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Alkhalil SS, Alosaimi SE, Alosaimi ME, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Al Abdulmonem W, Alkhamiss AS, Alghsham RS, Aljohani ASM, Shater AF, Saleh FM, Almohaimeed HM, Soliman MH. Enumeration of olive derived lignan, pinoresinol for activity against recent Omicron variant spike protein for structure-based drug design, DFT, molecular dynamics simulations, and MMGBSA studies. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:341-354. [PMID: 38030871 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first found in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Because the virus spreads quickly, it quickly became a global worry. Coronaviridae is the family that contains both SARS-CoV-2 and the viruses that came before (i.e., MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV). Recent sources portray that the COVID-19 virus has affected 344,710,576 people worldwide and killed about 5,598,511 people in the last 2 years. The B.1.1.529 strain, later called "Omicron," was named a Variant of Concern on November 24, 2021. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has gone through a never-ending chain of changes that have never happened before. As a result, it has many different traits. Most of these changes have occurred in the spike protein, where antibodies bind. Because of these changes, the Omicron type is very contagious and easy to pass on. There have been a lot of studies done to try to figure out this new challenge in the COVID-19 strains race, but there is still a lot that needs to be explained. This study focuses on virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamic analysis; we aimed to identify therapeutic candidates for the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron based on their ability to inhibit non-structural proteins. We investigate the prediction of the properties of a substantial database of drug molecules obtained from the OliveNet™ database. Compounds that did not exhibit adequate gastrointestinal absorption and failed the Lipinski test are not considered for further research. The filtered compounds were coupled with our primary target, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein. We focused on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein and filtering potent olive compounds. Pinoresinol, the most likely candidate, is bound best (- 8.5 kcal/mol). Pinoresinol's strong interaction with the active site made the complex's dynamic structure more resilient. MD simulations explain the protein-ligand complex's stability and function. Pinoresinol may be a promising SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein receptor lead drug, and additional research may assist the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S Alkhalil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shoruq E Alosaimi
- Respiratory Services Department, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH), P.O. Box 14611,, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saleh Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih S Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Shater
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez M Saleh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Soliman MH, Alghanem SMS, Alsudays IM, Alaklabi A, Alharbi BM, Al-Amrah H, Azab E, Alnusairi GSH. Co-application of titanium nanoparticles and melatonin effectively lowered chromium toxicity in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) through modifying biochemical characteristics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:25258-25272. [PMID: 38468007 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) toxicity can negatively affect plant growth and development, impacting agricultural productivity and posing risks to human health. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) and natural growth regulators such as melatonin (MT) become a promising technology to manage heavy metal-contaminated soils and promote safe food production. The present work was conducted to find the effect of foliar application of TiO2 NPs (15 mg L-1) and MT (100 µM) on growth, biochemical attributes, and Cr accumulation in plant tissues of Melissa officinalis L. under Cr toxicity (50 and 100 mg Cr kg-1 soil). The results showed that Cr toxicity led to decreased plant performance, where 100 mg Cr kg-1 soil led to notable decreases in shoot weight (28%), root weight (27%), essential oil (EO) yield (34%), chlorophyll (Chl) a + b (33%), while increased malondialdehyde (MDA, 30%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (51%), and catalase (CAT) activity (122%). The use of TiO2 NPs and MT, particularly their co-application, remarkably reduced Cr toxicity by enhancing plant weight, Chl content, and lowered MDA and antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), EO percentage, and rosmarinic acid in plants treated with Cr at 50 mg Cr kg-1 soil and co-application of TiO2 NPs and MT were relatively higher than in other treatments. Under 100 mg Cr kg-1 soil, the synergic effect of TiO2 NPs and MT-enhanced rosmarinic acid content (22%) but lowered Cr accumulation in roots (51%) and shoots (72%). Heat map analysis showed that CAT, SOD, MDA, and EO yield had the maximum variability under Cr, TiO2 NPs, and MT. Exogenous TiO2 NPs and MT can be recommended to modulate Cr toxicity in lemon balm under soil Cr toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suliman M S Alghanem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtisam M Alsudays
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alaklabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadba Al-Amrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Azab
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia S H Alnusairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
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ALMatrafi TA, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Moawadh MS, Bassfar Z, Jalal MM, Badahdah FA, Alghamdi YS, Almasoudi HH, Hakami MA, Binshaya AS, Almohaimeed HM, Soliman MH. Identification of potential biomarkers for melanoma cancer (black tumor) using bioinformatics strategy: a study based on GEO and SRA datasets. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:83-93. [PMID: 37875608 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma, a highly invasive type of skin cancer that penetrates the entire dermis layer, is associated with increased mortality rates. Excessive exposure of the skin to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet radiation, is the underlying cause of this malignant condition. The appearance of unique skin moles represents a visible clue, referred to as the "ugly duckling" sign, indicating the presence of melanoma and its association with cellular DNA damage. This research aims to explore potential biomarkers derived from microarray data, employing bioinformatics techniques and methodologies, for a thorough investigation of melanoma skin cancer. The microarray dataset for melanoma skin cancer was obtained from the GEO database, and thorough data analysis and quality control measures were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The top 14 highly expressed DEGs were identified, and their gene information and protein sequences were retrieved from the NCBI gene and protein database. These proteins were further analyzed for domain identification and network analysis. Gene expression analysis was conducted to visualize the upregulated and downregulated genes. Additionally, gene metabolite network analysis was carried out to understand the interactions between highly interconnected genes and regulatory transcripts. Molecular docking was employed to investigate the ligand-binding sites and visualize the three-dimensional structure of proteins. Our research unveiled a collection of genes with varying expression levels, some elevated and others reduced, which could function as promising biomarkers closely linked to the development and advancement of melanoma skin cancer. Through molecular docking analysis of the GINS2 protein, we identified two natural compounds (PubChem-156021169 and PubChem-60700) with potential as inhibitors against melanoma. This research has implications for early detection, treatment, and understanding the molecular basis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdoh S Moawadh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaid Bassfar
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Ahmed Badahdah
- Surgical Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, PSMMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef S Alghamdi
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, 21995, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim S Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia.
