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Zhang B, Jiang X, Yu Y, Cui Y, Wang W, Luo H, Stergiadis S, Wang B. Rumen microbiome-driven insight into bile acid metabolism and host metabolic regulation. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae098. [PMID: 38836500 PMCID: PMC11193847 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbes play a crucial role in transforming primary bile acids (BAs) into secondary forms, which influence systemic metabolic processes. The rumen, a distinctive and critical microbial habitat in ruminants, boasts a diverse array of microbial species with multifaceted metabolic capabilities. There remains a gap in our understanding of BA metabolism within this ecosystem. Herein, through the analysis of 9371 metagenome-assembled genomes and 329 cultured organisms from the rumen, we identified two enzymes integral to BA metabolism: 3-dehydro-bile acid delta4,6-reductase (baiN) and the bile acid:Na + symporter family (BASS). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were employed by introducing exogenous BAs. We revealed a transformation of BAs in rumen and found an enzyme cluster, including L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. This cluster, distinct from the previously known BA-inducible operon responsible for 7α-dehydroxylation, suggests a previously unrecognized pathway potentially converting primary BAs into secondary BAs. Moreover, our in vivo experiments indicated that microbial BA administration in the rumen can modulate amino acid and lipid metabolism, with systemic impacts underscored by core secondary BAs and their metabolites. Our study provides insights into the rumen microbiome's role in BA metabolism, revealing a complex microbial pathway for BA biotransformation and its subsequent effect on host metabolic pathways, including those for glucose, amino acids, and lipids. This research not only advances our understanding of microbial BA metabolism but also underscores its wider implications for metabolic regulation, offering opportunities for improving animal and potentially human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhe Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Sokratis Stergiadis
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6EU, United Kingdom
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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152
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Tao Y, Zhou H, Li Z, Wu H, Wu F, Miao Z, Shi H, Huang F, Wu X. TGR5 deficiency-induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors: The role of gut microbiota dysbiosis. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:219-232. [PMID: 37839469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Anxiety and depression have been associated with imbalances in the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), a bile acid receptor involved in metabolism, is influenced by the gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, depression, and microbiota using TGR5 knockout mice. METHODS We employed the following methods: (1) Assessment of behavioral changes, (2) Measurement of 5-HT levels and protein expression, (3) Analysis of stool samples, (4) Utilization of gene sequencing and statistical analysis to identify microbial signatures, (5) Examination of correlations between microbial signatures and 5-HT levels, and (6) Fecal microbiota transplantation experiments of TGR5-/- mice. RESULTS The deletion of TGR5 was found to result in increased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. TGR5 knockout mice exhibited significant reductions in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in both serum and hippocampus, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the hippocampus. Moreover, TGR5 deficiency was associated with a decrease in the species richness of the gut microbiota. Specifically, the gut microbiota compositions of TGR5 knockout mice displayed distinct differences compared to their littermates, characterized by higher abundances of Anaeroplasma, Prevotella, Staphylococcus, Jeotgalicoccus, and Helicobacter, and a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium. Notably, a strong association between Jeotgalicoccus as well as Staphylococcus and serum 5-HT levels was observed in co-occurrence network. Furthermore, mice that received fecal microbiota transplants from TGR5-/- mice displayed anxiety and depression -like behaviors, accompanied by alterations in 5-HT levels in the hippocampus and serum. LIMITATIONS Study limitations for gut bacteria were analyzed at the genus level only. CONCLUSION TGR5 deletion in mice induces anxiety and depression-like behaviors, linked to reduced 5-HT levels in serum and the hippocampus. Gut microbiota changes play a direct role in these behaviors and serotonin alterations. This implicates TGR5 and gut bacteria in mood regulation, with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Houyuan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zikang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Fanggeng Wu
- Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Miao
- Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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153
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Zhou C, Pan X, Huang L, Wu T, Zhao T, Qi J, Wu J, Mukondiwa AV, Tang Y, Luo Y, Tu Q, Huang Z, Niu J. Fibroblast growth factor 21 ameliorates cholestatic liver injury via a hepatic FGFR4-JNK pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166870. [PMID: 37696161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis is characterized by hepatic accumulation of cytotoxic bile acids (BAs), which often subsequently leads to liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a liver-secreted hormone with pleiotropic effects on the homeostasis of glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. However, whether hepatic FGF21 plays a role in cholestatic liver injury remains elusive. We found that serum and hepatic FGF21 levels were significantly increased in response to cholestatic liver injury. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Fgf21 exacerbated hepatic accumulation of BAs, further accentuating liver injury. Consistently, administration of rFGF21 ameliorated cholestatic liver injury caused by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) treatment and Mdr2 deficiency. Mechanically, FGF21 activated a hepatic FGFR4-JNK signaling pathway to decrease Cyp7a1 expression, thereby reducing hepatic BAs pool. Our study demonstrates that hepatic FGF21 functions as an adaptive stress-responsive signal to downregulate BA biosynthesis, thereby ameliorating cholestatic liver injury, and FGF21 analogs may represent a candidate therapy for cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanren Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaomin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Tianzhen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jie Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Alan Vengai Mukondiwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yuli Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yongde Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qi Tu
- Hangzhou Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Jianlou Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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154
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Liu X, Li J, Shi M, Fu J, Wang Y, Kang W, Liu J, Zhu F, Huang K, Chen X, Liu Y. Melatonin improves cholestatic liver disease via the gut-liver axis. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12929. [PMID: 38047407 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver disease is characterized by disturbances in the intestinal microbiota and excessive accumulation of toxic bile acids (BA) in the liver. Melatonin (MT) can improve liver diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of MT on hepatic BA synthesis, liver injury, and fibrosis in 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed and Mdr2-/- mice. MT significantly improved hepatic injury and fibrosis with a significant decrease in hepatic BA accumulation in DDC-fed and Mdr2-/- mice. MT reprogramed gut microbiota and augmented fecal bile salt hydrolase activity, which was related to increasing intestinal BA deconjugation and fecal BA excretion in both DDC-fed and Mdr2-/- mice. MT significantly activated the intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF-15) axis and subsequently inhibited hepatic BA synthesis in DDC-fed and Mdr2-/- mice. MT failed to improve DDC-induced liver fibrosis and BA synthesis in antibiotic-treated mice. Furthermore, MT provided protection against DDC-induced liver injury and fibrosis in fecal microbiota transplantation mice. MT did not decrease liver injury and fibrosis in DDC-fed intestinal epithelial cell-specific FXR knockout mice, suggesting that the intestinal FXR mediated the anti-fibrosis effect of MT. In conclusion, MT ameliorates cholestatic liver diseases by remodeling gut microbiota and activating intestinal FXR/FGF-15 axis-mediated inhibition of hepatic BA synthesis and promotion of BA excretion in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengdie Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weili Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenxia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunhuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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155
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Cruz MS, Tintelnot J, Gagliani N. Roles of microbiota in pancreatic cancer development and treatment. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2320280. [PMID: 38411395 PMCID: PMC10900280 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2320280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. This is due to the fact that most cases are only diagnosed at an advanced and palliative disease stage, and there is a high incidence of therapy resistance. Despite ongoing efforts, to date, the mechanisms underlying PDAC oncogenesis and its poor responses to treatment are still largely unclear. As the study of the microbiome in cancer progresses, growing evidence suggests that bacteria or fungi might be key players both in PDAC oncogenesis as well as in its resistance to chemo- and immunotherapy, for instance through modulation of the tumor microenvironment and reshaping of the host immune response. Here, we review how the microbiota exerts these effects directly or indirectly via microbial-derived metabolites. Finally, we further discuss the potential of modulating the microbiota composition as a therapy in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Santos Cruz
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joseph Tintelnot
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Hamburg, Germany
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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156
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Zhang YW, Song PR, Wang SC, Liu H, Shi ZM, Su JC. Diets intervene osteoporosis via gut-bone axis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2295432. [PMID: 38174650 PMCID: PMC10773645 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that seriously endangers the health of middle-aged and older adults. Recently, with the continuous deepening of research, an increasing number of studies have revealed gut microbiota as a potential target for osteoporosis, and the research concept of the gut-bone axis has gradually emerged. Additionally, the intake of dietary nutrients and the adoption of dietary patterns may affect the gut microbiota, and alterations in the gut microbiota might also influence the metabolic status of the host, thus adjusting bone metabolism. Based on the gut-bone axis, dietary intake can also participate in the modulation of bone metabolism by altering abundance, diversity, and composition of gut microbiota. Herein, combined with emerging literatures and relevant studies, this review is aimed to summarize the impacts of different dietary components and patterns on osteoporosis by acting on gut microbiota, as well as underlying mechanisms and proper dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Ran Song
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Min Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Can Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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157
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Zhou L, Lu G, Nie Y, Ren Y, Shi JS, Xue Y, Xu ZH, Geng Y. Restricted intake of sulfur-containing amino acids reversed the hepatic injury induced by excess Desulfovibrio through gut-liver axis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2370634. [PMID: 38935546 PMCID: PMC11212577 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2370634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key player in gut-liver axis. However, the effect of different dietary patterns on gut microbiota and liver functions remains unclear. Here, we used rodent standard chow and purified diet to mimic two common human dietary patterns: grain and plant-based diet and refined-food-based diet, respectively and explored their impacts on gut microbiota and liver. Gut microbiota experienced a great shift with notable increase in Desulfovibrio, gut bile acid (BA) levels elevated significantly, and liver inflammation was observed in mice fed with the purified diet. Liver inflammation and elevated gut BA levels also occurred in mice fed with the chow diet after receiving Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 29,577 (DSV). Restriction of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) prevented liver injury mainly through higher hepatic antioxidant and detoxifying ability and reversed the elevated BA levels due to excess Desulfovibrio. Ex vivo fermentation of human fecal microbiota with primary BAs demonstrated that DSV enhanced production of secondary BAs. Higher concentration of both primary and secondary BAs were found in the gut of germ-free mice after receiving DSV. In conclusion, Restriction of SAAs in diet may become an effective dietary intervention to prevent liver injury associated with excess Desulfovibrio in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gexue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yawen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yilin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuzheng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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158
