151
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Zhang P, Qin C, Hong X, Kang G, Qin M, Yang D, Pang B, Li Y, He J, Dick RP. Risk assessment and source analysis of soil heavy metal pollution from lower reaches of Yellow River irrigation in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1136-1147. [PMID: 29758865 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The level of concentration of heavy metal in soil is detrimental to soil quality. The Heigangkou-Liuyuankou irrigation area in the lower-reach of Yellow River irrigation, as home to a large population and a major site to agricultural production, is vulnerable to heavy metal pollution. This study examined soil quality in Heigangkou-Liuyuankou irrigation areas of Kaifeng, China. Pollution in soil and potential risks introduced by heavy metal accumulation were assessed using Nemerow, Geoaccumulation, and Hakanson's ecological risk indices. Statistics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to model and present the spatiotemporal changes of the pollution sources and factors affecting the levels of pollution. The heavy metals found in the sampled soil are Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Hg. Among them, Cd is more concentrated than the others. The southwestern region of the studied area confronts the most serious heavy metal pollution. There exist spatial disparities of low concentrations of different heavy metals in the study area. Hg and Cd are found to pose the highest potential ecological risks. However, their risk levels are not the same across the study area. Levels concentration of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Hg in soil are highly correlated. In combination, they post an additional threat to the ecological environment. Transportation, rural settlements, and water bodies are found to be the major sources of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Hg pollution in the soil; among the major sources, transportation is the most significant factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Zhang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Geography, Kent State University, OH 42242-0001, USA.
| | - Chengzhe Qin
- School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas 75080, USA.
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Geography, Kent State University, OH 42242-0001, USA.
| | - Guohua Kang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Mingzhou Qin
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Dan Yang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Jianjian He
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Richard P Dick
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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152
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Zhu D, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Han J. Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment of the Agriculture Soil in Xunyang Mining Area, Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 101:178-184. [PMID: 29947911 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mining is considered to be one of the most significant sources of environmental pollution with regard to heavy metals. Mineral mining causes large quantities of mercury, cadmium, and other elements to be released into the environment and naturally poses a serious threat to environment. This paper will analyze the pollution status of agricultural soil caused by the mining of heavy metals in various mining areas in the Xunyang County in the Shaanxi Province of China, an area in famous for its resource mining. Equally, it will look at the potential ecological risk assessment process that is used to analyze the ecological risks of mining heavy metals in agricultural soil located in the surrounding areas. Based on the soil investigation, As pose a moderate ecological risk on the Au mining area. In addition, the Hg metals pose a significantly high potential ecological risk and Cd metals pose a considerable potential ecological risk on the Hg mining area. In the Pb-Zn mining area, a significantly high potential ecological risk was mainly posed by Cd. These results suggest that many heavy metals pose a high potential ecological risk on the agricultural soil in these three mining areas in the Xunyang County, and may cause elevated heavy metal contents in crops, eventually jeopardizing the health of local residents who consume food grown in polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiwen Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Wei
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jichang Han
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, China.
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153
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Assessing Soil Metal Levels in an Industrial Environment of Northwestern China and the Phytoremediation Potential of Its Native Plants. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10082686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Various industrial activities contribute heavy metals to terrestrial ecosystems. In order to evaluate the soil quality of industrial areas and to identify the potential phytoremediator from the native plant species, we collected 45 surface soil samples and 21 plant species in a typical industrial area of northwestern China. The results showed that the average values of the Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the soils were 36.91, 1.67, 7.20, 1.38, 1.27, and 6.66 times, respectively, compared with the corresponding background values. The average single factor pollution index for heavy metals decreased in the order of Cd > As > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb. The study area was seriously polluted by Cd and As, slightly polluted by Zn, and had relatively little contamination by Cr, Pb, and Cu. In terms of the average Nemerow synthetic pollution index in every sampling site, 97.78% of the samples were seriously polluted and 2.22% of the samples were moderately polluted, which indicated that almost all of the samples in the industrial area were seriously polluted. The results of the biomass, heavy metal concentrations, bioconcentration factors (BCF), and translocation factors (TF) for the native plants showed that Achnatherum splendens for metal Cr presented a phytostabilization potential, Artemisia scoparia and Echinochloa crusgalli for metal Cu and Halogeton arachnoideus for metal Zn presented a phytoextraction potential, and all of the studied plants were limited as phytoremediators for Cd or Pb contaminated soil.
