151
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O/W emulsions stabilised by solid lipid particles: Understanding how the particles’ Pickering functionality can be retained post their dehydration and subsequent rehydration. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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152
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Impact of excipient choice on the aerodynamic performance of inhalable spray-freeze-dried powders. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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153
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Wen Y, Wang Y, Chelariu-Raicu A, Stur E, Liu Y, Corvigno S, Bartsch F, Redfern L, Zand B, Kang Y, Liu J, Baggerly K, Sood AK. Blockade of the Short Form of Prolactin Receptor Induces FOXO3a/EIF-4EBP1-Mediated Cell Death in Uterine Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1943-1954. [PMID: 32737156 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal activity of human prolactin (PRL) and its membrane-associated receptor (PRLR) contributes to the progression of uterine carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood, and current means of targeting the PRL/PRLR axis in uterine cancer are limited. Our integrated analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases demonstrated that a short form of PRLR (PRLR_SF) is the isoform predominantly expressed in human uterine cancers; expression of this PRLR_SF was elevated in uterine cancers in comparison with cancer-free uterine tissues. We hypothesized that the overexpression of PRLR_SF in uterine cancer cells contributes, in part, to the oncogenic activity of the PRL/PRLR axis. Next, we employed G129R, an antagonist of human PRL, to block the PRL/PRLR axis in both PTEN wt and PTEN mut orthotopic mouse models of uterine cancer. In comparison with control groups, treatment with G129R as monotherapy or in combination with paclitaxel resulted in a significant reduction of growth and progression of orthotopic uterine tumors. Results from protein profiling of uterine cancer cells and in vivo tumors revealed a set of new downstream targets for G129R. Our results showed that G129R induced sub-G0 population arrest, decreased nascent protein synthesis, and initiated FOXO3a/EIF-4EBP1-mediated cell death in both PTEN wt and PTEN mut uterine cancer cells. Collectively, our results show a unique pattern of PRLR_SF expression predominantly in uterine cancer. Moreover, FOXO3a and EIF-4EBP1 are important mediators of cell death following G129R treatment in uterine cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elaine Stur
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Sara Corvigno
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Faith Bartsch
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Lauren Redfern
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Behrouz Zand
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keith Baggerly
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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154
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Kammari R, Topp EM. Effects of Secondary Structure on Solid-State Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange in Model α-Helix and β-Sheet Peptides. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3501-3512. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajashekar Kammari
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Topp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Belfield, Blackrock, Co., Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
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155
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Dinu MV, Dinu IA, Saxer SS, Meier W, Pieles U, Bruns N. Stabilizing Enzymes within Polymersomes by Coencapsulation of Trehalose. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:134-145. [PMID: 32567847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are essential biocatalysts and very attractive as therapeutics. However, their functionality is strictly related to their stability, which is significantly affected by the environmental changes occurring during their usage or long-term storage. Therefore, maintaining the activity of enzymes is essential when they are exposed to high temperature during usage or when they are stored for extended periods of time. Here, we stabilize and protect enzymes by coencapsulating them with trehalose into polymersomes. The anhydrobiotic disaccharide preserved up to about 81% of the enzyme's original activity when laccase/trehalose-loaded nanoreactors were kept desiccated for 2 months at room temperature and 75% of its activity when heated at 50 °C for 3 weeks. Moreover, the applicability of laccase/trehalose-loaded nanoreactors as catalysts for bleaching of the textile dyes orange G, toluidine blue O, and indigo was proven. Our results demonstrate the advantages of coencapsulating trehalose within polymersomes to stabilize enzymes in dehydrated state for extended periods of time, preserving their activity even when heated to elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valentina Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sina S Saxer
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pieles
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Nico Bruns
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
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156
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Larsen JM, Bang-Berthelsen CH, Qvortrup K, Sancho AI, Hansen AH, Andersen KIH, Thacker SSN, Eiwegger T, Upton J, Bøgh KL. Production of allergen-specific immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergy. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:881-894. [PMID: 32515236 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1772194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (IT) is emerging as a viable avenue for the treatment of food allergies. Clinical trials currently investigate raw or slightly processed foods as therapeutic agents, as trials using food-grade agents can be performed without the strict regulations to which conventional drugs are subjected. However, this limits the ability of standardization and may affect clinical trial outcomes and reproducibility. Herein, we provide an overview of methods used in the production of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergies, including processed foods, allergen extracts, recombinant allergens, and synthetic peptides, as well as the physical and chemical processes for the reduction of protein allergenicity. Commercial interests currently favor producing standardized drug-grade allergen extracts for therapeutic use, and clinical trials are ongoing. In the near future, recombinant production could replace purification strategies since it allows the manufacturing of pure, native allergens or sequence-modified allergens with reduced allergenicity. A recurring issue within this field is the inadequate reporting of production procedures, quality control, product physicochemical characteristics, allergenicity, and immunological properties. This information is of vital importance in assessing therapeutic standardization and clinical safety profile, which are central parameters for the development of future therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madura Larsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana Isabel Sancho
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Upton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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157
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Wenzel T, Gieseler M, Gieseler H. Investigation of Two Different Pressure-Based Controlled Ice Nucleation Techniques in Freeze-Drying: The Integral Role of Shelf Temperature After Nucleation in Process Performance and Product Quality. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2746-2756. [PMID: 32497596 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of shelf temperature modifications during application of controlled ice nucleation techniques on process data and critical product quality attributes for a challenging, high-concentration and high-fill volume amorphous model system. Different freezing programs were applied and compared for the mechanistically different depressurization and vacuum-induced surface freezing techniques. Critical process data, such as product temperature and drying time, were analyzed. The final products were characterized with a focus on product morphology, residual moisture, reconstitution time and stability. The shelf temperature directly after primary nucleation showed a major influence on process performance and product quality attributes, with an isothermal hold step at an intermediate temperature leading to optimal results in terms of homogeneity and reduction of product temperatures and drying time for the model system used. The different controlled ice nucleation techniques led to significantly different results in terms of product morphology and process data, showing that the two mechanistically different controlled nucleation techniques are not interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wenzel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuernberg, Freeze Drying Focus Group (FDFG), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; GILYOS GmbH, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Margit Gieseler
- GILYOS GmbH, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henning Gieseler
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuernberg, Freeze Drying Focus Group (FDFG), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; GILYOS GmbH, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany.
