151
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Estermann M, Huang YL, Septiadi D, Ritz D, Liang CY, Jacob F, Drasler B, Petri-Fink A, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Patient-derived and artificial ascites have minor effects on MeT-5A mesothelial cells and do not facilitate ovarian cancer cell adhesion. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241500. [PMID: 33270665 PMCID: PMC7714103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of ascites in the peritoneal cavity leads to morphological and functional changes of the peritoneal mesothelial cell layer. Cells loose cell-cell interactions, rearrange their cytoskeleton, activate the production of fibronectin, and change their cell surface morphology in a proinflammatory environment. Moreover, ovarian cancer cell adhesion has been shown to be facilitated by these changes due to increased integrin- and CD44-mediated binding sites. In this study, the biological responsiveness of the human pleural mesothelial cell line MeT-5A to patient-derived and artificial ascites was studied in vitro and adhesion of ovarian cancer cells, i.e. SKOV-3 cells, investigated. Changes were mainly observed in cells exposed to artificial ascites containing higher cytokine concentrations than patient-derived ascites. Interestingly, reduced cell-cell interactions were already observed in untreated MeT-5A cells and effects on tight junction protein expression and permeability upon exposure to ascites were minor. Ascites induced upregulation of CDC42 effector protein 2 expression, which affects stress fiber formation, however significant F-actin reorganization was not observed. Moreover, fibronectin production remained unchanged. Analysis of mesothelial cell surface characteristics showed upregulated expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1, slightly increased hyaluronic acid secretion and decreased microvillus expression upon exposure to ascites. Nevertheless, the observed changes were not sufficient to facilitate adhesion of SKOV-3 cells on MeT-5A cell layer. This study revealed that MeT-5A cells show a reduced biological responsiveness to the presence of ascites, in contrast to published studies on primary human peritoneal mesothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Estermann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dedy Septiadi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Danilo Ritz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ching-Yeu Liang
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francis Jacob
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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152
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LI NS, CHEN L, XIAO ZX, YANG YQ, AI KL. Progress in Detection of Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer: Lysophosphatidic Acid. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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153
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Giamougiannis P, Morais CLM, Grabowska R, Ashton KM, Wood NJ, Martin-Hirsch PL, Martin FL. A comparative analysis of different biofluids towards ovarian cancer diagnosis using Raman microspectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:911-922. [PMID: 33242117 PMCID: PMC7808972 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biofluids, such as blood plasma or serum, are currently being evaluated for cancer detection using vibrational spectroscopy. These fluids contain information of key biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, that comprise spectrochemical patterns to differentiate samples. Raman is a water-free and practically non-destructive vibrational spectroscopy technique, capable of recording spectrochemical fingerprints of biofluids with minimum or no sample preparation. Herein, we compare the performance of these two common biofluids (blood plasma and serum) together with ascitic fluid, towards ovarian cancer detection using Raman microspectroscopy. Samples from thirty-eight patients were analysed (n = 18 ovarian cancer patients, n = 20 benign controls) through different spectral pre-processing and discriminant analysis techniques. Ascitic fluid provided the best class separation in both unsupervised and supervised discrimination approaches, where classification accuracies, sensitivities and specificities above 80% were obtained, in comparison to 60–73% with plasma or serum. Ascitic fluid appears to be rich in collagen information responsible for distinguishing ovarian cancer samples, where collagen-signalling bands at 1004 cm−1 (phenylalanine), 1334 cm−1 (CH3CH2 wagging vibration), 1448 cm−1 (CH2 deformation) and 1657 cm−1 (Amide I) exhibited high statistical significance for class differentiation (P < 0.001). The efficacy of vibrational spectroscopy, in particular Raman spectroscopy, combined with ascitic fluid analysis, suggests a potential diagnostic method for ovarian cancer. Raman microspectroscopy analysis of ascitic fluid allows for discrimination of patients with benign gynaecological conditions or ovarian cancer. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Giamougiannis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Camilo L M Morais
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Rita Grabowska
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Katherine M Ashton
- Department of Pathology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK
| | - Pierre L Martin-Hirsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK. .,Biocel Ltd, Hull, HU10 7TS, UK.
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154
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Revilla G, Cedó L, Tondo M, Moral A, Pérez JI, Corcoy R, Lerma E, Fuste V, Reddy ST, Blanco-Vaca F, Mato E, Escolà-Gil JC. LDL, HDL and endocrine-related cancer: From pathogenic mechanisms to therapies. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:134-157. [PMID: 33249202 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for a variety of functions in endocrine-related cells, including hormone and steroid production. We have reviewed the progress to date in research on the role of the main cholesterol-containing lipoproteins; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and their impact on intracellular cholesterol homeostasis and carcinogenic pathways in endocrine-related cancers. Neither LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) nor HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) was consistently associated with endocrine-related cancer risk. However, preclinical studies showed that LDL receptor plays a critical role in endocrine-related tumor cells, mainly by enhancing circulating LDL-C uptake and modulating tumorigenic signaling pathways. Although scavenger receptor type BI-mediated uptake of HDL could enhance cell proliferation in breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer, these effects may be counteracted by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL. Moreover, 27-hydroxycholesterol a metabolite of cholesterol promotes tumorigenic processes in breast and epithelial thyroid cancer. Furthermore, statins have been reported to reduce the incidence of breast, prostate, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer in large clinical trials, in part because of their ability to lower cholesterol synthesis. Overall, cholesterol homeostasis deregulation in endocrine-related cancers offers new therapeutic opportunities, but more mechanistic studies are needed to translate the preclinical findings into clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Revilla
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, C/ Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Tondo
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Moral
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, C/ Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Pérez
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Corcoy
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, C/ Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Fuste
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Srivinasa T Reddy
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1736, USA
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eugènia Mato
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, C/ Sant Quintí 77, 08041 Barcelona Spain.
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155
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Iyer S, Zhang S, Yucel S, Horn H, Smith SG, Reinhardt F, Hoefsmit E, Assatova B, Casado J, Meinsohn MC, Barrasa MI, Bell GW, Pérez-Villatoro F, Huhtinen K, Hynninen J, Oikkonen J, Galhenage PM, Pathania S, Hammond PT, Neel BG, Farkkila A, Pépin D, Weinberg RA. Genetically Defined Syngeneic Mouse Models of Ovarian Cancer as Tools for the Discovery of Combination Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov 2020; 11:384-407. [PMID: 33158843 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in immuno-oncology, the relationship between tumor genotypes and response to immunotherapy remains poorly understood, particularly in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinomas (HGSC). We developed a series of mouse models that carry genotypes of human HGSCs and grow in syngeneic immunocompetent hosts to address this gap. We transformed murine-fallopian tube epithelial cells to phenocopy homologous recombination-deficient tumors through a combined loss of Trp53, Brca1, Pten, and Nf1 and overexpression of Myc and Trp53 R172H, which was contrasted with an identical model carrying wild-type Brca1. For homologous recombination-proficient tumors, we constructed genotypes combining loss of Trp53 and overexpression of Ccne1, Akt2, and Trp53 R172H, and driven by KRAS G12V or Brd4 or Smarca4 overexpression. These lines form tumors recapitulating human disease, including genotype-driven responses to treatment, and enabled us to identify follistatin as a driver of resistance to checkpoint inhibitors. These data provide proof of concept that our models can identify new immunotherapy targets in HGSC. SIGNIFICANCE: We engineered a panel of murine fallopian tube epithelial cells bearing mutations typical of HGSC and capable of forming tumors in syngeneic immunocompetent hosts. These models recapitulate tumor microenvironments and drug responses characteristic of human disease. In a Ccne1-overexpressing model, immune-checkpoint resistance was driven by follistatin.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Iyer
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Simge Yucel
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Heiko Horn
- Stanley Center, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sean G Smith
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ferenc Reinhardt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Esmee Hoefsmit
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Julia Casado
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Meinsohn
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - George W Bell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Fernando Pérez-Villatoro
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pamoda M Galhenage
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shailja Pathania
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anniina Farkkila
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Pépin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts. .,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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156
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Etzerodt A, Moulin M, Doktor TK, Delfini M, Mossadegh-Keller N, Bajenoff M, Sieweke MH, Moestrup SK, Auphan-Anezin N, Lawrence T. Tissue-resident macrophages in omentum promote metastatic spread of ovarian cancer. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133611. [PMID: 31951251 PMCID: PMC7144521 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in cancer progression. Here, we have characterized the ontogeny and function of TAM subsets in a mouse model of metastatic ovarian cancer that is representative for visceral peritoneal metastasis. We show that the omentum is a critical premetastatic niche for development of invasive disease in this model and define a unique subset of CD163+ Tim4+ resident omental macrophages responsible for metastatic spread of ovarian cancer cells. Transcriptomic analysis showed that resident CD163+ Tim4+ omental macrophages were phenotypically distinct and maintained their resident identity during tumor growth. Selective depletion of CD163+ Tim4+ macrophages in omentum using genetic and pharmacological tools prevented tumor progression and metastatic spread of disease. These studies describe a specific role for tissue-resident macrophages in the invasive progression of metastatic ovarian cancer. The molecular pathways of cross-talk between tissue-resident macrophages and disseminated cancer cells may represent new targets to prevent metastasis and disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Etzerodt
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morgane Moulin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Koed Doktor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Marc Bajenoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Michael H Sieweke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,Centre for Regenerative Therapies, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Søren Kragh Moestrup
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Toby Lawrence
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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157