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Park G, Kadyan S, Hochuli N, Pollak J, Wang B, Salazar G, Chakrabarty P, Efron P, Sheffler J, Nagpal R. A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2323752. [PMID: 38444392 PMCID: PMC10936641 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder with rapidly mounting prevalence worldwide, yet no proven AD cure has been discovered. Using a multi-omics approach in a transgenic AD mouse model, the current study demonstrated the efficacy of a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MkD) on AD-related neurocognitive pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms related to the gut-microbiome-brain axis. The findings revealed that MkD induces profound shifts in the gut microbiome community and microbial metabolites. Most notably, MkD promoted growth of the Lactobacillus population, resulting in increased bacteria-derived lactate production. We discovered elevated levels of microbiome- and diet-derived metabolites in the serum as well, signaling their influence on the brain. Importantly, these changes in serum metabolites upregulated specific receptors that have neuroprotective effects and induced alternations in neuroinflammatory-associated pathway profiles in hippocampus. Additionally, these metabolites displayed strong favorable co-regulation relationship with gut-brain integrity and inflammatory markers, as well as neurobehavioral outcomes. The findings underscore the ameliorative effects of MkD on AD-related neurological function and the underlying gut-brain communication via modulation of the gut microbiome-metabolome arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwoncheol Park
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Nathaniel Hochuli
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Julie Pollak
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Philip Efron
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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159
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McMillan AS, Theriot CM. Bile acids impact the microbiota, host, and C. difficile dynamics providing insight into mechanisms of efficacy of FMTs and microbiota-focused therapeutics. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2393766. [PMID: 39224076 PMCID: PMC11376424 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2393766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Antibiotic usage, a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), disrupts the gut microbiota, allowing C. difficile to proliferate and cause infection, and can often lead to recurrent CDI (rCDI). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) have emerged as effective treatments for rCDI and aim to restore colonization resistance provided by a healthy gut microbiota. However, much is still unknown about the mechanisms mediating their success. Bile acids, extensively modified by gut microbes, affect C. difficile's germination, growth, and toxin production while also shaping the gut microbiota and influencing host immune responses. Additionally, microbial interactions, such as nutrient competition and cross-feeding, contribute to colonization resistance against C. difficile and may contribute to the success of microbiota-focused therapeutics. Bile acids as well as other microbial mediated interactions could have implications for other diseases being treated with microbiota-focused therapeutics. This review focuses on the intricate interplay between bile acid modifications, microbial ecology, and host responses with a focus on C. difficile, hoping to shed light on how to move forward with the development of new microbiota mediated therapeutic strategies to combat rCDI and other intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur S McMillan
- Genetics Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Casey M Theriot
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Guo X, Wang J, Xu H, Wang Y, Cao Y, Wen Y, Li J, Liu Y, Wang K, Wang J, Zhong X, Sun C, Zhang Y, Xu J, Li C, Mu P, Xu L, Xie C. Obesity induced disruption on diurnal rhythm of insulin sensitivity via gut microbiome-bile acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159419. [PMID: 37951383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of the diurnal rhythm has been recognized as a significant contributing factor to metabolic dysregulation. The important role of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism has attracted extensive attention. However, the function of the gut microbiota-bile acid axis in regulating the diurnal rhythms of metabolic homeostasis remains largely unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the interplay between rhythmicity of host metabolism and gut microbiota-bile acid axis, as well as to assess the impact of obesity on them. We found that high fat diet feeding and Leptin gene deficiency (ob/ob) significantly disturbed the rhythmic patterns of insulin sensitivity and serum total cholesterol levels. The bile acid profiling unveiled a conspicuous diurnal rhythm oscillation of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in lean mice, concomitant with fluctuations in insulin sensitivity, whereas it was absent in obese mice. The aforementioned diurnal rhythm oscillations were largely desynchronized by gut microbiota depletion, suggesting the indispensable role of gut microbiota in diurnal regulation of insulin sensitivity and bile acid metabolism. Consistently, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that UDCA-associated bacteria exhibited diurnal rhythm oscillations that paralleled the fluctuation in insulin sensitivity. Collectively, the current study provides compelling evidence regarding the association between diurnal rhythm of insulin sensitivity and gut microbiota-bile acid axis. Moreover, we have elucidated the deleterious effects of obesity on gut microbiome-bile acid metabolism in both the genetic obesity model and the diet-induced obesity model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hualing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingquan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yameng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kanglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengxiang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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161
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Esparteiro D, Fouquet G, Courtois A, Jedraszak G, Marticho L, Gourdel M, Billon-Crossouard S, Croyal M, Naassila M, Nguyen-Khac E, Marcq I. Serum bile acids profiles are altered without change of the gut microbiota composition following a seven-day prednisolone therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2382767. [PMID: 39078043 PMCID: PMC11290774 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2382767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis (sAH) is an acute form of liver injury caused by chronic and heavy alcohol drinking. A one-month corticosteroids course is the only sAH reference treatment, and its interactions with the Gut Microbiota (GM), which is a key contributor to liver injury, remain unknown. To evaluate the evolution of the GM in sAH patients, we retrospectively investigated the composition of the GM of 27 sAH patients at the Amiens University Hospital before (D0) and after (D7) a 7-day corticotherapy course using fecal metagenomics sequencing. We also quantified fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) and fecal and serum Bile Acids (BA), as well as serum Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP). Overall, the community and taxonomical analyses did not reveal any GM evolution between D0 and D7, nor did the SCFA profiles analysis. However, in serum but not fecal samples, the ratio of glyco-conjugated to tauro-conjugated BA was significantly reduced at D7, independently of the response to treatment, while two BA were enriched in non-responder patients. LBP concentration significantly diminished between D0 and D7, which may indicate an improvement of the gut barrier. The stability of the GM of sAH is interesting in the perspective of new treatments based on GM modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Esparteiro
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Grégory Fouquet
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Anoïsia Courtois
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Léa Marticho
- CHU d’Amiens, Service d’Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Amiens, France
| | - Mathilde Gourdel
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | | | - Mikaël Croyal
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
- CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France
- CNRS, INSERM, l’Institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Eric Nguyen-Khac
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- CHU d’Amiens, Service d’Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Amiens, France
| | - Ingrid Marcq
- GRAP INSERM U1247, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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162
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Gao C, Wei J, Lu C, Wang L, Dong D, Sun M. A new perspective in intestinal microecology: lifting the veil of exercise regulation of cardiometabolic diseases. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2404141. [PMID: 39305272 PMCID: PMC11418258 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2404141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), encompassing cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunctions, characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation, have been identified with boosting morbidity and mortality due to the dearth of efficacious therapeutic interventions. In recent years, studies have shown that variations in gut microbiota and its own metabolites can influence the occurrence of CMDs. Intriguingly, the composition and function of the gut microbiota are susceptible to exercise patterns, thus affecting inflammatory, immune, and metabolic responses within the host. In this review, we introduce the key mechanisms of intestinal microecology involved in the onset and development of CMDs, discuss the relationship between exercise and intestinal microecology, and then analyze the role of intestinal microecology in the beneficial effects of exercise on CMDs, aiming at elucidating the gut-heart axis mechanisms of exercise mediated protective effect on CMDs, building avenues for the application of exercise in the management of CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Gao
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jinwen Wei
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Changxu Lu
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Dan Dong
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Mingli Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
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163
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Cai X, Li Z, Yao Y, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Ye Y. Glycolithocholic acid increases the frequency of circulating Tregs through constitutive androstane receptor to alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115951. [PMID: 38036190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gut microbiota and their metabolic activity are important regulators of host immunity. However, the role of gut microbiota and their metabolic activity-mediated osteoimmunity in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of gut microbiota and their metabolic activity in PMO. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH 16S rDNA sequencing was used for analyzing the gut microbiota diversity of patients with PMO and rat models, and a targeted metabolism study was performed for analyzing metabolite levels. Flow cytometry was used for analyzing the frequency of immune cells. Micro-CT was used for analyzing bone damage in rat models. Fecal microbiota transplantation was performed for exploring the therapeutic effect of the gut microbiota on PMO. CD4+ T cells were co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for evaluating their molecular mechanisms. KEY RESULTS Patients with PMO exhibited reduced gut microbiota diversity, and fecal glycolithocholic acid (GLCA) levels correlated with the degree of osteoporosis. GLCA levels in the gut were positively correlated with the frequency of circulating Tregs in ovariectomized rats. Restoration of the gut microbiota alleviated osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Circulating GLCA augmented CD4+ T cell differentiation into Tregs via constitutive androstane receptors. The increased frequency of Tregs further promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate osteoporosis. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GLCA alleviated PMO by increasing the frequency of circulating Tregs, acting via the constitutive androstane receptor. This study reveals a new strategy for the treatment of PMO, with GLCA as a potential drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yiqing Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
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164
