoor ur Rahman Mir
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, RiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, RiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelrahman Y. Sherif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, RiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, RiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Sun MJ, Teng Z, Fan PS, Chen XG, Liu Y. Bridging micro/nano-platform and airway allergy intervention. J Control Release 2021; 341:364-382. [PMID: 34856226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Allergic airway diseases, with incidence augmenting visibly as industrial development and environmental degradation, are characterized by sneezing, itching, wheezing, chest tightness, airway obstruction, and hyperresponsiveness. Current medical modalities attempt to combat these symptoms mostly by small molecule chemotherapeutants, such as corticosteroids, antihistamines, etc., via intranasal approach which is one of the most noninvasive, rapid-absorbed, and patient-friendly routes. Nevertheless, inherent defects for irritation to respiratory mucosa, drug inactivation and degradation, and rapid drug dispersal to off-target sites are inevitable. Lately, intratracheal micro/nano therapeutic systems are emerging as innovative alternatives for airway allergy interventions. This overview introduces several potential application directions of mic/nano-platform in the treatment of airway allergic diseases, including carriers, therapeutic agents, and immunomodulators. The improvement of the existing drug therapy of respiratory allergy management by micro/nano-platform is described in detail. The challenges of the micro/nano-platform nasal approach in the treatment of airway allergy are summarized and the development of micro/nano-platform is also prospected. Although still a burgeoning area, micro/nano therapeutic systems are gradually turning to be realistic orientations as crucial future alternative therapeutic options in allergic airway inflammation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhuang Teng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Peng-Sheng Fan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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Kharaghani D, Kurniwan EB, Khan MQ, Yoshiko Y. MiRNA-Nanofiber, the Next Generation of Bioactive Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12121472. [PMID: 34945325 PMCID: PMC8707075 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold-based bone tissue engineering has been introduced as an alternative treatment option for bone grafting due to limitations in the allograft. Not only physical conditions but also biological conditions such as gene expression significantly impact bone regeneration. Scaffolds in composition with bioactive molecules such as miRNA mimics provide a platform to enhance migration, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells for bone regeneration. Among scaffolds, fibrous structures showed significant advantages in promoting osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration via delivering bioactive molecules over the past decade. Here, we reviewed the bone and bone fracture healing considerations for the impact of miRNAs on bone regeneration. We also examined the methods used to improve miRNA mimics uptake by cells, the fabrication of fibrous scaffolds, and the effective delivery of miRNA mimics using fibrous scaffold and their processes for bone development. Finally, we offer our view on the principal challenges of miRNA mimics delivery by nanofibers for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Kharaghani
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5621
| | - Eben Bashir Kurniwan
- School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Nanotechnology Research Lab, Department of Textile and Clothing, National Textile University, Karachi Campus, Karachi 74900, Pakistan;
| | - Yuji Yoshiko
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
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Oliveira ICF, Yoshida EH, Dini MMJ, Paschoal ABO, Cogo JC, da Cruz-Höfling MA, Hyslop S, Oshima-Franco Y. Evaluation of Protection by Caffeic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid, Quercetin and Tannic Acid against the In Vitro Neurotoxicity and In Vivo Lethality of Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American Rattlesnake) Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110801. [PMID: 34822584 PMCID: PMC8623703 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic envenomation by Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American rattlesnake) can cause coagulopathy, rabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and peripheral neuromuscular blockade, the latter resulting in flaccid paralysis. Previous studies have shown that plant products such as tannic acid and theaflavin can protect against the neuromuscular blockade caused by C. d. terrificus venom in vitro. In this work, we used mouse-isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations to examine the ability of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin to protect against C. d. terrificus venom-induced neuromuscular blockade in vitro. In addition, the ability of tannic acid to protect against the systemic effects of severe envenomation was assessed in rats. Preincubation of venom with caffeic acid (0.5 mg/mL), chlorogenic acid (1 mg/mL), or quercetin (0.5 mg/mL) failed to protect against venom (10 μg/mL)-induced neuromuscular blockade. In rats, venom (6 mg kg−1, i.p.) caused death in ~8 h, which was prevented by preincubation of venom with tannic acid or the administration of antivenom 2 h post-venom, whereas tannic acid given 2 h post-venom prolonged survival (~18.5 h) but did not prevent death. Tannic acid (in preincubation protocols or given 2 h post-venom) had a variable effect on blood creatinine and urea and blood/urine protein levels and prevented venom-induced leukocytosis. Tannic acid attenuated the histological lesions associated with renal damage in a manner similar to antivenom. The protective effect of tannic acid appeared to be mediated by interaction with venom proteins, as assessed by SDS-PAGE. These findings suggest that tannic acid could be a potentially useful ancillary treatment for envenomation by C. d. terrificus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Caruso Fontana Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil; (I.C.F.O.); (E.H.Y.); (M.M.J.D.); (A.B.O.P.)