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158
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López-García JS, García-Lozano I, Rivas L, Viso-Garrote M, Raposo R, Méndez MT. Lyophilized Autologous Serum Eyedrops: Experimental and Comparative Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 213:260-266. [PMID: 32006480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the biological stability of autologous serum eyedrops after lyophilization. DESIGN Prospective, comparative experimental study. METHODS This was a comparative study with serum obtained from 12 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of different epitheliotropic factors (eg, transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β1], epidermal growth factor [EGF], platelet-derived growth factor AB [PDGF-AB], and albumin) were measured in fresh and lyophilized serum. The samples were studied after serum preparation (fresh serum) and immediately after saline solution reconstitution of lyophilized serum (0), 15, and 30 days later. The biological effects of both serum samples were also compared on conjunctival and corneal cell cultures. The pH, osmolarity, and serum density were also determined. RESULTS No significant differences were found in the concentration of growth factors between fresh serum and re-dissolved serum samples after lyophilization. The concentration of growth factors remained stable during 1 month at 4°C in re-dissolved lyophilized form with saline solution. No differences were found related to osmolarity, pH, and density between fresh and lyophilized serum. In addition, no differences were found on the conjunctival and corneal cells proliferation and differentiation in cells cultures between either serum preparation. CONCLUSIONS The properties of autologous serum remain after lyophilization. The lyophilized serum can be easily stored without temperature restrictions and easily reconstituted for preparation of eyedrops for standard clinical use.
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159
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Qian C, Wang G, Wang X, Barnard J, Gao JQ, Bao W, Wang H, Li F, Ingle RG, Fang WJ. Formation of protein sub-visible particles during powder grinding of a monoclonal antibody. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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160
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161
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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Stickings P, Hassall L, Tierney R, Williams DR. The Influence of Moisture Content and Temperature on the Long-Term Storage Stability of Freeze-Dried High Concentration Immunoglobulin G (IgG). Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040303. [PMID: 32230795 PMCID: PMC7238084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High protein concentration products for targeted therapeutic use are often freeze-dried to enhance stability. The long-term storage stability of freeze-dried (FD) plasma-derived Immunoglobulin G (IgG) from moderate to high concentrations (10-200 mg/mL) was assessed. Monomer content, binding activity and reconstitution times were evaluated over a 12-month period under accelerated and real-term storage conditions. In the first case study it was shown that FD IgG from 10 to 200 mg/mL had minimal monomer/activity losses at up to ambient temperature after 12 months of storage. However, at 45 °C the sucrose-to-protein ratio played a significant impact on IgG stability above 50 mg/mL. All IgG concentrations witnessed moisture ingress over a 12-month period. The impact of moisture ingress from environmental exposure (between 0.1% and 5% w/w moisture) for IgG 50 mg/mL was assessed, being generated by exposing low moisture batches to an atmospheric environment for fixed time periods. Results showed that at -20 °C and 20 °C there was no significant difference in terms of monomer or antigen-binding activity losses over 6 months. However, at 45 °C, there were losses in monomer content, seemingly worse for higher moisture content samples although model binding activity indicated no losses. Finally, the difference between a low moisture product (0.1-1% w/w) and a moderately high moisture (3% w/w) product generated by alternative freeze-drying cycles, both stoppered under low oxygen headspace conditions, was evaluated. Results showed that at -20 °C and 20 °C there was no difference in terms of binding activity or monomer content. However, at 45 °C, the low moisture samples had greater monomer and binding activity losses than samples from the highest moisture cycle batch, indicating that over-drying can be an issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Duralliu
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- Standardisation Science, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK;
| | - Paul Stickings
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Laura Hassall
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Robert Tierney
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Daryl R. Williams
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207-594-5611
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162
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Sugo K, Ebara M. A simple spectrophotometric evaluation method for the hydrophobic anticancer drug paclitaxel. PEERJ ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj-achem.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate a simple spectrophotometry approach to more accurately quantify and measure paclitaxel (PTX) concentrations. PTX cannot be precisely quantified when mixed with an aqueous solvent, and carries the risk of undergoing crystal precipitation. It is likely that PTX undergoes numerous interactions with aqueous solvents and enters a supersaturated state due to its low solubility. Therefore, a quantitative method is required to measure PTX for quality control before clinical use. Although several high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have been reported to date, not all medical facilities have a clinical laboratory with such HPLC devices and analysis techniques. Spectroscopy is a simple and convenient method; however, calibration standards are prepared with an organic solvent, such as methanol and acetonitrile, which, when mixed with PTX, can cause solvent effects that lead to inaccurate results. We generated a calibration curve of PTX at various concentrations (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%) of methanol and evaluated the relative error from HPLC results. The optimum methanol concentration for quantification of PTX was 65.8%, which corresponded to the minimum relative error. The detection limit and quantification limit were 0.030 μg/mL and 0.092 μg/mL, respectively. It was possible to predict the PTX concentration even when polyoxyethylene castor oil and anhydrous ethanol were added, as in the commercially available PTX formulation, by diluting 32-fold with saline after mixing. Our findings show that PTX can be more accurately quantified using a calibration curve when prepared in a methanol/water mixture without the need for special devices or techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sugo
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo, Japan
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163
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Muralidhara BK, Wong M. Critical considerations in the formulation development of parenteral biologic drugs. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:574-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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164
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Son WS, Park HJ, Lee CJ, Kim SN, Song SU, Park G, Lee YW. Supercritical drying of vascular endothelial growth factor in mesenchymal stem cells culture fluids. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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165
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Lim HK, Hong SH, Bae SM, Choi IY, Kim HH. A Liquid Formulation of a Long-acting Erythropoietin Conjugate. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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166
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Development of a Lyophilization Process for Campylobacter Bacteriophage Storage and Transport. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020282. [PMID: 32093083 PMCID: PMC7074765 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are a sustainable alternative to control pathogenic bacteria in the post-antibiotic era. Despite promising reports, there are still obstacles to phage use, notably titer stability and transport-associated expenses for applications in food and agriculture. In this study, we have developed a lyophilization approach to maintain phage titers, ensure efficacy and reduce transport costs of Campylobacter bacteriophages. Lyophilization methods were adopted with various excipients to enhance stabilization in combination with packaging options for international transport. Lyophilization of Eucampyvirinae CP30A using tryptone formed a cake that limited processing titer reduction to 0.35 ± 0.09 log10 PFU mL−1. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the initial titer reduction was associated with capsid collapse of a subpopulation. Freeze-dried phages were generally stable under refrigerated vacuum conditions and showed no significant titer changes over 3 months incubation at 4 °C (p = 0.29). Reduced stability was observed for lyophilized phages that were incubated either at 30 °C under vacuum or at 4 °C at 70% or 90% relative humidity. Refrigerated international transport and rehydration of the cake resulted in a total phage titer reduction of 0.81 ± 0.44 log10 PFU mL−1. A significantly higher titer loss was observed for phages that were not refrigerated during transport (2.03 ± 0.32 log10 PFU mL−1). We propose that lyophilization offers a convenient method to preserve and transport Campylobacter phages, with minimal titer reduction after the drying process.
