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Stallings-Smith S, Hamadi HY, Peterson BN, Apatu EJI, Spaulding AC. Smoke-Free Policies and 30-Day Readmission Rates for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Prev Med 2019; 57:621-628. [PMID: 31564604 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous evidence has shown that smoke-free policies reduce hospital admissions due to respiratory causes, but the impact on 30-day readmission has not been determined. As 25 states in the U.S. have not adopted comprehensive smoke-free legislation, it is likely that patients return to an environment that increases risk of a secondary event. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of smoke-free policies on 30-day readmission rates for adults aged ≥65 years following hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the U.S. METHODS Data from the U.S. Tobacco Control Laws Database, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program, American Hospital Association, Area Health Resource File, and U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey were merged at the county level for years 2013-2016 and analyzed in 2018. Hierarchical Poisson regression models were utilized to calculate incidence rate ratios to determine the impact of full, partial, and no smoke-free policies on 30-day readmission rates after chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalization. RESULTS Multivariable analysis adjusting for both county and hospital characteristics revealed that the presence of full (incidence rate ratio=0.81, 95% CI=0.76, 0.88) and partial (incidence rate ratio=0.87, 95% CI=0.81, 0.92) smoke-free policies were associated with fewer 30-day readmissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related hospitalizations when compared with counties with no smoke-free policy. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of smoke-free policies is an effective measure for reducing 30-day readmissions following hospitalization due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with stronger policies resulting in decreased risk. Efforts to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related 30-day readmissions should include the implementation of smoke-free policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sericea Stallings-Smith
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.
| | - Hanadi Y Hamadi
- Department of Health Administration, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Breck N Peterson
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Emma J I Apatu
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron C Spaulding
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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152
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Dikalov SI, Dikalova AE. Crosstalk Between Mitochondrial Hyperacetylation and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Dysfunction and Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:710-721. [PMID: 30618267 PMCID: PMC6708267 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Vascular dysfunction plays a key role in the development of arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and hypertension, which causes one-third of deaths worldwide. Vascular oxidative stress and metabolic disorders contribute to vascular dysfunction, leading to impaired vasorelaxation, vascular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and aortic stiffening. Mitochondria are critical in the regulation of metabolic and antioxidant functions; therefore, mitochondria-targeted treatments could be beneficial. Recent Advances: Vascular dysfunction is crucial in hypertension pathophysiology and exhibits bidirectional relationship. Metabolic disorders and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction and hypertension, which are associated with mitochondrial impairment and hyperacetylation. Mitochondrial deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is critical in the regulation of metabolic and antioxidant functions. Clinical studies show that cardiovascular disease risk factors reduce Sirt3 level and Sirt3 declines with age, paralleling the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. An imbalance between mitochondrial acetylation and reduced Sirt3 activity contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. We propose that mitochondrial hyperacetylation drives a vicious cycle between metabolic disorders and mitochondrial oxidative stress, promoting vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Critical Issues: The mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction are still obscure in human hypertension. Mitochondrial hyperacetylation and oxidative stress contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction; however, regulation of mitochondrial acetylation, the role of GCN5L1 (acetyl-CoA-binding protein promoting acetyltransferase protein acetylation) acetyltransferase, Sirt3 deacetylase, and acetylation of specific proteins require further investigations. Future Directions: There is an urgent need to define molecular mechanisms and the pathophysiological role of mitochondrial hyperacetylation, identify novel pharmacological targets, and develop therapeutic approaches to reduce this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Dikalov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna E Dikalova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Luo CM, Feng J, Zhang J, Gao C, Cao JY, Zhou GL, Jiang YJ, Jin XQ, Yang MS, Pan JY, Wang AL. 1,25-Vitamin D3 protects against cooking oil fumes-derived PM2.5-induced cell damage through its anti-inflammatory effects in cardiomyocytes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 179:249-256. [PMID: 31054378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The functional role of 1,25-vitamin D3 in cooking oil fumes (COFs)-derived PM2.5-induced cell damage is largely unexplored. The present study investigated the protective role of 1,25-vitamin D3 against cell injury by possible involvement of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes. Cell viability was measured using CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and Western blot in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes treated with 1,25-vitamin D3 and COFs-derived PM2.5. Expressions of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathway were measured by Western blot. The results suggested that treatment with COFs-derived PM2.5 significantly decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis and oxidative stress in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. 1,25-vitamin D3 pretreatment alleviated the cell injury by increasing cell viability and decreasing apoptosis in the cardiomyocytes. 1,25-vitamin D3 pretreatment also decreased the ROS level and inflammation in the cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, 1,25-vitamin D3 pretreatment alleviated COFs-derived PM2.5-evoked elevation of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our study showed that 1,25-vitamin D3 pretreatment protected cardiomyocytes from COFs-derived PM2.5-induced injury by decreasing ROS, apoptosis and inflammation level via activations of the JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, HeFei, Anhui, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Yu Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, HeFei, Anhui, China; The Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Gao-Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Jing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Meng-Si Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People Hospital of Hefei, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Ai-Ling Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, HeFei, Anhui, China.
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154
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Shi C, Jiao F, Gong Z. Mechanism of glycyrrhizin on ferroptosis during acute liver failure by inhibiting oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4081-4090. [PMID: 31545489 PMCID: PMC6797988 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anti‑ferroptosis effects of the HMGB1 inhibitor glycyrrhizin (GLY). The present study used a cell and animal model of acute liver failure (ALF), induced using tumor necrosis factor‑α, lipopolysaccharide and D‑galactosamine, to investigate the effects of GLY. The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) were detected were detected by western blotting in L02 hepatocytes and mouse liver. The expression of GPX4 and HMGB1 in L02 hepatocytes and mouse liver was detected by immunofluorescence. The pathological changes to liver tissues were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were tested using kits. Compared with the normal group, the degree of liver damage and liver function in the model animal group was severe. The protein levels of HMGB1 in L02 cells and liver tissues were significantly increased. The expression of NRF2, HO‑1 and GPX4 was significantly decreased. The levels of LDH, Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS were increased, whereas the level of GSH was decreased. Treatment with GLY reduced the degree of liver damage, the expression of HMGB1 was decreased, and the levels of Nrf2, HO‑1 and GPX4 were increased. The levels of LDH, Fe2+, MDA, ROS were decreased, while the level of GSH was increased by GLY treatment. The results of the present study indicated that HMGB1 is involved in the process of ferroptosis. The HMGB1 inhibitor GLY significantly reduced the degree of ferroptosis during ALF by inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fangzhou Jiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zuojiong Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Obese mice exposed to psychosocial stress display cardiac and hippocampal dysfunction associated with local brain-derived neurotrophic factor depletion. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:384-401. [PMID: 31492565 PMCID: PMC6796537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and psychosocial stress (PS) co-exist in individuals of Western society. Nevertheless, how PS impacts cardiac and hippocampal phenotype in obese subjects is still unknown. Nor is it clear whether changes in local brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) account, at least in part, for myocardial and behavioral abnormalities in obese experiencing PS. METHODS In adult male WT mice, obesity was induced via a high-fat diet (HFD). The resident-intruder paradigm was superimposed to trigger PS. In vivo left ventricular (LV) performance was evaluated by echocardiography and pressure-volume loops. Behaviour was indagated by elevated plus maze (EPM) and Y-maze. LV myocardium was assayed for apoptosis, fibrosis, vessel density and oxidative stress. Hippocampus was analyzed for volume, neurogenesis, GABAergic markers and astrogliosis. Cardiac and hippocampal BDNF and TrkB levels were measured by ELISA and WB. We investigated the pathogenetic role played by BDNF signaling in additional cardiac-selective TrkB (cTrkB) KO mice. FINDINGS When combined, obesity and PS jeopardized LV performance, causing prominent apoptosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress and remodeling of the larger coronary branches, along with lower BDNF and TrkB levels. HFD/PS weakened LV function similarly in WT and cTrkB KO mice. The latter exhibited elevated LV ROS emission already at baseline. Obesity/PS augmented anxiety-like behaviour and impaired spatial memory. These changes were coupled to reduced hippocampal volume, neurogenesis, local BDNF and TrkB content and augmented astrogliosis. INTERPRETATION PS and obesity synergistically deteriorate myocardial structure and function by depleting cardiac BDNF/TrkB content, leading to augmented oxidative stress. This comorbidity triggers behavioral deficits and induces hippocampal remodeling, potentially via lower BDNF and TrkB levels. FUND: J.A. was in part supported by Rotary Foundation Global Study Scholarship. G.K. was supported by T32 National Institute of Health (NIH) training grant under award number 1T32AG058527. S.C. was funded by American Heart Association Career Development Award (19CDA34760185). G.A.R.C. was funded by NIH (K01HL133368-01). APB was funded by a Grant from the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region entitled: "Heart failure as the Alzheimer disease of the heart; therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities". M.C. was supported by PRONAT project (CNR). N.P. was funded by NIH (R01 HL136918) and by the Magic-That-Matters fund (JHU). V.L. was in part supported by institutional funds from Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Pisa, Italy), by the TIM-Telecom Italia (WHITE Lab, Pisa, Italy), by a research grant from Pastificio Attilio Mastromauro Granoro s.r.l. (Corato, Italy) and in part by ETHERNA project (Prog. n. 161/16, Fondazione Pisa, Italy). Funding source had no such involvement in study design, in the collection, analysis, interpretation of data, in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
