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Radanovic I, Klarenbeek N, Rissmann R, Groeneveld GJ, van Brummelen EMJ, Moerland M, Bosch JJ. Integration of healthy volunteers in early phase clinical trials with immuno-oncological compounds. Front Oncol 2022; 12:954806. [PMID: 36106110 PMCID: PMC9465458 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.954806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Traditionally, early phase clinical trials in oncology have been performed in patients based on safety risk-benefit assessment. Therapeutic transition to immuno-oncology may open new opportunities for studies in healthy volunteers, which are conducted faster and are less susceptible to confounders. Aim of this study was to investigate to what extent this approach is utilized and whether pharmacodynamic endpoints are evaluated in these early phase trials. We conducted a comprehensive review of clinical trials with healthy volunteers using immunotherapies potentially relevant for oncology. Methods Literature searches according to PRISMA guidelines and after registration in PROSPERO were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases with the cut-off date 20 October 2020, using search terms of relevant targets in immuno-oncology. Articles describing clinical trials with immunotherapeutics in healthy volunteers with a mechanism relevant for oncology were included. “Immunotherapeutic” was defined as compounds exhibiting effects through immunological targets. Data including study design and endpoints were extracted, with specific attention to pharmacodynamic endpoints and safety. Results In total, we found 38 relevant immunotherapeutic compounds tested in HVs, with 86% of studies investigating safety, 82% investigating the pharmacokinetics (PK) and 57% including at least one pharmacodynamic (PD) endpoint. Most of the observed adverse events (AEs) were Grade 1 and 2, consisting mostly of gastrointestinal, cutaneous and flu-like symptoms. Severe AEs were leukopenia, asthenia, syncope, headache, flu-like reaction and liver enzymes increase. PD endpoints investigated comprised of cytokines, immune and inflammatory biomarkers, cell counts, phenotyping circulating immune cells and ex vivo challenge assays. Discussion Healthy volunteer studies with immuno-oncology compounds have been performed, although not to a large extent. The integration of healthy volunteers in well-designed proof-of-mechanism oriented drug development programs has advantages and could be pursued more in the future, since integrative clinical trial protocols may facilitate early dose selection and prevent cancer patients to be exposed to non-therapeutic dosing regimens. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=210861, identifier CRD42020210861
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Radanovic
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J. Bosch
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jacobus J. Bosch,
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152
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Zahid KR, Raza U, Tumbath S, Jiang L, Xu W, Huang X. Neutrophils: Musketeers against immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:975981. [PMID: 36091114 PMCID: PMC9453237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most copious leukocytes in human blood, play a critical role in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and immune suppression. Recently, neutrophils have attracted the attention of researchers, immunologists, and oncologists because of their potential role in orchestrating immune evasion in human diseases including cancer, which has led to a hot debate redefining the contribution of neutrophils in tumor progression and immunity. To make this debate fruitful, this review seeks to provide a recent update about the contribution of neutrophils in immune suppression and tumor progression. Here, we first described the molecular pathways through which neutrophils aid in cancer progression and orchestrate immune suppression/evasion. Later, we summarized the underlying molecular mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated therapy resistance and highlighted various approaches through which neutrophil antagonism may heighten the efficacy of the immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Finally, we have highlighted several unsolved questions and hope that answering these questions will provide a new avenue toward immunotherapy revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Tumbath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiumei Huang,
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153
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Ullman NA, Burchard PR, Dunne RF, Linehan DC. Immunologic Strategies in Pancreatic Cancer: Making Cold Tumors Hot. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:2789-2805. [PMID: 35839445 PMCID: PMC9390820 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence and persistent dismal 5-year overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) highlight the need for new effective systemic therapies. Immunotherapy has shown significant benefits in solid organ tumors, but has thus far been disappointing in the treatment of PDAC. There have been several promising preclinical studies, but translation into the clinic has proved to be challenging. This is likely a result of PDAC's complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that acts to insulate the tumor against an effective cytotoxic immune response. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of immunosuppression within the PDAC tumor microenvironment and provide an up-to-date review of completed and ongoing clinical trials using various immunotherapy strategies.
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154
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Costa A, Thirant C, Kramdi A, Pierre-Eugène C, Louis-Brennetot C, Blanchard O, Surdez D, Gruel N, Lapouble E, Pierron G, Sitbon D, Brisse H, Gauthier A, Fréneaux P, Bohec M, Raynal V, Baulande S, Leclere R, Champenois G, Nicolas A, Meseure D, Bellini A, Marabelle A, Geoerger B, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Schleiermacher G, Menger L, Delattre O, Janoueix-Lerosey I. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals shared immunosuppressive landscapes of mouse and human neuroblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004807. [PMID: 36054452 PMCID: PMC9362821 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer with still a dismal prognosis, despite multimodal and intensive therapies. Tumor microenvironment represents a key component of the tumor ecosystem the complexity of which has to be accurately understood to define selective targeting opportunities, including immune-based therapies. METHODS We combined various approaches including single-cell transcriptomics to dissect the tumor microenvironment of both a transgenic mouse neuroblastoma model and a cohort of 10 biopsies from neuroblastoma patients, either at diagnosis or at relapse. Features of related cells were validated by multicolor flow cytometry and functional assays. RESULTS We show that the immune microenvironment of MYCN-driven mouse neuroblastoma is characterized by a low content of T cells, several phenotypes of macrophages and a population of cells expressing signatures of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that are molecularly distinct from the various macrophage subsets. We document two cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) subsets, one of which corresponding to CAF-S1, known to have immunosuppressive functions. Our data unravel a complex content in myeloid cells in patient tumors and further document a striking correspondence of the microenvironment populations between both mouse and human tumors. We show that mouse intratumor T cells exhibit increased expression of inhibitory receptors at the protein level. Consistently, T cells from patients are characterized by features of exhaustion, expressing inhibitory receptors and showing low expression of effector cytokines. We further functionally demonstrate that MDSCs isolated from mouse neuroblastoma have immunosuppressive properties, impairing the proliferation of T lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that neuroblastoma tumors have an immunocompromised microenvironment characterized by dysfunctional T cells and accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. Our work provides a new and precious data resource to better understand the neuroblastoma ecosystem and suggest novel therapeutic strategies, targeting both tumor cells and components of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Costa
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Thirant
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Amira Kramdi
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Pierre-Eugène
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Louis-Brennetot
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Orphée Blanchard
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Surdez
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Nadege Gruel
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eve Lapouble
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Pierron
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Deborah Sitbon
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Brisse
- Department of Imaging, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Paul Fréneaux
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mylène Bohec
- Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Raynal
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Leclere
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Andre Nicolas
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Meseure
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Angela Bellini
- SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Laboratory Recherche Translationnelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique (RTOP), Laboratoire "Gilles Thomas", Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Aurelien Marabelle
- Inserm U1015 & CIC1428, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Inserm U1015, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
- Inserm U830, Equipe labelisée LNCC, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Laboratory Recherche Translationnelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique (RTOP), Laboratoire "Gilles Thomas", Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laurie Menger
- Inserm U932, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Janoueix-Lerosey
- Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France .,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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155
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The Hepatic Pre-Metastatic Niche. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153731. [PMID: 35954395 PMCID: PMC9367402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The pre-metastatic niche is a recently established concept that could lead to targeted therapies that prevent metastasis before ever occurring. Considering that 90% of cancer mortality results from metastasis, the PMN is thus a salient opportunity for intervention. The purpose of the current review is to cover what is known specifically about the hepatic pre-metastatic niche, a topic that has garnered increasing research focus within the last decade. We discuss the methods of communication between primary tumors and the liver, the involved cell populations, the key changes within liver tissue, and perspectives on the future of the field. Abstract Primary tumors can communicate with the liver to establish a microenvironment that favors metastatic colonization prior to dissemination, forming what is termed the “pre-metastatic niche” (PMN). Through diverse signaling mechanisms, distant malignancies can both influence hepatic cells directly as well as recruit immune cells into the PMN. The result is a set of changes within the hepatic tissue that increase susceptibility of tumor cell invasion and outgrowth upon dissemination. Thus, the PMN offers a novel step in the traditional metastatic cascade that could offer opportunities for clinical intervention. The involved signaling molecules also offer promise as biomarkers. Ultimately, while the existence of the hepatic PMN is well-established, continued research effort and use of innovative models are required to reach a functional knowledge of PMN mechanisms that can be further targeted.