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García-Martínez E, Redondo A, Piulats JM, Rodríguez A, Casado A. Are antiangiogenics a good 'partner' for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer? Angiogenesis 2020; 23:543-557. [PMID: 32691290 PMCID: PMC7524856 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is associated with poor survival because there are a limited number of effective therapies. Two processes key to OC progression, angiogenesis and immune evasion, act synergistically to promote tumor progression. Tumor-associated angiogenesis promotes immune evasion, and tumor-related immune responses in the peritoneal cavity and tumor microenvironment (TME) affect neovascular formation. Therefore, suppressing the angiogenic pathways could facilitate the arrival of immune effector cells and reduce the presence of myeloid cells involved in immune suppression. To date, clinical studies have shown significant benefits with antiangiogenic therapy as first-line therapy in OC, as well as in recurrent disease, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor bevacizumab is now an established therapy. Clinical data with immunomodulators in OC are more limited, but suggest that they could benefit some patients with recurrent disease. The preliminary results of two phase III trials have shown that the addition of immunomodulators to chemotherapy does not improve progression-free survival. For this reason, it could be interesting to look for synergistic effects between immunomodulators and other active drugs in OC. Since bevacizumab is approved for use in OC, and is tolerable when used in combination with immunotherapy in other indications, a number of clinical studies are underway to investigate the use of bevacizumab in combination with immunotherapeutic agents in OC. This strategy seeks to normalize the TME via the anti-VEGF actions of bevacizumab, while simultaneously stimulating the immune response via the immunotherapy. Results of these studies are awaited with interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena García-Martínez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB, Avenida Marques de los Velez, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Andres Redondo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Piulats
- Institut Català d'OncologiaMedical Oncology Unit - IDIBELL/OncoBell - CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Casado
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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158
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Ma J, Zhang H, Tang K, Huang B. Tumor-derived microparticles in tumor immunology and immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1653-1662. [PMID: 32976623 PMCID: PMC7702100 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microvesicles or microparticles, a type of cytoplasm membrane-derived extracellular vesicles, can be released by cancer cells or normal cell types. Alteration of F-actin cytoskeleton by various signals may lead to the cytoplasm membrane encapsulating cellular contents to form microparticles, which contain various messenger molecules, including enzymes, RNAs and even DNA fragments, and are released to extracellular space. The release of microparticles by tumor cells (T-MPs) is a very common event in tumor microenvironments. As a result, T-MPs not only influence tumor cell biology but also profoundly forge tumor immunology. Moreover, T-MPs can act as a natural vehicle that delivers therapeutic drugs to tumor cells and immune cells, thus, remodeling tumor microenvironments and resetting antitumor immune responses, thus, conferring T-MPs a potential role in tumor immunotherapies and tumor vaccines. In this review, we focus on the double-edged sword role of T-MPs in tumor immunology, specifically in TAMs and DCs, and emphasize the application of drug-packaging T-MPs in cancer patients. We aim to provide a new angle to understand immuno-oncology and new strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ke Tang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.,Clinical Immunology Center, CAMS, Beijing, P. R. China
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159
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Ji Z, Shen Y, Feng X, Kong Y, Shao Y, Meng J, Zhang X, Yang G. Deregulation of Lipid Metabolism: The Critical Factors in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:593017. [PMID: 33194756 PMCID: PMC7604390 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.593017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most malignant gynecological cancers around the world. In spite of multiple treatment options, the five-year survival rate is still very low. Several metabolism alterations are described as a hallmark in cancers, but alterations of lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer have been paid less attention. To explore new markers/targets for accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic treatments based on metabolic enzyme inhibitors, here, we reviewed available literature and summarized several key metabolic enzymes in lipid metabolism of ovarian cancer. In this review, the rate limiting enzymes associated with fatty acid synthesis (FASN, ACC, ACLY, SCD), the lipid degradation related enzymes (MAGL, CPT, 5-LO, COX2), and the receptors related to lipid uptake (FABP4, CD36, LDLR), which promote the development of ovarian cancer, were analyzed and evaluated. We also focused on the review of application of current metabolic enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer through which the potential therapeutic agents may be developed for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Ji
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Central Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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160
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Huang YL, Liang CY, Ritz D, Coelho R, Septiadi D, Estermann M, Cumin C, Rimmer N, Schötzau A, Núñez López M, Fedier A, Konantz M, Vlajnic T, Calabrese D, Lengerke C, David L, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Jacob F, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V. Collagen-rich omentum is a premetastatic niche for integrin α2-mediated peritoneal metastasis. eLife 2020; 9:59442. [PMID: 33026975 PMCID: PMC7541088 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays critical roles in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the contribution of ECM proteins to early metastatic onset in the peritoneal cavity remains unexplored. Here, we suggest a new route of metastasis through the interaction of integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2) with collagens enriched in the tumor coinciding with poor outcome in patients with ovarian cancer. Using multiple gene-edited cell lines and patient-derived samples, we demonstrate that ITGA2 triggers cancer cell adhesion to collagen, promotes cell migration, anoikis resistance, mesothelial clearance, and peritoneal metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, phosphoproteomics identify an ITGA2-dependent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway leading to enhanced oncogenic properties. Consequently, specific inhibition of ITGA2-mediated cancer cell-collagen interaction or targeting focal adhesion signaling may present an opportunity for therapeutic intervention of metastatic spread in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Huang
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ching-Yeu Liang
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danilo Ritz
- Proteomics core facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Coelho
- Differentiation and Cancer group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dedy Septiadi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Estermann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Cumin
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Rimmer
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schötzau
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mónica Núñez López
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - André Fedier
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Konantz
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Vlajnic
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diego Calabrese
- Histology Core Facility, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine II, Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leonor David
- Differentiation and Cancer group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Gynecological Cancer Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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161
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Stenzel AE, Abrams SI, Joseph JM, Goode EL, Tario JD, Wallace PK, Kaur D, Adamson AK, Buas MF, Lugade AA, Laslavic A, Taylor SE, Orr B, Edwards RP, Elishaev E, Odunsi K, Mongiovi JM, Etter JL, Winham SJ, Kaufmann SH, Modugno F, Moysich KB. Circulating CD14 + HLA-DR lo/- monocytic cells as a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer progression. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13343. [PMID: 32905653 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Previous studies identified circulating CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cells as an immune suppressive subset in solid malignancies, such as prostate, renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. Such monocytic cells have been implicated not only in tumour progression but also as a potential barrier for immunotherapy. This study examined the relationship between the frequency of circulating monocytic cells and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression pre- and post-frontline chemotherapy, defined by disease stage, which is a leading prognostic factor for this malignancy. METHOD OF STUDY Incident cases of 236 women with EOC were recruited and comprehensive flow cytometry was utilized to assess the frequency of peripheral blood CD33+ CD11b+ HLA-DR-/low CD14+ CD15- monocytic cells, henceforth termed CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cells, prior to and after completion of frontline chemotherapy. Multivariable odds ratios (OR) were used to estimate the association between CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cell percentages and disease stage. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests evaluated changes in these monocytic cell levels pre- and post-chemotherapy in a patient subset (n = 70). RESULTS Patients with elevated frequencies of circulating CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cells at diagnosis were at 3.33-fold greater odds of having advanced stage (III/IV) EOC (CI: 1.04-10.64), with a significant trend in increasing CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cell levels (P = .04). There was a 2.02% median decrease of these monocytic cells post-chemotherapy among a subset of patients with advanced stage disease (P < .0001). CONCLUSION These findings support the potential clinical relevance of CD14+ HLA-DRlo/- monocytic cells in EOC for prognosis and may indicate a non-invasive biomarker to measure disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Stenzel
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Janine M Joseph
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph D Tario
- Department of Flow & Image Cytometry, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Paul K Wallace
- Department of Flow & Image Cytometry, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Divjot Kaur
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Anna-Kay Adamson
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Matthew F Buas
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Amit A Lugade
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Angela Laslavic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian Orr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer M Mongiovi
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Lewis Etter
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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162
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Understanding and addressing barriers to successful adenovirus-based virotherapy for ovarian cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 28:375-389. [PMID: 32951021 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among women with gynecological cancer, with an overall 5-year survival rate below 50% due to a lack of specific symptoms, late stage at time of diagnosis and a high rate of recurrence after standard therapy. A better understanding of heterogeneity, genetic mutations, biological behavior and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment have allowed the development of more effective therapies based on anti-angiogenic treatments, PARP and immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies and oncolytic vectors. Oncolytic adenoviruses are commonly used platforms in cancer gene therapy that selectively replicate in tumor cells and at the same time are able to stimulate the immune system. In addition, they can be genetically modified to enhance their potency and overcome physical and immunological barriers. In this review we highlight the challenges of adenovirus-based oncolytic therapies targeting ovarian cancer and outline recent advances to improve their potential in combination with immunotherapies.
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163
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The effects of size and shape of the ovarian cancer spheroids on the drug resistance and migration. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 159:563-572. [PMID: 32958270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High fatality in ovarian cancer is attributed to metastasis, propagated by the release of multi-cellular aggregates/spheroids into the peritoneal cavity and their subsequent mesothelial invasion of peritoneal organs. Spheroids are therefore a common and clinically relevant in vitro model for ovarian cancer research. Spheroids in patients vary significantly in size and shape and display enhanced resistance to anti-cancer drugs compared to monolayers. However, there is no consensus on how spheroid size and shape affect drug resistance. Moreover, existing data regarding the influence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) profile on spheroid shape and migration is inconclusive. METHODS We formed spheroids with OVCAR-3 and OVCAR-8 cells, chosen for their established genetic similarity to the patient tumor samples. We monitored their morphology using confocal microscope with dipping objective and fluorescent microscope. We characterized important EMT biomarkers; E-cadherin, Vimentin and Slug through western blotting in monolayers and spheroids. We treated these spheroids with Taxol and Cisplatin and investigated their migratory profile based on their morphology. RESULTS We report two distinct multicellular structures: loose aggregates (OVCAR-3) and compact spheroids (OVCAR-8). We attribute these different morphologies to the expression of the EMT biomarkers, and their changes upon spheroid formation. Importantly, we did not observe a difference in resistance to the anti-cancer drugs as a function of spheroid size and shape. However, migration capacity of compact spheroid (OVCAR-8) was 15-fold higher compared to that of loose aggregates (OVCAR-3). CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the importance of spheroid size and shape on anti-cancer drug resistance and migration profiles. The results of this study can, therefore, help to elucidate general rules for ovarian cancer studies based on 3D samples.
