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Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Zafar S, Iqbal M, Saqib ZA. Menadione sodium bisulfite neutralizes chromium phytotoxic effects in okra by regulating cytosolutes, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system and metal uptake. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:736-746. [PMID: 33321045 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1854171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a major abiotic stress for plant species that significantly impacted plant development and impeded agricultural production. Menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) has recently manifested a remarkable role in modulating plant defense responses. In the present experiment, Cr caused a significant decrease in growth, relative water contents, and chlorophyll in okra cultivars (Shabnam 786 and Arka Anamika). Cr produced an increase in proline, total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Cr accumulation. Besides, activities of antioxidant enzymes were also higher in Cr-stressed plants. MSB application (50, 100, 150, and 200 µM) profoundly impacted growth and important physio-biochemical characteristics in okra under Cr stress. Better growth in MSB treated plants was associated with lower oxidative damage and better oxidative defense system reflected in the form of higher antioxidant enzyme activities alongside the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds. In this background, cv. Shabnam-786 exhibited greater Cr tolerance over Arka Anamika. The degree of oxidative damage measured in the form of H2O2 and MDA was greater in cv. Arka Anamika. Lower MSB levels (50 and 100 µM) circumvented inhibitory Cr effects in okra, while higher doses proved lethal for plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Department of Botany, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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152
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Luo J, Hao S, Zhao L, Shi F, Ye G, He C, Lin J, Zhang W, Liang H, Wang X, Guo H, He R, Tang H, Li Y. Oral exposure of pregnant rats to copper nanoparticles caused nutritional imbalance and liver dysfunction in fetus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111206. [PMID: 32889309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are increasingly used as an animal feed additive in China. In previous studies, it was determined that Cu NPs can penetrate the placental barrier, however, its toxic effects on the fetus have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential fetal toxic effects of Cu NPs. Cu NPs were orally administered to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats from gestation days (GDs) 3-18 at a dose of 60, 120, and 180 mg/kg/day. Cesarean sections were conducted on GD 19. During fetal examination, no toxicities were observed regarding general clinical signs, however, Cu NPs significantly decreased fetal body weight, body length, and liver weights. Cu ions and Cu MPs exhibited similar effects on the fetal development. Cu NPs increased the liver concentration of Cu, and decreased protein levels and Fe in fetuses. Cu NPs also increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the fetus after pregnant rats were exposed to high doses of Cu NPs. Oral exposure to Cu NPs during pregnancy increased Cu concentrations in the fetus, which not only affected fetal development, but also significantly induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in fetal liver. Taken together, these findings are valuable to evaluate fetal risk assessment after oral exposure of Cu NPs during pregnancy. Additional comprehensive toxicity studies are deemed necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; National Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Suqi Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Liang
- National Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ran He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Yinglun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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153
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Cu-chitosan nano-net improves keeping quality of tomato by modulating physio-biochemical responses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21914. [PMID: 33318539 PMCID: PMC8097068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimizing the post-harvest losses in fruits and vegetables is one of the challenging tasks in agriculture. To address this issue, we report nano-net of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (Cu-chitosan NPs) which has the ability to extend the shelf-life of stored tomato. The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control), physiological loss in weight (14.36 versus 28.13% in control), respiration rate (0.01173 versus 0.01879 g CO2 kg−1 h−1) and maintained fruit firmness (34.0 versus 17.33 N in control) during storage. Further, these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity, retained total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars, lycopene, ascorbic acid and inhibited polyphenol oxidase. Likewise, NPs effectively preserved L* (lightness), a* (red/green) and b* (blue/yellow) values and maintained organoleptic score. Scanning electron microscopy study confirmed that Cu-chitosan NPs orchestrate into an invisible-intangible nano-net over tomato surface which may plausibly act as a potential barrier at all possible openings (stem scar, cuticle wax, lenticels, and aquaporins) to control microbial infection, moisture loss, gas exchanges and respiration rate. Overall, nano-net extended keeping quality of tomatoes up to 21 days at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 2% relative humidity).
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154
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Feil SB, Pii Y, Valentinuzzi F, Tiziani R, Mimmo T, Cesco S. Copper toxicity affects phosphorus uptake mechanisms at molecular and physiological levels in Cucumis sativus plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:138-147. [PMID: 33113485 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the deliberate use of cupric fungicides in the last century for crop-defence programs, copper (Cu) has considerably accumulated in the soil. The concentrations of Cu often exceed the safety limits of risk assessment for Cu in soil and this may cause toxicity in plants. Copper toxicity induces nutritional imbalances in plants and constraints to plants growth. These aspects might be of paramount importance in the case of phosphorus (P), which is an essential plant macronutrient. In this work, hydroponically grown cucumber plants were used to investigate the influence of the exposure to different Cu concentrations (0.2, 5, 25 and 50 μM) on i) the phenotypic traits of plants, particularly at root level, ii) the nutrient content in both roots and shoots, and iii) the P uptake mechanisms, considering both the biochemical and molecular aspects. At high Cu concentrations (i.e. above 25 μM), the shoot and root growth resulted stunted and the P influx rate diminished. Furthermore, two P transporter genes (i.e. CsPT1.4 and CsPT1.9) were upregulated at the highest Cu concentration, albeit with different induction kinetics. Overall, these results confirm that high Cu concentrations can limit the root acquisition of P, most likely via a direct action on the uptake mechanisms (e.g. transporters). However, the alteration of root plasma membrane permeability induced by Cu toxicity might also play a pivotal role in the observed phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B Feil
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Youry Pii
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Fabio Valentinuzzi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raphael Tiziani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy; Competence Centre of Plant Health, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
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155
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Jones JG, Korir RC, Walter TL, Everts KL. Reducing Chlorothalonil Use in Fungicide Spray Programs for Powdery Mildew, Anthracnose, and Gummy Stem Blight in Melons. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:3213-3220. [PMID: 33079017 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-20-0712-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are applied to nearly 80% of U.S. melon acreage to manage the numerous foliar and fruit diseases that threaten yield. Chlorothalonil is the most widely used fungicide but has been associated with negative effects on human and bee health. We designed alternative fungicide programs to examine the impact of reducing chlorothalonil use (Bravo Weather Stik) on watermelon, cantaloupe, and honeydew melon in 2016, 2017, and 2018 in Maryland. Chlorothalonil was replaced in the tank mix of weekly sprays of targeted fungicides with either polyoxin D zinc salt (Oso) or an extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis (Regalia). Powdery mildew (PM; Podosphaera xanthii), gummy stem blight (GSB; Stagonosporopsis spp.), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) were the most prevalent diseases to occur in the 3 years. Replacing chlorothalonil with the biopesticides as the tank-mix component of the fungicide spray program was successful in reducing GSB and PM severity in cantaloupe, honeydew melon, and watermelon compared with the untreated control, with the exception of GSB in 2017 in cantaloupe, and similar to the program including chlorothalonil in all cases, except anthracnose in watermelon. Anthracnose disease severity was not significantly reduced compared with the untreated control when chlorothalonil was replaced with the biopesticides and yields were not improved over the chlorothalonil-alone treatment in any of the trials. Therefore, replacement of chlorothalonil may not fully address its loss as a fungicide resistance management tool but efficacy can be maintained when polyoxin D is alternated with R. sachalinensis as a tank mix with targeted fungicides to manage PM and GSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake G Jones
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Lower Eastern Shore Research and Education Center, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD 21801, U.S.A
| | - Robert C Korir
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Lower Eastern Shore Research and Education Center, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD 21801, U.S.A
| | - Taylor L Walter
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Lower Eastern Shore Research and Education Center, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD 21801, U.S.A
| | - Kathryne L Everts
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Wye Research and Education Center, University of Maryland, Queenstown, MD 21658, U.S.A
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156
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Cao W, Gong J, Zeng G, Song B, Zhang P, Li J, Fang S, Tang S, Qin L, Ye J, Cai Z. Abiotic mediation of common ions on the co-exposure of CeO 2 NPs with Sb (III) or Sb (V) to Glycine max (Linn.) Merrill. (Soybean): Impacts on uptake, accumulation and physiochemical characters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115594. [PMID: 33254729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the most active Sb mines, the "dominance" on Sb production of China lead to increasingly release and omnipresence of Sb in environment through mining activities as well as the life cycle of Sb-containing productions. The introduction of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) accidentally or intentionally (such as NP-containing sludge as fertilizer) might increase the probability of co-exposed with Sb to plants. In this study, CeO2 NPs, one of the most widely used nanomaterials in industries with potential oxidizing or reducing properties, was selected and co-exposed with Sb (III) or Sb (V) to investigate their mutual effects on uptake, accumulation and physiological effects in soybeans. The results showed that CeO2 NPs increased the Sb (III) and Sb (V) concentrations in roots by 36.7% and 14.0% respectively, while Sb (III) and Sb (V) inhibited the concentration of Ce in roots by 97.1% and 86.9% respectively. In addition, the impacts of extra common ions (Mn2+, Cu2+, Fe3+ and Zn2+) on the fate of Ce and Sb in soybeans in co-exposure of CeO2 NPs with Sb were investigated as well. Mn2+ and Fe3+ increased the accumulations of Ce and Sb (III) in the co-exposure of CeO2 NPs with Sb (III), but reduced that in the co-exposure of CeO2 NPs with Sb (V). Notably, the addition of Cu2+ and Zn2+ consistently increased the uptake and accumulation of Ce and Sb in the co-exposure treatments. Moreover, the effects of Sb on the dissolved portion of CeO2 NPs in soybean roots were also investigated. This study provided a perspective that extra ingredient (mineral elements, organic element or other nutrients) might regulated the interactions in ENPs-heavy metals-plants system which need further explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Siyuan Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Siqun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jun Ye
- Hunan Qing Zhi Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhe Cai
- Hunan Qing Zhi Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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157
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Xin X, Zhao F, Rho JY, Goodrich SL, Sumerlin BS, He Z. Use of polymeric nanoparticles to improve seed germination and plant growth under copper stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141055. [PMID: 32736110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant seedlings are susceptible to copper (Cu) toxicity. As copper levels in soil continue to rise with the use of Cu-based agrochemicals, alleviation of Cu stress is of paramount importance. Traditional approaches to allay Cu stress are well documented but are typically found to be either costly or inefficient. Given their small size, ionic character, and high biocompatibility, specific polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) may have the potential for mitigating metal toxicity to crops. In this pioneering study, we investigated the effects of newly synthesized polysuccinimide NPs (PSI-NPs) on corn (Zea mays L.) seed germination and seedling growth under different levels of Cu stress. The results showed that PSI-NPs influenced seed germination in a dose-dependent manner with an optimal rate of 200 mg L-1. In addition, the positive effects of PSI-NPs on seed germination indexes were found to be positively correlated with enhanced seed imbibition (r = 0.82). The addition of PSI-NPs significantly mitigated Cu stress as indicated by improved growth of shoots and roots, and higher antioxidant enzyme activity observed with co-exposure to PSI-NPs as compared to Cu stress treatment only. Cu concentrations in seedling root and shoot significantly increased with increasing Cu treatment rate. Higher uptake of Cu by plant was observed in the Cu-PSI-NPs co-treatment than single Cu treatment. The alleviation effect of PSI-NPs could be explained by the enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and storage of Cu as Cu-PSI complexes in plants with reduced phytotoxicity. These findings will open the opportunity of using PSI-NPs as a regulator to enhance seed germination and improve seedling growth under stress of heavy metals like Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Xin
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Science/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States
| | - Fengliang Zhao
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Science/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States; Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Julia Y Rho
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Sofia L Goodrich
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Science/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States.