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Almohaimeed HM, Almars AI, Al Abdulmonem W, Alghsham RS, Aljohani ASM, Alharbi YM, Badahdah FA, Alkhudhairy BSM, Soliman MH. Molecular dynamics exploration of Lupenone: therapeutic implications for glioblastoma multiforme and alzheimer's amyloid beta pathogenesis. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:77-88. [PMID: 38129732 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neuro-oncological and neurodegenerative disorders, represented paradigmatically by glioblastoma and Alzheimer's disease, respectively, persist as formidable challenges in the biomedical realm. The interconnected molecular underpinnings of these conditions necessitate rigorous and novel therapeutic examinations. This comprehensive research was anchored on the premise of unveiling the therapeutic potential and specificity of Lupenone, a potent phytoconstituent, in targeting the molecular pathways underpinning both glioblastoma and Alzheimer's amyloid beta pathology. This was gauged through its interactions with key protein structures, 5H08 and 2ZHV. An integrative approach was adopted, marrying advanced proteomics and modern computer-aided drug design techniques. Molecular docking of Lupenone with 5H08 and 2ZHV was meticulously executed, with subsequent molecular dynamics simulations providing insights into the stability, viability, and intricacies of these interactions. Lupenone demonstrated profound binding affinities, evidenced by robust docking scores of -9.54 kcal/mol for 5H08 and -10.59 kcal/mol for 2ZHV. These interactions underscored Lupenone's eminent therapeutic potential in mitigating glioblastoma and modulating the amyloid beta pathology inherent to Alzheimer's. The introduction of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) further magnified the therapeutic prospects, accentuating Lupenone's efficacy. The findings of this study not only underscore the therapeutic acumen of Lupenone in addressing the challenges posed by glioblastoma and Alzheimer's but also lay a strong foundation for its consideration as a leading candidate in future neuro-oncological and neurodegenerative research endeavors. Given the compelling in-silico data, a clarion call is made for its empirical validation in holistic in-vivo settings, potentially pioneering a new therapeutic epoch in both glioblastoma and Alzheimer's interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany I Almars
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih S Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Mesfer Alharbi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Ahmed Badahdah
- Surgical Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, PSMMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Alharbi K, Khan AA, Sakit Alhaithloul HA, Al-Harbi NA, Al-Qahtani SM, Aloufi SS, Abdulmajeed AM, Muneer MA, Alghanem SMS, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Usman M, Soliman MH. Synergistic effect of β-sitosterol and biochar application for improving plant growth of Thymus vulgaris under heat stress. Chemosphere 2023; 340:139832. [PMID: 37591372 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has become the global concern due to its drastic effects on the environment. Agriculture sector is the backbone of food security which remains at the disposal of climate change. Heat stress is the is the most concerning effect of climate change which negatively affect the plant growth and potential yields. The present experiment was conducted to assess the effects of exogenously applied β-sitosterol (Bs at 100 mg/L) and eucalyptus biochar (Eb at 5%) on the antioxidants and nutritional status in Thymus vulgaris under heat stressed conditions. The pot experiment was conducted in completely randomize design in which thymus plants were exposed to heat stress (33 °C) and as a result, plants showed a substantial decline in morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters e.g., a reduction of 59.46, 75.51, 100.00, 34.61, 22.65, and 38.65% was found in plant height, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, dry shoot weight, dry root weight and leaf area while in Bs + Eb + heat stress showed 21.16, 56.81, 67.63, 23.09, 12.84, and 35.89% respectively as compared to control. In the same way photosynthetic pigments, transpiration rate, plant nutritional values and water potential increased in plants when treated with Bs and Eb in synergy. Application of Bs and Eb significantly decreased the electrolytic leakage of cells in heat stressed thymus plants. The production of reactive oxygen species was significantly decreased while the synthesis of antioxidants increased with the application of Bs and Eb. Moreover, the application Bs and Eb increased the concentration of minerals nutrients in the plant body under heat stress. Our results suggested that application of Bs along with Eb decreased the effect of heat stress by maintaining nutrient supply and enhanced tolerance by increasing the production of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Abdullah Khan
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | | | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeedah Sallum Aloufi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awatif M Abdulmajeed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Umluj, 46429, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Atif Muneer
- College of Resources and Environment, International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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Senousy HH, Hamoud YA, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Mahmoud Al zoubi O, Abdelbaky NF, Zia-ur-Rehman M, Usman M, Soliman MH. Algal Bio-Stimulants Enhance Salt Tolerance in Common Bean: Dissecting Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Mechanisms for Stress Adaptation. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3714. [PMID: 37960071 PMCID: PMC10648064 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity adversely affects the plant's morphological characteristics, but the utilization of aqueous algal extracts (AE) ameliorates this negative impact. In this study, the application of AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains effectively reversed the decline in biomass allocation and water relations, both in normal and salt-stressed conditions. The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control. Moreover, the AE treatments effectively mitigated lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage induced by salinity stress. The application of AE led to an increase in GB (6%) and the total concentration of free amino acids (47%) by comparing with salt-affected control. Additionally, salinity stress resulted in an elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Notably, the AE treatments significantly boosted the activity of these antioxidant enzymes under salinity conditions. Furthermore, salinity reduced mineral contents, but the application of AE effectively counteracted this decline, leading to increased mineral levels. In conclusion, the application of aqueous algal extracts, specifically those obtained from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains, demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating salinity-induced stress in Phaseolus vulgaris plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda H. Senousy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.S.)
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Recourses, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Omar Mahmoud Al zoubi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nessreen F. Abdelbaky
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.S.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
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Alharbi K, Alhaithloul HAS, Alayafi AAM, Al-Taisan WA, Alghanem SM, Al-Mushhin AAM, Soliman MH, Alsubeie MS, Vodnar DC, Marc RA. Impact of Plantago ovata Forsk leaf extract on morpho-physio-biochemical attributes, ions uptake and drought resistance of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:999170. [PMID: 36204080 PMCID: PMC9531683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the potential role of Plantago ovata Forsk leaf extract (POLE) which was applied at various concentration levels (control, hydropriming, 10, 20, 30, and 40% POLE) to the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Drought stressed was applied at 60% osmotic potential (OM) to the T. aestivum seedlings to study various parameters such as growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress and response of various antioxidants and nutritional status of the plants. Various growth parameters such as gaseous exchange attributes, antioxidants and nutritional status of T. aestivum were investigated in this study. It was evident that drought-stressed condition had induced a negative impact on plant growth, photosynthetic pigment, gaseous exchange attributes, stomatal properties, and ion uptake by different organs (roots and shoots) of T. aestivum. The decrease in plant growth resulted from oxidative stress and overcome by the antioxidant (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) compounds, since their concentration increased in response to dehydration. Seed priming with POLE positively increased plant growth and photosynthesis, by decreasing oxidative stress indicators and increasing activities of antioxidant (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) compounds, compared to the plants which were grown without the application of POLE. Our results also depicted that optimum concentration of POLE for T. aestivum seedlings under drought condition was 20%, while further increase in POLE (30 and 40%) induced a non-significant (P < 0.05) effect on growth (shoot and root length) and biomass (fresh and dry weight) of T. aestivum seedling. Here we concluded that the understanding of the role of seed priming with POLE in the increment of growth profile, photosynthetic measurements and nutritional status introduces new possibilities for their effective use in drought-stressed condition and provides a promising strategy for T. aestivum tolerance against drought-stressed condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aisha A. M. Alayafi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa’a A. Al-Taisan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Fasial University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moodi Saham Alsubeie
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sakit ALHaithloul HA, Khan MI, Musa A, Ghoneim MM, Aysh ALrashidi A, Khan I, Azab E, Gobouri AA, Sofy MR, El-Sherbiny M, Soliman MH. Phytotoxic effects of Acacia saligna dry leachates on germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic performance, and gene expression of economically important crops. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13623. [PMID: 35935250 PMCID: PMC9354756 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of dry leachates of Acasia saligna was tested on the seedling growth, photosynthesis, biochemical attributes, and gene expression of the economically important crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and arugula (Eruca sativa L.). Different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) of stem extract (SE) and leaf extract (LE) of A. saligna were prepared, and seedlings were allowed to grow in Petri plates for 8 days. The results showed that all plant species exhibited reduced germination rate, plant height, and fresh and dry weight due to leachates extracts of A. saligna. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), exhibited differential regulation due to the extract treatment. The SOD was increased with increasing the concentration of extracts, while CAT and APX activities were decreased with increasing the extract concentrations. In addition, leachate extract treatment decrease chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, PSII activity, and water use efficiency, with evident effects at their higher concentrations. Furthermore, the content of proline, sugars, protein, total phenols, and flavonoids were reduced considerably due to leachates extract treatments. Furthermore, seedlings treated with high concentrations of LE increased the expression of genes. The present results lead to the conclusion that A. saligna contains significant allelochemicals that interfere with the growth and development of the tested crop species and reduced the crops biomass and negatively affected other related parameters. However, further studies are suggested to determine the isolation and purification of the active compounds present in A. saligna extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq Khan
- Department of Weed Science and Botany, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia,Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Weed Science and Botany, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ehab Azab
