151
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Soares S, Brandão E, Mateus N, de Freitas V. Sensorial properties of red wine polyphenols: Astringency and bitterness. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:937-948. [PMID: 25897713 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.946468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been the subject of numerous research over the past years, being referred as the nutraceuticals of modern life. The healthy properties of these compounds have been associated to a natural chemoprevention of 21st century major diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Parkinson's and Alzheimer's). This association led to an increased consumption of foodstuffs rich in these compounds such as red wine. Related to the ingestion of polyphenols are the herein revised sensorial properties (astringency and bitterness) which are not still pleasant. This review intends to be an outline both at a sensory as a molecular level of the mechanisms underlying astringency and bitterness of polyphenols. Up-to-date knowledge of this matter is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Soares
- a Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto , Departamento de Química e Bioquímica , Porto , Portugal
| | - Elsa Brandão
- a Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto , Departamento de Química e Bioquímica , Porto , Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- a Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto , Departamento de Química e Bioquímica , Porto , Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- a Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto , Departamento de Química e Bioquímica , Porto , Portugal
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152
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Esteban-Fernández A, Rendeiro C, Spencer JPE, Del Coso DG, de Llano MDG, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV. Neuroprotective Effects of Selected Microbial-Derived Phenolic Metabolites and Aroma Compounds from Wine in Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells and Their Putative Mechanisms of Action. Front Nutr 2017; 4:3. [PMID: 28352628 PMCID: PMC5348642 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate wine consumption has shown the potential to delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of wine-derived phenolic and aroma compounds in a neuroinflammation model based on SIN-1 stress-induced injury in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Cell pretreatment with microbial metabolites found in blood after wine consumption, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic (3,4-DHPA), 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acids and salicylic β-d-O-glucuronide, at physiologically concentrations (0.1–10 μM) resulted in increased cell viability versus SIN-1 control group (p < 0.05). Results also showed significant decreases in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 and ERK1/2 activation as well as in downstream pro-apoptotic caspase-3 activity by some of the studied compounds. Moreover, pretreatment with p38, MEK, and ERK1/2-specific inhibitors, which have a phenolic-like structure, also resulted in an increase on cell survival and a reduction on caspase-3 activity levels. Overall, these results contribute with new evidences related to the neuroprotective actions of wine, pointing out that wine-derived human metabolites and aroma compounds may be effective at protecting neuroblastoma cells from nitrosative stress injury by inhibiting neuronal MAPK p38 and ERK1/2, as well as downstream caspase 3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Esteban-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - C Rendeiro
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Champaign, IL , USA
| | - J P E Spencer
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading , Reading , UK
| | - D Gigorro Del Coso
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM , Madrid , Spain
| | - M D González de Llano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM , Madrid , Spain
| | - B Bartolomé
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM , Madrid , Spain
| | - M V Moreno-Arribas
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM , Madrid , Spain
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153
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Omar SH, Scott CJ, Hamlin AS, Obied HK. The protective role of plant biophenols in mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:1-20. [PMID: 28301805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) into the neurotoxic oligomers followed by fibrillar aggregates is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several lines of proposed hypotheses have suggested the mechanism of AD pathology, though the exact pathophysiological mechanism is not yet elucidated. The poor understanding of AD and multitude of adverse responses reported from the current synthetic drugs are the leading cause of failure in the drug development to treat or halt the progression of AD and mandate the search for safer and more efficient alternatives. A number of natural compounds have shown the ability to prevent the formation of the toxic oligomers and disrupt the aggregates, thus attracted much attention. Referable to the abundancy and multitude of pharmacological activities of the plant active constituents, biophenols that distinguish them from the other phytochemicals as a natural weapon against the neurodegenerative disorders. This review provides a critical assessment of the current literature on in vitro and in vivo mechanistic activities of biophenols associated with the prevention and treatment of AD. We have contended the need for more comprehensive approaches to evaluate the anti-AD activity of biophenols at various pathologic levels and to assess the current evidences. Consequently, we highlighted the various problems and challenges confronting the AD research, and offer recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed H Omar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Adam S Hamlin
- School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Hassan K Obied
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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154
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Sonibare MA, Ayoola IO, Elufioye TO. Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of leaf extract and fractions of Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach) W.F. Wright. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:143-148. [PMID: 27658138 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the leaf extract and different fractions of Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W. Wright, and also to identify and quantify some phenolic compounds in the extract. METHODS The antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the methanol extract (CME), ethyl acetate (EAF), chloroform (CHF), and n-hexane (NHF) fractions of A. adianthifolia leaves were subjected to in vitro chemical analyses. RESULTS Phytochemical screening revealed important classes of secondary metabolites. All extracts showed good antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. The EAF and CHF gave the highest total phenolic contents of 18.02±0.14 and 18.43±0.95 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract, respectively. The polar extracts gave the highest activity in both assays with lower IC50 values. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging activity assay, the IC50 values of CME, EAF, CHF, and NHF were 77.74±0.84, 55.76±2.30, 58.47±0.72, and 232.24±2.70 µg/mL, respectively, while in the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay, the IC50 values of CME, EAF, CHF, and NHF were 11.80±0.88, 10.04±1.67, 17.44±1.74, and 124.38±1.51 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the leaf of A. adianthifolia could serve as a potential candidate for future search of antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the management of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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155