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167
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Milani S, Faghihi H, Roulholamini Najafabadi A, Amini M, Montazeri H, Vatanara A. Hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin: a water-replacement agent or a surfactant upon spray freeze-drying of IgG with enhanced stability and aerosolization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:403-411. [PMID: 32064950 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1724131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The great potential of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HPßCD), as a dried-protein stabilizer, has been attributed to various mechanisms namely water-replacement, vitrification and surfactant-like effects. Highlighting the best result in our previous study (weight ratio IgG: HPßCD of 1:0.4), herein we designed to evaluate the efficacy of upper (1:2) and lower (1:0.05) ratios of HPßCD in stabilization and aerosol properties of spray freeze-dried IgG. The protective effect of HPβCD, as measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was most pronounced at C3' and C3″, IgG:trehalose:HPβCD ratios of 1:2:0.25 and 1:2:0.05 with aggregation rate constants of 0.46 ± 0.02 and 0.58 ± 0.01 (1/month), respectively. The secondary conformations were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and all powders well-preserved with the lack of any visible fragments qualified through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PPAGE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and twin stage impinger (TSI) were employed to characterize the suitability of particles for further inhalation therapy of antibodies and the highest values of fine particle fraction (FPF) were achieved by C3' and C3″, 56.43 and 48.12%. The powders produced at the current ratio 1:2:0.25 and 1:2:0.05 are superior to our previous examination with regards to manifesting lower aggregation and comparable FPF values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Milani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Faghihi
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Vatanara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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168
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Rautiola D, Updyke JL, Nelson KM, Siegel RA. Diazepam Prodrug Stabilizes Human Aminopeptidase B during Lyophilization. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:453-460. [PMID: 31829605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human aminopeptidase B (APB) is a labile enzyme that is being investigated as a biocatalyst for intranasal delivery of prodrug/enzyme combinations. Therefore, the stability of APB is a major concern to ensure a viable drug product. Lyophilization is one technique commonly used to extend shelf life of enzymes. However, the lyophilization process itself can cause conformational changes and aggregation, leading to inactivation of enzymes. In this study, we demonstrate the use of the substrate avizafone (AVF), a prodrug for diazepam, as a stabilizer to minimize inactivation of APB during lyophilization. Permutations of APB samples combined with AVF, trehalose, and/or mannitol were snap-frozen and lyophilized, and subsequently reconstituted to measure the activity of APB. Of the formulation permutations, an APB + AVF + trehalose combination resulted in minimum degradation with 71% retention of activity. This was followed by APB + AVF and APB + trehalose with 60 and 56% retention of activity, respectively. In comparison, APB + mannitol and APB alone retained only 16 and 6.4% activity, respectively. Lyophilizates of the APB + AVF + trehalose formulation were subjected to a 6 month accelerated stability study, at the end of which negligible reduction in activity was observed. These results suggest that colyophilization of an enzyme with its substrate can impart stability on par with the commonly used lyoprotectant, trehalose, but the combination of substrate and trehalose provides a greater stabilizing effect than either additive alone.
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169
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Excipients in freeze-dried biopharmaceuticals: Contributions toward formulation stability and lyophilisation cycle optimisation. Int J Pharm 2020; 576:119029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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170
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Simon N, Sperber C, Voigtländer C, Born J, Gilbert DF, Seyferth S, Lee G, Kappes B, Friedrich O. Improved stability of polyclonal antibodies: A case study with lyophilization-conserved antibodies raised against epitopes from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 142:105086. [PMID: 31626961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies can be produced as polyclonal (pAb) or monoclonal (mAb) liquid formulations with limited shelf-life. For pAbs, unlike mAbs, only little is known about excipients and lyophilization affecting antibody stability upon reconstitution. We used a model pAb directed against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase 2 (Pdx2) to systemically study effects of bulking agents (amino acids, phosphate buffers, salt solutions), sugar(alcohols), surfactants and protein additions (bovine serum albumin, BSA) in liquid pAb formulations (isolated or in combinations) on the activity to detect the antigen in Pf extracts by Western blots. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles (20x) and extended room temperature storage markedly compromised pAb stability, the former being ameliorated by addition of cryoprotectants (glycerol, sucrose). Lyophilization of pure liquid pAb formulation markedly decreased antibody reactivity upon reconstitution which was not preserved by most bulking agents tested (e.g., histidine, arginine, acetate). Among the tested salt solutions (NaCl, Ringer, PBS), phosphate buffered saline had the largest lyoprotective potential, alongside sucrose, but not trehalose or maltitol. Among combinations of excipients, PBS, sucrose, low concentration BSA and Tween potently preserved PfPdx2 stability. Results for PBS were transferable to PfEnolase pAb, indicating that some of the formulations investigated here might be a low-cost solution for more general applicability to pAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Simon
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany.
| | - Christine Sperber
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany; Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Cornelia Voigtländer
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Julia Born
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Daniel F Gilbert
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Stefan Seyferth
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Geoffrey Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Barbara Kappes
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany.