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158
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Turisová I, Kviatková T, Możdżeń K, Barabasz-Krasny B. Effects of Natural Sorbents on the Germination and Early Growth of Grasses on Soils Contaminated by Potentially Toxic Elements. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111591. [PMID: 33212931 PMCID: PMC7698367 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The reclamation of abandoned mining heaps rich in potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is critical for the environment. We carried out a laboratory experiment studying the effects of the addition of four natural sorbents (biochar, bentonite, chicken manure and organo-zeolitic substrate) to soils contaminated with PTEs, predominantly Cu, As and Sb, on the germination and growth of the autochthonous grasses Agrostis capillaris, A. stolonifera, Festuca rubra and Poa pratensis. The experiment used Petri dish tests with water extracts of contaminated soil and soil neutralised with the four sorbents. Standard indexes of the germination process were used (germination percentage, time required for 50% germination index, speed of emergence), and different values were found depending on the plant species and sorbent used. However, the percentage of seeds germinating was lower for each sorbent compared to the control (distilled water). The fresh mass values were positively stimulated by all sorbents. Electrolyte leakage was the highest in seedlings watered with an extract of untreated soil from the heap compared to extracts from treated soils and the control. This can be interpreted as eliminating the harmful effects of increased potentially toxic element (PTE) contents by sorbents, which can be useful in remediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Turisová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatiana Kviatková
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia;
| | - Katarzyna Możdżeń
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2 St., 30-084 Kraków, Poland; (K.M.); (B.B.-K.)
| | - Beata Barabasz-Krasny
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2 St., 30-084 Kraków, Poland; (K.M.); (B.B.-K.)
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159
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Liu P, Zhang Y, Feng N, Zhu M, Tian J. Potentially toxic element (PTE) levels in maize, soil, and irrigation water and health risks through maize consumption in northern Ningxia, China. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1729. [PMID: 33198713 PMCID: PMC7670719 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrial and agricultural activities result in elevated levels of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the local environment. PTEs can enter the human body through the food chain and pose severe health risks to inhabitants. In this study, PTE levels in maize, soil, and irrigation water were detected, and health risks through maize consumption were evaluated. METHODS Maize, soil, and irrigation water samples were collected in northern Ningxia, China. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was applied to determine the contents of six PTEs. Bioaccumulation factor was used to reflect the transfer potential of a metal from soil to maize. Health risks associated with maize consumption were assessed by deterministic and probabilistic estimation. Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine variables that pose the greatest effect on health risk results. RESULTS The levels of Pb and Cr in maize exceeded the standards, while the PTE levels in soil and irrigation water did not exceed the corresponding standards. The bioaccumulation factor values of the six PTEs in maize were all lower than 1 and followed the order of Cd > Zn = As > Cr > Cu > Pb. The hazard index (0.0986) was far less than 1 for all inhabitants implying no obvious non-carcinogenic risk. The carcinogenic risk value was 3.261 × 10- 5, which was lower than the maximum acceptable level of 1 × 10- 4 suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Females were at greater risk than males, and the age group of below 20 years had the greater risk among all the groups evaluated. Approximately 0.62% of inhabitants exceeded the level for non-carcinogenic risk, while 8.23% exceeded the level for carcinogenic risk. The As concentration and daily intake of maize contributed 35.8, and 29.4% for non-carcinogenic risk results as well as 61.0 and 18.5% for carcinogenic risk results. CONCLUSIONS Maize was contaminated by Pb and Cr, whereas the associated soil and irrigation water were not contaminated by PTEs. Inhabitants would not suffer obvious harmful health risks through maize consumption. Arsenic level and daily intake of maize were the most sensitive factors that impact health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.,School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ningchuan Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Meilin Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Juncang Tian
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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160
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Song L, Pan Z, Dai Y, Chen L, Zhang L, Liao Q, Yu X, Guo H, Zhou G. Characterization and comparison of the bacterial communities of rhizosphere and bulk soils from cadmium-polluted wheat fields. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10302. [PMID: 33194446 PMCID: PMC7648459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium pollution is becoming a serious problem due to its nondegradability and substantial negative influence on the normal growth of crops, thereby harming human health through the food chain. Rhizospheric bacteria play important roles in crop tolerance. However, there is little experimental evidence which demonstrates how various cadmium concentrations affect the bacterial community in wheat fields including rhizosphere microorganisms and nonrhizosphere (bulk) microorganisms. In this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology was used to investigate bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soils under different levels of pollution in terms of cadmium concentration. Both the richness and diversity of the rhizosphere microorganism community were higher under nonpolluted soil and very mild and mild cadmium-contaminated soils than compared with bulk soil, with a shift in community profile observed under severe cadmium pollution. Moreover, cadmium at various concentrations had greater influence on bacterial composition than for the nonpolluted site. In addition, redundancy analysis (RDA) and Spearman’s analysis elucidated the impact of exchangeable Cd and total Cd on bacterial community abundance and composition. This study suggests that cadmium imposes a distinct effect on bacterial community, both in bulk and rhizosphere soils of wheat fields. This study increases our understanding of how bacterial communities in wheat fields shaped under different concentrations of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenzhi Pan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing Univerity, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qilin Liao
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiezhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing Univerity, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing Univerity, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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161
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Fatemi H, Esmaiel Pour B, Rizwan M. Isolation and characterization of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and their combined use with silicon nanoparticles improved the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under Pb stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:114982. [PMID: 32650299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid global industrialization has increased the chances of toxic trace element accumulation in plants and other living things via the food chain. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable techniques with the aim to alleviate the stress of toxic trace elements in crops to feed the ever-increasing population with quality food. This research was based on the hypothesis that the growth traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants can be improved by the combined application of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) under Pb stress. Two Pb-resistant strains of the microbes were isolated under different Pb concentrations, and then these strains were characterized for different traits. The strains were inoculated in the Pb-spiked (500 mg/kg) soil, and Si-NPs (1.5 mM) were foliar sprayed at different time (three times, two-week interval). The growth and stress tolerance of the plant were assessed by measuring the morphological traits, chlorophyll contents, proline, electrolyte leakage, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities of the leaves. Results demonstrated that Pb stress had significant negative impacts on all the traits of the coriander. Si-NPs application or bacterial inoculation reversed the Pb-induced toxicities in plants, which was indicated by the improved growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants under Pb stress. The effect of the combined use of Si-NPs and microbes was more pronounced than the treatments alone. It can be concluded that Pb-resistant microorganism and Si-NPs could effectively be used to alleviate Pb stress in coriander.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Fatemi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Esmaiel Pour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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162
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Shang C, Wang L, Tian C, Song J. Heavy metal tolerance and potential for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated saline soils for the euhalophyte Suaeda salsa. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1805902. [PMID: 32815486 PMCID: PMC7588191 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1805902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to irrigation practices and industrial pollution, large areas of the lands in the world are simultaneously affected by salinity and heavy metal contamination. It has been considered that halophytes have adapted to salinity, and can be used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated saline soils. Suaeda salsa L. (S. salsa) is a high salt-resistance plant, which can efficiently absorb and accumulate salt and toxic metals from saline soils, suggesting that this may be potential plant species that can be used for the restoration of saline soils contaminated with heavy metals. The present brief review sheds light on the characteristics of S. salsa in the uptake and accumulation of high levels of heavy metals. Furthermore, the physiological and molecular mechanisms for heavy metal tolerance were highlighted. The potential values of S. salsa in the remediation of saline soils were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Changyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Jie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P.R. China
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163
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Zehra A, Choudhary S, Wani KI, Naeem M, Khan MMA, Aftab T. Exogenous abscisic acid mediates ROS homeostasis and maintains glandular trichome to enhance artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua under copper toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:125-134. [PMID: 32932206 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the major abiotic stresses that cause environmental pollution is heavy metal stress. In the present investigation, copper (Cu) toxicity caused morphological and cellular damages to the Artemisia annua L. plants but supplementation of abscisic acid (ABA) ameliorated the damaging effect of Cu. Copper toxicity significantly reduced the shoot and root lengths; fresh and dry weights of shoot. However, exogenous application of ABA to Cu-treated plants significantly attenuated the damaging effects on plants caused by Cu toxicity. Copper stress also reduced the physiological and biochemical parameters, but ABA application ameliorated the negative effects of Cu in the affected plant. Accumulation of Cu in plant tissues significantly increased the membrane damage and oxidative enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Further, the impact of high concentration of Cu on density, area and ultrastructure of glandular trichomes and artemisinin content was studied. Moreover, the foliar application of ABA improved the area, density of glandular trichomes and secured the plant cells from Cu toxicity. Therefore, this investigation indicated that the exogenous application of ABA protects A. annua plant by increasing antioxidant enzymes activity, which helps in maintaining cell integrity of leaves and results in increased artemisinin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Zehra
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Sadaf Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Kaiser Iqbal Wani
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India.