| | - Edson Hideaki Yoshida
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil; (I.C.F.O.); (E.H.Y.); (M.M.J.D.); (A.B.O.P.)
| | - Murilo Melo Juste Dini
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil; (I.C.F.O.); (E.H.Y.); (M.M.J.D.); (A.B.O.P.)
| | - Ana Beatriz Olívio Paschoal
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil; (I.C.F.O.); (E.H.Y.); (M.M.J.D.); (A.B.O.P.)
| | - José Carlos Cogo
- Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering Programs, Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584/235, São Paulo 08230-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil;
| | - Stephen Hyslop
- Department of Translational Medicine (Section of Pharmacology), Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Yoko Oshima-Franco
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares km 92.5, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil; (I.C.F.O.); (E.H.Y.); (M.M.J.D.); (A.B.O.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-15-21010-7197; Fax: +55-15-2101-7112
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Sallam AAM, Darwish SF, El-Dakroury WA, Radwan E. Olmesartan niosomes ameliorates the Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Insights on MAPK and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1821-1838. [PMID: 34853982 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Gastric ulcer is a continuous worldwide threat that inquires protective agents. Olmesartan (OLM) has potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characters, yet having limited bioavailability. We targeted the gastro-protective potential and probable mechanism of OLM and its niosomal form against indomethacin (IND) induced-gastric ulcer in rats. MAIN METHODS we prepared OLM niosomes (OLM-NIO) with different surfactant: cholesterol molar ratios. We evaluated particle size, zeta-potential, polydispersity, and entrapment efficiency. In-vitro release study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy were performed for selected niosomes. In-vivo, we used oral Omeprazole (30 mg/kg), OLM or OLM-NIO (10 mg/kg) for 3 days before IND (25 mg/kg) ingestion. We assessed gastric lesions, oxidative and inflammatory markers. KEY FINDINGS OLM-NIO prepared with span 60:cholesterol ratio (1:1) showed high entrapment efficiency 93 ± 2%, small particle size 159.3 ± 6.8 nm, low polydispersity 0.229 ± 0.009, and high zeta-potential -35.3 ± 1.2 mV, with sustained release mechanism by release data. In-vivo macroscopical and histological results showed gastro-protective effects of OLM pretreatment, which improved oxidative stress parameters and enhanced the gastric mucosal cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contents. OLM pretreatment suppressed interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contents and translocation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK). Besides, OLM substantially promoted the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protective pathway. OLM-NIO furtherly improved all previous outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE We explored OLM anti-ulcerative effects, implicating oxidative stress and inflammation improvement, mediated by the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and p38-MAPK translocation. Meanwhile, the more bioavailable OLM-NIO achieved better gastro-protective effects compared to conventional OLM form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F Darwish
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Eman Radwan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, 71515, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut City, Assiut 10, Egypt
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Yan X, Huang Z, Wu Y, Yu Z, Yang K, Chen Z, Wang W, Hu H, Wang Z. Sequential loading of inclusion complex/nanoparticles improves the gastric retention of Vladimiriae Radix essential oil to promote the protection of acute gastric mucosal injury. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121234. [PMID: 34718092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil from Vladimiriae Radix (VEO) is a medicinal natural product with anti-ulcer activity. A novel gastroretentive drug delivery system was developed by preparing the hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion complex incorporated into chitosan nanoparticles (V-CD/NPs), to improve the bioavailability of VEO and its protective effect on gastric mucosa. The optimum preparation process of V-CD/NPs was obtained by Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken response surface methodology. The resulting V-CD/NPs gained a suitable positive potential and small particle size, and showed stability in simulated gastric fluid, whose morphology and in vitro drug release profiles had a pH-sensitivity. Besides, V-CD/NPs was proved to strongly bind with mucin, and in vivo imaging revealed that it could be retained in the stomach for more than 8 h. The results of drug concentration in gastric tissues showed that the sequential loading of inclusion complex/nanoparticles promoted the local absorption of VEO in gastric tissues, which was favorable to reach the effective therapeutic concentration in the lesioned mucosa area. In comparison to VEO and V-CD, the callback effect of V-CD/NPs on 1L-1β, 1L-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, MDA and SOD was comparable to cimetidine, and V-CD/NPs outperformed in gastric mucosal protection. Therefore, the gastroretentive drug delivery system developed in our study effectively enhanced the anti-ulcer activity of VEO, which could be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of the acute gastric mucosal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zecheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Holistic Integrative Medicine Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Qiang Medicine Standard Research Promotion Base and Collaborative Innovation Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Sichuan, Chengdu 610106, China.