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He X, Zhou HX, Fu X, Ni KD, Lin AZ, Zhang LT, Yin HH, Jiang Q, Zhou X, Meng YW, Liu JY. Metabolomics study reveals increased deoxycholic acid contributes to deoxynivalenol-mediated intestinal barrier injury. Life Sci 2024; 336:122302. [PMID: 38016577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Deoxynivalenol (DON), namely vomitoxin, is one of the most prevalent fungal toxins in cereal crops worldwide. However, the underlying toxic mechanisms of DON remain largely unknown. MAIN METHODS DON exposure-caused changes in the murine plasma metabolome and gut microbiome were investigated by an LC-MS/MS-based nontargeted metabolomics approach and sequencing of 16S rRNA in fecal samples, respectively. Cellular models were then used to validate the findings from the metabolomics study. KEY FINDINGS DON exposure increased intestinal barrier permeability evidenced by its-mediated decrease in colonic Claudin 5 and E-cadherin, as well as increases in colonic Ifn-γ, Cxcl9, Cxcl10, and Cxcr3. Furthermore, DON exposure resulted in a significant increase in murine plasma levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA). Also, DON exposure led to gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was associated with DON exposure-caused increase in plasma DCA. In addition, we found not only DON but also DCA dose-dependently caused a significant increase in the levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, and/or CXCR3, as well as a significant decrease in the expression levels of Claudin 5 and/or E-cadherin in the human colonic epithelial cells (NCM460). SIGNIFICANCE DON-mediated increase in DCA contributes to DON-caused intestinal injury. DCA may be a potential therapeutic target for DON enterotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong-Xu Zhou
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xian Fu
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai-Di Ni
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ai-Zhi Lin
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling-Tong Zhang
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hou-Hua Yin
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi-Wen Meng
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Zhang Z, Mocanu V, Deehan EC, Hotte N, Zhu Y, Wei S, Kao DH, Karmali S, Birch DW, Walter J, Madsen KL. Recipient microbiome-related features predicting metabolic improvement following fecal microbiota transplantation in adults with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome: a secondary analysis of a phase 2 clinical trial. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2345134. [PMID: 38685731 PMCID: PMC11062372 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2345134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial-based therapeutics in clinical practice are of considerable interest, and a recent study demonstrated fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) followed by dietary fiber supplements improved glucose homeostasis. Previous evidence suggests that donor and recipient compatibility and FMT protocol are key determinants, but little is known about the involvement of specific recipient factors. Using data from our recent randomized placebo-control phase 2 clinical trial in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome, we grouped participants that received FMT from one of 4 donors with either fiber supplement into HOMA-IR responders (n = 21) and HOMA-IR non-responders (n = 8). We further assessed plasma bile acids using targeted metabolomics and performed subgroup analyzes to evaluate the effects of recipient parameters and gastrointestinal factors on microbiota engraftment and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) response. The baseline fecal microbiota composition at genus level of recipients could predict the improvements in HOMA2-IR at week 6 (ROC-AUC = 0.70). Prevotella was identified as an important predictor, with responders having significantly lower relative abundance than non-responders (p = .02). In addition, recipients displayed a highly individualized degree of microbial engraftment from donors. Compared to the non-responders, the responders had significantly increased bacterial richness (Chao1) after FMT and a more consistent engraftment of donor-specific bacteria ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) such as Faecalibacillus intestinalis (ASV44), Roseburia spp. (ASV103), and Christensenellaceae spp. (ASV140) (p < .05). Microbiota engraftment was strongly associated with recipients' factors at baseline including initial gut microbial diversity, fiber and nutrient intakes, inflammatory markers, and bile acid derivative levels. This study identified that responders to FMT therapy had a higher engraftment rate in the transplantation of specific donor-specific microbes, which were strongly correlated with insulin sensitivity improvements. Further, the recipient baseline gut microbiota and related factors were identified as the determinants for responsiveness to FMT and fiber supplementation. The findings provide a basis for the development of precision microbial therapeutics for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiao Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Valentin Mocanu
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edward C. Deehan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Naomi Hotte
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dina H. Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shahzeer Karmali
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel W. Birch
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jens Walter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology and Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Karen L. Madsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Zhou L, Zhang CL, Jiang K, Cheng HY, Xiong WW, Zhu JX. Therapeutic Potential of Danyankang Capsule in High-Fat Diet-Induced Cholelithiasis and Its Impact on Liver FXR Signaling and Gut Microbiota. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:680-691. [PMID: 38522942 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstones, represents a prevalent hepatobiliary disorder. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic role and mechanism of Danyankang capsulein treating cholelithiasis induced by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. The therapeutical potential of Danyankang was assessed through biochemical analyses, histopathological examinations, protein detection, and 16S rDNA sequencing. A high-fat diet resulted in cholelithiasis manifestation in mice, with discernable abnormal serum biochemical indices and disrupted biliary cholesterol homeostasis. Danyankang treatment notably ameliorated liver inflammation symptoms and rectified serum and liver biochemical abnormalities. Concurrently, it addressed biliary imbalances. Elevated expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)/pNF-κB, HMGCR, CYP7A1, and CYP8B1 observed at the inception of cholelithiasis, were notably reduced upon Danyankang administration. Furthermore, 16S rDNA analysis revealed a decline in species number and diversity of the intestinal flora in cholelithiasis-treated mice, while the decline was reversed with Danyankang treatment. Danyankang capsules reduced the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that Danyankang exerts potent therapeutic efficacy against high-fat diet-induced cholelithiasis. This beneficial outcome is potentially linked to the inhibition of the TLR4/pNF-κB and SHP/CYP7A1/CYP8B1 signaling pathways, as well as the enhancement of intestinal flora species abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Chu-Ling Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Kun Jiang
- Guizhou Bailing Enterprise Group Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Hong-Yu Cheng
- College of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Wen-Wen Xiong
- Medical Clinic, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Ji-Xiao Zhu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
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167
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de Castilhos J, Tillmanns K, Blessing J, Laraño A, Borisov V, Stein-Thoeringer CK. Microbiome and pancreatic cancer: time to think about chemotherapy. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2374596. [PMID: 39024520 PMCID: PMC11259062 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2374596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer characterized by late diagnosis, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. Its complex biology, characterized by a dense, stromal tumor environment with an immunosuppressive milieu, contributes to resistance against standard treatments like chemotherapy and radiation. This comprehensive review explores the dynamic role of the microbiome in modulating chemotherapy efficacy and outcomes in PDAC. It delves into the microbiome's impact on drug metabolism and resistance, and the interaction between microbial elements, drugs, and human biology. We also highlight the significance of specific bacterial species and microbial enzymes in influencing drug action and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Cutting-edge methodologies, including artificial intelligence, low-biomass microbiome analysis and patient-derived organoid models, are discussed, offering insights into the nuanced interactions between microbes and cancer cells. The potential of microbiome-based interventions as adjuncts to conventional PDAC treatments are discussed, paving the way for personalized therapy approaches. This review synthesizes recent research to provide an in-depth understanding of how the microbiome affects chemotherapy efficacy. It focuses on elucidating key mechanisms and identifying existing knowledge gaps. Addressing these gaps is crucial for enhancing personalized medicine and refining cancer treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Castilhos
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Tillmanns
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jana Blessing
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnelyn Laraño
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vadim Borisov
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph K. Stein-Thoeringer
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Zhang M, Xiao B, Chen X, Ou B, Wang S. Physical exercise plays a role in rebalancing the bile acids of enterohepatic axis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14065. [PMID: 38037846 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as one of the most common diseases of lipid metabolism disorders, which is closely related to bile acids disorders and gut microbiota disorders. Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, and processed by gut microbiota in intestinal tract, and participate in metabolic regulation through the enterohepatic circulation. Bile acids not only promote the consumption and absorption of intestinal fat but also play an important role in biological metabolic signaling network, affecting fat metabolism and glucose metabolism. Studies have demonstrated that exercise plays an important role in regulating the composition and function of bile acid pool in enterohepatic axis, which maintains the homeostasis of the enterohepatic circulation and the health of the host gut microbiota. Exercise has been recommended by several health guidelines as the first-line intervention for patients with NAFLD. Can exercise alter bile acids through the microbiota in the enterohepatic axis? If so, regulating bile acids through exercise may be a promising treatment strategy for NAFLD. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this potential connection are largely unknown. Therefore, in this review, we tried to review the relationship among NAFLD, physical exercise, bile acids, and gut microbiota through the existing data and literature, highlighting the role of physical exercise in rebalancing bile acid and microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyang Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Bingming Ou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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169
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Li H, Liu S, Zhang K, Zhu X, Dai J, Lu Y. Gut microbiome and plasma metabolome alterations in myopic mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1251243. [PMID: 38179454 PMCID: PMC10764480 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1251243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Myopia is one of the most common eye diseases leading to blurred distance vision. Inflammatory diseases could trigger or exacerbate myopic changes. Although gut microbiota bacteria are associated with various inflammatory diseases, little is known about its role in myopia. Materials and methods The mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, with the model group being attached-30D lens onto the eyes for 3 weeks. Then, mouse cecal contents and plasma were collected to analyze their intestinal microbiota and plasma metabolome. Results We identified that the microbial composition differed considerably between the myopic and non-myopic mice, with the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum decreased obviously while that of Actinobacteria phylum was increased in myopia. Furthermore, Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium were positively correlated with axial lengths (ALs) of eyeballs while negatively correlated with refractive diopters. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 141 differentially expressed metabolites, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed considerable enrichment mainly in amino acid metabolism pathways. Notably, pathways involved glutamate metabolism including "Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism" and "Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism" was changed dramatically, which presented as the concentrations of L-Glutamate and L-Glutamine decreased obviously in myopia. Interestingly, microbiome dysbiosis and metabolites alternations in myopia have a disrupting gut barrier feature. We further demonstrated that the gut barrier function was impaired in myopic mice manifesting in decreased expression of Occludin, ZO-1 and increased permeation of FITC-dextran. Discussion Myopic mice had obviously altered gut microbiome and metabolites profiles compared to non-myopic mice. The dysbiosis and plasma metabolomics shift in myopia had an interrupting gut barrier feature. Our study provides new insights into the possible role of the gut microbiota in myopia and reinforces the potential feasibility of microbiome-based therapies in myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhui Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