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171
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Ishii-Watabe A, Shibata H, Suetomo H, Ikeda Y, Telikepalli S, Kiyoshi M, Hayashi Y, Muto T, Tanaka Y, Ueda S, Iwura T, Saitoh S, Aoyama M, Harazono A, Hyuga M, Goda Y, Torisu T, Uchiyama S. Recent Achievements and Current Interests in Research on the Characterization and Quality Control of Biopharmaceuticals in Japan. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:1652-1661. [PMID: 31927040 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
As reported in the previous commentary (Ishii-Watabe et al., J Pharm Sci 2017), the Japanese biopharmaceutical research group is promoting collaborative multilaboratory studies to evaluate and standardize new methodologies for biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control. We have conducted the studies and held 2 annual meetings in 2018 and 2019. At the 2018 meeting, Dr. Rukman DeSilva of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Dr. Srivalli Telikepalli of the National Institute of Standards and Technology participated as guest speakers. At the 2019 meeting, we invited Prof. John Carpenter of the University of Colorado, Prof. Gerhard Winter and Prof. Wolfgang Friess of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and Dr. Tim Menzen of Coriolis Pharma Research, as guest commentators. In both meetings, the main research topic was strategies for the characterization and control of protein aggregates/subvisible particles in drug products. Specifically, the use of the light obscuration method for insoluble particulate matter testing with reduced injection volumes, and a comparison of analytical performance between flow imaging and light obscuration were discussed. Other topics addressed included host cell protein analysis, bioassay, and quality control strategies. In this commentary, the recent achievements of the research group, meeting discussions, and future perspectives are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Shibata
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetomo
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1, Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ikeda
- Quality Development Department, Chugai Pharma Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 5-5-1, Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543, Japan
| | | | - Masato Kiyoshi
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Takashi Muto
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Yukako Tanaka
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Satomi Ueda
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Takafumi Iwura
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1, Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saitoh
- Quality Development Department, Chugai Pharma Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 5-5-1, Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543, Japan
| | - Michihiko Aoyama
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Akira Harazono
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Masashi Hyuga
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Goda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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172
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Cerdán‐Leal MA, López‐Alarcón CA, Ortiz‐Basurto RI, Luna‐Solano G, Jiménez‐Fernández M. Influence of heat denaturation and freezing–lyophilization on physicochemical and functional properties of quinoa protein isolate. Cereal Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guadalupe Luna‐Solano
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba Orizaba Veracruz México
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173
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Casanova A, Cuartero M, Alacid Y, Almagro CM, García-Cánovas F, García MS, Ortuño JA. A sustainable amperometric biosensor for the analysis of ascorbic, benzoic, gallic and kojic acids through catechol detection. Innovation and signal processing. Analyst 2020; 145:3645-3655. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02523e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable catechol biosensor for the analysis of beverages and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Casanova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
| | - María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Engineering Science in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Healthcare
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
| | - Yolanda Alacid
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
| | - Carmen M. Almagro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
| | - Francisco García-Cánovas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A
- Faculty of Biology
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
| | - María S. García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
| | - Joaquín A. Ortuño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Murcia
- Murcia E-30100
- Spain
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174
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Ghosh S, Aggarwal K, U. VT, Nguyen T, Han J, Ahn CH. A new microchannel capillary flow assay (MCFA) platform with lyophilized chemiluminescence reagents for a smartphone-based POCT detecting malaria. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2020; 6:5. [PMID: 34567620 PMCID: PMC8433401 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-019-0108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There has been a considerable development in microfluidic based immunodiagnostics over the past few years which has greatly favored the growth of novel point-of-care-testing (POCT). However, the realization of an inexpensive, low-power POCT needs cheap and disposable microfluidic devices that can perform autonomously with minimum user intervention. This work, for the first time, reports the development of a new microchannel capillary flow assay (MCFA) platform that can perform chemiluminescence based ELISA with lyophilized chemiluminescent reagents. This new MCFA platform exploits the ultra-high sensitivity of chemiluminescent detection while eliminating the shortcomings associated with liquid reagent handling, control of assay sequence and user intervention. The functionally designed microchannels along with adequate hydrophilicity produce a sequential flow of assay reagents and autonomously performs the ultra-high sensitive chemiluminescence based ELISA for the detection of malaria biomarker such as PfHRP2. The MCFA platform with no external flow control and simple chemiluminescence detection can easily communicate with smartphone via USB-OTG port using a custom-designed optical detector. The use of the smartphone for display, data transfer, storage and analysis, as well as the source of power allows the development of a smartphone based POCT analyzer for disease diagnostics. This paper reports a limit of detection (LOD) of 8 ng/mL by the smartphone analyzer which is sensitive enough to detect active malarial infection. The MCFA platform developed with the smartphone analyzer can be easily customized for different biomarkers, so a hand-held POCT for various infectious diseases can be envisaged with full networking capability at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sthitodhi Ghosh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Microsystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Kashish Aggarwal
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Microsystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Vinitha T. U.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Microsystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Thinh Nguyen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Microsystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Jungyoup Han
- Mico BioMed USA Inc., 10999 Reed Hartman Highway, STE 309C, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA
| | - Chong H. Ahn
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Microsystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
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175
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Shetty N, Cipolla D, Park H, Zhou QT. Physical stability of dry powder inhaler formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:77-96. [PMID: 31815554 PMCID: PMC6981243 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1702643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are popular for pulmonary drug delivery. Various techniques have been employed to produce inhalation drug particles and improve the delivery efficiency of DPI formulations. Physical stability of these DPI formulations is critical to ensure the delivery of a reproducible dose to the airways over the shelf-life.Areas covered: This review focuses on the impact of solid-state stability on aerosolization performance of DPI drug particles manufactured by powder production approaches and particle-engineering techniques. It also highlights the different analytical tools that can be used to characterize the physical instability originating from production and storage.Expert opinion: A majority of the DPI literature focuses on the effects of physico-chemical properties such as size, morphology, and density on aerosolization. While little has been reported on the physical stability, particularly the stability of engineered drug particles for use in DPIs. Literature data have shown that different particle-engineering methods and storage conditions may cause physical instability of dry powders for inhalation and can significantly change the aerosol performance. A systematic examination of physical instability mechanisms in DPI formulations is necessary during formulation development in order to select the optimum formulation with satisfactory stability. In addition, the use of appropriate characterization tools is critical to detect and understand physical instability during the development of DPI formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Shetty
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - David Cipolla
- Insmed Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ 08807-3365, USA
| | - Heejun Park
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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176
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Oddone I, Arsiccio A, Duru C, Malik K, Ferguson J, Pisano R, Matejtschuk P. Vacuum-Induced Surface Freezing for the Freeze-Drying of the Human Growth Hormone: How Does Nucleation Control Affect Protein Stability? J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:254-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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177
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Snell JR, Kumar NSK, Suryanarayanan R, Randolph TW. Nanobubbles in Reconstituted Lyophilized Formulations: Interaction With Proteins and Mechanism of Formation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:284-292. [PMID: 31095959 PMCID: PMC6851470 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitution of lyophilized disaccharide formulations results in the formation of nanosized air bubbles that persist in suspension for weeks. If proteins are present, interactions with nanobubbles may cause loss of monomeric protein and formation of subvisible particles. The goals of this work are to determine the mechanism(s) by which nanobubbles form in reconstituted lyophilized formulations and to develop strategies for reducing nanobubble generation. We hypothesize that nanobubbles are created from nanosized gas pockets within lyophilized solids, which become bubbles when the surrounding matrix is dissolved away during reconstitution. Nanosized voids may originate from small ice crystals formed within the concentrated liquid during freezing that subsequently sublime during drying. Nanobubble concentrations are correlated with the extent of mannitol crystallization during freezing. Nanosized ice crystals, induced by the release of water during mannitol crystallization, were responsible for nanobubble formation. The presence of trehalose or sucrose, in formulations with low mannitol concentrations, inhibited excipient crystallization during lyophilization and reduced nanobubble levels following reconstitution. Our results show a correlation between nanobubble formation and concentrations of insoluble IL-1ra aggregates, suggesting that minimizing nanobubble generation may be an effective strategy for reducing protein aggregation following reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared R Snell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - N S Krishna Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Raj Suryanarayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309.