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil A. Gobouri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud R. Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt,Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Dawood MFA, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Sofy MR, Mohamed HI, Soliman MH. Appraisal of kinetin spraying strategy to alleviate the harmful effects of UVC stress on tomato plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:52378-52398. [PMID: 35258726 PMCID: PMC9343307 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing ultraviolet (UV) radiation is causing oxidative stress that accounts for growth and yield losses in the present era of climate change. Plant hormones are useful tools for minimizing UV-induced oxidative stress in plants, but their putative roles in protecting tomato development under UVC remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the underlying mechanism of pre-and post-kinetin (Kn) treatments on tomato plants under UVC stress. The best dose of Kn was screened in the preliminary experiments, and this dose was tested in further experiments. UVC significantly decreases growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, and primary metabolites (proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids) but increases oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase activity, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide) and proline content. Treatment of pre-and post-kinetin spraying to tomato plants decreases UVC-induced oxidative stress by restoring the primary and secondary metabolites' (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins) status and upregulating the antioxidant defense systems (non-enzymatic antioxidants as ascorbate, reduced glutathione, α-tocopherol as well as enzymatic antioxidants as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase). Thus, the application of Kn in optimum doses and through different modes can be used to alleviate UVC-induced negative impacts in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F A Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud R Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, P.C.11757, Heliopolis Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-SharmYanbu El-Bahr, , Yanbu, 46429, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Khan M, Kamran M, Kadi RH, Hassan MM, Elhakem A, Sakit ALHaithloul HA, Soliman MH, Mumtaz MZ, Ashraf M, Shamim S. Harnessing the Potential of Bacillus altitudinis MT422188 for Copper Bioremediation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:878000. [PMID: 35663894 PMCID: PMC9161743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.878000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of heavy metals is a cause of environmental concern across the globe, as their increasing levels can pose a significant risk to our natural ecosystems and public health. The present study was aimed to evaluate the ability of a copper (Cu)-resistant bacterium, characterized as Bacillus altitudinis MT422188, to remove Cu from contaminated industrial wastewater. Optimum growth was observed at 37°C, pH 7, and 1 mm phosphate, respectively. Effective concentration 50 (EC50), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and cross-heavy metal resistance pattern were observed at 5.56 mm, 20 mm, and Ni > Zn > Cr > Pb > Ag > Hg, respectively. Biosorption of Cu by live and dead bacterial cells in its presence and inhibitors 1 and 2 (DNP and DCCD) was suggestive of an ATP-independent efflux system. B. altitudinis MT422188 was also able to remove 73 mg/l and 82 mg/l of Cu at 4th and 8th day intervals from wastewater, respectively. The presence of Cu resulted in increased GR (0.004 ± 0.002 Ug−1FW), SOD (0.160 ± 0.005 Ug−1FW), and POX (0.061 ± 0.004 Ug−1FW) activity. Positive motility (swimming, swarming, twitching) and chemotactic behavior demonstrated Cu as a chemoattractant for the cells. Metallothionein (MT) expression in the presence of Cu was also observed by SDS-PAGE. Adsorption isotherm and pseudo-kinetic-order studies suggested Cu biosorption to follow Freundlich isotherm as well as second-order kinetic model, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy (∆G°), change in enthalpy (∆H° = 10.431 kJ/mol), and entropy (∆S° = 0.0006 kJ/mol/K) depicted the biosorption process to a feasible, endothermic reaction. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analyses revealed the physiochemical and morphological changes in the bacterial cell after biosorption, indicating interaction of Cu ions with its functional groups. Therefore, these features suggest the potentially effective role of B. altitudinis MT422188 in Cu bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Roqayah H. Kadi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohamed M. Hassan,
| | - Abeer Elhakem
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Shamim
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Saba Shamim,
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11
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Al-Mushhin AAM, Qari SH, Fakhr MA, Alnusairi GSH, Alnusaire TS, ALrashidi AA, Latef AAHA, Ali OM, Khan AA, Soliman MH. Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in Chenopodium quinoa L. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2416. [PMID: 34834781 PMCID: PMC8623490 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol has gained a central position in plants due to its vital role in physiology and biochemistry. This experimental work assessed the effects of salinity stress and foliar application of myo-inositol (MYO) on growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, antioxidant system, osmolyte accumulation, and gene expression in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L. var. Giza1). Our results show that salinity stress significantly decreased growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weights of shoot and root, leaf area, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and Fv/Fm, with a more pronounced effect at higher NaCl concentrations. However, the exogenous application of MYO increased the growth and photosynthesis traits and alleviated the stress to a considerable extent. Salinity also significantly reduced the water potential and water use efficiency in plants under saline regime; however, exogenous application of myo-inositol coped with this issue. MYO significantly reduced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, reduced lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage concomitant with an increase in the membrane stability index. Exogenous application of MYO up-regulated the antioxidant enzymes' activities and the contents of ascorbate and glutathione, contributing to membrane stability and reduced oxidative damage. The damaging effects of salinity stress on quinoa were further mitigated by increased accumulation of osmolytes such as proline, glycine betaine, free amino acids, and soluble sugars in MYO-treated seedlings. The expression pattern of OSM34, NHX1, SOS1A, SOS1B, BADH, TIP2, NSY, and SDR genes increased significantly due to the application of MYO under both stressed and non-stressed conditions. Our results support the conclusion that exogenous MYO alleviates salt stress by involving antioxidants, enhancing plant growth attributes and membrane stability, and reducing oxidative damage to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Biology Department, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marwa A. Fakhr
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
- Plant Protection and Bimolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Application (SRTA-city), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt
| | - Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; (G.S.H.A.); (T.S.A.)
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; (G.S.H.A.); (T.S.A.)
| | - Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Omar M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amir Abdullah Khan
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Al-Surhanee AA, Afzal M, Bouqellah NA, Ouf SA, Muhammad S, Jan M, Kaleem S, Hashem M, Alamri S, Abdel Latef AAH, Ali OM, Soliman MH. The Antifungal Activity of Ag/CHI NPs against Rhizoctonia solani Linked with Tomato Plant Health. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112283. [PMID: 34834647 PMCID: PMC8618975 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic infestations are significant threats to vegetable yield, and have become an urgent problem to be solved. Rhizoctonia solani is one of the worst fungi affecting tomato crops, reducing yield in some regions. It is a known fact that plants have their own defense against such infestations; however, it is unclear whether any exogenous material can help plants against infestation. Therefore, we performed greenhouse experiments to evaluate the impacts of R. solani on 15- and 30-day old tomato plants after fungal infestation, and estimated the antifungal activity of nanoparticles (NPs) against the pathogen. We observed severe pathogenic impacts on the above-ground tissues of tomato plants which would affect plant physiology and crop production. Pathogenic infection reduced total chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, which subsequently disturbed plant physiology. Further, total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly increased in pathogen treatments. Constitutively, enhanced activities were estimated for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)in pathogen-treated plants. Moreover, pathogenesis-related genes, namely, chitinase, plant glutathione S-transferase (GST), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL1), pathogenesis-related protein (PR12), and pathogenesis-related protein (PR1) were evaluated, with significant differences between treated and control plants. In vitro and greenhouse antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), chitosan nanoparticles, and Ag NPs/CHI NPs composites and plant health was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry. We found astonishing results, namely, that Ag and CHI have antifungal activities against R. solani. Overall, plant health was much improved following treatment with Ag NPs/CHI NPs composites. In order to manage R. solani pathogenicity and improve tomato health, Ag/CHI NPs composites could be used infield as well as on commercial levels based on recommendations. However, there is an urgent need to first evaluate whether these NP composites have any secondary impacts on human health or the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Islamic Girls School and College, Parachinar 26301, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Salama A. Ouf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Mehmood Jan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Sidra Kaleem
- Ocean College of Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China;
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.); (S.A.)
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Omar M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia;
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13
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Abdel Razik ES, Alharbi BM, Pirzadah TB, Alnusairi GSH, Soliman MH, Hakeem KR. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) mitigates drought and heat stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by regulating its physiological, biochemical and molecular pathways. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:505-527. [PMID: 32979274 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought and heat stress are two dominant abiotic stress factors that often occur simultaneously in nature causing oxidative damage in plants and thus decline in yield. The present study was conducted to examine the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced heat and drought tolerance in sunflower through physiological, biochemical and molecular analysis. The results showed that drought and heat stress triggered oxidative stress as revealed by enhanced level in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage. Moreover, the photosynthetic attributes such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and quantum efficiency declined when subjected to drought and heat stress. In this study, GABA treatment effectively alleviated the drought and heat-induced stress as reflected by significantly higher levels of proline, soluble sugar and total protein content. Besides, the data also revealed the direct relationship between antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) and the relative expression of genes (Heat Shock Proteins, Dehydrin, Osmotin, Aquaporin, Leaf Embryogenesis Protein), under drought and heat stress. Moreover, a significant increase in gene expression was observed upon GABA treatment with respect to control. This data suggest that GABA-induced drought and heat tolerance in sunflower could involve the improvement in osmolyte metabolism, gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activities and thus a rise in the GABA shunt which in turn provides intermediates during long-term drought and heat stress, thus maintaining homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed S Abdel Razik
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140301, India
| | - Ghalia S H Alnusairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21577, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Zamin M, Fahad S, Khattak AM, Adnan M, Wahid F, Raza A, Wang D, Saud S, Noor M, Bakhat HF, Mubeen M, Hammad HM, Soliman MH, Elkelish AA, Riaz M, Nasim W. Developing the first halophytic turfgrasses for the urban landscape from native Arabian desert grass. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:39702-39716. [PMID: 31440967 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06218-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is occurring and is influencing biological systems through augmented temperatures, more inconstant precipitation, and rising CO2 in the atmosphere. For sustainable landscaping, it was essential to assess the diversity of native/wild grasses and their suitability for turf and to combat the salinity problem in the region. For this purpose, a native halophytic grass, Aeluropus lagopoides, was investigated by conducting mowing tests on its ecotypes during the year 2014-2016 under desert climatic conditions. The research was carried out in two phases, i.e. Phase-I was for collection and establishment of ecotypes from various parts of UAE, while in Phase-II, mowing tests were conducted. During mowing tests, 50 ecotypes of A. lagopoides were given various mowing treatments (i.e. they were cut back at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-cm heights) in field conditions. Significant differences were found among various ecotypes for different agronomic parameters such as ground cover, canopy stiffness, leaf number, clippings fresh and dry weights and internode length. Overall, the grass exhibited better performance at mowing heights of 3 and 4 cm, which are the standard mowing heights for turfgrasses. Ecotypes FA5, RA3, RUDA2, RUDA7 and RUADA1 of A. lagopoides showed the best performance against mowing shock and became the candidates for the turfgrass varieties from the native Arabian flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zamin
- Department of Arid land Agriculture, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Mateen Khattak
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Raza
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Depeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Shah Saud
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Muhammad Noor
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Amr A Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Nasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan.