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Kumar S, Yadav A, Yadav M, Yadav JP. Effect of climate change on phytochemical diversity, total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:60. [PMID: 28118858 PMCID: PMC5264341 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of climate change on phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts of Aloe vera collected from different climatic zones of the India. Methods Crude methanolic extracts of A. vera from the different states of India were screened for presence of various phytochemicals, total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content was tested by Folin–Ciocalteau reagent based assay whilst DPPH free radical scavenging assay, metal chelating assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, reducing power assay and β carotene-linoleic assay were used to assess the antioxidant potential of A. vera methanolic leaf extracts. Results Alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenes were the main phytochemicals presents in all accessions. A significant positive correlation was found between TPC and antioxidant activity of different accessions. Extracts of highland and semi-arid zones possessed maximum antioxidant potential. Accessions from tropical zones showed the least antioxidant activity in all assays. Conclusions It could be concluded that different agro-climatic conditions have effects on the phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant potential of the A. vera plant. The results reveal that A. vera can be a potential source of novel natural antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Genetics, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Amita Yadav
- Department of Genetics, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Manila Yadav
- Department of Genetics, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Jaya Parkash Yadav
- Department of Genetics, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
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156
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Hadidi L, Babou L, Zaidi F, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Grosso C. Quercus ilex L.: How season, Plant Organ and Extraction Procedure Can Influence Chemistry and Bioactivities. Chem Biodivers 2016; 14. [PMID: 27584870 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quercus species have a plethora of applications, either in wine and wood industries, in human and animal nutrition or in human health. In order to improve the knowledge on this genus, the aim of the present study was to correlate, for the first time, the phenolic composition of different Quercus ilex L. plant tissues (leaves in two maturation stages, acorns, teguments and cotyledons) and different extraction procedures with scavenging and anticholinesterase activities. The hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained showed strong radical scavenging activity against DPPH, superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide radical, leaves exhibiting higher total phenolic content and revealing the best antioxidant properties, followed by tegument and acorns. Concerning the phenolic profile, fifteen compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD, ranging from 1568.43 to 45,803.16 mg/kg dried extract. The results indicate that Q. ilex can be a source of strong antioxidant phenolic compounds with possible interest for food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Hadidi
- Department of Physico-Chemical Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Louiza Babou
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Farid Zaidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, PT-4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, PT-4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, PT-4050-313, Porto, Portugal
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157
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Marchese A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiol Res 2016; 196:44-68. [PMID: 28164790 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have shown that phytochemicals exert their antibacterial activity through different mechanisms of action, such as damage to the bacterial membrane and suppression of virulence factors, including inhibition of the activity of enzymes and toxins, and bacterial biofilm formation. In this review, we summarise data from the available literature regarding the antibacterial effects of the main phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes, alkaloids, sulfur-containing phytochemicals, terpenoids, and polyphenols. Some phytochemicals, besides having direct antimicrobial activity, showed an in vitro synergistic effect when tested in combination with conventional antibiotics, modifying antibiotic resistance. Review of the literature showed that phytochemicals represent a possible source of effective, cheap and safe antimicrobial agents, though much work must still be carried out, especially in in vivo conditions to ensure the selection of effective antimicrobial substances with low side and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Coppo
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC-IRCCS San Martino-IST University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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158
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Belkacemi A, Ramassamy C. Anthocyanins Protect SK-N-SH Cells Against Acrolein-Induced Toxicity by Preserving the Cellular Redox State. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:981-98. [PMID: 26890747 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, by-products of lipid peroxidation such as acrolein accumulated in vulnerable regions of the brain. We have previously shown that acrolein is a highly reactive and neurotoxic aldehyde and its toxicity involves the alteration of several redox-sensitive pathways. Recently, protein-conjugated acrolein in cerebrospinal fluid has been proposed as a biomarker to distinguish between MCI and AD. With growing evidence of the early involvement of oxidative stress in AD etiology, one would expect that a successful therapy should prevent brain oxidative damage. In this regard, several studies have demonstrated that polyphenol-rich extracts exert beneficial effect on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress. We have recently demonstrated the efficacy of an anthocyanin formulation (MAF14001) against amyloid-β-induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of MAF14001 as a mixture of anthocyanins, a particular class of polyphenols, against acrolein-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells. Our results demonstrated that MAF14001, from 5μM, was able to efficiently protect SK-N-SH cells against acrolein-induced cell death. MAF14001 was able to lower reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyl levels induced by acrolein. Moreover, MAF1401 prevented glutathione depletion and positively modulated, in the presence of acrolein, some oxidative stress-sensitive pathways including the transcription factors NF-κB and Nrf2, the proteins γ-GCS and GSK3β, and the protein adaptator p66Shc. Along with its proven protective effect against amyloid-β toxicity, these results demonstrate that MAF14001 could target multiple mechanisms and could be a promising agent for AD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdenour Belkacemi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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159
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Quercetin Exerts Differential Neuroprotective Effects Against H 2O 2 and Aβ Aggregates in Hippocampal Neurons: the Role of Mitochondria. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7116-7128. [PMID: 27796749 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is one of the major players in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite numerous studies, the mechanisms by which Aβ induces neurodegeneration are not completely understood. Oxidative stress is considered a major contributor to the pathogenesis of AD, and accumulating evidence indicates that high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in Aβ-induced neurodegeneration. Moreover, Aβ can induce the deregulation of calcium homeostasis, which also affects mitochondrial function and triggers neuronal cell death. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of quercetin, a plant flavonoid with antioxidant properties, on oxidative stress- and Aβ-induced degeneration. Our results indicate that quercetin efficiently protected against H2O2-induced neuronal toxicity; however, this protection was only partial in rat hippocampal neurons that were treated with Aβ. Treatment with quercetin decreased ROS levels, recovered the normal morphology of mitochondria, and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons that were treated with H2O2. By contrast, quercetin treatment partially rescued hippocampal neurons from Aβ-induced mitochondrial injury. Most importantly, quercetin treatment prevented the toxic effects that are induced by H2O2 in hippocampal neurons and, to a lesser extent, the Aβ-induced toxicity that is associated with the superoxide anion, which is a precursor of ROS production in mitochondria. Collectively, these results indicate that quercetin exerts differential effects on the prevention of H2O2- and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons and may be a powerful tool for dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying Aβ neurotoxicity.