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178
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Ferrado JB, Perez AA, Ruiz MC, León IE, Santiago LG. Chrysin-loaded bovine serum albumin particles as bioactive nanosupplements. Food Funct 2020; 11:6007-6019. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00299b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Freeze-dried Chrys-loaded BSAnp retained their properties after reconstitution and induced apoptosis on breast cancer cells. BSAnp-70-11 (smallest sized) was the most cytotoxic system with a gastrointestinal release of 14% Chrys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana B. Ferrado
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina
- CONICET
- Santa Fe
- Argentina
- Área de Biocoloides y Nanotecnología
| | - Adrián A. Perez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina
- CONICET
- Santa Fe
- Argentina
- Área de Biocoloides y Nanotecnología
| | - Maria C. Ruiz
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-UNLP)
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Ignacio E. León
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-UNLP)
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Liliana G. Santiago
- Área de Biocoloides y Nanotecnología
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química
- Universidad Nacional del Litoral (ITA-FIQ-UNL)
- Santa Fe
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179
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Gitter JH, Geidobler R, Presser I, Winter G. Microwave-Assisted Freeze-Drying of Monoclonal Antibodies: Product Quality Aspects and Storage Stability. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E674. [PMID: 31842296 PMCID: PMC6956074 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to overcome the downside of long conventional freeze-drying (CFD) process times for monoclonal antibody formulations, microwave-assisted freeze-drying (MFD) was introduced. Recently, the general applicability and potential shortening of drying times were shown. However, little is known about the storage stability of MFD products compared to CFD references. Additionally, batch homogeneity issues were seen within MFD in the past. In this study, we examined four different formulations of two different monoclonal antibodies using three different glass-forming excipients: sucrose, trehalose, and arginine phosphate. These formulations were freeze-dried with two different drying protocols (CFD and MFD), stored for 24 weeks, and analyzed for solid-state and protein-related quality attributes. Moreover, a new microwave generator setup was investigated for its potential to improve batch homogeneity. In all investigated formulations, comparable stability profiles were found, although the classical magnetron generator led to inferior batch homogeneity with respect to residual moisture distribution. In contrast, the new MFD setup indicated the potential to approximate batch homogeneity to the level of CFD. However, for future applications, there is an unabated need for new machine designs to comply with pharmaceutical manufacturing requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hendryk Gitter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Raimund Geidobler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Ingo Presser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
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180
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Sugar and Polymer Excipients Enhance Uptake and Splice-Switching Activity of Peptide-Dendrimer/Lipid/Oligonucleotide Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11120666. [PMID: 31835435 PMCID: PMC6955847 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-viral transfection vectors are commonly used for oligonucleotide (ON) delivery but face many challenges before reaching the desired compartments inside cells. With the support of additional compounds, it might be more feasible for a vector to endure the barriers and achieve efficient delivery. In this report, we screened 18 different excipients and evaluated their effect on the performance of peptide dendrimer/lipid vector to deliver single-stranded, splice-switching ONs under serum conditions. Transfection efficiency was monitored in four different reporter cell lines by measuring splice-switching activity on RNA and protein levels. All reporter cell lines used had a mutated human β-globin intron 2 sequence interrupting the luciferase gene, which led to an aberrant splicing of luciferase pre-mRNA and subsidence of luciferase protein translation. In the HeLa Luc/705 reporter cell line (a cervical cancer cell line), the lead excipients (Polyvinyl derivatives) potentiated the splice-switching activity up to 95-fold, compared to untreated cells with no detected cytotoxicity. Physical characterization revealed that lead excipients decreased the particle size and the zeta potential of the formulations. In vivo biodistribution studies emphasized the influence of formulations as well as the type of excipients on biodistribution profiles of the ON. Subsequently, we suggest that the highlighted impact of tested excipients would potentially assist in formulation development to deliver ON therapeutics in pre-clinical and clinical settings.
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181
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Auvinen VV, Merivaara A, Kiiskinen J, Paukkonen H, Laurén P, Hakkarainen T, Koivuniemi R, Sarkanen R, Ylikomi T, Laaksonen T, Yliperttula M. Effects of nanofibrillated cellulose hydrogels on adipose tissue extract and hepatocellular carcinoma cell spheroids in freeze-drying. Cryobiology 2019; 91:137-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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182
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Apparent protein cloud point temperature determination using a low volume high-throughput cryogenic device in combination with automated imaging. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:439-456. [PMID: 31754791 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Short-term parameters correlating to long-term protein stability, such as the protein cloud point temperature (Tcloud), are of interest to improve efficiency during protein product development. Such efficiency is reached if short-term parameters are obtained in a low volume and high-throughput (HT) manner. This study presents a low volume HT detection method for (sub-zero) Tcloud determination of lysozyme, as such an experimental method is not available yet. The setup consists of a cryogenic device with an automated imaging system. Measurement reproducibility (median absolute deviation of 0.2 °C) and literature-based parameter validation (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.996) were shown by a robustness and validation study. The subsequent case study demonstrated a partial correlation between the obtained apparent Tcloud parameter and long-term protein stability as a function of lysozyme concentration, ion type, ionic strength, and freeze/thaw stress. The presented experimental setup demonstrates its ability to advance short-term strategies for efficient protein formulation development.
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183
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Nouraei MS, Faghihi H, Najafabadi AR, Zadeh AHM, Darabi M, Vatanara A. Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:327. [PMID: 31659590 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The calculated responses were Y1, 0-0.90%; Y2, 0.4-4.3%; Y3, 2.10-13.46%; and Y4, 0.16-0.69 1/month. The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. The models were statistically well-fitted. The optimized formulation was amorphous during freeze-drying (FD), and no fragmentation was observed. Trehalose and HSA demonstrated statistical synergism. CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody.