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164
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Targeting an autocrine IL-6-SPINK1 signaling axis to suppress metastatic spread in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:6606-6618. [PMID: 32929152 PMCID: PMC7572712 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A major clinical challenge of ovarian cancer is the development of
malignant ascites accompanied by widespread peritoneal metastasis. In ovarian
clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), a challenging subtype of ovarian cancer, this
problem is compounded by near-universal primary chemoresistance; patients with
advanced stage OCCC thus lack effective therapies and face extremely poor
survival rates. Here we show that tumor cell expressed serine protease inhibitor
Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) is a key driver of OCCC progression and metastasis. Using
cell culture models of human OCCC, we find that shRNA silencing of SPINK1
sensitizes tumor cells to anoikis and inhibits proliferation. Knockdown of
SPINK1 in OCCC cells also profoundly suppresses peritoneal metastasis in mouse
implantation models of human OCCC. We next identify a novel autocrine signaling
axis in OCCC cells whereby tumor cell-produced interleukin-6 (IL-6) regulates
SPINK1 expression to stimulate a common protumorigenic gene expression pattern
leading to anoikis resistance and proliferation of OCCC cells. We further
demonstrate that this signaling pathway can be successfully interrupted with the
IL-6Rα inhibitor tocilizumab, sensitizing cells to anoikis in
vitro and reducing metastasis in vivo. These
results suggest that clinical trials of IL-6 pathway inhibitors in OCCC may be
warranted, and that SPINK1 might offer a candidate predictive biomarker in this
population.
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165
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Flavonoids Restore Platinum Drug Sensitivity to Ovarian Carcinoma Cells in a Phospho-ERK1/2-Dependent Fashion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186533. [PMID: 32906729 PMCID: PMC7555577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common type of gynecological malignancy; it has poor survival rates and is frequently (>75%) diagnosed at an advanced stage. Platinum-based chemotherapy, with, e.g., carboplatin, is the standard of care for OC, but toxicity and acquired resistance to therapy have proven challenging. Despite advances in OC diagnosis and treatment, approximately 85% of patients will experience relapse, mainly due to chemoresistance. The latter is attributed to alterations in the cancer cells and is also mediated by tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, we reported the synthesis of a platinum (IV) prodrug that exhibits equal potency toward platinum-sensitive and resistant OC cell lines. Here, we investigated the effect of TME on platinum sensitivity. Co-culture of OC cells with murine or human mesenchymal stem cells (MS-5 and HS-5, respectively) rendered them resistant to chemotherapeutic agents, including platinum, paclitaxel and colchicine. Platinum resistance was also conferred by co-culture with differentiated murine adipocyte progenitor cells. Exposure of OC cells to chemotherapeutic agents resulted in activation of phospho-ERK1/2. Co-culture with MS-5, which conferred drug resistance, was accompanied by blockage of phospho-ERK1/2 activation. The flavonoids fisetin and quercetin were active in restoring ERK phosphorylation, as well as sensitivity to platinum compounds. Exposure of OC cells to cobimetinib-a MEK1 inhibitor that also inhibits extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation-which resulted in reduced sensitivity to the platinum compound. This suggests that ERK activity is involved in mediating the function of flavonoids in restoring platinum sensitivity to OC co-cultured with cellular components of the TME. Our data show the potential of combining flavonoids with standard therapy to restore drug sensitivity to OC cells and overcome TME-mediated platinum drug resistance.
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166
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Mota A, S Oltra S, Moreno-Bueno G. Insight updating of the molecular hallmarks in ovarian carcinoma. EJC Suppl 2020; 15:16-26. [PMID: 33240439 PMCID: PMC7573468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynaecologic cancer characterised by a high heterogeneity not only at the clinical point of view but also at the molecular level. This review focuses on the new insights about the OC molecular classification. Materials and methods We performed a bibliographic search for different indexed articles focused on the new molecular classification of OC. All of them have been published in PubMed and included information about the most frequent molecular alterations in OC confirmed by omics approaches. In addition, we have extracted information about the role of liquid biopsy in the OC diagnosis and prognosis. Results New molecular insights into OC have allowed novel clinical entities to be defined. Among OC, high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) which is the most common OC is characterised by omics approaches, mutations in TP53 and in other genes involved in the homologous recombination repair, especially BRCA1/2. Recent studies in HGSOC have allowed a new molecular classification in subgroups according to their mutational, transcriptional, methylation and copy number variation signatures with a real impact in the characterisation of new therapeutic targets for OC to be defined. Furthermore, despite the intrinsic intra-tumour heterogeneity, the advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses of ascetic liquid from OC have opened new ways for its characterisation and treatment. Conclusions The advances in genomic approaches have been used for the identification of new molecular profiling techniques which define OC subgroups and has supposed advances in the diagnosis and in the personalised treatment of OC. Classification of ovarian cancer regarding to widespread genetic and genomic data. Highlighted role of p53 and BRCA1/2 in ovarian cancer for diagnosis and treatment. Intra-tumour genetic heterogeneity in ovarian cancer. Useful of liquid biopsy study in ovarian cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Mota
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | - Sara S Oltra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
- Corresponding author: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC-UAM, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain. Fax: +34 91-5854401.
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167
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Hassan AA, Artemenko M, Tang MK, Wong AS. Selectins: An Important Family of Glycan-Binding Cell Adhesion Molecules in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082238. [PMID: 32785160 PMCID: PMC7463917 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. Unlike most other tumor types that metastasize via the vasculature, ovarian cancer metastasizes predominantly via the transcoelomic route within the peritoneal cavity. As cancer metastasis accounts for the majority of deaths, there is an urge to better understand its determinants. In the peritoneal cavity, tumor-mesothelial adhesion is an important step for cancer dissemination. Selectins are glycan-binding molecules that facilitate early steps of this adhesion cascade by mediating heterotypic cell-cell interaction under hydrodynamic flow. Here, we review the function and regulation of selectins in peritoneal carcinomatosis of ovarian cancer, and highlight how dysregulation of selectin ligand biogenesis affects disease outcome. Further, we will introduce the latest tools in studying selectin-glycan interaction. Finally, an overview of potential therapeutic intervention points that may lead to the development of efficacious therapies for ovarian cancer is provided.
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168
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Göbel A, Zinna VM, Dell'Endice S, Jaschke N, Kuhlmann JD, Wimberger P, Rachner TD. Anti-tumor effects of mevalonate pathway inhibition in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:703. [PMID: 32727400 PMCID: PMC7388525 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer remains the most fatal gynecological malignancy. Current therapeutic options are limited due to late diagnosis in the majority of the cases, metastatic spread to the peritoneal cavity and the onset of chemo-resistance. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are required. Statins and amino-bisphosphonates are inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway, which is a fundamental pathway of cellular metabolism, essential for cholesterol production and posttranslational protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. While this pathway has emerged as a promising treatment target in several human malignancies, its potential as a therapeutic approach in ovarian cancer is still not fully understood. METHODS Human ovarian cancer cell lines (IGROV-1, A2780, A2780cis) were treated with increasing concentrations (0.5-100 μM) of statins (simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin) and zoledronic acid. Effects on cell vitality and apoptosis were assessed using Cell Titer Blue®, Caspase 3/7 Glo®, clonogenic assays as well as cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cPARP) detection. The inhibition of the mevalonate pathway was confirmed using Western Blot of unprenylated Ras and Rap1a proteins. Quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA were used to analyze modulations on several key regulators of ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. RESULTS The treatment of IGROV-1 and A2780 cells with statins and zoledronic acid reduced vitality (by up to 80%; p < 0.001) and induced apoptosis by up to 8-folds (p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent fashion. Rescue experiments using farnesyl pyrophosphate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate evidenced that blocked geranylgeranylation is the major underlying mechanism of the pro-apoptotic effects. Gene expression of the tumor-promoting cytokines and mediators, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-6 were significantly suppressed by statins and zoledronic acid by up to 90% (p < 0.001). For all readouts, simvastatin was most potent of all agents used. Cisplatin-resistant A2780cis cells showed a relative resistance to statins and zoledronic acid. However, similar to the effects in A2780 cells, simvastatin and zoledronic acid significantly induced caspase 3/7 activation (6-folds; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our in vitro findings point to promising anti-tumor effects of statins and zoledronic acid in ovarian cancer and warrant additional validation in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Valentina M Zinna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Dell'Endice
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Jaschke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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169
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Deubiquitinase USP35 restrains STING-mediated interferon signaling in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:139-155. [PMID: 32678307 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignant tumor of female reproductive system. It is well-known that induction of STING-mediated type I interferons can enhance the resultant antitumor activity. However, STING pathway is usually inactivated in cancer cells at multiple levels. Here, we identified deubiquitinase USP35 is upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues. High level of USP35 was correlated with diminished CD8+ T cell infiltration and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Mechanistically, we found that silencing USP35 reinforces the activation of STING-TBK1-IRF3 pathway and promotes the expression of type I interferons. Our data further showed that USP35 can directly deubiquitinate and inactivate STING. Interestingly, activation of STING promotes its binding to USP35 in a STING phosphorylation-dependent manner. Functionally, we found that knockdown of USP35 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to the DNA-damage chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin. Overall, our study indicates that upregulation of USP35 may be a mechanism of the restricted STING activity in cancer cells, and highlights the significance of USP35 as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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170