- CIHEAM-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM), 3191 route de Mende, Montpellier, France.
- CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, National Research Flagship, Towoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
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Salman M, Tariq A, Ijaz A, Naheed S, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Soliman MH, Javed MR. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 Bioactive Compounds and Determination of their Bioprotective Effects on Nutritional Components of Maize ( Zea mays L.). Molecules 2020; 25:E4685. [PMID: 33066377 PMCID: PMC7587371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can synthesize antimicrobial compounds (AMCs) with nutritional and bioprotective properties in crops and food products. In the current study, AMCs of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 were evaluated to control fungal spoilage in maize grains. On maize grains treated with 75%-100% (v/v) concentrated AMCs, no fungal growth was observed even after 72 h of Aspergillus flavus inoculation. Proximate analysis of treatments A1 (raw grains), A2 (A. flavus inoculated grains) and A3 (A. flavus + AMCs inoculated grains) revealed that moisture was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in A2 than A3 and A1. Meanwhile, protein, fat, fiber and ash contents were significantly decreased in A2 compared to A1 and A3. Moreover, β-carotene contents were not statistically different between A1 and A3, while in A2 it was significantly decreased. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 2-oxopropanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, propanedioic acid and butanedioic acid, which also showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and ester-groups along with organic and fatty acids, thereby indicating their participation in inhibitory action. Furthermore, the AMCs were found to be a good alternative to chemical preservatives, thereby not only preserving the nutritive qualities but increasing the shelf life as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwish Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Anam Tariq
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (A.T.)
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Anam Ijaz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Shazia Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Javed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
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Zaheer IE, Ali S, Saleem MH, Imran M, Alnusairi GSH, Alharbi BM, Riaz M, Abbas Z, Rizwan M, Soliman MH. Role of iron-lysine on morpho-physiological traits and combating chromium toxicity in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 155:70-84. [PMID: 32745932 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is among the most widespread toxic trace elements found in agricultural soils resulting from various anthropogenic activities. However, the role of micronutrient-amino acid chelates in reducing Cr toxicity in crop plants has recently been suggested. The present study was conducted to explore the effect of iron (Fe) chelated with lysine (lys) on plant growth, biomass, gaseous exchange attributes, oxidative stress indicators, antioxidant response, and Cr uptake in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater in soil collected from District Kasur of Pakistan. B. napus seedlings (thirty-day-old) were shifted to pots irrigated with different levels of tannery wastewater. After two weeks, foliar application of Fe-lys (5 mM) was carried out for four successive weeks, and plants were harvested carefully post ten weeks of cultivation in tannery wastewater, under controlled conditions. Toxic levels of Cr in the soil significantly decreased plant height, fresh biomass of roots and leaves, dry biomass of roots and leaves, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, total chlorophyll contents, carotenoid contents, transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthesis (PN), and water use efficiency (WUE). Toxic Cr levels in the soil also increased oxidative stress in the roots and leaves of B. napus plants, which were overcome by the activities of various antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Moreover, increasing levels of Cr in the soil caused a significant increase in the Cr content of the roots and shoots of B. napus plants. The negative effects of Cr toxicity could be overturned by Fe-lys application, significantly increasing plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, and gaseous exchange attributes by reducing oxidative stress (H2O2, MDA, EL) and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, foliar application of Fe-lys reduced the Cr concentration and increased essential micronutrients (Fe contents) in the roots and shoots of B. napus plants. These results shed light on the effectiveness of Fe-lys in improving the growth and up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities of B. napus in response to Cr stress. However, further studies at field levels are required to explore the mechanisms of Fe-lys-mediated reduction of the toxicity of not only Cr, but possibly also other heavy metals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ghalia S H Alnusairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zohaib Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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Saleem MH, Ali S, Rehman M, Rana MS, Rizwan M, Kamran M, Imran M, Riaz M, Soliman MH, Elkelish A, Liu L. Influence of phosphorus on copper phytoextraction via modulating cellular organelles in two jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) varieties grown in a copper mining soil of Hubei Province, China. Chemosphere 2020; 248:126032. [PMID: 32018110 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil in mining areas is typically highly contaminated with heavy metals and lack essential nutrients for plants. Phosphorus reduces oxidative stress, improves plant growth, composition, and cellular structure, as well as facilitates the phytoremediation potential of fibrous crop plant species. In this study, we investigated two jute (Corchorus capsularis) varieties HongTieGuXuan and GuBaChangJia cultivated in copper (Cu)-contaminated soil (2221 mg kg-1), under different applications of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1) at both anatomical and physiological levels. At the same Cu concentration, the tolerance index of HongTieGuXuan was higher than that of GuBaChangJia, indicating that HongTieGuXuan may be more tolerant to Cu stress. Although the normal concentration of P (60 kg ha-1) in the soil improved plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, fibre yield and quality, and gaseous exchange attributes. However, high concentration of P (120 kg ha-1) was toxic to both jute varieties affected morphological and physiological attributes of the plants under same level of Cu. Moreover, Cu toxicity increased the oxidative stress in the leaves of both jute varieties was overcome by the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the high concentration of Cu altered the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, plastoglobuli, mitochondria, and many other cellular organelles in both jute varieties. Thus, phytoextraction of Cu by both jute varieties increased with the increase in P application in the Cu-contaminated soil. This suggests that P application enhanced the phytoremediation potential jute plants and can be cultivated as fibrous crop in Cu-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Centre, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Centre, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lijun Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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M. F, S. Abdelgayed S, H. Soliman M, El-Fadhany M, H. Hussein R. POLYPHENOLIC AND FLAVONOIDS CONTENT, HPLC PROFILING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH PANCREATIC HISTOLOGICAL STUDY IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS MODEL. J microb biotech food sci 2020. [DOI: 10.15414/jmbfs.2020.9.4.746-750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are considered a very important source of natural crude materials which are used in pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, many investigators focused their studies for medicinal plants in order to extract components which have effects as antibacterial and antioxidant activities, also, some diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, diarrhea, antitumor and anticancer, etc. Our study focused in the biochemical characterization of Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius to study their antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetes in rats.
Extracts from Portulaca oleracea leaves and Carthamus tinctorius flowers were prepared then their total phenolic and flavonoid content and identification by HPLC technique were analyzed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity using (FRAP and DPPH radical) were determined. Randomly allocated male white Wistar rats into four groups of five each: non-diabetic control; diabetic control; diabetic treated with Carthamus tinctorius extract (200 mg kg-1 BW); diabetic treated with Portulaca oleracea extract daily (250 mg/kg), then pancreatic tissues were collected and routinely processed for histopathological examination.
Results indicate that methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves had the largest total polyphenols and flavonoids content, which were 129.03 mg GAE/g and 22.55 mg QE/g, followed by Carthamus tinctorius flowers methanolic extract, which were 102.44 mg GAE/g and 13.94 mg QE/g, respectively. Identification of total polyphenols and flavonoids were estimated by HPLC. The methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves, had the highest reducing power which was 1.921 at the concentrations of 80 mg/ml. followed by Carthamus tinctorius flowers extract. Also, by using (DPPH+), the highest antioxidants activity was for Portulaca oleracea leaves extract. Microscopic examination of pancreatic tissues from rats treated with Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius revealed their anti-diabetic activity with improved histological tissue changes compared with alloxan induced diabetic group. Moreover, antidiabetic activity of Portulaca oleracea recorded more histological improvement than that of Carthamus tinctorius compared with the control non diabetic group.