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154
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Wu W, Wu P, Yang F, Sun DL, Zhang DX, Zhou YK. Assessment of heavy metal pollution and human health risks in urban soils around an electronics manufacturing facility. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:53-61. [PMID: 29475113 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has pervaded many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations and health risks of heavy metals in urban soils around an electronics manufacturing site in the Hubei Province of China. Soils samples were collected from commercial, roadside, farmland, and residential areas around the electronics manufacturing facility. A total of 136 topsoil samples were collected, and these samples were analyzed for Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ni, and Pb. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution index (PI), and potential ecological risk index (PER) were calculated to assess the soil pollution levels. The hazard index (HI) was used to assess the human health risks posed by the presence of heavy metals. The total concentrations of the seven congeners (∑metals) ranged from 3738.86 to 5173.25mgkg-1, and the concentrations were highest in the commercial area followed (in decreasing order) by the roadside, farmland, and residential areas. The HI for children and adults descended in the order of Cr>As>Pb>Cd>Cu>Ni>Zn. The carcinogenic risks of two metals, namely, Cr and As, for children and adults were higher than 10-4, and children faced greater health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 1 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 1 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 1 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Dan-Ling Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 1 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - De-Xing Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 1 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yi-Kai Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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155
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Li X, Li J, Sui H, He L, Cao X, Li Y. Evaluation and determination of soil remediation schemes using a modified AHP model and its application in a contaminated coking plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 353:300-311. [PMID: 29679890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil remediation has been considered as one of the most difficult pollution treatment tasks due to its high complexity in contaminants, geological conditions, usage, urgency, etc. The diversity in remediation technologies further makes quick selection of suitable remediation schemes much tougher even the site investigation has been done. Herein, a sustainable decision support hierarchical model has been developed to select, evaluate and determine preferred soil remediation schemes comprehensively based on modified analytic hierarchy process (MAHP). This MAHP method combines competence model and the Grubbs criteria with the conventional AHP. It not only considers the competence differences among experts in group decision, but also adjusts the big deviation caused by different experts' preference through sample analysis. This conversion allows the final remediation decision more reasonable. In this model, different evaluation criteria, including economic effect, environmental effect and technological effect, are employed to evaluate the integrated performance of remediation schemes followed by a strict computation using above MAHP. To confirm the feasibility of this developed model, it has been tested by a benzene workshop contaminated site in Beijing coking plant. Beyond soil remediation, this MAHP model would also be applied in other fields referring to multi-criteria group decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, China
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, China
| | - Lin He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Xingtao Cao
- CNOOC EnerTech- Beijing Safety& Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Research Institute, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
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156
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Liang W, Li M, Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Awasthi MK, Jiang S, Li R. Decontamination of Hg(II) from aqueous solution using polyamine-co-thiourea inarched chitosan gel derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:106-115. [PMID: 29471087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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157
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Schrecker T, Birn AE, Aguilera M. How extractive industries affect health: Political economy underpinnings and pathways. Health Place 2018; 52:135-147. [PMID: 29886130 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A systematic and theoretically informed analysis of how extractive industries affect health outcomes and health inequities is overdue. Informed by the work of Saskia Sassen on "logics of extraction," we adopt an expansive definition of extractive industries to include (for example) large-scale foreign acquisitions of agricultural land for export production. To ground our analysis in concrete place-based evidence, we begin with a brief review of four case examples of major extractive activities. We then analyze the political economy of extractivism, focusing on the societal structures, processes, and relationships of power that drive and enable extraction. Next, we examine how this global order shapes and interacts with politics, institutions, and policies at the state/national level contextualizing extractive activity. Having provided necessary context, we posit a set of pathways that link the global political economy and national politics and institutional practices surrounding extraction to health outcomes and their distribution. These pathways involve both direct health effects, such as toxic work and environmental exposures and assassination of activists, and indirect effects, including sustained impoverishment, water insecurity, and stress-related ailments. We conclude with some reflections on the need for future research on the health and health equity implications of the global extractive order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Schrecker
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.
