151
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Liu R, Chen Y, Fu W, Wang S, Cui Y, Zhao X, Lei ZN, Hettinghouse A, Liu J, Wang C, Zhang C, Bi Y, Xiao G, Chen ZS, Liu CJ. Fexofenadine inhibits TNF signaling through targeting to cytosolic phospholipase A2 and is therapeutic against inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1524-1535. [PMID: 31302596 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) signalling plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, particularly inflammatory arthritis. This study aimed to repurpose clinically approved drugs as potential inhibitors of TNF-α signalling in treatment of inflammatory arthritis. METHODS In vitro and in vivo screening of an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library; in vitro and in vivo assays for examining the blockade of TNF actions by fexofenadine: assays for defining the anti-inflammatory activity of fexofenadine using TNF-α transgenic (TNF-tg) mice and collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1 mice. Identification and characterisation of the binding of fexofenadine to cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) using drug affinity responsive target stability assay, proteomics, cellular thermal shift assay, information field dynamics and molecular dynamics; various assays for examining fexofenadine inhibition of cPLA2 as well as the dependence of fexofenadine's anti-TNF activity on cPLA2. RESULTS Serial screenings of a library composed of FDA-approved drugs led to the identification of fexofenadine as an inhibitor of TNF-α signalling. Fexofenadine potently inhibited TNF/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) signalling in vitro and in vivo, and ameliorated disease symptoms in inflammatory arthritis models. cPLA2 was isolated as a novel target of fexofenadine. Fexofenadine blocked TNF-stimulated cPLA2 activity and arachidonic acid production through binding to catalytic domain 2 of cPLA2 and inhibition of its phosphorylation on Ser-505. Further, deletion of cPLA2 abolished fexofenadine's anti-TNF activity. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings not only provide new insights into the understanding of fexofenadine action and underlying mechanisms but also provide new therapeutic interventions for various TNF-α and cPLA2-associated pathologies and conditions, particularly inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Yuehong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Yazhou Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Xiangli Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College ofPharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jody Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Yufei Bi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College ofPharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA .,Departmentof Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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152
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Copsel S, Wolf D, Komanduri KV, Levy RB. The promise of CD4 +FoxP3 + regulatory T-cell manipulation in vivo: applications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica 2019; 104:1309-1321. [PMID: 31221786 PMCID: PMC6601084 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.198838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a non-redundant population critical for the maintenance of self-tolerance. Over the past decade, the use of these cells for therapeutic purposes in transplantation and autoimmune disease has emerged based on their capacity to inhibit immune activation. Basic science discoveries have led to identifying key receptors on Tregs that can regulate their proliferation and function. Notably, the understanding that IL-2 signaling is crucial for Treg homeostasis promoted the hypothesis that in vivo IL-2 treatment could provide a strategy to control the compartment. The use of low-dose IL-2 in vivo was shown to selectively expand Tregs versus other immune cells. Interestingly, a number of other Treg cell surface proteins, including CD28, CD45, IL-33R and TNFRSF members, have been identified which can also induce activation and proliferation of this population. Pre-clinical studies have exploited these observations to prevent and treat mice developing autoimmune diseases and graft-versus-host disease post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These findings support the development of translational strategies to expand Tregs in patients. Excitingly, the use of low-dose IL-2 for patients suffering from graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune disease has demonstrated increased Treg levels together with beneficial outcomes. To date, promising pre-clinical and clinical studies have directly targeted Tregs and clearly established the ability to increase their levels and augment their function in vivo. Here we review the evolving field of in vivo Treg manipulation and its application to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krishna V Komanduri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Division of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine
| | - Robert B Levy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology .,Division of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine.,Department of Ophthalmology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
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153
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Yang Y, Yeh SH, Madireddi S, Matochko WL, Gu C, Pacheco Sanchez P, Ultsch M, De Leon Boenig G, Harris SF, Leonard B, Scales SJ, Zhu JW, Christensen E, Hang JQ, Brezski RJ, Marsters S, Ashkenazi A, Sukumaran S, Chiu H, Cubas R, Kim JM, Lazar GA. Tetravalent biepitopic targeting enables intrinsic antibody agonism of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily members. MAbs 2019; 11:996-1011. [PMID: 31156033 PMCID: PMC6748612 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1625662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonism of members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) with monoclonal antibodies is of high therapeutic interest due to their role in immune regulation and cell proliferation. A major hurdle for pharmacologic activation of this receptor class is the requirement for high-order clustering, a mechanism that imposes a reliance in vivo on Fc receptor-mediated crosslinking. This extrinsic dependence represents a potential limitation of virtually the entire pipeline of agonist TNFRSF antibody drugs, of which none have thus far been approved or reached late-stage clinical trials. We show that tetravalent biepitopic targeting enables robust intrinsic antibody agonism for two members of this family, OX40 and DR5, that is superior to extrinsically crosslinked native parental antibodies. Tetravalent biepitopic anti-OX40 engagement co-stimulated OX40low cells, obviated the requirement for CD28 co-signal for T cell activation, and enabled superior pharmacodynamic activity relative to native IgG in a murine vaccination model. This work establishes a proof of concept for an engineering approach that addresses a major gap for the therapeutic activation of this important receptor class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yang
- a Departments of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Sherry H Yeh
- b Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Shravan Madireddi
- c Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Wadim L Matochko
- a Departments of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Chen Gu
- d Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | | | - Mark Ultsch
- f Structural Biology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | | | - Seth F Harris
- f Structural Biology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Brandon Leonard
- a Departments of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Suzie J Scales
- g Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jing W Zhu
- c Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Erin Christensen
- d Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Julie Q Hang
- d Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Randall J Brezski
- a Departments of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Scot Marsters
- c Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Avi Ashkenazi
- c Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Siddharth Sukumaran
- h Pre-Clinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Henry Chiu
- b Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Rafael Cubas
- e Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jeong M Kim
- c Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Greg A Lazar
- a Departments of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
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154
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Ganesh K, Stadler ZK, Cercek A, Mendelsohn RB, Shia J, Segal NH, Diaz LA. Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: rationale, challenges and potential. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 16:361-375. [PMID: 30886395 PMCID: PMC7295073 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1003] [Impact Index Per Article: 200.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Following initial successes in melanoma treatment, immunotherapy has rapidly become established as a major treatment modality for multiple types of solid cancers, including a subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs). Two programmed cell death 1 (PD1)-blocking antibodies, pembrolizumab and nivolumab, have shown efficacy in patients with metastatic CRC that is mismatch-repair-deficient and microsatellite instability-high (dMMR-MSI-H), and have been granted accelerated FDA approval. In contrast to most other treatments for metastatic cancer, immunotherapy achieves long-term durable remission in a subset of patients, highlighting the tremendous promise of immunotherapy in treating dMMR-MSI-H metastatic CRC. Here, we review the clinical development of immune checkpoint inhibition in CRC leading to regulatory approvals for the treatment of dMMR-MSI-H CRC. We focus on new advances in expanding the efficacy of immunotherapy to early-stage CRC and CRC that is mismatch-repair-proficient and has low microsatellite instability (pMMR-MSI-L) and discuss emerging approaches for targeting the immune microenvironment, which might complement immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Ganesh
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robin B Mendelsohn
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil H Segal
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
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155
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TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK in kidney disease: biomarkers or therapeutic targets? Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1145-1166. [PMID: 31097613 PMCID: PMC6526163 DOI: 10.1042/cs20181116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ligands and receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily regulate immune responses and homeostatic functions with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Kidney disease represents a global public health problem, whose prevalence is rising worldwide, due to the aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and immune disorders. In addition, chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, which further increases kidney-related morbidity and mortality. Recently, it has been shown that some TNF superfamily members are actively implicated in renal pathophysiology. These members include TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), and TNF-like weaker inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). All of them have shown the ability to activate crucial pathways involved in kidney disease development and progression (e.g. canonical and non-canonical pathways of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B), as well as the ability to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis with double-edged effects depending on the type and stage of kidney injury. Here we will review the actions of TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK on diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease, in order to provide insights into their full clinical potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic options against kidney disease.