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164
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Novello N, Ferfuia C, Pasković I, Fabris A, Baldini M, Schat H, Pošćić F. Independent variation in copper tolerance and copper accumulation among crop species and varieties. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:538-551. [PMID: 33059265 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) locally contaminates soils and might negatively affect growth and yield of crops. A better understanding of plant copper tolerance and accumulation is needed in order to breed more Cu-tolerant or Cu-efficient crops. Cu tolerance was evaluated in different varieties of seven species (Brassica carinata, B. juncea, B. napus, Cynara cardunculus, Helianthus annuus, Nicotiana tabacum and Raphanus sativus) exposed to a series of CuSO4 concentrations (0.1-8 μM CuSO4) in the nutrient solution. Plants were further exposed to 0.1 μM CuSO4 and to their variety-specific concentrations that reduced root growth to 50% of the maximum rate (EC50). Among all the varieties of all the species the EC50 varied from 0.7 up to 3.1 μM Cu. B. carinata was significantly more Cu-sensitive than the other species, which were not significantly different among each other, and B. carinata and H. annuus accommodated significant intra-specific, inter-varietal variation. There were significant differences between species in Cu uptake efficiency and nutrient status. When under EC50 exposure, all the Brassicaceae, except B. carinata, maintained low Cu concentrations in shoots, whereas the other species and B. carinata exhibited significantly increased shoot Cu concentrations, compared to the control. There was no apparent relationship between Cu tolerance and Cu accumulation in roots and shoots, suggesting that the observed variation in tolerance, both between and within species, is not explained by differential exclusion capacity. Discriminant analysis and treatment comparisons suggest possible contribution of lignin, saturated fatty acids, manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) in tolerance to high Cu concentrations in shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Novello
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferfuia
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Igor Pasković
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism Poreč, K. Huguesa 8, Poreč, 52440, Croatia
| | - Andrea Fabris
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Mario Baldini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Henk Schat
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081, HV, the Netherlands
| | - Filip Pošćić
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, Split, 21000, Croatia.
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165
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Saleem MH, Fahad S, Adnan M, Ali M, Rana MS, Kamran M, Ali Q, Hashem IA, Bhantana P, Ali M, Hussain RM. Foliar application of gibberellic acid endorsed phytoextraction of copper and alleviates oxidative stress in jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) plant grown in highly copper-contaminated soil of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:37121-37133. [PMID: 32583108 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an abundant essential micronutrient element in various rocks and minerals and is required for a variety of metabolic processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, excess Cu can disturb normal development by adversely affecting biochemical reactions and physiological processes in plants. The present study was conducted to explore the potential of gibberellic acid (GA3) on fibrous jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) seedlings grown on Cu mining soil obtained from Hubei Province China. Exogenous application of GA3 (10, 50, and 100 mg/L) on 60-day-old seedlings of C. capsularis which was able to grow in highly Cu-contaminated soil (2221 mg/kg) to study different morphological, physiological, and Cu uptake and accumulation in different parts of C. capsularis seedlings. According to the results, increasing concentration of GA3 (more likely 100 mg/L) alleviates Cu toxicity in C. capsularis seedlings by increasing plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gaseous exchange attributes. The results also showed that exogenous application of GA3 reduced oxidative stress in C. capsularis seedlings by the generation of extra reactive oxygen species (ROS). The reduction in oxidative stress in C. capsularis seedlings is because that plant has strong enzymatic antioxidants [superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)], which ultimately increased their activities to overcome oxidative damage in the cells/tissues. In addition to the plant growth, biomass, and photosynthesis, foliar application of GA3 also helps to increase metal (Cu) concentration in different parts of the plants when compared to 0 mg/L of application of GA3. From these findings, we can conclude that foliar application of GA3 plays a promising role in reducing ROS generation in the plant cells/tissues and increased phytoextraction of Cu in different plant parts. However, more investigation is needed on field experiments to find a combination of GA3 with a very higher concentration of Cu using fibrous C. capsularis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shah Fahad
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Microelements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qurban Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Inas A Hashem
- Lab of Agricultural Wastes Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Parashuram Bhantana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Microelements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mubassir Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Reem M Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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166
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Zaheer IE, Ali S, Saleem MH, Imran M, Alnusairi GSH, Alharbi BM, Riaz M, Abbas Z, Rizwan M, Soliman MH. Role of iron-lysine on morpho-physiological traits and combating chromium toxicity in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:70-84. [PMID: 32745932 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is among the most widespread toxic trace elements found in agricultural soils resulting from various anthropogenic activities. However, the role of micronutrient-amino acid chelates in reducing Cr toxicity in crop plants has recently been suggested. The present study was conducted to explore the effect of iron (Fe) chelated with lysine (lys) on plant growth, biomass, gaseous exchange attributes, oxidative stress indicators, antioxidant response, and Cr uptake in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater in soil collected from District Kasur of Pakistan. B. napus seedlings (thirty-day-old) were shifted to pots irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater. After two weeks, foliar application of Fe-lys (5 mM) was carried out for four successive weeks, and plants were harvested carefully post ten weeks of cultivation in tannery wastewater, under controlled conditions. Toxic levels of Cr in the soil significantly decreased plant height, fresh biomass of roots and leaves, dry biomass of roots and leaves, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, total chlorophyll contents, carotenoid contents, transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthesis (PN), and water use efficiency (WUE). Toxic Cr levels in the soil also increased oxidative stress in the roots and leaves of B. napus plants, which were overcome by the activities of various antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Moreover, increasing levels of Cr in the soil caused a significant increase in the Cr content of the roots and shoots of B. napus plants. The negative effects of Cr toxicity could be overturned by Fe-lys application, significantly increasing plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, and gaseous exchange attributes by reducing oxidative stress (H2O2, MDA, EL) and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, foliar application of Fe-lys reduced the Cr concentration and increased essential micronutrients (Fe contents) in the roots and shoots of B. napus plants. These results shed light on the effectiveness of Fe-lys in improving the growth and up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities of B. napus in response to Cr stress. However, further studies at field levels are required to explore the mechanisms of Fe-lys-mediated reduction of the toxicity of not only Cr, but possibly also other heavy metals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ghalia S H Alnusairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zohaib Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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167
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Gomes DG, da Cunha LS, Oliveira HC. Dose-Dependent Dual Effect of Soil Copper on the Initial Development of Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. BRS 257 Seedlings. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:553-558. [PMID: 32918155 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate, through nonlinear regression models, the initial development of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. BRS 257) in soil supplemented with different copper levels. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse under natural light and temperature conditions. The seeds were sowed in soil containing different copper levels (11.20, 32.28, 52.31, 64.51, 79.42, 117.70, 133.53, 144.32, or 164.00 mg kg- 1). Germination percentage was not affected by the increase of copper content in the soil, but there was a delay in the germination process. There was no influence of copper levels on the seedling emergence speed index until 98.42 mg kg- 1; however, higher copper amounts reduced this parameter. Low copper concentrations increased plant development, but higher concentrations compromised mainly root growth. Overall, these results suggest that copper supplementation in the soil exerted dose-dependent dual effects on soybean seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Genuário Gomes
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Lucas Santana da Cunha
- Department of Statistic, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
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168
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Amir W, Farid M, Ishaq HK, Farid S, Zubair M, Alharby HF, Bamagoos AA, Rizwan M, Raza N, Hakeem KR, Ali S. Accumulation potential and tolerance response of Typha latifolia L. under citric acid assisted phytoextraction of lead and mercury. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127247. [PMID: 32534296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chelate-assisted phytoextraction by high biomass producing macrophyte plant Typha latifolia L. commonly known as cattail, is gaining much attention worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) on physiology and biochemistry of plant, Pb and Hg uptake in T. latifolia with and without citric acid (CA) amendment. The uniform seedlings of T. latifolia were treated with various concentrations in the hydroponics as: Pb and Hg (1, 2.5, 5 mM) each alone and/or with CA (5 mM). After four weeks of treatments, the results revealed that Pb and Hg significantly reduced the plant agronomic traits as compare to non-treated plants. The addition of CA improved the plant physiology and enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities to overcome Pb and Hg induced oxidative damage and electrolyte leakage. Our results depicted that Pb and Hg uptake and accumulation by T. latifolia was dose depend whereas, the addition of CA further increased the concentration and accumulation of Pb and Hg by up to 22 & 35% Pb and 72 & 40% Hg in roots, 25 & 26% Pb and 85 & 60% Hg in stems and 22 & 15 Pb and 100 & 58% Hg in leaves respectively compared to Pb and Hg treated only plants. On other hand, the root-shoot translocation factor was ≥1 and bioconcentration factor was also ≥2 for both Pb & Hg. The results also revealed that T. latifolia showed greater tolerance towards Hg and accumulated higher Hg in all parts compared with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Amir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif A Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Raza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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169