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170
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Liu J, Peng F, Cheng H, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Wang L, Tang F, Wang J, Wan Y, Wu J, Zhou Y, Feng W, Peng C. Chronic cold environment regulates rheumatoid arthritis through modulation of gut microbiota-derived bile acids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166837. [PMID: 37689184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The pathologies of many diseases are influenced by environmental temperature. As early as the classical Roman age, people believed that exposure to cold weather was bad for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there is no direct evidence supporting this notion, and the molecular mechanisms of the effects of chronic cold exposure on RA remain unknown. Here, in a temperature-conditioned environment, we found that chronic cold exposure aggravates collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) by increasing ankle swelling, bone erosion, and cytokine levels in rats. Furthermore, in chronic cold-exposed CIA rats, gut microbiota dysbiosis was identified, including a decrease in the differential relative abundance of the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. We also found that an antibiotic cocktail suppressed arthritis severity under cold conditions. Notably, the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) results showed that transplantation of cold-adapted microbiota partly recapitulated the microbiota signature in the respective donor rats and phenocopied the cold-induced effects on CIA rats. In addition, cold exposure disturbed bile acid profiles, in particular decreasing gut microbiota-derived taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) levels. The perturbation of bile acids was also associated with activation of the TGR5-cAMP-PKA axis and NLRP3 inflammasome. Oral THDCA supplementation mitigated the arthritis exacerbation induced by chronic cold exposure. Our findings identify an important role of aberrant gut microbiota-derived bile acids in cold exposure-related RA, highlighting potential opportunities to treat cold-related RA by manipulating the gut microbiota and/or supplementing with THDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yinlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Ma B, Gavzy SJ, France M, Song Y, Lwin HW, Kensiski A, Saxena V, Piao W, Lakhan R, Iyyathurai J, Li L, Paluskievicz C, Wu L, WillsonShirkey M, Mongodin EF, Mas VR, Bromberg JS. Rapid intestinal and systemic metabolic reprogramming in an immunosuppressed environment. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:394. [PMID: 38066426 PMCID: PMC10709923 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic metabolism shapes the immune environment associated with immune suppression and tolerance in settings such as organ transplantation and cancer. However, little is known about the metabolic activities in an immunosuppressive environment. In this study, we employed metagenomic, metabolomic, and immunological approaches to profile the early effects of the immunosuppressant drug tacrolimus, antibiotics, or both in gut lumen and circulation using a murine model. Tacrolimus induced rapid and profound alterations in metabolic activities within two days of treatment, prior to alterations in gut microbiota composition and structure. The metabolic profile and gut microbiome after seven days of treatment was distinct from that after two days of treatment, indicating continuous drug effects on both gut microbial ecosystem and host metabolism. The most affected taxonomic groups are Clostriales and Verrucomicrobiae (i.e., Akkermansia muciniphila), and the most affected metabolic pathways included a group of interconnected amino acids, bile acid conjugation, glucose homeostasis, and energy production. Highly correlated metabolic changes were observed between lumen and serum metabolism, supporting their significant interactions. Despite a small sample size, this study explored the largely uncharacterized microbial and metabolic events in an immunosuppressed environment and demonstrated that early changes in metabolic activities can have significant implications that may serve as antecedent biomarkers of immune activation or quiescence. To understand the intricate relationships among gut microbiome, metabolic activities, and immune cells in an immune suppressed environment is a prerequisite for developing strategies to monitor and optimize alloimmune responses that determine transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ma
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Samuel J Gavzy
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Michael France
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hnin Wai Lwin
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Allison Kensiski
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Wenji Piao
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ram Lakhan
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jegan Iyyathurai
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lushen Li
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Christina Paluskievicz
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Long Wu
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Marina WillsonShirkey
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Valeria R Mas
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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172
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Bartsch M, Hahn A, Berkemeyer S. Bridging the Gap from Enterotypes to Personalized Dietary Recommendations: A Metabolomics Perspective on Microbiome Research. Metabolites 2023; 13:1182. [PMID: 38132864 PMCID: PMC10744656 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing have propelled research into the human microbiome and its link to metabolic health. We explore microbiome analysis methods, specifically emphasizing metabolomics, how dietary choices impact the production of microbial metabolites, providing an overview of studies examining the connection between enterotypes and diet, and thus, improvement of personalized dietary recommendations. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate constitute more than 95% of the collective pool of short-chain fatty acids. Conflicting data on acetate's effects may result from its dynamic signaling, which can vary depending on physiological conditions and metabolic phenotypes. Human studies suggest that propionate has overall anti-obesity effects due to its well-documented chemistry, cellular signaling mechanisms, and various clinical benefits. Butyrate, similar to propionate, has the ability to reduce obesity by stimulating the release of appetite-suppressing hormones and promoting the synthesis of leptin. Tryptophan affects systemic hormone secretion, with indole stimulating the release of GLP-1, which impacts insulin secretion, appetite suppression, and gastric emptying. Bile acids, synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and subsequently modified by gut bacteria, play an essential role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins, but they also interact directly with intestinal microbiota and their metabolites. One study using statistical methods identified primarily two groupings of enterotypes Bacteroides and Ruminococcus. The Prevotella-dominated enterotype, P-type, in humans correlates with vegetarians, high-fiber and carbohydrate-rich diets, and traditional diets. Conversely, individuals who consume diets rich in animal fats and proteins, typical in Western-style diets, often exhibit the Bacteroides-dominated, B-type, enterotype. The P-type showcases efficient hydrolytic enzymes for plant fiber degradation but has limited lipid and protein fermentation capacity. Conversely, the B-type features specialized enzymes tailored for the degradation of animal-derived carbohydrates and proteins, showcasing an enhanced saccharolytic and proteolytic potential. Generally, models excel at predictions but often struggle to fully elucidate why certain substances yield varied responses. These studies provide valuable insights into the potential for personalized dietary recommendations based on enterotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Bartsch
- NutritionLab, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences, Am Kruempel 31, 49090 Osnabrueck, Germany;
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Shoma Berkemeyer
- NutritionLab, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences, Am Kruempel 31, 49090 Osnabrueck, Germany;
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173
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Xiang D, Yang J, Liu L, Yu H, Gong X, Liu D. The regulation of tissue-specific farnesoid X receptor on genes and diseases involved in bile acid homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115606. [PMID: 37812893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) facilitate the absorption of dietary lipids and vitamins and have also been identified as signaling molecules involved in regulating their own metabolism, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as immunity. Disturbances in BA homeostasis are associated with various enterohepatic and metabolic diseases, such as cholestasis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and obesity. As a key regulator, the nuclear orphan receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) precisely regulates BA homeostasis by transcriptional regulation of genes involved in BA synthesis, metabolism, and enterohepatic circulation. FXR is widely regarded as the most potential therapeutic target. Obeticholic acid is the only FXR agonist approved to treat patients with primary biliary cholangitis, but its non-specific activation of systemic FXR also causes high-frequency side effects. In recent years, developing tissue-specific FXR-targeting drugs has become a research highlight. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of tissue-specific intestine/liver FXR in regulating genes involved in BA homeostasis and briefly discusses tissue-specific FXR as a therapeutic target for treating diseases. These findings provide the basis for the development of tissue-specific FXR modulators for the treatment of enterohepatic and metabolic diseases associated with BA dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jinyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hengyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuepeng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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174
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Aliwa B, Horvath A, Traub J, Feldbacher N, Habisch H, Fauler G, Madl T, Stadlbauer V. Altered gut microbiome, bile acid composition and metabolome in sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2676-2691. [PMID: 37767786 PMCID: PMC10751428 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis is associated with low quality of life and high mortality risk. The pathogenesis has yet to be fully understood. We hypothesized that gut microbiome, bile acid (BA) composition and metabolites differ between cirrhotic patients with and without sarcopenia and contribute to pathogenesis. METHODS Cirrhotic patients with (n = 78) and without (n = 38) sarcopenia and non-cirrhotic controls with (n = 39) and without (n = 20) sarcopenia were included in this study. Faecal microbiome composition was studied by 16S rDNA sequencing, serum and faecal BA composition by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and metabolite composition in serum, faeces and urine by nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Bacteroides fragilis, Blautia marseille, Sutterella spp. and Veillonella parvula were associated with cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia, whereas Bacteroides ovatus was more abundant in cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia. We observed significantly elevated secondary BAs, deoxycholic acid (DCA; P = 0.01) and lithocholic acid (LCA; P = 0.02), and the ratios of deoxycholic acid to cholic acid (DCA:CA; P = 0.04), lithocholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid (LCA:CDCA; P = 0.03) and 12 alpha-hydroxylated to non-12 alpha-hydroxylated BAs (12-α-OH:non-12-α-OH BAs; P = 0.04) in serum of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia, indicating an enhanced transformation of primary to secondary BAs by the gut microbiome. CA (P = 0.02) and the ratios of CA:CDCA (P = 0.03) and total ursodeoxycholic acid to total secondary BAs (T-UDCA:total-sec-BAs, P = 0.03) were significantly reduced in the stool of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia. Also, valine and acetate were significantly reduced in the serum of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression further confirmed the association of B. ovatus (P = 0.01, odds ratio [OR]: 12.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 168.1; 2.2), the ratios of 12-α-OH:non-12-α-OH BAs (P = 0.03, OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 0.99; 6.55) and T-UDCA:total-sec-BAs (P = 0.04, OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.98) in serum and stool CA:CDCA (P = 0.04, OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62; 0.99), and serum valine (P = 0.04, OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.02; 1.00) with sarcopenia in cirrhosis after correcting for the severity of liver disease and sex. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a potential functional gut microbiome-host interaction linking sarcopenia with the altered gut microbiomes, BA profiles and amino acids pointing towards a potential mechanistic interplay in understanding sarcopenia pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard Aliwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and TechnologyUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Angela Horvath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Julia Traub