| | - Anne-Emanuelle Birn
- Critical Development Studies and Social and Behavioural Health Sciences, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
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158
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Wu J, Lu J, Li L, Min X, Luo Y. Pollution, ecological-health risks, and sources of heavy metals in soil of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 201:234-242. [PMID: 29524824 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, especially the northeastern region, is not a pure land any more due to recently increasing anthropogenic activities. This study collected soil samples from 70 sites of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to evaluate pollution, ecological-health risks, and possible pollution sources of heavy metals. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil were relatively high. Values of geo-accumulation index exhibited that Hg pollution was the most serious meanwhile Hg possessed the strongest enrichment feature based on enrichment factor values. The modified degrees of contamination showed that about 54.3% and 17.1% of sampling sites were at moderate and high contamination degree while pollution load indexes illustrated that 72.9% and 27.1% of sampling sites possessed moderate and high contamination level, respectively. Ecological risk indexes of heavy metals in soil ranged from 234.6 to 3759.0, suggesting that most of sites were under considerable/very high risks. Cancer risks for adults and children were determined as high and high-very high levels while non-cancer risks for children were high although those for adults were low. Industrial source contributed to the main fraction of ecological and health risks. Summarily speaking, heavy metals in soil of the study area has caused significantly serious pollution and exerted high potential ecological and health risks, especially for children who are more susceptible to hurt from pollutants. Therefore, more efficient and strict pollution control and management in study area should be put out as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003 China.
| | - Leiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Xiuyun Min
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003 China
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159
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Li F, Zhang J, Cao T, Li S, Chen Y, Liang X, Zhao X, Chen J. Human Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Elements in Farmland Topsoil with Source Identification in Jilin Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15051040. [PMID: 29789456 PMCID: PMC5982079 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15051040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The presence of toxic elements in agricultural soils from anthropogenic activities is a potential threat to human health through the food chain. In this study, the concentration of toxic elements in 122 agricultural topsoil composite samples were determined in order to study the current status, identify their sources and assess the level of pollution and human health risk. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As in the farmland topsoil were 21.72, 15.09, 36.08, 0.2451, 0.0378 and 4.957 mg·kg−1, respectively. The spatial distribution showed that the soils were mainly contaminated by Cd, Pb and Hg in midwest Jilin but by Cu and As in the east. According to the pollution index (Pi), Nemerow integrated pollution index (PN) and Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo), Cd and Pb were the main pollutants in the soils. The occurrence of these elements was caused by anthropogenic activities and they were concentrated in the Songyuan-Changchun-Siping economic belt. There is limited non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk to humans. Principal component analyses suggest the Pb, Cd and Hg soil contamination was mainly derived from anthropogenic activities in the Midwest, but all examined toxic elements in the east were mainly due to geogenic anomalies and came from atmospheric deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxu Li
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Department of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Department of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Tiehua Cao
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130017, China.
| | - Sijia Li
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Department of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Department of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Xuanhe Liang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130017, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130017, China.
| | - Junwei Chen
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Department of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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160
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Ji Y, Wu P, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Peng Y, Zhang S, Cai G, Gao G. Heavy metal accumulation, risk assessment and integrated biomarker responses of local vegetables: A case study along the Le'an river. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:361-371. [PMID: 29453062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this research, Ganzhou Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis), Native Purple Garlic (Allium sativum L) and Leping Radish (Raphanus sativus L) widely planted and distributed along the Le'an River were chosen in the present study. Soil physical-chemical properties, nutrients contents as well as heavy metals elements accumulated in both soils and vegetables collected from 24 sites were analyzed by lab analysis combined with statistical method which was also used for calculation of contamination factor, pollution indexes and hazardous index. Heavy metals accumulation in soils were revealed with higher level, and copper and cadmium exceeded the background values by 8.82 and 16.73 times on average, which were also significantly related with the distribution of nonferrous metal processing enterprises. Heavy metal elements accumulated in vegetables were fully consistent with the finding of pollution characteristics in soils. Peroxidase biomarkers in vegetables, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipoperoxidation (as TBARS), as well as integrated biomarker responses (IBR) were determined to give a reliable response after exposing of contaminants. Heavy metals accumulation ability and biomarker responses for three vegetables were usually determined in the following decrease trend: Ganzhou Chinese Cabbage > Native Purple Garlic > Leping Radish. Compared with peroxidase biomarkers activities or contents of control site, all the measured biomarkers in polluted sites showed significantly responses, indicating potential relationship between pollutants stresses and biomarker responses. This study also revealed that the IBR values were coordinated well with the pollutants concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ji
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China.