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Cao Q, Liu W, Gu Y, Xie L, Jiang W, Gao Y, Yang L. Synergetic enhancement toxicity of copper, cadmium and microcystin-LR to the Ceratophyllum demersum L. Toxicon 2020; 186:151-159. [PMID: 32798503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals and microcystins commonly co-exist in water bodies with cyanobacteria, and have been shown to affect aquatic plants. However, their combined effects remain largely unknown. In this study, the toxic effects of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on Ceratophyllum demersum L. were characterized in the presence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The results showed that the bioaccumulation of MC-LR and Cu/Cd in C. demersum was significantly increased by the interaction between MC-LR and Cu/Cd. The combined toxicity assessment results suggested that the toxicities of Cu or Cd to C. demersum would be largely exacerbated by MC-LR, which could be the results of increased bioaccumulation of the pollutants. Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture, significantly decreased plant fresh weight and total chlorophyll content of C. demersum, especially at their high concentrations. The antioxidative system was activated to cope with the adverse effects of oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly stimulated by Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture. However, the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were observed when exposed to relative high concentrations of Cu or Cd together with MC-LR of 5 μg L-1. MC-LR brought more stress to the antioxidative system, which is another possible explanation for the synergistic effect. Our findings highlight increased ecological risks of the co-contamination of heavy metals and harmful cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weili Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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170
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Triantafyllidis V, Zotos A, Kosma C, Kokkotos E. Effect of land-use types on edaphic properties and plant species diversity in Mediterranean agroecosystem. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3676-3690. [PMID: 33304180 PMCID: PMC7715500 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Land-use intensification, contrary to sustainable land management, has an impact on the healthiness of the environmental agroecosystem. To assess the environmental implications in abandoned land, olive groves and maize crops, the most sensitive and reliable edaphic indicators were measured to estimate plant species diversity and potentially toxic elements in soil, among different types of land-use. Species diversity presents a decrease in maize crops and olive groves compared to abandoned land. The families with the greatest species diversity were Poaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae in each land-use. From the results of the canonical correspondence analysis among species, sampling sites and selected environmental variables, a clear separation between species and sampling sites belonging to different types of land-use was found, presenting strong correlation with specific edaphic parameters (pH, Soil Organic Matter, Silt, Electrical Conductivity, Total Nitrogen, NO3-, P, K, Zn and Cu). Species diversity was reduced in maize crops due to anthropogenic interventions such as the excessive use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers and herbicides. Despite the fact that the lowest richness of plant species was found in olive groves, non-removal of crop residue preserves soil organic matter. In 7.4% of soil samples in olive groves, Cutotal concentrations were over 100 mg kg−1 denoting polluted soils, while the potentially toxic concentrations of bioavailable copper fraction (CuDTPA) probably lead to a decrease of species diversity. Future researches should therefore focus on the accumulation of toxic elements in agricultural land to preserve species diversity and a healthy environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Triantafyllidis
- Department of Business Administration of Food & Agricultural Enterprises, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasios Zotos
- Department of Business Administration of Food & Agricultural Enterprises, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Chariklia Kosma
- Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Efthimios Kokkotos
- Department of Business Administration of Food & Agricultural Enterprises, University of Patras, Greece
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171
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Saleem MH, Rehman M, Kamran M, Afzal J, Noushahi HA, Liu L. Investigating the potential of different jute varieties for phytoremediation of copper-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:30367-30377. [PMID: 32462620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu), with many documented cases of Cu toxicity in agriculture lands, is becoming an increasingly common issue in and elsewhere in China. However, fibrous crop such as jute is being used as phytoremediation candidate in Cu-contaminated soils due to its huge biomass. A pot experiment was conducted using four different varieties (HT, C-3, GC, and SH) of jute grown in highly Cu-contaminated soil (2221 mg kg-1), collected from Hubei Province, China. Results from this study showed that C-3 and HT were more resistant to Cu stress, while GC and SH had a serious effect due to high concentration of Cu and a significant decrease in growth and biomass. Furthermore, Cu in roots, leaves, stem core, and bast were higher in C-3 and HT compared with GC and SH. Likewise, at post-harvesting stage, maximum Cu concentration from Cu-contaminated soil was extracted by C-3 and HT while small amount was accumulated by GC and SH. The high content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves of GC and SH indicated that Cu induced oxidative damage while the antioxidative enzyme activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were increased to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during oxidative stress in the plants. Conclusively, it can be identified that when grown in Cu-contaminated soil, C-3 and HT have greater ability to grow in polluted soils and possible phytoremediation materials to revoke a large amount of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System core in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System core in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Javaria Afzal
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hamza Armghan Noushahi
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System core in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System core in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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172
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Cao L, Lin C, Gao Y, Sun C, Xu L, Zheng L, Zhang Z. Health risk assessment of trace elements exposure through the soil-plant (maize)-human contamination pathway near a petrochemical industry complex, Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114414. [PMID: 32244158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The trace elements contamination of agricultural soils near petrochemical industry complexes is a concern due to the risk of accumulating in food systems and subsequently affecting human health. We measured representative trace elements (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, Pb, Hg and As) through the soil-plant (maize)-human contamination pathway near a petrochemical industry complexes in an agricultural region from September 20 to 28, 2016. We found that the soil was mildly to moderately polluted by multiple trace elements, which was also confirmed by the contamination factor and enrichment factor values. Cd (enrichment factor = 2.28), Cu (2.75), Zn (1.85) and Pb (1.70) should be given more attention and prioritized over the other trace elements due to their higher potential risks. Furthermore, the trace elements contamination in maize grains was lower than the corresponding limits. The sequence of the transfer coefficient values was Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > Ni > As > Cr > Pb. Maize grain safety was threatened mainly by Zn, Cd and Cu. There was no risk to humans through soil ingestion, while a potential health risk from maize grain consumption existed. Children were more sensitive than adults to the non-carcinogenic risks of maize grain consumption. Trace element As was found to be the priority metal for risk control. For carcinogenic risk, adults were more sensitive than children; As, Cr and Cd were the priority metals for risk control, with CRmaize values exceeding the risk threshold (1 × 10-4). Overall, strict, intensive monitoring, especially of Cr and Cd, and soil protection measures are needed to prevent any furthertrace elements contamination and to ensure food safety. This study also provides a reference for similar studies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Chenlu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yufu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Liang Zheng
- Jilin Institute of Forestry Investigation and Planning, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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173
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Xv L, Ge J, Tian S, Wang H, Yu H, Zhao J, Lu L. A Cd/Zn Co-hyperaccumulator and Pb accumulator, Sedum alfredii, is of high Cu tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114401. [PMID: 32234645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High sensitivity towards Cu toxicity is problematic when using some hyperaccumulator plants for phytoremediation of soils with mixed contamination of Cu. Sedum alfredii, a Cd/Zn co-hyperaccumulator and Pb accumulator, is widely used for remediation of Cd, Zn, and Pb co-contaminated soils in China. In this paper, the tolerance and accumulation ability of S. alfredii towards Cu stress and its potential for phytoremediation of multi-metal polluted soils have been studied. Both the hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE) of S. alfredii accumulated high Cu in the roots and translocated minimal Cu to the shoots, and Cu in the stems and leaves mostly restricted in the vascular tissues (phloem zone). The HE plants, however, exhibited high Cu resistance with stimulated lateral root growth and increased chlorophyll content under 10 μM Cu treatment. XANES analysis showed that Cu in HE roots comprised Cu2+ (46.7%), Cu-histidine (35.2%) and Cu-cell wall (18.1%). The NHE under Cu stress showed decreased biomass, reduced leaf chlorophyll content, altered root architecture, and higher Cu localized to root cell wall as compared with the HEs. Potted HE plants thrived six months in multi-metal contaminated soils including 3897 mg kg-1 available Cu. In conclusion, HE S alfredii is highly tolerant toward Cu due to metal homeostasis in root cells. Therefore, this plant has great potential to remediate Zn, Cd, and Pb contaminated soils those also contain high levels of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xv
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengke Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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174
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Nutrient and heavy metal composition in select biotic and abiotic components of Varthur wetlands, Bangalore, India. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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175