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Farid M, Farid S, Zubair M, Rizwan M, Ishaq HK, Ali S, Ashraf U, Alhaithloul HAS, Gowayed S, Soliman MH. Efficacy of Zea mays L. for the management of marble effluent contaminated soil under citric acid amendment; morpho-physiological and biochemical response. Chemosphere 2020; 240:124930. [PMID: 31574440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The adverse industrial activities discharged contaminated wastewater directly into the water bodies that contain toxic substances such as heavy metals. The contours use of marble industrial effluents may affect the fertility of soil and crop growth. The present study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of marble industrial effluents (M.E) on Zea mays L under the exogenous application of citric acid (CA) with different combinations such as marble industrial effluent (0, 30%, 60%, 100%) diluted with distilled water and CA (10 mM). The results showed significant decrease in the growth of Zea mays with increasing concentration of marble industrial effluent. The maximum reduction in plant height, root length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh and dry biomass was observed at the application of 100% M.E as compared to control. Similar to growth conditions the photosynthetic machinery and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidases (POD), Catalases (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) was also decreased with increasing concentration of M.E. The application of CA significantly alleviated the M.E induced toxic effect on Zea mays and ameliorated the growth, biomass, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes activities by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species. The C.A application also enhanced the heavy metal content such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) in different parts of Zea mays. The results concluded that the Zea mays tolerant varieties can be a potential candidate for the M.E irrigated soil and might be suitable for the phyto-extraction of Cr, Cd and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taiwan.
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Salah Gowayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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20
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Alhaithloul HA, Soliman MH, Ameta KL, El-Esawi MA, Elkelish A. Changes in Ecophysiology, Osmolytes, and Secondary Metabolites of the Medicinal Plants of Mentha piperita and Catharanthus roseus Subjected to Drought and Heat Stress. Biomolecules 2019; 10:E43. [PMID: 31892111 PMCID: PMC7023420 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming contributes to higher temperatures and reduces rainfall for most areas worldwide. The concurrent incidence of extreme temperature and water shortage lead to temperature stress damage in plants. Seeking to imitate a more natural field situation and to figure out responses of specific stresses with regard to their combination, we investigated physiological, biochemical, and metabolomic variations following drought and heat stress imposition (alone and combined) and recovery, using Mentha piperita and Catharanthus roseus plants. Plants were exposed to drought and/or heat stress (35 °C) for seven and fourteen days. Plant height and weight (both fresh and dry weight) were significantly decreased by stress, and the effects more pronounced with a combined heat and drought treatment. Drought and/or heat stress triggered the accumulation of osmolytes (proline, sugars, glycine betaine, and sugar alcohols including inositol and mannitol), with maximum accumulation in response to the combined stress. Total phenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents decreased in response to drought and/or heat stress at seven and fourteen days; however, levels of other secondary metabolites, including tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, increased under stress in both plants, with maximal accumulation under the combined heat/drought stress. Extracts from leaves of both species significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungi and bacteria, as well as two human cancer cell lines. Drought and heat stress significantly reduced the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of plants. The increased accumulation of secondary metabolites observed in response to drought and/or heat stress suggests that imposition of abiotic stress may be a strategy for increasing the content of the therapeutic secondary metabolites associated with these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa A. Alhaithloul
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Keshav Lalit Ameta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh 332311, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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21
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Iftikhar A, Ali S, Yasmeen T, Arif MS, Zubair M, Rizwan M, Alhaithloul HAS, Alayafi AAM, Soliman MH. Effect of gibberellic acid on growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system of wheat under zinc oxide nanoparticle stress. Environ Pollut 2019; 254:113109. [PMID: 31487671 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The production and soil accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) from the industrial sector has increased concerns about their toxic effects in plants which needs the research to explore the ways of reducing NPs toxicity in pants. The gibberellic acid (GA) has been found to reduce abiotic stresses in plants. However, the effect of GA in reducing zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs-mediated toxicity in plants remains unclear. In this study, foliar application of GA was used to explore the possible role in reducing ZnO NPs toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. The plants were grown in pots spiked with ZnO NPs (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/kg) and GA (0, 100, 200 mg/L) was foliar sprayed at different times during the growth period under ambient environmental conditions. Our results demonstrated that GA inhibited the toxicity of ZnO NPs in wheat especially at higher levels of NPs. The GA application improved the plant biomass, photosynthesis, nutrients, and yield under ZnO NPs stress. The GA reduced the Zn accumulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in plants caused by toxicity of NPs. The protective effect of GA in decreasing ZnO NPs-induced oxidative stress was related to GA-mediated enhancement in antioxidant enzymes in plants. The role of GA in enhancing tolerance of wheat against ZnO NPs was further confirmed by the enhancement in nutrient contents in shoots and roots of wheat. Overall, our study provides the evidence that GA can reduce ZnO NPs-induced toxicity in wheat and probably in other crops which needs further in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Iftikhar
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Aisha A M Alayafi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Elkeilsh A, Awad YM, Soliman MH, Abu-Elsaoud A, Abdelhamid MT, El-Metwally IM. Exogenous application of β-sitosterol mediated growth and yield improvement in water-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum) involves up-regulated antioxidant system. J Plant Res 2019; 132:881-901. [PMID: 31606785 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Water stress reduces crop production significantly, and climate change has further aggravated the problem mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. This was the first study on the possible effects of β-sitosterol application in ameliorating the deleterious changes in wheat induced by water stress under field condition and drip irrigation regimes. A field experiment with the split-plot design was conducted, and wheat plants were foliar sprayed with four β-sitosterol (BBS) concentrations (0, 25, 75, and 100 mg L-1) and two irrigation regimes [50 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)]. Water stress without BBS treatment reduced biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, and photosynthetic efficiency significantly by 28.9%, 42.8%, 19.6%, and 20.5% compared with the well-watered plants, respectively. Proline content increased in water-stressed and BSS-treated plants, owing to a significant role in cellular osmotic adjustment. Application of BSS was effective in reducing the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hence the malondialdehyde content significantly in water-stressed and well-watered wheat plants. Application of BSS up-regulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, and APX) significantly and increased the content of tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and carotene thereby reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species. The increased antioxidant system in BSS treated plants was further supported by the expression level of SOD and dehydrin genes in both water-stressed and well-watered plants. In the present study, the application of BBS at 100 mg L-1 was beneficial and can be recommended for improving the growth and yield of the wheat crop under water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elkeilsh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Awad
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | | | - Magdi T Abdelhamid
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 Al Behoos Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Metwally
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 Al Behoos Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Arif MS, Yasmeen T, Shahzad SM, Riaz M, Rizwan M, Iqbal S, Asif M, Soliman MH, Ali S. Lead toxicity induced phytotoxic effects on mung bean can be relegated by lead tolerant Bacillus subtilis (PbRB3). Chemosphere 2019; 234:70-80. [PMID: 31203043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Being a primary toxic heavy metal, lead (Pb) contamination presents an imposing environmental and public health concern worldwide. A Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, displaying higher Pb tolerance, was isolated from the textile effluent. The bacterial culture was able to remove >80% of Pb from culture solution. Upon screening in the presence of Pb, PbRB3 strain exhibited significant plant growth promoting potential. A 3 weeks long pot experiment was established to examine the capability of PbRB3 strain for physiological and biochemical traits, and Pb accumulation tendency of mung bean at 250 and 500 mg kg-1 of Pb toxicity, respectively. With respect to control treatments, photosynthetic pigments, protein synthesis, net assimilation rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were significantly constrained by Pb toxicity levels. Intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies were considerably improved in inoculated plants under Pb toxicity. Compared to inoculated control, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity in both Pb toxicity treatments, while higher malondialdehyde contents only at Pb500 treatment was recorded with PbRB3 inoculation. Catalase activity between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments was comparable at both inoculation level. Moreover, PbRB3 inoculation led to significantly higher peroxidase activity under Pb toxicity treatments compared to inoculated control. The PbRB3 inoculation led to comparable differences in root Pb content between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments. These results suggest that inoculation of Pb tolerant, Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, could be employed to improve mung bean growth potential and adaptation against Pb toxicity, and thereby accelerated Pb rhizoaccumulation from metal contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sher Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Centre for Mountain Futures CMF, East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre ICRAF, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, CN, 650201, China