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160
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Wu Y, Shamoto-Nagai M, Maruyama W, Osawa T, Naoi M. Phytochemicals prevent mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and protect SH-SY5Y cells against apoptosis induced by PK11195, a ligand for outer membrane translocator protein. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 124:89-98. [PMID: 27640013 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies present the beneficial effects of dietary habits on prevention of aging-associated decline of brain function. Phytochemicals, the second metabolites of food, protect neuronal cells from cell death in cellular models of neurodegenerative disorders, and the neuroprotective activity has been ascribed to the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. In this paper, the cellular mechanism of neuroprotection by phytochemicals was investigated, using the cellular model of mitochondrial apoptosis induced by PK11195, a ligand of outer membrane translocator protein, in SH-SY5Y cells. PK11195 induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization with rapid transit production of superoxide (superoxide flashes) and calcium release from mitochondria, and activated apoptosis signal pathway. Study on the structure-activity relationship of astaxanthin, ferulic acid derivatives, and sesame lignans revealed that these phytochemicals inhibited mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and protected cells from apoptosis. Ferulic acid derivatives and sesame lignans inhibited or enhanced the mitochondrial pore formation and cell death by PK11195 according to their amphiphilic properties, not directly depending on the antioxidant activity. Regulation of pore formation at mitochondrial membrane is discussed as a novel mechanism behind neuroprotective activity of phytochemicals in aging and age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, and also behind dual functions of phytochemicals in neuronal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Wu
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Osawa
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
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161
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Balez R, Steiner N, Engel M, Muñoz SS, Lum JS, Wu Y, Wang D, Vallotton P, Sachdev P, O’Connor M, Sidhu K, Münch G, Ooi L. Neuroprotective effects of apigenin against inflammation, neuronal excitability and apoptosis in an induced pluripotent stem cell model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31450. [PMID: 27514990 PMCID: PMC4981845 DOI: 10.1038/srep31450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, yet current therapeutic treatments are inadequate due to a complex disease pathogenesis. The plant polyphenol apigenin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in a number of cell and animal models; however a comprehensive assessment has not been performed in a human model of AD. Here we have used a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of familial and sporadic AD, in addition to healthy controls, to assess the neuroprotective activity of apigenin. The iPSC-derived AD neurons demonstrated a hyper-excitable calcium signalling phenotype, elevated levels of nitrite, increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis, reduced neurite length and increased susceptibility to inflammatory stress challenge from activated murine microglia, in comparison to control neurons. We identified that apigenin has potent anti-inflammatory properties with the ability to protect neurites and cell viability by promoting a global down-regulation of cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) release in inflammatory cells. In addition, we show that apigenin is able to protect iPSC-derived AD neurons via multiple means by reducing the frequency of spontaneous Ca(2+) signals and significantly reducing caspase-3/7 mediated apoptosis. These data demonstrate the broad neuroprotective action of apigenin against AD pathogenesis in a human disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Balez
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Nicole Steiner
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin Engel
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Sonia Sanz Muñoz
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Jeremy Stephen Lum
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Yizhen Wu
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dadong Wang
- CSIRO Informatics and Statistics, Locked Bag 17, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Pascal Vallotton
- CSIRO Informatics and Statistics, Locked Bag 17, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Kensington,. NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Michael O’Connor
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Kuldip Sidhu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Kensington,. NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Centre of Complementary Medicine Research (CompleMed), Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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162
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Molino S, Dossena M, Buonocore D, Ferrari F, Venturini L, Ricevuti G, Verri M. Polyphenols in dementia: From molecular basis to clinical trials. Life Sci 2016; 161:69-77. [PMID: 27493077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is common in the elderly, but there are currently no effective therapies available to prevent or treat this syndrome. In the last decade, polyphenols (particularly curcumin, resveratrol and tea catechins) have been under very close scrutiny as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, inflammatory diseases and aging. Data were collected from Web of Science (ISI Web of Knowledge), Pubmed and Medline (from 2000 to 2015), by searching for the keywords "dementia" AND "curcumin", "resveratrol", "EGCG", "tea catechins". The same keywords were used to investigate the current state of clinical trials recorded in the NIH clinicaltrials.gov registry. Starting from the intrinsic properties of the compounds, we explain their specific action in patients with AD and the most common types of dementia. The pharmacological actions of curcumin, resveratrol and tea catechins have mainly been attributed to their antioxidant activity, interaction with cell signaling pathways, anti-inflammatory effect, chelation of metal ions, and neuroprotection. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on polyphenols have demonstrated that they may play an integral role in preventing and treating diseases associated with neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we critically analyze the clinical trials that we found, which investigate the real pharmacological actions and the possible side effects of these compounds. This review highlights the potential role of polyphenols in the prevention/treatment of dementia and describes the current limitations of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Molino
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Letizia Venturini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Divisione di Geriatria - ASP - IDR S. Margherita - Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Emilia, 12-27100, Pavia, (PV), Italy
| | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Divisione di Geriatria - ASP - IDR S. Margherita - Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Emilia, 12-27100, Pavia, (PV), Italy
| | - Manuela Verri
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy.
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Mahmoodabadi N, Ajloo D. QSAR, docking, and Molecular dynamic studies on the polyphenolic as inhibitors of β-amyloid aggregation. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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164
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Ademosun AO, Oboh G, Bello F, Ayeni PO. Antioxidative Properties and Effect of Quercetin and Its Glycosylated Form (Rutin) on Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Activities. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2016; 21:NP11-7. [DOI: 10.1177/2156587215610032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the anticholinesterase and antioxidative properties of quercetin and its glycosylated conjugate, rutin. The in vitro inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities, inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in rat’s brain homogenates, radicals scavenging, and Fe2+-chelating abilities of the flavonoids were investigated in vitro with concentrations of the samples ranging from 0.06 to 0.6 mM. Quercetin had significantly higher AChE and BChE inhibitory abilities than rutin. Quercetin also had stronger inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in rat’s brain homogenates. Similarly, quercetin had higher radical scavenging abilities than rutin. Quercetin also had stronger Fe2+-chelating ability than rutin. The inhibition of cholinesterases and antioxidative properties are possible mechanisms by which the flavonoids can be used in the management of oxidative stress–induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Fatai Bello
- Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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165