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Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and morbidity globally. Over the past several years, arterial inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of athero-thrombosis, substantially confirming what pathologist Rudolf Virchow had observed in the 19th century. Lipid lowering, lifestyle changes, and modification of other risk factors have reduced cardiovascular complications of athero-thrombosis, but a substantial residual risk remains. In view of the pathogenic role of inflammation in athero-thrombosis, directly targeting inflammation has emerged as an additional potential therapeutic option; and some early promising results have been suggested by the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS), in which canakinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic cytokine interleukin 1 beta, was shown to reduce cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prediman K Shah
- Helga and Walter Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalgisio Lecis
- Helga and Walter Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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157
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Zhang Y, Demokritou P, Ryan DK, Bello D. Comprehensive Assessment of Short-Lived ROS and H 2O 2 in Laser Printer Emissions: Assessing the Relative Contribution of Metal Oxides and Organic Constituents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7574-7583. [PMID: 31120250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation exposure to nanoparticles from toner-based laser printer and photocopier emissions (LPEs) induces airway inflammation and systemic oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity (such as DNA damage). Recent evidence from human and in vitro studies suggests a strong role for oxidative stress caused by free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), in the toxicity of laser printer emissions. However, the amount of ROS generated from laser printer nanoparticle emissions and the relative contribution of various fractions (vapors, organics, metals, and metal oxides) have not been investigated to-date. In this study, we aim to quantify short-lived ROS and H2O2 laser printer emissions, as well as the relative contribution of various fractions of LPEs in ROS generation. An aerosol chamber with HEPA filtered air was used to generate LPE emissions from one representative printer. In separate experiments, size fractionated LPEs were collected on filters (particles) or impingers (particles and vapors). The nanoscale fraction of LPEs (PM0.1) was further separated into the organic fraction and inorganic (transition metals/metal oxides) following a sequence of extraction with solvents and centrifugation. The short-lived ROS and H2O2 generated from each fraction were quantified with an acellular Trolox-based liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method recently developed in our lab. The particulate fraction of LPEs PM0.1 generated 2.68 times more total ROS (sum of short-lived ROS and H2O2) than the vapor fraction. In tested LPEs, transition metal oxides, which constituted 3% by mass, produced 69× and 202× times more short-lived ROS and H2O2, respectively, on a mass basis, than the organic fraction. Furthermore, fresh PM0.1 generated 282× and 32× times more short-lived ROS and H2O2, respectively, than aged and processed PM0.1. We conclude that transition metal oxides, albeit a minor constituent of the LPE PM0.1 emissions, are the species responsible for the majority of acellular ROS in this printer. A larger range of printers should be tested in the future. Because transition metal oxides in toners originate primarily from engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) in printer toner powder, reformulation of toner powders to contain less of these ROS active metals is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts 01854 , United States
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Department of Environmental Health and Harvard Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology , Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - David K Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts 01854 , United States
| | - Dhimiter Bello
- Department of Environmental Health and Harvard Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology , Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts 01854 , United States
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158
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Alaminos-Castillo MÁ, Ho-Plagaro A, García-Serrano S, Santiago-Fernandez C, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Garrido-Sanchez L, Rodriguez C, Valdes S, Gonzalo M, Moreno-Ruiz FJ, Rodríguez-Cañete A, Montiel-Casado C, Garcia-Fuentes E. Increased PON lactonase activity in morbidly obese patients is associated with impaired lipid profile. Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13315. [PMID: 30681756 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme could play an important role in the anti-oxidant capacity of high-density lipoprotein. However, there are no studies which analyse the evolution of the three activities of PON1 (PON arylesterase, PON paraoxonase and PON lactonase) after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in morbidly obese subjects. We analysed the association of PON concentration and activities with the evolution of morbidly obese subjects who underwent RYGB, and its relationship with biochemical variables and different atherogenic indices. METHODS Twenty-seven non-obese and 82 morbidly obese subjects were studied before and 6 months after RYGB. RESULTS Before RYGB, morbidly obese subjects had a lower PON1 concentration (P < 0.05) and higher PON lactonase activity (P < 0.001) than non-obese subjects, with no differences in PON arylesterase and PON paraoxonase activities. After RYGB, PON1 concentration (P < 0.05) and PON lactonase activity (P < 0.001) decreased with regard to the presurgery state. PON lactonase activity correlated with the atherogenic index of plasma before (r = 0.19, P = 0.047) and after RYGB (r = 0.27, P = 0.035). In different multiple lineal regression analysis models, presurgery PON lactonase activity was associated with total cholesterol (β = 0.909, P < 0.001), LDL (β = 0.632, P = 0.006) and DBP (β = 0.230, P = 0.030) (R2 = 0.295), postsurgery PON lactonase activity was associated with esterified cholesterol (β = 0.362, P = 0.011) (R2 = 0.131), and the change (Δ) in PON lactonase activity after RYGB was associated with Δesterified cholesterol (β = 0.304, P = 0.030) (R2 = 0.093). CONCLUSIONS PON lactonase activity is associated with the presence of morbid obesity and with an impaired lipid profile. All associations found could indicate the relationship between PON lactonase activity and the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ailec Ho-Plagaro
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara García-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas-CIBERDEM, Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Santiago-Fernandez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Rodríguez-Pacheco
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-CIBEROBN, Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sergio Valdes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas-CIBERDEM, Málaga, Spain
| | - Montserrat Gonzalo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Moreno-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodríguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Custodia Montiel-Casado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-CIBEROBN, Málaga, Spain
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159
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Wang P, Wang SC, Yang H, Lv C, Jia S, Liu X, Wang X, Meng D, Qin D, Zhu H, Wang YF. Therapeutic Potential of Oxytocin in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:454. [PMID: 31178679 PMCID: PMC6537480 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cardiovascular disease responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The major pathophysiological basis of CAD is atherosclerosis in association with varieties of immunometabolic disorders that can suppress oxytocin (OT) receptor (OTR) signaling in the cardiovascular system (CVS). By contrast, OT not only maintains cardiovascular integrity but also has the potential to suppress and even reverse atherosclerotic alterations and CAD. These protective effects of OT are associated with its protection of the heart and blood vessels from immunometabolic injuries and the resultant inflammation and apoptosis through both peripheral and central approaches. As a result, OT can decelerate the progression of atherosclerosis and facilitate the recovery of CVS from these injuries. At the cellular level, the protective effect of OT on CVS involves a broad array of OTR signaling events. These signals mainly belong to the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway that is composed of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase cascades and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2. Additionally, AMP-activated protein kinase, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase signaling and many others are also implicated in OTR signaling in the CVS protection. These signaling events interact coordinately at many levels to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of apoptotic pathways. A particular target of these signaling events is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial oxidative stress that interact through mitochondria-associated ER membrane. In contrast to these protective effects and machineries, rare but serious cardiovascular disturbances were also reported in labor induction and animal studies including hypotension, reflexive tachycardia, coronary spasm or thrombosis and allergy. Here, we review our current understanding of the protective effect of OT against varieties of atherosclerotic etiologies as well as the approaches and underlying mechanisms of these effects. Moreover, potential cardiovascular disturbances following OT application are also discussed to avoid unwanted effects in clinical trials of OT usages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Stephani C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Forth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Danian Qin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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160