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184
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Nguyen KTT, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. Inhomogeneous Distribution of Components in Solid Protein Pharmaceuticals: Origins, Consequences, Analysis, and Resolutions. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:134-153. [PMID: 31606540 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Successful development of stable solid protein formulations usually requires the addition of one or several excipients to achieve optimal stability. In these products, there is a potential risk of an inhomogeneous distribution of the various ingredients, specifically the ratio of protein and stabilizer may vary. Such inhomogeneity can be detrimental for stability but is mostly neglected in literature. In the past, it was challenging to analyze inhomogeneous component distribution, but recent advances in analytical techniques have revealed new options to investigate this phenomenon. This paper aims to review fundamental aspects of the inhomogeneous distribution of components of freeze-dried and spray-dried protein formulations. Four key topics will be presented and discussed, including the sources of component inhomogeneity, its consequences on protein stability, the analytical methods to reveal component inhomogeneity, and possible solutions to prevent or mitigate inhomogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh T T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter L J Hinrichs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
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185
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Beugeling M, Amssoms K, Cox F, De Clerck B, Van Gulck E, Verwoerd JA, Kraus G, Roymans D, Baert L, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. Development of a Stable Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion Protein Powder Suitable for a Core-Shell Implant with a Delayed Release in Mice: A Proof of Concept Study. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11100510. [PMID: 31623333 PMCID: PMC6835792 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is an increasing interest to apply pre-fusion (pre-F) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as antigen for the development of a subunit vaccine. A pre-F-containing powder would increase the flexibility regarding the route of administration. For instance, a pre-F-containing powder could be incorporated into a single-injection system releasing a primer, and after a lag time, a booster. The most challenging aspect, obtaining the booster after a lag time, may be achieved by incorporating the powder into a core encapsulated by a nonporous poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) shell. We intended to develop a stable freeze-dried pre-F-containing powder. Furthermore, we investigated whether incorporation of this powder into the core-shell implant was feasible and whether this system would induce a delayed RSV virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) response in mice. The developed pre-F-containing powder, consisting of pre-F in a matrix of inulin, HEPES, sodium chloride, and Tween 80, was stable during freeze-drying and storage for at least 28 days at 60 °C. Incorporation of this powder into the core-shell implant was feasible and the core-shell production process did not affect the stability of pre-F. An in vitro release study showed that pre-F was incompletely released from the core-shell implant after a lag time of 4 weeks. The incomplete release may be the result of pre-F instability within the core-shell implant during the lag time and requires further research. Mice subcutaneously immunized with a pre-F-containing core-shell implant showed a delayed RSV VNA response that corresponded with pre-F release from the core-shell implant after a lag time of approximately 4 weeks. Moreover, pre-F-containing core-shell implants were able to boost RSV VNA titers of primed mice after a lag time of 4 weeks. These findings could contribute to the development of a single-injection pre-F-based vaccine containing a primer and a booster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Beugeling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Katie Amssoms
- Drug Product Development_Developability, Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Freek Cox
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben De Clerck
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Ellen Van Gulck
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Jeroen A Verwoerd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Guenter Kraus
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Roymans
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Lieven Baert
- Jalima Pharma bvba, Jozef Van Walleghemstraat 11, 8200 Brugge, Belgium.
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wouter L J Hinrichs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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186
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Fu Y, Rathod D, Abo-Ali EM, Dukhande VV, Patel K. EphA2-Receptor Targeted PEGylated Nanoliposomes for the Treatment of BRAF V600E Mutated Parent- and Vemurafenib-Resistant Melanoma. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11100504. [PMID: 31581483 PMCID: PMC6836218 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcomes of malignant melanoma have improved with the introduction of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors. However, off-target toxicities of the MEK inhibitor trametinib (TMB) often result in dose interruption and discontinuation of therapy. The purpose of this study was to anchor a physically stable EphrinA1-mimicking peptide known as YSA (YSAYPDSVPMMS) on TMB-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (YTPLs), and evaluate them in BRAFV600E-mutated parent cells (lines A375 and SK-MEL-28) and vemurafenib-resistant cells lines (A375R and SK-MEL-28R) in melanoma. TMB-loaded PEGylated liposomes (TPL) functionalized with nickel-chelated phospholipids were prepared using a modified hydration method. The hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential values of optimized YTPL were 91.20 ± 12.16 nm and –0.92 ± 3.27 mV, respectively. The drug release study showed TPL did not leak or burst release in 24 h. The hemolysis observed was negligible at therapeutic concentrations of TMB. A differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study confirmed that TMB was retained in a solubilized state within lipid bilayers. YTPL showed higher intracellular uptake in parental cell lines compared to vemurafenib-resistant cell lines. Western blot analysis and a cytotoxicity study with the EphA2 inhibitor confirmed a reduction in EphA2 expression in resistant cell lines. Thus, EphA2 receptor-targeted nanoliposomes can be useful for metastatic melanoma-specific delivery of TMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Fu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Drishti Rathod
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ehab M Abo-Ali
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vikas V Dukhande
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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187
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Chakraborty A, Royce SG, Plebanski M, Selomulya C. Glycine microparticles loaded with functionalized nanoparticles for pulmonary delivery. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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188
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Geraldes DC, Beraldo-de-Araújo VL, Pardo BOP, Pessoa Junior A, Stephano MA, de Oliveira-Nascimento L. Protein drug delivery: current dosage form profile and formulation strategies. J Drug Target 2019; 28:339-355. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1669043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Costa Geraldes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Lucia Beraldo-de-Araújo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Laura de Oliveira-Nascimento
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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189
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Takekiyo T, Miyazaki K, Watanabe Y, Uesugi Y, Tanaka S, Ishikawa Y, Yoshimura Y. Solubilization and recovery of heat-aggregated cytochrome c using alkylammonium nitrate. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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190
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Mah PT, O'Connell P, Focaroli S, Lundy R, O'Mahony TF, Hastedt JE, Gitlin I, Oscarson S, Fahy JV, Healy AM. The use of hydrophobic amino acids in protecting spray dried trehalose formulations against moisture-induced changes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 144:139-153. [PMID: 31536784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose is commonly used as a protein stabilizer in spray dried protein formulations delivered via the pulmonary route. Spray dried trehalose formulations are highly hygroscopic, which makes them prone to deliquescence and recrystallization when exposed to moisture, leading to impairment in aerosolization performance. The main aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of hydrophobic amino acids (i.e. L-leucine and L-isoleucine) in enhancing aerosolization performance and in mitigating moisture-induced changes in spray dried trehalose formulations. Trehalose was spray dried with 20-60% w/w of amino acid (i.e. L-leucine or L-isoleucine). The spray dried formulations were stored at 25 °C/50% RH for 28 days. Solid state characterization and in vitro aerosolization performance studies were performed on the spray dried formulations before and after storage. The addition of 20-60% w/w of amino acid (i.e. L-leucine or L-isoleucine) improved the emitted fractions of spray dried trehalose formulations from a dry powder inhaler. However, ≥ 40% w/w of L-leucine/L-isoleucine was needed to prevent recrystallization of trehalose in the formulations when exposed to 25 °C/50% RH for 28 days. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that samples with 40-60% w/w L-isoleucine had more amino acid on the surfaces of the particles compared to their L-leucine counterparts. This may explain the greater ability of the L-isoleucine (40-60% w/w) samples to cope with elevated humidity compared to L-leucine samples of the same concentrations, as observed in the dynamic vapour sorption (DVS) studies. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that both L-leucine and L-isoleucine were effective in enhancing aerosolization performance and mitigating moisture-induced reduction in aerosolization performance in spray dried trehalose formulations. L-isoleucine proved to be superior to L-leucine in terms of its moisture protectant effect when incorporated at the same concentration in the formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei T Mah
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter O'Connell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefano Focaroli
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross Lundy
- Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom F O'Mahony
- Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Irina Gitlin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland.