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156
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Zhang L, Du T, Ma D, Guo F, Li Z, Yan H. Retracted: Combined therapy using LHRH-PE40 and anti-CD40 dendritic cells substantially eliminate tumor cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8093-8100. [PMID: 30485508 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
LHRH-PE40 was used to promote the proliferation of bone marrow derived cell (BMDC) and improve the antigen-presenting ability of BMDC as well as the immune function via the CD40 signal pathway. LHRH-PE40 was also implicated in cancer treatment, targeting a variety of cancer cells that express luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRHR). In the present study, the mechanism and efficacy of LHRH-PE40 were addressed in the following three aspects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to confirm the binding specificity of LHRH-PE40 to LHRHR. The killing effect of LHRH-PE40 on target cells was mediated by LHRHR, which specifically killed LHRHR-positive target cells while the minimal cytotoxicity of LHRHR-negative cells is negligible. Spiegelmers, a molecule mutually exclusive with GnRH and developed by Sven Klussmann and Dr Sven Klussmann of NOXXON Pharmaceuticals in Germany, demonstrated that LHRH-PE40 maintains a combinatory characteristics of LHRH and LHRHR. In the end, the mechanism of LHRH-PE40 underlying induction of apoptosis at low concentration and prolonged conditions was firstly demonstrated by the basic method of detecting apoptosis to induce apoptosis. It provided a scientific basis for clinical application of LHRH-PE40 and laid a foundation for the further study of LHRH-PE40 on inducing apoptosis of target cells. The target cells herein refer to tumor cells that overexpress LHRHR. This study shows that activated DC can more effectively promote the proliferation of CD4+ T cells, and initially proved that DC carrying anti-CD40 antibody promoted the immune treatment of the tumor. Combining LHRH-PE40 with anti-CD40 DCs achieved substantially improved efficacy in killing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | | | - DongBin Ma
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - ZhenWei Li
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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157
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Niewczas MA, Pavkov ME, Skupien J, Smiles A, Md Dom ZI, Wilson JM, Park J, Nair V, Schlafly A, Saulnier PJ, Satake E, Simeone CA, Shah H, Qiu C, Looker HC, Fiorina P, Ware CF, Sun JK, Doria A, Kretzler M, Susztak K, Duffin KL, Nelson RG, Krolewski AS. A signature of circulating inflammatory proteins and development of end-stage renal disease in diabetes. Nat Med 2019; 25:805-813. [PMID: 31011203 PMCID: PMC6508971 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is postulated to be involved in development of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetes, but which specific circulating inflammatory proteins contribute to this risk remains unknown. To study this we examined 194 circulating inflammatory proteins in subjects from three independent cohorts with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. In each cohort we identified an extremely robust Kidney Risk Inflammatory Signature (KRIS) consisting of 17 novel proteins enriched for TNF Receptor Superfamily members that was associated with a 10-year risk of ESRD. All these proteins had a systemic, non-kidney source. Our prospective study findings provide strong evidence that KRIS proteins contribute to the inflammatory process underlying ESRD development in both types of diabetes. These proteins may be used as new therapeutic targets, new prognostic tests for high risk of ESRD and as surrogate outcome measures where changes in KRIS levels during intervention can reflect the tested therapy’s effectiveness. Proteomic profiling of circulating proteins in subjects from three independent cohorts with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, identified an extremely robust inflammatory signature, consisting of 17 proteins enriched for TNF Receptor Superfamily members that was associated with a 10-year risk of end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Niewczas
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Meda E Pavkov
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jan Skupien
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Smiles
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zaipul I Md Dom
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Wilson
- Diabetes and Complications Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Viji Nair
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine and Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Pierre-Jean Saulnier
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,CHU Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Eiichiro Satake
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hetal Shah
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi Pediatric Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carl F Ware
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer K Sun
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine and Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin L Duffin
- Diabetes and Complications Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Andrzej S Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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158
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Xiao ZX, Olsen N, Zheng SG. The essential role of costimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2019; 28:575-582. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319829818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease with immune system disorder mediated through complex autoimmune pathways that involve immune cells, nonimmune cells, cytokines, chemokines, as well as costimulatory molecules. Costimulatory signals play a critical role in initiating, maintaining and regulating immune reactions, and these include ligands and receptors and their interactions involving multiple types of signal information. Dysfunction of costimulatory factors results in complicated abnormal immune responses, with biological effects and eventually, clinical autoimmune diseases. Here we outline what is known about various roles that costimulatory families including the B7 family and tumor necrosis factor super family play in SLE. The aim of this review is to understand the possible association of costimulation with autoimmune diseases, especially SLE, and to explore possible therapeutic target(s) of costimulatory molecules and pathways that might be used to develop therapeutic approaches for patients with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Xiao
- Department of Clinical Immunology at Sun Yat-sen University Third Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - N Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - S G Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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159
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Putlyaeva LV, Demin DE, Korneev KV, Kasyanov AS, Tatosyan KA, Kulakovskiy IV, Kuprash DV, Schwartz AM. Potential Markers of Autoimmune Diseases, Alleles rs115662534(T) and rs548231435(C), Disrupt the Binding of Transcription Factors STAT1 and EBF1 to the Regulatory Elements of Human CD40 Gene. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 83:1534-1542. [PMID: 30878028 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918120118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CD40 receptor is expressed on B lymphocytes and other professional antigen-presenting cells. The binding of CD40 to its ligand CD154 on the surface of T helper cells plays an important role in the activation of B lymphocytes required for production of antibodies, in particular, against autoantigens. Association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the non-coding areas of human CD40 locus with the elevated risk of autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated. The most studied of these SNPs is rs4810485 located in the first intron of the CD40 gene. Expression of the CD40 gene in B lymphocytes of donors homozygous for the common allelic variant of this polymorphism (G) is higher than in B cells from donors carrying the minor (T) variant. We investigated the enhancer activity of this fragment of the CD40 locus in human B cell lines and showed that it is independent on the rs4810485 alleles. However, the minor allelic variants of the rs4810485-linked SNPs rs548231435 and rs115662534 were associated with a significant decrease in the activity of the CD40 promoter due to the impairments in the binding of EBF1 and STAT1 transcription factors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Putlyaeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - D E Demin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - K V Korneev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A S Kasyanov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - K A Tatosyan
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - I V Kulakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia.,Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - D V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A M Schwartz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
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160
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Zhao Y, Li Y, Qu R, Chen X, Wang W, Qiu C, Liu B, Pan X, Liu L, Vasilev K, Hayball J, Dong S, Li W. Cortistatin binds to TNF-α receptors and protects against osteoarthritis. EBioMedicine 2019; 41:556-570. [PMID: 30826358 PMCID: PMC6443028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) is known to play a critical role in OA. Cortistatin (CST) is a neuropeptide discovered over 20 years ago, which plays a vital role in inflammatory reactions. However, it is unknown whether CST is involved in cartilage degeneration and OA development. Methods The interaction between CST and TNF-α receptors was investigated through Coimmunoprecipitation and Biotin-based solid-phase binding assay. Western blot, Real-time PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence staining, nitrite production assay and DMMB assay of GAG were performed for the primary chondrocyte experiments. Surgically induced and spontaneous OA models were established and western blot, flow cytometry, Real-time PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in vivo imaging were performed for in vivo experiments. Findings CST competitively bound to TNFR1 as well as TNFR2. CST suppressed proinflammatory function of TNF-α. Both spontaneous and surgically induced OA models indicated that deficiency of CST led to an accelerated OA-like phenotype, while exogenous CST attenuated OA development in vivo. Additionally, TNFR1- and TNFR2-knockout mice were used for analysis and indicated that TNFRs might be involved in the protective role of CST in OA. CST inhibited activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in OA. Interpretation This study provides new insight into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy of cartilage degenerative diseases, including OA. Fund The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, Key Research and Development Projects of Shandong Province and the Cross-disciplinary Fund of Shandong University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ruize Qu
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012. PR China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012. PR China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012. PR China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012. PR China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Liang Liu
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute and Sansom Institute for Health Research and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - John Hayball
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute and Sansom Institute for Health Research and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shuli Dong
- College of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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161
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Karnell JL, Rieder SA, Ettinger R, Kolbeck R. Targeting the CD40-CD40L pathway in autoimmune diseases: Humoral immunity and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 141:92-103. [PMID: 30552917 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CD40 is a TNF receptor superfamily member expressed on both immune and non-immune cells. Interactions between B cell-expressed CD40 and its binding partner, CD40L, predominantly expressed on activated CD4+ T cells, play a critical role in promoting germinal center formation and the production of class-switched antibodies. Non-hematopoietic cells expressing CD40 can also engage CD40L and trigger a pro-inflammatory response. This article will highlight what is known about the biology of the CD40-CD40L axis in humans and describe the potential contribution of CD40 signaling on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Additionally, novel therapeutic approaches to target this pathway, currently being evaluated in clinical trials, are discussed.