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Kruk J, Aboul-Enein HY, Kładna A, Bowser JE. Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: the effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:497-521. [PMID: 31039624 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1612059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The body of evidence from the past three decades demonstrates that oxidative stress can be involved in several diseases. This study aims to summarise the current state of knowledge on the association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of some characteristic to the biological systems diseases and aging process. This review also presents the effect of physical activity on redox homeostasis. There is strong evidence from studies for participation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases based on animal models and human studies. Elevated levels of pro-oxidants and various markers of the oxidative stress and cells and tissues damage linked with pathogenesis of cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, reproductive system diseases, and aging were reported. Evidence confirmed that inflammation contributes widely to multiple chronic diseases and is closely linked with oxidative stress. Regular moderate physical activity regulates oxidative stress enhancing cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms, whereas acute exercise not preceded by training can alter cellular redox homeostasis towards higher level of oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to clarify the multifaceted effects of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species on cells and tissues and to continue study on the biochemical roles of antioxidants and physical activity in prevention of oxidative stress-related tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruk
- a Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Cukrowa 12 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- b Department of National Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research , National Research Centre , Dokki , Egypt
| | - Aleksandra Kładna
- c Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Jacquelyn E Bowser
- d John Hazen White College of Arts & Sciences , Johnson & Wales University , Providence , USA
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161
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Zeng B, Liu L, Liao X, Zhang C, Ruan H. Thyroid hormone protects cardiomyocytes from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:205-215. [PMID: 31059699 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of cardiac diseases, including acute myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure. Growing evidence indicates that thyroid hormone has protective properties against cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about its effect on oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes or the underlying mechanisms. This study showed that T3 pretreatment in vivo significantly reduced cardiac dysfunction by increasing the left ventricular ejection function and ameliorating the pathological changes induced by I/R-induced injury. In an in vitro experiment, T3 inhibited apoptosis in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes, as evidenced by the decreased expression of Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and 9, and increased expression of Bcl-2. In addition, oxidative stress observed in hearts of mice with I/R injury was significantly alleviated by T3 pretreatment, intracellular ROS and mitochondrial ROS overproduction were effectively inhibited, and similar results were also detected in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes in vitro. T3 significantly increased antioxidant protein (Nrf2 and HO-1) expression levels, and inhibited NOX2 and NOX4 protein expression levels in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, T3 preserved mitochondrial functions upon H2O2-induced oxidative stress by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and promoting the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. Notably, the PI3K/AKT signaling was significantly activated by T3 pretreatment in H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes. Together, these findings revealed that T3 could be served as potential therapeutic target for protection against cardiac oxidative stress injury through its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects, which are mediated by the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaiyu Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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162
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Geny B, Charles AL, Lejay A, Meyer A. Pollution et stress oxydant. REVUE FRANÇAISE D'ALLERGOLOGIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2019.02.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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163
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Tong H, Krug JD, Krantz QT, King C, Hargrove MM, Gilmour MI, Gavett SH. Inhalation of Simulated Smog Atmospheres Affects Cardiac Function in Mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:569-578. [PMID: 29943085 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The health effects of individual criteria air pollutants have been well investigated. However, little is known about the health effects of air pollutant mixtures that more realistically represent environmental exposures. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardiac effects of inhaled simulated smog atmospheres (SA) generated from the photochemistry of either gasoline and isoprene (SA-G) or isoprene (SA-Is) in mice. Four-month-old female mice were exposed for 4 h to filtered air (FA), SA-G, or SA-Is. Immediately and 20 h after exposure, cardiac responses were assessed with a Langendorff preparation using a protocol consisting of 20 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Cardiac function was measured by index of left-ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and cardiac contractility (dP/dt) before ischemia. Pre-ischemic LVDP was lower in mice immediately after SA-Is exposure (52.2 ± 5.7 cm H2O compared to 83.9 ± 7.4 cm H2O after FA exposure; p = 0.008) and 20 h after SA-G exposure (54.0 ± 12.7 cm H2O compared to 79.3 ± 7.4 cm H2O after FA exposure; p = 0.047). Pre-ischemic left ventricular contraction dP/dtmax was lower in mice immediately after SA-Is exposure (2025 ± 169 cm H2O/sec compared to 3044 ± 219 cm H2O/sec after FA exposure; p < 0.05) and 20 h after SA-G exposure (1864 ± 328 cm H2O/sec compared to 2650 ± 258 cm H2O/sec after FA exposure; p = 0.05). In addition, SA-G reduced the coronary artery flow rate 20 h after exposure compared to the FA control. This study demonstrates that acute SA-G and SA-Is exposures decrease LVDP and cardiac contractility in mice, indicating that photochemically-altered atmospheres affect the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Tong
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA.
| | - Jonathan D Krug
- Exposure Methods and Measurements Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Q Todd Krantz
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Charly King
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Marie M Hargrove
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - M Ian Gilmour
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Stephen H Gavett
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
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164
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Poret JM, Battle C, Mouton AJ, Gaudet DA, Souza-Smith F, Gardner JD, Braymer HD, Harrison-Bernard L, Primeaux SD. The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors is differentially elevated in obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel and obesity-resistant S5B/Pl rats. Life Sci 2019; 223:95-101. [PMID: 30872180 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Individual susceptibility to develop obesity may impact the development of cardio-metabolic risk factors that lead to obesity-related comorbid conditions. Obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel (OM) rats expressed higher levels of visceral adipose inflammation than obesity-resistant, S5B/Pl (S5B) rats. However, the consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) differentially affected OM and S5B rats and induced an increase in visceral adipose inflammation in S5B rats. The current study examined the effects of HFD consumption on cardio-metabolic risk factors in OM and S5B rats. MATERIALS & METHODS Glucose regulation and circulating levels of lipids, adiponectin and C-reactive protein were assessed following 8 weeks of HFD or low fat diet (LFD) consumption. Left ventricle hypertrophy and mRNA expression of cardiovascular disease biomarkers were also quantified in OM and S5B rats. KEY FINDINGS Circulating levels of triglycerides were higher, while HDL cholesterol, adiponectin and glycemic control were lower in OM rats, compared to S5B rats. In the left ventricle, BNP and CTGF mRNA expression were higher in OM rats and IL-6, IL-1β, VEGF, and iNOS mRNA expression were higher in S5B rats. SIGNIFICANCE These findings support the hypothesis that cardio-metabolic risk factors are increased in obesity-prone individuals, which may increase the risk for the development of obesity-related comorbidities. In the current models, obesity-resistant S5B rats also exhibited cardiovascular risk factors supporting the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in individuals characterized as obesity-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonquil M Poret
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Claire Battle
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Alan J Mouton
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Darryl A Gaudet
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Flavia Souza-Smith
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - H Douglas Braymer
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States of America
| | - Lisa Harrison-Bernard
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Stefany D Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America; Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States of America.
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165
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Baker G, Matveychuk D, MacKenzie EM, Holt A, Wang Y, Kar S. Attenuation of the effects of oxidative stress by the MAO-inhibiting antidepressant and carbonyl scavenger phenelzine. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 304:139-147. [PMID: 30857888 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenelzine (β-phenylethylhydrazine) is a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-inhibiting antidepressant with anxiolytic properties. It possesses a number of important pharmacological properties which may alter the effects of oxidative stress. After conducting a comprehensive literature search, the authors of this review paper aim to provide an overview and discussion of the mechanisms by which phenelzine may attenuate oxidative stress. It inhibits γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase, resulting in elevated brain GABA levels, inhibits both MAO and primary amine oxidase and, due to its hydrazine-containing structure, reacts chemically to sequester a number of reactive aldehydes (e.g. acrolein and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) proposed to be implicated in oxidative stress in a number of neurodegenerative disorders. Phenelzine is unusual in that it is both an inhibitor of and a substrate for MAO, the latter action producing at least one active metabolite, β-phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH). This metabolite inhibits GABA transaminase, is a very weak inhibitor of MAO but a strong inhibitor of primary amine oxidase, and sequesters aldehydes. Phenelzine may ameliorate the effects of oxidative stress by reducing formation of reactive metabolites (aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia/ammonia derivatives) produced by the interaction of MAO with biogenic amines, by sequestering various other reactive aldehydes and by inhibiting primary amine oxidase. In PC12 cells treated with the neurotoxin MPP+, phenelzine has been reported to reduce several adverse effects of MPP+. It has also been reported to reduce lipid peroxidative damage induced in plasma and platelet proteins by peroxynitrite. In animal models, phenelzine has a neuroprotective effect in global ischemia and in cortical impact traumatic brain injury. Recent studies reported in the literature on the possible involvement of acrolein in spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis indicate that phenelzine can attenuate adverse effects of acrolein in these models. Results from studies in our laboratories on effects of phenelzine and PEH on primary amine oxidase (which catalyzes formation of toxic aldehydes and is overexpressed in Alzheimer's disease), on sequestration of the toxic aldehyde acrolein, and on reduction of acrolein-induced toxicity in mouse cortical neurons are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen Baker