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Kim KJ, Kim E, Kang WS, Jeon M, Choi H, Lee KH, Kim MH, Kim JS, Na CS, Kim S. SR-5, the specific ratio of Korean multi-herbal formula: An evaluation of antiulcerogenic effects on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in mice. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211044329. [PMID: 34690616 PMCID: PMC8532236 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211044329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previously, we demonstrated that the specific ratio of Korean multi-herbal formula (SR-5) exhibits hepatoprotective properties against ethanol-induced hepatic damage in rats. Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption is a major etiological factor involved in gastric disease and ulcer development induced by the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Methods The present study evaluated the gastroprotective effects of SR-5 (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) against hydrochloride acid/ethanol (HCl/EtOH)-induced and indomethacin/hydrochloride acid (INDO/HCl)-induced gastritis in a mouse model and the mechanisms involved. Results All the tested doses of SR-5 significantly inhibited gastric lesions in the HCl/EtOH-induced ulcer model mice. Similarly, all the tested doses of SR-5 significantly inhibited gastric lesions in the INDO/HCl-induced ulcer model mice. Furthermore, mice pretreated with SR-5 had significantly increased gastric levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, namely, catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH), with concomitant reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels compared with those in the HCl/EtOH or INDO/HCl group. SR-5 suppressed the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to their normal values. Conclusion These findings are the first to demonstrate the powerful protective effect of SR-5 against gastric injury development and provide hope for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Jo Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Seok Kang
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjoon Choi
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Lee
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyeon Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Su Na
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunoh Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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185
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Liang J, Zhuang R, Sun X, Zhang F, Zou B. Apremilast mitigates interleukin (IL)-13-induced inflammatory response and mucin production in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Bioengineered 2021; 12:8583-8593. [PMID: 34607526 PMCID: PMC8806939 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1987818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13-associated inflammatory response is important for the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). Apremilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor approved for psoriasis treatment. Here, we investigated the potential effects of Apremilast against IL-13-induced injury in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Firstly, Apremilast ameliorated oxidative stress in IL-13-challenged cells by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of malondialdehyde (MDA). Secondly, Apremilast inhibited the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8. Moreover, Apremilast inhibited the expressions of the chemokines colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11). Interestingly, exposure to IL-13 increased the expressions of mucin 4 and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), which was ameliorated by treatment with Apremilast. Interestingly, we found that Apremilast inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Importantly, Apremilast reduced the levels of c-fos and c-Jun, the two AP-1 subfamilies. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrates that Apremilast reduced the transcriptional activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1). Lastly, we found that Apremilast prevented the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) by decreasing the levels of nuclear NF-κB p65 and the luciferase activity of the NF-κB reporter. In summary, we conclude that Apremilast possesses a protective effect against IL-13-induced inflammatory response and mucin production in hNECs by inhibiting the activity of AP-1 and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - RuoXiao Zhuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - XueYao Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Bin Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
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186
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Şat S, Aydınkoç-Tuzcu K, Berger F, Barakat A, Schindler K, Fasching P. Diabetes und Migration. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1507-2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Şat
- MVZ DaVita Rhein-Ruhr, Düsseldorf
- AG Diabetes und Migranten der DDG
| | - Kadriye Aydınkoç-Tuzcu
- AG Diabetes und Migranten der DDG
- Wilhelminenspital der Stadt Wien, 5. Medizinische Abteilung mit Endokrinologie, Rheumatologie und Akutgeriatrie, Wien
- AG Migration und Diabetes der ÖDG
| | | | - Alain Barakat