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Ahmad R, Ishaque W, Khan M, Ashraf U, Riaz MA, Ghulam S, Ahmad A, Rizwan M, Ali S, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM. Relief Role of Lysine Chelated Zinc (Zn) on 6-Week-Old Maize Plants under Tannery Wastewater Irrigation Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5161. [PMID: 32708934 PMCID: PMC7400338 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tannery wastewater mainly comes from leather industries. It has high organic load, high salinity, and many other pollutants, including chromium (Cr). Tannery wastewater is generally used for crop irrigation in some areas of Pakistan and worldwide, due to the low availability of good quality of irrigation water. As tannery wastewater has many nutrients in it, its lower concentration benefits the plant growth, but at a higher concentration, it damages the plants. Chromium in tannery wastewater accumulates in plants, and causes stress at physiological and biochemical levels. In recent times, the role of micronutrient-amino acid chelated compounds has been found to be helpful in reducing abiotic stress in plants. In our present study, we used lysine chelated zinc (Zn-lys) as foliar application on maize (Zea mays L.), growing in different concentrations of tannery wastewater. Zinc (Zn) is required by plants for growth, and lysine is an essential amino acid. Maize plants were grown in tannery wastewater in four concentrations (0, 25%, 50%, and 100%) and Zn-lys was applied as a foliar spray in three concentrations (0 mM, 12.5 mM, and 25 mM) during plant growth. Plants were cautiously harvested right after 6 weeks of treatment. Foliar spray of Zn-lys on maize increased the biomass and improved the plant growth. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and contents of carotenoids also increased with Zn-lys application. In contrast to control plants, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were increased up to 12%, 50%, and 68% in leaves, as well as 16%, 51% and 89% in roots at 25%, 50%, and 100% tannery water application, respectively, without Zn-lys treatments. Zn-lys significantly reduced the damages caused by oxidative stress in maize plant by decreasing the overproduction of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in maize that were produced, due to the application of high amount of tannery wastewater alone. The total free amino acids and soluble protein decreased by 10%, 31% and 64% and 18%, 61% and 122% at 25%, 50% and 100% tannery water treatment. Zn-lys application increased the amino acids production and antioxidant activities in maize plants. Zn contents increased, and Cr contents decreased, in different parts of plants with Zn-lys application. Overall, a high concentration of tannery wastewater adversely affected the plant growth, but the supplementation of Zn-lys assertively affected the plant growth and enhanced the nutritional quality, by enhancing Zn and decreasing Cr levels in plants simultaneously irrigated with tannery wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (R.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Wajid Ishaque
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (W.I.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Mumtaz Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (R.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Atif Riaz
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (W.I.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Said Ghulam
- Department of Soil Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Awais Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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176
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Zhang L, Zhang C, Du B, Lu B, Zhou D, Zhou J, Zhou J. Effects of node restriction on cadmium accumulation in eight Chinese wheat (Triticum turgidum) cultivars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138358. [PMID: 32464746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Minimization of cadmium (Cd) accumulation in wheat is an effective method to prevent Cd-related health risks to humans. To understand the underlying mechanisms of restricting Cd transport, the role of nodes in Cd restriction was studied in eight Chinese wheat cultivars. The Cd accumulation differed significantly among the cultivars. The grain Cd concentrations were mainly dependent on the Cd concentrations in the roots and shoots. The Cd transport in the shoots controlled the wheat grain Cd accumulations. Nodes in the wheat stem have distinct functions in the transfer, distribution, and restriction of Cd. The node connected to the panicle showed the lowest translocation factors. The area of the vascular bundles, especially the diffuse vascular bundles, in the junctional node with the flag leaf was the key factor in restricting Cd transfer to the wheat grain. There was a significant relation between these areas and the grain Cd concentrations. The conclusion of this study is that screening or breeding cultivars with low Cd concentrations in the roots or with smaller areas of diffuse vascular bundles in the junctional nodes with the flag leaf is an effective strategy to decrease Cd concentration in wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligan Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Buyun Du
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Bingxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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177
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Shi K, Liu X, Zhu Y, Bai Y, Shan D, Zheng X, Wang L, Zhang H, Wang C, Yan T, Zhou F, Hu Z, Sun Y, Guo Y, Kong J. MdWRKY11 improves copper tolerance by directly promoting the expression of the copper transporter gene MdHMA5. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:105. [PMID: 32637133 PMCID: PMC7327004 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of fungicides and fertilizers has resulted in copper (Cu) contamination of soils and toxic levels of Cu in apple fruits. To breed Cu-resistant apple (Malus domestica) cultivars, the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes involved in Cu resistance must be identified. Here, we show that MdWRKY11 increases Cu tolerance by directly promoting the transcription of MdHMA5. MdHMA5 is a Cu transporter that may function in the storage of excess Cu in root cell walls and stems for Cu tolerance in apple. The transcription factor MdWRKY11 is highly induced by excess Cu. MdWRKY11 overexpression in transgenic apple enhanced Cu tolerance and decreased Cu accumulation. Apple calli transformed with an MdWRKY11-RNAi construct exhibited the opposite phenotype. Both an in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and an in vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that MdWRKY11 binds to the promoter of MdHMA5. Furthermore, MdWRKY11 promoted MdHMA5 expression in transgenic apple plants, as revealed by quantitative PCR. Moreover, inhibition of MdWRKY11 expression by RNA interference led to a significant decrease in MdHMA5 transcription. Thus, MdWRKY11 directly regulates MdHMA5 transcription. Our work resulted in the identification of a novel MdWRKY11-MdHMA5 pathway that mediates Cu resistance in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yixue Bai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Dongqian Shan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Chanyu Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Tianci Yan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Hu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jin Kong
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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178
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Rather BA, Mir IR, Masood A, Anjum NA, Khan NA. Nitric Oxide Pre-Treatment Advances Seed Germination and Alleviates Copper-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Indian Mustard. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E776. [PMID: 32575782 PMCID: PMC7356349 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This investigation tested the efficiency of nitric oxide (NO) in alleviation of Cu-induced adverse impacts on seed germination and photosynthesis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Pre-treatment of B. juncea seeds with sodium nitroprusside (SNP; NO donor) significantly improved the seed germination rate and also alleviated Cu-accrued oxidative stress. However, in the absence of NO, Cu caused a higher reduction in seed germination rate. The presence of NO strengthened the antioxidant defense system (glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) and thereby sustained the lower lipid peroxidation, reduced H2O2 content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in Cu-exposed seeds. NO pre-treated seeds also retained a higher amylase activity and exhibited an improved seed germination rate. This effect of NO under Cu stress was also seen in plants originated from the NO pre-treated seeds, where the role of NO pre-treatment was reflected in the improved photosynthetic potential of B. juncea. Overall, NO pre-treatment not only improved the germination rate in seeds but also carried its effects in the grown seedlings evidenced as improved photosynthesis and growth. Potential mechanisms involved in the action of NO pre-treatment included NO-mediated significant strengthening of the antioxidant defense system and decreases in Cu-caused oxidative stress parameters.
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179
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Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Mitigates the Toxic Effect of Excessive Copper Concentrations on Growth, Gaseous Exchange and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Corchorus capsularis L. and Improves Copper Accumulation Capabilities. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060756. [PMID: 32560128 PMCID: PMC7356174 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an important micronutrient for a plant’s normal growth and development. However, excess amount of Cu in the soil causes many severe problems in plants—which ultimately affect crop productivity and yield. Moreover, excess of Cu contents causes oxidative damage in the plant tissues by generating excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present experiment was designed to investigate the phytoextraction potential of Cu, morpho-physiological features and biochemical reaction of jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) seedlings using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) of 3 mM under different Cu levels (0 (control), 50 and 100 μM) in a hydroponic nutrient solution (Hoagland). Our results showed that elevated Cu rates (50 and 100 μM) in the nutrient solution significantly reduced plant height, fresh and dry biomass, total chlorophyll content and gaseous exchange attributes in C. capsularis seedlings. As the concentration of Cu in the medium increased (50 and 100 μM), the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidative stress in C. capsularis seedlings also increased, which could have been controlled by antioxidant activity in particular plant cells. In addition, rising Cu concentration in the nutrient solution also increased Cu uptake and accumulation in roots and leaves as well as affected the ultrastructure of chloroplast of C. capsularis seedlings. The addition of EDTA to the nutrient solution significantly alleviated Cu toxicity in C. capsularis seedlings, showing a significantly increase in plant growth and biomass. MDA contents was not significantly increased in EDTA-induced plants, suggesting that this treatment was helpful in capturing ROS and thereby reducing ROS in in C. capsularis seedlings. EDTA modification with Cu, although the bioaccumulation factor in roots and leaves and translocation factor for the leaves of C. capsularis seedlings has significantly increased. These results indicate that C. capsularis has considerable potential to cope with Cu stress and is capable of removing a large quantity of Cu from the Cu-contaminated soil while using EDTA is a useful strategy to increase plant growth and biomass with Cu absorption capabilities.