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Dmitriy Matveychuk
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Erin M MacKenzie
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Andrew Holt
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Satyabrata Kar
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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166
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Parohan M, Anjom-Shoae J, Nasiri M, Khodadost M, Khatibi SR, Sadeghi O. Dietary total antioxidant capacity and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:2175-2189. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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167
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Ngo DTM, Sverdlov AL, Karki S, Macartney-Coxson D, Stubbs RS, Farb MG, Carmine B, Hess DT, Colucci WS, Gokce N. Oxidative modifications of mitochondrial complex II are associated with insulin resistance of visceral fat in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E168-E177. [PMID: 30576243 PMCID: PMC6397365 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, particularly visceral adiposity, has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, which have been suggested as mechanisms of insulin resistance. The mechanism(s) behind this remains incompletely understood. In this study, we hypothesized that mitochondrial complex II dysfunction plays a role in impaired insulin sensitivity in visceral adipose tissue of subjects with obesity. We obtained subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue biopsies from 43 subjects with obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) during planned bariatric surgery. Compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue exhibited decreased complex II activity, which was restored with the reducing agent dithiothreitol (5 mM) ( P < 0.01). A biotin switch assay identified that cysteine oxidative posttranslational modifications (OPTM) in complex II subunit A (succinate dehydrogenase A) were increased in visceral vs. subcutaneous fat ( P < 0.05). Insulin treatment (100 nM) stimulated complex II activity in subcutaneous fat ( P < 0.05). In contrast, insulin treatment of visceral fat led to a decrease in complex II activity ( P < 0.01), which was restored with addition of the mitochondria-specific oxidant scavenger mito-TEMPO (10 µM). In a cohort of 10 subjects with severe obesity, surgical weight loss decreased OPTM and restored complex II activity, exclusively in the visceral depot. Mitochondrial complex II may be an unrecognized and novel mediator of insulin resistance associated with visceral adiposity. The activity of complex II is improved by weight loss, which may contribute to metabolic improvements associated with bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan T M Ngo
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle , Newcastle, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Aaron L Sverdlov
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Newcastle, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Shakun Karki
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donia Macartney-Coxson
- Biomarkers Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Research , Wellington , New Zealand
| | | | - Melissa G Farb
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian Carmine
- Department of General Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald T Hess
- Department of General Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wilson S Colucci
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noyan Gokce
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
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Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on adverse prognosis in hospitalized heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction - A report from the JASPER registry. J Cardiol 2019; 73:459-465. [PMID: 30718015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients and its clinical characteristics have not yet been fully examined. METHODS The Japanese Heart Failure Syndrome with Preserved Ejection Fraction (JASPER) registry is a nationwide, observational, prospective registration of consecutive Japanese hospitalized HFpEF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≥50%. Among 535 patients enrolled in the registry, 10 lacking COPD data, and seven who died during the first hospitalization, were excluded. Finally, 518 patients were enrolled in this analysis. We divided these patients into two groups: the COPD group (n=40, 7.7%) and the non-COPD group (n=478, 92.3%). This analysis had two primary endpoints: (1) all-cause death and (2) all-cause death or rehospitalization for HF. RESULTS The COPD group showed a higher prevalence of male sex (70.0% vs. 48.1%, p=0.008), history of prior hospitalization for HF (63.2% vs. 35.1%, p=0.001), smoking history (71.8% vs. 43.3%, p=0.001), and a higher usage of loop diuretics (70.0% vs. 50.0%, p=0.015). In the follow-up period after discharge (median 733 days), there were 82 all-cause deaths and 127 rehospitalizations for HF. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the COPD group showed higher all-cause death and reached the composite endpoint more often than in the non-COPD group (all-cause death, log-rank 0.035; all-cause death or rehospitalization for HF, log-rank 0.025). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, COPD was a predictor of all-cause death (hazard ratio 1.957, 95% confidence interval 1.037-3.694, p=0.038) and the composite endpoint (hazard ratio 1.694, 95% confidence interval 1.064-2.697, p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS COPD is associated with adverse prognosis in hospitalized patients with HFpEF.
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Dinmohammadi H, Pirdel Z, Salarilak L, Hoylaerts M, Nejatbakhsh R, Biglari A, Jacquemin M, Shahani T. Pure ultra-fine carbon particles do not exert pro-coagulation and inflammatory effects on microvascular endothelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:991-999. [PMID: 30456618 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pro-thrombotic and inflammatory changes play an important role in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, resulting from short-term exposure to fine particulate air-pollution. Part of those effects has been attributed to the ultra-fine particles (UFPs) that pass through the lung and directly contact blood-exposed and circulating cells. Despite UFP-induced platelet activation, it is unclear whether the penetrated particles exert any direct effect on endothelial cells. While exposure levels are boosting as a result of world-wide increases in economic development and desertification, which create more air-polluted regions, as well as increase in demands for synthetic UFPs in medicine and various industries, further studies on the health effects of these particles are required. In this study, human pulmonary and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) have been exposed to 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/ml suspensions of either a natural (carbon black) or a synthetic (multi-walled carbon nano-tubes) type of UFPs, in vitro. As a result, no changes in the levels of coagulation factor VIII, Von Willebrand factor, Interleukin 8, and P-selectin measured in the cells' supernatant were observed prior to and 6, 12, and 24 h after exposure. In parallel, the spatio-temporal effect of UFPs on cardiac MECs was evaluated by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Despite phagocytic uptake of pure UFPs observed on cellular sections of the treated cells, Weibel-Palade bodies remained intact in shape and similar in number when compared with the untreated cells. Our work shows that carbon itself is a non-toxic carrier for endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Dinmohammadi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Pirdel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Laleh Salarilak
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Marc Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reza Nejatbakhsh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Biglari
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Marc Jacquemin
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tina Shahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran.
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Belhayara MI, Mellouk Z, Hamdaoui MS, Bachaoui M, Kheroua O, Malaisse WJ. Relationship between the insulin resistance and circulating predictive biochemical markers in metabolic syndrome among young adults in western Algeria. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:504-509. [PMID: 30641755 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM The metabolic syndrome (MetS) becomes increasingly obvious from an early age. The current study aimed at exploring the relationship between insulin resistance and the main biomarkers of MetS in young adult algerian patients. METHODS Glucose, HbA1C, total cholesterol (TC), hjgh bensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulinemia and C-peptide, adipokins (leptin, adiponectin), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-a), us-CRP and GLP-1 were measured by suitable methods. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to detect the degree of insulin resistance. RESULTS The MetS patients displayed higher glucose, insulin, HbA1c values and impaired lipid profile as judged by increasing TC, TG, LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C. Furthermore, adipokines, HDL-C and CRP contents were significantly higher whilst TG and LDL-C were much lower in MetS female group as compared to male patients suggesting most pronounced metabolic perturbation in the latter group. The probability of a significant correlation between HOMA and studied variables was often higher in female than male subjects. Such was the case for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, adiponectin, interleukin-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP. CONCLUSION The high rate of metabolic syndrome among young obese adults is alarming, this requiring extensive investigations in prone subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoheir Mellouk
- Biology Department, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Algeria.
| | | | - Malika Bachaoui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Institution of Oran, Algeria
| | - Omar Kheroua
- Biology Department, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Algeria
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ELSHAHIDI MH. Outdoor Air Pollution and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:9-19. [PMID: 30847307 PMCID: PMC6401584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past 20 years, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased by ∼10%-100% in several race/ethnicity groups. There is an association between ambient air pollution (AAP) and GDM. This study aimed to summarize the evidence about the association between AAP and GDM. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from inception till Oct 2017. Studies about the association between ambient air pollutants levels and GDM were included. Pooled effect estimates and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using R. RESULTS Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The odds of developing GDM upon exposure to CO (per 1 ppm), NO (per 1 ppb), NO2 (per 10 μg/m3), NOx (per 1 ppb), O3 (per 10 ppb), SO2 (per 10 ppb), PM10 (per 10 μg/m3) and PM2.5 (per 10 μg/m3) were 1.47 (95% CI 0.88-2.06), 1.04 (95% CI 1.03-1.06), 1 (95% CI 0.93-1.08), 1.02 (95% CI 1-1.04), 1.05 (95% CI 0.94-1.16), 1.39 (95% CI 1.04-1.73), 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.99) and 1.12 (95% CI 0.93-1.31), respectively. CONCLUSION The current literature showed evidence for an association between AAP and GDM. However, further well-designed studies are needed.