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162
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Liu X, Tian W, Wang G, Xu Q, Zhou M, Gao S, Qiu D, Jiang X, Sun C, Ding R, Lin T, Chen H. Stigmastane-type steroids with unique conjugated Δ 7,9(11) diene and highly oxygenated side chains from the twigs of Vernonia amygdalina. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 158:67-76. [PMID: 30476898 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Veramyosides A-J, eleven undescribed stigmastane-type steroids, including one aglycone and ten glycosides, along with three known homologues were isolated from the twigs of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (compositae). All compounds featured a stigmastane-type steroid skeleton with a unique conjugated Δ7,9(11) diene segment and highly oxygenated side chains with a γ-lactone or an α, β-unsaturated five-membered lactone ring. The structures of veramyosides A-J and their absolute configurations were unambiguously elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, extensive NMR spectroscopy, in situ dimolybdenum CD methods, modified Mosher's method, quantum chemical calculation of their ECD curves, and CD comparison methods on basis of their biogenetic pathway. In addition, all isolates were investigated for their effects on RXRα transcription, and their effects on the NF-κB signaling pathway were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhong Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Qiannan Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Daren Qiu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Cuiling Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Rong Ding
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Ting Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
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163
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Curran MA, Glisson BS. New Hope for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Modulation. Annu Rev Med 2019; 70:409-424. [PMID: 30379596 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050217-121900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The driver and passenger mutations accumulated in the process of malignant transformation offer an adequate spectrum of immune visible alterations to the cellular proteome and resulting peptidome to render these cancers targetable-and, in theory, rejectable-by the host T cell immune response. In addition, cancers often overexpress tissue-specific and developmental antigens to which immune tolerance is incomplete. Sometimes, virally transferred oncogenes drive malignant transformation and remain expressed throughout the cancer. Despite this state of antigenic sufficiency, cancer grows progressively and overcomes all efforts of the host immune system to contain it. While therapeutic cancer vaccination can mobilize high frequencies of tumor-specific T cells, these responses remain subject to intratumoral attenuation. Antibody modulation of T cell function through checkpoint blockade or costimulatory activation can restore survival, proliferation, and effector function to these tumor-infiltrating T cells and convert otherwise subtherapeutic vaccines into potentially curative cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Curran
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA; .,University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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164
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Development of an inflammatory tissue-selective chimeric TNF receptor. Cytokine 2019; 113:340-346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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165
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Dostert C, Grusdat M, Letellier E, Brenner D. The TNF Family of Ligands and Receptors: Communication Modules in the Immune System and Beyond. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:115-160. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00045.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamilies (TNFSF/TNFRSF) include 19 ligands and 29 receptors that play important roles in the modulation of cellular functions. The communication pathways mediated by TNFSF/TNFRSF are essential for numerous developmental, homeostatic, and stimulus-responsive processes in vivo. TNFSF/TNFRSF members regulate cellular differentiation, survival, and programmed death, but their most critical functions pertain to the immune system. Both innate and adaptive immune cells are controlled by TNFSF/TNFRSF members in a manner that is crucial for the coordination of various mechanisms driving either co-stimulation or co-inhibition of the immune response. Dysregulation of these same signaling pathways has been implicated in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, highlighting the importance of their tight regulation. Investigation of the control of TNFSF/TNFRSF activities has led to the development of therapeutics with the potential to reduce chronic inflammation or promote anti-tumor immunity. The study of TNFSF/TNFRSF proteins has exploded over the last 30 yr, but there remains a need to better understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying the molecular pathways they mediate to design more effective anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dostert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Life Sciences Research Unit, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Melanie Grusdat
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Life Sciences Research Unit, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Life Sciences Research Unit, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Life Sciences Research Unit, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
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166
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Abstract
Costimulatory signals initiated by the interaction between the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand and cognate TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamilies promote clonal expansion, differentiation, and survival of antigen-primed CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and have a pivotal role in T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity and diseases. Accumulating evidence in recent years indicates that costimulatory signals via the subset of the TNFR superfamily molecules, OX40 (TNFRSF4), 4-1BB (TNFRSF9), CD27, DR3 (TNFRSF25), CD30 (TNFRSF8), GITR (TNFRSF18), TNFR2 (TNFRSF1B), and HVEM (TNFRSF14), which are constitutive or inducible on T cells, play important roles in protective immunity, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and tumor immunotherapy. In this chapter, we will summarize the findings of recent studies on these TNFR family of co-signaling molecules regarding their function at various stages of the T-cell response in the context of infection, inflammation, and cancer. We will also discuss how these TNFR co-signals are critical for immune regulation and have therapeutic potential for the treatment of T-cell-mediated diseases.
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167
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Abstract
Somatic mutations in cancer cells may influence tumor growth, survival, or immune interactions in their microenvironment. The tumor necrosis factor receptor family member HVEM (TNFRSF14) is frequently mutated in cancers and has been attributed a tumor suppressive role in some cancer contexts. HVEM functions both as a ligand for the lymphocyte checkpoint proteins BTLA and CD160, and as a receptor that activates NF-κB signaling pathways in response to BTLA and CD160 and the TNF ligands LIGHT and LTα. BTLA functions to inhibit lymphocyte activation, but has also been ascribed a role in stimulating cell survival. CD160 functions to co-stimulate lymphocyte function, but has also been shown to activate inhibitory signaling in CD4+ T cells. Thus, the role of HVEM within diverse cancers and in regulating the immune responses to these tumors is likely context specific. Additionally, development of therapeutics that target proteins within this network of interacting proteins will require a deeper understanding of how these proteins function in a cancer-specific manner. However, the prominent role of the HVEM network in anti-cancer immune responses indicates a promising area for drug development.