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156
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hMRP8-ATTAC Mice: A New Model for Conditional and Reversible Neutrophil Ablation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152346. [PMID: 35954190 PMCID: PMC9367557 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are not only crucial immune cells for the neutralization of pathogens during infections, but they are also key players in tissue repair and cancer. Several methods are available to investigate the in vivo role of neutrophils in these conditions, including the depletion of neutrophils with neutralizing antibodies against Ly6G, or the blockade of neutrophil recruitment with CXCR2 inhibitors. A limited number of transgenic mouse models were generated that rely on the disruption of genes important for neutrophil development or on the injection of diphtheria toxin to induce neutrophil ablation. However, these methods have various limitations, including a lack of neutrophil specificity, a lack of long-term efficacy, or a lack of the ability to conditionally deplete neutrophils. Therefore, we generated a transgenic mouse model for the inducible and reversible ablation of neutrophils using the ATTAC (Apoptosis Through Targeted Activation of Caspase 8) approach. With the ATTAC strategy, which relies on the expression of the caspase 8-FKBP fusion protein, apoptosis is induced upon administration of a chemical dimerizer (FK506 analogue) that facilitates the dimerization and activation of caspase 8. In order to achieve specific neutrophil depletion, we cloned the ATTAC construct under the human migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8 (hMRP8) promotor. The newly generated hMRP8-ATTAC mice expressed high levels of the transgene in neutrophils, and, as a consequence, dimerizer injection induced an efficient reduction of neutrophil levels in all the organs analyzed under homeostatic conditions. In situations with extensive pressure on the bone marrow to mobilize neutrophils, for instance in the context of cancer, effective neutrophil depletion in this model requires further optimization. In conclusion, we here describe the generation and characterization of a new transgenic model for conditional neutrophil ablation and highlight the need to improve the ATTAC strategy for the depletion of large numbers of rapidly generated short-lived cells, such as neutrophils.
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157
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Pennel KAF, Quinn JA, Nixon C, Inthagard J, van Wyk HC, Chang D, Rebus S, Hay J, Maka NN, Roxburgh CSD, Horgan PG, McMillan DC, Park JH, Roseweir AK, Steele CW, Edwards J. CXCL8 expression is associated with advanced stage, right sidedness, and distinct histological features of colorectal cancer. J Pathol Clin Res 2022; 8:509-520. [PMID: 35879507 PMCID: PMC9535100 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CXCL8 is an inflammatory chemokine elevated in the colorectal cancer (CRC) tumour microenvironment. CXCR2, the major receptor for CXCL8, is predominantly expressed by neutrophils. In the cancer setting, CXCL8 plays important roles in neutrophil chemotaxis, facilitating angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. This study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of CXCL8 mRNA expression in CRC specimens, explore associations with clinical characteristics, and investigate the underlying biology of aberrant CXCL8 levels. CXCR2 expression was also assessed in a second cohort of unique CRC primary tumours and synchronously resected matched liver metastases. A previously constructed tissue microarray consisting of a cohort of stage I-IV CRC patients undergoing surgical resection with curative intent (n = 438) was probed for CXCL8 via RNAscope®. Analysis was performed using HALO® digital pathology software to quantify expression in the tumour and stromal compartments. Scores were assessed for association with clinical characteristics. Mutational analyses were performed on a subset of these patients to determine genomic differences in patients with high CXCL8 expression. A second cohort of stage IV CRC patients with primary and matched metastatic liver tumours was stained via immunohistochemistry for CXCR2, and scores were assessed for clinical significance. CXCL8 expression within the stromal compartment was associated with reduced cancer-specific survival in the first cohort (p = 0.035), and this relationship was potentiated in right-sided colon cancer cases (p = 0.009). High CXCL8 within the stroma was associated with driving a more stromal-rich phenotype and the presence of metastases. When stromal CXCL8 scores were combined with tumour-infiltrating macrophage counts or systemic neutrophil counts, patients classified as high for both markers had significantly poorer prognosis. CXCR2+ immune cell infiltration was associated with increased stromal invasion in liver metastases (p = 0.037). These data indicate a role for CXCL8 in driving unfavourable tumour histological features and promoting metastases. This study suggests that inhibiting CXCL8/CXCR2 should be investigated in patients with right-sided colonic disease and stroma-rich tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn AF Pennel
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Jean A Quinn
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | - Jitwadee Inthagard
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Hester C van Wyk
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK,Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - Selma Rebus
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - GPOL Group
- Glasgow Precision Oncology Laboratory, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Jennifer Hay
- Glasgow Tissue Research FacilityQueen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK
| | - Noori N Maka
- Department of PathologyQueen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK
| | - Campbell SD Roxburgh
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK,Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - Paul G Horgan
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK,Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - James H Park
- Department of SurgeryQueen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK
| | | | - Colin W Steele
- CRUK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK,Department of SurgeryUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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158
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Mugarza E, van Maldegem F, Boumelha J, Moore C, Rana S, Llorian Sopena M, East P, Ambler R, Anastasiou P, Romero-Clavijo P, Valand K, Cole M, Molina-Arcas M, Downward J. Therapeutic KRAS G12C inhibition drives effective interferon-mediated antitumor immunity in immunogenic lung cancers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm8780. [PMID: 35857848 PMCID: PMC9299537 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm8780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently developed KRASG12C inhibitory drugs are beneficial to lung cancer patients harboring KRASG12C mutations, but drug resistance frequently develops. Because of the immunosuppressive nature of the signaling network controlled by oncogenic KRAS, these drugs can indirectly affect antitumor immunity, providing a rationale for their combination with immune checkpoint blockade. In this study, we have characterized how KRASG12C inhibition reverses immunosuppression driven by oncogenic KRAS in a number of preclinical lung cancer models with varying levels of immunogenicity. Mechanistically, KRASG12C inhibition up-regulates interferon signaling via Myc inhibition, leading to reduced tumor infiltration by immunosuppressive cells, enhanced infiltration and activation of cytotoxic T cells, and increased antigen presentation. However, the combination of KRASG12C inhibitors with immune checkpoint blockade only provides synergistic benefit in the most immunogenic tumor model. KRASG12C inhibition fails to sensitize cold tumors to immunotherapy, with implications for the design of clinical trials combining KRASG12C inhibitors with anti-PD1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Mugarza
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Febe van Maldegem
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jesse Boumelha
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Christopher Moore
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sareena Rana
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Miriam Llorian Sopena
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Philip East
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Rachel Ambler
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Panayiotis Anastasiou
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Pablo Romero-Clavijo
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karishma Valand
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Megan Cole
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Miriam Molina-Arcas
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Julian Downward
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Lung Cancer Group, Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
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159
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Duhen T, Gough MJ, Leidner RS, Stanton SE. Development and therapeutic manipulation of the head and neck cancer tumor environment to improve clinical outcomes. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:902160. [PMID: 35937775 PMCID: PMC9354490 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.902160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical response to cancer therapies involves the complex interplay between the systemic, tumoral, and stromal immune response as well as the direct impact of treatments on cancer cells. Each individual's immunological and cancer histories are different, and their carcinogen exposures may differ. This means that even though two patients with oral tumors may carry an identical mutation in TP53, they are likely to have different pre-existing immune responses to their tumors. These differences may arise due to their distinct accessory mutations, genetic backgrounds, and may relate to clinical factors including previous chemotherapy exposure and concurrent medical comorbidities. In isolation, their cancer cells may respond similarly to cancer therapy, but due to their baseline variability in pre-existing immune responses, patients can have different responses to identical therapies. In this review we discuss how the immune environment of tumors develops, the critical immune cell populations in advanced cancers, and how immune interventions can manipulate the immune environment of patients with pre-malignancies or advanced cancers to improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J. Gough
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, United States
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160
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Ohara Y, Valenzuela P, Hussain SP. The interactive role of inflammatory mediators and metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:556-569. [PMID: 35525794 PMCID: PMC9233125 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its highly reactive inflammatory desmoplastic stroma with evidence of an extensive tumor stromal interaction largely mediated by inflammatory factors. KRAS mutation and inflammatory signaling promote protumorigenic events, including metabolic reprogramming with several inter-regulatory crosstalks to fulfill the high demand of energy and regulate oxidative stress for tumor growth and progression. Notably, the more aggressive molecular subtype of PDAC enhances influx of glycolytic intermediates. This review focuses on the interactive role of inflammatory signaling and metabolic reprogramming with emerging evidence of crosstalk, which supports the development, progression, and therapeutic resistance of PDAC. Understanding the emerging crosstalk between inflammation and metabolic adaptations may identify potential targets and develop novel therapeutic approaches for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ohara
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paloma Valenzuela
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - S Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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161
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Co-dependencies in the tumor immune microenvironment. Oncogene 2022; 41:3821-3829. [PMID: 35817840 PMCID: PMC9893036 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Activated oncogenes and disrupted tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) not only endow aspiring cancer cells with new biological capabilities but also influence the composition and function of host cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These non-cancer host cells can in turn provide cancer cells with growth support and protection from the anti-tumor immune response. In this ecosystem, geospatially heterogenous "subTME" adds to the complexity of the "global" TME which bestows tumors with increased tumorigenic ability and resistance to therapy. This review highlights how specific genetic alterations in cancer cells establish various symbiotic co-dependencies with surrounding host cells and details the cooperative role of the host cells in tumor biology. These essential interactions expand the repertoire of targets for the development of precision cancer treatments.