| | - Peijun Wu
- Office of Poyang Lake Water Control Project Construction of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330046, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
| | - Youfeng Zhou
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
| | - Yongwen Peng
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
| | - Shifeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Gaotang Cai
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China; JiangXi Engineering Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Resources Efficient Utilization, Nanchang, 330099, China
| | - Guiqing Gao
- College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
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161
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Zhu G, Xiao H, Guo Q, Song B, Zheng G, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Okoli CP. Heavy metal contents and enrichment characteristics of dominant plants in wasteland of the downstream of a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi, Southwest China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 151:266-271. [PMID: 29407559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A field investigation on the content of heavy metals in soils and 17 kinds of dominant plants from wasteland of the downstream of a Pb-Zn mine in Northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was carried out. The absorption and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals between plants and soil were compared, and the candidate species for ecosystem restoration of the area were selected. The results indicated that the soils had been subjected to pollution of heavy metals in varying degrees. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn were 46.5, 57.3 and 23.7 times higher than their corresponding background values, respectively. The contents of Cd, Pb and Zn in the most analyzed plants exceed the normal ranges and the phytotoxic level. C. crepidioides, S. nigrum, B. pilosa, C. Canadensis, A. conyzoides, I. denticulata and E. crusgali showed strong capability in accumulation and transport of Cd, and they could be used as good candidates for Cd- phytoextraction. Among which, Cd concentration in the aerial part of C. crepidioides exceeded the threshold of Cd-hyperaccumulator. Thus, C. crepidioides demonstrated the basic characteristics of a Cd-hyperaccumulator. The lower translocation ratios for Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb in P. vittata and C. chinensis make them suitable for phytostabilization in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; College of Biology and Environment Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
| | - Huayun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; College of Biology and Environment Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bo Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Chukwunonso Peter Okoli
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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162
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Dai L, Wang L, Li L, Liang T, Zhang Y, Ma C, Xing B. Multivariate geostatistical analysis and source identification of heavy metals in the sediment of Poyang Lake in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:1433-1444. [PMID: 29056381 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in lake sediment have become a great concern because their remobilization has frequently occurred under hydrodynamic disturbance in shallow lakes. In this study, heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn) concentrations in the surface and core sediments of the largest freshwater lake in China, Poyang Lake, were investigated. Geostatistical prediction maps of heavy metals distribution in the surface sediment were completed as well as further data mining. Based on the prediction maps, the ranges of Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in the surface sediments of the entire lake were 96.2-175.2, 38.3-127.6, 0.2-2.3, 22.5-77.4, and 72.3-254.4mg/kg, respectively. A self-organizing map (SOM) was applied to find the inner element relation of heavy metals in the sediment cores. K-means clustering of the self-organizing map was also completed to define the Euclidian distance of heavy metals in the sediment cores. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) for Poyang Lake indicated a varying degree of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediment, especially for Cu. The heavy metal contamination in the sediment profiles had similar pollution levels as those of surface sediment, except for Cd. Correlation matrix mapping and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to support the idea that Cr, Pb, and Zn may be mainly derived from both lithogenic and human activities, such as atmospheric and river inflow transportation, whereas Cu and Cd may be mainly contributed from anthropogenic sources, such as mining activities and fertilizer application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Lianfang Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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163
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Xiang Y, Xiang Y, Wang L, Li X. Effects of sewage sludge modified by coal gasification slag and electron beam irradiation on the growth of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. and transfer of heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11636-11645. [PMID: 29429113 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was performed to investigate the feasibility of sewage sludge modified by coal gasification slag pretreatment and electron beam irradiation in soil application for cultivation of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . The results showed that modified sewage sludge had an active effect on the growth of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . The sandy soil and modified sludge at the volume ratio of 2:1 were optimal, and the growth potential of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . was highest. In the sandy soil, the values of bioconcentration factor of most heavy metals were below 1.0 except for Zn and Cu. The average bioconcentration factor values of heavy metals in Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . decreased in a sequence of Zn>Cu>Ni> Mn>Co>Pb>Cr>Fe>V>Cd>Mo for all treatments. Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . could decrease the eco-toxicity and bioavailability of Ni, Fe, and Mo in all mixed soil, and Alhagi sparsifolia Shap . could reduce the eco-toxicity and bioavailability of all heavy metals discussed in this study (except for Mn) in the mixed soil of SS:MSS = 2:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi Province, 719000, China.