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191
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Brunaugh AD, Wu T, Kanapuram SR, Smyth HDC. Effect of Particle Formation Process on Characteristics and Aerosol Performance of Respirable Protein Powders. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4165-4180. [PMID: 31448924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of biopharmaceuticals may enable targeted local therapeutic effect and noninvasive systemic administration. Dry powder inhaler (DPI) delivery is an established patient-friendly approach for delivering large molecules to the lungs; however, the complexities of balancing protein stability with aerosol performance require that the design space of biopharmaceutical DPI formulations is rigorously explored. Utilizing four rationally selected formulations obtained using identical atomization conditions, an extensive study of the effect of the particle formation process (spray drying or spray freeze-drying) on powder properties, aerosol performance, and protein stability was performed. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to understand the relationship between powder properties, device dispersion mechanism, and aerosol performance. Spray drying and spray freeze-drying, despite the same spraying conditions, produced powders with vastly different physical characteristics, though similar aerosol performance. The resulting regression model points to the significance of particle size, density, and surface properties on the resulting aerosol performance, with these factors weighing differently according to the device dispersion mechanism utilized (shear-based or impaction-based). The physical properties of the produced spray dried and spray freeze-dried powders have differing implications for long-term stability, which will be explored extensively in a future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee D Brunaugh
- College of Pharmacy , The University of Texas at Austin , 2409 West University Avenue, PHR 4.214 , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Tian Wu
- Amgen , One Amgen Center Drive , Thousand Oaks , California 91320 , United States
| | - Sekhar R Kanapuram
- Amgen , One Amgen Center Drive , Thousand Oaks , California 91320 , United States
| | - Hugh D C Smyth
- College of Pharmacy , The University of Texas at Austin , 2409 West University Avenue, PHR 4.214 , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
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192
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Keil TWM, Feldmann DP, Costabile G, Zhong Q, da Rocha S, Merkel OM. Characterization of spray dried powders with nucleic acid-containing PEI nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 143:61-69. [PMID: 31445157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Localized aerosol delivery of gene therapies is a promising treatment of severe pulmonary diseases including lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, COPD and asthma. The administration of drugs by inhalation features multiple benefits including an enhanced patient acceptability and compliance. The application of a spray dried powder formulation has advantages over solutions due to their increased stability and shelf life. Furthermore, optimal sizes of the powder can be obtained by spray drying to allow a deep lung deposition. The present study optimized the parameters involved with spray drying polyplexes formed by polyethylenimine (PEI) and nucleic acids in inert excipients to generate a nano-embedded microparticle (NEM) powder with appropriate aerodynamic diameter. Furthermore, the effects of the excipient matrix used to generate the NEM powder on the biological activity of the nucleic acid and the ability to recover the embedded nanoparticles was investigated. The study showed that bioactivity and nucleic acid integrity was preserved after spray drying, and that polyplexes could be reconstituted from the dry powders made with trehalose but not mannitol as a stabilizer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed trehalose formulations that formed fused, lightly corrugated spherical particles in the range between 1 and 5 µm, while mannitol formulations had smooth surfaces and consisted of more defined particles. After redispersion of the microparticles in water, polyplex dispersions are obtained that are comparable to the initial formulations before spray drying. Cellular uptake and transfection studies conducted in lung adenocarcinoma cells show that redispersed trehalose particles performed similar to or better than polyplexes that were not spray dried. A method for quantifying polymer and nucleic acid loss following spray drying was developed in order to ensure that equal nucleic acid amounts were used in all in vitro experiments. The results confirm that spray dried NEM formulations containing nucleic acids can be prepared with characteristics known to be optimal for inhalation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias W M Keil
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel P Feldmann
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St, Detroit, MI 48201, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Gabriella Costabile
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Qian Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Sandro da Rocha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81337 Munich, Germany; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St, Detroit, MI 48201, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
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193
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Blaudez F, Ivanovski S, Hamlet S, Vaquette C. An overview of decellularisation techniques of native tissues and tissue engineered products for bone, ligament and tendon regeneration. Methods 2019; 171:28-40. [PMID: 31394166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularised tissues and organs have been successfully used in a variety of tissue engineering/regenerative medicine applications. Because of the complexity of each tissue (size, porosity, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition etc.), there is no standardised protocol and the decellularisation methods vary widely, thus leading to heterogeneous outcomes. Physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods have been developed and optimised for each specific application and this review describes the most common strategies utilised to achieve decellularisation of soft and hard tissues. While removal of the DNA is the primary goal of decellularisation, it is generally achieved at the expense of ECM preservation due to the harsh chemical or enzymatic processing conditions. As denaturation of the native ECM has been associated with undesired host responses, decellularisation conditions aimed at effectively achieving simultaneous DNA removal and minimal ECM damage will be highlighted. Additionally, the utilisation of decellularised matrices in regenerative medicine is explored, as are the most recent strategies implemented to circumvent challenges in this field. In summary, this review focusses on the latest advancements and future perspectives in the utilisation of natural ECM for the decoration of synthetic porous scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Blaudez
- Griffith University, School of Dentistry, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - S Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Hamlet
- Griffith University, School of Dentistry, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - C Vaquette
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
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194
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Mucosal Vaccination via the Respiratory Tract. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080375. [PMID: 31374959 PMCID: PMC6723941 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine delivery via mucosal surfaces is an interesting alternative to parenteral vaccine administration, as it avoids the use of a needle and syringe. Mucosal vaccine administration also targets the mucosal immune system, which is the largest lymphoid tissue in the human body. The mucosal immune response involves systemic, antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune response in addition to a local response which is characterised by a predominantly cytotoxic T cell response in combination with secreted IgA. This antibody facilitates pathogen recognition and deletion prior to entrance into the body. Hence, administration via the respiratory mucosa can be favoured for all pathogens which use the respiratory tract as entry to the body, such as influenza and for all diseases directly affecting the respiratory tract such as pneumonia. Additionally, the different mucosal tissues of the human body are interconnected via the so-called “common mucosal immune system”, which allows induction of an antigen-specific immune response in distant mucosal sites. Finally, mucosal administration is also interesting in the area of therapeutic vaccination, in which a predominant cellular immune response is required, as this can efficiently be induced by this route of delivery. The review gives an introduction to respiratory vaccination, formulation approaches and application strategies.
