151
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Deshpande S, Abdollahi M, Wang M, Lanting L, Kato M, Natarajan R. Reduced Autophagy by a microRNA-mediated Signaling Cascade in Diabetes-induced Renal Glomerular Hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6954. [PMID: 29725042 PMCID: PMC5934412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a key role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, however its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and particularly in kidney glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) is not very clear. Transforming Growth Factor- β1 (TGF-β), a key player in the pathogenesis of DN, regulates expression of various microRNAs (miRNAs), some of which are known to regulate the expression of autophagy genes. Here we demonstrate that miR-192, induced by TGF-β signaling, plays an important role in regulating autophagy in DN. The expression of key autophagy genes was decreased in kidneys of streptozotocin-injected type-1 and type-2 (db/db) diabetic mice and this was reversed by treatment with Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) modified miR-192 inhibitors. Changes in autophagy gene expression were also attenuated in kidneys of diabetic miR-192-KO mice. In vitro studies using mouse glomerular mesangial cells (MMCs) also showed a decrease in autophagy gene expression with TGF-β treatment. miR-192 mimic oligonucleotides also decreased the expression of certain autophagy genes. These results demonstrate that TGF-β and miR-192 decrease autophagy in MMCs under diabetic conditions and this can be reversed by inhibition or deletion of miR-192, further supporting miR-192 as a useful therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Deshpande
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Linda Lanting
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Mitsuo Kato
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA.
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA.
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152
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Vaishya S, Sarwade RD, Seshadri V. MicroRNA, Proteins, and Metabolites as Novel Biomarkers for Prediabetes, Diabetes, and Related Complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:180. [PMID: 29740397 PMCID: PMC5925339 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is no more a lifestyle disease of developed countries. It has emerged as a major health problem worldwide including developing countries. However, how diabetes could be detected at an early stage (prediabetes) to prevent the progression of disease is still unclear. Currently used biomarkers like glycated hemoglobin and assessment of blood glucose level have their own limitations. These classical markers can be detected when the disease is already established. Prognosis of disease at early stages and prediction of population at a higher risk require identification of specific markers that are sensitive enough to be detected at early stages of disease. Biomarkers which could predict the risk of disease in people will be useful for developing preventive/proactive therapies to those individuals who are at a higher risk of developing the disease. Recent studies suggested that the expression of biomolecules including microRNAs, proteins, and metabolites specifically change during the progression of T2DM and related complications, suggestive of disease pathology. Owing to their omnipresence in body fluids and their association with onset, progression, and pathogenesis of T2DM, these biomolecules can be potential biomarker for prognosis, diagnosis, and management of disease. In this article, we summarize biomolecules that could be potential biomarkers and their signature changes associated with T2DM and related complications during disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rucha D. Sarwade
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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153
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Taheri S, Asim M, Al Malki H, Fituri O, Suthanthiran M, August P. Intervention using vitamin D for elevated urinary albumin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (IDEAL-2 Study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:230. [PMID: 29665833 PMCID: PMC5905112 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. T2DM is associated with serious macro- and microvascular complications. In particular, diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which begins with excessive urinary albumin excretion, has a significant impact on affected individuals and is costly to healthcare services. Inhibition of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) significantly reduces albuminuria in diabetes, but this effect is not observed in all those treated. Active vitamin D analogues have been observed to be reno-protective through inhibition of RAAS in animal and human studies. Therefore, it can be hypothesised that an active vitamin D analogue will have an additional benefit to ACEI/ARB treatment for albuminuria reduction in DKD. Methods The planned study is an ongoing non-blinded randomised controlled parallel-group trial examining the impact, in individuals with T2DM, of the addition of bioactive vitamin D (calcitriol) to RAAS inhibition treatment using ACI or ARB on urinary albumin excretion over a period of 26 weeks. The primary outcome measure is the urinary albumin creatinine ratio. It is planned for the study to recruit 320 participants. Other outcome measures of interest include 24-h urine albumin (24 h UA) excretion, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood pressure and quality of life. Safety will be assessed throughout. Discussion If the addition of calcitriol to RAAS inhibition with ACEI or ARB safely results in a significant reduction in albuminuria, the study adds to the body of evidence supporting a role for vitamin D in reno-protection, will inform clinical practice and could result in significant reduction of healthcare costs associated with DKD. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN86739609. Registered on 7 June 2017. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03216564. Registered on 13 July 2017. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2616-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrad Taheri
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar. .,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York, New York, USA. .,Clinical Research Core, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar. .,Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar Metabolic Institute (QMI), Doha, Qatar.
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Department of Nephrology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al Malki
- Department of Nephrology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar Fituri
- Department of Nephrology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manikkam Suthanthiran
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York, New York, USA
| | - Phyllis August
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York, New York, USA
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154
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Zhang C, Liang S, Cheng S, Li W, Wang X, Zheng C, Zeng C, Shi S, Xie L, Zen K, Liu Z. Urinary miR-196a predicts disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Transl Med 2018; 16:91. [PMID: 29636065 PMCID: PMC5894160 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Urinary miRNAs may potentially serve as noninvasive biomarkers in various kidney diseases to reflect disease activity, severity and progression, especially those correlated with the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. This study demonstrates that urinary miR-196a, a kidney-enriched miRNA, can predict progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) cohorts were used as the representative example of CKD. First, correlation of miR-196a with disease activity was analyzed using paired urine and plasma samples from FSGS patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria (FSGS-A), complete remission (FSGS-CR) and normal controls (NCs). Then, the value of urinary miR-196a in predicting disease progression was validated using another cohort of 231 FSGS patients who were followed-up until over 36 months or reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD). MiR-196a levels were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results The results showed that urinary miR-196a significantly increased in FSGS-A compared with FSGS-CR and NCs, clearly distinguishing FSGS-A from FSGS-CR and NCs, whereas plasma miR-196a showed no difference among these groups. Moreover, urinary miR-196a, which was associated with proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, significantly increased in patients progressed to ESRD compared to those not. Furthermore, patients with higher urinary miR-196a displayed poorer renal survival than those with lower urinary miR-196a. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed urinary miR-196a as an independent risk factor for FSGS progression after adjusting for age, sex, proteinuria and eGFR. Prediction accuracy of ESRD was significantly improved by combining urinary miR-196a with other indicators including eGFR and proteinuria. Conclusion Urinary miR-196a may serve as a biomarker for predicting CKD progression Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1470-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoshan Liang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuiqin Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Research Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxia Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caihong Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Research Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Zen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University School of Life Sciences, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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155