| | - Yuxiu Xiang
- Department of Management Engineering, Qiqihar Institute of Engineering, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, 161005, China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi Province, 719000, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi Province, 719000, China
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164
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Li Z, Su H, Wang L, Hu D, Zhang L, Fang J, Jin M, Fiati Kenston SS, Song X, Shi H, Zhao J, Mao G. Epidemiological Study on Metal Pollution of Ningbo in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E424. [PMID: 29495631 PMCID: PMC5876969 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: In order to search for effective control and prevention measures, the status of metal pollution in Ningbo, China was investigated. Methods: Nine of the most common contaminating metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) in samples of vegetables, rice, soil, irrigation water, and human hair were detected using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Three different districts including industrial, suburban and rural areas in Ningbo were studied through a stratified random sample method. Results: (1) Among all of the detected vegetable samples, Cd exceeded the standard limit rates in industrial, suburban and rural areas as high as 43.9%, 27.5% and 5.0%, respectively; indicating the severity of Cd pollution in Ningbo. (2) The pollution index (PI) of Cd and Zn in soil (1.069, 1.584, respectively) suggests that soil is slightly polluted by Cd and Zn. Among all samples, metal contamination levels in soil were all relatively high. (3) A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cu in vegetables and soil; Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni in vegetables and irrigation water, as well as, Cu and Ni in rice and irrigation water; and, (4) Higher Pb and Cd concentrations were found in student scalp hair in both industrial and suburban areas compared to rural areas. (5) Hg and Pb that are found in human scalp hair may be more easily absorbed from food than any of the other metals. Conclusions: In general, certain harmful metal pollutions were detected in both industrial and suburban areas of Ningbo in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Danbiao Hu
- Ninghai Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ninghai 315600, China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Jiangdong District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China.
| | - Jian Fang
- Zhenhai District Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Center, Ningbo 315200, China.
| | - Micong Jin
- Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Hongbo Shi
- Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Guochuan Mao
- Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China.
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165
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Men C, Liu R, Xu F, Wang Q, Guo L, Shen Z. Pollution characteristics, risk assessment, and source apportionment of heavy metals in road dust in Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:138-147. [PMID: 28850834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the spatial distribution patterns, risks, and sources of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe), 36 road dust samples were collected from an urbanized area of Beijing in June 2016. The mean concentration of most metals, except As and Mn, exceeded their corresponding background values, with the mean concentration of Cd being 8 times that of its background. Spatially, for most heavy metals, except As and Mn, the high concentration areas were mainly within the 5th ring road, especially the northern area. The geo-accumulation index of Cd and Cu indicated moderate contamination at many sites. The entire study area was prone to potential ecological risks, with higher risks within the 4th ring road. Cd caused high potential ecological risk at most sites. According to the health risk assessment results, the non-carcinogenic risks that human beings suffered from heavy metals were insignificant. However, the carcinogenic risks due to Ni and Cr exceeded the acceptable level. Based on the source apportionment using positive matrix factorization, four factors were defined for the heavy metals. Factor 1, which was traffic-related exhaust, accounted for 34.47% of the concentration of heavy metals. The contributions of Factors 2 and 3 were approximately 25% each. Factor 2 was potentially related to coal combustion, while Factor 3 could be related to the manufacture and use of metal components. Factor 4, which could be related to the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and medical devices, accounted for 14.88%, which was the lowest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Men
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qingrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenyao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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166
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Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) Pollution at a Rural Industrial Wasteland in an Abandoned Metallurgy Factory in North China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15010085. [PMID: 29316642 PMCID: PMC5800184 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential toxic elements (PTEs) pollution problems in many rural industrial wastelands have been observed to be conspicuous. Therefore, 40 top soil samples were collected from the wasteland of a typical rural metallurgy factory in Baoding, China. The total concentrations of six key PTEs were measured. The soil properties and speciation of the PTEs were also identified. Extremely high concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were observed in the surface soils. Using the PTEs concentration in the top soils of the rural industrial wasteland, the following indices of pollution were calculated: the pollution load index (PLI), the geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), the risk assessment code (RAC), and the health risk assessment (HRA). The analysis of the PLI and Igeo indicated that site #1 was relatively clean, while sites #2 and #3 were heavily polluted. The results of the RAC showed that PTEs in top soils at sites #2 and #3 were significantly increased (p < 0.05) for Cd and Zn. The HRA indicated that both As and Pb presented non-carcinogenic risks to children and adults at sites #2 and #3. Our findings can be a reference for risk prevention of industrially abandoned land in rural China.