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Wang CX, Xiong HF, Wang S, Wang J, Nie X, Guo Q, Li X, Qi Y, Liu JJ, Lin B. Overexpression of TEM8 promotes ovarian cancer progression via Rac1/Cdc42/JNK and MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathways. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3557-3576. [PMID: 32774719 PMCID: PMC7407733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor endothelial cell marker 8 (TEM8) is a type I transmembrane protein, that has been widely studied in the areas of anthrax toxin infection and tumor angiogenesis. However, the role of TEM8 in the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. In this study, we determined that TEM8 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer and associated with poor prognosis in EOC patients. In vitro experiments showed that TEM8 overexpression significantly promoted ovarian cancer proliferation. TEM8 overexpression also promoted the G0/G1 phase transition, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells but suppressed apoptosis. Moreover, experimental verification confirmed that TEM8 overexpression increased the expression of Ki-67, cyclin D1, Bcl2/Bax, MMP2, MMP9, and VEGFA and the phosphorylation of Rac1/Cdc42, JNK, MEK, ERK, and STAT3 (Ser727). Subsequently, the addition of RAC1 (EHop-016) and MEK (PD98059) pathway inhibitors suppressed malignant behaviors in the TEM8 overexpression group, which robustly indicated that TEM8 activated Rac1/Cdc42/JNK and MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition, we also revealed that the transcription factor GATA2 bound to the TATTAGTTATCTTT site of the TEM8 promoter region and regulated its expression. In conclusion, our study may provide a new theoretical basis for TEM8 application as a clinical biomarker and potential target in EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Fang Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Longyan First Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan-Juan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning ProvinceLiaoning, People’s Republic of China
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171
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He Z, Wang S, Qiao G, Wang X, Zhou X, Zhu S, Yuan Y, Morse MA, Hobeika A, Ren J, Lyerly HK. Clinical efficacy of intra-cavitary infusions of autologous dendritic cell/cytokine-induced killer cell products for the treatment of refractory malignant pleural effusions and ascites. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3940-3952. [PMID: 32774747 PMCID: PMC7407744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To explore the safety and efficacy of intra-cavitary infusions of autologous mixed dendritic cell (DC)-cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell products in advanced cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions or ascites. DC-CIKs were expanded ex vivo (mean yield of 1.36×109 cells (range, 0.74~4.98×109)) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained by repeated venipuncture or apheresis. Patients received at least 1 cycle of 3 infusions of the DC-CIKs administered by indwelling catheter into the pleural or peritoneal cavity every other day. The volume of malignant effusions was assessed radiologically. Peripheral blood lymphocyte populations were enumerated by flow cytometry. Quality of life (QoL) during the DC-CIK infusions was assessed by the EORTC QLQ-30 instrument. ctDNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene clonal load and molecular tumor burden during the infusion treatment. Thirty-seven patients with breast, lung and other malignancies were enrolled. The results showed that intra-cavitary DC-CIK infusions (16 intrapleural and 21 intraperitoneal) were well-tolerated with no grade 3/4 adverse events. There was one complete response with effusion disappearance (CR) (3%), 13 partial responses (PR) (35%), 12 with stable disease (SD) (32%) and 11 with progressive disease (PD) (30%), resulting in a clinical effusion control rate (CCR) of 70% (26/37). The total number of infused CIKs and the CD3+/CD8+ and CD8+/CD28+ T cell frequencies within the CIKs were associated with effusion control (P=0.013). Moreover, increased peripheral blood CD3+/CD8+ (P=0.035) and decreased CD4+/CD25+ T cell frequencies (P=0.041) following the DC-CIK infusions were associated with malignant effusion and ascites control. Reductions in ctDNA correlated with clinical benefit. In conclusion, intra-cavitary autologous cellular immunotherapy is an alternative method to effectively control malignant pleural effusions and ascites. The overall effusion control rate was associated with higher peripheral blood effector T cell frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Guoliang Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Xinna Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Yanhua Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038, China
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC 27710, USA
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172
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Wang R, Du X, Zhi Y. Screening of Critical Genes Involved in Metastasis and Prognosis of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by Gene Expression Profile Data. J Comput Biol 2020; 27:1104-1114. [PMID: 31725318 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruike Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining City, China
- Affiliated Jining No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining City, China
| | - Xia Du
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining City, China
| | - Yaqin Zhi
- Affiliated Jining No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining City, China
- Department of Oncology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining City, China
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173
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Vazquez J, Chavarria M, Lopez GE, Felder MA, Kapur A, Romo Chavez A, Karst N, Barroilhet L, Patankar MS, Stanic AK. Identification of unique clusters of T, dendritic, and innate lymphoid cells in the peritoneal fluid of ovarian cancer patients. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 84:e13284. [PMID: 32524661 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM We hypothesize that activated peritoneal immune cells can be redirected to target ovarian tumors. Here, we obtain fundamental knowledge of the peritoneal immune environment through deep immunophenotyping of T cells, dendritic cells (DC), and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) of ovarian cancer patients. METHOD OF STUDY T cells, DC, and ILC from ascites of ovarian cancer patients (n = 15) and peripheral blood of post-menopausal healthy donors (n = 6) were immunophenotyped on a BD Fortessa cytometer using three panels-each composed of 16 antibodies. The data were analyzed manually and by t-SNE/DensVM. CA125 levels were obtained from patient charts. RESULTS We observed decreased CD3+ T cells and a higher proportion of activated CD4+ and effector memory CD4+ /CD8+ T cells, plasmacytoid DC, CD1c+ and CD141+ myeloid DC and CD56Hi NK cells in ascites. t-SNE/DensVM identified eight T cell, 17 DC, and 17 ILC clusters that were unique in the ascites compared to controls. Hierarchical clustering of cell frequency distinctly segregated the T-cell and ILC clusters from controls. Increased CA125 levels were associated with decreased CD8+ /CD45RA+ /CD45RO- /CCR7- T cells. CONCLUSION The identified immune clusters serve as the basis for interrogation of the peritoneal immune environment and the development of novel immunologic modalities against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vazquez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Melina Chavarria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gladys E Lopez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mildred A Felder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arvinder Kapur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Antonio Romo Chavez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nathan Karst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lisa Barroilhet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Manish S Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aleksandar K Stanic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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174
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Ojasalu K, Brehm C, Hartung K, Nischak M, Finkernagel F, Rexin P, Nist A, Pavlakis E, Stiewe T, Jansen JM, Wagner U, Gattenlöhner S, Bräuninger A, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Reinartz S, Müller R. Upregulation of mesothelial genes in ovarian carcinoma cells is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome and the promotion of cancer cell adhesion. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2142-2162. [PMID: 32533757 PMCID: PMC7463315 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is its early and massive peritoneal dissemination via the peritoneal fluid. It is generally believed that tumor cells must breach the mesothelium of peritoneal organs to adhere to the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM) and initiate metastatic growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are only partially understood. Here, we have analyzed 52 matched samples of spheroids and solid tumor masses (suspected primary lesions and metastases) from 10 patients by targeted sequencing of 21 loci previously proposed as targets of HGSC driver mutations. This analysis revealed very similar patterns of genetic alterations in all samples. One exception was FAT3 with a strong enrichment of mutations in metastases compared with presumed primary lesions in two cases. FAT3 is a putative tumor suppressor gene that codes for an atypical cadherin, pointing a potential role in peritoneal dissemination in a subgroup of HGSC patients. By contrast, transcriptome data revealed clear and consistent differences between tumor cell spheroids from ascites and metastatic lesions, which were mirrored by the in vitro adherence of ascites‐derived spheroids. The adhesion‐induced transcriptional alterations in metastases and adherent cells resembled epithelial–mesenchymal transition, but surprisingly also included the upregulation of a specific subset of mesothelial genes, such as calretinin (CALB2) and podoplanin (PDPN). Consistent with this finding, calretinin staining was also observed in subsets of tumor cells in HGSC metastases, particularly at the invasive tumor edges. Intriguingly, a high expression of either CALB2 or PDPN was strongly associated with a poor clinical outcome. siRNA‐mediated CALB2 silencing triggered the detachment of adherent HGSC cells in vitro and inhibited the adhesion of detached HGSC cells to collagen type I. Our data suggest that the acquisition of a mesenchymal–mesothelial phenotype contributes to cancer cell adhesion to the ECM of peritoneal organs and HGSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaire Ojasalu
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Brehm
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Hartung
- Institute of Pathology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Nischak
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Rexin
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Pavlakis
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia M Jansen
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Silke Reinartz
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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175
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Microenvironment remodeled by tumor and stromal cells elevates fibroblast-derived COL1A1 and facilitates ovarian cancer metastasis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112153. [PMID: 32589888 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Wide peritoneal metastasis is the cause of the highest lethality of ovarian cancer in gynecologic malignancies. Ascites play a key role in ovarian cancer metastasis, but involved mechanism is uncertain. Here, we performed a quantitative proteomics of ascites, and found that collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) was notably elevated in ascites from epithelial ovarian cancer patients compared to normal peritoneal fluids, and verified that elevated COL1A1 was mainly originated from fibroblasts. COL1A1 promoted migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, but such effects were partially eliminated by COL1A1 antibodies. Intraperitoneally injected COL1A1 accelerated intraperitoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer xenograft in NOD/SCID mice. Further, COL1A1 activated downstream AKT phosphorylation by binding to membrane surface receptor integrin β1 (ITGB1). Knockdown or blockage of ITGB1 reversed COL1A1 enhanced migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, ovarian cancer ascites and fibrinogen promoted fibroblasts to secrete COL1A1. Elevated fibrinogen in ascites might be associated with increased vascular permeability induced by ovarian cancer. Our findings suggest that microenvironment remodeled by tumor cells and stromal cells promotes fibroblasts to secrete COL1A1 and facilitates the metastasis of ovarian cancer, which may provide a new approach for ovarian cancer therapeutics.