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Bilal S, Khan AL, Waqas M, Shahzad R, Kim ID, Lee IJ, Shin DH. Biochemical Constituents and in Vitro Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential of Seeds from Native Korean Persimmon Genotypes. Molecules 2016; 21:E893. [PMID: 27399664 PMCID: PMC6274387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the functional and biochemical potential of the seeds of four persimmon cultivars (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) and their role against oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were evaluated. In terms of biochemical compositions, free amino acids, fatty acids and organic acids analysis was performed. The free amino acids ranged from 2617.31 (PC2) to 3773.01 μg∙g(-1) dry weight (PC4). Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the principal fatty acids, which were significantly higher in PC4 and PC1, respectively. PC4 presented the highest amount of organic acid content (4212 mg∙kg(-1)), whereas PC2 presented the lowest (2498 mg∙kg(-1)). PC2 contained higher total phenolic content and flavonoid content, whereas PC3 had the lowest amount as compared to other cultivars. The in vitro DPPH, ABTS and superoxide anion radicals scavenging activity increased in a dose-dependent manner, whereas PC2 showed significantly higher scavenging activities as compared to PC1, PC2 and PC4 types. In the case of AChE inhibition, PC4 showed a moderate activity (67.34% ± 1.8%). In conclusion, the current findings reveal that the studied persimmon seeds cultivars are a source of bioactive natural antioxidants and AChE inhibitors. Such natural products could be employed in pharmaceutical and food industries, whilst can also be considered for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bilal
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Raheem Shahzad
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- International Institute of Agriculture Research & Development, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Shin
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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Nikolova G, Karamalakova Y, Kovacheva N, Stanev S, Zheleva A, Gadjeva V. Protective effect of two essential oils isolated from Rosa damascena Mill. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and two classic antioxidants against L-dopa oxidative toxicity induced in healthy mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:1-7. [PMID: 27381452 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa (L-dopa) is a "gold standard" and most effective symptomatic agent in the Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. The several treatments have been developed in an attempt to improve PD treatment, but most patients were still levodopa dependent. The issue of toxicity was raised in vitro studies, and suggests that L-dopa can be toxic to dopaminergic neurons, but it is not yet entirely proven. L-dopa prolonged treatment is associated with motor complications and some limitations. Combining the L-dopa therapy with antioxidants can reduce related sideeffects and provide symptomatic relief. The natural antioxidants can be isolated from any plant parts such as seeds, leaves, roots, bark, etc., and their extracts riched in phenols can retard the oxidative degradation of the lipids, proteins and DNA. Thus, study suggests that combination of essential oils (Rose oil and Lavender oil), Vitamin C and Trolox with Ldopa can reduce oxidative toxicity, and may play a key role in ROS/RNS disarm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nikolova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Natasha Kovacheva
- Agricultural Academy, Institute of Roses and Aromatic Plants, Kazanluk, Bulgaria
| | - Stanko Stanev
- Agricultural Academy, Institute of Roses and Aromatic Plants, Kazanluk, Bulgaria
| | - Antoaneta Zheleva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
| | - Veselina Gadjeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Harwansh RK, Mukherjee PK, Kar A, Bahadur S, Al-Dhabi NA, Duraipandiyan V. Enhancement of photoprotection potential of catechin loaded nanoemulsion gel against UVA induced oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 160:318-29. [PMID: 27167597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to develop a catechin (CA) loaded nanoemulsion based nano-gel for the protection of skin against ultraviolet radiation (UV) induced photo-damage and to ensure its enhanced skin permeability as well as bioavailability through transdermal route. The optimized nanoemulsion (CA-NE4) was prepared by spontaneous nano-emulsification method. It was composed of oil (ethyl oleate), Smix [surfactant (span 80) and co-surfactant (transcutol CG)] and aqueous system in an appropriate ratio of 15:62:23% w/w respectively. The CA-NE4 was characterized through assessment of droplet size, zeta potential, refractive index, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The average droplet size and zeta potential of CA-NE4 were found to be 98.6±1.01nm and -27.3±0.20mV respectively. The enhanced skin permeability was better with CA-NE4 based nano-gel (CA-NG4) [96.62%] compared to conventional gel (CA-CG) [53.01%] for a period of 24h. The enhanced % relative bioavailability (F) of CA (894.73), Cmax (93.79±6.19ngmL(-1)), AUC0-t∞ (2653.99±515.02nghmL(-1)) and Tmax (12.05±0.02h) was significantly obtained with CA-NG4 as compared to oral suspension for extended periods (72h). CA-NG4 could improve the level of cutaneous antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) and reduce the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBRAS) against oxidative stress induced by UVA. Nano-gel formulation of CA showed sustained release profile and enhanced photoprotection potential due to its improved permeability as well as bioavailability (P<0.05) compared to the conventional gel. Therefore, transdermal administration of nano-gel (CA-NG4) of CA offers a better way to develop the endogenous cutaneous protection system and thus could be an effective strategy for decreasing UV-induced oxidative damage in the skin tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit K Harwansh
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Amit Kar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Shiv Bahadur
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - V Duraipandiyan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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168
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Lee AY, Hwang BR, Lee MH, Lee S, Cho EJ. Perilla frutescens var. japonica and rosmarinic acid improve amyloid-β25-35 induced impairment of cognition and memory function. Nutr Res Pract 2016; 10:274-81. [PMID: 27247723 PMCID: PMC4880726 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.3.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plays a key role in cognitive dysfunction. Perilla frutescens var. japonica extract (PFE) and its major compound, rosmarinic acid (RA), have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated whether administration of PFE and RA contributes to cognitive improvement in an Aβ25-35-injected mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS Male ICR mice were intracerebroventricularly injected with aggregated Aβ25-35 to induce AD. Aβ25-35-injected mice were fed PFE (50 mg/kg/day) or RA (0.25 mg/kg/day) for 14 days and examined for learning and memory ability through the T-maze, object recognition, and Morris water maze test. RESULTS Our present study demonstrated that PFE and RA administration significantly enhanced cognition function and object discrimination, which were impaired by Aβ25-35, in the T-maze and object recognition tests, respectively. In addition, oral administration of PFE and RA decreased the time to reach the platform and increased the number of crossings over the removed platform when compared with the Aβ25-35-induced control group in the Morris water maze test. Furthermore, PFE and RA significantly decreased the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain, kidney, and liver. In particular, PFE markedly attenuated oxidative stress by inhibiting production of NO and MDA in the Aβ25-35-injected mouse brain. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PFE and its active compound RA have beneficial effects on cognitive improvement and may help prevent AD induced by Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Bo Ra Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Myoung Hee Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Gyeongnam 50424, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
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169
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Zhang Y, He Q, Dong J, Jia Z, Hao F, Shan C. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on proliferation and differentiation of mouse cochlear neural stem cells: Involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 88:267-73. [PMID: 27012759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the majority of hearing impaired patients suffer from the significant loss of sensory hair cells and associated neurons, stem cell-based approaches hold great promise by replacing the damaged tissues in the ears. For instance, stem cells from the spiral ganglion could be isolated and expanded to regenerate neural structures of the inner ear. It is thus necessary to explore the potential procedures that may promote the proliferation and differentiation of such cochlear neural stem cells. In the present study, we study the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a known antioxidant, for potential therapeutic use in NSC regeneration. At a non-toxic concentration, EGCG stimulated both proliferation and neurosphere formation in isolated mouse cochlear neural stem cell (NSC) in vitro. Specifically, the neural differentiation of NSC was promoted by EGCG treatment. The up-regulated neural function by EGCG was also supported by the increased calcium spike frequencies and enhanced neurite complexity in NSC-differentiated neurons. Finally, the induced neuron differentiation and Akt activation of cochlear NSC by EGCG were blocked by PI3 kinase inhibition. These data suggested that EGCG acts through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in cochlea NSC to promote cell growth and neuron differentiation, which may be exploited for the treatment of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Zhang
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China
| | - Qiang He
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China
| | - Jinhui Dong
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China
| | - Zhanwei Jia
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China
| | - Fang Hao
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China
| | - Chunguang Shan
- E.N.T. Department 1, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 50000, China.