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168
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Knorr DA, Dahan R, Ravetch JV. Toxicity of an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 antibody is abrogated by intratumoral injection and results in durable antitumor immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:11048-11053. [PMID: 30297432 PMCID: PMC6205479 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1810566115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune stimulation has emerged as a promising approach to the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Currently approved therapeutics, such as anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1, are primarily aimed at blocking inhibitory signaling by immune cells. An alternative and potentially synergistic approach would involve activation of immune pathways by agonism of stimulatory receptors, such as CD40. Agonistic antibodies, while promising in principle, have encountered significant barriers in clinical trials limited by the systemic toxicity of such approaches. Using a mouse model humanized for both Fc receptors and CD40, we previously demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity with an Fc-modified antibody. We now demonstrate that this model recapitulates the platelet and hepatic toxicities seen with anti-CD40 antibodies in patients, providing a predictive measure of the dose-limiting activity of this approach. We further show that such toxicity can be circumvented and durable systemic antitumor immunity achieved by intratumoral delivery of an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 agonistic antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Knorr
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Rony Dahan
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jeffrey V Ravetch
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
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169
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de Brito BB, da Silva FAF, de Melo FF. Role of polymorphisms in genes that encode cytokines and Helicobacter pylori virulence factors in gastric carcinogenesis. World J Clin Oncol 2018; 9:83-89. [PMID: 30254963 PMCID: PMC6153128 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v9.i5.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a determinant factor in gastric cancer (GC) development. However, the infection outcomes are variable and depend on both host and bacterial characteristics. Some host cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α play important roles in the host immune system response to the pathogen, in the development of gastric mucosal lesions and in cell malignant transformation. Therefore, these host factors are crucial in neoplastic processes. Certain polymorphisms in genes that encode these cytokines have been associated with an increased risk of GC. On the other hand, various virulence factors found in distinct H. pylori bacterial strains, including cytotoxin-associated antigen A, vacuolating cytotoxin, duodenal ulcer promoting gene A protein, outer inflammatory protein and blood group antigen binding adhesin, have been associated with the pathogenesis of different gastric diseases. The virulent factors mentioned above allow the successful infection by the bacterium and play crucial roles in gastric mucosa lesions, including malignant transformation. Moreover, the role of host polymorphisms and bacterial virulence factors in gastric carcinogenesis seems to vary among different countries and populations. The identification of host and bacterium factors that are associated with an increased risk of GC development may be useful in determining the prognosis of infection in patients, what could help in clinical decision-making and in providing of an optimized clinical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Bittencourt de Brito
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Brazil
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170
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Sabharwal SS, Rosen DB, Grein J, Tedesco D, Joyce-Shaikh B, Ueda R, Semana M, Bauer M, Bang K, Stevenson C, Cua DJ, Zúñiga LA. GITR Agonism Enhances Cellular Metabolism to Support CD8+ T-cell Proliferation and Effector Cytokine Production in a Mouse Tumor Model. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:1199-1211. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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171
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Williams A, Wang ECY, Thurner L, Liu CJ. Review: Novel Insights Into Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor, Death Receptor 3, and Progranulin Pathways in Arthritis and Bone Remodeling. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 68:2845-2856. [PMID: 27428882 PMCID: PMC5599977 DOI: 10.1002/art.39816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenz Thurner
- Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
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172
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Fellermeier-Kopf S, Gieseke F, Sahin U, Müller D, Pfizenmaier K, Kontermann RE. Duokines: a novel class of dual-acting co-stimulatory molecules acting in cis or trans. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1471442. [PMID: 30228940 PMCID: PMC6140609 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1471442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-stimulatory signals induced by ligands of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) play a central role in T cell activation and have emerged as a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we established a novel class of bifunctional co-stimulatory fusion proteins with the aim to boost T cell activation at the level of T cell – antigen-presenting cell (APC) interaction. These novel dual-acting cytokine fusion proteins were created by connecting two different homotrimeric TNFSF ligands to form homotrimeric bifunctional molecules (Duokines) or by connecting single-chain derivatives of two different homotrimeric TNFSF with a single, flexible linker (single-chain Duokines, scDuokines). By linking the TNFSF ligands 4-1BBL, OX40L and CD27L in all possible combinations, cis-acting Duokines were generated that act on the same or adjacent T cells, while combining CD40L with 4-1BBL, OX40L and CD27L resulted in trans-acting Duokines acting simultaneously on APCs and T cells. In vitro, co-stimulation of T cells was seen for cis- and trans-acting Duokines and scDuokines in an antigen-independent as well as antigen-specific setting. Trans-acting molecules furthermore activated B cells, which represent a subclass of APCs. In a pilot experiment using the syngeneic B16-FAP mouse tumor model scDuokines displayed antitumoral activity in vivo in combination with a primary T cell-activating bispecific antibody, evident from reduced number of lung metastasis compared to the antibody-only treated group. Our data show that the bifunctional, co-stimulatory duokines are capable to enhance T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses, suggesting that they can serve as a new class of immuno-stimulatory molecules for use in cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Fellermeier-Kopf
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ugur Sahin
- BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dafne Müller
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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173
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Puar YR, Shanmugam MK, Fan L, Arfuso F, Sethi G, Tergaonkar V. Evidence for the Involvement of the Master Transcription Factor NF-κB in Cancer Initiation and Progression. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6030082. [PMID: 30060453 PMCID: PMC6163404 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is responsible for the regulation of a large number of genes that are involved in important physiological processes, including survival, inflammation, and immune responses. At the same time, this transcription factor can control the expression of a plethora of genes that promote tumor cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, inflammation, invasion, and angiogenesis. The aberrant activation of this transcription factor has been observed in several types of cancer and is known to contribute to aggressive tumor growth and resistance to therapeutic treatment. Although NF-κB has been identified to be a major contributor to cancer initiation and development, there is evidence revealing its role in tumor suppression. This review briefly highlights the major mechanisms of NF-κB activation, the role of NF-κB in tumor promotion and suppression, as well as a few important pharmacological strategies that have been developed to modulate NF-κB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Rou Puar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Lu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
- Centre for Cancer Biology (University of South Australia and SA Pathology), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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174
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Distinct Changes of BTLA and HVEM Expressions in Circulating CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4561571. [PMID: 30116751 PMCID: PMC6079568 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4561571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BTLA/HVEM (B and T lymphocyte attenuator/herpes virus entry mediator) pathways play a critical role in T cell suppression in tumor. However, its dynamic changes in different T cell subsets in peripheral blood and their clinical significance are largely unclear in cancer patients. In the current study, we showed distinct changes of BTLA and HVEM expressions on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); BTLA expression were significantly upregulated on circulating CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells. In sharp contrast, the levels of HVEM expression were significantly downregulated on circulating CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells. A strong positive correlation between BTLA expression on circulating CD4+ T cells and BTLA expression on autologous CD8+ counterparts was observed in healthy donors but absent in HCC patients. More importantly, we found that blockade of the BTLA/HVEM pathway increased IFN-γ production in both circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Collectively, our data suggested that the BTLA/HVEM pathway contributes to peripheral T cell suppression in HCC patients, and BTLA/HVEM may serve as attractive targets for HCC immunotherapy.
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175
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Claus M, Herro R, Wolf D, Buscher K, Rudloff S, Huynh-Do U, Burkly L, Croft M, Sidler D. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway is required for calcineurin inhibitor toxicity of the kidneys. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:1636-1645. [PMID: 29266762 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (CNT) is a frequent occurrence in transplanted renal grafts and autochthone kidneys from patients undergoing long-term treatment with calcineurin inhibitors, notably cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus. Here, we show an indispensable role of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFS) molecule TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) (TNFSF12) in the pathogenesis of acute CNT lesions in mice. A deficiency in TWEAK resulted in limited tubulotoxicity after CsA exposure, which correlated with diminished expression of inflammatory cytokines and reduced intraparenchymal infiltration with immune cells. We further identified tubular epithelial cells of the kidney as major targets of CsA activity and found that Fn14 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 12A), the receptor for TWEAK, is a highly CsA-inducible gene in these cells. Correlating with this, CsA pretreatment sensitized tubular epithelial cells specifically to the pro-inflammatory activities of recombinant TWEAK in vitro. Moreover, injection of rTWEAK alone into mice induced moderate disease similar to CsA, and rTWEAK combined with CsA resulted in synergistic nephrotoxicity. These findings support the importance of tubular epithelial cells as cellular targets of CsA toxicity and introduce TWEAK as a critical contributor to CNT pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Claus
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana Herro
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Konrad Buscher
- Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Rudloff
- Department for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Uyen Huynh-Do
- Department for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Linda Burkly
- Department of Immunology, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Sidler
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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176
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Li CZ, Jiang XJ, Lin B, Hong HJ, Zhu SY, Jiang L, Wang XQ, Tang NH, She FF, Chen YL. RIP1 regulates TNF-α-mediated lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in gallbladder cancer by modulating the NF-κB-VEGF-C pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:2875-2890. [PMID: 29844685 PMCID: PMC5962258 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s159026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) enhances lymphangiogenesis in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) via activation of nuclear factor (NF-κB)-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) is a multifunctional protein in the TNF-α signaling pathway and is highly expressed in GBC. However, whether RIP1 participates in the signaling pathway of TNF-α-mediated VEGF-C expression that enhances lymphangiogenesis in GBC remains unclear. Methods The RIP1 protein levels in the GBC-SD and NOZ cells upon stimulation with increasing concentrations of TNF-α as indicated was examined using Western blot. Lentiviral RIP1 shRNA and siIκBα were constructed and transduced respectively them into NOZ and GBC-SD cells, and then PcDNA3.1-RIP1 vectors was transduced into siRIP1 cell lines to reverse RIP1 expression. The protein expression of RIP1, inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα), p-IκBα, TAK1, NF-κB essential modulator were examined through immunoblotting or immunoprecipitation. Moreover, VEGF-C mRNA levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, VEGF-C protein levels were measured by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and VEGF-C promoter and NF-κB activities were quantified using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The association of NF-κB with the VEGF-C promoter was analysed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. A three-dimensional coculture method and orthotopic transplantation nude mice model were used to evaluate lymphatic tube-forming and metastasis ability in GBC cells. The expression of RIP1 protein, TNF-α protein and lymphatic vessels in human GBC tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the dependence between RIP1 protein with TNF-α protein and lymphatic vessel density was analysed. Results TNF-α dose- and time-dependently increased RIP1 protein expression in the GBC-SD and NOZ cells of GBC, and the strongest effect was observed with a concentration of 50 ng/ml. RIP1 is fundamental for TNF-α-mediated NF-κB activation in GBC cells and can regulate TNF-α-mediated VEGF-C expression at the protein and transcriptional levels through the NF-κB pathway. RIP1 can regulate TNF-α-mediated lymphatic tube formation and metastasis in GBC cells both in vitro and vivo. The average optical density of RIP1 was linearly related to that of TNF-α protein and the lymphatic vessel density in GBC tissues. Conclusion We conclude that RIP1 regulates TNF-α-mediated lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in GBC by modulating the NF-κB-VEGF-C pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jie Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan-Hong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Fei She