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167
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Gu YY, Zhao C, Li H, An H. The enhancement of synthesized wastewater on non-uniform electrokinetic remediation of a Cd-spiked natural clayey soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1103-1114. [PMID: 29079978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0491-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is usually very difficult to achieve satisfactory extraction efficiencies in electrokinetic remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils of high acid/base buffer capacity. Enhancement agent is often required. In this study, synthesized citric acid industrial wastewater (CAIW) is used as the enhancement agent to remediate cadmium-spiked natural clayey soil from Shanghai, China. Four electrokinetic extraction experiments were carried out to evaluate the enhancement effects of CAIW on the remediation of metal-spiked clayed soil of high buffer capacity and the effects of treatment time and initial cadmium concentration on the migration of cadmium in the specimen. The results of electrokinetic experiments indicated that CAIW can efficiently enhance the transport of cadmium in comparison with HNO3 of the same pH. Cadmium mobilization was enhanced with prolonged treatment time from 104 to 261.2 h, but the average cadmium removal efficiency was not significantly enhanced. A non-uniform cadmium distribution in the specimen was observed after the enhanced electrokinetic experiments due to the localized electrical gradients with an electrical gradient of approximately 1 V/cm and a ratio of the distance between electrodes of the same polarity to the outer diameter of electrode of 2.8 (50:18 mm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Gu
- Department of Environmental & Safety Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China.
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- Department of Environmental & Safety Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Hongjiang Li
- Qingdao Water Group Co. Ltd., Qingdao, 266002, China
| | - Hui An
- Department of Environmental & Safety Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
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168
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Liang Y, Yi X, Dang Z, Wang Q, Luo H, Tang J. Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Vicinity of a Tailing Pond in Guangdong, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1557. [PMID: 29231884 PMCID: PMC5750975 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess heavy metal contamination and health risks for residents in the vicinity of a tailing pond in Guangdong, southern China. Water, soil, rice, and vegetable samples were collected from the area in the vicinity of the tailing pond. Results showed that surface water was just polluted by Ni and As, while groundwater was not contaminated by heavy metals. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and As in the paddy soil exceeded the standard values but not those of Cr. In vegetable soils, the concentration of heavy metals was above the standard values except for Ni and As. Soil heavy metal concentrations generally decreased with increasing distance from the polluting source. Leafy vegetables were contaminated by Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni, while the non-leafy vegetables were contaminated only by Cr. There was a significant difference in heavy metal concentrations between leafy vegetables and non-leafy vegetables. Almost all the rice was polluted by heavy metals. Diet was the most significant contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, which was significantly higher than the safe level of 1. The total cancer risk was also beyond the safe range (10-6-10-4). Results revealed that there is a risk of potential health problems to residents in the vicinity of the tailing pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Yi
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Houmei Luo
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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169
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Xun Y, Feng L, Li Y, Dong H. Mercury accumulation plant Cyrtomium macrophyllum and its potential for phytoremediation of mercury polluted sites. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 189:161-170. [PMID: 28934656 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyrtomium macrophyllum naturally grown in 225.73 mg kg-1 of soil mercury in mining area was found to be a potential mercury accumulator plant with the translocation factor of 2.62 and the high mercury concentration of 36.44 mg kg-1 accumulated in its aerial parts. Pot experiments indicated that Cyrtomium macrophyllum could even grow in 500 mg kg-1 of soil mercury with observed inhibition on growth but no obvious toxic effects, and showed excellent mercury accumulation and translocation abilities with both translocation and bioconcentration factors greater than 1 when exposed to 200 mg kg-1 and lower soil mercury, indicating that it could be considered as a great mercury accumulating species. Furthermore, the leaf tissue of Cyrtomium macrophyllum showed high resistance to mercury stress because of both the increased superoxide dismutase activity and the accumulation of glutathione and proline induced by mercury stress, which favorited mercury translocation from the roots to the aerial parts, revealing the possible reason for Cyrtomium macrophyllum to tolerate high concentration of soil mercury. In sum, due to its excellent mercury accumulation and translocation abilities as well as its high resistance to mercury stress, the use of Cyrtomium macrophyllum should be a promising approach to remediating mercury polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xun