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Wu S, Wang J, Li F. Dysregulation of PTEN caused by the underexpression of microRNA‑130b is associated with the severity of lupus nephritis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7966-7972. [PMID: 29620214 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several reports in the literature regarding microRNA (miR)‑130b. It has been reported that miR‑130b is involved in several diseases. The present study aimed to understand the association between the levels of miR‑130b and lupus nephritis in patients. A total of 61 blood samples were collected and the expression level of miR‑130b was determined. The online miRNA database was then searched using the 'seed sequence' located within the 3'‑untranslated region of the target gene. Linear analysis and a luciferase assay were performed to understand the regulatory association between miR‑130b and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). In addition, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN among individuals with lupus nephritis (n=28) and those without lupus nephritis (n=31), and in mesangial cells treated with scramble control, miR‑130b mimics, PTEN small interfering (si)RNA and miR‑130b inhibitors. In addition mesangial cells were treated with scramble control, miR‑130b mimics, PTEN siRNA and miR‑130b inhibitors to investigate the affect of miR‑130b and PTEN on the viability and apoptosis of mesangial cells. The results demonstrated that miR‑130b was downregulated in the hormone‑resistant group of lupus nephritis patients. PTEN was a virtual target of miR‑130b. There was a negative regulatory association between miR‑130b and PTEN. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN were increased in the hormone‑resistant group. miR‑130b decreased the expression of PTEN. miR‑130b negatively interfered with the viability of mesangial cells and PTEN positively interfered with the viability of mesangial cells. miR‑130b accelerated apoptosis and PTEN inhibited apoptosis. Taken together, the results showed that miR‑130b was upregulated in the lupus nephritis group. PTEN was a virtual target of miR‑130b, and there was a negative regulatory association between miR‑130b and PTEN. miR‑130b and PTEN interfered with the viability and apoptosis of the mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Wu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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156
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Ning YX, Wang XY, Wang JQ, Zeng R, Wang GQ. miR‑152 regulates TGF‑β1‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by targeting HPIP in tubular epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7973-7979. [PMID: 29620271 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature of chronic kidney diseases, and their development and progression are influenced by epigenetic modifications including aberrant microRNA (miRNA or miR) expression. miRNAs have been demonstrated to modulate the aggressiveness of various cancers and have emerged as possible therapeutic agents for the management of renal fibrosis. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‑β1)‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tubular epithelial cells serves a role in the initiation and progression of renal fibrosis. Furthermore, recent results indicated that the progression of EMT is reversible. The present study aimed to clarify the role of miR‑152 in EMT of the tubular epithelial cell line HK‑2, stimulated by TGF‑β1, using in vitro transfection with a miR‑152 mimic and to further investigate the underlying mechanism of miR‑152 activity. In the present study, miR‑152 expression was significantly reduced in TGF‑β1‑treated HK‑2 cells, accompanied by an increased expression of hematopoietic pre‑B‑cell leukemia transcription factor (PBX)‑interacting protein (HPIP). Additionally, miR‑152 overexpression inhibited TGF‑β1‑induced EMT and suppressed HPIP expression by directly targeting the 3' untranslated region of HPIP in HK‑2 cells. Furthermore, upregulation of HPIP reversed miR‑152‑mediated inhibitory effects on the EMT. Collectively, the results suggest that downregulation of miR‑152 initiates the dedifferentiation of renal tubules and progression of renal fibrosis, which may provide important targets for prevention strategies of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xian Ning
- Department of Nephrology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Qin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Gou-Qin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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157
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Benway CJ, Iacomini J. Defining a microRNA-mRNA interaction map for calcineurin inhibitor induced nephrotoxicity. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:796-809. [PMID: 28925592 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitors induce nephrotoxicity through poorly understood mechanisms thereby limiting their use in transplantation and other diseases. Here we define a microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) interaction map that facilitates exploration into the role of miRNAs in cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) and the gene pathways they regulate. Using photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP), we isolated RNAs associated with Argonaute 2 in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) of cyclosporine A (CsA) treated and control human proximal tubule cells and identified mRNAs undergoing active targeting by miRNAs. CsA causes specific changes in miRNAs and mRNAs associated with RISC, thereby altering post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Pathway enrichment analysis identified canonical pathways regulated by miRNAs specifically following CsA treatment. RNA-seq performed on total RNA indicated that only a fraction of total miRNAs and mRNAs are actively targeted in the RISC, indicating that PAR-CLIP more accurately defines meaningful targeting interactions. Our data also revealed a role for miRNAs in calcineurin-independent regulation of JNK and p38 MAPKs caused by targeting of MAP3K1. Together, our data provide a novel resource and unique insights into molecular pathways regulated by miRNAs in CIN. The gene pathways and miRNAs defined may represent novel targets to reduce calcineurin induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Benway
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Iacomini
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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158
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Ma J, Zhang L, Hao J, Li N, Tang J, Hao L. Up-regulation of microRNA-93 inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis by down-regulation of Orai1. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 136:218-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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159
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Qian X, Tan J, Liu L, Chen S, You N, Yong H, Pan M, You Q, Ding D, Lu Y. MicroRNA-134-5p promotes high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis by targeting bcl-2. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:989-997. [PMID: 29636888 PMCID: PMC5883139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte apoptosis is a typical early feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN), with loss of nephrin integrity contributing to increased proteinuria in patients with DN. Emerging evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of DN. Thus, we aimed to further elucidate the role of miRNAs in podocyte apoptosis in DN. We used db/db and db/m mice maintained under a continuous feeding regime for 12 weeks. Using microarray analysis, we found several miRNAs potentially related to podocyte apoptosis. In addition, we cultured a conditionally immortalized human podocyte cell line in 30 mM D-glucose and found that miR-134-5p was upregulated in both db/db mice and high-glucose (HG)-treated podocytes. Upregulation of miR-134-5p was accompanied by podocyte apoptosis and downregulation of nephrin. Inhibition of miR-134-5p produced the opposite effect. Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-134-5p directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region of the B-cell lymphoma-2 gene (BCL2), and further study confirmed an increase in bcl-2 protein level in HG-treated podocytes transfected with anti-miR-134-5p. Knockdown of BCL2 impeded the antiapoptotic effect of anti-miR-134-5p. Finally, we found that miR-134-5p might regulate apoptosis in db/db mice and podocytes by targeting BCL2. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-134-5p promotes podocyte apoptosis under HG conditions by targeting BCL2. Our study provides a meaningful approach to interpret the mechanisms of action of miRNAs involved in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
- Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Gerontology, Huai’an First People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityHuai’an 223300, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
- Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Na You
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Huijuan Yong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Minglin Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Qiang You
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Dafa Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
| | - Yibing Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000, China
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160
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Update of pathophysiology and management of diabetic kidney disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:662-675. [PMID: 29486908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the world. The most characteristic marker of DKD is albuminuria, which is associated with renal disease progression and cardiovascular events. Renal hemodynamics changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, hypoxia and overactive renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD, and renal fibrosis plays the key role. Intensified multifactorial interventions, including RAAS blockades, blood pressure and glucose control, and quitting smoking, help to prevent DKD development and progression. In recent years, novel agents are applied for preventing DKD development and progression, including new types of glucose-lowering agents, pentoxifylline, vitamin D analog paricalcitol, pyridoxamine, ruboxistaurin, soludexide, Janus kinase inhibitors and nonsteroidal minerocorticoid receptor antagonists. In this review, recent large studies about DKD are also summarized.