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Yu SH, Yu JM, Yoo HJ, Lee SJ, Kang DH, Cho YJ, Kim DM. Anti-Proliferative Effects of Rutin on OLETF Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Stimulated by Glucose Variability. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:373-81. [PMID: 26847289 PMCID: PMC4740529 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.2.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Rutin is a major representative of the flavonol subclass of flavonoids and has various pharmacological activities. Currently, data are lacking regarding its effects on VSMC proliferation induced by intermittent hyperglycemia. Here, we demonstrate the effects of rutin on VSMC proliferation and migration according to fluctuating glucose levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary cultures of male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat VSMCs were obtained from enzymatically dissociated rat thoracic aortas. VSMCs were incubated for 72 h with alternating normal (5.5 mmol/L) and high (25.0 mmol/L) glucose media every 12 h. Proliferation and migration of VSMCs, the proliferative molecular pathway [including p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), p38 MAPK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and Akt], the migratory pathway (big MAPK 1, BMK1), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptotic pathway were analyzed. RESULTS We found enhanced proliferation and migration of VSMCs when cells were incubated in intermittent high glucose conditions, compared to normal glucose. These effects were lowered upon rutin treatment. Intermittent treatment with high glucose for 72 h increased the expression of phospho-p44/42 MAPK (extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, ERK1/2), phospho-MEK1/2, phospho-PI3K, phospho-NF-κB, phospho-BMK1, and ROS, compared to treatment with normal glucose. These effects were suppressed by rutin. Phospho-p38 MAPK, phospho-Akt, JNK, and apoptotic pathways [B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-xL, Bcl-2, phospho-Bad, and caspase-3] were not affected by fluctuations in glucose levels. CONCLUSION Fluctuating glucose levels increased proliferation and migration of OLETF rat VSMCs via MAPK (ERK1/2), BMK1, PI3K, and NF-κB pathways. These effects were inhibited by the antioxidant rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myung Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Huang DS, Lin HY, Lee-Chen GJ, Hsieh-Li HM, Wu CH, Lin JY. Treatment with a Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, inhibits excitotoxicity in an animal model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:723-31. [PMID: 26937174 PMCID: PMC4762588 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s98156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA 17) is a polyglutamine disease caused by the expansion of CAG/CAA repeats in the TATA box-binding protein (TBP) gene. The Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, contains flavonoids and terpenoids with a potential use for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The neuroprotective effects of EGb 761 are obvious, but whether the EGb 761 has therapeutic effects in SCA 17 is still unclear. To manage our issues, we have generated TBP/79Q-expressing SH-SY5Y cells and SCA 17 transgenic mice with the mutant hTBP gene. In in vitro experiment, we observed that the EGb 761 treatment decreased the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble proteins in the TBP/79Q-expressing SH-SY5Y cells. We further found that the EGb 761 treatment could inhibit excitotoxicity and calcium influx and reduce the expression of apoptotic markers in glutamate-treated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In in vivo experiment, we observed that the EGb 761 treatment (100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection per day) could relieve the motor deficiencies of the SCA 17 transgenic mice. Our findings provide evidence that the EGb 761 treatment can be a remedy for SCA 17 via suppressing excitotoxicity and apoptosis in SCA 17 cell and animal models. Therefore, we suggest that EGb 761 may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating SCA 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Siang Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsuan-Yuan Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiu-Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Hsin Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jung-Yaw Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Bensalem J, Dal-Pan A, Gillard E, Calon F, Pallet V. Protective effects of berry polyphenols against age-related cognitive impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/nua-150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bensalem
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Activ’Inside, 33500 Libourne, France
| | - Alexandre Dal-Pan
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Gillard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Thapa A, Jett SD, Chi EY. Curcumin Attenuates Amyloid-β Aggregate Toxicity and Modulates Amyloid-β Aggregation Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:56-68. [PMID: 26529184 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal misfolding and aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides into β-sheet enriched insoluble deposits initiates a cascade of events leading to pathological processes and culminating in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, soluble oligomeric/prefibrillar Aβ have been shown to be potent neurotoxins. The naturally occurring polyphenol curcumin has been shown to exert a neuroprotective effect against age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. However, its protective mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on the aggregation of Aβ40 as well as Aβ40 aggregate induced neurotoxicity. Our results show that the curcumin does not inhibit Aβ fibril formation, but rather enriches the population of "off-pathway" soluble oligomers and prefibrillar aggregates that were nontoxic. Curcumin also exerted a nonspecific neuroprotective effect, reducing toxicities induced by a range of Aβ conformers, including monomeric, oligomeric, prefibrillar, and fibrillar Aβ. The neuroprotective effect is possibly membrane-mediated, as curcumin reduced the extent of cell membrane permeabilization induced by Aβ aggregates. Taken together, our study shows that curcumin exerts its neuroprotective effect against Aβ induced toxicity through at least two concerted pathways, modifying the Aβ aggregation pathway toward the formation of nontoxic aggregates and ameliorating Aβ-induced toxicity possibly through a nonspecific pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Thapa
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering
and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, and ‡Department of Cell Biology
and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Stephen D. Jett
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering
and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, and ‡Department of Cell Biology
and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering
and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, and ‡Department of Cell Biology
and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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174
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Thenmozhi AJ, Manivasagam T, Essa MM. Role of Plant Polyphenols in Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 12:153-71. [PMID: 27651253 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by notable memory loss, cognitive impairment, and personality disorders accompanied with structural abnormalities in the brain of aged population. Currently approved drugs for AD offer symptomatic relief without preventing the progression of the disease and having limited efficacy. Many experiments and clinical trials have shown that the traditional herbal medicine, which has multiple targets, could provide effective treatment of AD. Increasing evidence suggests that the plant derived polyphenols plays a key role in improving cognitive functions and preventing/delaying the onset of certain neurodegenerative diseases including AD. Although several biological effects based on experimental studies could be scientifically explained, the way to bring natural polyphenols into routine clinical application against neurodegeneration seems to be long, because of its low average daily intake, poor availability and few adverse effects. So the better knowledge about intestinal absorption, excretion, intestinal and hepatic metabolism, plasma kinetics, the nature of circulating metabolites, transport, cellular uptake, intracellular metabolism, and accumulation in tissues including brain will facilitate current scientific understanding and offer great hope for the prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arokiasamy Justin Thenmozhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Thamilarasan Manivasagam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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175
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Urrutia M, Schwab W, Hoffmann T, Monfort A. Genetic dissection of the (poly)phenol profile of diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) fruits using a NIL collection. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 242:151-168. [PMID: 26566833 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) has been recognized as a model species for applied research of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) that is one of the most economically important crops. Berries, particularly strawberries, are known for their high antioxidant capacity due to a high concentration of (poly) phenolic compounds. Studies have already characterized the phenolic composition of fruits from sets of cultivated strawberries but the quantification of phenolics in a Fragaria mapping population has not been reported, yet. The metabolite profiling of a F. vesca near isogenic line (NIL) collection by LC-MS allowed the unambiguous identification of 22 (poly)-phenols, including anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and ellagic acid in the diploid strawberry fruit. The variability in the collection revealed that the genetic factor was more decisive than the environmental factor for the accumulation of 18 of the 24 compounds. Genotyping the NIL collection with the Axiom® IStraw90® SNPs array, we were able to map 76 stable QTLs controlling accumulation of the (poly)-phenolic compounds. They provide a powerful new tool to characterise candidate genes to increase the antioxidant capacity of fruits and produce healthier strawberries for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Urrutia
- IRTA, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Amparo Monfort
- IRTA, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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176