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Key Laboratory of Tumour Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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177
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Bojadzic D, Chen J, Alcazar O, Buchwald P. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Immunomodulatory Small Molecules Targeting the CD40⁻CD154 Costimulatory Protein-Protein Interaction. Molecules 2018; 23:E1153. [PMID: 29751636 PMCID: PMC5978685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and testing of novel small-molecule compounds targeting the CD40⁻CD154 (CD40L) costimulatory interaction for immunomodulatory purposes. This protein-protein interaction (PPI) is a TNF-superfamily (TNFSF) costimulatory interaction that is an important therapeutic target since it plays crucial roles in the activation of T cell responses, and there is resurgent interest in its modulation with several biologics in development. However, this interaction, just as all other PPIs, is difficult to target by small molecules. Following up on our previous work, we have now identified novel compounds such as DRI-C21091 or DRI-C21095 that show activity (IC50) in the high nanomolar to low micromolar range in the binding inhibition assay and more than thirty-fold selectivity versus other TNFSF PPIs including OX40⁻OX40L, BAFFR-BAFF, and TNF-R1-TNFα. Protein thermal shift (differential scanning fluorimetry) assays indicate CD154 and not CD40 as the binding partner. Activity has also been confirmed in cell assays and in a mouse model (alloantigen-induced T cell expansion in a draining lymph node). Our results expand the chemical space of identified small-molecule CD40⁻CD154 costimulatory inhibitors and provide lead structures that have the potential to be developed as orally bioavailable immunomodulatory therapeutics that are safer and less immunogenic than corresponding biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Bojadzic
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Jinshui Chen
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Oscar Alcazar
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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178
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Kim KH, Choi H, Kim HJ, Lee TR. TNFSF14 inhibits melanogenesis via NF-kB signaling in melanocytes. Cytokine 2018; 110:126-130. [PMID: 29730385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanin synthesis in melanocytes is affected by various cytokines. Here, we reported for the first time that tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14) inhibits melanogenesis in the primary culture of human epidermal melanocytes. TNFSF14 is known to bind to its receptors herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) for signal transduction, but TNFSF14-induced hypopigmentation was independent of HVEM and LTβR in melanocytes. To explore signaling in melanocytes treated with TNFSF14, we performed RNA-seq and found that nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling is activated by TNFSF14. Further, we observed that inhibition of NF-kB effectively blocks the hypopigmentation induced by TNFSF14. We conclude that TNFSF14 inhibits melanogenesis in melanocytes via NF-κB signaling and could be applied in the treatment of cutaneous pigment disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Han Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-729, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunjung Choi
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ryong Lee
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-729, Republic of Korea.
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179
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Principe S, Mejia-Guerrero S, Ignatchenko V, Sinha A, Ignatchenko A, Shi W, Pereira K, Su S, Huang SH, O'Sullivan B, Xu W, Goldstein DP, Weinreb I, Ailles L, Liu FF, Kislinger T. Proteomic Analysis of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Reveals a Paracrine Role for MFAP5 in Human Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2045-2059. [PMID: 29681158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between cells and their microenvironment is crucial for both normal tissue homeostasis and tumor growth. During the development of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) create a supporting niche by maintaining a bidirectional crosstalk with cancer cells, mediated by classically secreted factors and various nanometer-sized vesicles, termed as extracellular vesicles (EVs). To better understand the role of CAFs within the tumor stroma and elucidate the mechanism by which secreted proteins contribute to OTSCC progression, we isolated and characterized patient-derived CAFs from resected tumors with matched adjacent tissue fibroblasts (AFs). Our strategy employed shotgun proteomics to comprehensively characterize the proteomes of these matched fibroblast populations. Our goals were to identify CAF-secreted factors (EVs and soluble) that can functionally modulate OTSCC cells in vitro and to identify novel CAF-associated biomarkers. Comprehensive proteomic analysis identified 4247 proteins, the most detailed description of a pro-tumorigenic stroma to date. We demonstrated functional effects of CAF secretomes (EVs and conditioned media) on OTSCC cell growth and migration. Comparative proteomics identified novel proteins associated with a CAF-like state. Specifically, MFAP5, a protein component of extracellular microfibrils, was enriched in CAF secretomes. Using in vitro assays, we demonstrated that MFAP5 activated OTSCC cell growth and migration via activation of MAPK and AKT pathways. Using a tissue microarray of richly annotated primary human OTSCCs, we demonstrated an association of MFAP5 expression with patient survival. In summary, our proteomics data of patient-derived stromal fibroblasts provide a useful resource for future mechanistic and biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Principe
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Salvador Mejia-Guerrero
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Vladimir Ignatchenko
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Ankit Sinha
- Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Alexandr Ignatchenko
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Willa Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5T 1P5 , Canada
| | - Keira Pereira
- Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Susie Su
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Biostatistics , Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5T 1P5 , Canada
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5T 1P5 , Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Biostatistics , Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Ilan Weinreb
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Pathology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5T 1P5 , Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5G 1L7 , Canada
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180
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Rohde F, Schusser B, Hron T, Farkašová H, Plachý J, Härtle S, Hejnar J, Elleder D, Kaspers B. Characterization of Chicken Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, a Long Missed Cytokine in Birds. Front Immunol 2018; 9:605. [PMID: 29719531 PMCID: PMC5913325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic cytokine playing critical roles in host defense and acute and chronic inflammation. It has been described in fish, amphibians, and mammals but was considered to be absent in the avian genomes. Here, we report on the identification and functional characterization of the avian ortholog. The chicken TNF-α (chTNF-α) is encoded by a highly GC-rich gene, whose product shares with its mammalian counterpart 45% homology in the extracellular part displaying the characteristic TNF homology domain. Orthologs of chTNF-α were identified in the genomes of 12 additional avian species including Palaeognathae and Neognathae, and the synteny of the closely adjacent loci with mammalian TNF-α orthologs was demonstrated in the crow (Corvus cornix) genome. In addition to chTNF-α, we obtained full sequences for homologs of TNF-α receptors 1 and 2 (TNFR1, TNFR2). chTNF-α mRNA is strongly induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of monocyte derived, splenic and bone marrow macrophages, and significantly upregulated in splenic tissue in response to i.v. LPS treatment. Activation of T-lymphocytes by TCR crosslinking induces chTNF-α expression in CD4+ but not in CD8+ cells. To gain insights into its biological activity, we generated recombinant chTNF-α in eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression systems. Both, the full-length cytokine and the extracellular domain rapidly induced an NFκB-luciferase reporter in stably transfected CEC-32 reporter cells. Collectively, these data provide strong evidence for the existence of a fully functional TNF-α/TNF-α receptor system in birds thus filling a gap in our understanding of the evolution of cytokine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Rohde
- Department of Veterinary Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schusser
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomáš Hron
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Farkašová
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Plachý
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sonja Härtle
- Department of Veterinary Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Jiří Hejnar
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniel Elleder
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Bernd Kaspers
- Department of Veterinary Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
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181
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Yu X, Chan HTC, Orr CM, Dadas O, Booth SG, Dahal LN, Penfold CA, O'Brien L, Mockridge CI, French RR, Duriez P, Douglas LR, Pearson AR, Cragg MS, Tews I, Glennie MJ, White AL. Complex Interplay between Epitope Specificity and Isotype Dictates the Biological Activity of Anti-human CD40 Antibodies. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:664-675.e4. [PMID: 29576376 PMCID: PMC5896247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that promote or inhibit receptor function hold promise as therapeutics for cancer and autoimmunity. Rules governing their diverse range of functions, however, are lacking. Here we determined characteristics of nine hCD40 mAbs engaging epitopes throughout the CD40 extracellular region expressed as varying isotypes. All mAb formats were strong agonists when hyper-crosslinked; however, only those binding the membrane-distal cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1) retained agonistic activity with physiological Fc gamma receptor crosslinking or as human immunoglobulin G2 isotype; agonistic activity decreased as epitopes drew closer to the membrane. In addition, all CRD2-4 binding mAbs blocked CD40 ligand interaction and were potent antagonists. Thus, the membrane distal CRD1 provides a region of choice for selecting CD40 agonists while CRD2-4 provides antagonistic epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yu
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - H T Claude Chan
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christian M Orr
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Osman Dadas
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Steven G Booth
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lekh N Dahal
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christine A Penfold
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lyn O'Brien
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - C Ian Mockridge
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ruth R French
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Patrick Duriez
- Protein Core Facility, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Leon R Douglas
- Protein Core Facility, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Arwen R Pearson
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging & Institute for Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ivo Tews
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Martin J Glennie
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ann L White
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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182
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Li X, Tang Y, Ma B, Wang Z, Jiang J, Hou S, Wang S, Zhang J, Deng M, Duan Z, Tang X, Chen AF, Jiang L. The peptide lycosin-I attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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183
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Zhou J, Wu HG, Shi Y. Roles of TNF-α/NF-κB/Snail pathway in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:441-448. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i7.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process of transformation of epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells, and it not only plays an important role in the developmental process, but also participates in tissue healing, organ fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. In recent years, it has been found that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a major inflammatory factor that can induce snail expression by binding to nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), thus mediating EMT. This article briefly introduces the roles of the TNF-α/NF-κB/Snail pathway in mediating EMT, aiming to promote a further understanding of the mechanism of TNF-α in regulating EMT.