- AG Diabetes und Migranten der DDG
- Diabetes Zentrum Duisburg-Mitte DZDM
| | - Karin Schindler
- Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Wien
- AG Migration und Diabetes der ÖDG
| | - Peter Fasching
- Wilhelminenspital der Stadt Wien, 5. Medizinische Abteilung mit Endokrinologie, Rheumatologie und Akutgeriatrie, Wien
- AG Migration und Diabetes der ÖDG
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Zhou X, Wang F, Wu H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Lin J, Cai Y, Xiang J, He N, Hu Z, Jin X. Thymoquinone Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration and Invasiveness through Regulating ROS, Autophagic Flux and miR-877-5p in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3456-3475. [PMID: 34512159 PMCID: PMC8416733 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinoma is among the top 10 most frequently diagnosed cancer types in the world. As a phytochemical active metabolic, thymoquinone (TQ) is extracted from seeds of Nigella sativa, possessing various biological properties in a wide range of diseases. Moreover, the outstanding anti-cancer effect of TQ is attracting increasing attentions. In certain circumstances, moderate autophagy is regarded to facilitate the adaptation of malignant cells to different stressors. Conversely, closely linked with the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, the upregulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is reported to activate the cell apoptosis in many cancer types. Furthermore, the vital effects of microRNAs in the pathological processes of cancer cells have also been confirmed by previous studies. The present research confirms that TQ restrains the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion through activating caspase-dependent apoptosis in bladder carcinoma cells, which is mediated by TQ induced ROS increase in bladder carcinoma cells. Furthermore, TQ is proved to block the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, causing the accumulation of autophagosomes and subsequent cell apoptosis. In addition, TQ is also found to initiate the miR-877-5p/PD-L1 axis, which suppresses the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion of bladder carcinoma cells. Taken together, TQ induces the apoptosis through upregulating ROS level and impairing autophagic flux, and inhibiting the EMT and cell invasion via activating the miR-877-5p/PD-L1 axis in bladder carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejian Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Feifan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongshen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianwu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Juntao Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yueshu Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiayong Xiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenghui Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
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188
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Sorokina M, McCaffrey KS, Deaton EE, Ma G, Ordovás JM, Perkins-Veazie PM, Steinbeck C, Levi A, Parnell LD. A Catalog of Natural Products Occurring in Watermelon- Citrullus lanatus. Front Nutr 2021; 8:729822. [PMID: 34595201 PMCID: PMC8476801 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.729822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet dessert watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is one of the most important vegetable crops consumed throughout the world. The chemical composition of watermelon provides both high nutritional value and various health benefits. The present manuscript introduces a catalog of 1,679 small molecules occurring in the watermelon and their cheminformatics analysis for diverse features. In this catalog, the phytochemicals are associated with the literature describing their presence in the watermelon plant, and when possible, concentration values in various plant parts (flesh, seeds, leaves, roots, rind). Also cataloged are the chemical classes, molecular weight and formula, chemical structure, and certain physical and chemical properties for each phytochemical. In our view, knowing precisely what is in what we eat, as this catalog does for watermelon, supports both the rationale for certain controlled feeding studies in the field of precision nutrition, and plant breeding efforts for the development of new varieties with enhanced concentrations of specific phytochemicals. Additionally, improved and comprehensive collections of natural products accessible to the public will be especially useful to researchers in nutrition, cheminformatics, bioinformatics, and drug development, among other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sorokina
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Erin E. Deaton
- Department of Horticulture, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Guoying Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - José M. Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer-United States Department of Agriculture (JM-USDA) Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Penelope M. Perkins-Veazie
- Department of Horticulture, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Christoph Steinbeck
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Amnon Levi
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Laurence D. Parnell