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Salleh WMNHW, Ahmad F, Yen KH, Zulkifli RM. Anticholinesterase and Anti-inflammatory Constituents fromBeilschmiedia pulverulentaKosterm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2016.22.4.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farediah Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University, Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Khong Heng Yen
- School of Chemistry and Environment Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Jalan Meranek, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Razauden Mohamed Zulkifli
- Department of Bioscience and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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177
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178
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Nemec MJ, Kim H, Marciante AB, Barnes RC, Talcott ST, Mertens-Talcott SU. Pyrogallol, an absorbable microbial gallotannins-metabolite and mango polyphenols (Mangifera Indica L.) suppress breast cancer ductal carcinoma in situ proliferation in vitro. Food Funct 2016; 7:3825-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00636a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mango polyphenols and pyrogallol, a microbial gallotannin-metabolite have an anti-proliferative effect in anin situbreast cancer cell, MCF10DCIS.COM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Nemec
- Interdisciplinary Program of Toxicology
- Texas A&M University
- College station
- USA
| | - Hyemee Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- Texas A&M University
- College station
- USA
| | | | - Ryan C. Barnes
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- Texas A&M University
- College station
- USA
| | - Stephen T. Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- Texas A&M University
- College station
- USA
| | - Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott
- Interdisciplinary Program of Toxicology
- Texas A&M University
- College station
- USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
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179
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Xu L, Tu S, Chen C, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhou P. Effect of EGCG On Fe(III)-induced conformational transition of silk fibroin, a model of protein related to neurodegenerative diseases. Biopolymers 2015; 105:100-107. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Xu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sidong Tu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Congheng Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medicine; St Vincent's Hospital, the University of Melbourne; Fitzroy Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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180
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Propensity of Hyoscyamus niger seeds methanolic extract to allay stereotaxically rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease symptoms in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-015-0202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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181
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Biflavonoids as Potential Small Molecule Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 863:55-77. [PMID: 26092626 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring phytochemicals found in a variety of fruits and vegetables and offer color, flavor, aroma, nutritional and health benefits. Flavonoids have been found to play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting and/or modifying the self-assembly of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into oligomers and fibrils, which are linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The neuroprotective efficacy of flavonoids has been found to strongly depend on their structure and functional groups. Flavonoids may exist in monomeric, as well as di-, tri-, tetra- or polymeric form through C-C or C-O-C linkages. It has been shown that flavonoids containing two or more units, e.g., biflavonoids, exert greater biological activity than their respective monoflavonoids. For instance, biflavonoids have the ability to distinctly alter Aβ aggregation and more effectively reduce the toxicity of Aβ oligomers compared to the monoflavonoid moieties. Although the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, flavonoids have been shown to alter the Aβ aggregation pathway to yield non-toxic, unstructured Aβ aggregates, as well as directly exerting a neuroprotective effect to cells. In this chapter, we review biflavonoid-mediated Aβ aggregation and toxicity, and highlight the beneficial roles biflavonoids can potentially play in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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182
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Berberine and neurodegeneration: A review of literature. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:970-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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183
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Shariatizi S, Meratan AA, Ghasemi A, Nemat-Gorgani M. Inhibition of amyloid fibrillation and cytotoxicity of lysozyme fibrillation products by polyphenols. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:95-106. [PMID: 26102331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies conducted under in vitro and in vivo conditions, have concluded that polyphenols, compounds frequently occurring in many herbs with antioxidant properties, prevent and reverse amyloid fibril formation. However, the mechanisms by which these natural products modulate the protein aggregation process are poorly understood. Herein, a range of techniques including thioflavin T (ThT) and ANS fluorescence assays, electron microscopy and circular dichroism have been employed to determine the efficacy of rosmarinic acid (RA) and resveratrol (Res) on the inhibition/reversion of fibrillogenesis and hindering cytotoxicity induced by protofibrils and amyloid fibrils of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Results demonstrated that both polyphenols effectively inhibit fibrillogenesis and destabilize preformed fibrils of HEWL in a concentration-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity protection on PC12 cells was also observed using the MTT assay, ROS production assay, and phase-contrast microscopy. It is suggested that the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of RA and Res is to prevent hydrophobic interactions between HEWL amyloidogenic prefibrillar species, although additional studies is needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms involved. A combination of antioxidative and anti-amyloidogenic properties of these molecules may provide them with the described neuroprotective capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Shariatizi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biotechnology, Ramin University of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Khouzestan, Iran.
| | - Atiyeh Ghasemi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
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184
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Effects of an antioxidant beverage on biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2105-16. [PMID: 26298312 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to test whether daily consumption of a beverage with high antioxidant power, combining extracts of green tea and apple over a period of 8 months, would affect blood and urinary concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients. METHODS The study included 100 subjects, 48 of them were Alzheimer's patients, aged 76.5 ± 3.5 years, and 52 were control subjects, aged 79 ± 4 years, without dementia. Three blood and urine samples were taken from each participant, the first (T i) before starting the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, the second (T m) 4 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake and the third (T f) 8 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, and concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured on serum, lysed erythrocytes or urine by UV-Vis spectrophotometry or by competitive in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, according to the parameter analyzed. RESULTS The administration of the antioxidant beverage to the Alzheimer's patients prevented the decrease in total antioxidant status in the moderate phase of the disease (T i = 1.40 ± 0.10 mmol/L vs T f = 1.20 ± 0.08 mmol/L), increased values of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in initial (165 and 24 % respectively) and moderate phase (75 and 85 % respectively), and prevented the increase in protein carbonyls in moderate phase (T i = 0.17 ± 0.07 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein), with a significant decrease in protein carbonyls since the fourth month of the intake in initial phase (T m = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.11 ± 0.05 nmol/mg protein). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that antioxidant beverage could be used as a natural complementary therapy for alleviate or decrease the oxidative stress effects in the stages of Alzheimer's disease.
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185
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Michalska A, Łysiak G. Bioactive Compounds of Blueberries: Post-Harvest Factors Influencing the Nutritional Value of Products. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18642-63. [PMID: 26266408 PMCID: PMC4581264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberries, besides having commonly-recognized taste properties, are also a valuable source of health-promoting bioactive compounds. For several decades, blueberries have gained in popularity all over the world, and recent years have seen not only an increase in fresh consumption, but also in the importance of blueberries for the processing industry. Blueberry processing mostly consists of freezing and juicing. Recently, more attention has been drawn to dewatering and drying, which are promising areas for developing novel blueberry products. Processing affects each biologically-active compound in a different way, and it is still unknown what changes those compounds undergo at the molecular level after the application of different processing technologies. This work presents the most recent state of knowledge about the pre-treatment and processing methods applied to blueberries and their influence on the content of biologically-active compounds. The presentation of methods is preceded by a brief overview of the characteristics of the blueberry species, a description of the chemical composition of the fruit and a short note about the main growing areas, production volumes and the management of fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Michalska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Food Science, Str. Tuwima 10, Olsztyn 10-748, Poland.