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176
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Gandham S, Su X, Wood J, Nocera AL, Alli SC, Milane L, Zimmerman A, Amiji M, Ivanov AR. Technologies and Standardization in Research on Extracellular Vesicles. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1066-1098. [PMID: 32564882 PMCID: PMC7302792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer membrane-enclosed structures containing RNAs, proteins, lipids, metabolites, and other molecules, secreted by various cells into physiological fluids. EV-mediated transfer of biomolecules is a critical component of a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Potential applications of EVs in novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have brought increasing attention. However, EV research remains highly challenging due to the inherently complex biogenesis of EVs and their vast heterogeneity in size, composition, and origin. There is a need for the establishment of standardized methods that address EV heterogeneity and sources of pre-analytical and analytical variability in EV studies. Here, we review technologies developed for EV isolation and characterization and discuss paths toward standardization in EV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srujan Gandham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xianyi Su
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jacqueline Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Angela L Nocera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarath Chandra Alli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lara Milane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alan Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mansoor Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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177
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Ramamoorthy V, Rubens M, Saxena A, Bhatt C, Das S, Appunni S, Veledar E, McGranaghan P, Shehadeh N, Viamonte-Ros A, Linhares Y, Odia Y, Kotecha R, Mehta MP. Prevalence and Inpatient Hospital Outcomes of Malignancy-Related Ascites in the United States. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2020; 38:47-53. [PMID: 32462883 DOI: 10.1177/1049909120928980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Malignancy-related ascites (MRA) is the terminal stage of many advanced cancers, and the treatment is mainly palliative. This study looked for epidemiology and inpatient hospital outcomes of patients with MRA in the United States using a national database. METHODS The current study was a cross-sectional analysis of 2015 National Inpatient Sample data and consisted of patients ≥18 years with MRA. Descriptive statistics were used for understanding demographics, clinical characteristics, and MRA hospitalization costs. Multivariate regression models were used to identify predictors of length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS There were 123 410 MRA hospitalizations in 2015. The median length of stay was 4.7 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.5-8.6 days), median cost of hospitalization was US$43 543 (IQR: US$23 485-US$82 248), and in-hospital mortality rate was 8.8% (n = 10 855). Multivariate analyses showed that male sex, black race, and admission to medium and large hospitals were associated with increased hospital length of stay. Factors associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates included male sex; Asian or Pacific Islander race; beneficiaries of private insurance, Medicaid, and self-pay; patients residing in large central and small metro counties; nonelective admission type; and rural and urban nonteaching hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that many demographic, socioeconomic, health care, and geographic factors were associated with hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality and may suggest disparities in quality of care. These factors could be targeted for preventing unplanned hospitalization, decreasing hospital length of stay, and lowering in-hospital mortality for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muni Rubens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anshul Saxena
- 7403Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sankalp Das
- 7403Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Emir Veledar
- 7403Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Peter McGranaghan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Ana Viamonte-Ros
- 7403Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yuliya Linhares
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yazmin Odia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rupesh Kotecha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Minesh P Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 455694Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,1782Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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178
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Loss of 4.1N in epithelial ovarian cancer results in EMT and matrix-detached cell death resistance. Protein Cell 2020; 12:107-127. [PMID: 32448967 PMCID: PMC7862473 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the leading causes of death from gynecologic cancers and peritoneal dissemination is the major cause of death in patients with EOC. Although the loss of 4.1N is associated with increased risk of malignancy, its association with EOC remains unclear. To explore the underlying mechanism of the loss of 4.1N in constitutive activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and matrix-detached cell death resistance, we investigated samples from 268 formalin-fixed EOC tissues and performed various in vitro and in vivo assays. We report that the loss of 4.1N correlated with progress in clinical stage, as well as poor survival in EOC patients. The loss of 4.1N induces EMT in adherent EOC cells and its expression inhibits anoikis resistance and EMT by directly binding and accelerating the degradation of 14-3-3 in suspension EOC cells. Furthermore, the loss of 4.1N could increase the rate of entosis, which aggravates cell death resistance in suspension EOC cells. Moreover, xenograft tumors in nude mice also show that the loss of 4.1N can aggravate peritoneal dissemination of EOC cells. Single-agent and combination therapy with a ROCK inhibitor and a 14-3-3 antagonist can reduce tumor spread to varying degrees. Our results not only define the vital role of 4.1N loss in inducing EMT, anoikis resistance, and entosis-induced cell death resistance in EOC, but also suggest that individual or combined application of 4.1N, 14-3-3 antagonists, and entosis inhibitors may be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of EOC.
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179
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Xu Y, Guo X, Wang G, Zhou C. Vitamin C Inhibits Metastasis of Peritoneal Tumors By Preventing Spheroid Formation in ID8 Murine Epithelial Peritoneal Cancer Model. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:645. [PMID: 32477126 PMCID: PMC7236773 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High mortality is associated with exclusively metastasis within the peritoneal cavity among patients with epithelial ovarian cancer that is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. There is an unmet need to develop more effective therapies to prevent metastasis of peritoneal cancer. Multicellular spheroid formation, during which cancer cells migrate and adhere to tumor-associated macrophages, is a critical step of ovarian cancer metastasis. Here, we showed that vitamin C inhibited spheroid formation and metastasis in ID8 ovarian cancer-bearing mice. We further found that vitamin C treatment decreased the levels of M2 macrophages in tumor nodules and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vitro studies revealed that vitamin C inhibited proliferation, arrested cell cycle, attenuated migration, and prevented the spheroid formation of ID8 ovarian cancer cells. Vitamin C induced apoptosis of ID8 cells, which was confirmed by membrane potential collapse, cytosolic calcium overload, ATP depletion, and caspase-3 activation in vitamin C-treated cells. Intriguingly, vitamin C treatment caused striking morphological change and apoptosis of macrophages. The presented proof of concept study strategically identifies new anticancer mechanisms of vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Ganyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Changkuo Zhou
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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180
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Ford CE, Werner B, Hacker NF, Warton K. The untapped potential of ascites in ovarian cancer research and treatment. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:9-16. [PMID: 32382112 PMCID: PMC7341795 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The build-up of fluid in the peritoneal cavity-ascites-is a hallmark of ovarian cancer, the most lethal of all gynaecological malignancies. This remarkable fluid, which contains a variety of cellular and acellular components, is known to contribute to patient morbidity and mortality by facilitating metastasis and contributing to chemoresistance, but remains largely under-researched. In this review, we will critically analyse the evidence associating ascites with metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer and provide an update on research in the field. We will argue the case for ascites as a unique and accessible substrate for tracking tumour progression and for translational research that will enhance our understanding of this cancer and lead to improvements in patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Elizabeth Ford
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre and School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Bonnita Werner
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre and School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kristina Warton
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre and School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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181
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Balduit A, Agostinis C, Mangogna A, Maggi V, Zito G, Romano F, Romano A, Ceccherini R, Grassi G, Bonin S, Bonazza D, Zanconati F, Ricci G, Bulla R. The Extracellular Matrix Influences Ovarian Carcinoma Cells' Sensitivity to Cisplatinum: A First Step towards Personalized Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051175. [PMID: 32392708 PMCID: PMC7281165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of personalized therapies for ovarian carcinoma patients is still hampered by several limitations, mainly the difficulty of predicting patients’ responses to chemotherapy in tumor cells isolated from peritoneal fluids. The main reason for the low predictive power of in vitro assays is related to the modification of the cancer cells’ phenotype induced by the culture conditions, which results in changes to the activation state and drug sensitivity of tumor cells compared to their in vivo properties. We have defined the optimal culture conditions to set up a prognostic test to predict high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) patients’ responses to platinum chemotherapy. We evaluated the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) and fibronectin matrices and the contribution of freezing/thawing processes to the cell response to platinum-based treatment, collecting spheroids from the ascitic fluids of 13 patients with stage II or III HGSOC. Our findings indicated that an efficient model used to generate predictive data for in vivo sensitivity to platinum is culturing fresh spheroids on HA, avoiding the use of previously frozen primary tumor cells. The establishment of this easy, reproducible and standardized testing method can significantly contribute to an improvement in therapeutic effectiveness, thus bringing the prospect of personalized therapy closer for ovarian carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balduit
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34134 Trieste, Italy; (G.Z.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-04-0558-8646
| | - Alessandro Mangogna
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Veronica Maggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Gabriella Zito
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34134 Trieste, Italy; (G.Z.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34134 Trieste, Italy; (G.Z.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Rita Ceccherini
- Centro Sociale Oncologico, OSARF, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Serena Bonin
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34134 Trieste, Italy; (G.Z.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (A.R.); (S.B.); (D.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (R.B.)