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184
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Chaker AM. [Biologics in Rhinology - Forthcoming Personalized Concepts: the Future Starts Today]. Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97:S142-S184. [PMID: 29905356 PMCID: PMC6541111 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-123484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sinunasale Erkrankungen zählen mit zu den häufigsten chronischen Erkrankungen und führen zu einer erheblichen Störung der Lebensqualität, ein komorbides Asthma ist häufig. Trotz leitliniengerechter Therapie ist anzunehmen, dass mind. 20% der Patienten ihre Erkrankungssymptome nicht adäquat kontrollieren können. Neben den etablierten chirurgischen und konservativen Therapieoptionen finden sich nun vielversprechende Therapieansätze, die bspw. mittels therapeutischer Antikörper mechanistisch gezielt in die Pathophysiologie der Erkrankungen eingreifen können. Die Auswahl der geeigneten Patienten durch geeignete Biomarker und die richtige Therapie zum richtigen Stadium der Erkrankung anbieten zu können, ist das Ziel stratifizierter Medizin und eine wichtige Perspektive für die HNO.Chronic diseases of the nose and the paranasal sinuses are most common, frequently associated with bronchial asthma, and result in substantial reduction of quality of life. Despite optimal treatment according to guidelines, approx. 20 % of the patients will report inadequate control of symptoms. Apart from well established surgical and conservative approaches in therapy new therapeutic antibodies are available that aim specifically pathophysiological targets. The optimal allocation of effective therapy for patients using appropriate biomarkers at the most suitable timepoint is the hallmark of stratified medicine and an important perspective in ENT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Chaker
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Zentrum für Allergie und Umwelt, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München
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185
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Abstract
Juvenile Paget disease (JPD) is a rare disorder, mainly caused by mutations in the gene TNFRSF11B that encodes osteoprotegerin (OPG). Loss of OPG action causes generalized, extremely rapid bone turnover. The clinical manifestations are both skeletal - progressive skeletal deformity that develops in childhood - and extra-skeletal, including hearing loss, retinopathy, vascular calcification and internal carotid artery aneurysm formation. The severity of the phenotype seems to be related to the severity of TNFRSF11B gene deactivation. JPD is characterized biochemically by very high alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as other bone turnover markers. Bisphosphonates are commonly used to reduce the greatly accelerated bone turnover and can ameliorate the skeletal phenotype, if started early enough in childhood and continued at least until growth is complete. Limited evidence from patients treated with recombinant OPG or denosumab also provided favorable results. Recombinant OPG would represent a replacement treatment, but it is unavailable for clinical use. It seems that life-long treatment with anti-resorptives is required, since the disease is reactivated after treatment discontinuation. An international collaborating network for the continuous registration and follow-up of JPD patients could be helpful in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Tim Cundy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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186
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Bathke B, Pätzold J, Kassub R, Giessel R, Lämmermann K, Hinterberger M, Brinkmann K, Chaplin P, Suter M, Hochrein H, Lauterbach H. CD70 encoded by modified vaccinia virus Ankara enhances CD8 T-cell-dependent protective immunity in MHC class II-deficient mice. Immunology 2018; 154:285-297. [PMID: 29281850 PMCID: PMC5980220 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological outcome of infections and vaccinations is largely determined during the initial first days in which antigen-presenting cells instruct T cells to expand and differentiate into effector and memory cells. Besides the essential stimulation of the T-cell receptor complex a plethora of co-stimulatory signals not only ensures a proper T-cell activation but also instils phenotypic and functional characteristics in the T cells appropriate to fight off the invading pathogen. The tumour necrosis factor receptor/ligand pair CD27/CD70 gained a lot of attention because of its key role in regulating T-cell activation, survival, differentiation and maintenance, especially in the course of viral infections and cancer. We sought to investigate the role of CD70 co-stimulation for immune responses induced by the vaccine vector modified vaccinia virus Ankara-Bavarian Nordic® (MVA-BN® ). Short-term blockade of CD70 diminished systemic CD8 T-cell effector and memory responses in mice. The dependence on CD70 became even more apparent in the lungs of MHC class II-deficient mice. Importantly, genetically encoded CD70 in MVA-BN® not only increased CD8 T-cell responses in wild-type mice but also substituted for CD4 T-cell help. MHC class II-deficient mice that were immunized with recombinant MVA-CD70 were fully protected against a lethal virus infection, whereas MVA-BN® -immunized mice failed to control the virus. These data are in line with CD70 playing an important role for vaccine-induced CD8 T-cell responses and prove the potency of integrating co-stimulatory molecules into the MVA-BN® backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Suter
- Vetsuisse Fakultät, Dekanat, Bereich Immunologie, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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187
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Bitra A, Doukov T, Wang J, Picarda G, Benedict CA, Croft M, Zajonc DM. Crystal structure of murine 4-1BB and its interaction with 4-1BBL support a role for galectin-9 in 4-1BB signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:1317-1329. [PMID: 29242193 PMCID: PMC5787808 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
4-1BB (CD137) is a TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) member that is thought to undergo receptor trimerization upon binding to its trimeric TNF superfamily ligand (4-1BBL) to stimulate immune responses. 4-1BB also can bind to the tandem repeat-type lectin galectin-9 (Gal-9), and signaling through mouse (m)4-1BB is reduced in galectin-9 (Gal-9)-deficient mice, suggesting a pivotal role of Gal-9 in m4-1BB activation. Here, using sulfur-SAD phasing, we determined the crystal structure of m4-1BB to 2.2-Å resolution. We found that similar to other TNFRSFs, m4-1BB has four cysteine-rich domains (CRDs). However, the organization of CRD1 and the orientation of CRD3 and CRD4 with respect to CRD2 in the m4-1BB structure distinctly differed from those of other TNFRSFs. Moreover, we mapped two Asn residues within CRD4 that are N-linked glycosylated and mediate m4-1BB binding to Gal-9. Kinetics studies of m4-1BB disclosed a very tight nanomolar binding affinity to m4-1BBL with an unexpectedly strong avidity effect. Both N- and C-terminal domains of Gal-9 bound m4-1BB, but with lower affinity compared with m4-1BBL. Although the TNF homology domain (THD) of human (h)4-1BBL forms non-covalent trimers, we found that m4-1BBL formed a covalent dimer via 2 cysteines absent in h4-1BBL. As multimerization and clustering is a prerequisite for TNFR intracellular signaling, and as m4-1BBL can only recruit two m4-1BB monomers, we hypothesize that m4-1BBL and Gal-9 act together to aid aggregation of m4-1BB monomers to efficiently initiate m4-1BB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Bitra
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Tzanko Doukov
- the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Jing Wang
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Gaelle Picarda
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Chris A Benedict
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Michael Croft
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
- the Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, and
| | - Dirk M Zajonc
- From the Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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188
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Chen J, Sun J, Han W, Chen J, Wang W, Cheng G, Lin J, Ma N, Chen H, Ou L, Li W. Computer-aided design of short peptide ligands targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha for adsorbent applications. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:4368-4379. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00563j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A peptide ligand (T1: Ac-RKEM-NH2) designed by a computer-aided method can enhance TNF-α adsorption from the plasma of rats with sepsis to PVA.