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Wang QY, Tong AH, Pan YY, Zhang XD, Ding WY, Xiong W. The effect of cassia seed extract on the regulation of the LKB1-AMPK-GLUT4 signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats to improve the insulin sensitivity of the skeletal muscle. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:108. [PMID: 31890042 PMCID: PMC6924081 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to observe the hypoglycemic effect of cassia seed extract in rats with type-2 diabetes mellitus and its effect on reducing insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle. METHODS 50 rats were randomly divided into the normal, model, high-dose, middle-dose, and low-dose groups of cassia seed extract (n = 10 each). A high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin administration was adopted to build type 2 diabetes models. The cassia seed extract groups were fed different concentrations cassia seed extract while the normal and model groups were fed the same volume of normal saline. The weight, FINS, GIR, insulin tolerance, blood glucose and blood lipid level, oxidative stress indices and expressions related to the LKB1-AMPK-GLUT4 pathway were detected and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the normal group, the model group showed lower weight, glucose infusion rate and expressions related to LKB1-AMPK-GLUT4 pathway and higher FINS, insulin tolerance, blood glucose and blood lipid level and oxidative stress indices (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, higher weight, glucose infusion rate and expressions related to LKB1-AMPK-GLUT4 pathway and lower FINS, insulin tolerance, blood glucose and blood lipid level and oxidative stress indices were observed in all groups that were administered cassia see extract (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Cassia seed extract could noticeably improve the insulin resistance of diabetic rats and enhance the insulin sensitivity of their skeletal muscles. Its mechanism may be related to damage repair of the LKB1-AMPK-GLUT4 signaling pathway and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ying Wang
- Endocrine Department, Heze Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Heze, Shandong China
| | - Ai-Hua Tong
- Endocrinology Department, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong China
| | - Ying-Ying Pan
- Renal Rheumatism Immune Intervention Department, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Xian-Dang Zhang
- Endocrine Department, Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250062 China
| | - Wen-Yu Ding
- Endocrine Department, Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250062 China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Endocrine Department, Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250062 China
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Oshima H, Miki T, Kuno A, Mizuno M, Sato T, Tanno M, Yano T, Nakata K, Kimura Y, Abe K, Ohwada W, Miura T. Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 Inhibitor, Reduced the Mortality Rate after Acute Myocardial Infarction with Modification of Cardiac Metabolomes and Antioxidants in Diabetic Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 368:524-534. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.253666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Naseri R, Farzaei F, Haratipour P, Nabavi SF, Habtemariam S, Farzaei MH, Khodarahmi R, Tewari D, Momtaz S. Anthocyanins in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome: A Pharmacological and Biopharmaceutical Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1310. [PMID: 30564116 PMCID: PMC6288909 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The term "metabolic syndrome" (MetS) refers to a combination of diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. The origin of MetS includes a combination of multiple factors, such as sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet choice, and genetic factors. MetS is highly prevalent and adversely affects the general population by elevating risk of cardiovascular complications, organ failure, and much other pathology associated with late-stage diabetes. Anthocyanins (ANTs) are health-promoting bioactive compounds belonging to the flavonoids subclass of polyphenols. Numerous studies have reported the potential therapeutic benefits on MetS syndrome and diabetes from fruits rich in ANTs. This review summarizes the role of several dietary ANTs on preventing and managing MetS as well as the pharmacological mechanisms and biopharmaceutical features of their action. We also discuss potential nanoformulation and encapsulation approaches that may enhance the bioefficacy of ANTs in MetS. Experiments have demonstrated that ANTs may attenuate the symptoms of MetS via improving insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia, cholesterol levels, hypertension, blood glucose, protecting β cells, and preventing free radical production. In brief, the intake of ANT-rich supplements should be considered due to their plausible ability for prevention and management of MetS. Additionally, randomized double-blind clinical trials are obligatory for evaluating the bioefficacy and pharmacological mechanisms of ANTs and their pharmaceutical formulations in patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozita Naseri
- Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pouya Haratipour
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Phyto Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Medway School of Science, University of Greenwich, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Kotur Stevuljevic J, Cerne D, Zupan J, Marc J, Vujic Z, Crevar-Sakac M, Sopic M, Munjas J, Radenkovic M, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. The role of artichoke leaf tincture (Cynara scolymus) in the suppression of DNA damage and atherosclerosis in rats fed an atherogenic diet. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:138-144. [PMID: 29409377 PMCID: PMC6130604 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1434549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polyphenols and flavonoids in artichoke leaf tincture (ALT) protect cells against oxidative damage. OBJECTIVES We examined ALT effects on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and lipid profiles in rat plasma and gene expression in rat aorta [haemeoxygenase-1 (HO1), haemeoxygenase-2 (HO2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)]. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups (n = 6/group): The control group (CG) was fed with standard pellet chow for 11 weeks; the AD group was fed for a similar period of time with pellet chow supplemented with 2% cholesterol, 3% sunflower oil and 1% sodium cholate. The ADA group was fed with pellet chow (for 1 week), the atherogenic diet (see above) for the following 4 weeks and then with ALT (0.1 mL/kg body weight) and atherogenic diet for 6 weeks. According to HPLC analysis, the isolated main compounds in ALT were chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, isoquercitrin and rutin. RESULTS Normalized HO-1 [0.11 (0.04-0.24)] and MCP-1 [0.29 (0.21-0.47)] mRNA levels and DNA scores [12.50 (4.50-36.50)] were significantly lower in the ADA group than in the AD group [0.84 (0.35-2.51)], p = 0.021 for HO-1 [0.85 (0.61-3.45)], p = 0.047 for MCP-1 and [176.5 (66.50-221.25)], p = 0.020 for DNA scores. HO-1 mRNA was lower in the ADA group than in the CG group [0.30 (0.21-0.71), p = 0.049]. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with ALT limited the effects of the atherogenic diet through reduced MCP-1 expression, thereby preventing oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelena Kotur Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Darko Cerne
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Marc
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zorica Vujic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milkica Crevar-Sakac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miron Sopic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Radenkovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mustafa AG, Al-Shboul O, Alfaqih MA, Al-Qudah MA, Al-Dwairi AN. Phenelzine reduces the oxidative damage induced by peroxynitrite in plasma lipids and proteins. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:418-423. [PMID: 29256275 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1415939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite is a reactive nitrogen species produced in the intravascular compartment from superoxide anion and nitric oxide. Peroxynitrite destroys blood plasma proteins and membranes of red blood cells and of platelets. This explains why excessive production of peroxynitrite contributes to diseases and to ageing. Therapeutics that antagonize peroxynitrite may delay ageing and the progression of disease. We developed an in vitro assay that allows the investigation of the oxidative damage caused by peroxynitrite in the intravascular compartment. This assay correlates the damage with the rate of formation of protein carbonyl groups, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Using this assay, we evaluated the ability of phenelzine, a scavenger of reactive aldehydes, to antagonize the effects of peroxynitrite. Herein, we showed that phenelzine significantly decreased the lipid peroxidative damage caused by peroxynitirite in blood plasma and platelets. Moreover, it inhibited carbonyl group and 3-NT formation in blood plasma and platelet proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman G Mustafa
- a School of Medicine , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- a School of Medicine , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- b Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Al-Qudah
- a School of Medicine , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Ahmed N Al-Dwairi
- a School of Medicine , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J. High Content of Lead Is Associated with the Softness of Drinking Water and Raised Cardiovascular Morbidity: A Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:384-394. [PMID: 29656350 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Daily ingestion of lead (Pb), even through piped drinking water, has long time been an important issue of concern, attracting for decades research in environmental science and toxicology, and again comes to prominence because of recent high-profile cases of exposure of populations in several countries to Pb-contaminated water. Numerous studies have reported an association between Pb in water and the risk of cardiovascular pathologies. Low levels of magnesium and calcium, i.e., low degree of hardness of the drinking water, may accentuate Pb leaching from water pipes and furthermore increase Pb absorption. This review evaluates the evidence for an association between Pb exposure from drinking water and cardiovascular end points in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Faculty of Public Health, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
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178
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A positive feedback regulation of Heme oxygenase 1 by CELF1 in cardiac myoblast cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1862:209-218. [PMID: 30508596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As an RNA binding protein, CUG-BP Elav-like family (CELF) has been shown to be critical for heart biological functions. However, no reports have revealed the function of CELF1 in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Hinted by RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-seq) data, the influence of the CELF protein on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was tested by modulating CELF1 levels. Cardiac hypertrophy is related to oxidative stress-induced damage. Hence, the cardiovascular system may be protected against further injury by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1. During the past two decades, research has demonstrated the central role of HO-1 in the protection against diseases. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of HO-1 expression is profoundly important for developing new strategies to prevent cardiac hypertrophy. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HO-1 regulation by the CELF protein, we performed RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), biotin pull-down analysis, luciferase reporter and mRNA stability assays. We found that the expression of HO-1 was downregulated by CELF1 through the conserved GU-rich elements (GREs) in HO-1 3'UTR transcripts. Correspondingly, CELF1 expression was regulated by controlling the release of carbon monoxide (CO) in H9C2 cells. The CELF1-HO-1-CO regulation axis constituted a novel positive feedback circuit. In addition, we detected the potential involvement of CELF1 and HO-1 in samples from HCM patients. We found that CELF1 and CELF2, but not HO-1, were highly expressed in HCM heart samples. Thus, a manipulation targeting CELF1 could be developed as a potential therapeutic option for cardiac hypertrophy.