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161
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus induces structural changes and molecular remodelling in the rat kidney. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 449:9-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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162
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Zhang W, Xu J, Qiu J, Xing C, Li X, Leng B, Su Y, Lin J, Lin J, Mei X, Huang Y, Pan Y, Xue Y. Novel and rapid osteoporosis model established in zebrafish using high iron stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:654-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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163
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Maity S, Bera A, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Das F, Kasinath BS, Choudhury GG. microRNA-181a downregulates deptor for TGFβ-induced glomerular mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein expression. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:5-15. [PMID: 29397070 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TGFβ contributes to mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein increase in various kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy. Deptor is an mTOR-interacting protein and suppresses mTORC1 and mTORC2 activities. We have recently shown that TGFβ-induced inhibition of deptor increases the mTOR activity. The mechanism by which TGFβ regulates deptor expression is not known. Here we identify deptor as a target of the microRNA-181a. We show that in mesangial cells, TGFβ increases the expression of miR-181a to downregulate deptor. Decrease in deptor augments mTORC2 activity, resulting in phosphorylation/activation of Akt kinase. Akt promotes inactivating phosphorylation of PRAS40 and tuberin, leading to stimulation of mTORC1. miR-181a-mimic increased mTORC1 and C2 activities, while anti-miR-181a inhibited them. mTORC1 controls protein synthesis via phosphorylation of translation initiation and elongation suppressors 4EBP-1 and eEF2 kinase. TGFβ-stimulated miR-181a increased the phosphorylation of 4EBP-1 and eEF2 kinase, resulting in their inactivation. miR-181a-dependent inactivation of eEF2 kinase caused dephosphorylation of eEF2. Consequently, miR-181a-mimic increased protein synthesis and hypertrophy of mesangial cells similar to TGFβ. Anti-miR-181a blocked these events in a deptor-dependent manner. Finally, TGFβ-miR-181a-driven deptor downregulation increased the expression of fibronectin. Our results identify a novel mechanism involving miR-181a-driven deptor downregulation, which contributes to mesangial cell pathologies in renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Maity
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States; Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States.
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164
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Ichii O, Horino T. MicroRNAs associated with the development of kidney diseases in humans and animals. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:23-34. [PMID: 29479137 PMCID: PMC5820100 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2017-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs with approximately 18-25 bases, and their sequences are highly conserved among animals. miRNAs act as posttranscriptional regulators by binding mRNAs, and their main function involves the degradation of their target mRNAs. Recent studies revealed altered expression of miRNAs in the kidneys during the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans and experimental rodent models by using high-throughput screening techniques including microarray and small RNA sequencing. Particularly, miR-21 seems to be strongly associated with renal pathogenesis both in the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium. Furthermore, abundant evidence has been gathered showing the involvement of miRNAs in renal fibrosis. Because of the complex morphofunctional organization of the mammalian kidneys, it is crucial both to determine the exact localization of the kidney cells that express the miRNAs, which has been addressed mainly using in situ hybridization methods, and to identify precisely which mRNAs are bound and degraded by these miRNAs, which has been studied mostly through in vitro analysis. To discover novel biomarker candidates, miRNA levels in urine supernatant, sediment, and exosomal fraction were comprehensively investigated in different types of kidney disease, including drug-induced AKI, ischemia-induced AKI, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA nephropathy. Recent studies also demonstrated the therapeutic effect of miRNA and/or anti-miRNA administrations. The intent of this review is to illustrate the state-of-the-art research in the field of miRNAs associated with renal pathogenesis, especially focusing on AKI and CKD in humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Taro Horino
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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165
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Barutta F, Bellini S, Mastrocola R, Bruno G, Gruden G. MicroRNA and Microvascular Complications of Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:6890501. [PMID: 29707000 PMCID: PMC5863305 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6890501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, miRNAs have received substantial attention as potential players of diabetes microvascular complications, affecting the kidney, the retina, and the peripheral neurons. Compelling evidence indicates that abnormally expressed miRNAs have pivotal roles in key pathogenic processes of microvascular complications, such as fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Moreover, clinical research into innovative both diagnostic and prognostic tools suggests circulating miRNAs as possible novel noninvasive markers of diabetes microvascular complications. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and understanding of the role of miRNAs in the injury to the microvascular bed in diabetes and discuss the potential of miRNAs as clinical biomarkers of diabetes microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Barutta
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S. Bellini
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - R. Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Bruno
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Gruden
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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166
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Wei X, Duan X, Zhou X, Wu J, Xu H, Min X, Ding S. A highly sensitive SPRi biosensing strategy for simultaneous detection of multiplex miRNAs based on strand displacement amplification and AuNP signal enhancement. Analyst 2018; 143:3134-3140. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00549d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a dual channel SPRi biosensor has been developed for the simultaneous and highly sensitive detection of multiplex miRNAs based on SDA and DNA-functionalized AuNP signal enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education)
- College of Laboratory Medicine
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
| | - Xiaolei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education)
- College of Laboratory Medicine
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education)
- College of Laboratory Medicine
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
| | - Jiangling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education)
- College of Laboratory Medicine
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
| | - Hongbing Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine
- The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi, Guizhou 563000
- China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education)
- College of Laboratory Medicine
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- China
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167
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Regazzi R. MicroRNAs as therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 22:153-160. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1420168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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168
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Chen C, Lu C, Qian Y, Li H, Tan Y, Cai L, Weng H. Urinary miR-21 as a potential biomarker of hypertensive kidney injury and fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17737. [PMID: 29255279 PMCID: PMC5735153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney biopsy is considered the golden criterion for diagnosing the etiology of kidney disease but accompanied by non-negligible complications. We explored the possibility of using urinary microRNA (miRNA) as a non-invasive biomarker for hypertensive kidney injury. We assessed differential miRNA expressions in the kidneys and urine of hypertensive mice with kidney injury induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt compared to the controls. DOCA-salt treatment significantly increased renal tubular lesions from day 2 and mRNA expression of fibrosis-related genes from day 4 compared to the controls, respectively. Urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was significantly increased on day 8 compared to the controls. Array results showed that 20 out of 585 miRNAs were highly expressed in the kidneys and significantly increased on day 8 compared to the controls, including miR-21, miR-146b, miR-155 and miR-132, which were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and were significantly higher from day 4. The miR-21/creatinine in the urine from day 4 was significantly higher than that of the controls and was detected earlier than urinary albumin. In conclusion, we have identified urinary miR-21 that correlates with histopathological lesions and functional markers of kidney damage to facilitate a potential noninvasive detection for hypertensive kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Chen