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162
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Emran TB, Shahriar A, Mahmud AR, Rahman T, Abir MH, Siddiquee MFR, Ahmed H, Rahman N, Nainu F, Wahyudin E, Mitra S, Dhama K, Habiballah MM, Haque S, Islam A, Hassan MM. Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms, Immunoprevention and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Oncol 2022; 12:891652. [PMID: 35814435 PMCID: PMC9262248 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.891652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several treatments are available for cancer treatment, but many treatment methods are ineffective against multidrug-resistant cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle to effective therapeutic interventions against cancer. This review describes the known MDR mechanisms in cancer cells and discusses ongoing laboratory approaches and novel therapeutic strategies that aim to inhibit, circumvent, or reverse MDR development in various cancer types. In this review, we discuss both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, in addition to highlighting hypoxia- and autophagy-mediated drug resistance mechanisms. Several factors, including individual genetic differences, such as mutations, altered epigenetics, enhanced drug efflux, cell death inhibition, and various other molecular and cellular mechanisms, are responsible for the development of resistance against anticancer agents. Drug resistance can also depend on cellular autophagic and hypoxic status. The expression of drug-resistant genes and the regulatory mechanisms that determine drug resistance are also discussed. Methods to circumvent MDR, including immunoprevention, the use of microparticles and nanomedicine might result in better strategies for fighting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Shahriar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, United States
| | - Aar Rafi Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tanjilur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedy Hasan Abir
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hossain Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nova Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Elly Wahyudin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mahmoud M Habiballah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan
- Queensland Alliance for One Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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163
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Gao LJ, Li JL, Yang RR, He ZM, Yan M, Cao X, Cao JM. Biological Characterization and Clinical Value of OAS Gene Family in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:884334. [PMID: 35719943 PMCID: PMC9205247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.884334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background OAS gene family plays an important role in antiviral process, but its role in pancreatic cancer has not yet been studied. Methods We analyzed the expression, prognostic value and biological function of the OAS gene family in human pancreatic cancer through comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and cellular level validation. Results OAS family was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and this high expression significantly affected the clinical stage and prognosis of the tumor. OAS gene family was closely related to the immune infiltration of pancreatic cancer, especially neutrophils and dendritic cells, and many immune-related factors and pathways are enriched in the tumor, such as type I interferon signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion Taken together, high expression of OAS family is closely related to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. OAS gene family may serve as the biomarker and even therapeutic target of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jia-Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui-Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhong-Mei He
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Min Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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164
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Gumberger P, Bjornsson B, Sandström P, Bojmar L, Zambirinis CP. The Liver Pre-Metastatic Niche in Pancreatic Cancer: A Potential Opportunity for Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3028. [PMID: 35740692 PMCID: PMC9221452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14123028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related mortality is primarily a consequence of metastatic dissemination and associated complications. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies and tends to metastasize early, especially in the liver. Emerging evidence suggests that organs that develop metastases exhibit microscopic changes that favor metastatic growth, collectively known as "pre-metastatic niches". By definition, a pre-metastatic niche is chronologically established before overt metastatic outgrowth, and its generation involves the release of tumor-derived secreted factors that modulate cells intrinsic to the recipient organ, as well as recruitment of additional cells from tertiary sites, such as bone marrow-all orchestrated by the primary tumor. The pre-metastatic niche is characterized by tumor-promoting inflammation with tumor-supportive and immune-suppressive features, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, angiogenic modulation and metabolic alterations that support growth of disseminated tumor cells. In this paper, we review the current state of knowledge of the hepatic pre-metastatic niche in PDAC and attempt to create a framework to guide future diagnostic and therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gumberger
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Bergthor Bjornsson
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Linda Bojmar
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
- Children’s Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
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165
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Qian Y, Zhai E, Chen S, Liu Y, Ma Y, Chen J, Liu J, Qin C, Cao Q, Chen J, Cai S. Single-cell RNA-seq dissecting heterogeneity of tumor cells and comprehensive dynamics in tumor microenvironment during lymph nodes metastasis in gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1367-1381. [PMID: 35716132 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is the common metastasis route of gastric cancer. However, until now, heterogeneities of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in primary tumors (PT) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of gastric cancer (GC) remains uncharacterized. In this study, scRNA-seq was performed on tissues from PT and MLN of gastric cancer. Trajectory analysis and function enrichment analyses were conducted to decode the underlying mechanisms contributing to LN metastasis of gastric cancer. Heterogeneous composition of immune cells and distant intercellular interactions in PT and MLN were analyzed. Based on the generated single cell transcriptome profiles, dynamics of gene expressions in cancer cells between PT and MLN were characterized. Moreover, we reconstructed the developmental trajectory of GC cells' metastasis to LN and identified two sub-types of GC cells with distinct potentials of having malignant biological behaviors. We characterized the repression of neutrophil polarization associated genes, like LCN2, which would contribute to LN metastasis, and histochemistry experiments validated our findings. Additionally, heterogeneity in neutrophils, rather than macrophages, was characterized. Immune checkpoint associated interaction of SPP1 was found active in MLN. In conclusion, we decode the dynamics of tumor cells during LN metastasis in GC and to identify a sub-type of GC cells with potentials of LN metastasis. Our data indicated that the disordering the neutrophils polarization and maturation and the activation of immune checkpoint SPP1 might contribute to LN metastasis in GC, providing a novel insight on the mechanism and potential therapeutic targets of LN metastasis in GC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qian
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ertao Zhai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sile Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junting Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Qin Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shirong Cai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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166
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Fan T, Kuang G, Long R, Han Y, Wang J. The overall process of metastasis: From initiation to a new tumor. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188750. [PMID: 35728735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis-a process that involves the migration of cells from the primary site to distant organs-is the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Improved technology and in-depth research on tumors have furthered our understanding of the various mechanisms involved in tumor metastasis. Metastasis is initiated by cancer cells of a specific phenotype, which migrate with the assistance of extracellular components and metastatic traits conferred via epigenetic regulation while modifying their behavior in response to the complex and dynamic human internal environment. In this review, we have summarized the general steps involved in tumor metastasis and their characteristics, incorporating recent studies and topical issues, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, neutrophil extracellular traps, pre-metastatic niche, extracellular vesicles, and dormancy. Several feasible treatment directions have also been summarized. In addition, the correlation between cancer metastasis and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and circadian rhythm, has been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Fan
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guicheng Kuang
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Runmin Long
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunwei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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167
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Deyhle MR, Callaway CS, Neyroud D, D’Lugos AC, Judge SM, Judge AR. Depleting Ly6G Positive Myeloid Cells Reduces Pancreatic Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Cells 2022; 11:1893. [PMID: 35741022 PMCID: PMC9221479 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells can mount desirable anti-cancer immunity. However, some immune cells can support cancer disease progression. The presence of cancer can lead to production of immature myeloid cells from the bone marrow known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic effects of MDSCs are well understood. Whether MDSCs are involved in promoting cancer cachexia is not well understood. We orthotopically injected the pancreas of mice with KPC cells or PBS. One group of tumor-bearing mice was treated with an anti-Ly6G antibody that depletes granulocytic MDSCs and neutrophils; the other received a control antibody. Anti-Ly6G treatment delayed body mass loss, reduced tibialis anterior (TA) muscle wasting, abolished TA muscle fiber atrophy, reduced diaphragm muscle fiber atrophy of type IIb and IIx fibers, and reduced atrophic gene expression in the TA muscles. Anti-ly6G treatment resulted in greater than 50% Ly6G+ cell depletion efficiency in the tumors and TA muscles. These data show that, in the orthotopic KPC model, anti-Ly6G treatment reduces the number of Ly6G+ cells in the tumor and skeletal muscle and reduces skeletal muscle atrophy. These data implicate Ly6G+ cells, including granulocytic MDSCs and neutrophils, as possible contributors to the development of pancreatic cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Deyhle
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Chandler S. Callaway
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
| | - Daria Neyroud
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Centre, Building Synathlon, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew C. D’Lugos
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
| | - Sarah M. Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
| | - Andrew R. Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.R.D.); (C.S.C.); (D.N.); (A.C.D.); (S.M.J.)