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182
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Wang SJ, Li R, Ng TSC, Luthria G, Oudin MJ, Prytyskach M, Kohler RH, Weissleder R, Lauffenburger DA, Miller MA. Efficient blockade of locally reciprocated tumor-macrophage signaling using a TAM-avid nanotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz8521. [PMID: 32494745 PMCID: PMC7244320 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz8521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Interpreting how multicellular interactions in the tumor affect resistance pathways to BRAF and MEK1/2 MAPK inhibitors (MAPKi) remains a challenge. To investigate this, we profiled global ligand-receptor interactions among tumor and stromal/immune cells from biopsies of MAPK-driven disease. MAPKi increased tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in some patients, which correlated with poor clinical response, and MAPKi coamplified bidirectional tumor-TAM signaling via receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including AXL, MERTK, and their ligand GAS6. In xenograft tumors, intravital microscopy simultaneously monitored in situ single-cell activities of multiple kinases downstream of RTKs, revealing MAPKi increased TAMs and enhanced bypass signaling in TAM-proximal tumor cells. As a proof-of-principle strategy to block this signaling, we developed a multi-RTK kinase inhibitor nanoformulation that accumulated in TAMs and delayed disease progression. Thus, bypass signaling can reciprocally amplify across nearby cell types, offering new opportunities for therapeutic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ran Li
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas S. C. Ng
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gaurav Luthria
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madeleine J. Oudin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Mark Prytyskach
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer H. Kohler
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Miles A. Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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183
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Chambers LM, Esakov E, Braley C, AlHilli M, Michener C, Reizes O. Use of Transabdominal Ultrasound for the detection of intra-peritoneal tumor engraftment and growth in mouse xenografts of epithelial ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228511. [PMID: 32348309 PMCID: PMC7190129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate intraperitoneal (IP) tumor engraftment, metastasis and growth in a pre-clinical murine epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) model using both transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) and bioluminescence in vivo imaging system (IVIS). METHODS Ten female C57Bl/6J mice at six weeks of age were included in this study. Five mice underwent IP injection of 5x106 ID8-luc cells (+ D- luciferin) and the remaining five mice underwent IP injection of ID8-VEGF cells. Monitoring of tumor growth and ascites was performed weekly starting at seven days post-injection until study endpoint. ID8-luc mice were monitored using both TAUS and IVIS, and ID8-VEGF mice underwent TAUS monitoring only. Individual tumor implant dimension and total tumor volume were calculated. Average luminescent intensity was calculated and reported per mouse abdomen. Tumor detection was confirmed by gross evaluation and histopathology. All data are presented as mean +/- standard deviation. RESULTS Overall, tumors were successfully detected in all ten mice using TAUS and IVIS, and tumor detection correlated with terminal endpoint histology/ H&E staining. For TAUS, the smallest confirmed tumor measurements were at seven days post-injection with mean long axis of 2.23mm and mean tumor volume of 4.17mm3. However, IVIS imaging was able to detect tumor growth at 14 days post-injection. Ascites formation was detected in mice at 21 days post-injection. CONCLUSIONS TAUS is highly discriminatory for monitoring EOC in pre-clinical murine model, allowing for detection of tumor dimension as small as 2 mm and as early as seven days post-injection compared to IVIS. In addition, TAUS provides relevant information for ascites development and detection of multiple small metastatic tumor implants. TAUS provides an accurate and reliable method to detect and monitor IP EOC growth in mouse xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Chambers
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Emily Esakov
- Department of Cardiovascular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Chad Braley
- Department of Cardiovascular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Mariam AlHilli
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Chad Michener
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Ofer Reizes
- Department of Cardiovascular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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184
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Gong Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Xue L, Wang J. Metabolic factors contribute to T-cell inhibition in the ovarian cancer ascites. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1768-1777. [PMID: 32208517 PMCID: PMC7496064 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malignant ascites is one of the major clinical features of ovarian cancer, which serves as a carrier for the peritoneal dissemination of tumor cells and predicts a poor prognosis in patients. In the microenvironment of ovarian cancer ascites, antitumor immunity is suppressed, which enables the tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance. The metabolic factors, including hypoxia, nutrient deprivation and accumulation of metabolic products, contribute to the immunosuppressive status of malignant ascites. The malignant ascites and ovarian solid tumors exhibit differential metabolic profiles. In this review, we have summarized the most recent findings on the interaction between immune cells and metabolic factors in the ovarian cancer ascites. The effects of metabolic factors on the antitumor functions of T-cells in the malignant ascites were analyzed. Finally, we have discussed the potential directions for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Gong
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Beijing, China.,Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Yang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Beijing, China.,Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Beijing, China.,Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Beijing, China.,Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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185
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Zhao J, Chen G, Pang X, Zhang P, Hou X, Chen P, Xie YW, He CY, Wang Z, Chen ZY. Calcium phosphate nanoneedle based gene delivery system for cancer genetic immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2020; 250:120072. [PMID: 32361307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has become one of the most common gynecological cancers with a high mortality. However, conventional surgery together with combination chemotherapy is difficult to achieve ideal therapeutic effect. Although genetic immunotherapy is applied to active immune responses against cancer, the absence of efficient in vivo gene delivery technique is still an obstacle in clinical application. To overcome these problems, a minicircle DNA vector encoding humanized anti-EpCAM/CD3 bispecific antibody (BsAbEPH) has been constructed. Moreover, different shapes of calcium phosphate (CaPO) biomaterials were prepared. Specifically, the CaPO-nanoneedle-mediated "cell perforation" transfection technology achieves high levels of gene expression in peritoneal cavity. In an intraperitoneal xenograft model with human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, the CaPO-nanoneedle/minicircle DNA system expressed BsAbEPH resulted in significant retardation of cancer growth and extension of mouse life-span with limited toxicity. And this system can be made as off-the-shelf and easy-to-use products. Therefore, CaPO-nanoneedle based non-viral gene delivery technology will have great potential in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 18107, PR China; Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Guochuang Chen
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Pang
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Peifa Zhang
- Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Hou
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yi-Wu Xie
- Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yi He
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 18107, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Functional Biomaterials, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Zhi-Ying Chen
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syno Minicircle Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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186
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Single-cell EMT-related transcriptional analysis revealed intra-cluster heterogeneity of tumor cell clusters in epithelial ovarian cancer ascites. Oncogene 2020; 39:4227-4240. [PMID: 32284541 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Malignant ascites of epithelial ovarian cancer is a metastatic tumor microenvironment in which large amounts of disseminated single cells (DSCs) and disseminated tumor cell clusters (DTCCs) are commonly observed. The tumor cell clusters are known to be more aggressive than individual tumor cells in cancer metastasis; however, little is known about the mechanism. Applying single-cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcriptional analysis in 120 DSCs and 195 intra-cluster cells from 27 DTCCs, we demonstrated that DTCCs were heterogeneous cellular units comprised of epithelial tumor cells, leukocytes, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Through the analysis of intra-DTCC heterogeneity, we identified that CAFs induced EMT of tumor cells via TGFβ signaling within the DTCC microenvironment. The activation of EMT program, in particular the upregulation of ZEB2, enabled the acquisition of additional chemoresistance and metastasis abilities of the intra-DTCC tumor cells, which resulted in the aggressiveness of DTCCs.
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187
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Parrilla A, Barber M, Majem B, Castellví J, Morote J, Sánchez JL, Pérez-Benavente A, Segura MF, Gil-Moreno A, Santamaria A. Aurora Borealis (Bora), Which Promotes Plk1 Activation by Aurora A, Has an Oncogenic Role in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E886. [PMID: 32268485 PMCID: PMC7226261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying novel actionable factors that critically contribute to tumorigenesis is essential in ovarian cancer, an aggressive and disseminative tumor, with limited therapeutic options available. Here we show that Aurora Borealis (BORA), a mitotic protein that plays a key role in activating the master mitotic kinase polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), has an oncogenic role in ovarian cancer. Gain and loss of function assays on mouse models and ex vivo patient-derived ascites cultures revealed an oncogenic role of BORA in tumor development and a transcriptome-analysis in clinically representative models depicted BORA's role in survival, dissemination and inflammatory cancer related-pathways. Importantly, combinatory treatments of FDA-approved inhibitors against oncogenic downstream effectors of BORA displayed synergistic effect in ovarian cancer models, offering promising therapeutic value. Altogether, our findings uncovered for the first time a critical role of BORA in the viability of human cancer cells providing potential novel therapeutic opportunities for ovarian cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Parrilla
- Group of Biomedical Research in Urology, Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.); (M.B.); (B.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Marta Barber
- Group of Biomedical Research in Urology, Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.); (M.B.); (B.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Blanca Majem
- Group of Biomedical Research in Urology, Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.); (M.B.); (B.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Josep Castellví
- Department of Pathology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan Morote
- Group of Biomedical Research in Urology, Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.); (M.B.); (B.M.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sánchez
- Group of Biomedical Research in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.S.); (A.P.-B.); (A.G.-M.)
- Department of Gynecology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asunción Pérez-Benavente
- Group of Biomedical Research in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.S.); (A.P.-B.); (A.G.-M.)
- Department of Gynecology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Group of Biomedical Research in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.S.); (A.P.-B.); (A.G.-M.)
- Department of Gynecology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaria
- Group of Biomedical Research in Urology, Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.); (M.B.); (B.M.); (J.M.)