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University-town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaosheng Lu
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University-town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University-town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Huachun Weng
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Pediatrics & Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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169
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Cui C, Cui Y, Fu Y, Ma S, Zhang S. Microarray analysis reveals gene and microRNA signatures in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2161-2168. [PMID: 29207157 PMCID: PMC5783455 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to identify therapeutic gene and microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The public expression profile GSE30122 was used. Following data preprocessing, the limma package was used to select differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in DKD glomeruli samples and tubuli samples and they were compared with corresponding controls. Then overlapping DEGs in glomeruli and tubuli were identified and enriched analysis was performed. In addition, protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network analysis as well as sub‑network analysis was conducted. miRNAs of the overlapping DEGs were investigated using WebGestal. A total of 139 upregulated and 28 downregulated overlapping DEGs were selected, which were primarily associated with pathways involved in extracellular matrix (ECM)‑receptor interactions and cytokine‑cytokine receptor interactions. CD44, fibronectin 1, C‑C motif chemokine ligand 5 and C‑X‑C motif chemokine receptor 4 were four primary nodes in the PPI network. miRNA (miR)‑17‑5p, miR‑20a and miR‑106a were important and nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3), protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type O (PTPRO) and Kruppel like factor 9 (KLF9) were all predicted as target genes of the three miRNAs in the integrated miRNA‑target network. Several genes were identified in DKD, which may be involved in pathways such as ECM‑receptor interaction and cytokine‑cytokine receptor interaction. Three miRNAs may also be used as biomarkers for therapy of DKD, including miR‑17‑5p, miR‑20a and miR‑106a, with the predicted targets of NR4A3, PTPRO and KLF9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengji Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yabin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Sichao Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Shoulin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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170
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Lv W, Fan F, Wang Y, Gonzalez-Fernandez E, Wang C, Yang L, Booz GW, Roman RJ. Therapeutic potential of microRNAs for the treatment of renal fibrosis and CKD. Physiol Genomics 2017; 50:20-34. [PMID: 29127220 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00039.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as reduced glomerular filtration rate, is increasingly becoming a major public health issue. At the histological level, renal fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal disease, irrespective of the initial injury. According to this view, antifibrotic agents should slow or halt the progression of CKD. However, due to multiple overlapping pathways stimulating fibrosis, it has been difficult to develop antifibrotic drugs that delay or reverse the progression of CKD. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules, 18-22 nucleotides in length, that control many developmental and cellular processes as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs targeted against genes involved in renal fibrosis might be potential candidates for the development of antifibrotic therapies for CKD. This review will discuss some of the miRNAs, such as Let-7, miR-21,-29, -192, -200,-324, -132, -212, -30, -126, -433, -214, and -199a, that are implicated in renal fibrosis and the potential to exploit these molecular targets for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Ezekiel Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Lili Yang
- West Coast Clinic of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
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171
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Abstract
The novel genome-wide assays of epigenetic marks have resulted in a greater understanding of how genetics and the environment interact in the development and inheritance of diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia induces epigenetic changes in multiple organs, contributing to diabetic complications. Specific epigenetic-modifying compounds have been developed to erase these modifications, possibly slowing down the onset of diabetes-related complications. The current review is an update of the previously published paper, describing the most recent advances in the epigenetics of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fodor
- University of Medicine & Pharmacy ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Diabetes, Nutrition & Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angela Cozma
- University of Medicine & Pharmacy ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital CF, Department of Internal Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eddy Karnieli
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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172
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Song T, Chen M, Rao Z, Qiu Y, Liu J, Jiang Y, Huang Z, Wang X, Lin T. miR-17-92 ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 34:263-273. [PMID: 29699633 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is limited information on the role of miR-17-92 in renal tubular pathophysiology. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine whether miR-17-92 plays a role in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury. We originally demonstrated that miR-17-92 is up-regulated following IRI in vivo. To explore the roles of miR-17-92 in the IRI process, we first generated a renal proximal tubule-specific miR-17-92 deletion (PT-miR-17-92-/-) knockout mouse model with Cre driven by the Kap promoter. We found that PT-deficient miR-17-92 mice had more severe renal dysfunction and renal structures than their littermates. Compared with sham-operated mice, both wide-type (WT) mice and PT-miR-17-92-/- mice showed increased serum levels of creatinine and urea. However, the levels of serum urea and creatinine in PT-miR-17-92-/- mice after the IRI operation were significantly higher than the levels in WT mice. In addition, PT-miR-17-92-/- mice showed higher levels of serum potassium and phosphonium after the IRI operation. Histological analysis revealed that PT-miR-17-92-/- mice had substantial histopathologic changes, such as tubular dilation and tubular necrosis. Overexpression of miR-17-92 could partially reverse the side-effects of IRI on the proximal tubules in vivo. Furthermore, we employed a quantitative proteomic strategy and identified 16 proteins as potential targets of miR-17-92. Taken together, our findings suggested that miR-17-92 may ameliorates IRI-induced acute kidney injury. Our results indicate that pharmacologic modulation of these miRNAs may have therapeutic potential for acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turun Song
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Mianzhi Chen
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhengsheng Rao
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yamei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhongli Huang
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xianding Wang
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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173
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Ma F, Sun T, Wu M, Wang W, Xu Z. Identification of key genes for diabetic kidney disease using biological informatics methods. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7931-7938. [PMID: 28990106 PMCID: PMC5779875 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes, which is characterized by albuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration rate or a combination of the two. The aim of the present study was to identify the potential key genes involved in DKD progression and to subsequently investigate the underlying mechanism involved in DKD development. The array data of GSE30528 including 9 DKD and 13 control samples was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DKD glomerular and tubular kidney biopsy tissues were compared with normal tissues, and were analyzed using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed for DEGs using the GO Function software in Bioconductor. The protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network was then constructed using Cytoscape software. A total of 426 genes (115 up‑ and 311 downregulated) were differentially expressed between the DKD and normal tissue samples. The PPI network was constructed with 184 nodes and 335 edges. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), α‑actinin‑4 (ACTN4), proto‑oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN), collagen, type 1, α2 (COL1A2) and insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were hub proteins. Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP α1 (HLA‑DPA1) was the common gene enriched in the rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus pathways, and the immune response was a GO term enriched in module A. VEGFA, ACTN4, FYN, COL1A2, IGF1 and HLA‑DPA1 may be potential key genes associated with the progression of DKD, and immune mechanisms may serve a part in DKD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Meiyan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wanning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhonggao Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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174