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Str. Chelmonskiego 37a, Wroclaw 51-630, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Łysiak
- Department of Pomology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Str. Dąbrowskiego 159, Poznań 60-594, Poland.
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186
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Studies on the In Vitro Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activities Associated with Chrysanthemum coronarium Essential Oil. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:790838. [PMID: 26290675 PMCID: PMC4531194 DOI: 10.1155/2015/790838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil of the Jordanian Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (garland) was isolated by hydrodistillation from dried flowerheads material. The oil was essayed for its in vitro scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results demonstrate that the oil exhibits moderate radical scavenging activity relative to the strong antioxidant ascorbic acid. In addition, cholinesterase inhibitory activity of C. coronarium essential oil was evaluated for the first time. Applying Ellman's colorimetric method, interesting cholinesterase inhibitory activity, which is not dose dependent, was evident for the oil. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities of the oil against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were evaluated. While it fails to inhibit Gram-negative bacteria growth, the antibacterial effects demonstrated by the oil were more pronounced against the Gram-positive strains. Moreover, the examined oil was assessed for its in vitro antiproliferative properties where it demonstrated variable activities towards different human cancer cell lines, of which the colon cancer was the most sensitive to the oil treatment.
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187
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Morara S, Colangelo AM, Provini L. Microglia-Induced Maladaptive Plasticity Can Be Modulated by Neuropeptides In Vivo. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:135342. [PMID: 26273481 PMCID: PMC4529944 DOI: 10.1155/2015/135342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia-induced maladaptive plasticity is being recognized as a major cause of deleterious self-sustaining pathological processes that occur in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. Microglia, the primary homeostatic guardian of the central nervous system, exert critical functions both during development, in neural circuit reshaping, and during adult life, in the brain physiological and pathological surveillance. This delicate critical role can be disrupted by neural, but also peripheral, noxious stimuli that can prime microglia to become overreactive to a second noxious stimulus or worsen underlying pathological processes. Among regulators of microglia, neuropeptides can play a major role. Their receptors are widely expressed in microglial cells and neuropeptide challenge can potently influence microglial activity in vitro. More relevantly, this regulator activity has been assessed also in vivo, in experimental models of brain diseases. Neuropeptide action in the central nervous system has been associated with beneficial effects in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathological experimental models. This review describes some of the mechanisms of the microglia maladaptive plasticity in vivo and how neuropeptide activity can represent a useful therapeutical target in a variety of human brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Morara
- Neuroscience Institute (CNR), Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
- Department of BIOMETRA, University of Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Colangelo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience “R. Levi-Montalcini”, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
- SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
- NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano Provini
- Department of BIOMETRA, University of Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
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188
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Gao B, Chang C, Zhou J, Zhao T, Wang C, Li C, Gao G. Pycnogenol Protects Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells Through Regulating NF-κB-iNOS Signaling Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2015. [PMID: 26203556 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neurons degeneration and oxidative damage may underlie this process. However, there are still no efficient drugs to cure the disease. Pycnogenol (PYC) isolated from the procyanidin-rich French maritime pine (Pinus maritime) bark has shown various antioxidant activities in previous studies. In this study, we explored its effect against rotenone (Rot)-induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms in PC12 cells. Using Rot-induced cell model of PD, we found that PYC treatment significantly increased cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis in Rot-treated PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, data showed that PYC markedly reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-nitric oxide (NO) signaling in Rot-treated PC12 cells. Pretreatment with the iNOS-specific inhibitor significantly attenuated Rot-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, PYC was found to be capable of reducing Rot-induced NF-κB activation. Blocking NF-κB signaling with its inhibitor mimicked the biological effect of PYC on Rot-induced iNOS and NO expression levels, as well as neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, suggesting that the NF-κB-iNOS signaling pathway was likely to participate in the PYC-mediated protective progress. Our results suggest that PYC protects against Rot-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, and the mechanism may be associated with the downregulation of NF-κB-iNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongwang Chang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou Military Region General Hospital , Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhi Zhao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Gao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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189
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Neuroprotection by Cocktails of Dietary Antioxidants under Conditions of Nerve Growth Factor Deprivation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:217258. [PMID: 26236423 PMCID: PMC4510258 DOI: 10.1155/2015/217258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dietary antioxidants may be useful in counteracting the chronic inflammatory status in neurodegenerative diseases by reducing oxidative stress due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we newly described the efficacy of a number of dietary antioxidants (polyphenols, carotenoids, thiolic compounds, and oligoelements) on viability of neuronal PC12 cells following Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) deprivation, a model of age-related decrease of neurotrophic support that triggers neuronal loss. Neuroprotection by antioxidants during NGF deprivation for 24 h was largely dependent on their concentrations: all dietary antioxidants were able to efficiently support cell viability by reducing ROS levels and restoring mitochondrial function, while preserving the neuronal morphology. Moreover, ROS reduction and neuroprotection during NGF withdrawal were also achieved with defined cocktails of 3-6 different antioxidants at concentrations 5-60 times lower than those used in single treatments, suggesting that their antioxidant activity was preserved also at very low concentrations. Overall, these data indicate the beneficial effects of antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by decreased NGF availability and suggest that defined cocktails of dietary factors at low concentrations might be a suitable strategy to reduce oxidative damage in neurodegenerative diseases, while limiting possible side effects.
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190
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Neuroprotective Effect of Brassica oleracea Sprouts Crude Juice in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:781938. [PMID: 26180595 PMCID: PMC4477226 DOI: 10.1155/2015/781938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) aberrant production and aggregation are major factors implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing neuronal death via oxidative stress. Several studies have highlighted the importance of polyphenolic antioxidant compounds in the treatment of AD, but complex food matrices, characterized by a different relative content of these phytochemicals, have been neglected. In the present study, we analyzed the protective effect on SH-SY5Y cells treated with the fragment Aβ 25-35 by two crude juices of broccoli sprouts containing different amounts of phenolic compounds as a result of different growth conditions. Both juices protected against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and apoptotic cell death as evidenced by cell viability, nuclear chromatin condensation, and apoptotic body formation measurements. These effects were mediated by the modulation of the mitochondrial function and of the HSP70 gene transcription and expression. Furthermore, the juices upregulated the intracellular glutathione content and mRNA levels or activity of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1, thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 via activation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Although the effects of the two juices were similar, the juice enriched in phenolic compounds showed a greater efficacy in inducing the activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway.