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Sciences, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Sciences, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Youdan Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Sciences, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Haochen Dong
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Sciences, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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170
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Weissmannová HD, Pavlovský J. Indices of soil contamination by heavy metals - methodology of calculation for pollution assessment (minireview). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:616. [PMID: 29116419 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article provides the assessment of heavy metal soil pollution with using the calculation of various pollution indices and contains also summarization of the sources of heavy metal soil pollution. Twenty described indices of the assessment of soil pollution consist of two groups: single indices and total complex indices of pollution or contamination with relevant classes of pollution. This minireview provides also the classification of pollution indices in terms of the complex assessment of soil quality. In addition, based on the comparison of metal concentrations in soil-selected sites of the world and used indices of pollution or contamination in soils, the concentration of heavy metal in contaminated soils varied widely, and pollution indices confirmed the significant contribution of soil pollution from anthropogenic activities mainly in urban and industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiří Pavlovský
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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171
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Lahori AH, Zhang Z, Guo Z, Li R, Mahar A, Awasthi MK, Wang P, Shen F, Kumbhar F, Sial TA, Zhao J, Guo D. Beneficial effects of tobacco biochar combined with mineral additives on (im)mobilization and (bio)availability of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn from Pb/Zn smelter contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:528-538. [PMID: 28787614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of tobacco biochar (TB) alone and in combined with mineral additives: Ca-hydroxide (CH), Ca-bentonite (CB) and natural zeolite (NZ), on immobilization of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn, via reduce its (bio) availability to plants were investigated. The soils were collected from Tongguan contaminated (TG-C), Fengxian heavily contaminated (FX-HC) and Fengxian lightly contaminated (FX-LC) fields, Shaanxi province, China. The contaminated top soils were treated with low-cost amendments with an application rate of 1% and cultivated by Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) under greenhouse condition. Results showed that the all amendments (p < 0.05) potentially maximum reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb 82.53, Cd 31.52 and Cu 75.0% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil, while in case of Zn 62.21% with TB + CH in FX-HC soil than control. The addition of amendments clearly increased dry biomass of Brassica campestris L. as compared with un-amended treatment (except TB + CH). Furthermore, these amendments markedly increased the uptake by plant shoot viz, Cd 10.51% with TB alone and 11.51% with TB + CB in FX-HC soil, similarly in FX-LC Cd increased 5.15% with TB + CH and 22.19% with TB + NZ, respectively. In same trend the Cu uptake in plant shoot was 19.30% with TB + CH in TG-C, whereas 43.90 TB + CH and 19.24% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil. On the other hand as compared to control Cu accumulation in plant root was observed by TB, TB + CH and TB + CB treatments, while maximum uptake was 62.41% with TB + CH in TG-C soil. Consequently, except TB + CH treatment the chlorophyll content potentially increased in all amendment than control treatment, because of changes in soil EC, pH but increased CEC values after application of amendments. The results of this pot experiment are promising but they will further need to be confirmed with long-term field experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Farhana Kumbhar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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172
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Xu DM, Yan B, Chen T, Lei C, Lin HZ, Xiao XM. Contaminant characteristics and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in the paddy soils from lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn) mining areas in Guangdong Province, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24387-24399. [PMID: 28891003 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In November 2016, the total metal concentrations in nine representative locations in lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn) mining areas, located in Guangdong Province, South China, were determined experimentally by flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The results indicated that the paddy soils were heavily contaminated with Cd (20.25 mg kg-1), Pb (1093.03 mg kg-1), and Zn (867.0 mg kg-1), exceeding their corresponding soil quality standard values and background values. According to the results, the mean enrichment factor levels of the studied metals decreased in the following order: Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Mn > Cr. Among these metals, Cd, Pb, and Zn were predominantly influenced by widespread anthropogenic activities. The highest concentrations of the studied metal pollutants were distributed in the areas surrounding the mining activity district. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the major contributing sources of the studied metals were metal ore mining, smelting, and processing activities. However, the composition of soil background was another potential source. Moreover, the assessment results of environment risks showed that the potential ecological risks, in decreasing order, were Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Mn. Additionally, the non-carcinogenic risk represented the trend of HI Pb > HI Mn > HI Zn > HI Cu , and the carcinogenic risk ranked as CR Cr > CR Cd > CR Ni . Among the environmental risk substances, Cd and Pb were the main contributors that pose ecological harm and health hazards through their serious pollution. Consequently, greater attention should be paid to this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Mao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100082, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Zhi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Ming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
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173
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Hussain Lahori A, Zhang Z, Guo Z, Mahar A, Li R, Kumar Awasthi M, Ali Sial T, Kumbhar F, Wang P, Shen F, Zhao J, Huang H. Potential use of lime combined with additives on (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of heavy metals from Pb/Zn smelter contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:313-323. [PMID: 28756252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This explorative study was aimed to assess the efficiency of lime alone and in combined with additives to immobilize Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in soil and reduce their phytoavailability for plant. A greenhouse pot experiment was performed by using low and heavily contaminated top soils viz. Tongguan contaminated (TG-C); Fengxian heavily contaminated (FX-HC) and Fengxian low contaminated (FX-LC). The contaminated soils were treated with lime (L) alone and in combined with Ca-bentonite (CB), Tobacco biochar (TB) and Zeolite (Z) at 1% and cultivated by Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L). Results revealed that all amendments (p< 0.05) significantly reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb 97.33, Cd 68.06 and Cu 91.11% with L+TB, L+CB, L+Z in FX-LC soil and Zn 87.12% respectively, with L+CB into TG-C soil. Consequently, the application of lime alone and in combined with additives were drastically decreased the dry biomass yield of Brassica campestris L. as compared with control. Thus, these feasible amendments potentially maximum reduced the uptake by plant shoots upto Pb 53.47 and Zn 67.93% with L+Z and L+TB in FX-LC soil, while Cd 68.58 and Cu 60.29% with L+TB, L+CB in TG-C soil but Cu uptake in plant shoot was observed 27.26% and 30.17% amended with L+TB and L+Z in FX-HC and FX-LC soils. On the other hand, these amendments were effectively reduced the potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in roots upto Pb77.77% L alone in FX-HC, Cd 96.76% with L+TB in TG-C, while, Cu 66.70 and Zn 60.18% with L+Z in FX-LC. Meanwhile, all amendments were responsible for increasing soil pH and CEC but decreased soils EC level. Based on this result, these feasible soil amendments were recommended for long term-study under field condition to see the response of another hyper accumulator crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Farhana Kumbhar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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174
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Niu S, Gao L, Zhao J. Heavy metals in the soils and plants from a typical restored coal-mining area of Huainan coalfield, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:484. [PMID: 28868589 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to pursue the heavy metals in the soil and plants of a typical restored coal-mining area, China. The average concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Pb in soil were 26.4, 76.1, 188.6, 34.3, and 50.2 mg kg-1, respectively, implying a significant accumulation of Cr, Ni, and Pb compared with the background values. Contamination factor indicates that the soil underwent none to medium pollution by Cu and Zn, medium to strong by Cr, none to strong by Pb, and medium pollution by Ni while the pollution load index means that the soil was subjected to intermediate contamination. Based on the critical threshold values to protect the plants, the investigated metals were unable to affect the plants. One-way ANOVA analysis shows that Cu, Zn, and Pb in plants varied with plant tissues. Cu-Cr, Cu-Ni, Zn-Ni, Zn-Pb, Cr-Ni, and Ni-Pb pairs had significant positive correlation both in soil and in plants due to the similar soil characteristics and plant physiologies. Correspondence analysis indicates that Pb was more likely to be accumulative in stems and leaves. In addition, the levels of Cu and Cr in plant followed an order of roots > stems > leaves; Zn and Ni leaves ≥ stems > roots; and Pb followed stems ≥ leaves > roots. Generally, this study suggests that the plants like Ligustrum lucidum Aiton and Weigela hortensis, which are capable of accumulating Cr, Ni, and Pb, should be the predominant species in the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Niu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liangmin Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Economic Research Center of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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