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179
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Lubbers ER, Price MV, Mohler PJ. Arrhythmogenic Substrates for Atrial Fibrillation in Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1482. [PMID: 30405438 PMCID: PMC6204377 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global obesity rates have nearly tripled since 1975. This obesity rate increase is mirrored by increases in atrial fibrillation (AF) that now impacts nearly 10% of Americans over the age of 65. Numerous epidemiologic studies have linked incidence of AF and obesity and other obesity-related diseases, including hypertension and diabetes. Due to the wealth of epidemiologic data linking AF with obesity-related disease, mechanisms of AF pathogenesis in the context of obesity are an area of ongoing investigation. However, progress has been somewhat slowed by the complex phenotype of obesity; separating the effects of obesity from those of related sequelae is problematic. While the initiation of pathogenic pathways leading to AF varies with disease (including increased glycosylation in diabetes, increased renin angiotensin aldosterone system activation in hypertension, atrial ischemia in coronary artery disease, and sleep apnea) the pathogenesis of AF is united by shared mediators of altered conduction in the atria. We suggest focusing on these downstream mediators of AF in obesity is likely to yield more broadly applicable data. In the context of obesity, AF is driven by the interrelated processes of inflammation, atrial remodeling, and oxidative stress. Obesity is characterized by a constant low-grade inflammation that leads to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines contribute to changes in cardiomyocyte excitability. Atrial structural remodeling, including fibrosis, enlargement, and fatty infiltration is a prominent feature of AF and contributes to the altered conduction. Finally, obesity impacts oxidative stress. Within the cardiomyocyte, oxidative stress is increased through both increased production of reactive oxygen species and by downregulation of scavenging enzymes. This increased oxidative stress modulates of cardiomyocyte excitability, increasing susceptibility to AF. Although the initiating insults vary, inflammation, atrial remodeling, and oxidative stress are conserved mechanisms in the pathophysiology of AF in the obese patients. In this review, we highlight mechanisms that have been shown to be relevant in the pathogenesis of AF across obesity-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R. Lubbers
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Morgan V. Price
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Chen L, Wang H, Gao F, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Ma R, Pang S, Cui Y, Yang J, Yan B. Functional genetic variants in the SIRT5 gene promoter in acute myocardial infarction. Gene 2018; 675:233-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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181
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Tiwari BK, Abidi AB, Rizvi SI, Pandey KB. Effect of oral supplementation of composite leaf extract of medicinal plants on biomarkers of oxidative stress in induced diabetic Wistar rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:361-366. [PMID: 29207888 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1411369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of composite extract of leaves (CLE) of four medicinal plants; Aegle marmelos, Ocimum sanctum, Murraya koenigii and Azadirachta indica on markers of oxidative stress in brain tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats in vivo. Enhanced lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and reduced antioxidative defence systems were measured in brain tissues of diabetic rats. Supplementation of CLE, once in a day for 35 days significantly (p < .05) protected the peroxidation of lipid, oxidation of protein and ameliorated the antioxidant defence in brain tissue of diabetic rats. It was observed that the insulin-like effect of CLE was dose dependent; higher effect at higher doses. The results of the study suggest that supplementation CLE may provide an overall homeostasis and significant neuro-protection through rescuing brain cells from oxidative abuse and accelerating brain antioxidative defence during advanced stage of hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahm Kumar Tiwari
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Abu Baker Abidi
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- b Department of Biochemistry , University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India
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182
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Effects of aging and environmental tobacco smoke exposure on ocular and plasma circulatory microRNAs in the Rhesus macaque. Mol Vis 2018; 24:633-646. [PMID: 30294202 PMCID: PMC6161805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify changes induced by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in circulatory microRNA (miRNA) in plasma and ocular fluids of the Rhesus macaque and compare these changes to normal age-related changes. Tobacco smoke has been identified as the leading environmental risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS All Rhesus macaques were housed at the California National Primate Research Center (CNPRC), University of California, Davis. Four groups of animals were used: Group 1 (1-3 years old), Group 2 (19-28 years old), Group 3 (10-16 years old), and Group 4 (middle aged, 9-14 years old). Group 4 was exposed to smoke for 1 month. Ocular fluids and plasma samples were collected, miRNAs isolated, and expression data obtained using Affymetrix miRNA GeneTitan Array Plates 4.0. Bioinformatics analysis was done on the Affymetrix Expression Console (EC), Transcriptome Analysis Software (TAS) using ANOVA for candidate miRNA selection, followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). RESULTS The expression of circulatory miRNAs showed statistically significant changes with age and ETS. In the plasma samples, 45 miRNAs were strongly upregulated (fold change >±1.5, p<0.05) upon ETS exposure. In the vitreous, three miRNAs were statistically significantly downregulated with ETS, and two of them (miR-6794 and miR-6790) were also statistically significantly downregulated with age. Some retinal layers exhibited a thinning trend measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. The pathways activated were IL-17A, VEGF, and recruitment of eosinophils, Th2 lymphocytes, and macrophages. CONCLUSIONS ETS exposure of Rhesus macaques resulted in statistically significant changes in the expression of the circulatory miRNAs, distinct from those affected by aging. The pathways activated appear to be common for ETS and AMD pathogenesis. These data will be used to develop an animal model of early dry AMD.
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183
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Korantzopoulos P, Letsas K, Fragakis N, Tse G, Liu T. Oxidative stress and atrial fibrillation: an update. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1199-1209. [PMID: 30003814 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1500696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrial remodelling involves electrophysiological and structural abnormalities that promote the development and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation. Experimental and clinical data indicate that oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial remodelling. The mechanistic links between atrial remodelling and oxidative stress are complex with several underlying diseases and conditions may affect these pathways. Therefore, the development of antioxidant interventions in this setting remains difficult. Besides classical antioxidant compounds, several agents with pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, have been tested in experimental and clinical settings with variable results. Strategies applying conventional antioxidants in specific situations such as postoperative atrial fibrillation show beneficial effects, especially the two-step regimen of antioxidants combination. Of note, there are limited data on the development of strategies that target specific sources of reactive oxygen species implicated in atrial remodelling. Lifestyle, diet, and risk factors modification is a complementary promising approach. This updated review provides a concise and critical overview of all available data regarding oxidative stress and its modulation in atrial fibrillation. Future directions on this exciting field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Letsas
- b Second Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology , "Evangelismos" General Hospital of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Nikolaos Fragakis
- c Third Department of Cardiology , Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Athens , Greece
| | - Gary Tse
- d Department of Medicine and Therapeutics , Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , P. R. China.,e Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Tong Liu
- f Department of Cardiology , Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , P. R. China
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Zhang XR, Zhou WX, Zhang YX. Improvements in SOD mimic AEOL-10150, a potent broad-spectrum antioxidant. Mil Med Res 2018; 5:30. [PMID: 30185231 PMCID: PMC6125955 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-018-0176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AEOL-10150 is a broad-spectrum metalloporphyrin superoxidase dismutase (SOD) mimic specifically designed to neutralize reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Research has shown that AEOL-10150 is a potent medical countermeasure against national security threats including sulfur mustard (SM), nerve agent exposure and radiation pneumonitis following a radiological/nuclear incident sufficient to cause acute radiation syndrome (ARS). AEOL-10150 performed well in animal safety studies, and two completed phase 1 safety studies in patients demonstrated that the drug was safe and well tolerated, indicating that AEOL-10150 has potential as a new catalytic antioxidant drug. In this article, we review improvements in AEOL-10150 in preclinical pharmacodynamic studies, especially regarding anti-SM, chlorine gas and radiation exposure studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Yong-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Protects against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress by Preventing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2179021. [PMID: 30158990 PMCID: PMC6109504 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2179021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of cardiac diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Growing evidence indicates that cabbage has various pharmacological properties against a wide range of diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, hepatic diseases, and cancer. However, little is known about its effects on oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes or the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of cabbage extract on oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, mitochondrial functions, and expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins were analyzed to elucidate the antioxidant effects of this extract. Cabbage extract protected against H2O2-induced cell death and did not elicit any cytotoxic effects. In addition, cabbage extract suppressed ROS production and increased expression of antioxidant proteins (SOD-1, catalase, and GPx). Cabbage extract also inhibited apoptotic responses and activation of MAPK proteins (ERK1/2, JNK, and p-38) in oxidative stress-exposed H9c2 cells. Notably, cabbage extract preserved mitochondrial functions upon oxidative stress. These findings reveal that cabbage extract protects against oxidative stress and suggest that it can be used as an alternative therapeutic strategy to prevent the oxidative stress in the heart.