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer-United States Department of Agriculture (JM-USDA) Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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189
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Chu Y, Wang X, Yu N, Li Y, Kan J. Long non‑coding RNA FGD5‑AS1/microRNA‑133a‑3p upregulates aquaporin 1 to decrease the inflammatory response in LPS‑induced sepsis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:784. [PMID: 34498707 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infections. The present study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of FGD5‑AS1 in sepsis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammatory response. An animal model of sepsis was constructed. LPS was used to induce mice HL‑1 cardiomyocytes to construct a cell model. The association between FGD5‑AS1 and miR‑133a‑3p was investigated through animal and cell models. FGD5‑AS1 overexpression was used to analyze the effect of FGD5‑AS1 on inflammatory reaction. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 levels were detected by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The interaction of FGD5‑AS1, miR‑133a‑3p and aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was detected by dual‑luciferase reporter assay and microRNA (miRNA/miR) pull‑down assay. Compared with the control group, the expression of FGD5‑AS1 was decreased and the expression of miR‑133a‑3p was increased in the sepsis group. FGD5‑AS1 overexpression increased LPS‑induced expression of FGD5‑AS1 and AQP1, decreased the expression of miR‑133a‑3p, and inhibited the expression of the inflammatory cytokines, TNF‑α, IL‑6 and IL‑1β. Dual‑luciferase reporter and miRNA pull‑down assays confirmed the interaction of FGD5‑AS1, miR‑133a‑3p and AQP1. These results indicated that FGD5‑AS1 is the competitive endogenous RNA of miR‑133a‑3p on AQP1, and thus FGD5‑AS1 overexpression may be able to inhibit the inflammatory response in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Chu
- Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Acupuncture Department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, P.R. China
| | - Naihao Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, P.R. China
| | - Yali Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Kan
- Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, P.R. China
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190
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Anti-arthritic activity of Tin oxide-Chitosan-Polyethylene glycol carvacrol nanoparticles against Freund’s adjuvant induced arthritic rat model via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2 and prostaglandin E2. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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191
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Sun M, Cao Y, Wang T, Liu T, An F, Wu H, Wang J. Association between LINC-PINT and LINC00599 gene polymorphism and the risk of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in the population of northern China. Steroids 2021; 173:108886. [PMID: 34245766 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a complex disease affected by genetics. LncRNA LINC-PINT and LINC00599 have been proved to be associated with susceptibility to a variety of diseases, however it is not clear whether they are related to steroid-induced ONFH. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the correlation between the polymorphisms of LINC-PINT and LINC00599 genes and steroid-induced ONFH in the population of northern China. METHODS A case-control study including 199 patients and 725 controls was designed. The Agena MassARRAY platform was used for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LINC-PINT and LINC00599 genes. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between the above SNPs and steroid-induced ONFH in allelic and genetic models. Besides, one-way ANOVA was used to study the relationship between these SNPs and partial lipid levels. RESULTS In the LINC00599 gene, two sites are related to steroid-induced ONFH. Among them, rs2272026 increased the risk of the disease in co-dominant (heterozygous) and dominant models. And rs1962430 is a risk factor for this disease in the allelic, co-dominance (heterozygous), dominant and additive model. whereas in women with steroid-induced ONFH, three sites in the LINC-PINT gene are related to the disease. Thereinto, rs157916 reduces the risk of the disease in allelic, co-dominant (homozygous), recessive and additive models. Rs16873842 is related to the reduced risk of the disease in allele, dominant and additive models. And rs7781295 is a protective factor for steroid-induced ONFH in the allelic and additive model. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the polymorphisms of LINC-PINT and LINC00599 genes are related to the susceptibility of steroid-induced ONFH in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, China
| | - Yuju Cao
- Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Traumatology Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450016, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, China
| | - Feimeng An
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China
| | - Huiqiang Wu
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China.
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China.