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Bera A, Das F, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Mariappan MM, Kasinath BS, Ghosh Choudhury G. Reciprocal regulation of miR-214 and PTEN by high glucose regulates renal glomerular mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cell hypertrophy and matrix expansion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C430-C447. [PMID: 28701356 PMCID: PMC5668576 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00081.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) contributes to diabetic renal complications, including renal hypertrophy and matrix protein accumulation. Reduced expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) by hyperglycemia contributes to these processes. We considered involvement of miR in the downregulation of PTEN. In the renal cortex of type 1 diabetic mice, we detected increased expression of miR-214 in association with decreased levels of PTEN and enhanced Akt phosphorylation and fibronectin expression. Mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cells exposed to high glucose showed augmented expression of miR-214. Mutagenesis studies using 3'-UTR of PTEN in a reporter construct revealed PTEN as a direct target of miR-214, which controls its expression in both of these cells. Overexpression of miR-214 decreased the levels of PTEN and increased Akt activity similar to high glucose and lead to phosphorylation of its substrates glycogen synthase kinase-3β, PRAS40, and tuberin. In contrast, quenching of miR-214 inhibited high-glucose-induced Akt activation and its substrate phosphorylation; these changes were reversed by small interfering RNAs against PTEN. Importantly, respective expression of miR-214 or anti-miR-214 increased or decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity induced by high glucose. Furthermore, mTORC1 activity was controlled by miR-214-targeted PTEN via Akt activation. In addition, neutralization of high-glucose-stimulated miR-214 expression significantly inhibited cell hypertrophy and expression of the matrix protein fibronectin. Finally, the anti-miR-214-induced inhibition of these processes was reversed by the expression of constitutively active Akt kinase and hyperactive mTORC1. These results uncover a significant role of miR-214 in the activation of mTORC1 that contributes to high-glucose-induced mesangial and proximal tubular cell hypertrophy and fibronectin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | | | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas;
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
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175
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Han F, Wang S, Chang Y, Li C, Yang J, Han Z, Chang B, Sun B, Chen L. Triptolide prevents extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental diabetic kidney disease by targeting microRNA-137/Notch1 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2225-2237. [PMID: 28695984 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in multiple biological functions via suppressing target genes. Triptolide is a monomeric compound isolated from a traditional Chinese herb, which exerts protective roles in many kinds of glomerular diseases. However, our understanding of the triptolide effect on miRNAome is still limited. In this study, we found that triptolide significantly decreased albuminuria and improved glomerulosclerosis in rats with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). And triptolide also inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) protein accumulation and the notch1 pathway activation under diabetic conditions. MiR-137 was significantly decreased in the HG (high glucose)-treated HRMCs and in the kidney tissues of the diabetic rats, but was upregulated by triptolide. In addition, overexpression of miR-137 exerted similar effects to those of triptolide, while miR-137 inhibition aggravated ECM protein accumulation. Luciferase reporter assay results demonstrated that miR-137 directly targets Notch1. Furthermore, the miR-137-dependent effects were due to Notch1 suppression that in turn inhibited ECM protein expression, key mediators of glomerulosclerosis. Finally, downregulation of miR-137 reversed the ECM inhibition role of triptolide in HG cultured HRMCs. Taken together, these findings indicate that triptolide is a potential therapeutic option for DKD and that miR-137/Notch1 pathway play roles in the anti-glomerulosclerosis mechanism of triptolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunpeng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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176
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He L, Wei Q, Liu J, Yi M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. AKI on CKD: heightened injury, suppressed repair, and the underlying mechanisms. Kidney Int 2017; 92:1071-1083. [PMID: 28890325 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected. Although AKI-to-CKD transition has been intensively studied, the information of AKI on CKD is very limited. Nonetheless, AKI, when occurring in patients with CKD, is known to be more severe and difficult to recover. CKD is associated with significant changes in cell signaling in kidney tissues, including the activation of transforming growth factor-β, p53, hypoxia-inducible factor, and major developmental pathways. At the cellular level, CKD is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and aberrant autophagy. At the tissue level, CKD is characterized by chronic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. These pathologic changes may contribute to the heightened sensitivity of, and nonrecovery from, AKI in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mixuan Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Manjeri A Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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177
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang K, Zhang Y, Yang C, Li X, Shi J, Su L, Hu D. MicroRNA-192 regulates hypertrophic scar fibrosis by targeting SIP1. J Mol Histol 2017; 48:357-366. [PMID: 28884252 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-017-9734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a fibro-proliferative disorder which is characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and accumulative activity of myofibroblasts. Increasing evidences have demonstrated miRNAs play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of HS. MiR-192 is closely associated with renal fibrosis, but its effect on HS formation and skin fibrosis remains unknown. In the study, we presented that miR-192 was up-regulated in HS and HS derived fibroblasts (HSFs) compared to normal skin (NS) and NS derived fibroblasts (NSFs), accompanied by the reduction of smad interacting protein 1 (SIP1) expression and the increase of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA levels. Furthermore, we confirmed SIP1 was a direct target of miR-192 by using luciferase reporter assays. Meanwhile, the overexpression of miR-192 increased the levels of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA. The synthesis of collagen and more positive α-SMA staining were also observed in bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model of BALB/c mice treated with subcutaneous miR-192 mimics injection, whereas the inhibition of miR-192 decreased the expression of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA. Moreover, SIP1 siRNA could enhance the levels of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA, showing that the effect of knockdown SIP1 was similar to miR-192 mimics, and the phenomenon manifested miR-192 regulated HS fibrosis by targeting SIP1. Together, our results indicated that miR-192 was a critical factor of HS formation and facilitated skin fibrosis by targeting directly SIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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178
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Virzì GM, Clementi A, Brocca A, de Cal M, Ronco C. Epigenetics: a potential key mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of cardiorenal syndromes. J Nephrol 2017; 31:333-341. [PMID: 28780716 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-017-0425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is defined as the heritable changes in gene expression patterns which are not directly encoded by modifications in the nucleotide DNA sequence of the genome, including higher order chromatin organization, DNA methylation, cytosine modifications, covalent histone tail modifications, and short non-coding RNA molecules. Recently, much attention has been paid to the role and the function of epigenetics and epimutations in the cellular and subcellular pathways and in the regulation of genes in the setting of both kidney and cardiovascular disease. Indeed, deregulation of histone alterations has been highlighted in a large spectrum of renal and cardiac disease, including chronic and acute renal injury, renal and cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and failure, kidney congenital anomalies, renal hypoxia, and diabetic renal complications. Nevertheless, the role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndromes is currently underexplored. Given the significant clinical relevance of heart-kidney crosstalk, efforts in the research for new action mechanisms concurrently operating in both pathologies are thus of maximum interest. This review focuses on epigenetic mechanisms involved in heart and kidney disease, and their possible role in the setting of cardiorenal syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maria Virzì
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi, 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy. .,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.