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168
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Quail DF, Amulic B, Aziz M, Barnes BJ, Eruslanov E, Fridlender ZG, Goodridge HS, Granot Z, Hidalgo A, Huttenlocher A, Kaplan MJ, Malanchi I, Merghoub T, Meylan E, Mittal V, Pittet MJ, Rubio-Ponce A, Udalova IA, van den Berg TK, Wagner DD, Wang P, Zychlinsky A, de Visser KE, Egeblad M, Kubes P. Neutrophil phenotypes and functions in cancer: A consensus statement. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220011. [PMID: 35522219 PMCID: PMC9086501 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first responders to infection and inflammation and are thus a critical component of innate immune defense. Understanding the behavior of neutrophils as they act within various inflammatory contexts has provided insights into their role in sterile and infectious diseases; however, the field of neutrophils in cancer is comparatively young. Here, we summarize key concepts and current knowledge gaps related to the diverse roles of neutrophils throughout cancer progression. We discuss sources of neutrophil heterogeneity in cancer and provide recommendations on nomenclature for neutrophil states that are distinct in maturation and activation. We address discrepancies in the literature that highlight a need for technical standards that ought to be considered between laboratories. Finally, we review emerging questions in neutrophil biology and innate immunity in cancer. Overall, we emphasize that neutrophils are a more diverse population than previously appreciated and that their role in cancer may present novel unexplored opportunities to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F. Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Borko Amulic
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Evgeniy Eruslanov
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zvi G. Fridlender
- Hadassah Medical Center, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Helen S. Goodridge
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Research Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ilaria Malanchi
- Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mikael J. Pittet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Rubio-Ponce
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irina A. Udalova
- University of Oxford, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo K. van den Berg
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denisa D. Wagner
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Arturo Zychlinsky
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin E. de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
| | - Paul Kubes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Hu H, Xiang Y, Li T, Yu QY, Gu LX, Liao XH, Zhang TC. Induction of M‑MDSCs with IL6/GM‑CSF from adherence monocytes and inhibition by WP1066. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:487. [PMID: 35761803 PMCID: PMC9214597 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood monocytes acquire the phenotype of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) by induction of cytokine or co-culture with cancer cells and are widely used to model MDSCs for in vitro studies. However, the simplest method of plastic adhesive sorting is poorly described as the purity of monocyte resulting from this method is the lowest compared with flow cytometry cell-sorting and magnetic beads sorting. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of the plastic adhesive monocyte isolation techniques on the resulting MDSCs phenotype. Monocytes were allowed to adhere for 1 h and cultured with IL6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF) for 7 days. Plastic adhesion sorting resulted in early low monocyte yield and purity, but high purity of MDSCs was obtained by refreshing the induction medium. The resulting MDSCs were the major subpopulation of CD33+CD11b+CD14+CD15-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-/low cells and provided the potent capacity to suppress T cell proliferation and cytokine IFN-γ production. Moreover, the induced MDSCs were inhibited by STAT3 inhibitor WP1066, resulting in downregulation of phosphorylated-STAT3 and PD-L1 expression and upregulation of apoptosis respectively. In conclusion, the present study described the generation of monocytic MDSCs from adherence monocytes and the inhibition of STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 on the induced MDSCs. The present study contributed to the development of a new clinical drug, WP1066 targeting MDSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ying Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xing Gu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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170
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McAndrews KM, Chen Y, Darpolor JK, Zheng X, Yang S, Carstens JL, Li B, Wang H, Miyake T, de Sampaio PC, Kirtley ML, Natale M, Wu CC, Sugimoto H, LeBleu VS, Kalluri R. Identification of Functional Heterogeneity of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts with Distinct IL6-Mediated Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1580-1597. [PMID: 35348629 PMCID: PMC9399904 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) involves a significant accumulation of fibroblasts as part of the host response to cancer. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, multiplex immunostaining, and several genetic mouse models, we identify carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) with opposing functions in PDAC progression. Depletion of fibroblast activation protein (FAP)+ CAFs results in increased survival, in contrast to depletion of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA)+ CAFs, which leads to decreased survival. Tumor-promoting FAP+ CAFs (TP-CAF) and tumor-restraining αSMA+ CAFs (TR-CAF) differentially regulate cancer-associated pathways and accumulation of regulatory T cells. Improved efficacy of gemcitabine is observed when IL6 is deleted from αSMA+ CAFs but not from FAP+ CAFs using dual-recombinase genetic PDAC models. Improved gemcitabine efficacy due to lack of IL6 synergizes with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy to significantly improve survival of PDAC mice. Our study identifies functional heterogeneity of CAFs in PDAC progression and their different roles in therapy response. SIGNIFICANCE PDAC is associated with accumulation of dense stroma consisting of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix that regulate tumor progression. Here, we identify two distinct populations of fibroblasts with opposing roles in the progression and immune landscape of PDAC. Our findings demonstrate that fibroblasts are functionally diverse with therapeutic implications. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1397.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J. Kebbeh Darpolor
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sujuan Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julienne L. Carstens
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bingrui Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Toru Miyake
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedro Correa de Sampaio
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle L. Kirtley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariangela Natale
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chia-Chin Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Valerie S. LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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171
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Ren Z, Chen Y, Shi L, Shao F, Sun Y, Ge J, Zhang J, Zang Y. Sox9/CXCL5 axis facilitates tumour cell growth and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. FEBS J 2022; 289:3535-3549. [PMID: 35038357 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High rates of metastasis and postsurgical recurrence contribute to the higher mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), partly due to cancer stem cell (CSC)-dependent tumorigenesis and metastasis. Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (Sox9) has been previously characterized as a candidate CSC marker of HCC. Here, we observed that the increase of Sox9 significantly promoted HCC cell growth and invasion in cell cultures, whereas knockdown of Sox9 showed the opposite effects, suggesting that Sox9 may regulate the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells in an autocrine manner. RNA sequencing, together with functional assays and clinical analyses, identified CXCL5 as a key mediator downstream of Sox9 in HCC cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that Sox9 induced CXCL5 expression by directly binding to a promoter region. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrated that the intrinsic effective role of Sox9 in hepatoma cell growth and invasion depended on CXCL5, and that blockade of CXCL5/CXCR2 signalling abolished Sox9-triggered HCC cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the Sox9/CXCL5 axis activated PI3K-AKT and ERK1/2 signalling which are implicated in regulating HCC cell proliferation and invasion. Finally, the Sox9/CXCL5 axis contributed to the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in both tumour and peritumoral tissues from the orthotopic xenograft model. In summary, our data identify the Sox9/CXCL5 axis as an endogenous factor in controlling HCC cell growth and invasion, thereby raising the possibility of pharmacologic intervention with CXCL5/CXCR2 pathway inhibitors in therapy for HCC patients with higher Sox9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Fang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Jia Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
| | - Yuhui Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, China
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172
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Jiang T, Wei F, Xie K. Clinical significance of pancreatic ductal metaplasia. J Pathol 2022; 257:125-139. [PMID: 35170758 DOI: 10.1002/path.5883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal metaplasia (PDM) is the stepwise replacement of differentiated somatic cells with ductal or ductal-like cells in the pancreas. PDM is usually triggered by cellular and environmental insults. PDM development may involve all cell lineages of the pancreas, and acinar cells with the highest plasticity are the major source of PDM. Pancreatic progenitor cells are also involved as cells of origin or transitional intermediates. PDM is heterogeneous at the histological, cellular, and molecular levels and only certain subsets of PDM develop further into pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and then pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The formation and evolution of PDM is regulated at the cellular and molecular levels through a complex network of signaling pathways. The key molecular mechanisms that drive PDM formation and its progression into PanIN/PDAC remain unclear, but represent key targets for reversing or inhibiting PDM. Alternatively, PDM could be a source of pancreas regeneration, including both exocrine and endocrine components. Cellular aging and apoptosis are obstacles to PDM-to-PanIN progression or pancreas regeneration. Functional identification of the cellular and molecular events driving senescence and apoptosis in PDM and its progression would help not only to restrict the development of PDM into PanIN/PDAC, but may also facilitate pancreatic regeneration. This review systematically assesses recent advances in the understanding of PDM physiology and pathology, with a focus on its implications for enhancing regeneration and prevention of cancer. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jiang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Pathology, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fang Wei
- Institute of Digestive Diseases Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Pathology, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
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173
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Jiang SH, Liu D, Hu LP, Zhang S, Yu Y, Sun YW, Ji J, Zhang ZG. Modeling of cancer-related body-wide effects identifies LTB4 as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer. EBioMedicine 2022; 80:104050. [PMID: 35561453 PMCID: PMC9108888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer elicits a complex adaptive response in an organism. Limited information is available for the body-wide effects induced by cancer. Here, we evaluated multiorgan changes in mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its precursor lesions (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PanIN) to decipher changes that occur during PDAC development. METHODS RNA-sequencing was employed in the brain, colon, stomach, kidney, heart, liver, and lung tissues of mice with PanIN and PDAC. A combination of differential expression analysis and functional-category enrichment was applied for an in-depth understanding of the multiorgan transcriptome. Differentially expressed genes were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in multiple organs was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels in mouse and human serum samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FINDINGS Transcriptional changes within diverse organs during PanIN and PDAC stages were identified. Using Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, increased neutrophil infiltration was discovered as a central and prominent affected feature, which occurred in the liver, lung, and stomach at the PanIN stage. The brain appeared to be well protected from the sequels of PanIN or PDAC. Importantly, serum LTB4 was able to discriminate PDAC from normal controls, chronic pancreatitis, and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with high performance. INTERPRETATION Our study provides a high-resolution cartographic view of the dynamic multiorgan transcriptomic landscape of mice with PDAC and its precursor lesions. Our findings suggest that LTB4 could serve as a biomarker for the early detection of PDAC. FUNDING The complete list of funders can be found in the Acknowledgement section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, PR China
| | - Li-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Shenyang Engineering Technology R&D Center of Cell Therapy CO.LTD, Shenyang 110169, PR China
| | - Yong-Wei Sun
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, PR China.