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188
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Nath S, Pigula M, Khan AP, Hanna W, Ruhi MK, Dehkordy FM, Pushpavanam K, Rege K, Moore K, Tsujita Y, Conrad C, Inci F, del Carmen MG, Franco W, Celli JP, Demirci U, Hasan T, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Flow-induced Shear Stress Confers Resistance to Carboplatin in an Adherent Three-Dimensional Model for Ovarian Cancer: A Role for EGFR-Targeted Photoimmunotherapy Informed by Physical Stress. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040924. [PMID: 32231055 PMCID: PMC7230263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A key reason for the persistently grim statistics associated with metastatic ovarian cancer is resistance to conventional agents, including platinum-based chemotherapies. A major source of treatment failure is the high degree of genetic and molecular heterogeneity, which results from significant underlying genomic instability, as well as stromal and physical cues in the microenvironment. Ovarian cancer commonly disseminates via transcoelomic routes to distant sites, which is associated with the frequent production of malignant ascites, as well as the poorest prognosis. In addition to providing a cell and protein-rich environment for cancer growth and progression, ascitic fluid also confers physical stress on tumors. An understudied area in ovarian cancer research is the impact of fluid shear stress on treatment failure. Here, we investigate the effect of fluid shear stress on response to platinum-based chemotherapy and the modulation of molecular pathways associated with aggressive disease in a perfusion model for adherent 3D ovarian cancer nodules. Resistance to carboplatin is observed under flow with a concomitant increase in the expression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as well as downstream signaling members mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The uptake of platinum by the 3D ovarian cancer nodules was significantly higher in flow cultures compared to static cultures. A downregulation of phospho-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), vinculin, and phospho-paxillin was observed following carboplatin treatment in both flow and static cultures. Interestingly, low-dose anti-EGFR photoimmunotherapy (PIT), a targeted photochemical modality, was found to be equally effective in ovarian tumors grown under flow and static conditions. These findings highlight the need to further develop PIT-based combinations that target the EGFR, and sensitize ovarian cancers to chemotherapy in the context of flow-induced shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Nath
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Amjad P. Khan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - William Hanna
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
| | - Farzaneh Mahmoodpoor Dehkordy
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Karthik Pushpavanam
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaushal Rege
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaitlin Moore
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Yujiro Tsujita
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Christina Conrad
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Marcela G. del Carmen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Walfre Franco
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence:
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189
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Dyevoich AM, Haas KM. Type I IFN, Ly6C + cells, and Phagocytes Support Suppression of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Elicited by a TLR and CLR Agonist Combination. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1232-1242. [PMID: 32188623 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer involving spread to the peritoneal cavity is referred to as peritoneal carcinomatosis and has a very poor prognosis. Our previous study demonstrated a Toll-like receptor and C-type lectin receptor agonist pairing of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and trehalose-6,6'-dicorynomycolate (TDCM) effectively inhibits tumor growth and ascites development following TA3-Ha and EL4 challenge through a mechanism dependent on B-1a cell-produced natural IgM and complement. In this study, we investigated additional players in the MPL/TDCM-elicited response. MPL/TDCM treatment rapidly increased type I IFN levels in the peritoneal cavity along with myeloid cell numbers, including macrophages and Ly6Chi monocytes. Type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1-/-) mice produced tumor-reactive IgM following MPL/TDCM treatment, but failed to recruit Ly6C+ monocytes and were not afforded protection during tumor challenges. Clodronate liposome depletion of phagocytic cells, as well as targeted depletion of Ly6C+ cells, also ablated MPL/TDCM-induced protection. Cytotoxic mediators known to be produced by these cells were required for effects. TNFα was required for effective TA3-Ha killing and nitric oxide was required for EL4 killing. Collectively, these data reveal a model whereby MPL/TDCM-elicited antitumor effects strongly depend on innate cell responses, with B-1a cell-produced tumor-reactive IgM and complement pairing with myeloid cell-produced cytotoxic mediators to effectively eradicate tumors in the peritoneal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dyevoich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Karen M Haas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
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190
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The Capacity of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells to Form Multicellular Structures Spontaneously along Disease Progression Correlates with Their Orthotopic Tumorigenicity in Immunosuppressed Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030699. [PMID: 32188032 PMCID: PMC7140084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have examined the biology, genetics, and chemotherapeutic response of ovarian cancer's solid component; its liquid facet, however, remains critically underinvestigated. Floating within peritoneal effusions known as ascites, ovarian cancer cells form multicellular structures, creating a cancer niche in suspension. This study explores the pathobiology of spontaneously formed, multicellular, ovarian cancer structures derived from serous ovarian cancer cells isolated along disease evolution. It also tests their capacity to cause peritoneal disease in immunosuppressed mice. Results stem from an analysis of cell lines representing the most frequently diagnosed ovarian cancer histotype (high-grade serous ovarian cancer), derived from ascites of the same patient at distinct stages of disease progression. When cultured under adherent conditions, in addition to forming cellular monolayers, the cultures developed areas in which the cells grew upwards, forming densely packed multilayers that ultimately detached from the bottom of the plates and lived as free-floating, multicellular structures. The capacity to form foci and to develop multicellular structures was proportional to disease progression at the time of ascites extraction. Self-assembled in culture, these structures varied in size, were either compact or hollow, irregular, or spheroidal, and exhibited replicative capacity and an epithelial nature. Furthermore, they fully recreated ovarian cancer disease in immunosuppressed mice: accumulation of malignant ascites and pleural effusions; formation of discrete, solid, macroscopic, peritoneal tumors; and microscopic growths in abdominal organs. They also reproduced the histopathological features characteristic of high-grade serous ovarian cancer when diagnosed in patients. The following results encourage the development of therapeutic interventions to interrupt the formation and/or survival of multicellular structures that constitute a floating niche in the peritoneal fluid, which in turn halts disease progression and prevents recurrence.
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191
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Ovarian Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells and Current Treatment Strategies: A Potential Role of Magmas in the Current Treatment Methods. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030719. [PMID: 32183385 PMCID: PMC7140629 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) constitutes 90% of ovarian cancers (OC) and is the eighth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. The cancer histologically and genetically is very complex having a high degree of tumour heterogeneity. The pathogenic variability in OC causes significant impediments in effectively treating patients, resulting in a dismal prognosis. Disease progression is predominantly influenced by the peritoneal tumour microenvironment rather than properties of the tumor and is the major contributor to prognosis. Standard treatment of OC patients consists of debulking surgery, followed by chemotherapy, which in most cases end in recurrent chemoresistant disease. This review discusses the different origins of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the major sub-type of EOC. Tumour heterogeneity, genetic/epigenetic changes, and cancer stem cells (CSC) in facilitating HGSOC progression and their contribution in the circumvention of therapy treatments are included. Several new treatment strategies are discussed including our preliminary proof of concept study describing the role of mitochondria-associated granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling protein (Magmas) in HGSOC and its unique potential role in chemotherapy-resistant disease.
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192
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Tian S, Cheng SB, Guo YY, Xie M, Zhan N, Zeng Z, Huang WH, Dong WG. High Efficient Isolation of Tumor Cells by a Three Dimensional Scaffold Chip for Diagnosis of Malignant Effusions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2177-2184. [PMID: 35025269 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ying-Yun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Min Xie
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Na Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
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193
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Padmakumar S, Menon D. Nanofibrous Polydioxanone Depots for Prolonged Intraperitoneal Paclitaxel Delivery. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 16:654-662. [PMID: 31418659 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666190816102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged chemodrug delivery to the tumor site is a prerequisite to maintaining its localised therapeutic concentrations for effective treatment of malignant solid tumors. OBJECTIVE The current study aims to develop implantable polymeric depots through conventional electrospinning for sustained drug delivery, specifically to the peritoneum. METHODS Non-woven electrospun mats were fabricated by simple electrospinning of Polydioxanone solution loaded with the chemodrug, Paclitaxel. The implants were subjected to the analysis of morphology, mechanical properties, degradation and drug release in phosphate buffer and patient-derived peritoneal drain fluid samples. In vivo studies were conducted by surgical knotting of these implants to the peritoneal wall of healthy mice. RESULTS Non-woven electrospun mats with a thickness of 0.65±0.07 mm, weighing ~ 20 mg were fabricated by electrospinning 15 w/v% polymer loaded with 10 w/w% drug. These implants possessing good mechanical integrity showed a drug entrapment efficiency of 87.82±2.54 %. In vitro drug release studies in phosphate buffer showed a sustained profile for ~4 weeks with a burst of 10 % of total drug content, whereas this amounted to >60% in patient samples. Mice implanted with these depots remained healthy during the study period. The biphasic drug release profile obtained in vivo showed a slow trend, with peritoneal lavage and tissues retaining good drug concentrations for a sustained period. CONCLUSION The results indicate that non-woven electrospun mats developed from biodegradable Polydioxanone polymer can serve as ideal candidates for easily implantable drug depots to address the challenges of peritoneal metastasis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Padmakumar
- Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| | - Deepthy Menon
- Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
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194
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MiR-217 Inhibits M2-Like Macrophage Polarization by Suppressing Secretion of Interleukin-6 in Ovarian Cancer. Inflammation 2020; 42:1517-1529. [PMID: 31049770 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly cancers with rapid proliferation and poor prognosis among patients. Therapies focusing on regulation of tumor immunity and microenvironments are developing. MiR-217 was dysregulated in cancer progress and plays important roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the role of miR-217 in regulation of macrophage polarization and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. The expression of miR-217 in ovarian cancerous tissues and cell lines were assessed by qRT-PCR. And we detected the staining of CD86 and CD206 via flow-cytometry and the levels of Arg-1 and CCR2 by western-blot in order to evaluate M2 macrophage polarization. The targeting regulation of miR-217 on pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and western-blot. ELISA assay was used to evaluate the secretion of IL-6 and IL-10 of cells. MiR-217 was found to be downregulated in ovarian cancerous tissues and cell lines. This downregulation correlated with an increased expression of the IL-6, Arg-1, CCR2, and CD206 gene. The overexpression of miR-217 in SKOV3 cells can inhibit the polarization of macrophages towards an M2-like phenotype. We also found that IL-6 was validated to induce M2 macrophage polarization and its secretion in SKOV-3 cells was inhibited by miR-217 directly. Moreover, we revealed that miR-217 suppressed M2 macrophage polarization partly thought JAK/STAT3 signal pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that miR-217 inhibits tumor-induced M2 macrophage polarization through targeting of IL-6 and regulation JAK3/STAT3 signaling pathway, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for treating ovarian cancer.