- Department of Clinical Medical NutritionUniversity Hospital GrazGrazAustria
| | - Nicole Feldbacher
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Günter Fauler
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory DiagnosticsGrazAustria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
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175
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Li N, Ma P, Li Y, Shang X, Nan X, Shi L, Han X, Liu J, Hong Y, Li Q, Cui J, Li J, Peng G. Gut microbiota-derived 12-ketolithocholic acid suppresses the IL-17A secretion from colonic group 3 innate lymphoid cells to prevent the acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2290315. [PMID: 38062857 PMCID: PMC10730201 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2290315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disruption are well-known as the primary triggers of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their role in regulating the group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which are essential for intestinal health, remains unexplored during the development of disease severity. Here, our results showed that the microbiota structure of patients with severe UC (SUCs) differed from those with mild UC (MiUCs), moderate UC (MoUCs), and healthy controls (HCs). Microbes producing secondary bile acids (SBAs) and SBAs decreased with the aggravation of UC, and a strong positive correlation existed between them. Next, fecal microbiota transfer was used to reproduce the human-derived microbiota in mice and decipher the microbiota-mediated inflammatory modulation during an increase in disease severity. Mice receiving SUC-derived microbiota exhibited enhancive inflammation, a lowered percentage of ILC3s, and the down-regulated expressions of bile acid receptors, including vitamin D receptor (VDR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR), in the colon. Similar to clinical results, SBA-producing microbes, deoxycholic acids (DCA), and 12-ketolithocholic acids (12-KLCA) were diminished in the intestine of these recipients. Finally, we compared the therapeutic potential of DCA and 12-KLCA in preventing colitis and the regulatory mechanisms mediated by ILC3s. 12-KLCA but not DCA represented a strong anti-inflammatory effect associated with the higher expression of VDR and the lower secretion of IL-17A from colonic ILC3s. Collectively, these findings provide new signatures for monitoring the acute deterioration of UC by targeting gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism and demonstrate the therapeutic and preventive potential of a novel microbiota-derived metabolite, 12-KLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiguang Ma
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalan Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuekai Shang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinmei Nan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajing Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Hong
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyi Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Cui
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiying Peng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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176
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Zhou T, Ismail A, Francis H. Bile Acids in Autoimmune Liver Disease: Unveiling the Nexus of Inflammation, Inflammatory Cells, and Treatment Strategies. Cells 2023; 12:2725. [PMID: 38067153 PMCID: PMC10705880 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As bile acids not solely play an essential role in nutrition absorption, but also in regulating metabolic functions as well as immune response, bile acids and their signaling pathways are increasingly acknowledged as potential therapeutic targets in the context of chronic liver diseases. Bile acid receptors such as G protein bile acid-activated receptor 1 and farnesoid X receptor are expressed in different immune cells engaged in innate immunity. Recently, a series of studies have revealed distinct functions of bile acids and bile acid receptors within the adaptive immune system. In addition, a variety of molecules targeting bile acid receptors and transporters are currently in advanced stages of clinical development. Autoimmune liver diseases including conditions like primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis can lead to chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and even cirrhosis and liver failure. In this review, we focus on the role of bile acids in the inflammatory aspects of autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - AbdiGhani Ismail
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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177
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Xu H, Fang F, Wu K, Song J, Li Y, Lu X, Liu J, Zhou L, Yu W, Yu F, Gao J. Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk regulates murine lipid metabolism via the intestinal FXR-FGF19 axis in diet-induced humanized dyslipidemia. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:262. [PMID: 38001551 PMCID: PMC10675972 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet-induced dyslipidemia is linked to the gut microbiota, but the causality of microbiota-host interaction affecting lipid metabolism remains controversial. Here, the humanized dyslipidemia mice model was successfully built by using fecal microbiota transplantation from dyslipidemic donors (FMT-dd) to study the causal role of gut microbiota in diet-induced dyslipidemia. RESULTS We demonstrated that FMT-dd reshaped the gut microbiota of mice by increasing Faecalibaculum and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, which then elevated serum cholicacid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA), reduced bile acid synthesis and increased cholesterol accumulation via the hepatic farnesoid X receptor-small heterodimer partner (FXR-SHP) axis. Nevertheless, high-fat diet led to decreased Muribaculum in the humanized dyslipidemia mice induced by FMT-dd, which resulted in reduced intestinal hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), raised bile acid synthesis and increased lipid absorption via the intestinal farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 19 (FXR-FGF19) axis. CONCLUSIONS Our studies implicated that intestinal FXR is responsible for the regulation of lipid metabolism in diet-induced dyslipidemia mediated by gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Xu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kaizhang Wu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenqing Yu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China.
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178
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Chen S, Shao Q, Chen J, Lv X, Ji J, Liu Y, Song Y. Bile acid signalling and its role in anxiety disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1268865. [PMID: 38075046 PMCID: PMC10710157 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1268865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorder is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder that afflicts 7.3%~28.0% of the world's population. Bile acids are synthesized by hepatocytes and modulate metabolism via farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled receptor (TGR5), etc. These effects are not limited to the gastrointestinal tract but also extend to tissues and organs such as the brain, where they regulate emotional centers and nerves. A rise in serum bile acid levels can promote the interaction between central FXR and TGR5 across the blood-brain barrier or activate intestinal FXR and TGR5 to release fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), respectively, which in turn, transmit signals to the brain via these indirect pathways. This review aimed to summarize advancements in the metabolism of bile acids and the physiological functions of their receptors in various tissues, with a specific focus on their regulatory roles in brain function. The contribution of bile acids to anxiety via sending signals to the brain via direct or indirect pathways was also discussed. Different bile acid ligands trigger distinct bile acid signaling cascades, producing diverse downstream effects, and these pathways may be involved in anxiety regulation. Future investigations from the perspective of bile acids are anticipated to lead to novel mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic targets for anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehan Song
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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179
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Peng Z, Zhuang J, Shen B. The role of microbiota in tumorigenesis, progression and treatment of bladder cancer. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 3:5. [PMID: 38455086 PMCID: PMC10917617 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
For decades, the urinary system was regarded as a sterile environment due to the absence of any bacterial growth in clinical standard urine cultures from healthy individuals. However, a diverse array of microbes colonizes the urinary system in small quantities, exhibiting a variable compositional signature influenced by differences in sex, age, and pathological state. Increasing pieces of evidence suggest microbiota exists in tumor tissue and plays a crucial role in tumor microenvironment based on research in multiple cancer models. Current studies about microbiota and bladder cancer have preliminarily characterized the bladder cancer-related microbiota, but how the microbiota influences the biological behavior of bladder cancer remains unclarified. This review summarizes the characteristics of microbiota in bladder cancer, aims to propose possible mechanisms that microbiota acts in tumorigenesis and progression of bladder cancer based on advances in gut microbiota, and discusses the potential clinical application of microbiota in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing Shen
- Correspondence to: Prof. Bing Shen, Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 85 Wu Jin Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200080, China. E-mail:
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180
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Liu Y, Xiao H, Wang Z, Pan Q, Zhao X, Lu B. Interactions between dietary cholesterol and intestinal flora and their effects on host health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37947307 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2276883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between dietary cholesterol and intestinal microbiota strongly affect host health. In recent years, relevant studies have greatly advanced this field and need to be summarized to deepen the understanding of dietary cholesterol-intestinal microbiota interactions and their effects on host health. This review covers the most recent frontiers on the effects of dietary cholesterol on the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, the metabolism of cholesterol by the intestinal microbiota, and the effects of the interactions on host health. Several animal-feeding studies reported that dietary cholesterol altered different intestinal microbiota in the body, while mainly causing alterations in intestinal microbial metabolites such as bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, and tryptophan derivatives. Alterations in these metabolites may be a novel mechanism mediating cholesterol-related diseases. The cholesterol microbial metabolite, coprostanol, has a low absorption rate and is excreted in the feces. Thus, microbial conversion of cholesterol-to-coprostanol may be an important way of cholesterol-lowering by the organism. Cholesterol-3-sulfate is a recently discovered microbial metabolite of cholesterol, mainly metabolized by Bacteroides containing the Bt_0416 gene. Its effects on host health have been preliminarily characterized and are mainly related to immune modulation and repair of the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Zhangtie Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiannan Pan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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181