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Sweden.
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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174
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Zhou X, Yan Y, Xu M. Immune cell responses in pancreatic cancer and their clinical application. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211044381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal diseases around the world, for hardly detection and poor prognosis. Recent years, functions of the tumor microenvironment and immune cells attract people’s view and there is emerging evidence implicating some immune cells hold the key points in the metabolism, invasion, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we highlight some main immune cells, such as Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and macrophages (TAMs), Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and Regulatory T cells (Tregs). Furthermore, we review current clinical applications and discuss potential values in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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175
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Nayak D, Weadick B, Persaud AK, Raj R, Shakya R, Li J, Campbell MJ, Govindarajan R. EMT alterations in the solute carrier landscape uncover SLC22A10/A15 imposed vulnerabilities in pancreatic cancer. iScience 2022; 25:104193. [PMID: 35479410 PMCID: PMC9036131 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of membrane-bound solute carriers (SLCs) in neoplastic transdifferentiation processes is poorly defined. Here, we examined changes in the SLC landscape during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells. We show that two SLCs from the organic anion/cation transporter family, SLC22A10 and SLC22A15, favor EMT via interferon (IFN) α and γ signaling activation of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) expression. In addition, SLC22A10 and SLC22A15 allow tumor cell accumulation of glutathione to support EMT via the IFNα/γ-ROR1 axis. Moreover, a pan-SLC22A inhibitor lesinurad reduces EMT-induced metastasis and gemcitabine chemoresistance to prolong survival in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, thus identifying new vulnerabilities for human PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Nayak
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brenna Weadick
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Avinash K. Persaud
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Radhika Raj
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Junan Li
- The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Moray J. Campbell
- Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Program, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Translational Therapeutics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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176
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Immunosuppressive cells in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:61. [PMID: 35585567 PMCID: PMC9118588 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies like the adoptive transfer of gene-engineered T cells and immune checkpoint inhibitors are novel therapeutic modalities for advanced cancers. However, some patients are refractory or resistant to these therapies, and the mechanisms underlying tumor immune resistance have not been fully elucidated. Immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressive cells, tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-associated neutrophils, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and tumor-associated dendritic cells are critical factors correlated with immune resistance. In addition, cytokines and factors secreted by tumor cells or these immunosuppressive cells also mediate the tumor progression and immune escape of cancers. Thus, targeting these immunosuppressive cells and the related signals is the promising therapy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies and reverse the immune resistance. However, even with certain success in preclinical studies or in some specific types of cancer, large perspectives are unknown for these immunosuppressive cells, and the related therapies have undesirable outcomes for clinical patients. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the phenotype, function, and potential therapeutic targets of these immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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177
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Ren J, Lan T, Liu T, Liu Y, Shao B, Men K, Ma Y, Liang X, Wei YQ, Luo M, Wei XW. CXCL13 as a Novel Immune Checkpoint for Regulatory B Cells and Its Role in Tumor Metastasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2425-2435. [PMID: 35437281 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in patients with cancer. Several chemokines are identified as important mediators of tumor growth and/or metastasis. The level of CXCL13 has been reported to be elevated in serum or tumor tissues in patients, which mainly functions to attract B cells and follicular B helper T cells. However, the role of CXCL13 in cancer growth and metastasis is not fully explored. In the current study, we found that CXCL13 is not a strong mediator to directly promote tumor growth; however, the mice deficient in CXCL13 had far fewer pulmonary metastatic foci than did the wild-type mice in experimental pulmonary metastatic models. In addition, Cxcl13 -/- mice also had fewer IL-10-producing B cells (CD45+CD19+IL-10+) in the metastatic tumor immune microenvironment than those of wild-type C57BL/6 mice, resulting in an enhanced antitumor immunity. Notably, CXCL13 deficiency further improved the efficacy of a traditional chemotherapeutic drug (cyclophosphamide), as well as that of anti-programmed death receptor-1 immunotherapy. These results suggested that CXCL13 has an important role in regulating IL-10-producing B cells in tumor metastasis and might be a promising target for improving therapeutic efficiency and stimulating tumor immunity in future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnosis, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and.,Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnosis, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Shao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Men
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnosis, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnosis, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Meng P, Huang J, Ling X, Zhou S, Wei J, Zhu M, Miao J, Shen W, Li J, Ye H, Niu H, Zhang Y, Zhou L. CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Accelerates Tubular Cell Senescence and Renal Fibrosis via β-Catenin-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862675. [PMID: 35592244 PMCID: PMC9110966 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common feature of various chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, its underlying mechanism has not been totally clarified. C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) family plays a role in renal fibrosis, however, detailed mechanisms have not been elucidated. Here, we report that CXCR2 has a potential role in tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis, and is associated with β-catenin-activated mitochondrial dysfunction. CXCR2 is one of most increased members among CXCR family in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. CXCR2 was expressed primarily in tubules and co-localized with p16INK4A, a cellular senescence marker, and β-catenin. Administration of SB225002, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, significantly inhibited the activation of β-catenin signaling, restored mitochondrial function, protected against tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. In unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) mice, treatment with interlukin-8 (IL-8), the ligand of CXCR2, further aggravated β-catenin activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis, whereas knockdown of p16INK4A inhibited IL-8-induced these effects. In vitro, SB225002 inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and tubular cell senescence. Furthermore, ICG-001, a β-catenin signaling blocker, significantly retarded CXCR2-induced cellular senescence and fibrotic changes. These results suggest that CXCR2 promotes tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis through inducing β-catenin-activated mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Meng
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Huadu District People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiewu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ling
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Wei
- Special Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, China
| | - Jinhua Miao
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiemei Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyun Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Niu
- Special Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Zhou, ; Yunfang Zhang, ; Hongxin Niu,
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Zhou, ; Yunfang Zhang, ; Hongxin Niu,
| | - Lili Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Zhou, ; Yunfang Zhang, ; Hongxin Niu,
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179
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Leslie J, Mackey JBG, Jamieson T, Ramon-Gil E, Drake TM, Fercoq F, Clark W, Gilroy K, Hedley A, Nixon C, Luli S, Laszczewska M, Pinyol R, Esteban-Fabró R, Willoughby CE, Haber PK, Andreu-Oller C, Rahbari M, Fan C, Pfister D, Raman S, Wilson N, Müller M, Collins A, Geh D, Fuller A, McDonald D, Hulme G, Filby A, Cortes-Lavaud X, Mohamed NE, Ford CA, Raffo Iraolagoitia XL, McFarlane AJ, McCain MV, Ridgway RA, Roberts EW, Barry ST, Graham GJ, Heikenwälder M, Reeves HL, Llovet JM, Carlin LM, Bird TG, Sansom OJ, Mann DA. CXCR2 inhibition enables NASH-HCC immunotherapy. Gut 2022; 71:gutjnl-2021-326259. [PMID: 35477863 PMCID: PMC9484388 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasingly associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). HCC immunotherapy offers great promise; however, recent data suggests NASH-HCC may be less sensitive to conventional immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). We hypothesised that targeting neutrophils using a CXCR2 small molecule inhibitor may sensitise NASH-HCC to ICI therapy. DESIGN Neutrophil infiltration was characterised in human HCC and mouse models of HCC. Late-stage intervention with anti-PD1 and/or a CXCR2 inhibitor was performed in murine models of NASH-HCC. The tumour immune microenvironment was characterised by imaging mass cytometry, RNA-seq and flow cytometry. RESULTS Neutrophils expressing CXCR2, a receptor crucial to neutrophil recruitment in acute-injury, are highly represented in human NASH-HCC. In models of NASH-HCC lacking response to ICI, the combination of a CXCR2 antagonist with anti-PD1 suppressed tumour burden and extended survival. Combination therapy increased intratumoural XCR1+ dendritic cell activation and CD8+ T cell numbers which are associated with anti-tumoural immunity, this was confirmed by loss of therapeutic effect on genetic impairment of myeloid cell recruitment, neutralisation of the XCR1-ligand XCL1 or depletion of CD8+ T cells. Therapeutic benefit was accompanied by an unexpected increase in tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) which switched from a protumour to anti-tumour progenitor-like neutrophil phenotype. Reprogrammed TANs were found in direct contact with CD8+ T cells in clusters that were enriched for the cytotoxic anti-tumoural protease granzyme B. Neutrophil reprogramming was not observed in the circulation indicative of the combination therapy selectively influencing TANs. CONCLUSION CXCR2-inhibition induces reprogramming of the tumour immune microenvironment that promotes ICI in NASH-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Erik Ramon-Gil
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas M Drake
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Preclinical In Vivo Imaging Facility, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maja Laszczewska
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Esteban-Fabró
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine E Willoughby
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philipp K Haber
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carmen Andreu-Oller
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad Rahbari
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chaofan Fan
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pfister
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shreya Raman
- Department of Pathology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Niall Wilson
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Amy Collins
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Fuller
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David McDonald
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gillian Hulme
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Innovation, Methodology and Innovation (IMA) theme, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Misti V McCain
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helen L Reeves