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195
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Kurimchak AM, Herrera-Montávez C, Brown J, Johnson KJ, Sodi V, Srivastava N, Kumar V, Deihimi S, O'Brien S, Peri S, Mantia-Smaldone GM, Jain A, Winters RM, Cai KQ, Chernoff J, Connolly DC, Duncan JS. Functional proteomics interrogation of the kinome identifies MRCKA as a therapeutic target in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/619/eaax8238. [PMID: 32071169 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer with few effective, targeted therapies. HGSOC tumors exhibit genomic instability with frequent alterations in the protein kinome; however, only a small fraction of the kinome has been therapeutically targeted in HGSOC. Using multiplexed inhibitor beads and mass spectrometry, we mapped the kinome landscape of HGSOC tumors from patients and patient-derived xenograft models. The data revealed a prevalent signature consisting of established HGSOC driver kinases, as well as several kinases previously unexplored in HGSOC. Loss-of-function analysis of these kinases in HGSOC cells indicated MRCKA (also known as CDC42BPA) as a putative therapeutic target. Characterization of the effects of MRCKA knockdown in established HGSOC cell lines demonstrated that MRCKA was integral to signaling that regulated the cell cycle checkpoint, focal adhesion, and actin remodeling, as well as cell migration, proliferation, and survival. Moreover, inhibition of MRCKA using the small-molecule BDP9066 decreased cell proliferation and spheroid formation and induced apoptosis in HGSOC cells, suggesting that MRCKA may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Kurimchak
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Brown
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Katherine J Johnson
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.,Thermo Fisher Scientific, 168 Third Ave., Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Valerie Sodi
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Nishi Srivastava
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Safoora Deihimi
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Shane O'Brien
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Suraj Peri
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA. 19111, USA
| | - Gina M Mantia-Smaldone
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Angela Jain
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Ryan M Winters
- Biosample Repository Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Histopathology Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Denise C Connolly
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - James S Duncan
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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Dai X, Meng J, Deng S, Zhang L, Wan C, Lu L, Huang J, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Lovell JF, Wu G, Yang K, Jin H. Targeting CAMKII to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages and inhibit tumor cells for cancer immunotherapy with an injectable hybrid peptide hydrogel. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3049-3063. [PMID: 32194854 PMCID: PMC7053188 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneously targeted treatment of tumor cells and their surrounding growth-supporting immune cells is a promising strategy to reshape immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and potentiate host innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses. Methods: We designed a series of melittin-(RADA)n hybrid peptide sequences with varying self-assembling motifs of RADA and screened out a melittin-(RADA)6 peptide that has an optimal gel-formation ability and in vitro antitumor activity. Results: The formed melittin-(RADA)6 (MR52) hydrogel scaffold could be loaded with a specific Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) inhibitor, KN93, originally found to have both direct tumoricidal activity and macrophages-reprogramming ability, for potent immunotherapy against melanoma and hepatoma ascites in mice models. Our MR52 hydrogel has an interweaving nanofiber-like structure, possesses direct antitumor and controlled drug release properties, and promotes the enhanced intracellular uptake of loaded cargo. Compared to free KN93, the MR52-KN93 hydrogel (MRK) improved the killing effects and levels of immunogenic cell death (ICD) on tumor cells significantly. Due to the dual role of KN93, the injection of the MRK hydrogel retarded the growth of subcutaneous melanoma tumors dramatically and resulted in a high number of mature dendritic cells of draining lymph nodes, significantly enhancing the portion of cytotoxic T cells and reduced number of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumors. Using a mouse model of malignant ascites (MAs), where traditional therapy was ineffective, we demonstrated that the MRK hydrogel treatment offered a significantly prolonged survival compared to controls. Following treatment with the MRK hydrogel, macrophages had elevated programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression, promising follow-up combined anti-PD-1 therapy that confers a cure rate of approximately 30% against MAs in mice models. Conclusion: Thus, the MRK hydrogel may serve as a prospective platform for antitumor applications.
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197
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Singh MS, Goldsmith M, Thakur K, Chatterjee S, Landesman-Milo D, Levy T, Kunz-Schughart LA, Barenholz Y, Peer D. An ovarian spheroid based tumor model that represents vascularized tumors and enables the investigation of nanomedicine therapeutics. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1894-1903. [PMID: 31904048 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The failure of cancer therapies in clinical settings is often attributed to the lack of a relevant tumor model and pathological heterogeneity across tumor types in the clinic. The objective of this study was to develop a robust in vivo tumor model that better represents clinical tumors for the evaluation of anti-cancer therapies. We successfully developed a simple mouse tumor model based on 3D cell culture by injecting a single spheroid and compared it to a tumor model routinely used by injecting cell suspension from 2D monolayer cell culture. We further characterized both tumors with cellular markers for the presence of myofibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells and extracellular matrix to understand the role of the tumor microenvironment. We further investigated the effect of chemotherapy (doxorubicin), nanomedicine (Doxil®), biological therapy (Avastin®) and their combination. Our results showed that the substantial blood vasculature in the 3D spheroid model enhances the delivery of Doxil® by 2.5-fold as compared to the 2D model. Taken together, our data suggest that the 3D tumors created by simple subcutaneous spheroid injection represents a robust and more vascular murine tumor model which is a clinically relevant platform to test anti-cancer therapy in solid tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bevacizumab/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/analogs & derivatives
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Female
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Mice
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/blood supply
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Smriti Singh
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Yue Y, Xia L, Xu S, Wang C, Wang X, Lu W, Xie X. SURF4 maintains stem-like properties via BIRC3 in ovarian cancer cells. J Gynecol Oncol 2020; 31:e46. [PMID: 32026660 PMCID: PMC7286753 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the origin of tumor development, recurrence, and drug resistance, we aimed to explore the mechanism related to modulating stemness in CSCs, thus facilitating to search for new therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. METHODS In this study, ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) induced from cell line 3AO and A2780 were enriched in serum-free medium (SFM). The effect of SURF4 on CSC-like properties was evaluated by sphere-forming assays, re-differentiation assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, Western blotting, cell viability assays and in vivo xenograft experiments. The downstream molecule participating in SURF4 maintaining stemness was screened by RNA-sequencing and identified by the experiments of gene function. RESULTS SURF4 was upregulated expressed in OCSCs. Knockdown of SURF4 reduced the expression of the related stem markers (SOX2 and c-MYC), inhibited self-renewal ability, and improved the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs (paclitaxel and cisplatin) in OCSCs. SURF4 knockdown also inhibited tumorigenesis in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. BIRC3 expression was controlled by SURF4, and BIRC3 showed the similar effect as SURF4 did, and BIRC3 overexpression partially recovered stem-like properties abolished by SURF4 knockdown. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that SURF4 possesses the ability to maintain stemness of OCSCs via BIRC3, and may serve as a potential target in stem cell-targeted therapy for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Yue
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Dai J, Xu M, Wang Q, Yang J, Zhang J, Cui P, Wang W, Lou X, Xia F, Wang S. Cooperation therapy between anti-growth by photodynamic-AIEgens and anti-metastasis by small molecule inhibitors in ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2385-2398. [PMID: 32104509 PMCID: PMC7019153 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the main causes of death and treatment failure in ovarian cancer. Some small molecule inhibitors can effectively inhibit the metastasis of primary tumors. However, they do not kill the primary tumor cells, which may lead to continuous proliferation. Herein, we have prepared a multifunctional nanoparticles named TPD@TB/KBU2046, which consisted of three functional moieties: (1) KBU2046 (small molecule inhibitor) that can inhibit the metastasis of the primary tumors, (2) TB (photodynamic-AIEgens) that may suppress the growth of the primary tumors, and (3) TPD, which contains TMTP1 (a targeting peptide, which specifically binds to highly metastatic tumor cells) that can enhance the TB/KBU2046 dosage in the tumor site. Methods: The TPD@TB/KBU2046 was prepared by nano-precipitation method. We linked the targeting peptide (TMTP1) to the nanoparticles via amidation reaction. TPD@TB/KBU2046 nanoparticles were characterized for encapsulation efficiency, particle size, absorption spectra, emission spectra and ROS production. The combinational efficacy in image-guided anti-metastasis and photodynamic therapy of TPD@TB/KBU2046 was explored both in vitro and in vivo. Results: The TPD@TB/KBU2046 showed an average hydrodynamic size of approximately 50 nm with good stability. In vitro, TPD@TB/KBU2046 not only inhibited the metastasis of the tumors, but also suppressed the growth of the tumors under AIEgens-mediated photodynamic therapy. In vivo, we confirmed that TPD@TB/KBU2046 has the therapeutic effects of anti-tumor growth and anti-metastasis through subcutaneous and orthotopic ovarian tumor models. Conclusion: Our findings provided an effective strategy to compensate for the congenital defects of some small molecule inhibitors and thus enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of ovarian cancer.
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Kotrbová A, Ovesná P, Gybel' T, Radaszkiewicz T, Bednaříková M, Hausnerová J, Jandáková E, Minář L, Crha I, Weinberger V, Záveský L, Bryja V, Pospíchalová V. WNT signaling inducing activity in ascites predicts poor outcome in ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:537-552. [PMID: 31903136 PMCID: PMC6929979 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum (HGSC) is the deadliest gynecological disease which results in a five-year survival rate of 30% or less. HGSC is characterized by the early and rapid development of metastases accompanied by a high frequency of ascites i.e. the pathological accumulation of fluid in peritoneum. Ascites constitute a complex tumor microenvironment and contribute to disease progression by largely unknown mechanisms. Methods: Malignant ascites obtained from HGSC patients who had undergone cytoreductive surgery were tested for their ability to induce WNT signaling in the Kuramochi cell line, a novel and clinically relevant in vitro model of HGSC. Next, cancer spheroids (the main form of metastatic cancer cells in ascites) were evaluated with respect to WNT signaling. Kuramochi cells were used to determine the role of individual WNT signaling branches in the adoption of metastatic stem cell-like behavior by HGSC cells. Furthermore, we analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data on WNT/Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) components retrieved from public cancer databases and corroborated with primary patient samples and validated antibodies on the protein level. Results: We have shown that ascites are capable of inducing WNT signaling in primary HGSC cells and HGSC cell line, Kuramochi. Importantly, patients whose ascites cannot activate WNT pathway present with less aggressive disease and a considerably better outcome including overall survival (OS). Functionally, the activation of non-canonical WNT/PCP signaling by WNT5A (and not canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling by WNT3A) promoted the metastatic stem-cell (metSC) like behavior (i.e. self-renewal, migration, and invasion) of HGSC cells. The pharmacological inhibition of casein kinase 1 (CK1) as well as genetic ablation (dishevelled 3 knock out) of the pathway blocked the WNT5A-induced effect. Additionally, WNT/PCP pathway components were differentially expressed between healthy and tumor tissue as well as between the primary tumor and metastases. Additionally, ascites which activated WNT/PCP signaling contained the typical WNT/PCP ligand WNT5A and interestingly, patients with high levels of WNT5A protein in their ascites exhibited poor progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in comparison to patients with low or undetectable ascitic WNT5A. Together, our results suggest the existence of a positive feedback loop between tumor cells producing WNT ligands and ascites that distribute WNT activity to cancer cells in the peritoneum, in order to promote their pro-metastatic features and drive HGSC progression. Conclusions: Our results highlight the role of WNT/PCP signaling in ovarian cancerogenesis, indicate a possible therapeutic potential of CK1 inhibitors for HGSC, and strongly suggest that the detection of WNT pathway inducing activity ascites (or WNT5A levels in ascites as a surrogate marker) could be a novel prognostic tool for HGSC patients.
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