| | - Muntaha Asif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Hasanuzzaman M, Alhaithloul HAS, Parvin K, Bhuyan MHMB, Tanveer M, Mohsin SM, Nahar K, Soliman MH, Mahmud JA, Fujita M. Polyamine Action under Metal/Metalloid Stress: Regulation of Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Molecular Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133215. [PMID: 31261998 PMCID: PMC6651247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are found in all living organisms and serve many vital physiological processes. In plants, PAs are ubiquitous in plant growth, physiology, reproduction, and yield. In the last decades, PAs have been studied widely for exploring their function in conferring abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and metal/metalloid toxicity) tolerance. The role of PAs in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanism and subsequent oxidative stress tolerance in plants is well-evident. However, the enzymatic regulation in PAs biosynthesis and metabolism is still under research and widely variable under various stresses and plant types. Recently, exogenous use of PAs, such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, was found to play a vital role in enhancing stress tolerance traits in plants. Polyamines also interact with other molecules like phytohormones, nitric oxides, trace elements, and other signaling molecules to providing coordinating actions towards stress tolerance. Due to the rapid industrialization metal/metalloid(s) contamination in the soil and subsequent uptake and toxicity in plants causes the most significant yield loss in cultivated plants, which also hamper food security. Finding the ways in enhancing tolerance and remediation mechanism is one of the critical tasks for plant biologists. In this review, we will focus the recent update on the roles of PAs in conferring metal/metalloid(s) tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Khursheda Parvin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Response, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - M H M Borhannuddin Bhuyan
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Response, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Citrus Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jaintapur, Sylhet 3156, Bangladesh
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Stress Physiology Research Group, School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, 7005 Hobart, Australia
| | - Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Response, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Response, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Elkelish AA, Soliman MH, Alhaithloul HA, El-Esawi MA. Selenium protects wheat seedlings against salt stress-mediated oxidative damage by up-regulating antioxidants and osmolytes metabolism. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 137:144-153. [PMID: 30784986 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress hampers the growth of most crop plants and reduces yield considerably. Therefore, experiments were conducted on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants for studying the role of selenium (5 and 10 μM Se) supplementation in strengthening the salinity stress tolerance. Exposure to salinity (100 mM NaCl) reduced growth in terms of length, fresh and dry biomass yield. Se was affective in ameliorating the deleterious effects of NaCl stress to significant levels when supplied at 5 μM concentrations compared to 10 μM. Application of Se at 5 μM concentration did not show significant impacts on the physiological and biochemical parameters studied. Plants supplemented with 5 μM Se exhibited the highest RWC, chlorophyll synthesis, and photosynthesis. Se supplementation reduced the NaCl-mediated oxidative damage by up-regulating the activity of enzymatic components of the antioxidant system and the accumulation of ascorbate and glutathione. Furthermore, 5 μM Se proved beneficial in enhancing proline and sugar accumulation in normal and NaCl-stressed seedlings providing extra osmolarity to maintain RWC and protect photosynthesis. Se also affected proline metabolism by modulating the activities of the γ-glutamyl kinase (γ-GK) and proline oxidase (PROX) leading to its greater synthesis and lesser degradation. Moreover, it was observed that Se declined the Na/K ratio and also improved nitrogen and Ca uptake. Conclusively, Se at low concentration can be beneficial in preventing salinity-mediated damage and further studies are required to unravel underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Soliman MH, Alayafi AAM, El Kelish AA, Abu-Elsaoud AM. Acetylsalicylic acid enhance tolerance of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to chilling stress, improving photosynthesis, antioxidants and expression of cold stress responsive genes. Bot Stud 2018; 59:6. [PMID: 29450670 PMCID: PMC5814394 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-018-0222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High and low temperatures constitute the most damaging type of abiotic stress and limit the survival, and productivity of plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of exogenous applications of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in reducing the deleterious effects of cold stress. Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings were treated with foliar-sprayed ASA at concentrations of 0-3 mM and then subjected to chilling stress at 4 °C for 2 or 4 days. RESULTS Growth, photosynthesis, biochemical alterations, oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the expression of cold-responsive genes (CBF3-COR47), were monitored during the experiment. ASA applications substantially improved several growth and photosynthetic parameters, including shoot biomass, dry weight, and photosynthetic pigments, of P. vulgaris seedlings exposed to different durations of chilling stresses. The ASA foliar spray treatments significantly (p < 0.05) rescued the growth and photosynthetic pigments of P. vulgaris seedlings under different chilling stresses. The total soluble sugars markedly increased during 0-4 days of chilling stress following ASA foliar spraying. The exogenous application of ASA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the accumulation of proline in P. vulgaris seedlings under chilling stress. At the gene expression level, ASA significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated the cold-responsive genes CBF3 and COR47. CONCLUSIONS As a result, we speculate that, the application of exogenous ASA alleviated the adverse effects of chilling stress on all measured parameters, and 1 and 2 mM ASA exhibited the greatest effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H. Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Aisha A. M. Alayafi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr A. El Kelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Soliman MH, El-Mohamedy RSR. Induction of Defense-Related Physiological and Antioxidant Enzyme Response against Powdery Mildew Disease in Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Plant by Using Chitosan and Potassium Salts. Mycobiology 2017; 45:409-420. [PMID: 29371810 PMCID: PMC5780374 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2017.45.4.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Foliar sprays of three plant resistance inducers, including chitosan (CH), potassium sorbate (PS) (C6H7kO2), and potassium bicarbonates (PB) (KHCO3), were used for resistance inducing against Erysiphe cichoracearum DC (powdery mildew) infecting okra plants. Experiments under green house and field conditions showed that, the powdery mildew disease severity was significantly reduced with all tested treatments of CH, PS, and PB in comparison with untreated control. CH at 0.5% and 0.75% (w/v) plus PS at 1.0% and 2.0% and/or PB at 2.0% or 3.0% recorded as the most effective treatments. Moreover, the highest values of vegetative studies and yield were observed with such treatments. CH and potassium salts treatments reflected many compounds of defense singles which leading to the activation power defense system in okra plant. The highest records of reduction in powdery mildew were accompanied with increasing in total phenolic, protein content and increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase in okra plants. Meanwhile, single treatments of CH, PS, and PB at high concentration (0.75%, 2.0%, and/or 3.0%) caused considerable effects. Therefore, application of CH and potassium salts as natural and chemical inducers by foliar methods can be used to control of powdery mildew disease at early stages of growth and led to a maximum fruit yield in okra plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 464 29, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
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Soliman MH, Mohamed GG. Preparation, spectroscopic and thermal characterization of new metal complexes of verlipride drug. In vitro biological activity studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2012; 91:11-17. [PMID: 22361173 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal complexes of the general formula [M(VER)(2)Cl(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·yH(2)O and [Cr(VER)(2)Cl(2)(H(2)O)(2)]Cl·H(2)O (where VER=verlipride, M=Mn(II) (y=2), Co(II) (y=2), Ni(II) (y=2), Cu(II) (y=1) and Zn(II) (y=0)) are prepared and characterized based on elemental analyses, IR, (1)H NMR, magnetic moment, molar conductance, and thermal analyses (TG and DTA) techniques. From the elemental analyses data, the complexes are formed in 1:2 [Metal]:[VER] ratio. The molar conductance data reveal that all the metal chelates are non-electrolytes except Cr(III) complex, it is 1:1 electrolyte. IR spectra show that VER is coordinated to the metal ions in a neutral monodentate manner with O donor site of the carbonyl O atom. On the basis of spectral studies and magnetic moment measurements an octahedral geometry has been assigned for the complexes. The thermal behavior of these chelates is studied using thermogravimetric analysis technique. The results obtained show that the complexes lose hydrated water, HCl and coordinated water molecules followed immediately by decomposition of the ligand molecules in the successive unseparate steps. The VER drug, in comparison to its metal complexes is also screened for its biological activity against Gram positive bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus) in vitro. The activity data show that most of the metal complexes have antibacterial activity like or higher than that of the parent VER drug against one or more species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
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Soliman MH, Rubiales D, Cabrera A. A fertile amphiploid between durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) and the x Agroticum amphiploid (Agropyron cristatum x T. tauschii). Hereditas 2002; 135:183-6. [PMID: 12152332 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2001.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Agropyron (Gaertn) is a genus of Triticeae which includes the crested wheatgrass complex, i.e. A. cristatum (L.) as representative species containing the P genome. This species is an important source for increase the genetic variability of both durum and bread wheat. Among the possible interesting features to be introgressed into wheat are resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus, rust diseases, and tolerance to drought, cold and moderate salinity. By crossing tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum conv durum, 2n = 4x = 28; AABB) with a fertile allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28; DDPP) between diploid wheat (T. tauschii) and crested wheatgrass (A. cristatum L.), amphiploid plants were obtained. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using both genomic DNA from A. cristatum and the repetitive probe pAs1, proved that the plants were true amphiploids with a chromosome number 2n = 8x = 56 and genomic constitution AABBDDPP. Using total genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to study meiotic metaphase I, data on allosyndetic and autosyndetic chromosome pairing were obtained. The amphiploids were perennial like the male parent but their morphology was close to that of the wheat parent. They were resistant to wheat leaf rust and powdery mildew under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC., Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Apdo. 4084, 14080 Córdoba, Spain.