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Li L, Li W, Ma Q, Lin Y, Cui Z. Exploring the causal correlations between 486 serum metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1281987. [PMID: 38028539 PMCID: PMC10672030 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1281987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The observational association between circulating metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been well documented. However, whether the association is causal remains unclear. In this study, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was introduced to analyse the causal relationships and possible mechanisms. Methods: We conducted a two-sample bidirectional MR study. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 7,824 participants provided data on 486 human blood metabolites. Outcome information was obtained from a large-scale GWAS summary, which contained 5,201 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) cases and 9,066 control cases of Europeans and yielded a total of 7,071,163 SNPs. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model was recruited as the primary two-sample MR analysis approach, followed by sensitivity analyses such as the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, leave-one-out analysis, and linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression. Results: In this study, we discovered that 24 metabolites belonging to the lipid, carbohydrate, xenobiotic and amino acid superpathways may increase the risk of SLE occurrence (p < 0.05). In addition, the metabolic disorders of 51 metabolites belonging to the amino acid, energy, xenobiotics, peptide and lipid superpathways were affected by SLE (p < 0.05). Palmitoleate belonging to the lipid superpathway and isobutyrylcarnitine and phenol sulfate belonging to the amino acid superpathway were factors with two-way causation. The metabolic enrichment pathway of bile acid biosynthesis was significant in the forward MR analysis (p = 0.0435). Linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism (p = 0.0260), betaine metabolism (p = 0.0314), and glycerolipid metabolism (p = 0.0435) were the significant metabolically enriched pathways in the reverse MR analysis. Conclusion: The levels of some specific metabolites may either contribute to the immune response inducing SLE, or they may be intermediates in the development and progression of SLE. These metabolites can be used as auxiliary diagnostic tools for SLE and for the evaluation of disease progression and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Youkun Lin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhezhe Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
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182
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Ma Y, Cao Y, Song X, Xu W, Luo Z, Shan J, Zhou J. Integration of semi-empirical MS/MS library with characteristic features for the annotation of novel amino acid-conjugated bile acids. Analyst 2023; 148:5380-5389. [PMID: 37743718 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, amino acids other than glycine and taurine were found to be conjugated with bile acids by the gut microbiome in mouse and human. As potential diagnostic markers for inflammatory bowel disease and farnesoid X receptor agonists, their physiological effects and mechanisms, however, remain to be elucidated. A tool for the rapid and comprehensive annotation of such new metabolites is required. Thus, we developed a semi-empirical MS/MS library for bile acids conjugated with 18 common amino acids, including alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamine, glutamate, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine. To investigate their fragmentation rules, these amino acids were chemically conjugated with lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid, and their accurate-mass MS/MS spectra were acquired. The common fragmentation patterns from the amino acid moieties were combined with 10 general bile acid skeletons to generate a semi-empirical MS/MS library of 180 structures. Software named BAFinder 2.0 was developed to combine the semi-empirical library in negative mode and the characteristic fragments in positive mode for automatic unknown identification. As a proof of concept, this workflow was applied to the LC-MS/MS analysis of the feces of human, beagle dogs, and rats. In total, 171 common amino acid-conjugated bile acids were annotated and 105 of them were confirmed with the retention times of synthesized compounds. To explore other potential bile acid conjugates, user-defined small molecules were in-silico conjugated with bile acids and searched in the fecal dataset. Four novel bile acid conjugates were discovered, including D-Ala-D-Ala, Lys(iso)-Gly, L-2-aminobutyric acid, and ornithine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 102206, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xiaocui Song
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Weichen Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zichen Luo
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjie Zhou
- The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin 214400, China
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183
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Kim K, Kang M, Cho BK. Systems and synthetic biology-driven engineering of live bacterial therapeutics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1267378. [PMID: 37929193 PMCID: PMC10620806 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1267378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen growing interest in bacterial engineering for therapeutically relevant applications. While early efforts focused on repurposing genetically tractable model strains, such as Escherichia coli, engineering gut commensals is gaining traction owing to their innate capacity to survive and stably propagate in the intestine for an extended duration. Although limited genetic tractability has been a major roadblock, recent advances in systems and synthetic biology have unlocked our ability to effectively harness native gut commensals for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, ranging from the rational design of synthetic microbial consortia to the construction of synthetic cells that execute "sense-and-respond" logic operations that allow real-time detection and therapeutic payload delivery in response to specific signals in the intestine. In this review, we outline the current progress and latest updates on microbial therapeutics, with particular emphasis on gut commensal engineering driven by synthetic biology and systems understanding of their molecular phenotypes. Finally, the challenges and prospects of engineering gut commensals for therapeutic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangsan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Engineering Biology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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184
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Hu Y, He D, Yu B, Chen D. Effects of Different Types of Dietary Fibers on Lipid Metabolism and Bile Acids in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3266. [PMID: 37893990 PMCID: PMC10603699 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fiber on the serum biochemistry, bile acid profile, and gut microbiota in piglets. Twenty-four pigs (initial body weight: 10.53 ± 1.23 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with eight replicate pens of one pig per pen for 21 d. The dietary treatments consisted of the following: (1) a fiber-free diet (NS); (2) a fiber-free diet + 3% fructooligosaccharides (SI); (3) a fiber-free diet + 3% dietary fiber mixture (fructooligosaccharides, long-chain inulin, and microcrystalline cellulose at the ratio 1:1:1; MIX). The results showed that compared with the NS group, the 3% SI diet reduced the serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration of the piglets (p < 0.05). The metabolomics results showed that the 3% SI diet increased the level of taurohyocholic acid (THCA) and α-muricholic acid, and the 3% MIX diet increased the level of THCA and cholic acid (p < 0.05). The use of 3% SI or MIX decreased the glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) level in the bile of the piglets (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis shows that the GDCA was positively related to the TC. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that UCG-002 and Holdemanella were enriched in the SI group, while Bacteroides was enriched in the MIX group. The microbial function prediction indicated that SI supplementation tended to elevate the relative abundance of gut bacteria capable of expressing bile acid-metabolizing enzymes. To sum up, the regulatory effect of dietary fiber on lipid metabolism is related to bile acids in piglets. Compared with MIX, SI is more likely to regulate bile acids through the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (Y.H.)
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185
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Lai C, Chen L, Zhong X, Tang Z, Zhang B, Luo Y, Li C, Jin M, Chen X, Li J, Shi Y, Sun Y, Guo L. Long-term effects on liver metabolism induced by ceftriaxone sodium pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122238. [PMID: 37506808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Ceftriaxone is an emerging contaminant due to its potential harm, while its effects on liver are still need to be clarified. In this study, we first pretreated the 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice with high dose ceftriaxone sodium (Cef, 400 mg/mL, 0.2 mL per dose) for 8 days to prepare a gut dysbiosis model, then treated with normal feed for a two-month recovery period, and applied non-targeted metabolomics (including lipidomics) to investigate the variations of fecal and liver metabolome, and coupled with targeted determination of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs). Lastly, the correlations and mediation analysis between the liver metabolism and gut metabolism/microbes were carried, and the potential mechanisms of the mal-effects on gut-liver axis induced by Cef pretreatment were accordingly discussed. Compared to the control group, Cef pretreatment reduced the rate of weight gain and hepatosomatic index, induced bile duct epithelial cells proliferated around the central vein and appearance of binucleated hepatocytes, decreased the ratio of total branching chains amino acids (BCAAs) to total aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in liver metabolome. In fecal metabolome, the total fecal SCFAs and BAs did not change significantly while butyric acid decreased and the primary BAs increased after Cef pretreatment. Correlation and mediation analysis revealed one potential mechanism that Cef may first change the intestinal microbiota (such as destroying its normal structure, reducing its abundance and the stability of the microbial network or certain microbe abundance like Alistipes), and then change the intestinal metabolism (such as acetate, caproate, propionate), leading to liver metabolic disorder (such as spermidine, inosine, cinnamaldehyde). This study proved the possibility of Cef-induced liver damage, displayed the overall metabolic profile of the liver following Cef pretreatment and provided a theoretical framework for further research into the mechanism of Cef-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengze Lai
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zeli Tang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Guangzhou Liwan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengji Li
- Yunfu Disease Control and Prevention Center, Guang Dong Province, China
| | - Mengcheng Jin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yinying Shi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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186
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Xiang X, Chen J, Zhu M, Gao H, Liu X, Wang Q. Multiomics Revealed the Multi-Dimensional Effects of Late Sleep on Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Children in Northwest China. Nutrients 2023; 15:4315. [PMID: 37892391 PMCID: PMC10609417 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep plays a pivotal role in children's mental and physical development and has been linked to the gut microbiota in animals and adults. However, the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites and the relationship to late bedtimes in children remain unclear. Methods In total, 88 eligible children, aged from 3 to 8 years, were recruited and divided into two groups according to the bedtime collected by designed questionnaires (early, before 22:00: n = 48; late, after 22:00, n = 40). Stools and plasma samples were collected to examine the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites by shotgun metagenomics and metabolomics. Results The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota in children with early bedtime were significantly increased compared with the late ones. Coprococcus, Collinsella, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis were significantly more abundant in children with early bedtime, while Bacteroides and Clostridium sp. CAG-253 were obviously enriched in the late ones. A total of 106 metabolic pathways, including biosynthesis of ribonucleotide, peptidoglycan, and amino acids, and starch degradation were enriched in children with early bedtime, while 42 pathways were abundant in those with late bedtime. Notably, more gut microbial metabolites were observed in children with late bedtime, which included aldehyde, ketones, esters, amino acids and their metabolites, benzene and substituted derivatives, bile acids, heterocyclic compounds, nucleotide and metabolites, organic acid and derivatives, sugars and acyl carnitine. In plasma, fatty amides, lipids, amino acids, metabolites, hormones, and related compounds were enriched in children with early bedtime, while bile acids were higher in children with late bedtime. Association studies revealed that the different microbial species were correlated with metabolites from gut microbiota and plasma. Conclusions The results of our study revealed that the gut microbiota diversity and richness, and metabolic pathways were significantly extensive in children with early bedtime, whereas the gut microbial metabolites were significantly decreased, which might be related to gut microbial differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (X.X.)
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mingyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (X.X.)
| | - Huiyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (X.X.)