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191
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Psychiatric Disorders and Polyphenols: Can They Be Helpful in Therapy? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:248529. [PMID: 26180581 PMCID: PMC4477218 DOI: 10.1155/2015/248529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders permanently increases. Polyphenolic compounds can be involved in modulation of mental health including brain plasticity, behaviour, mood, depression, and cognition. In addition to their antioxidant ability other biomodulating properties have been observed. In the pathogenesis of depression disturbance in neurotransmitters, increased inflammatory processes, defects in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and redox imbalance are observed. Ginkgo biloba, green tea, and Quercus robur extracts and curcumin can affect neuronal system in depressive patients. ADHD patients treated with antipsychotic drugs, especially stimulants, report significant adverse effects; therefore, an alternative treatment is searched for. An extract from Ginkgo biloba and from Pinus pinaster bark, Pycnogenol, could become promising complementary supplements in ADHD treatment. Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder, with oxidative stress involved in its pathophysiology. The direct interference of polyphenols with schizophrenia pathophysiology has not been reported yet. However, increased oxidative stress caused by haloperidol was inhibited ex vivo by different polyphenols. Curcumin, extract from green tea and from Ginkgo biloba, may have benefits on serious side effects associated with administration of neuroleptics to patients suffering from schizophrenia. Polyphenols in the diet have the potential to become medicaments in the field of mental health after a thorough study of their mechanism of action.
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192
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Oz M, Nurullahoglu Atalik KE, Yerlikaya FH, Demir EA. Curcumin alleviates cisplatin-induced learning and memory impairments. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 123:43-9. [PMID: 25982942 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study has been designed to investigate the role of curcumin on cisplatin-inducedcognitive impairment and to reveal mechanisms of cisplatin's detrimental actions on cognition in rats. Animals were treated with cisplatin (5mg/kg/week) and/or curcumin (300mg/kg/day) for 5weeks. Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. Enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated from hippocampus and plasma samples, and malondialdehyde (MDA), which is the end-product of lipid peroxidation, was determined by a colorimetric method. Our results showed that cisplatin (5mg/kg/week, 5weeks) caused learning and memory deficits, elevated MDA content, decreased SOD activity in the hippocampus and plasma, and AChE activity in the hippocampus. Curcumin improved learning and memory in rats with administration of cisplatin. In addition, curcumin significantly reduced the level of MDA and increased the activities of SOD and AChE. Taken together, our findings indicate that curcumin ameliorates cisplatin-induced spatial learning and memory impairment, possibly through restored cholinergic function and enhanced oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Oz
- School of Health Services, Mevlana (Rumi) University, Konya, Turkey.
| | | | - F Humeyra Yerlikaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Meram Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Enver Ahmet Demir
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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193
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Dzoyem JP, Nkuete AHL, Ngameni B, Eloff JN. Anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activity of six flavonoids isolated from Polygonum and Dorstenia species. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 40:1129-1134. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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194
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195
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Rodríguez-Morató J, Xicota L, Fitó M, Farré M, Dierssen M, de la Torre R. Potential role of olive oil phenolic compounds in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules 2015; 20:4655-80. [PMID: 25781069 PMCID: PMC6272603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been associated with a reduced incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and better cognitive performance. Virgin olive oil, the main source of lipids in the MD, is rich in minor phenolic components, particularly hydroxytyrosol (HT). HT potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions have attracted researchers' attention and may contribute to neuroprotective effects credited to MD. In this review HT bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are presented prior to discussing health beneficial effects. In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects together with its multiple mechanisms of action are reviewed. Other microconstituents of olive oil are also considered due to their potential neuroprotective effects (oleocanthal, triterpenic acids). Finally, we discuss the potential role of HT as a therapeutic tool in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Rodríguez-Morató
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - Laura Xicota
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology Research Group, Center of Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Magí Farré
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology Research Group, Center of Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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196
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Ansari JA, Naz S, Tarar OM, Siddiqi R, Haider MS, Jamil K. Binding effect of proline-rich-proteins (PRPs) on in vitro antimicrobial activity of the flavonoids. Braz J Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26221106 PMCID: PMC4512062 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246120130280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the cyanidin, pelargonidin, catechin, myrecetin and kaempferol with casein and gelatin, as proline rich proteins (PRPs), was studied. The binding constants calculated for both flavonoid-casein and flavonoid-gelatin were fairly large (10
5
–10
7
M
−1
) indicating strong interaction. Due to higher proline content in gelatin, the binding constants of flavonoid-gelatin (2.5 × 10
5
–6.2 × 10
7
M
−1
) were found to be higher than flavonoid-casein (1.2 × 10
5
–5.0 × 10
7
M
−1
). All the flavonoids showed significant antibacterial activity against the tested strains. Significant loss in activity was observed due to the complexation with PRPs confirming that binding effectively reduced the concentration of the free flavonoids to be available for antibacterial activity. The decline in activity was corresponding to the values of the binding constants. Though the activities of free catechin and myrecetin were higher compared to pelargonidin, cyanidin and kaempferol yet the decline in activity of catechin and myrecetin due to complexation with casein and gelatin was more pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaad Ahmed Ansari
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahina Naz
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Omer Mukhtar Tarar
- Food Technology Section, Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rahmanullah Siddiqi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Samee Haider
- Food Technology Section, Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Jamil
- Food Technology Section, Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
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197
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Dietary factors in the etiology of Parkinson's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:672838. [PMID: 25688361 PMCID: PMC4320877 DOI: 10.1155/2015/672838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The majority of cases do not arise from purely genetic factors, implicating an important role of environmental factors in disease pathogenesis. Well-established environmental toxins important in PD include pesticides, herbicides, and heavy metals. However, many toxicants linked to PD and used in animal models are rarely encountered. In this context, other factors such as dietary components may represent daily exposures and have gained attention as disease modifiers. Several in vitro, in vivo, and human epidemiological studies have found a variety of dietary factors that modify PD risk. Here, we critically review findings on association between dietary factors, including vitamins, flavonoids, calorie intake, caffeine, alcohol, and metals consumed via food and fatty acids and PD. We have also discussed key data on heterocyclic amines that are produced in high-temperature cooked meat, which is a new emerging field in the assessment of dietary factors in neurological diseases. While more research is clearly needed, significant evidence exists that specific dietary factors can modify PD risk.
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198
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Wang C, Xu L, Cheng F, Wang H, Jia L. Curcumin induces structural change and reduces the growth of amyloid-β fibrils: a QCM-D study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin inhibited Aβ fibril growth through leading to the structural conversion of the growing fibril to a more loosely constructed aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conggang Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Hanqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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199
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Fernández-Fernández L, Esteban G, Giralt M, Valente T, Bolea I, Solé M, Sun P, Benítez S, Morelló JR, Reguant J, Ramírez B, Hidalgo J, Unzeta M. Catecholaminergic and cholinergic systems of mouse brain are modulated by LMN diet, rich in theobromine, polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Food Funct 2015; 6:1251-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
LMN diet could benefit the cognitive reserve reducing Alzheimer's disease risk.
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200
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Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Velez-Pardo C. Alzheimer’s Disease, Drosophila melanogaster and Polyphenols. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 863:21-53. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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