| | - Anna Clementi
- IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Agrigento, Italy
| | - Alessandra Brocca
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi, 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Massimo de Cal
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi, 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi, 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
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179
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Sharma V, Dogra N, Saikia UN, Khullar M. Transcriptional regulation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cardiac fibrosis: role of myocardin-related transcription factor A and activating transcription factor 3. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1263-1270. [PMID: 28686848 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of cardiac fibrogenesis is quite diverse, but a common feature is the presence of activated fibroblasts. Experimental evidence suggests that a subset of cardiac fibroblasts is derived via transition of vascular endothelial cells into fibroblasts by endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). During EndMT, endothelial cells lose their endothelial characteristics and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. Molecular mechanisms and the transcriptional mediators controlling EndMT in heart during development or disease remain relatively undefined. Myocardin-related transcription factor A facilitates the transcription of cytoskeletal genes by serum response factor during fibrosis; therefore, its specific role in cardiac EndMT might be of importance. Activation of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF-3) during cardiac EndMT is speculative, since ATF-3 responds to a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) stimulus and controls the expression of the primary epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers Snail, Slug, and Twist. Although the role of TGF-β in EndMT-mediated cardiac fibrosis has been established, targeting of the TGF-β ligand has not proven to be a viable anti-fibrotic strategy owing to the broad functional importance of this ligand. Thus, targeting of downstream transcriptional mediators may be a useful therapeutic approach in attenuating cardiac fibrosis. Here, we discuss some of the transcription factors that may regulate EndMT-mediated cardiac fibrosis and their involvement in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Sharma
- a Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Nilambra Dogra
- b Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Uma Nahar Saikia
- a Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- b Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
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180
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Baker MA, Davis SJ, Liu P, Pan X, Williams AM, Iczkowski KA, Gallagher ST, Bishop K, Regner KR, Liu Y, Liang M. Tissue-Specific MicroRNA Expression Patterns in Four Types of Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2985-2992. [PMID: 28663230 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs contribute to the development of kidney disease. Previous analyses of microRNA expression in human kidneys, however, were limited by tissue heterogeneity or the inclusion of only one pathologic type. In this study, we used laser-capture microdissection to obtain glomeruli and proximal tubules from 98 human needle kidney biopsy specimens for microRNA expression analysis using deep sequencing. We analyzed specimens from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), FSGS, IgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) (n=19-23 for each disease), and a control group (n=14). Compared with control glomeruli, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN glomeruli exhibited differential expression of 18, 12, two, and 17 known microRNAs, respectively. The expression of several microRNAs also differed between disease conditions. Specifically, compared with control or FSGS glomeruli, IgAN glomeruli exhibited downregulated expression of hsa-miR-3182. Furthermore, in combination, the expression levels of hsa-miR-146a-5p and hsa-miR-30a-5p distinguished DN from all other conditions except IgAN. Compared with control proximal tubules, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN proximal tubules had differential expression of 13, 14, eight, and eight microRNAs, respectively, but expression of microRNAs did not differ significantly between the disease conditions. The abundance of several microRNAs correlated with indexes of renal function. Finally, we validated the differential glomerular expression of select microRNAs in a second cohort of patients with DN (n=19) and FSGS (n=21). In conclusion, we identified tissue-specific microRNA expression patterns associated with several kidney pathologies. The identified microRNAs could be developed as biomarkers of kidney diseases and might be involved in disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth J Davis
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | | | | | | | - Kaylee Bishop
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Kevin R Regner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yong Liu
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Mingyu Liang
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology,
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181
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Zou HH, Yang PP, Huang TL, Zheng XX, Xu GS. PLK2 Plays an Essential Role in High D-Glucose-Induced Apoptosis, ROS Generation and Inflammation in Podocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4261. [PMID: 28655909 PMCID: PMC5487358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of hyperglycemia. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic intervention for DKD. In this study, we sought to provide a set of gene profile in diabetic kidneys. We identified 338 genes altered in diabetes-induced DKD glomeruli, and PLK2 exhibited the most dramatic change. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated multiple signaling pathways are involved DKD pathogenesis. Here, we investigated whether PLK2 contributes to podocyte dysfunction, a characteristic change in the development of DKD. High D-glucose (HDG) significantly increased PLK2 expression in mouse podocytes. Suppressing PLK2 attenuated HDG-induced apoptosis and inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo. NAC, an antioxidant reagent, rescued HDG and PLK2 overexpression-induced kidney injuries. In summary, we demonstrated that silencing PLK2 attenuates HDG-induced podocyte apoptosis and inflammation, which may serve as a future therapeutic target in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hong Zou
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lun Huang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xu Zheng
- Department of Medicine, the George Washington University, Washington, DC20052, USA
| | - Gao-Si Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China.
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182
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Hu Y, Cheng C, Hong Z, Shi Z. Independent prognostic miRNAs for bladder urothelial carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3001-3005. [PMID: 28928837 PMCID: PMC5588142 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, and it is also an important cause of death by cancer globally. Increasing number of studies have shown that miRNAs can be used as prognostic markers for cancers. This study made use of the data available in the Cancer Genome Atlas in order to statistically analyze reported expression levels of miRNAs in samples from bladder urothelial carcinoma patients. Clinical features from a total of 399 patients and the expression data for 1,581 kinds of miRNA were included in the study. Single factor Cox regression analysis was used to identify miRNAs related to survival times for the patients. Then, through multifactors Cox regression we sorted out the independent prognostic miRNAs for the carcinoma. According to our results, 19 miRNAs were closely related to the survival times of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma, and 3 miRNAs including hsa-mir-518b (p=0.02), hsa-mir-192 (p=0.04) and hsa-mir-7705 (p=0.04) should be useful as independent prognostic factors in patients. In addition, the survival time of those expressing high levels of hsa-mir-7705 and hsa-mir-192 was less than the survival time of those with low expression levels. However, there were no obvious differences in the survival times between high and low expressors of hsa-mir-518b. According to our results, hsa-mir-7705, hsa-mir-192 and hsa-mir-518b can be applied as independent prognostic markers for bladder urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengdong Hong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ziming Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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183
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Chernikov AA, Severina AS, Shamhalova MS, Shestakova MV. The role of «metabolic memory» mechanisms in the development and progression of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. DIABETES MELLITUS 2017. [DOI: 10.14341/7674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of diabetes mellitus (DM), its complications and related pathologies has been continuously performed for many years; however, despite the substantial work and outstanding achievements in studying the mechanisms of DM development and the success of new medicinal products for controlling glycaemia, the problems associated with the late complications of DM continue to increase. The importance of glycaemic control in the early stages of DM for the development of complications is seen only after a sufficiently long period of observation. Such a delayed effect of primary good or unsatisfactory metabolic control, which shapes the patients clinical fate to a greater extent, is termed metabolic memory. The disorders developed under the influence of hyperglycaemia persist for long periods after the normalisation of carbohydrate metabolism; moreover, the effect of previous hyperglycaemia extends over the next 20 and even 30 years. Current research is focused on the possible mechanisms of metabolic memory development, including oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products and epigenetic mechanisms. This research will provide insight into potential markers for the early development and progression of vascular complications and new therapeutic possibilities for the future. However, determining the probable point of no return is more important, which implies that a point exists; after this point is crossed, the progression of vascular complications associated with DM cannot be prevented or reversed. The results of numerous experimental studies demonstrate that the prerequisite components of metabolic memory can be used as potential markers of the progression of DM complications, and may be potential therapeutic targets.