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192
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Ogunrinola OO, Kanmodi RI, Ogunrinola OA. Medicinal plants as immune booster in the palliative management of viral diseases: A perspective on coronavirus. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olabisi O. Ogunrinola
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria
| | - Rahmon I. Kanmodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria
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193
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An M, Oh M, Park KT, Seon KH, Jo JE, Lee SK, Kim JK, Shin KS, Koh JH, Lim YH. Anti-asthma and antitussive effects of a fermented extract of a mixture of Ramulus mori, Anthriscus sylvestris, and Salvia plebeian. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:1257-1268. [PMID: 34393544 PMCID: PMC8352748 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory immunity is getting more important recently due to outbreak of respiratory diseases and increasing the concentration of fine dust. The aim of this study was to investigate respiratory protection effect of a fermented extract of medicinal plants (FEMP) containing Ramulus mori, Salvia plebeia, and Anthriscus sylvestris. The expression levels of IL-8 and IL-17 in LPS/poly-L-arginine (PLA) and FEMP-cotreated A549 cells were lower than those in LPS/PLA only-treated cells. The levels of IgE, IL-17, and IL-4 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of FEMP-treated mice with ovalbumin/LPS-induced asthma were lower than the control levels. The lung inflammation score and the number of inflammatory cells in the BALF decreased by FEMP treatment. In the citric acid-induced coughing guinea pig, the FEMP treatment decreased the number of coughs. Therefore, FEMP shows anti-asthmatic and antitussive activities without hepatotoxicity and can be used as a compound aiming to improve respiratory health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-00955-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirae An
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Miae Oh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Tae Park
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Seon
- R & D Center, Biocean CO. LTD, Seoul, 08591 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Jo
- R & D Center, Biocean CO. LTD, Seoul, 08591 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kweon Lee
- R & D Center, Biocean CO. LTD, Seoul, 08591 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Keun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Korea Polytechnic University, Shihung-si, Gyeonggi-do 15073 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Soon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Koh
- Department of Bio-Food Analysis and Processing, Bio-Campus Korea Polytechnic College, Nonsan, 32943 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea.,School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
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194
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Ahsan H, Haider I, Mushtaq MN, Qaisar MN, Naqvi F, Asif A. Pharmacological support to anti-arthritic prospective of physostigmine: a new approach. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1119-1129. [PMID: 34224070 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a slowly progressing inflammatory autoimmune disease. Several features are involved in the RA pathogenesis in addition to environmental and genetic factors. Previously it has been reported that acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity is enhanced in old age and may contribute in the progression of RA. The current experimental work was projected to assess the activity of physostigmine (a cholinesterase inhibitor) for treatment of RA. In vitro and in vivo approaches were used for such evaluation. However, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was performed to determine the concentrations of Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-α in arthritic rats after treatment with physostigmine. Moreover, anti-oxidant assays were employed to calculate the level of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase peroxidase (CAT) in tissue of treated animals. The results claimed the dose dependent protective and stabilizing effect of physostigmine on denaturation of albumin (egg and bovine serum) protein and human red blood cell membrane, respectively, through in vitro studies. Furthermore, the physostigmine (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the swelling of paw after induction of arthritis with formaldehyde or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) as compared to arthritic control animals. Moreover, significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the levels of inflammatory markers (PGE2 and TNF-α) at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of physostigmine has been observed in ELISA test. Likewise, there was a prominent rise in levels of SOD and CAT in animals treated with physostigmine. These findings pharmacologically conclude the anti-arthritic effect of physostigmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Ahsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | - Ihtisham Haider
- Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Farwa Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacology, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Awais Asif
- Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
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Zhang F, Liu Z, He X, Li Z, Shi B, Cai F. β-Sitosterol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles ameliorate complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats: involvement of NF-кB and HO-1/Nrf-2 pathway. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1329-1341. [PMID: 32945205 PMCID: PMC7534215 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1818883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune disease that is categorized via chronic
inflammation manifestation, obesity, cardiovascular risk and even enhanced the mortality
and affect the 0.3 and 1% of population worldwide. The current experimental study was
scrutinize the anti-arthritic effect of β-sitosterol loaded solid lipid nanoparticles
(SLN) against complete Fruend adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis via dual pathway. Double
emulsion solvent displacement method was used for the preparation of β-sitosterol solid
lipid nanoparticles (SLN). CFA was used to induce arthritis and rats were divided into
different groups for 28 days. Biochemical, anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory cytokines
and inflammatory mediator were estimated, respectively. Receptor activator of nuclear
factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3)
nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme Oxygenase-1(HO-1) and
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression were estimated. β-sitosterol-SLN significantly
(p < .001) reduced the paw edema, arthritic index and
increased the body weight. β-sitosterol-SLN increased the redox status of synovium {reduce
the malonaldehyde (MDA) and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and
catalase (CAT)} level and reduced the cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),
interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-16, interleukin-17 and
increased level of interleukin-10, Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β).