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180
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Silicon Alleviates Copper Toxicity in Flax Plants by Up-Regulating Antioxidant Defense and Secondary Metabolites and Decreasing Oxidative Damage. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nutrient management has gained much attention as a way to mitigate heavy metal stress. Silicon (Si) promotes plant defense responses against toxic metal stresses. In this study, we evaluated the effects of silicon (Si) on copper (Cu) toxicity in two flax genotypes (Sakha 1 and Sakha 2) as it relates to plant growth, yield attributes, total chlorophyll, nucleic acid content, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation, copper and silicon content, and fatty acid composition. The results showed that Cu (100 and 200 µM) inhibited plant growth and increased Cu accumulation in soil, roots, and shoots. Cu significantly decreased the yield attributes, total chlorophyll by 9.5% and 22% in Sakha 1 and by 22.5% and 29% in Sakha 2, and enhanced the accumulation of non-enzymatic (tocopherol), enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismnutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase) and secondary metabolites (phenol and flavonoids). The DNA content significantly decreased in stressed plants with 100 and 200 µM Cu about 22% and 44%, respectively, in Sakha 1 and about 21.6% and 34.7% in Sakha 2, and RNA content also decreased by about 20% and 29%, respectively, in Sakha 1 and by about 2% and 13% in Sakha 2 compared to the control plant. Furthermore, Cu stress accelerated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and induced cellular oxidative injury caused by lipid peroxidation. In parallel, Cu induced a change in the composition of fatty acids, resulting in lower unsaturated fatty acid levels and increased saturated fatty acids (increased saturation/unsaturation ratio for both genotypes). Treating the flax plants with irrigation three times with Si protected the plants from Cu toxicity. Si treatment decreased the uptake and the transport of Cu to the shoots and harvested seeds and promoted plant growth, yield attributes, and antioxidant defense systems by reducing Cu accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and the generation of H2O2. In addition, the alleviation of Cu toxicity correlated with increased Si accumulation in the roots and shoots. In conclusion, Si can be used to improve the resistance of flax plants to Cu toxicity by up-regulating the antioxidant defense system such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) and decreasing the oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Es-sbihi FZ, Hazzoumi Z, Benhima R, Amrani Joutei K. Effects of salicylic acid on growth, mineral nutrition, glandular hairs distribution and essential oil composition in Salvia officinalis L. grown under copper stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42398-020-00109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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182
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Zhang WP, Zhao YJ, Zhao ZW, Cheng X, Li KT. Structural characterization and induced copper stress resistance in rice of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum LPC-1. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:1077-1088. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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183
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Saleem MH, Ali S, Rehman M, Rana MS, Rizwan M, Kamran M, Imran M, Riaz M, Soliman MH, Elkelish A, Liu L. Influence of phosphorus on copper phytoextraction via modulating cellular organelles in two jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) varieties grown in a copper mining soil of Hubei Province, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126032. [PMID: 32018110 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil in mining areas is typically highly contaminated with heavy metals and lack essential nutrients for plants. Phosphorus reduces oxidative stress, improves plant growth, composition, and cellular structure, as well as facilitates the phytoremediation potential of fibrous crop plant species. In this study, we investigated two jute (Corchorus capsularis) varieties HongTieGuXuan and GuBaChangJia cultivated in copper (Cu)-contaminated soil (2221 mg kg-1), under different applications of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1) at both anatomical and physiological levels. At the same Cu concentration, the tolerance index of HongTieGuXuan was higher than that of GuBaChangJia, indicating that HongTieGuXuan may be more tolerant to Cu stress. Although the normal concentration of P (60 kg ha-1) in the soil improved plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, fibre yield and quality, and gaseous exchange attributes. However, high concentration of P (120 kg ha-1) was toxic to both jute varieties affected morphological and physiological attributes of the plants under same level of Cu. Moreover, Cu toxicity increased the oxidative stress in the leaves of both jute varieties was overcome by the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the high concentration of Cu altered the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, plastoglobuli, mitochondria, and many other cellular organelles in both jute varieties. Thus, phytoextraction of Cu by both jute varieties increased with the increase in P application in the Cu-contaminated soil. This suggests that P application enhanced the phytoremediation potential jute plants and can be cultivated as fibrous crop in Cu-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Centre, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Centre, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lijun Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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184
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Xu J, Zhang J, Lv Y, Xu K, Lu S, Liu X, Yang Y. Effect of soil mercury pollution on ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): Growth, product quality, health risks and silicon mitigation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110472. [PMID: 32199219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mercury residue in soil not only poisons plants, but also bioaccumulates and biomagnifies through the food chain, causing a significant risk to human health. As an essential condiment on the table, the food safety of ginger should be focused on. Using soil culture experiments, this study aimed to identify the response of ginger growth to mercury pollution, assess the transmission and residue of mercury in different product organs and explore the mitigation mechanism of silicon on mercury toxicity. Effects of soil mercury pollution on ginger growth showed hormesis and time effect. Long-term mercury pollution led to growth inhibition and quality degradation of ginger, eventually reducing its yield by 25.96% (mercury = 9 mg kg-1). Contents of mercury and silicon in different organs both were the highest in root, followed by rhizome, less in stem and leaf, especially the mercury residue in rhizome manifested as Mother-ginger > Son-ginger > Grandson-ginger. At 6 mg kg-1 soil mercury level, the mercury residue of Mother-ginger exceeds the edible pollutant limit standard (China) by 10.7 times, which makes no obvious risk after being consumed by adults, but poses a potential health threat to children. Notably, it is safer to consume the newly sprouted and inflated tender ginger. Application of silicon fertilizer could alleviate mercury toxicity, mainly by promoting ginger root growth and leaf pigment synthesis, stimulating water-gas exchange system, fluorescence system and antioxidant system to make an anti-stress response. 2 mg kg-1 silicon fertilizer had the most significant mitigation effect on mercury stress, which increased the yield of ginger by 24.85% and reduced the mercury residue of ginger block by 44.44%-60.17%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yao Lv
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yong Yang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China
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185
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Hien LTT, Trang PTT, Phuong PC, Tam PT, Xuan NT. Effects of nano-copper on maize yield and inflammatory response in mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 22:781-788. [PMID: 32373300 PMCID: PMC7196351 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.35787.8526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): Copper (Cu) is an essential dietary supplement in animal feeds, which plays an important role in maintaining the balance of all living organisms. Copper nanoparticles (nCu) participate in catalysing activities of multiple antioxidant/defensive enzymes and exerts pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects on systemic organs and tissues. The present study explored whether nCu affects maize growth and yield and grain mineral nutrients as well as physiological functions in mice. Materials and Methods: Maize seeds were treated with nCu (20 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg dry weight (DW)) and their grain productions were used for mouse feed. For testing of autoimmune response, mice were treated with nCu at concentration of 2 mg/l and 1000 mg/l and ultimately serum biochemical indicators, numbers and activation of immune cells infiltrated in mouse spleens were examined. Results: Treatment of maize seeds with nCu at dose of 20 mg/kg DW, but not 1000 mg/kg DW enhanced germination rate, plant growth and grain yield as well as grain mineral nutrients as compared to control group. Importantly, administration of mice with 1000 mg/l nCu resulted in their morphological change due to excessive accumulation of nCu in liver and blood, leading to inflammatory responses involved in upregulated expression of serum biochemical indicators of liver and kidney as well as increased infiltration and activation of splenic immune cells. Conclusion: nCu concentration at 20 mg/kg DW facilitated the morphological and functional development of maize plants, whose production was safe to feed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thu Hien
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phi Thi Thu Trang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Cam Phuong
- Nuclear Medicine and Oncology Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Tam
- Hanoi Open University, 101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Xuan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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186
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Zehra A, Choudhary S, Mukarram M, Naeem M, Khan MMA, Aftab T. Impact of Long-Term Copper Exposure on Growth, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Defence System and Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Soil-Grown Artemisia annua Genotypes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:609-618. [PMID: 32128603 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of copper (Cu) exposure on growth and physiological characteristics of three genotypes (CN-12, Cim-Sanjeevani and Cim-Arogya) of Artemisia annua L. were elucidated. The plants were grown under naturally illuminated greenhouse conditions and were harvested after physiological maturity (120 days after sowing). Results suggest that 10 mg kg- 1 Cu significantly enhanced the growth and physiological parameters like enzyme activities, photosynthesis. At higher concentrations, Cu inhibited the growth, biomass, photosynthetic parameters; while increased lipid peroxidation in all the genotypes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were upregulated by the Cu stress. The highest applied concentration of Cu (60 mg kg- 1) proved most toxic for plants. Moreover, artemisinin content was increased upto 10 mg kg- 1 of Cu treatment, compared with control, however, the artemisinin accumulation decreased at higher doses of Cu in all the genotypes. On the basis of studied parameters, Cim-Arogya was found to be most tolerant among all for Cu toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Zehra
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Sadaf Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Mohammad Mukarram
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India.
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187
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Zhou X, Wang S, Liu Y, Huang G, Yao S, Hu H. Coupling phytoremediation efficiency and detoxification to assess the role of P in the Cu tolerant Ricinus communis L. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125965. [PMID: 32069730 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous (P) fertilization is an important agronomic practice, but its role in enhancing phytoremediation efficacy and mediating detoxification has rarely been reported in environmental remediation studies. In this study, a pot experiment was undertaken to assess: firstly, the effect of P on phytoextraction of Cu by Ricinus communis L.; secondly, the potential mechanisms by differentiating the effects of the plant from that of P fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)2); and thirdly, the role of P in physiological detoxification. Results showed that the application of P fertilizer significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the plant biomass as well as the Cu concentrations in plant tissues. This enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency represented by the total Cu extraction (up to 121.3 μg Cu plant-1). Phosphorous (P) fertilizer led to a negligible decline in soil pH (0.2 units) but significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced the concentrations of soil available in Cu and Fe, due to the formation of insoluble Cu/Fe-phosphate precipitates. Nevertheless, P fertilizer still improved the accumulation and extraction of Cu by R. communis, most likely attributable to the Fe-deficiency induced by applied P fertilizer. Moreover, the application of P fertilizer revealed a significant reduction in MDA, and a profound (p ≤ 0.05) elevation in the amount of photosynthetic pigments, GSH and AsA, along with the enhanced activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT). In this way, Cu toxicity was alleviated. P fertilizers not only enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of Cu-contaminated soils by R. communis, but they also facilitate detoxification, which improves our understanding of the role of P in phytoremediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiupei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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188