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Thomas G Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind Ltd, William Leech Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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180
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Alqahtani A. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Discovery and Development of Anticancer and Antidiabetic Therapeutic Agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6201067. [PMID: 35509623 PMCID: PMC9060979 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6201067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spectacular developments in molecular and cellular biology have led to important discoveries in cancer research. Despite cancer is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally, diabetes is one of the most leading sources of group of disorders. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been considered the fourth industrial revolution machine. The most major hurdles in drug discovery and development are the time and expenditures required to sustain the drug research pipeline. Large amounts of data can be explored and generated by AI, which can then be converted into useful knowledge. Because of this, the world's largest drug companies have already begun to use AI in their drug development research. In the present era, AI has a huge amount of potential for the rapid discovery and development of new anticancer drugs. Clinical studies, electronic medical records, high-resolution medical imaging, and genomic assessments are just a few of the tools that could aid drug development. Large data sets are available to researchers in the pharmaceutical and medical fields, which can be analyzed by advanced AI systems. This review looked at how computational biology and AI technologies may be utilized in cancer precision drug development by combining knowledge of cancer medicines, drug resistance, and structural biology. This review also highlighted a realistic assessment of the potential for AI in understanding and managing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31541, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
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181
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Ghallab AM, Eissa RA, El Tayebi HM. CXCR2 Small-Molecule Antagonist Combats Chemoresistance and Enhances Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:862125. [PMID: 35517812 PMCID: PMC9065340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.862125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer as the absence of cell surface receptors renders it more difficult to be therapeutically targeted. Chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) has been suggested not only to promote therapy resistance and suppress immunotherapy but it also to possess a positive cross-talk with the multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Here, we showed that CXCR2 and TGF-β signaling were both upregulated in human TNBC biopsies. CXCR2 inhibition abrogated doxorubicin-mediated TGF-β upregulation in 3D in vitro TNBC coculture with PBMCs and eliminated drug resistance in TNBC mammospheres, suggesting a vital role for CXCR2 in TNBC doxorubicin-resistance via TGF-β signaling regulation. Moreover, CXCR2 inhibition improved the efficacy of the immunotherapeutic drug “atezolizumab” where the combined inhibition of CXCR2 and PDL1 in TNBC in vitro coculture showed an additive effect in cytotoxicity. Altogether, the current study suggests CXCR2 inhibitors as a promising approach to improve TNBC treatment if used in combination with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Ghallab
- The Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda A. Eissa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- The Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Hend M. El Tayebi,
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182
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Stott MC, Oldfield L, Hale J, Costello E, Halloran CM. Recent advances in understanding pancreatic cancer. Fac Rev 2022; 11:9. [PMID: 35509672 PMCID: PMC9022729 DOI: 10.12703/r/11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an intractable cancer and a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Over 90% of patients die within 1 year of diagnosis. Deaths from PDAC are increasing and it remains a cancer of substantial unmet need. A number of factors contribute to its poor prognosis: namely, late presentation, early metastases and limited systemic therapy options because of chemoresistance. A variety of research approaches underway are aimed at improving patient survival. Here, we review high-risk groups and efforts for early detection. We examine recent developments in the understanding of complex molecular and metabolic alterations which accompany PDAC. We explore artificial intelligence and biological targets for therapy and examine the role of tumour stroma and the immune microenvironment. We also review recent developments with respect to the PDAC microbiome. It is hoped that current research efforts will translate into earlier diagnosis, improvements in treatment and better outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn C Stott
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lucy Oldfield
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jessica Hale
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eithne Costello
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher M Halloran
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Liverpool, UK
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183
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Abstract
Nonresolving inflammation contributes to many diseases, including COVID-19 in its fatal and long forms. Our understanding of inflammation is rapidly evolving. Like the immune system of which it is a part, inflammation can now be seen as an interactive component of a homeostatic network with the endocrine and nervous systems. This review samples emerging insights regarding inflammatory memory, inflammatory aging, inflammatory cell death, inflammatory DNA, inflammation-regulating cells and metabolites, approaches to resolving or modulating inflammation, and inflammatory inequity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Nathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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184
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Gudd CLC, Possamai LA. The Role of Myeloid Cells in Hepatotoxicity Related to Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1913. [PMID: 35454819 PMCID: PMC9027811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-related hepatotoxicity is an emerging clinical challenge with the widening use of immunotherapeutic agents in the field of oncology. This is an important complication to consider as more immune oncological targets are being identified to show promising results in clinical trials. The application of these therapeutics may be complicated by the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), a serious limitation often requiring high-dose immunosuppression and discontinuation of cancer therapy. Hepatoxicity presents one of the most frequently encountered irAEs and a better understanding of the underlying mechanism is crucial for the development of alternative therapeutic interventions. As a novel drug side effect, the immunopathogenesis of the condition is not completely understood. In the liver, myeloid cells play a central role in the maintenance of homeostasis and promotion of inflammation. Recent research has identified myeloid cells to be associated with hepatic adverse events of various immune modulatory monoclonal antibodies. In this review article, we provide an overview of the role of myeloid cells in the immune pathogenesis during hepatoxicity related to cancer immunotherapies and highlight potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin L. C. Gudd
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
| | - Lucia A. Possamai
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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185
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Singh AK, Malviya R. Coagulation and inflammation in cancer: Limitations and prospects for treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188727. [PMID: 35378243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of so-called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which target specific molecular processes of tumour growth, has had a transformative effect on cancer treatment. Widespread use of antibody-based medicines to inhibit tumour cell immune evasion by modulating T cell responses is becoming more common. Despite this, response rates are still low, and secondary resistance is an issue that arises often. In addition, a wide range of serious adverse effects is triggered by enhancing the immunological response. As a result of an increased mortality rate, a higher prevalence of thrombotic complications is connected with an increased incidence of immunological reactions, complement activation, and skin toxicity. This suggests that the tumour microenvironment's interaction between coagulation and inflammation is important at every stage of the tumour's life cycle. The coagulation system's function in tumour formation is the topic of this review. By better understanding the molecular mechanisms in which tumour cells circulate, plasmatic coagulation and immune system cells are engaged, new therapy options for cancer sufferers may be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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186
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Geh D, Leslie J, Rumney R, Reeves HL, Bird TG, Mann DA. Neutrophils as potential therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:257-273. [PMID: 35022608 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The success of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab treatment contributed to a shift in systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) towards combinations that include cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Thus far, the principal focus of cancer immunotherapy has been on interrupting immune checkpoints that suppress antitumour lymphocytes. As well as lymphocytes, the HCC environment includes numerous other immune cell types, among which neutrophils are emerging as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of HCC. A growing body of evidence supports neutrophils as key mediators of the immunosuppressive environment in which some cancers develop, as well as drivers of tumour progression. If neutrophils have a similar role in HCC, approaches that target or manipulate neutrophils might have therapeutic benefits, potentially including sensitization of tumours to conventional immunotherapy. Several neutrophil-directed therapies for patients with HCC (and other cancers) are now entering clinical trials. This Review outlines the evidence in support of neutrophils as drivers of HCC and details their mechanistic roles in development, progression and metastasis, highlighting the reasons that neutrophils are well worth investigating despite the challenges associated with studying them. Neutrophil-modulating anticancer therapies entering clinical trials are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rob Rumney
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen L Reeves
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Liver Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas G Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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187
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Hosein AN, Dangol G, Okumura T, Roszik J, Rajapakshe K, Siemann M, Zaid M, Ghosh B, Monberg M, Guerrero PA, Singhi A, Haymaker CL, Clevers H, Abou-Elkacem L, Woermann SM, Maitra A. Loss of Rnf43 Accelerates Kras-Mediated Neoplasia and Remodels the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1303-1318.e18. [PMID: 34973294 PMCID: PMC8934289 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS RNF43 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is recurrently mutated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and precursor cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. The impact of RNF43 mutations on PDAC is poorly understood and autochthonous models have not been characterized sufficiently. In this study, we describe a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of PDAC with conditional expression of oncogenic Kras and deletion of the catalytic domain of Rnf43 in exocrine cells. METHODS We generated Ptf1a-Cre;LSL-KrasG12D;Rnf43flox/flox (KRC) and Ptf1a-Cre; LSL-KrasG12D (KC) mice and animal survival was assessed. KRC mice were sacrificed at 2 months, 4 months, and at moribund status followed by analysis of pancreata by single-cell RNA sequencing. Comparative analyses between moribund KRC and a moribund Kras/Tp53-driven PDAC GEMM (KPC) was performed. Cell lines were isolated from KRC and KC tumors and interrogated by cytokine array analyses, ATAC sequencing, and in vitro drug assays. KRC GEMMs were also treated with an anti-CTLA4 neutralizing antibody with treatment response measured by magnetic response imaging. RESULTS We demonstrate that KRC mice display a marked increase in incidence of high-grade cystic lesions of the pancreas and PDAC compared with KC. Importantly, KRC mice have a significantly decreased survival compared with KC mice. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that KRC tumor progression is accompanied by a decrease in macrophages, as well as an increase in T and B lymphocytes, with evidence of increased immune checkpoint molecule expression and affinity maturation, respectively. This was in stark contrast to the tumor immune microenvironment observed in the KPC PDAC GEMM. Furthermore, expression of the chemokine CXCL5 was found to be specifically decreased in KRC cancer cells by means of epigenetic regulation and emerged as a putative candidate for mediating the unique KRC immune landscape. CONCLUSIONS The KRC GEMM establishes RNF43 as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene in PDAC. This GEMM features a markedly different immune microenvironment compared with previously reported PDAC GEMMs and puts forth a rationale for an immunotherapy approach in this subset of PDAC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser Hosein