β-sitosterol-SLN significantly (p < .001) reduced the
level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and NF-κB. β-sitosterol-SLN significantly increased the
expression of HO-1,Nrf2 and decreased the expression of NF-κB, RANKL, STAT3. In
conclusion, β-sitosterol SLN showed the antiarthritic effect via suppression of NF-kB and
activation of HO-1/Nrf-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhanqi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fengmei Cai
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, China
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196
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Hamdan DI, El-Shiekh RA, El-Sayed MA, Khalil HMA, Mousa MR, Al-Gendy AA, El-Shazly AM. Phytochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory potential of Egyptian Murcott mandarin cultivar waste (stem, leaves and peel). Food Funct 2021; 11:8214-8236. [PMID: 32966492 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The stem (S), leaf (L) and fruit peel (P) of Murcott mandarins were separately extracted using 80% ethanol and then fractionated into dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (ET). Their metabolic profiles were studied via HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS and afforded a tentative characterization of 98 compounds, including free organic acids, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoid aglycones, flavonoid glycosides, flavonoids containing 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaroyl (HMG) units, coumarin derivatives and limonoids. Column chromatography resulted in isolation of six metabolites for the first time that were identified as nobiletin (C1), isosinensetin (C2), limonin (C3), 4'-demethylnobiletin (C4), stigmasterol-O-glucoside (C5) and hesperidin (C6). In vitro studies of the anti-inflammatory activity of DCM-L against cyclooxygenases (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzymes revealed that DCM-L showed higher activity than the other tested fractions. The in vivo gastroprotective effects of that fraction were evaluated using alcohol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The obtained findings validated the gastroprotective and anti-ulcerogenic activities of DCM-L through its anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Therefore, we recommend the use of Murcott mandarin leaves as a part of a protection strategy for gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, 32511, Egypt.
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini st., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - May A El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed R Mousa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Amal A Al-Gendy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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197
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Zhou C, Gao J, Ji H, Li W, Xing X, Liu D, Guo Q, Zhou L, Jing F. Benzoylaconine Modulates LPS-Induced Responses Through Inhibition of Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated NF-κB and MAPK Signaling in RAW264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2021; 44:2018-2032. [PMID: 34272638 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that benzoylaconine (BAC), a representative monoester alkaloid, has a potential anti-inflammatory effect. This study investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms using the mode of LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Our findings showed that BAC significantly suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, ROS, NO, and PGE2. BAC treatment also effectively downregulated the elevated protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, we found that BAC inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα by western blotting and blocking the nuclear translocation of p65 using an immunofluorescence assay. The elevated protein levels of JNK, p38, and ERK phosphorylation after LPS stimulation were restored effectively by BAC treatment. The protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and LPS-induced phosphorylation of TAK1, which is a crucial upstream regulatory factor of TLR-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling, were inhibited by BAC in activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, BAC decreased the levels of TAK1 phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators associated with MAPK and NF-κB activation, similar to TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242. These findings demonstrated that BAC exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by the inhibition of TLR-induced MAPK and NF-κB pathways, indicating that it could potentially be used for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkai Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, No.29 Yongping Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qie Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanbo Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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198
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miR-129-5p Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs and Bone Regeneration via Repressing Dkk3. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:7435605. [PMID: 34326879 PMCID: PMC8302374 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7435605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in osteogenic differentiation. However, the associated mechanisms remain elusive. This paper is aimed at exploring the role of miR-129-5p in regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation and bone regeneration in vivo and in vitro. Methods BMSCs were transduced by miR-129-5p mimic, miR-129-5p inhibitor, and negative control lentivirus. The ability of BMSC differentiation to osteoblast was tested by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS). The expression of osteogenic genes (Runx2, Bmp2, and OCN) was examined via quantitative RT-PCR and western blot. A mouse model of calvaria defect was investigated by Micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, and histological examination. The luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the binding between Dkk3 and miR-129-5p. For the transfection experiments, lipofectamine 3000 was used to transfect pcDNA-Dkk3 into BMSCs to overexpress Dkk3. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent localization assay were included for exploring the role of Dkk3 and β-catenin. Results miR-129-5p was induced in BMSCs and MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 cells under osteogenic medium. Overexpression of miR-129-5p significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Moreover, BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic exhibited better bone regeneration compared with BMSCs transduced with control counterpart in vivo. Luciferase and western blot data showed that Dickkopf3 (Dkk3) is a target gene of miR-129-5p and the expression of Dkk3 was inhibited in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic but enhanced in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p inhibitor. In addition, Dkk3 interacted with β-catenin directly. Conclusions miR-129-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and bone regeneration, and miR-129-5p/Dkk3 axis may be new potential targets for the treatment of bone defect and bone loss.