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Gustave W, Yuan ZF, Li X, Ren YX, Feng WJ, Shen H, Chen Z. Mitigation effects of the microbial fuel cells on heavy metal accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113989. [PMID: 31991356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increase in toxic heavy metal pollutants in rice paddies threatens food safety. There is an urgent need for lnow-cost remediation technology for immobilizing these trace metals. In this study, we showed that the application of the soil microbial fuel cell (sMFC) can greatly reduce the accumulation of Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni in the rice plant tissue. In the sMFC treatment, the accumulation of Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni in rice grains was 35.1%, 32.8%, 56.9% and 21.3% lower than the control, respectively. The reduction of these elements in the rice grain was due to their limited mobility in the soil porewater of soils employing the sMFC. The restriction in Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni bioavailability was ascribed to the sMFC ability to immobilize trace metals through both biotic and abiotic means. The results suggest that the sMFC may be used as a promising technique to limit toxic trace metal bioavailability and translocation in the rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williamson Gustave
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, United Kingdom; The School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, New Providence, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Zhao-Feng Yuan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Ren
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wei-Jia Feng
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Haibo Shen
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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189
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Younas S, Rizvi H, Ali S, Abbas F. Irrigation of Zea mays with UASB-treated textile wastewater; effect on early irrigation of Zea mays with UASB-treated textile wastewater; effect on early growth and physiology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15305-15324. [PMID: 32077022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mature seeds of Zea mays (Malka 16) were irrigated with untreated and UASB-treated wastewater with combination of 50% textile and 50% sewage at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 0, 5, 10, and 15 h. Four other treatments diluted with distilled water (DW) were also evaluated. Eight-week analysis of irrigation revealed very small differences in the results of plant biomass and growth parameters of control and those irrigated with 15 h (HRT) treatments. The values of both types of water were observed as chlorophyll a and b contents, 5.9, 3.4, vs 5.5, 3.1 mg g-1, total chlorophyll 9.4 vs 8.8 mg g-1, carotenoids 9.5 vs 8.7 mg g-1, spad values 61.4 vs 56.3, net photosynthetic rate (A) 15.6 vs 14.5 μmol m-2 S-1, transpiration rate (E) 3.98 vs 3.8 μmol m-2 S-1, stomatal conductance 5.9 vs 5.8 μmol m-2 S-1, water use efficiency 10.3 vs 9.7 mmol Cmm-1 H2O, electrolyte leakage 115 vs 98% and total soluble proteins 385 vs 354 in leaves and 260 vs 231 g-1 FW in roots. While this stress enhanced H2O2 92 vs 115 and 195 vs 224 Units g-1, MDA 6.8 vs 9.1 and 5.9 vs 8.3 Units g-1, activities of enzymatic antioxidants SOD 25 vs 63 and 54 vs 63 Units g-1, POD 1170 vs 1310 and 570 vs 650 Units g-1, CAT 570 vs 820 and 880 vs 1040 Units g-1, and APX 235 vs 278 and 134 vs 187 Units g-1 in leaves and roots, respectively. Heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn) in such plants were mostly within or about permissible limits of NEQS. The results obtained were more close to that of control. This practice may lead to clean environment and its reuse shall also reduce the stress on fresh water. Early researches transpire a little work done on the reuse of UASB-treated textile wastewater with co substrate, for irrigation purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Younas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Hina Rizvi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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190
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Saleem MH, Ali S, Hussain S, Kamran M, Chattha MS, Ahmad S, Aqeel M, Rizwan M, Aljarba NH, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): A Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation? Biological and Economical Points of View. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040496. [PMID: 32294947 PMCID: PMC7238412 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important oil seed crop that is mostly cultivated in temperate climates. In addition to many commercial applications, flax is also used as a fibrous species or for livestock feed (animal fodder). For the last 40 years, flax has been used as a phytoremediation tool for the remediation of different heavy metals, particularly for phytoextraction when cultivated on metal contaminated soils. Among different fibrous crops (hemp, jute, ramie, and kenaf), flax represents the most economically important species and the majority of studies on metal contaminated soil for the phytoextraction of heavy metals have been conducted using flax. Therefore, a comprehensive review is needed for a better understanding of the phytoremediation potential of flax when grown in metal contaminated soil. This review describes the existing studies related to the phytoremediation potential of flax in different mediums such as soil and water. After phytoremediation, flax has the potential to be used for additional purposes such as linseed oil, fiber, and important livestock feed. This review also describes the phytoremediation potential of flax when grown in metal contaminated soil. Furthermore, techniques and methods to increase plant growth and biomass are also discussed in this work. However, future research is needed for a better understanding of the physiology, biochemistry, anatomy, and molecular biology of flax for increasing its pollutant removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.H.S.); (M.S.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-419-201-566
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Muhammad Sohaib Chattha
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.H.S.); (M.S.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Shoaib Ahmad
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.H.S.); (M.S.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China;
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Nada H. Aljarba
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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191
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Effect of Citric Acid on Growth, Ecophysiology, Chloroplast Ultrastructure, and Phytoremediation Potential of Jute ( Corchorus capsularis L.) Seedlings Exposed to Copper Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040592. [PMID: 32290389 PMCID: PMC7226093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil and water contamination from heavy metals and metalloids is one of the most discussed and caused adverse effects on food safety and marketability, crop growth due to phytotoxicity, and environmental health of soil organisms. A hydroponic investigation was executed to evaluate the influence of citric acid (CA) on copper (Cu) phytoextraction potential of jute (Corchorus capsularis L.). Three-weeks-old seedlings of C. capsularis were exposed to different Cu concentrations (0, 50, and 100 μM) with or without the application of CA (2 mM) in a nutrient growth medium. The results revealed that exposure of various levels of Cu by 50 and 100 μM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll contents, gaseous exchange attributes, and damaged ultra-structure of chloroplast in C. capsularis seedlings. Furthermore, Cu toxicity also enhanced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) which indicated the Cu-induced oxidative damage in the leaves of C. capsularis seedlings. Increasing the level of Cu in the nutrient solution significantly increased Cu uptake by the roots and shoots of C. capsularis seedlings. The application of CA into the nutrient medium significantly alleviated Cu phytotoxicity effects on C. capsularis seedlings as seen by plant growth and biomass, chlorophyll contents, gaseous exchange attributes, and ultra-structure of chloroplast. Moreover, CA supplementation also alleviated Cu-induced oxidative stress by reducing the contents of MDA. In addition, application of CA is helpful in increasing phytoremediation potential of the plant by increasing Cu concentration in the roots and shoots of the plants which is manifested by increasing the values of bioaccumulation (BAF) and translocation factors (TF) also. These observations depicted that application of CA could be a useful approach to assist Cu phytoextraction and stress tolerance against Cu in C. capsularis seedlings grown in Cu contaminated sites.
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192
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Chen F, Tao W, Ng DHL, Zhang L, Liu S. A sand composite with surface gel coating containing alkylamine toward the removal and immobilization of complex metal ions from electroplating wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:1471-1478. [PMID: 32616699 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SiO2 gel was formed on the grain surface of silica sand by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate in water with the addition of 1-butylamine. The resultant product was a composite consisting of sand grains with mesoporous silica coating containing alkylamine inside. This composite exhibited basicity in the wastewater from copper electroplating due to its release of amine. As a result, the strongly acidic wastewater was neutralized and the co-precipitation of complex metal ions occurred. It was shown that up to 12 major metal ions in the wastewater could be simultaneously removed under static condition at room temperature by using the sand composite. The Fe and Cu in the wastewater could be removed completely, while the concentrations of Al, Cd, Ti, V, and Zn in the wastewater were reduced by two to three orders of magnitude. After the removal of multiple metal ions from the electroplating wastewater, the used sand was further applied as a raw material for making a silicate glass. The glass was chemically stable and thus the heavy metal ions from the wastewater were immobilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China E-mail: ;
| | - Wenhong Tao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China E-mail: ;
| | - Dickon H L Ng
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luteng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China E-mail: ;
| | - Shiquan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China E-mail: ;
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193
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Copper Uptake and Accumulation, Ultra-Structural Alteration, and Bast Fibre Yield and Quality of Fibrous Jute ( Corchorus capsularis L.) Plants Grown Under Two Different Soils of China. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030404. [PMID: 32213938 PMCID: PMC7154872 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential heavy metal for plants, but high Cu concentration in the soil causes phytotoxicity. Some plants, however, possess a system that can overcome Cu toxicity, such as Cu localization, and an active antioxidant defence system to reduce oxidative damage induced by high Cu concentration. The present study was conducted to explore the phytoremediation potential, morpho-physiological traits, antioxidant capacity, and fibre quality of jute (Corchorus capsularis) grown in a mixture of Cu-contaminated soil and natural soil at ratios of 0:1 (control), 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. Our results showed that high Cu concentration in the soil decreased plant growth, plant biomass, chlorophyll content, gaseous exchange, and fibre yield while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which indicated oxidative stress induced by high Cu concentration in the soil. Antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) scavenge ROS in plant cells/tissues. Furthermore, high Cu concentration did not significantly worsen the fibre quality of C. capsularis, and this plant was able to accumulate a large amount of Cu, with higher Cu accumulation in its shoots than in its roots. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Cu toxicity affected different organelles of C. capsularis, with the chloroplast as the most affected organelle. On the basis of these results, we concluded that high Cu concentration was toxic to C. capsularis, reducing crop yield and plant productivity, but showing little effect on plant fibre yield. Hence, C. capsularis, as a fibrous crop, can accumulate a high concentration of Cu when grown in Cu-contaminated sites.