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184
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Zhong X, Tu YJ, Li Y, Zhang P, Wang W, Chen SS, Li L, Chung ACK, Lan HY, Chen HY, Li GS, Wang L. Serum levels of WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1): a noninvasive biomarker of renal fibrosis in subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:2920-2932. [PMID: 28670380 PMCID: PMC5489892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1) is an extracellular matrix-related protein that plays multiple roles in cellular physiology and pathology. Accumulating evidence shows that WISP-1 is involved in the process underlying fibrotic diseases. However, the correlation between WISP-1 and renal fibrosis is unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that WISP-1 levels might be correlated with renal fibrosis and could be used as a noninvasive biomarker to screen for renal fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We first measured the WISP-1 expression levels using a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced renal fibrosis tubular epithelial cell (TEC) model and a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy. We then evaluated the correlation between serum WISP-1 levels and fibrosis scores in biopsy-proven renal fibrosis of patients with CKD. Based on the findings from both in vivo and in vitro studies, the levels of WISP-1 and fibrotic parameters (collagen I, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin) were significantly increased in the fibrotic models. Consistently, patients with focal proliferative IgA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis and diabetic nephropathy displayed markedly elevated serum WISP-1 levels and fibrosis scores of renal biopsies compared with normal subjects and patients with minimal change disease (P<0.05). Importantly, the serum WISP-1 levels were positively correlated with fibrosis scores in the renal biopsies of these patients (r=0.475, P=0.0001). Thus, serum WISP-1 levels may be used as a potential noninvasive biomarker of renal fibrosis in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Yue Ju Tu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Sha Sha Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Arthur CK Chung
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong, China
- HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing EducationShenzhen, China
| | - Hui Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Hai Yong Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong KongPokfulam, Hong Kong
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen, China
| | - Gui Sen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
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185
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Mulholland EJ, Dunne N, McCarthy HO. MicroRNA as Therapeutic Targets for Chronic Wound Healing. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 8:46-55. [PMID: 28918046 PMCID: PMC5485763 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly complex biological process composed of three overlapping phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Impairments at any one or more of these stages can lead to compromised healing. MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of multiple proteins and associated pathways. Thus, identification of the appropriate miR involved in the different phases of wound healing could reveal an effective third-generation genetic therapy in chronic wound care. Several miRs have been shown to be upregulated or downregulated during the wound healing process. This article examines the biological processes involved in wound healing, the miR involved at each stage, and how expression levels are modulated in the chronic wound environment. Key miRs are highlighted as possible therapeutic targets, either through underexpression or overexpression, and the healing benefits are interrogated. These are prime miR candidates that could be considered as a gene therapy option for patients suffering from chronic wounds. The success of miR as a gene therapy, however, is reliant on the development of an appropriate delivery system that must be designed to overcome both extracellular and intracellular barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoghan J Mulholland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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186
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Sliwinska A, Kasinska MA, Drzewoski J. MicroRNAs and metabolic disorders - where are we heading? Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:885-896. [PMID: 28721157 PMCID: PMC5507111 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.65229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are short, non-coding molecules engaged in normal functioning of eukaryotic cells, as negative regulators of gene expression. Since the first discovery of miRNA in the early 1990s, hundreds of different miRNAs and their targets have been identified. A growing number of studies have aimed to search for microRNAs which have a key role in the regulation of insulin signaling and metabolic homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates that dysregulation of miRNA expression is involved in the development of various diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes the biogenesis of miRNAs and their role in pancreatic β cell biology, insulin signaling and metabolism. We also discuss recent findings of miRNAs associated with metabolic disorders and vascular diabetic complications, their diagnosis and therapeutic value. The PubMed database and published reference lists were searched for articles published between 1990 and 2016 using the following keywords: miRNA, miRNA and pancreas; miRNA and insulin; miRNA and type 2 diabetes mellitus, miRNA and obesity, and miRNA and microvascular or macrovascular diabetic complication. This review indicates that miRNA functioning is significantly different in metabolic diseases than in the normal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sliwinska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta A Kasinska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jozef Drzewoski
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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187
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Sharma D, Bhattacharya P, Kalia K, Tiwari V. Diabetic nephropathy: New insights into established therapeutic paradigms and novel molecular targets. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 128:91-108. [PMID: 28453961 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most prevalent microvascular complication in patients suffering from diabetes and is reported to be the major cause of renal failure when compared to any other kidney disease. Currently, available therapies provide only symptomatic relief and unable to treat the underlying pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. This review will explore new insights into the established therapeutic paradigms targeting oxidative stress, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress with the focus on recent clinical developments. Apart from this, the involvement of novel cellular and molecular mechanisms including the role of endothelin-receptor antagonists, Wnt signaling pathway, epigenetics and micro RNA is also discussed so that key molecular switches involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy can be identified. Elucidating new molecular pathways will help in the development of novel therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Campion CG, Sanchez-Ferras O, Batchu SN. Potential Role of Serum and Urinary Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Diabetic Nephropathy. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2017; 4:2054358117705371. [PMID: 28616250 PMCID: PMC5461910 DOI: 10.1177/2054358117705371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease caused by alterations in kidney architecture and function, and constitutes one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The purpose of this review is to summarize the state of the art of the DN-biomarker field with a focus on the new strategies that enhance the sensitivity of biomarkers to predict patients who will develop DN or are at risk of progressing to ESRD. OBJECTIVE In this review, we provide a description of the pathophysiology of DN and propose a panel of novel putative biomarkers associated with DN pathophysiology that have been increasingly investigated for diagnosis, to predict disease progression or to provide efficient personal treatment. METHODS We performed a review of the literature with PubMed and Google Scholar to collect baseline data about the pathophysiology of DN and biomarkers associated. We focused our research on new and emerging biomarkers of DN. KEY FINDINGS In this review, we summarized the critical signaling pathways and biological processes involved in DN and highlighted the pathogenic mediators of this disease. We next proposed a large review of the major advances that have been made in identifying new biomarkers which are more sensitive and reliable compared with currently used biomarkers. This includes information about emergent biomarkers such as functional noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, exosomes, and microparticles. LIMITATIONS Despite intensive strategies and constant investigation, no current single treatment has been able to reverse or at least mitigate the progression of DN, or reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Major difficulties probably come from the renal disease being heterogeneous among the patients. IMPLICATIONS Expanding the proteomics screening, including oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, along with metabolomics approaches may further improve the prognostic value and help in identifying the patients with diabetes who are at high risk of developing kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole G. Campion
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Québec, Canada
| | - Oraly Sanchez-Ferras
- Department of Biochemistry, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sri N. Batchu
- St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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189
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Kamyshova ES, Bobkova IN, Kutyrina IM. New insights on microRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. DIABETES MELLITUS 2017. [DOI: 10.14341/dm8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Although microalbuminuria is considered as a gold standard for DN diagnosis, it has limited predictive powers and specificity as a diagnostic tool for the early stage of DN. Therefore, new biomarkers are required for the early detection of DN. Studies using in vitro and in vivo models of DN have revealed an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs that modulate physiological and pathological processes by inhibiting target gene expression, in DN development. Recent studies have shown that the dysregulation of miRNAs, which is associated with the key features of DN, such as the mesangial expansion and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, is related to fibrosis and glomerular dysfunction. Thus, the up- and downregulation of miRNA expression in the renal tissue or biological fluids, including urine, may represent new biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of DN progression. In this review, we highlight the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of DN and emphasise their potential role as a therapeutic target.