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Van der Werf R, Walter C, Bietiger W, Seyfritz E, Mura C, Peronet C, Legrandois J, Werner D, Ennahar S, Digel F, Maillard-Pedracini E, Pinget M, Jeandidier N, Marchioni E, Sigrist S, Dal S. Beneficial effects of cherry consumption as a dietary intervention for metabolic, hepatic and vascular complications in type 2 diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:104. [PMID: 30029691 PMCID: PMC6054718 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis and its complications. New therapies target natural antioxidants as an alternative and/or supplemental strategy to prevent and control them. Our previous chemical and biological studies highlighted the important antioxidant activities of cherries, among other fruits and vegetables, thus we aimed to determine in vivo effects of 2-month long cherry consumption using a high-fat/high-fructose (HFHF) model of diabetic-rats (Lozano et al. in Nutr Metab 13:15, 2016). Methods After 2 months of HFHF, male Wistar rats were divided into: HFHF and HFHF enriched in cherry (nutritional approach) or standard diet ND (lifestyle measures) and ND plus cherry during 2 months. Metabolic, lipidic, oxidative parameters were quantified. Tissues (liver, pancreas and vessels) OS were assessed and hepatic (steatosis, fibrosis, inflammation) and vascular (endothelial dysfunction) complications were characterized. Results T2D was induced after 2 months of HFHF diet, characterized by systemic hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia, hyperleptinemia, and oxidative stress associated with endothelial dysfunction and hepatic complications. Cherry consumption for 2 months, in addition to lifestyle measures, in T2D-rats decreased and normalized the systemic disturbances, including oxidative stress complications. Moreover, in the vessel, cherry consumption decreased oxidative stress and increased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase levels, thus increasing NO bioavailability, ensuring vascular homeostasis. In the liver, cherry consumption decreased oxidative stress by inhibiting NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox expression, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) degradation and the formation of reactive oxygen species. It inhibited the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (1c and 2) and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, and thus decreased steatosis as observed in T2D rats. This led to the improvement of metabolic profiles, together with endothelial and hepatic function improvements. Conclusion Cherry consumption normalized vascular function and controlled hepatic complications, thus reduced the risk of diabetic metabolic disorders. These results demonstrate that a nutritional intervention with a focus on OS could prevent and/or delay the onset of vascular and hepatic complications related to T2D. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-018-0744-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remmelt Van der Werf
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Walter
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - William Bietiger
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elodie Seyfritz
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carole Mura
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claude Peronet
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Said Ennahar
- IPHC-LC4, UMR 7178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe de Chimie Analytique des Molécules BioActives, Illkirch, France
| | - Fabien Digel
- Interprofession des Fruits et Légumes d'Alsace (IFLA), Sainte Croix en Plaine, France
| | - Elisa Maillard-Pedracini
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Pinget
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Jeandidier
- Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, (HUS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Marchioni
- IPHC-LC4, UMR 7178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe de Chimie Analytique des Molécules BioActives, Illkirch, France
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Stéphanie Dal
- DIATHEC EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Boulevard René Leriche, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghum Alfulaij
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Franziska Meiners
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Justin Michalek
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Helen C Turner
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University, Honolulu, HI
| | - Alexander J Stokes
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University, Honolulu, HI
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
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Jungert A, Neuhäuser-Berthold M. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D and anti-oxidative status in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:291-297. [PMID: 29953952 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence indicates that vitamin D has anti-oxidative properties. The present study investigates whether serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with biomarkers of anti-oxidative status in community-dwelling older adults using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. METHODS A total of 302 subjects aged 62 to 92 years from Germany (50.6°N) were analysed via cross-sectional approach. For longitudinal analysis, data of 153 subjects were available. Fasting blood samples from 2004 and 2012 were analysed for 25(OH)D concentrations, total anti-oxidative status (TAOS) as well as anti-oxidative enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between 25(OH)D and parameters of anti-oxidative status. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, 25(OH)D was a significant predictor of CAT (β = -0.166; P = 0.010), lg10 GPx (β = 0.136; P = 0.037) and TAOS (β = 0.121; P = 0.048) after adjusting for age, sex, percentage total body fat (TBF), month of blood sampling, smoking behaviour and use of vitamin D supplements. Longitudinal change in 25(OH)D concentration positively predicted change in TAOS (β = 0.224; P = 0.006) after adjusting for sex, baseline TAOS, age, smoking behaviour, use of vitamin D supplements and change in TBF, physical activity level, current time spent outdoors and dietary vitamin D intake. CONCLUSION The maintenance of an adequate vitamin D status may have a beneficial impact on the anti-oxidative defence system in older adults on a long-term perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jungert
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Goethestrasse 55, D-35390 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Monika Neuhäuser-Berthold
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Goethestrasse 55, D-35390 Giessen, Germany.
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Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Rabbits Under Oxidative Stress Induced By High Fat Diet. J Vet Res 2018; 62:199-205. [PMID: 30364903 PMCID: PMC6200285 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2018-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type and form of oil (raw/non-oxidised (N) or post-frying/oxidised (O)) consumed in high-fat diets affect the oxidative status of an organism, as observed by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as an oxidative factor and antioxidant enzyme activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fats in the diet came from rapeseed oil (R) and olive oil (O). RESULTS The applied diet caused a decrease in MDA concentration (μmol/L) in serum in group RN from 2.94 ± 0.87 to 1.76 ± 0.13, in group ON from 2.45 ± 0.62 to 1.50 ± 0.10, and in group OO from 2.70 ± 1.16 to 1.84 ± 0.36. Meanwhile, MDA concentration (mmol/L) increased in blood haemolysate in group RO from 0.15 ± 0.07 to 0.22 ± 0.03 and in group OO from 0.17 ± 0.02 to 0.22 ± 0.02. The observed changes caused a response of the enzymatic antioxidant system in both models, especially followed by an increase in activities of total superoxide dismutase and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in all experimental groups, while its cytosolic isoenzyme activity increased only in ON and OO groups. Increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in groups RN and RO and of catalase (CAT) in groups ON and OO was observed. Significant differences in responses to the different types and forms of oils were probably caused by the different oxidative stability of the studied oils. CONCLUSION This diet disturbed the body's oxidative status; however, during the six-month study the enzymatic antioxidant system remained effective.
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Deng Y, Song L, Nie X, Shou W, Li X. Prenatal inflammation exposure-programmed cardiovascular diseases and potential prevention. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 190:159-172. [PMID: 29803628 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the rapid development of medical and pharmacological interventions has led to a steady decline in certain noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs), such as cancer. However, the overall incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has not seemed to decline. CVDs have become even more prevalent in many countries and represent a global health threat and financial burden. An increasing number of epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that maternal insults not only can result in birth defects but also can cause developmental functional defects that contribute to adult NCDs. In the current review, we provide an overview of evidence from both epidemiological investigations and experimental animal studies supporting the concept of developmental reprogramming of adult CVDs in offspring that have experienced prenatal inflammation exposure (PIE) during fetal development (PIE-programmed CVDs), a disease-causing event that has not been effectively controlled. This review describes the epidemiological observations, data from animal models, and related mechanisms for the pathogenesis of PIE-programmed CVDs. In addition, the potential therapeutic interventions of PIE-programmed CVDs are discussed. Finally, we also deliberate the need for future mechanistic studies and biomarker screenings in this important field, which creates a great opportunity to combat the global increase in CVDs by managing the adverse effects of inflammation for prepregnant and pregnant individuals who are at risk for PIE-programmed CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Center of Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Liang Song
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Center of Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xuqiang Nie
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Center of Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weinian Shou
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Center of Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W. Walnut Street, R4 W302D, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China; Center of Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30# Gaotanyan Rd., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Lehmann-Kalata A, Miechowicz I, Korybalska K, Swora-Cwynar E, Czepulis N, Łuczak J, Orzechowska Z, Grzymisławski M, Surdacka A, Witowski J. Salivary fingerprint of simple obesity. Cytokine 2018; 110:174-180. [PMID: 29763839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of a link between poor oral health and obesity is not fully understood. It is also unclear if saliva contributes to it and whether the properties of saliva change as a result of an increase in body mass or rather as a consequence of obesity-associated comorbidities. This pilot study was undertaken in an attempt to determine if salivary biomarkers can identify obesity per se. METHODS Whole mixed saliva was analysed for 16 soluble parameters covering 4 categories (inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, adipokines). In the discovery group, 19 obese and 25 non-obese women matched for age, with similar hygiene habits, with no comorbidities and not taking any medication known to affect saliva secretion were analysed. In the validation group, a cohort of no-preselected 81 individuals (34 obese) were analysed. RESULTS Individuals with obesity had significantly higher salivary concentrations of several cytokines and adipokines, of which TNF-R1, serpin A12 and PAI-1 were identified as parameters discriminating between obese and non-obese subjects with the highest sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS Obesity per se leads to distinct changes in the concentration of several parameters in saliva. These findings may have diagnostic implications for distinguishing the effects of obesity and obesity-linked comorbidities on oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lehmann-Kalata
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Miechowicz
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Korybalska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Swora-Cwynar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Natasza Czepulis