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194
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Li C, Yu F, Li Y, Niu W, Li J, Yang J, Liu K. Comparative analysis of the seed germination of pakchoi and its phytoremediation efficacy combined with chemical amendment in four polluted soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1156-1167. [PMID: 32202138 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1741508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The seed germination plant growth parameters and level of heavy metal accumulation were investigated in pakchoi cultured in four contaminated soils with different levels of heavy metals supplemented with citric acid (CA) or calcium phosphate (CP). Results showed that the seed germination energy, germination percentage and germination index parameters were similar, while the seed vigor (SV) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased as the soil pollution level increased. The lengths of the shoots and roots presented the same trend as SV. All the seedlings grew in heavily polluted soil without any amendments before harvesting; therefore, no plant material was available for subsequent analyses. The photosynthesis parameters of pakchoi cultured in lightly polluted soil without amendment (LPS), lightly polluted soil with CA (LPSA) and moderately polluted soil with CP (MPSP) were similar. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu and Cd in the shoots, roots and whole plants were in the order of MPSP > LPSA > LPS. Pakchoi cultured in MPSP showed the most promising results in terms of plant height, biomass and heavy metal accumulation. Pakchoi presented the highest translocation and bioaccumulation factors for Cd and the lowest for Pb.HighlightsSoil pollution and the type of chemical amendment had no effect on the seed germination of pakchoi.Citric acid addition in lightly polluted soil improved pakchoi growth and heavy metal extraction.Pakchoi cultured in moderately polluted soil with calcium phosphate amendment presented the highest biomass and heavy metal concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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195
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Cai W, Wang Y, Dang F, Zhou D. Copper pre-exposure reduces AgNP bioavailability to wheat. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:136084. [PMID: 31863980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in contaminated sites can affect plant responses to emerging contaminates such as engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. After 4-day exposure to 0-2.5 mg Cu L-1 hydroponically, Cu concentrations in roots of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.) increased from 20 ± 3 to 325 ± 58 mg kg-1. Meanwhile, the cell death in root tips, as measured by the uptake of Evans blue stain, increased 1.8-2.8 times in response to Cu exposure. Total thiol contents in roots (including glutathione, cysteine and phytochelatins), as measured by high performance liquid chromatography, increased 1.4 times upon low Cu exposure but decreased 2.2 times upon high Cu exposure. After those wheats were exposed to 10 mg L-1 AgNPs for 8 h, the Ag influx rates decreased 1.3-3.9 times in Cu pre-exposed plants. Together, the cell death in root tips and thiol levels in roots could explain the decreased Ag influx rates of Cu pre-exposed plants. These findings indicate that the bioavailability of AgNPs without consideration of pre-existing metals could be over-estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Cai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fei Dang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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196
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Lillo-Robles F, Tapia-Gatica J, Díaz-Siefer P, Moya H, Youlton C, Celis-Diez JL, Santa-Cruz J, Ginocchio R, Sauvé S, Brykov VA, Neaman A. Which soil Cu pool governs phytotoxicity in field-collected soils contaminated by copper smelting activities in central Chile? CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125176. [PMID: 31671299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have attempted to predict the so-called "phytoavailable" fraction by correlating plant responses with different soil metal pools. Most of the data derived from these studies tend to be inconsistent, making interpretations difficult. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine which soil Cu pool (free Cu2+, salt-exchangeable Cu or total Cu) controls Cu phytotoxicity in soils near a Cu smelter in central Chile. We studied the following traits of the local plant community grown spontaneously on the study site: species richness, shoot biomass, and plant cover. The site was dominated by four early plant colonizers: Eschscholzia californica Cham., Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Fossat, Lolium perenne L., and Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray. We determined exchangeable soil Cu and activity of free Cu2+ in 0.1 M KNO3 extracts using soil/solution ratio of 1/2.5. The effect of total soil Cu on plant responses was not significant (p > 0.05). In our field-collected soil series, exchangeable Cu was a better indicator of soil phytotoxicity than either total soil Cu or free Cu2+ in the soil solution. We determined upper critical threshold values for Cu exposure using the three plant traits cited above. The mean values of EC10, EC25, and EC50 (effective concentration at 10%, 25%, and 50%, respectively) of exchangeable soil Cu (in μg L-1) were 255, 391, and 533, respectively. The mean EC10, EC25 and EC50 values of pCu2+ were 7.5, 6.8, and 5.9, respectively. We highlight the importance of further studies on Cu phytotoxicity using actual field-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Lillo-Robles
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Jaime Tapia-Gatica
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Pablo Díaz-Siefer
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Héctor Moya
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Cristián Youlton
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Juan L Celis-Diez
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Javier Santa-Cruz
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Rosanna Ginocchio
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente (DEMA), Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Vasyl A Brykov
- Department of Landscape Design and Sustainable Ecosystems, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Neaman
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile.
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197
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Hossain MS, Abdelrahman M, Tran CD, Nguyen KH, Chu HD, Watanabe Y, Hasanuzzaman M, Mohsin SM, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Insights into acetate-mediated copper homeostasis and antioxidant defense in lentil under excessive copper stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113544. [PMID: 31859126 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gradual contamination of agricultural land with copper (Cu), due to the indiscriminate uses of fungicides and pesticides, and the discharge of industrial waste to the environment, poses a high threat for soil degradation and consequently food crop production. In this study, we combined morphological, physiological and biochemical assays to investigate the mechanisms underlying acetate-mediated Cu toxicity tolerance in lentil. Results demonstrated that high dose of Cu (3.0 mM CuSO4. 5H2O) reduced seedling growth and chlorophyll content, while augmenting Cu contents in both roots and shoots, and increasing oxidative damage in lentil plants through disruption of the antioxidant defense. Principle component analysis clearly indicated that Cu accumulation and increased oxidative damage were the key factors for Cu toxicity in lentil seedlings. However, acetate pretreatment reduced Cu accumulation in roots and shoots, increased proline content and improved the responses of antioxidant defense (e.g. increased catalase and glutathione-S-transferase activities, and improved action of glutathione-ascorbate metabolic pathway). As a result, excess Cu-induced oxidative damage was reduced, and seedling growth was improved under Cu stress conditions, indicating the role of acetate in alleviating Cu toxicity in lentil seedlings. Taken together, exogenous acetate application reduced Cu accumulation in lentil roots and shoots and mitigated oxidative damage by activating the antioxidant defense, which were the major determinants for alleviating Cu toxicity in lentil seedlings. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the protective roles of acetate in mitigating Cu toxicity in lentil, and suggest that application of acetate could be a novel and economical strategy for the management of heavy metal toxicity and accumulation in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho, Kita gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0001, Japan; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - Cuong Duy Tran
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Science, Pham Van Dong str., Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam; Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Str., Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Duc Chu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Science, Pham Van Dong str., Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho, Kita gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho, Kita gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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198
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Coppa E, Astolfi S, Beni C, Carnevale M, Colarossi D, Gallucci F, Santangelo E. Evaluating the potential use of Cu-contaminated soils for giant reed (Arundo donax, L.) cultivation as a biomass crop. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:8662-8672. [PMID: 31907812 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the important topic of environmental sustainability, impact, and security of the fossil fuel supply has stimulated interest in using lignocellulosic feedstocks as biofuel to partially cover energy demands. Among energy no-food crops, giant reed (Arundo donax, L.), a perennial rhizomatous grass has been identified as a leading candidate crop for lignocellulosic feedstock, due to its positive energy balance, and low ecological/agro-management demands. The aim of the present study was to characterize the physiological response of Arundo donax (L.) to artificial soil contamination with three different Cu levels (200, 400, and 800 ppm), and to assess the relationship between plant Cu tolerance and S assimilation rate. The present study not only confirms the ability of Arundo donax L. to cope with Cu stress and therefore to grow in marginal, degraded lands abandoned by mainstream agricultural, but also shows that plant performance might be likely ascribed to a modulation of sulfate metabolism resulting in increased thiols content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Coppa
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, DAFNE, University of Tuscia, via S.C. de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Stefania Astolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, DAFNE, University of Tuscia, via S.C. de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Claudio Beni
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Unità di Ricerca per l'Ingegneria Agraria, Monterotondo (Roma), Via della Pascolare 16, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Monica Carnevale
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Unità di Ricerca per l'Ingegneria Agraria, Monterotondo (Roma), Via della Pascolare 16, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Davide Colarossi
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, DAFNE, University of Tuscia, via S.C. de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Gallucci
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Unità di Ricerca per l'Ingegneria Agraria, Monterotondo (Roma), Via della Pascolare 16, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Enrico Santangelo
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Unità di Ricerca per l'Ingegneria Agraria, Monterotondo (Roma), Via della Pascolare 16, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
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199
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De Conti L, Cesco S, Mimmo T, Pii Y, Valentinuzzi F, B Melo GW, Ceretta CA, Trentin E, Marques ACR, Brunetto G. Iron fertilization to enhance tolerance mechanisms to copper toxicity of ryegrass plants used as cover crop in vineyards. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125298. [PMID: 31731135 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is a plant species that can express mechanisms of tolerance to copper (Cu) toxicity. Therefore, the agronomical approach of intercropping system with ryegrass may represent a promising tool to limit the onset of Cu toxicity symptoms in the other intercropped plants species, particularly when an inadequate nutrient availability like iron (Fe) shortage is also concurrently present. This study aimed at assessing the mechanisms involved in the mitigation of Cu phytotoxicity and the stress effects on plant growth, root morphology and nutrition of ryegrass fertilized with two different Fe sources. To this purpose, seedlings of ryegrass were hydroponically grown for 14 days in controlled conditions with 4 different levels of Cu (0.2, 5.0, 25 and 50 μM) and with either 100 μM Fe-EDDHA or Fe-EDTA. Results show that high levels of Cu availability enhanced the root content of organic anions as well as the root exudation. Different Fe fertilizations at the condition of 50 μM Cu induced changes in root phenolic compounds, citrate and fumarate contents and the exudation pattern of phenolic compounds. Differences in plant growth were not observed between the two Fe sources, although Cu concentration in plant tissue fed with Fe-EDTA was lower in the condition of 50 μM Cu. The enhanced root exudation of Cu-complexing organic compounds (including phenolics) in ryegrass plants when exposed to excessive Cu availability could be at the basis of the ameliorated edaphic rhizosphere conditions (lower Cu availability). For this reason, from the agronomical point of view ryegrass plants used in intercropping systems with crops like vine plants could represent a promising strategy to control Cu toxicity in vineyard soils. Further studies under the field conditions must be taken to support present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lessandro De Conti
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, 98590-000, Santo Augusto, RS, Brazil.
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Youry Pii
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Fabio Valentinuzzi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, I-39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - George W B Melo
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Uva e Vinho, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Ceretta
- Department of Soil Science of the Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Edicarla Trentin
- Department of Soil Science of the Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Anderson C R Marques
- Department of Soil Science of the Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Brunetto
- Department of Soil Science of the Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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200
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Dai H, Wei S, Pogrzeba M, Rusinowski S, Krzyżak J, Jia G. Exogenous jasmonic acid decreased Cu accumulation by alfalfa and improved its photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110176. [PMID: 31927358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important phytohormone, which among others may be involved in the regulation of plant accumulating heavy metal. This experiment was designed to explore the effects of exogenous JA on the responses of alfalfa to Cu stress (100 μM) in Hoagland solution. When 1, 5 or 10 mM JA was added to the treatment with Cu addition, Cu concentrations in roots and leaves of alfalfa were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) to some extents compared to the treatment without JA addition. The biomasses of roots and leaves of alfalfa in treatments of JA additions were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the Cu stress treatment. Similarly, the concentrations of Chlorophyll, antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA and H2O2 were improved accordingly. But these factors of JA were not improved further when its concentration added in media was the highest (10 mM), indicating its improvement roles were limited. These results suggested that there were positive roles of exogenous JA on alfalfa decreased its Cu accumulation and toxicities might via reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Dai
- College of Biological Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Shuhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Genliang Jia
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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