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Advocate Aurora Health, Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic - Sheboygan, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gita Dangol
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Takashi Okumura
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason Roszik
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megan Siemann
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamed Zaid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bidyut Ghosh
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria Monberg
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paola A. Guerrero
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aatur Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cara L Haymaker
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Princess Maxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lotfi Abou-Elkacem
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sonja M. Woermann
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Ahmad Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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188
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Billen M, Schols D, Verwilst P. Targeting chemokine receptors from the inside-out: discovery and development of small-molecule intracellular antagonists. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4132-4148. [PMID: 35274633 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the first biologically active chemokines were discovered in the late 1980s, these messenger proteins and their receptors have been the target for a plethora of drug discovery efforts in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in academia. Owing to the publication of several chemokine receptor X-ray crystal structures, a highly druggable, intracellular, allosteric binding site which partially overlaps with the G protein binding site was discovered. This intriguing, new approach for chemokine receptor antagonism has captured researchers around the world, pushing the exploration of this intracellular binding site and new antagonists thereof. In this review, we have highlighted the past two decades of research on small-molecule chemokine receptor antagonists that modulate receptor function at the intracellular binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Billen
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Herestraat 49 - Box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Virology and Chemotherapy, Herestraat 49 - Box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Verwilst
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Herestraat 49 - Box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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189
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Zhang P, Guan H, Yuan S, Cheng H, Zheng J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Yu Y, Meng Z, Zheng X, Zhao L. Targeting myeloid derived suppressor cells reverts immune suppression and sensitizes BRAF-mutant papillary thyroid cancer to MAPK inhibitors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1588. [PMID: 35332119 PMCID: PMC8948260 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MAPK signaling inhibitor (MAPKi) therapies show limited efficacy for advanced thyroid cancers despite constitutive activation of the signaling correlates with disease recurrence and persistence. Understanding how BRAF pathway stimulates tumorigenesis could lead to new therapeutic targets. Here, through genetic and pathological approaches, we demonstrate that BRAFV600E promotes thyroid cancer development by increasing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) penetrance. This BRAFV600E-induced immune suppression involves re-activation of the developmental factor TBX3, which in turn up-regulates CXCR2 ligands in a TLR2-NFκB dependent manner, leading to MDSCs recruitment into the tumor microenvironment. CXCR2 inhibition or MDSCs repression improves MAPKi therapy effect. Clinically, high TBX3 expression correlates with BRAFV600E mutation and increased CXCR2 ligands, along with abundant MDSCs infiltration. Thus, our study uncovers a BRAFV600E-TBX3-CXCLs-MDSCs axis that guides patient stratification and could be targeted to improve the efficacy of MAPKi therapy in advanced thyroid cancer patients. BRAF-V600E mutation is common in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and has been associated with an aggressive phenotype. Here the authors show that the mutation supports cancer progression by reactivating the developmental factor TBX3 and promoting the recruitment of myeloid derived suppressive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peitao Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shukai Yuan
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huili Cheng
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhao
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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190
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Molecular Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061523. [PMID: 35326675 PMCID: PMC8946263 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a biologically aggressive malignancy showing a remarkable resistance to existing therapies and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leaving only about 15-20% of patients with an option for surgical resection [...].
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191
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Lecot P, Ardin M, Dussurgey S, Alcazer V, Moudombi L, Pereira Abrantes M, Hubert M, Swalduz A, Hernandez‐Vargas H, Viari A, Caux C, Michallet M. Gene signature of circulating platelet‐bound neutrophils is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:138-152. [PMID: 35253899 PMCID: PMC9311065 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Beyond their critical role in hemostasis, platelets physically interact with neutrophils to form neutrophil‐platelet aggregates (NPAs), enhancing neutrophil effector functions during inflammation. NPAs may also promote disease worsening in various inflammatory diseases. However, characterization of NPAs in cancer remains totally unexplored. Using ImageStreamX (ISX) imaging flow cytometer, we were not only allowed able to detect CD15+ CD14− CD36+ ITGA2B+ NPAs in both healthy donors' (HDs) and cancer patients' bloods, but we also showed that NPAs result from the binding of platelets preferentially to low‐density neutrophils (LDNs) as opposed to normal‐density neutrophils (NDNs). By reanalyzing two independent public scRNAseq data of whole blood leukocytes from cancer patients and HDs, we could identify a subset of neutrophils with high platelet gene expression that may correspond to NPAs. Moreover, we showed that cancer patients' derived NPAs possessed a distinct molecular signature compared to the other neutrophil subsets, independently of platelet genes. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis of this NPAs‐associated neutrophil transcriptomic signature revealed a significant enrichment of neutrophil degranulation, chemotaxis and trans‐endothelial migration GO terms. Lastly, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we could show by multivariate Cox analysis that the NPAs‐associated neutrophil transcriptomic signature was associated with a worse patient prognosis in several cancer types. These results suggest that neutrophils from NPAs are systemically primed by platelets empowering them with cancer progression capacities once at tumor site. NPAs may therefore hold clinical utility as novel noninvasive blood prognostic biomarker in cancer patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pacôme Lecot
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Maude Ardin
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Sébastien Dussurgey
- Université de Lyon, SFR Biosciences, ENS de Lyon, Inserm US8, CNRS UMS3444, UCBL ‐ 50 Avenue Tony Garnier Lyon France
| | - Vincent Alcazer
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Lyvia Moudombi
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Manuela Pereira Abrantes
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Margaux Hubert
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Aurélie Swalduz
- Department of Lung and Thoracic Medical Oncology Centre Léon Bérard Lyon France
| | - Hector Hernandez‐Vargas
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Alain Viari
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Plateforme de Bio‐informatique ‘Gilles Thomas’ Lyon France
| | - Christophe Caux
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
| | - Marie‐Cécile Michallet
- TERI (Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity) Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Lyon France
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192
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Connor AA, Gallinger S. Pancreatic cancer evolution and heterogeneity: integrating omics and clinical data. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:131-142. [PMID: 34789870 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00418-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), already among the deadliest epithelial malignancies, is rising in both incidence and contribution to overall cancer deaths. Decades of research have improved our understanding of PDAC carcinogenesis, including characterizing germline predisposition, the cell of origin, precursor lesions, the sequence of genetic alterations, including simple and structural alterations, transcriptional changes and subtypes, tumour heterogeneity, metastatic progression and the tumour microenvironment. These fundamental advances inform contemporary translational efforts in primary prevention, screening and early detection, multidisciplinary management and survivorship, as prospective clinical trials begin to adopt molecular-based selection criteria to guide targeted therapies. Genomic and transcriptomic data on PDAC were also included in the international pan-cancer analysis of approximately 2,600 cancers, a milestone in cancer research that allows further insight through comparison with other tumour types. Thus, this is an ideal time to review our current knowledge of PDAC evolution and heterogeneity, gained from the study of preclinical models and patient biospecimens, and to propose a model of PDAC evolution that takes into consideration findings from varied sources, with a particular focus on the genomics of human PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashton A Connor
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgical Oncology Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Wallace McCain Centre for Pancreatic Cancer, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Ontario Pancreas Cancer Study, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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193
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McDonald OG. The biology of pancreatic cancer morphology. Pathology 2022; 54:236-247. [PMID: 34872751 PMCID: PMC8891077 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal of all human malignancies. PDAC precursor lesions, invasive primary PDAC, and metastatic PDAC each display distinct morphologies that reflect unique biology. This 'biomorphology' is determined by a complex neoplastic history of clonal phylogenetic relationships, geographic locations, external environmental exposures, intrinsic metabolic demands, and tissue migration patterns. Understanding the biomorphological evolution of PDAC progression is not only of academic interest but also of great practical value. Applying this knowledge to surgical pathology practice facilitates the correct diagnosis on routine H&E stains without additional ancillary studies in most cases. Here I provide a concise overview of the entire biomorphological spectrum of PDAC progression beginning with initial neoplastic transformation and ending in terminal distant metastasis. Most biopsy and resection specimens are currently obtained prior to treatment. As such, our understanding of untreated PDAC biomorphology is mature. The biomorphology of treated PDAC is less defined but will assume greater importance as the frequency of neoadjuvant therapy increases. Although this overview is slanted towards pathology, it is written so that pathologists, clinicians, and scientists alike might find it instructive for their respective disciplines.