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (X.X.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
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187
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Liu X, Qi X, Han R, Mao T, Tian Z. Gut microbiota causally affects cholelithiasis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1253447. [PMID: 37876873 PMCID: PMC10591199 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1253447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota is closely linked to cholesterol metabolism-related diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. However, whether gut microbiota plays a causal role in cholelithiasis remains unclear. Aims This study explored the causal relationship between gut microbiota and cholelithiasis. We hypothesize that the gut microbiota influences cholelithiasis development. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization method was combined with STRING analysis to test this hypothesis. Summary data on gut microbiota and cholelithiasis were obtained from the MiBioGen (n=13,266) and FinnGen R8 consortia (n=334,367), respectively. Results Clostridium senegalense, Coprococcus3, and Lentisphaerae increased the risk of cholelithiasis and expressed more bile salt hydrolases. In contrast, Holdemania, Lachnospiraceae UCG010, and Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 weakly expressed bile salt hydrolases and were implied to have a protective effect against cholelithiasis by Mendelian randomization analysis. Conclusion Gut microbiota causally influences cholelithiasis and may be related to bile salt hydrolases. This work improves our understanding of cholelithiasis causality to facilitate the development of treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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188
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Li Y, Xu S, Wang L, Shi H, Wang H, Fang Z, Hu Y, Jin J, Du Y, Deng M, Wang L, Zhu Z. Gut microbial genetic variation modulates host lifespan, sleep, and motor performance. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:1733-1740. [PMID: 37550381 PMCID: PMC10504343 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that gut microorganisms can modulate host lifespan and activities, including sleep quality and motor performance. However, the role of gut microbial genetic variation in regulating host phenotypes remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the links between gut microbial genetic variation and host phenotypes using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster as research models. Our result suggested a novel role for peroxisome-related genes in yeast in regulating host lifespan and activities by modulating gut oxidative stress. Specifically, we found that deficiency in catalase A (CTA1) in yeast reduced both the sleep duration and lifespan of fruit flies significantly. Furthermore, our research also expanded our understanding of the relationship between sleep and longevity. Using a large sample size and excluding individual genetic background differences, we found that lifespan is associated with sleep duration, but not sleep fragmentation or motor performance. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the role of gut microbial genetic variation in regulating host phenotypes and offers potential new avenues for improving health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Simin Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Liying Wang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Shi
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Han Wang
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Fang
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yufan Hu
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Jin
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yujie Du
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengqiong Deng
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
- The Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
| | - Zuobin Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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189
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Zhao X, Stein KR, Chen V, Griffin ME, Lairson LL, Hang HC. Chemoproteomics reveals microbiota-derived aromatic monoamine agonists for GPRC5A. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1205-1214. [PMID: 37248411 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota generates diverse metabolites to modulate host physiology and disease, but their protein targets and mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. To address this challenge, we explored microbiota-derived indole metabolites and developed photoaffinity chemical reporters for proteomic studies. We identified many potential indole metabolite-interacting proteins, including metabolic enzymes, transporters, immune sensors and G protein-coupled receptors. Notably, we discovered that aromatic monoamines can bind the orphan receptor GPRC5A and stimulate β-arrestin recruitment. Metabolomic and functional profiling also revealed specific amino acid decarboxylase-expressing microbiota species that produce aromatic monoamine agonists for GPRC5A-β-arrestin recruitment. Our analysis of synthetic aromatic monoamine derivatives identified 7-fluorotryptamine as a more potent agonist of GPRC5A. These results highlight the utility of chemoproteomics to identify microbiota metabolite-interacting proteins and the development of small-molecule agonists for orphan receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn R Stein
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victor Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Matthew E Griffin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luke L Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Howard C Hang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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190
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Zhou J, Fan Q, Cai X, Zhang Y, Hou Y, Cao S, Li Z, Feng M, Wang Q, Zhang J, Wang G, Zheng X, Hao H. Ginkgo biloba extract protects against depression-like behavior in mice through regulating gut microbial bile acid metabolism. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:745-758. [PMID: 37879793 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60496-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a mental disorder with high morbidity, disability and relapse rates. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), a traditional Chinese medicine, has a long history of clinical application in the treatment of cerebral and mental disorders, but the key mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here we showed that GEB exerted anti-depressant effect in mice through regulating gut microbial metabolism. GBE protected against unpredictable mild stress (UMS)-induced despair, anxiety-like and social avoidance behavior in mice without sufficient brain distribution. Fecal microbiome transplantation transmitted, while antibiotic cocktail abrogated the protective effect of GBE. Spatiotemporal bacterial profiling and metabolomics assay revealed a potential involvement of Parasutterella excrementihominis and the bile acid metabolite ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the effect of GBE. UDCA administration induced depression-like behavior in mice. Together, these findings suggest that GBE acts on gut microbiome-modulated bile acid metabolism to alleviate stress-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qilin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Youying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanlong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengzhen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- WanBangDe Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Wenlin 317500, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- WanBangDe Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Wenlin 317500, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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191
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Choi SI, Kim N, Nam RH, Jang JY, Kim EH, Ha S, Kang K, Lee W, Choi H, Kim YR, Seok YJ, Shin CM, Lee DH. The Protective Effect of Roseburia faecis Against Repeated Water Avoidance Stress-induced Irritable Bowel Syndrome in a Wister Rat Model. J Cancer Prev 2023; 28:93-105. [PMID: 37830115 PMCID: PMC10564633 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2023.28.3.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Roseburia faecis, a butyrate-producing, gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, was evaluated for its usefulness against repeated water avoidance stress (WAS)-induced irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a rat model, and the underlying mechanism was explored. We divided the subjects into three groups: one without stress exposure, another subjected to daily 1-hour WAS for 10 days, and a third exposed to the same WAS regimen while also receiving two different R. faecis strains (BBH024 or R22-12-24) via oral gavage for the same 10-day duration. Fecal pellet output (FPO), a toluidine blue assay for mast cell infiltration, and fecal microbiota analyses were conducted using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. Predictive functional profiling of microbial communities in metabolism was also conducted. FPO and colonic mucosal mast cell counts were significantly higher in the WAS group than in the control group (male, P = 0.004; female, P = 0.027). The administration of both BBH024 (male, P = 0.015; female, P = 0.022) and R22-12-24 (male, P = 0.003; female, P = 0.040) significantly reduced FPO. Submucosal mast cell infiltration in the colon showed a similar pattern in males. In case of fecal microbiota, the WAS with R. faecis group showed increased abundance of the Roseburia genus compared to WAS alone. Moreover, the expression of a gene encoding a D-methionine transport system substrate-binding protein was significantly elevated in the WAS with R. faecis group compared to that in the WAS (male, P = 0.028; female, P = 0.025) group. These results indicate that R. faecis is a useful probiotic for treating IBS and colonic microinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - SungChan Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | - HyeLim Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ran Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong-Jae Seok
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Enriquez AB, Ten Caten F, Ghneim K, Sekaly RP, Sharma AA. Regulation of Immune Homeostasis, Inflammation, and HIV Persistence by the Microbiome, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Bile Acids. Annu Rev Virol 2023; 10:397-422. [PMID: 37774124 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-040323-082822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) continue to experience chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, which drives the persistence of latent HIV and prevalence of clinical comorbidities. Elucidating the mechanisms that lead to suboptimal immunity is necessary for developing therapeutics that improve the quality of life of PLWH. Although previous studies have found associations between gut dysbiosis and immune dysfunction, the cellular/molecular cascades implicated in the manifestation of aberrant immune responses downstream of microbial perturbations in PLWH are incompletely understood. Recent literature has highlighted that two abundant metabolite families, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs), play a crucial role in shaping immunity. These metabolites can be produced and/or modified by bacterial species that make up the gut microbiota and may serve as the causal link between changes to the gut microbiome, chronic inflammation, and immune dysfunction in PLWH. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of the microbiome on HIV acquisition and latent HIV persistence despite ART. Further, we describe cellular/molecular cascades downstream of SCFAs and BAs that drive innate or adaptive immune responses responsible for promoting latent HIV persistence in PLWH. This knowledge can be used to advance HIV cure efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Enriquez
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
| | - Felipe Ten Caten
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
| | - Khader Ghneim
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sekaly
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
| | - Ashish Arunkumar Sharma
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
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193
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Yang Q, Wu Z. Gut Probiotics and Health of Dogs and Cats: Benefits, Applications, and Underlying Mechanisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2452. [PMID: 37894110 PMCID: PMC10609632 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pets (mostly domestic dogs and cats) play an important role in the daily lives of humans and their health has attracted growing attention from pet owners. The intestinal microbiota, a complex microbial community with barrier-protective, nutritional, metabolic, and immunological functions, is integral to host health. Dysbiosis has been related to a variety of diseases in humans and animals. Probiotics have been used in functional foods and dietary supplements to modulate intestinal microbiota and promote host health, which has been introduced in pet dogs and cats in recent years. Various canine- and feline-derived probiotic strains have been isolated and characterized. The administration of probiotics has shown positive effects on the gut health and can alleviate some intestinal diseases and disorders in dogs and cats, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unresolved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the benefits of probiotics and discuss their possible mechanisms in dogs and cats in order to provide new insights for the further development and application of probiotics in pets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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194
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Boesch M, Baty F, Rassouli F, Kowatsch T, Joerger M, Früh M, Brutsche MH. Non-pharmaceutical interventions to optimize cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2255459. [PMID: 37791231 PMCID: PMC10543347 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2255459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional picture of cancer patients as weak individuals requiring maximum rest and protection is beginning to dissolve. Too much focus on the medical side and one's own vulnerability and mortality might be counterproductive and not doing justice to the complexity of human nature. Unlike cytotoxic and lympho-depleting treatments, immune-engaging therapies strengthen the immune system and are typically less harmful for patients. Thus, cancer patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors are not viewed as being vulnerable per se, at least not in immunological and physical terms. This perspective article advocates a holistic approach to cancer immunotherapy, with an empowered patient in the center, focusing on personal resources and receiving domain-specific support from healthcare professionals. It summarizes recent evidence on non-pharmaceutical interventions to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade and improve quality of life. These interventions target behavioral factors such as diet, physical activity, stress management, circadian timing of checkpoint inhibitor infusion, and waiving unnecessary co-medication curtailing immunotherapy efficacy. Non-pharmaceutical interventions are universally accessible, broadly applicable, instantly actionable, scalable, and economically sustainable, creating value for all stakeholders involved. Most importantly, this holistic framework re-emphasizes the patient as a whole and harnesses the full potential of anticancer immunity and checkpoint blockade, potentially leading to survival benefits. Digital therapeutics are proposed to accompany the patients on their mission toward change in lifestyle-related behaviors for creating optimal conditions for treatment efficacy and personal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Baty