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195
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Bari E, Ferrarotti I, Torre ML, Corsico AG, Perteghella S. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell secretome for lung regeneration: The long way through "pharmaceuticalization" for the best formulation. J Control Release 2019; 309:11-24. [PMID: 31326462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary acute and chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension, are considered to be major health issues worldwide. Cellular therapies with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) offer a new therapeutic approach for chronic and acute lung diseases related to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, regenerative, pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic properties. Such therapeutic effects can be attributed to MSC-secretome, made of free soluble proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review summarizes the recent findings related to the efficacy and safety of MSC-derived products in pre-clinical models of lung diseases, pointing out the biologically active substances contained into MSC-secretome and their mechanisms involved in tissue regeneration. A perspective view is then provided about the missing steps required for the secretome "pharmaceuticalization" into a high quality, safe and effective medicinal product, as well as the formulation strategies required for EV non-invasive route of administration, such as inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ferrarotti
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Pneumology Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy; PharmaExceed srl, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Pneumology Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; PharmaExceed srl, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy; PharmaExceed srl, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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196
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Kasper JC, Hedtrich S, Friess W. Lyophilization of Synthetic Gene Carriers. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1943:211-225. [PMID: 30838619 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9092-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lyophilization, also known as freeze drying, is a widely used method for stabilization, improvement of long-term storage stability, and simplification of handling of drugs and/or carrier systems. Lyophilization is time-consuming and energy-consuming, and hence optimized processes are required to avoid time loss and higher costs without compromising product stability. Beginning from the last decade, nonviral, synthetic carriers for gene delivery have been of increasing interest. However, these systems suffer from poor physical stability in aqueous solution or suspension. Hence, to ensure long-term storage stability lyophilization of the gene carrier systems is favored. This chapter gives an overview of the basic steps and troubleshooting for successful lyophilization of synthetic gene carriers. Furthermore, the required excipients and their mechanism of action are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Christina Kasper
- Bioprocess and Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friess
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
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197
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Clénet D, Hourquet V, Woinet B, Ponceblanc H, Vangelisti M. A spray freeze dried micropellet based formulation proof-of-concept for a yellow fever vaccine candidate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:334-343. [PMID: 31306751 PMCID: PMC6727866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The stability of live-attenuated viruses is very challenging due to thermal sensitivity; therefore, solid form is usually required (often freeze-dried products). Micropellet technology is a lyophilization technology that has the potential to provide greater flexibility in the presentation of a given vaccine particularly in multi-dose format or in combination of different vaccines. As a novel vaccine alternative process, this spray freeze-dried (SFD) micropellet technology was evaluated using as a model a yellow fever virus produced in Vero cells (vYF). Screening of excipients was performed in order to optimize physico-chemical properties of the micropellets. Sugar/polymer-based formulations induced high glass transition temperature (Tg), adequate breaking force and attrition resistance of the SFD micropellets. These mechanical parameters and their stability are of considerable importance for the storage, the transport but also the filling process of the SFD micropellets. By adding excipients required to best preserve virus infectivity, an optimal sugar/polymer-based formulation was selected to build micropellets containing vYF. Monodisperse and dried micropellets with a diameter of about 530 µm were obtained, exhibiting similar potency to conventional freeze-dried product in terms of vYF infectious titer when both solid forms were kept under refrigerated conditions (2–8 °C). Comparable kinetics of degradation were observed for vYF formulated in micropellets or as conventional freeze-dried product during an accelerated stability study using incubations at 25 °C and 37 °C over several weeks. The results from this investigation demonstrate the ability to formulate live-attenuated viruses in micropellets. Pharmaceutical applications of this novel vaccine solid form are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Clénet
- Bioprocess R&D Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | | | | | - Hervé Ponceblanc
- Analytical Sciences BIEM, Sanofi Pasteur, Neuville s/Saône, France
| | - Manuel Vangelisti
- R&D Global Projects Strategy and Execution, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l'Etoile, France
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198
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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Dubey S, Koroma H, Gubinelli F, Williams DR. The influence of the closure format on the storage stability and moisture content of freeze-dried influenza antigen. Vaccine 2019; 37:4485-4490. [PMID: 31277955 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Low moisture content is seen as crucial to achieving long term stability of freeze dried biologics and reference materials. Highly hygroscopic freeze-dried material are susceptible to moisture ingress over time which can lead to degradation and loss of biological potency. This study compared vials with unprocessed stoppers, vials with vacuum-oven dried stoppers and glass ampoules in order to determine the superior long term storage format in terms of moisture ingress and potency. B/Phuket influenza antigen was chosen as the model biological standard and the lyophilized antigen was stored at -20, 25 and 45 °C over a 1 year period. Ampoules had no significant moisture change across all storage temperatures as would be anticipated. Moisture content results at -20 °C showed no significant differences between ampoules, vials with vacuum-oven dried stoppers and vials with unprocessed stoppers over 12 months. Vials with vacuum-oven dried stoppers performed similarly to ampoules at -20 °C and 20 °C, but had a small increase in moisture content after 6 months at 45 °C. Vials with unprocessed stoppers preformed the worst and exhibited the largest moisture ingress after just 3 months at both 20 °C and 45 °C. Single radial immunodiffusion (SRD) potency assays showed at -20 °C and 20 °C there was no significant difference between all closure formats. At 45 °C there was a drop in potency for all closure formats, but ampoules and vials with vacuum-oven dried stoppers retained higher potency than vials with unprocessed stoppers. Thus, while ampoules are still considered to be the gold standard format for long term storage stability, using vials with vacuum-oven dried stoppers provides comparable stability and moisture integrity at -20 °C and 20 °C storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Duralliu
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- Standardisation Science, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom.
| | - Sitara Dubey
- Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Halima Koroma
- Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Gubinelli
- Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Daryl R Williams
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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199
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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Williams DR. Measuring the specific surface area (SSA) of freeze-dried biologics using inverse gas chromatography. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:216-221. [PMID: 31233863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The specific surface area (SSA) of freeze-dried biologics (FD) is usually measured via a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis of volumetric nitrogen adsorption isotherms. However, this technique has accuracy limitations for materials <0.5 m2/g, requires dry samples, must be measured at 77 K and has slow sample preparation times (drying/degassing). Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) is chromatographic characterization technique which can be used to analyse the SSA (down to ≈0.1 m2/g) of various solid-state materials including powders using organic molecules such as octane at ambient temperatures/pressure for a range of relative humidities. This study presents a comprehensive comparison between the N2 BET adsorption versus octane BET adsorption using IGC methods for determining the SSA's for a range of freeze dried biological materials. These include IgG 5% w/w, an influenza antigen standard, sucrose 5% w/w and trehalose 5% w/w. IGC provided comparable SSA values to the N2 BET method with better reproducibility (lower RSDs %). Large variations in average SSA within manufactured FD batches were observed for both IGC and volumetric determinations. IGC was also used to measure the change in SSA with increasing humidity, with FD cakes shrinking and losing their structural integrity with increasing moisture content. Such information highlights the importance of moisture content in determining the physical stability of FD cakes as exemplified by their SSA. In conclusion, IGC is a suitable alternative method for determining the SSA of freeze-dried biological materials which are generally strongly dependent on their moisture content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Duralliu
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Daryl R Williams
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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200
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Duerr C, Friess W. Antibody-drug conjugates- stability and formulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 139:168-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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