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189
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Bojadzic D, Buchwald P. Toward Small-Molecule Inhibition of Protein-Protein Interactions: General Aspects and Recent Progress in Targeting Costimulatory and Coinhibitory (Immune Checkpoint) Interactions. Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 18:674-699. [PMID: 29848279 PMCID: PMC6067980 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180531092503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) that are part of the costimulatory and coinhibitory (immune checkpoint) signaling are critical for adequate T cell response and are important therapeutic targets for immunomodulation. Biologics targeting them have already achieved considerable clinical success in the treatment of autoimmune diseases or transplant recipients (e.g., abatacept, belatacept, and belimumab) as well as cancer (e.g., ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab). In view of such progress, there have been only relatively limited efforts toward developing small-molecule PPI inhibitors (SMPPIIs) targeting these cosignaling interactions, possibly because they, as all other PPIs, are difficult to target by small molecules and were not considered druggable. Nevertheless, substantial progress has been achieved during the last decade. SMPPIIs proving the feasibility of such approaches have been identified through various strategies for a number of cosignaling interactions including CD40-CD40L, OX40-OX40L, BAFFR-BAFF, CD80-CD28, and PD-1-PD-L1s. Here, after an overview of the general aspects and challenges of SMPPII-focused drug discovery, we review them briefly together with relevant structural, immune-signaling, physicochemical, and medicinal chemistry aspects. While so far only a few of these SMPPIIs have shown activity in animal models (DRI-C21045 for CD40-D40L, KR33426 for BAFFR-BAFF) or reached clinical development (RhuDex for CD80-CD28, CA-170 for PD-1-PD-L1), there is proof-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of such approaches in immunomodulation. They can result in products that are easier to develop/ manufacture and are less likely to be immunogenic or encounter postmarket safety events than corresponding biologics, and, contrary to them, can even become orally bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Bojadzic
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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190
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Rojas J, Bermudez V, Palmar J, Martínez MS, Olivar LC, Nava M, Tomey D, Rojas M, Salazar J, Garicano C, Velasco M. Pancreatic Beta Cell Death: Novel Potential Mechanisms in Diabetes Therapy. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:9601801. [PMID: 29670917 PMCID: PMC5836465 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9601801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Describing the diverse molecular mechanisms (particularly immunological) involved in the death of the pancreatic beta cell in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Beta cell death is the final event in a series of mechanisms that, up to date, have not been entirely clarified; it represents the pathophysiological mechanism in the natural history of diabetes mellitus. These mechanisms are not limited to an apoptotic process only, which is characteristic of the immune-mediated insulitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. They also include the action of proinflammatory cytokines, the production of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation (typical of necroptosis in type 1 diabetic patients), excessive production of islet amyloid polypeptide with the consequent endoplasmic reticulum stress, disruption in autophagy mechanisms, and protein complex formation, such as the inflammasome, capable of increasing oxidative stress produced by mitochondrial damage. SUMMARY Necroptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis are molecular mechanisms that modulate the survival of the pancreatic beta cell, demonstrating the importance of the immune system in glucolipotoxicity processes and the potential role for immunometabolism as another component of what once known as the "ominous octet."
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermudez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Grupo de Investigación Altos Estudios de Frontera (ALEF), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Jim Palmar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - María Sofía Martínez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Luis Carlos Olivar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Daniel Tomey
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Carlos Garicano
- Grupo de Investigación Altos Estudios de Frontera (ALEF), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit. School of Medicine José María Vargas, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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191
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Current Pharmacologic Approaches in Painful Bladder Research: An Update. Int Neurourol J 2017; 21:235-242. [PMID: 29298474 PMCID: PMC5756823 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1735022.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The symptoms of interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS) may have multiple causes and involve many contributing factors. Traditional treatments (intravesical instillations) have had a primary focus on the bladder as origin of symptoms without adequately considering the potential influence of other local (pelvic) or systemic factors. Systemic pharmacological treatments have had modest success. A contributing factor to the low efficacy is the lack of phenotyping the patients. Individualized treatment based on is desirable, but further phenotype categorization is needed. There seems to be general agreement that IC is a unique disease and that BPS is a syndrome with multiple pathophysiologies, but this has so far not been not been well reflected in preclinical research with the aim of finding new pharmacological treatments. Current research approaches, including anti-nerve growth factor treatment, anti-tumor necrosis factor-α treatment, activation of SHIP1 (AQX-1125), and P2X3 receptor antagonists, and α1-adrenoceptor antagonists are potential systemic treatments, implying that not only the bladder is exposed to the administered drug, which may be beneficial if the IC/BPS is a bladder manifestation of a systemic disease, or negative (adverse effects) if it is a local bladder condition. Local treatment approaches such as the antagonism of Toll-like receptors (which still is only experimental) and intravesical liposomes (with positive proof-of-concept), may have the advantages of a low number of systemic adverse effects, but cannot be expected to have effects on symptoms generated outside the bladder. Assessment of which of the treatment approaches discussed in this review that can be developed into useful therapies requires further studies.