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Soliman MH. Impact of antenatal counselling on couples' knowledge and practice of contraception in Mansoura, Egypt. East Mediterr Health J 1999; 5:1002-13. [PMID: 10983541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of antenatal counselling on couples' knowledge and practice of contraception was investigated. An interview questionnaire was used before and after conducting counselling sessions with 200 pregnant women and 100 spouses. The participants were followed up immediately after delivery and 3 months later. Both the control and study groups displayed a lack of knowledge of contraception. Counselling sessions improved the couples' knowledge and practice in the study group. Involving husbands in family planning counselling sessions led to joint decisions being made and encouraged women's use of contraception. The majority of couples retained most of the information given. Integrating family planning counselling into antenatal care in all facilities and involving the husband are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Community Health Nursing Department, University of Mansoura, Egypt
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Abstract
This study was conducted to determine if different anatomical sites within the peritoneal cavity have different capacities for portal insulin absorption. Diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. They were anesthetized and injected with streptozotocin. Blood glucose was measured before and after insulin (1 U/kg) was applied directly to the omentum, serosal surface of cecum, or parietal peritoneum or injected subcutaneously. In a control group, blood glucose was measured at intervals without administering insulin. In addition, insulin labeled with radioactive iodine (125I) was applied to the same three locations in the peritoneal cavity or injected intravenously. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 5, 15, or 30 mins, and radioactivity was measured in excised livers and in blood samples. Blood glucose in the omental group responded to insulin with a greater hypoglycemic effect than in the peritoneal and control groups. The percentage of radioactivity recovered in liver was significantly higher in the omental than in the serosal and peritoneal groups at 1 and 5 mins. The ratio of liver-to-blood radioactivity was also significantly higher in omental than in serosal and peritoneal groups and higher in the serosal than in the peritoneal group at 5 mins. The data suggest that, in this model, the omentum is a better site for insulin absorption than serosa or parietal peritoneum and that significant portal venous absorption of insulin occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Waxman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668
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Rhee P, Waxman K, Clark L, Tominaga G, Soliman MH. Superoxide dismutase polyethylene glycol improves survival in hemorrhagic shock. Am Surg 1991; 57:747-50. [PMID: 1746787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen free radicals are known to form after reperfusion of ischemic tissue. To test the role and importance of oxygen free radicals in hemorrhagic shock, an animal model of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation was utilized. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with halothane and then subjected to approximately 50 per cent blood volume hemorrhage (30 cc/kg), followed by a 60 min shock period. Resuscitation was performed over 1 hour with lactated ringers (LR) at a volume of two times blood loss (60 cc/kg). This model results in a survival rate of 25 per cent over 72 hrs. Using this model, animals were randomized to receive either LR, Superoxide Dismutase-Polyethylene Glycol (SOD-PEG) (15,000 units/kg) with LR or Catalase-Polyethylene Glycol (CAT-PEG) (175,000 units/kg) with LR. The group treated with SOD-PEG demonstrated significantly increased survival rates vs the group treated with LR (67% vs 25%, P = 0.02). The group treated with CAT-PEG demonstrated no significant improvement in survival when compared to the LR-treated group (20% vs 24%). These data suggest that treatment directed toward oxygen free radicals and reperfusion injury may play an important role in hemorrhagic shock resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rhee
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentoxifylline improves survival in animal models of hemorrhagic shock. The purpose of this study was to determine the physiologic effects of pentoxifylline in hemorrhagic shock that may be responsible for improved survival. METHODS Randomized, prospective, blinded trials in Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to hemorrhage and resuscitation, with or without pentoxifylline. RESULTS Pentoxifylline had no effect on BP or cardiac output. However, tissue oxygenation and oxygen consumption were increased with pentoxifylline resuscitation. Pentoxifylline resuscitation also significantly decreased polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesiveness. CONCLUSIONS Pentoxifylline improves tissue oxygenation and oxygen consumption posthemorrhage and this effect is not due to increased cardiac output. Therefore, it must be due to improved microcirculatory blood flow. This effect may be due to decreased polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesiveness induced by pentoxifylline resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Waxman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange 92668
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Soliman MH, Ragab H, Waxman K. Survival after hypertonic saline resuscitation from hemorrhage. Am Surg 1990; 56:749-51. [PMID: 2268101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There has been recent increased interest in hypertonic saline resuscitation from shock and hemorrhage. This study was performed to evaluate the survival effects of hypertonic saline resuscitation. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats of average weight of 325 grams were anesthetized with halothane. Animals were subjected to blood loss of 21 ml/kg over 5 minutes. Intravenous infusion was started 10 minutes after hemorrhage with either lactated Ringer's injection (42 ml/kg) or three per cent NaCl (10.64 ml/kg) chosen randomly. These doses provided equal amounts of sodium. At the end of fluid infusion, blood samples were obtained for electrolyte determination. Rats were observed 3 days for survival. Survival was significantly lower in the three per cent NaCl group compared with the lactated Ringer's group. It is probable that worsened outcome with three per cent NaCl was associated with intracellular dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668
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Abstract
Pentoxifylline is an agent which improves microcirculatory blood flow, but its use as therapy for shock has not been reported. We performed this study to determine if pentoxifylline improves survival following experimental hemorrhagic shock. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were studied; the animals were subjected to hemorrhage and then resuscitated using lactated Ringer's solution, with either placebo or pentoxifylline added by random selecting. Animals were then observed for 3 days. There was significantly increased survival in pentoxifylline-treated animals (p less than .05). In additional experiments, animals received more aggressive fluid resuscitation; improved survival in the pentoxifylline group was noted almost immediately and persisted through the 72-h period. This was significant at the p less than .01 level. We conclude that pentoxifylline improves survival from hemorrhagic shock in this experimental model, and has additive survival value to fluid resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Coccia
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668
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Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PF) has been shown to increase tissue oxygen tension. This study was performed to determine if PF has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa against alcohol (EtOH)-induced injury. Fasted Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with randomized test solution (control, normal saline, or PF, 75 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (ip). At 30 min, 100% EtOH (pH 8.5) was given intragastric. At 90 min, laparotomy was performed and gastric serosal stomach surface oxygen tensions (pO2) were measured. Stomachs were excised and opened and pH was measured. Photographs were taken and sections were obtained for histologic analysis to determine mucosal injury. The PF-pretreated rats had significantly higher serosal pO2 and significantly lower intragastric pH than control animals. There was significantly less gross and histologic mucosal injury in PF-treated animals. We conclude that PF is protective against EtOH gastric mucosal injury. This effect correlates with increased gastric serosal pO2 and is likely due to improved microcirculatory blood flow following PF administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tominaga
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668
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Waxman K, Holness R, Tominaga G, Oslund S, Pinderski L, Soliman MH. Pentoxifylline improves tissue oxygenation after hemorrhagic shock. Surgery 1987; 102:358-61. [PMID: 3616921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This randomized and blinded study was performed to determine whether pentoxifylline significantly improves tissue oxygenation after hemorrhagic shock. Hepatic surface oxygen tension was measured in anesthetized rats before and after hemorrhage. Rats were then randomly assigned to either a placebo group (n = 21) receiving 1 ml of intravenous saline solution or to a treatment group (n = 23) receiving intravenous 25 mg/kg of pentoxifylline in 1 ml of saline solution. Investigators were blinded as to which solution was injected. Five minutes after injection of pentoxifylline, there was significant increase in hepatic surface oxygen tension; this increase persisted throughout 1 hour of observation and was significantly greater than in placebo-treated animals. Further study of the effects of pentoxifylline on tissue perfusion and oxygenation after hemorrhagic shock is warranted.