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Łuczak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Zofia Orzechowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marian Grzymisławski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Janusz Witowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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Prado NJ, Ferder L, Manucha W, Diez ER. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin in Obesity and Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 20:45. [PMID: 29744660 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-018-0842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Here, we review the known relations between hypertension and obesity to inflammation and postulate the endogenous protective effect of melatonin and its potential as a therapeutic agent. We will describe the multiple effects of melatonin on blood pressure, adiposity, body weight, and focus on mitochondrial-related anti-inflammatory and antioxidant protective effects. RECENT FINDINGS Hypertension and obesity are usually associated with systemic and tissular inflammation. The progressive affection of target-organs involves multiple mediators of inflammation, most of them redundant, which make anti-inflammatory strategies ineffective. Melatonin reduces blood pressure, body weight, and inflammation. The mechanisms of action of this ancient molecule of protection involve multiple levels of action, from subcellular to intercellular. Mitochondria is a key inflammatory element in vascular and adipose tissue and a potential pharmacological target. Melatonin protects against mitochondrial dysfunction. Melatonin reduces blood pressure and adipose tissue dysfunction by multiple anti-inflammatory/antioxidant actions and provides potent protection against mitochondria-mediated injury in hypertension and obesity. This inexpensive and multitarget molecule has great therapeutic potential against both epidemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Jorgelina Prado
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - León Ferder
- Pediatric Department Nephrology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Área de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Emiliano Raúl Diez
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina. .,Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, CP 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Fernández-Ruiz VE, Paniagua-Urbano JA, Solé-Agustí M, Ruiz-Sánchez A, Gómez-Marín J, Armero-Barranco D. Impact of the I 2AO 2 interdisciplinary program led by nursing on psychological comorbidity and quality of life: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:268-277. [PMID: 29579523 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is an entity of highly prevalent multifactorial origin with associated metabolic and psychological comorbidity, causing a negative impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it. The objective is to evaluate the impact of an interdisciplinary program for nurse-led obesity on quality of life related to health and anxiety. METHODS Randomized controlled clinical trial with a sample of 74 subjects diagnosed with obesity (EG: n=37; CG: n=37). The intervention consisted of a 12-month interdisciplinary program (with pre-test, 12month and 24month follow-up) coordinated by nurses. RESULTS The anxiety analysis shows that there is no effect of the intervention on S-STAI (F2; 144=0.246; p=0.782), which has increased in both groups. However, there is an effect on T-STAI (F2; 144=8872; p<0.001), which only increases in the control group. The interdisciplinary program has significantly improved health-related quality of life (SF-36), both in physical health parameters as well as in mental health. CONCLUSION The interdisciplinary program led by nursing professionals has improved the quality of life related to health and has prevented the increase of anxiety-trait in participants, maintaining the long-term effects.
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Bhargava A, Tamrakar S, Aglawe A, Lad H, Srivastava RK, Mishra DK, Tiwari R, Chaudhury K, Goryacheva IY, Mishra PK. Ultrafine particulate matter impairs mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediated DNA damage responses in lymphocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:406-419. [PMID: 29202419 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), broadly defined as coarse (2.5-10 μm), fine (0.1-2.5 μm) and ultrafine particles (≤0.1 μm), is a major constituent of ambient air pollution. Recent studies have linked PM exposure (coarse and fine particles) with several human diseases including cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ultrafine PM exposure induced cellular and sub-cellular repercussions are ill-defined. Since mitochondria are one of the major targets of different environmental pollutants, we herein aimed to understand the molecular repercussion of ultrafine PM exposure on mitochondrial machinery in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Upon comparative analysis, a significantly higher DCF fluorescence was observed in ultrafine PM exposed cells that confirmed the strong pro-oxidant nature of these particles. In addition, the depleted activity of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase suggested the strong association of ultrafine PM with oxidative stress. These results further coincided with mitochondrial membrane depolarization, altered mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activity and decline in mtDNA copy number. Moreover, the higher accumulation of DNA damage response proteins (γH2AX, pATM, p-p53), suggested that exposure to ultrafine PM induces DNA damage and triggers phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated response pathway. Further, the alterations in mitochondrial machinery and redox balance among ultrafine PM exposed cells were accompanied by a considerably elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Interestingly, the lower apoptosis levels observed in ultrafine particle treated cells suggest the possibility that the marked alterations may lead to the impairment of mitochondrial-nuclear cross talk. Together, our results showed that ultrafine PM, because of their smaller size possesses significant ability to disturb mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated DNA damage response pathway, an unknown molecular paradigm of ultrafine PM exposure. Our findings also indicate that maneuvering through the mitochondrial function might be a viable, indirect method to modulate lymphocyte homeostasis in air pollution associated immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Shivani Tamrakar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Aniket Aglawe
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Harsha Lad
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Narsee Moonjee Institute of Management Studies, Shirpur, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
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Sies H. On the history of oxidative stress: Concept and some aspects of current development. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fuster V. Editor-in-Chief's Top Picks From 2017. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:890-934. [PMID: 29471941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Each week, I record audio summaries for every article in JACC, as well as an issue summary. While this process has been time-consuming, I have become quite familiar with every paper that we publish. Thus, I personally select papers (both original investigations and review articles) from 15 distinct specialties each year for your review. In addition to my personal choices, I have included manuscripts that have been the most accessed or downloaded on our websites, as well as those selected by the JACC Editorial Board members. In order to present the full breadth of this important research in a consumable fashion, we will present these manuscripts in this issue of JACC. The highlights comprise the following sections: Basic & Translational Research, Cardiac Failure, Cardiomyopathies/Myocardial & Pericardial Diseases, Cardio-oncology, Congenital Heart Disease, Coronary Disease & Interventions, CVD Prevention & Health Promotion, Hypertension, Imaging, Metabolic & Lipid Disorders, Rhythm Disorders, Valvular Heart Disease, and Vascular Medicine (1-110).
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Robertson S, Miller MR. Ambient air pollution and thrombosis. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:1. [PMID: 29298690 PMCID: PMC5753450 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a growing public health concern of global significance. Acute and chronic exposure is known to impair cardiovascular function, exacerbate disease and increase cardiovascular mortality. Several plausible biological mechanisms have been proposed for these associations, however, at present, the pathways are incomplete. A seminal review by the American Heart Association (2010) concluded that the thrombotic effects of particulate air pollution likely contributed to their effects on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The aim of the current review is to appraise the newly accumulated scientific evidence (2009-2016) on contribution of haemostasis and thrombosis towards cardiovascular disease induced by exposure to both particulate and gaseous pollutants.Seventy four publications were reviewed in-depth. The weight of evidence suggests that acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces a shift in the haemostatic balance towards a pro-thrombotic/pro-coagulative state. Insufficient data was available to ascertain if a similar relationship exists for gaseous pollutants, and very few studies have addressed long-term exposure to ambient air pollution. Platelet activation, oxidative stress, interplay between interleukin-6 and tissue factor, all appear to be potentially important mechanisms in pollution-mediated thrombosis, together with an emerging role for circulating microvesicles and epigenetic changes.Overall, the recent literature supports, and arguably strengthens, the contention that air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbidity by promoting haemostasis. The volume and diversity of the evidence highlights the complexity of the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which air pollution promotes thrombosis; multiple pathways are plausible and it is most likely they act in concert. Future research should address the role gaseous pollutants play in the cardiovascular effects of air pollution mixture and direct comparison of potentially susceptible groups to healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Robertson
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RQ, UK.
| | - Mark R Miller
- University/BHF Centre of Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Gauer B, Brucker N, Barth A, Arbo MD, Gioda A, Thiesen FV, Nardi J, Garcia SC. Are metals and pyrene levels additional factors playing a pivotal role in air pollution-induced inflammation in taxi drivers? Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:8-12. [PMID: 30090557 PMCID: PMC6060951 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00203c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate which xenobiotic (As, Hg, Pb or pyrenes) is primarily responsible for the inflammatory process in taxi drivers. Multiple regression analysis showed that Hg is the main xenobiotic responsible for the increase of cytokine levels. These associations suggest that co-exposure to pollutants could be a risk factor for health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Gauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX) , Department of Analysis , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: (+55)51 3308-5297
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Federal University of Santa Maria , Roraima 1000 , 97105-900 , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | - Anelise Barth
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX) , Department of Analysis , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: (+55)51 3308-5297
| | - Marcelo D Arbo
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX) , Department of Analysis , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: (+55)51 3308-5297
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) , Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225 , 22451-900 , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Flávia V Thiesen
- Pharmacy Faculty and Toxicology Institute , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 6681 , 90619-900 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Jessica Nardi
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX) , Department of Analysis , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: (+55)51 3308-5297
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Solange C Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX) , Department of Analysis , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: (+55)51 3308-5297
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Av. Ipiranga 2752 , 90610-000 , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
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