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192
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Thorek DLJ, Watson PA, Lee SG, Ku AT, Bournazos S, Braun K, Kim K, Sjöström K, Doran MG, Lamminmäki U, Santos E, Veach D, Turkekul M, Casey E, Lewis JS, Abou DS, van Voss MRH, Scardino PT, Strand SE, Alpaugh ML, Scher HI, Lilja H, Larson SM, Ulmert D. Internalization of secreted antigen-targeted antibodies by the neonatal Fc receptor for precision imaging of the androgen receptor axis. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:367ra167. [PMID: 27903863 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the androgen receptor (AR) pathway prolongs survival in patients with prostate cancer, but resistance rapidly develops. Understanding this resistance is confounded by a lack of noninvasive means to assess AR activity in vivo. We report intracellular accumulation of a secreted antigen-targeted antibody (SATA) that can be used to characterize disease, guide therapy, and monitor response. AR-regulated human kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (free hK2) is a prostate tissue-specific antigen produced in prostate cancer and androgen-stimulated breast cancer cells. Fluorescent and radio conjugates of 11B6, an antibody targeting free hK2, are internalized and noninvasively report AR pathway activity in metastatic and genetically engineered models of cancer development and treatment. Uptake is mediated by a mechanism involving the neonatal Fc receptor. Humanized 11B6, which has undergone toxicological tests in nonhuman primates, has the potential to improve patient management in these cancers. Furthermore, cell-specific SATA uptake may have a broader use for molecularly guided diagnosis and therapy in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L J Thorek
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Philip A Watson
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sang-Gyu Lee
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anson T Ku
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stylianos Bournazos
- Leonard Wagner Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Katharina Braun
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University of Bochum, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Kwanghee Kim
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Michael G Doran
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elmer Santos
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Darren Veach
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mesruh Turkekul
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emily Casey
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Diane S Abou
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marise R H van Voss
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Peter T Scardino
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sven-Erik Strand
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mary L Alpaugh
- Departments of Biology and Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Howard I Scher
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hans Lilja
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Steven M Larson
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Ulmert
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Division of Urological Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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193
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Harada M, Morimoto K, Kondo T, Hiramatsu R, Okina Y, Muko R, Matsuda I, Kataoka T. Quinacrine Inhibits ICAM-1 Transcription by Blocking DNA Binding of the NF-κB Subunit p65 and Sensitizes Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells to TNF-α and the Fas Ligand. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122603. [PMID: 29207489 PMCID: PMC5751206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinacrine has been used for therapeutic drugs in some clinical settings. In the present study, we demonstrated that quinacrine decreased the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-1 (IL-1) α in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Quinacrine inhibited ICAM-1 mRNA expression and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-responsive luciferase reporter activity following a treatment with TNF-α and IL-1α. In the NF-κB signaling pathway, quinacrine did not markedly affect the TNF-α-induced degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB or the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunit, p65, at Ser-536 and its subsequent translocation to the nucleus. In contrast, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that quinacrine prevented the binding of p65 to the ICAM-1 promoter following TNF-α stimulation. Moreover, TNF-α and the Fas ligand effectively reduced the viability of A549 cells in the presence of quinacrine only. Quinacrine down-regulated the constitutive and TNF-α-induced expression of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 in A549 cells. These results revealed that quinacrine inhibits ICAM-1 transcription by blocking the DNA binding of p65 and sensitizes A549 cells to TNF-α and the Fas ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misuzu Harada
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Morimoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Kondo
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Reiko Hiramatsu
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuji Okina
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Ryo Muko
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Iyo Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
- The Center for Advanced Insect Research Promotion (CAIRP), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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194
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Xu D, Matsumoto ML, McKenzie BS, Zarrin AA. TPL2 kinase action and control of inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:188-193. [PMID: 29183769 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2, also known as COT or MAP3K8) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP3K) activated downstream of TNFαR, IL1R, TLR, CD40, IL17R, and some GPCRs. TPL2 regulates the MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 pathways to regulate a cascade of inflammatory responses. In parallel to this, TPL2 also activates p38α and p38δ to drive the production of various inflammatory mediators in neutrophils. We discuss the implications of this finding in the context of various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqi Xu
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Marissa L Matsumoto
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Brent S McKenzie
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Ali A Zarrin
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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195
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Chen J, Song Y, Bojadzic D, Tamayo-Garcia A, Landin AM, Blomberg BB, Buchwald P. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the CD40-CD40L Costimulatory Protein-Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8906-8922. [PMID: 29024591 PMCID: PMC5823691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Costimulatory interactions are required for T cell activation and development of an effective immune response; hence, they are valuable therapeutic targets for immunomodulation. However, they, as all other protein-protein interactions, are difficult to target by small molecules. Here, we report the identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of the CD40-CD40L interaction designed starting from the chemical space of organic dyes. For the most promising compounds such as DRI-C21045, activity (IC50) in the low micromolar range has been confirmed in cell assays including inhibition of CD40L-induced activation in NF-κB sensor cells, THP-1 myeloid cells, and primary human B cells as well as in murine allogeneic skin transplant and alloantigen-induced T cell expansion in draining lymph node experiments. Specificity versus other TNF-superfamily interactions (TNF-R1-TNF-α) and lack of cytotoxicity have also been confirmed at these concentrations. These novel compounds provide proof-of-principle evidence for the possibility of small-molecule inhibition of costimulatory protein-protein interactions, establish the structural requirements needed for efficient CD40-CD40L inhibition, and serve to guide the search for such immune therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshui Chen
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Yun Song
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Damir Bojadzic
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Alejandro Tamayo-Garcia
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Ana Marie Landin
- Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Bonnie B. Blomberg
- Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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196
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Valedkarimi Z, Nasiri H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Majidi J. Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins for improving efficacy and safety of cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:731-742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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197
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Yang JG, Sun YF, He KF, Ren JG, Liu ZJ, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhao YF. Lymphotoxins Promote the Progression of Human Lymphatic Malformation by Enhancing Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Proliferation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:2602-2615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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A versatile pretargeting approach for tumour-selective delivery and activation of TNF superfamily members. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13301. [PMID: 29038485 PMCID: PMC5643434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFR superfamily (TNFRSF) members have important immunoregulatory functions and are of clear interest for cancer immunotherapy. Various TNFRSF agonists have been clinically evaluated, but have met with limited efficacy and/or toxicity. Recent insights indicate that 'first-generation' TNFRSF agonists lack efficacy as they do not effectively cross-link their corresponding receptor. Reversely, ubiquitous TNFRSF receptor(s) cross-linking by CD40 and Fas agonistic antibodies resulted in dose-limiting liver toxicity. To overcome these issues, we developed a novel pretargeting strategy exploiting recombinant fusion proteins in which a soluble form of TRAIL, FasL or CD40L is genetically fused to a high-affinity anti-fluorescein scFv antibody fragment (scFvFITC). Fusion proteins scFvFITC:sTRAIL and scFvFITC:sFasL induced potent target antigen-restricted apoptosis in a panel of cancer lines and in primary patient-derived cancer cells, but only when pretargeted with a relevant FITC-labelled antitumour antibody. In a similar pretargeting setting, fusion protein scFvFITC:sCD40L promoted tumour-directed maturation of immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (iDCs). This novel tumour-selective pretargeting approach may be used to improve efficacy and/or reduce possible off-target toxicity of TNFSF ligands for cancer immunotherapy.
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199
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Madireddi S, Eun SY, Mehta AK, Birta A, Zajonc DM, Niki T, Hirashima M, Podack ER, Schreiber TH, Croft M. Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Suppression of Inflammation Induced by DR3 Signaling Is Dependent on Galectin-9. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:2721-2728. [PMID: 28877989 PMCID: PMC5659314 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of several TNF receptor family proteins has been shown to dampen inflammatory disease in murine models through augmenting the number and/or activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs). We recently found that one molecule, 4-1BB, used binding to Galectin-9 to exert its immunosuppressive effects and drive expansion of CD8+Foxp3- Tregs. We now show that ligation of another TNFR family molecule, DR3, which has previously been found to strongly expand CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs and suppress inflammation, also requires Galectin-9. We found that the extracellular region of DR3 directly binds to Galectin-9, and that Galectin-9 associates with DR3 in Tregs. From studies in vitro with Galectin-9-/- CD4+ T cells and Tregs, we found that stimulatory activity induced by ligating DR3 was in part dependent on Galectin-9. In vivo, in a model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, we show that an agonist of DR3 suppressed disease, correlating with expansion of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs, and this protective effect was lost in Galectin-9-/- mice. Similar results were seen in an allergic lung inflammation model. Thus, we demonstrate a novel function of Galectin-9 in facilitating activity of DR3 related to Treg-mediated suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Madireddi
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - So-Young Eun
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Amit K Mehta
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Aruna Birta
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Dirk M Zajonc
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
- GalPharma, Co., Ltd., Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-8071, Japan
| | - Mitsuomi Hirashima
- Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
- GalPharma, Co., Ltd., Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-8071, Japan
| | - Eckhard R Podack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; and
| | - Taylor H Schreiber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; and
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037;
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, LA Jolla, CA 92093
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200
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Schumacher FR, Delamarre L, Jhunjhunwala S, Modrusan Z, Phung QT, Elias JE, Lill JR. Building proteomic tool boxes to monitor MHC class I and class II peptides. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 27928884 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex Class I (MHCI) and Class II (MHCII) presented peptides powerfully modulate T cell immunity and play a vital role in generating effective anti-tumor and anti-viral immune responses in mammals. Characterizing these MHCI or MHCII presented peptides can help generate therapeutic treatments, afford information on T cell mediated biomarkers, provide insight into disease progression, and reduce adverse anti-drug side effects from engineered biotherapeutics. Here, we explore the tools and techniques commonly employed to discover both MHCI- and MHCII-presented peptides. We describe complementary strategies that enhance the characterization of these peptides and the informatics tools employed for both predicting and characterizing MHCI- and MHCII-presented epitopes. The evolution of methodologies for isolating MHC-presented peptides is discussed, as are the mass spectrometric workflows that can be employed for their characterization. We provide a perspective on where this field is headed, and how these tools may be applicable to the discovery and monitoring of epitopes in a variety of scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lélia Delamarre
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suchit Jhunjhunwala
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qui T Phung
- Department of Proteomics and Biological Resources, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua E Elias
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennie R Lill
- Department of Proteomics & Biological Resources, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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