- Lung Center, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rassouli
- Lung Center, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kowatsch
- Institute for Implementation Science in Health Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Medicine, University of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Department of Technology, Management, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Früh
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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195
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Mendez-Sanchez N, Coronel-Castillo CE, Cordova-Gallardo J, Qi X. Antibiotics in Chronic Liver Disease and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1475. [PMID: 37887176 PMCID: PMC10603944 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairments in liver function lead to different complications. As chronic liver disease progresses (CLD), hypoalbuminemia and alterations in bile acid compositions lead to changes in gut microbiota and, therefore, in the host-microbiome interaction, leading to a proinflammatory state. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and permeability, known as gut dysbiosis, have important implications in CLD; alterations in the gut-liver axis are a consequence of liver disease, but also a cause of CLD. Furthermore, gut dysbiosis plays an important role in the progression of liver cirrhosis and decompensation, particularly with complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In relation to this, antibiotics play an important role in treating CLD. While certain antibiotics have specific indications, others have been subjected to continued study to determine whether or not they have a modulatory effect on gut microbiota. In contrast, the rational use of antibiotics is important, not only because of their disrupting effects on gut microbiota, but also in the context of multidrug-resistant organisms. The aim of this review is to illustrate the role of gut microbiota alterations in CLD, the use and impact of antibiotics in liver cirrhosis, and their harmful and beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Mendez-Sanchez
- Unit Liver Research, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Jacqueline Cordova-Gallardo
- Department of Hepatology, Service of Surgery and Obesity Clinic, General Hospital “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Xingshun Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, China
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196
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Long J, Gong J, Zhu H, Liu X, Li L, Chen B, Ren H, Liu C, Lu H, Zhang J, Wang B. Difference of gut microbiota between patients with negative and positive HBeAg in chronic hepatitis B and the effect of tenofovir alafenamide on intestinal flora. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1232180. [PMID: 37799607 PMCID: PMC10548823 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1232180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe liver diseases, such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, are mainly caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study investigated the differences between gut microbiota in HBeAg-positive and negative groups of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and investigated the effect of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) on gut microbiota. Methods This prospective study included patients with CHB not taking nucleoside antivirals (No-NAs group, n = 95) and those taking TAF (TAF group, n = 60). We divided CHB patients into two groups according to the HBeAg status of the subjects on the day of data collection. Phase 1 are HBeAg-negative patients and phase 2 are HBeAg-positive patients. We investigated the improvement of clinical symptoms by TAF, as well as differences in gut microbiota between different groups by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results Gut microbiota demonstrated significant differences between patients with HBeAg-positive and -negative CHB. Both the No-NAs and TAF Phase 2 subgroups demonstrated significantly increased microbiota richness and diversity, showing greater heterogeneity. Additionally, the Phase 2 subgroup exhibited a low abundance of pathways associated with glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The TAF group demonstrated a significantly decreased HBV load, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase and a significant increase in prealbumin compared with the No-NAs group. No significant difference was found in uric acid, creatinine, blood calcium, inorganic phosphorus, eGFR, and β2-microglobulin concentrations between the two groups. Additionally, the urea level in the TAF group was significantly lower than that in the No-NAs group, but with no significant effect on other indicators such as eGFR and β2-microglobulin. Conclusion This study revealed significant differences in gut microbiota composition and function between patients with HBeAg-positive and -negative CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingru Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bicui Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/MOH), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jing’An Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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197
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Bubeck AM, Urbain P, Horn C, Jung AS, Ferrari L, Ruple HK, Podlesny D, Zorn S, Laupsa-Borge J, Jensen C, Lindseth I, Lied GA, Dierkes J, Mellgren G, Bertz H, Matysik S, Krautbauer S, Liebisch G, Schoett HF, Dankel SN, Fricke WF. High-fat diet impact on intestinal cholesterol conversion by the microbiota and serum cholesterol levels. iScience 2023; 26:107697. [PMID: 37694136 PMCID: PMC10485154 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-to-coprostanol conversion by the intestinal microbiota has been suggested to reduce intestinal and serum cholesterol availability, but the relationship between intestinal cholesterol conversion and the gut microbiota, dietary habits, and serum lipids has not been characterized in detail. We measured conserved proportions of cholesterol high and low-converter types in individuals with and without obesity from two distinct, independent low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) dietary intervention studies. Across both cohorts, cholesterol conversion increased in previous low-converters after LCHF diet and was positively correlated with the fecal relative abundance of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes. Lean cholesterol high-converters had increased serum triacylglycerides and decreased HDL-C levels before LCHF diet and responded to the intervention with increased LDL-C, independently of fat, cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid intake. Our findings identify the cholesterol high-converter type as a microbiome marker, which in metabolically healthy lean individuals is associated with increased LDL-C in response to LCHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena M. Bubeck
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Paul Urbain
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cathrine Horn
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anna S. Jung
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lisa Ferrari
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hannah K. Ruple
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniel Podlesny
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefanie Zorn
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johnny Laupsa-Borge
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Caroline Jensen
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Gülen Arslan Lied
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jutta Dierkes
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hartmut Bertz
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Matysik
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Krautbauer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Frieder Schoett
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon N. Dankel
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - W. Florian Fricke
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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198
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Liu L, Deng L, Wei W, Li C, Lu Y, Bai J, Li L, Zhang H, Jin N, Li C, Zhao C. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LPJZ-658 Improves Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Modulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13997. [PMID: 37762300 PMCID: PMC10531215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide; it is characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis. Here, a Western diet combined with low-dose weekly carbon tetrachloride was fed to C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks to build a NASH model to investigate the attenuating effects and possible mechanisms of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LPJZ-658. Hepatic pathology, lipid profiles, and gene expression were assessed. The metabolomic profiling of the serum was performed. The composition structure of gut microbiota was profiled using 16s rRNA sequencing. The results show that LPJZ-658 treatment significantly attenuated liver injury, steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation in NASH mice. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that several pathways, such as purine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis, were associated with NASH. Notably, we found that treatment with LPJZ-658 regulated the levels of bile acids (BAs) in the serum. Moreover, LPJZ-658 restored NASH-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. The correlation analysis deduced obvious interactions between BAs and gut microbiota. The current study indicates that LPJZ-658 supplementation protects against NASH progression, which is accompanied by alternating BA metabolic and modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liquan Deng
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China;
| | - Chunhua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuting Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jieying Bai
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Letian Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (L.L.); (N.J.)
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (L.L.); (N.J.)
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (L.L.); (N.J.)
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
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199
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Han K, Feng G, Li T, Wan Z, Zhao W, Yang X. Extension Region Domain of Soybean 7S Globulin Contributes to Serum Triglyceride-Lowering Effect via Modulation of Bile Acids Homeostasis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200883. [PMID: 37423975 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Soybean 7S globulin (β-conglycinin), a major soybean storage protein, has been demonstrated to exert remarkable triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol-lowering effects, yet the underlying mechanism remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS A comparative investigation is performed to assess the contribution of different structural domains of soybean 7S globulin, including core region (CR) and extension region (ER) domains, to biological effects of soybean 7S globulin using a high-fat diet rat model. The results show that ER domain mainly contributes to the serum TG-lowering effect of soybean 7S globulin, but not for CR domain. Metabolomics analysis reveals that oral administration of ER peptides obviously influences the metabolic profiling of serum bile acids (BAs), as well as significantly increased the fecal excretion of total BAs. Meanwhile, ER peptides supplementation reshapes the composition of gut microbiota and impacts the gut microbiota-dependent biotransformation of BAs which indicate by a significantly increased secondary BAs concentration in fecal samples. These results highlight that TG-lowering effects of ER peptides mainly stem from their modulation of BAs homeostasis. CONCLUSION Oral administration of ER peptides can effectively lower serum TG level by regulating BAs metabolism. ER peptides have potential to be used as a candidate pharmaceutical for the intervention of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Han
- Laboratory of Food Proteins and Colloids, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangxin Feng
- Laboratory of Food Proteins and Colloids, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tanghao Li
- Laboratory of Food Proteins and Colloids, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Wan
- Laboratory of Food Proteins and Colloids, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoquan Yang
- Laboratory of Food Proteins and Colloids, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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200
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Xu F, Yu Z, Liu Y, Du T, Yu L, Tian F, Chen W, Zhai Q. A High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet Promotes Intestinal Inflammation by Exacerbating Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Bile Acid Disorders in Cholecystectomy. Nutrients 2023; 15:3829. [PMID: 37686860 PMCID: PMC10489946 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with post-cholecystectomy (PC) often experience adverse gastrointestinal conditions, such as PC syndrome, colorectal cancer (CRC), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), that accumulate over time. An epidemiological survey further revealed that the risk of cholecystectomy is associated with high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) dietary intake. Mounting evidence suggests that cholecystectomy is associated with disrupted gut microbial homeostasis and dysregulated bile acids (BAs) metabolism. However, the effect of an HFHC diet on gastrointestinal complications after cholecystectomy has not been elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of an HFHC diet after cholecystectomy on the gut microbiota-BA metabolic axis and elucidate the association between this alteration and the development of intestinal inflammation. In this study, a mice cholecystectomy model was established, and the levels of IL-Iβ, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the colon were increased in mice fed an HFHC diet for 6 weeks. Analysis of fecal BA metabolism showed that an HFHC diet after cholecystectomy altered the rhythm of the BA metabolism by upregulating liver CPY7A1, CYP8B1, and BSEP and ileal ASBT mRNA expression levels, resulting in increased fecal BA levels. In addition, feeding an HFHC diet after cholecystectomy caused a significant dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which was characterized by the enrichment of the metabolic microbiota involved in BAs; the abundance of pro-inflammatory gut microbiota and related pro-inflammatory metabolite levels was also significantly higher. In contrast, the abundance of major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria significantly decreased. Overall, our study suggests that an HFHC diet after cholecystectomy promotes intestinal inflammation by exacerbating the gut microbiome and BA metabolism dysbiosis in cholecystectomy. Our study also provides useful insights into the maintenance of intestinal health after cholecystectomy through dietary or probiotic intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- Wuxi People’s Hospital Afliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China;
| | - Yaru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.X.); (Y.L.); (T.D.); (L.Y.); (F.T.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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