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194
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Selective multi-kinase inhibition sensitizes mesenchymal pancreatic cancer to immune checkpoint blockade by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:318-336. [PMID: 35122074 PMCID: PMC7612546 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
KRAS-mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly immunosuppressive and resistant to targeted and immunotherapies. Among the different PDAC subtypes, basal-like mesenchymal PDAC, which is driven by allelic imbalance, increased gene dosage and subsequent high expression levels of oncogenic KRAS, shows the most aggressive phenotype and strongest therapy resistance. In the present study, we performed a systematic high-throughput combination drug screen and identified a synergistic interaction between the MEK inhibitor trametinib and the multi-kinase inhibitor nintedanib, which targets KRAS-directed oncogenic signaling in mesenchymal PDAC. This combination treatment induces cell-cycle arrest and cell death, and initiates a context-dependent remodeling of the immunosuppressive cancer cell secretome. Using a combination of single-cell RNA-sequencing, CRISPR screens and immunophenotyping, we show that this combination therapy promotes intratumor infiltration of cytotoxic and effector T cells, which sensitizes mesenchymal PDAC to PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibition. Overall, our results open new avenues to target this aggressive and therapy-refractory mesenchymal PDAC subtype.
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195
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Hosein AN, Dougan SK, Aguirre AJ, Maitra A. Translational advances in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:272-286. [PMID: 35352061 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer that is most frequently detected at advanced stages, limiting treatment options to systemic chemotherapy with modest clinical responses. Here, we review recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for treating subtypes of PDAC with diverse molecular alterations. We focus on the current preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the potential of these approaches and the promise of combinatorial regimens to improve the lives of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser Hosein
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Sheikh Ahmed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Advocate Aurora Health, Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic, Sheboygan, WI, USA.
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Sheikh Ahmed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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196
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Arora S, Khan S, Zaki A, Tabassum G, Mohsin M, Bhutto HN, Ahmad T, Fatma T, Syed MA. Integration of chemokine signaling with non-coding RNAs in tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity in different cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:720-736. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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197
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Velez-Delgado A, Donahue KL, Brown KL, Du W, Irizarry-Negron V, Menjivar RE, Lasse Opsahl EL, Steele NG, The S, Lazarus J, Sirihorachai VR, Yan W, Kemp SB, Kerk SA, Bollampally M, Yang S, Scales MK, Avritt FR, Lima F, Lyssiotis CA, Rao A, Crawford HC, Bednar F, Frankel TL, Allen BL, Zhang Y, Pasca di Magliano M. Extrinsic KRAS Signaling Shapes the Pancreatic Microenvironment Through Fibroblast Reprogramming. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 13:1673-1699. [PMID: 35245687 PMCID: PMC9046274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Oncogenic Kirsten Rat Sarcoma virus (KRAS) is the hallmark mutation of human pancreatic cancer and a driver of tumorigenesis in genetically engineered mouse models of the disease. Although the tumor cell-intrinsic effects of oncogenic Kras expression have been widely studied, its role in regulating the extensive pancreatic tumor microenvironment is less understood. METHODS Using a genetically engineered mouse model of inducible and reversible oncogenic Kras expression and a combination of approaches that include mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing we studied the effect of oncogenic KRAS in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS We have discovered that non-cell autonomous (ie, extrinsic) oncogenic KRAS signaling reprograms pancreatic fibroblasts, activating an inflammatory gene expression program. As a result, fibroblasts become a hub of extracellular signaling, and the main source of cytokines mediating the polarization of protumorigenic macrophages while also preventing tissue repair. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides fundamental knowledge on the mechanisms underlying the formation of the fibroinflammatory stroma in pancreatic cancer and highlights stromal pathways with the potential to be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenting Du
- Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | | | - Nina G Steele
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephanie The
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Wei Yan
- Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Samantha B Kemp
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Sion Yang
- Life Sciences and Arts College, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael K Scales
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Cancer Biology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Arvind Rao
- Cancer Biology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Michigan Institute of Data Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Cancer Biology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Filip Bednar
- Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Timothy L Frankel
- Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Benjamin L Allen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cancer Biology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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198
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Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant myeloid cells in human blood and are emerging as important regulators of cancer. However, their functional importance has often been overlooked on the basis that they are short-lived, terminally differentiated and non-proliferative. Recent studies of their prominent roles in cancer have led to a paradigm shift in our appreciation of neutrophil functional diversity. This Review describes how neutrophil diversification, which in some contexts can lead to opposing functions, is generated within the tumour microenvironment as well as systemically. We compare neutrophil heterogeneity in cancer and in other pathophysiological contexts to provide an updated overview of our current knowledge of the functions of neutrophils in cancer.
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199
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El-Desoky Mohamady RE, Elwia SK, Abo El Wafa SM, Mohamed MA. Effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes and green tea polyphenols on acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in adult male albino rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:147-163. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2039825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sania K. Elwia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Sahar M. Abo El Wafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mona Ataya Mohamed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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200
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Cattolico C, Bailey P, Barry ST. Modulation of Type I Interferon Responses to Influence Tumor-Immune Cross Talk in PDAC. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:816517. [PMID: 35273962 PMCID: PMC8902310 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.816517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many cancer types. However, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) exhibit poor responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors with immunotherapy-based trials not generating convincing clinical activity. PDAC tumors often have low infiltration of tumor CD8+ T cells and a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. These features classify PDAC as immunologically "cold." However, the presence of tumor T cells is a favorable prognostic feature in PDAC. Intrinsic tumor cell properties govern interactions with the immune system. Alterations in tumor DNA such as genomic instability, high tumor mutation burden, and/or defects in DNA damage repair are associated with responses to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Cytotoxic or metabolic stress produced by radiation and/or chemotherapy can act as potent immune triggers and prime immune responses. Damage- or stress-mediated activation of nucleic acid-sensing pathways triggers type I interferon (IFN-I) responses that activate innate immune cells and natural killer cells, promote maturation of dendritic cells, and stimulate adaptive immunity. While PDAC exhibits intrinsic features that have the potential to engage immune cells, particularly following chemotherapy, these immune-sensing mechanisms are ineffective. Understanding where defects in innate immune triggers render the PDAC tumor-immune interface less effective, or how T-cell function is suppressed will help develop more effective treatments and harness the immune system for durable outcomes. This review will focus on the pivotal role played by IFN-I in promoting tumor cell-immune cell cross talk in PDAC. We will discuss how PDAC tumor cells bypass IFN-I signaling pathways and explore how these pathways can be co-opted or re-engaged to enhance the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Cattolico
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section Surgical Research, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon T. Barry
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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