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199
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Ahsan H, Irfan HM, Alamgeer, Jahan S, Shahzad M, Asim MH. Potential of ephedrine to suppress the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2: A novel approach towards management of rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci 2021; 282:119825. [PMID: 34274310 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complicated perpetual auto-immune disorder allied with synovial hyperplasia, hyperalgesia, bone destruction, cartilage erosion and eventually physical impairment. Dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is a reported hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs targeting adrenergic receptors may be suitable to attenuate arthritis. MAIN METHODS This experimental work employed ephedrine (adrenergic agonist) for appraisal of its anti-arthritic potential by using CFA-provoked arthritic animal model. Physical parameters (Paw volume/diameter, arthritic index and weight) were assessed through whole study period. Blood sample was drawn by cardiac puncture for various tests like RF value, C-RP, ELISA, RFTs and LFTs. RNA was isolated from blood and expression of inflammatory cytokines was estimated through q-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Ephedrine alleviated swelling in paw and reinstated the body weight, hematological and biochemical indices of experimental animal. This drug (40 mg/kg PO) significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the expression (measured as percent expression) of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 (54, 59 and 49% respectively) in arthritic animals. On the other side, cell derived anti-inflammatory mediators were expressed more in animals treated with same dose of ephedrine. Furthermore, inhibitory effect on expression of PGE2 was significantly (p < 0.001) observed in all treatment groups of ephedrine in comparison with standard treatment. SIGNIFICANCE This study ascertained the ephedrine as prospective therapeutic alternative candidate for treatment of RA but limited for clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Ahsan
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | | | - Alamgeer
- Department of Pharmacology, University college of Pharmacy, University of Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shah Jahan
- Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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200
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Maity R, Mondal P, Giri MK, Ghosh C, Mallick C. Gastroprotective effect of hydromethanolic extract of Ayapana triplinervis leaves on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in male Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13859. [PMID: 34258791 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the gastroprotective effect of Ayapana triplinervis leaves against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in male albino rat. Gastric ulceration was developed by single oral dose of indomethacin (30 mg/kg). Experimental rats were pretreated with omeprazole (positive control 20 mg/kg), hydromethanolic extract of A. triplinervis (200 mg/kg) for 28 days just before the indomethacin treatment. Free acidity, total acidity, pepsin activity and gastric volume, gastric pH, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in stomach and serum prostaglandin E2 levels were assessed in control, ulcerated group and A. triplinervis pretreated groups. Oxidative stress biomarkers, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum also evaluated. All the parameters were deviated from control in indomethacin-treated group but significantly protected in A. triplinervis-pretreated group. The active ingredient(s) present in the A. triplinervis have antioxidant and gastroprotective properties that prevent the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A. triplinervis has been widely consumed from earlier time as traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric problem and gastric ulcer in India. This is the first report that hydromethanolic extract of A. triplinervis has potent therapeutic properties against gastric ulcer. This work will provide a clue to the pharmaceutical industry to develop an effective gastroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnabali Maity
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Prabir Mondal
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Mukul Kumar Giri
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Chaitali Ghosh
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Chhanda Mallick
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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