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Abstract
The experimental suitability of the flour beetles of the genus Tribolium has attracted ecologists, nutritionists, radiation biologists and geneticists for decades. I have, recently, evaluated their importance to gerontologists. This paper deals with age-related changes and parental age effects which were not included in a previous review. I have, first, discussed the known aspects of age-related changes in morphological, physiological, biochemical, behavioural and pathological parameters as well as on radiation-sensitivity and susceptibility to insecticides. Pre-adult biochemical and physiological changes have also been included, because of the important inter-relationship between growth and ageing. This is followed by an evaluation of parental age effects on physiological and genetic characteristics and of proposed areas for possible research.
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Abstract
We wanted to evaluate whether current screening techniques effectively determine a patient's need for hospital admission and intensive care monitoring after blunt chest trauma. Consequently, we reviewed 104 consecutive admissions for "blunt chest trauma; rule out cardiac contusion." Neither clinical findings, cardiac enzyme levels, chest x-rays, nor ECGs predicted the high-risk patients who would subsequently develop complications related to myocardial contusion. Since only 23% of the study patients developed such complications, the plurality of study patients did not require admission and monitoring. There is, therefore, a definite need to develop new, accurate screening tests for patients at risk for myocardial contusion complications.
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Abstract
Pentoxifylline has been shown to increase red blood cell malleability, thus increasing capillary blood flow in a number of disease states. The present study was undertaken to determine whether pentoxifylline might improve tissue oxygenation after anesthesia and during an operation in rats. Rats were anesthetized and divided randomly into pentoxifylline (injected with pentoxifylline) and control (injected with normal saline) groups. Thirty minutes later, midline laparotomy was performed, and surface oxygen tensions and surface temperatures were measured on stomach, liver, cecum, urinary bladder, and anterior abdominal wall. Simultaneously, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and core temperature were measured. PaO2 was then measured. In the pentoxifylline-treated rats, tissue oxygen tensions were significantly higher than in saline-treated rats. Statistically, there was no significant difference in MAP during these measurements, no difference in either core or organ surface temperatures, and no significant difference in PaO2.
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Soliman MH. Effect of ebony and yellow mutants of Drosophila melanogaster on adult survival and alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Gerontology 1987; 33:57-63. [PMID: 3111942 DOI: 10.1159/000212854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of ebony, yellow, ebony-yellow double mutant and their wild type was studied on two types of media. All genotypes showed greater survival in the presence of 10% ethanol (E) than on the control agar medium (C), with wild type showing greatest and the double mutant ebony-yellow least response. This increase in survival on E was negatively dependent on that on C. The relationship between alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity and survival appeared to be negative on E. On C it was either slightly positive for males or constant for females. The degree of survival increase standardized in relation to survival on C [(E-C)/C] was more dependent on the level of ADH activity for the males (r = -0.98; p greater than 0.05) than for the females (r = -0.38; NS). In the complex interaction between morphogenes, ADH activity and survival, morphogenes increased the ADH activity and decreased survival on E.
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Abstract
Cardiac contusion following blunt chest trauma remains a diagnostic problem because of a lack of sensitive diagnostic tests. This study evaluated thallous chloride Tl 201 single-photon-emission computed tomography in a series of 48 patients following blunt chest trauma. Of the 48 patients, 23 had normal scans. None of these patients proved to have serious arrhythmias during three days of continuous monitoring. Of 25 patients with abnormal or ambiguous studies, five (20%) developed serious arrhythmias requiring therapy. Single-photon-emission computed tomography scanning thus was sensitive in indicating that group of patients at risk of serious arrhythmias, and may therefore prove to be a useful screening test to determine the need for hospitalization and arrhythmia monitoring following blunt chest trauma.
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Soliman MH, Knight ML. Olfactory responses to alcohols by adults of sympatric populations of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. Behav Genet 1984; 14:295-313. [PMID: 6435598 DOI: 10.1007/bf01065548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Soliman MH, Agar NS, Malik RC. Effects of genotype and maternal alcohol consumption on some biochemical parameters of red blood cells in the progeny of mice. Biochem Genet 1983; 21:627-37. [PMID: 6870782 DOI: 10.1007/bf00484451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Effects of genotype and ethanol consumption by pregnant mothers on hemoglobin (Hb) and red-cell levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), and glutathione (GSH) of their progeny were studied in mice. Three lines of mice were used, one selected for high body weight, another selected for low body weight, and an unselected control. An ethanol solution [10% (v/v)] was given ad lib to the females at the time of joining them with males and continued through the pregnancy. Another group received distilled water for drinking throughout. Blood samples from the progeny of both these groups were taken at 10 weeks of age and analyzed for Hb, ATP, DPG, and GSH levels. Alcohol drinking during pregnancy resulted in lower levels of DPG in the red blood cells of progeny of the lines selected for high and low body weight and the reverse in the unselected line. Maternal alcohol consumption had no effect on Hb, APT, and GSH levels in the red blood cells of the progeny of any of the three lines. Females of both selected lines had higher levels of DPG than males. Artificial selection for body weight resulted in a positively correlated response in the level of red-cell DPG and GSH in the progeny.
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Soliman MH. Directional and stabilizing selection for developmental time and correlated response in reproductive fitness in Tribolium castaneum. Theor Appl Genet 1982; 63:111-116. [PMID: 24270756 DOI: 10.1007/bf00303689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/1982] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Directional and stabilizing selection for developmental time (DT) were done for seven generations in replicated lines of Tribolium castaneum. There were no significant differences between sexes or among replicates in means or coefficients of variation. For directional selection, there were significant responses in both directions, measured as deviation from control, viz. -0.35±0.15 day per generation for Fast (F) and 0.73±0.15 day for Slow (S). The unselected control (C) and the stabilizing selection (I) lines were similar, with average response per generation not significantly different from zero. - Phenotypic variation, from the first generation, was larger in the S line than in the other three lines. The I line showed a significant decrease in phenotypic variation, due mainly to a decrease in genetic variance. The realized heritability was 0.219±0.045 for F and 0.324±0.036 for S, the difference being highly significant. - Correlated response in reproductive fitness (number of pupae produced) was significant only for S (rp=-0.88 and r'G realized'=-0.79). Regression of the correlated response on DT in this line was-19.28±4.77 pupae per day (phenotypic) and -28.77±10.06 pupae per day (genetic).
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Genetics Research Laboratories, Department of Animal Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Soliman MH, Lints FA. Influence of preimaginal constant and alternating temperatures on growth rate and longevity of adults of five genotypes in Tribolium castaneum. Mech Ageing Dev 1982; 18:19-31. [PMID: 7062786 DOI: 10.1016/0047-6374(82)90026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The longevity of adults of five genotypes of Tribolium castaneum differing in their body weights was measured at a single constant temperature, 35 degrees C, after they had developed at three constant temperatures, 25, 30 or 35 degrees C, and one alternating temperature 25/35 degrees C (mean = 30 degree C). Two genotypes had been naturally selected for heavy and light body weights, two had been artificially selected for extreme pupal weights and one was the pygmy mutant. The main results are as follows. (1) There is a negative correlation between growth rate and imaginal longevity for four of the five genotypes, when the variations in growth rate are due to the influence of constant developmental temperatures. (2) The genotype has a marked effect on mean longevity and on the slope of the regression of longevity on growth rate. (3) Growth rate is larger and longevity is longer when the larvae are raised at alternating 25/35 degrees C than when they are raised at a constant 30 degrees C. These results seem to confirm the developmental theory of ageing.
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Soliman MH. Ploidy and strain differences in seed germination of Glycine wightii at different pH levels. Theor Appl Genet 1980; 56:175-182. [PMID: 24305796 DOI: 10.1007/bf00286680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/1979] [Accepted: 06/19/1979] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Seeds from 27 wild strains (18 tetraploids and 9 diploids) of Glycine weightii were germinated at a pH range of 5 to 8. The differences in germination (%) between all the strains were highly significant but between pH levels they were only nearly significant (P=0.067) with no interaction between pH levels and strains. Mean germination (%) for all tetraploids seems to be slightly higher (≃ 2%) than that for all diploids, especially at pH's 5, 7 and 8 but this may be due to the significantly longer time (≃ one day) it took tetraploids to complete germination. The apparent inverse relationship between seed weight and germination (%) was not significant.Mean germination time was highly significant for strains, pH's and their interaction. Increasing mean germination (%) resulted in decreasing mean germination time among strains. Large seeds took less time to germinate especially those from some of the tetraploid strains. This indicates that it is possible to produce a variety with high germination (%), fast germination rate and possibly large seeds. If the marked difference in pH tolerance among strains will prove to be mainly hereditary, then it will be also possible to select for either specific pH tolerance or tolerance at a wide range of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Soliman
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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