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190
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Role of MicroRNAs in Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Vascular Complications. Biochimie 2017; 139:9-19. [PMID: 28487136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a major health threat worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs known to regulate various biological processes including the pathogenesis of T2DM. Recent studies have pointed out that specific miRNAs play a critical role in controlling β cell activities and the development of diabetic vascular complications. Their association with the disease pathogenesis and omnipresence in body fluids have made them important players for prognosis, diagnosis and management of T2DM. Owing to the limitations of classical biomarkers of diabetes such as fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) lack in predicting the risk of development of diabetes complications in a susceptible population. The miRNAs can act as ideal biomarkers for diabetes associated complications. Identification of specific miRNA signatures to detect diabetes and ideally to find out the risk of development of diabetes-associated complications in susceptible population is the essential requirement of the present clinical strategies for controlling diabetes worldwide. In this article, we summarize the potential miRNAs and miRNA signatures involved in the β cell activities and diabetes associated macrovascular and microvascular complications.
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191
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Kota SK, Kota SB. Noncoding RNA and epigenetic gene regulation in renal diseases. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1112-1122. [PMID: 28487070 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kidneys have a major role in normal physiology and metabolic homeostasis. Loss or impairment of kidney function is a common occurrence in several metabolic disorders, including hypertension and diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affect nearly 10% of the population worldwide; ranks 18th in the list of causes of death; and contributes to a significant proportion of healthcare costs. The tissue repair and regenerative potential of kidneys are limited and they decline during aging. Recent studies have demonstrated a key role for epigenetic processes and players, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding (nc)RNA, and so on, in both kidney development and disease. In this review, we highlight these recent findings with an emphasis on aberrant epigenetic changes that accompany renal diseases, key targets, and their therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya K Kota
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Savithri B Kota
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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192
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De S, Kuwahara S, Hosojima M, Ishikawa T, Kaseda R, Sarkar P, Yoshioka Y, Kabasawa H, Iida T, Goto S, Toba K, Higuchi Y, Suzuki Y, Hara M, Kurosawa H, Narita I, Hirayama Y, Ochiya T, Saito A. Exocytosis-Mediated Urinary Full-Length Megalin Excretion Is Linked With the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes 2017; 66:1391-1404. [PMID: 28289043 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Efficient biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy (DN) have not been established. Using ELISA, we found previously that urinary levels of full-length megalin (C-megalin), a multiligand endocytic receptor in proximal tubules, was positively correlated with DN progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we found that urinary extracellular vesicle (UEV) excretion and C-megalin content in UEVs or in their exosomal fraction increased along with the progression of the albuminuric stages in patients with T2DM. Cultured immortalized rat proximal tubule cells (IRPTCs) treated with fatty acid-free BSA or advanced glycation end product-modified BSA (AGE-BSA), endocytic ligands of megalin, increased EV excretion, and their C-megalin content. C-megalin excretion from IRPTCs via extracellular vesicles was significantly blocked by an exosome-specific inhibitor, GW4869, indicating that this excretion is mainly exocytosis-mediated. AGE-BSA treatment of IRPTCs caused apparent lysosomal dysfunction, which stimulated multivesicular body formation, resulting in increased exosomal C-megalin excretion. In a high-fat diet-induced, megalin-mediated kidney injury model in mice, urinary C-megalin excretion also increased via UEVs. Collectively, exocytosis-mediated urinary C-megalin excretion is associated with the development and progression of DN in patients with T2DM, particularly due to megalin-mediated lysosomal dysfunction in proximal tubules, and hence it could be a candidate biomarker linked with DN pathogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Kidney Injury/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Case-Control Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/urine
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/urine
- Diet, High-Fat
- Exocytosis
- Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism
- Extracellular Vesicles/ultrastructure
- Female
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/drug effects
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/ultrastructure
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- MicroRNAs
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Messenger
- Rats
- Serum Albumin, Bovine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankhajit De
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shoji Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hosojima
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ishikawa
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kaseda
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Piyali Sarkar
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kabasawa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Iida
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sawako Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koji Toba
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuki Higuchi
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Suzuki
- Health Administration Center, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masanori Hara
- Department of Pediatrics, Yoshida Hospital, Tsubame, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kurosawa
- Diagnostics Research Department, Life Innovation Research Institute, DENKA Innovation Center, Denka Co., Ltd., Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirayama
- Diagnostics Research Department, Life Innovation Research Institute, DENKA Innovation Center, Denka Co., Ltd., Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Saito
- Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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194
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Paul P, Chakraborty A, Sarkar D, Langthasa M, Rahman M, Bari M, Singha RS, Malakar AK, Chakraborty S. Interplay between miRNAs and human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2007-2018. [PMID: 28181241 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs, which have evoked a great deal of interest due to their importance in many aspects of homeostasis and diseases. MicroRNAs are stable and are essential components of gene regulatory networks. They play a crucial role in healthy individuals and their dysregulations have also been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer. This review summarized the current understanding of interactions between miRNAs and different diseases and their role in disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Debasree Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Musfhia Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Minakshi Bari
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
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195
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Wanner N, Bechtel-Walz W. Epigenetics of kidney disease. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 369:75-92. [PMID: 28286899 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modifications determine renal programming and the development and progression of renal disease. The identification of the way in which the renal cell epigenome is altered by environmental modifiers driving the onset and progression of renal diseases has extended our understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney disease progression. In this review, we focus on current knowledge concerning the implications of epigenetic modifications during renal disease from early development to chronic kidney disease progression including renal fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy and the translational potential of identifying new biomarkers and treatments for the prevention and therapy of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wanner
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Center for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Wibke Bechtel-Walz
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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196
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Hirakawa Y, Tanaka T, Nangaku M. Mechanisms of metabolic memory and renal hypoxia as a therapeutic target in diabetic kidney disease. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:261-271. [PMID: 28097824 PMCID: PMC5415475 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a worldwide public health problem. The definition of DKD is under discussion. Although the term DKD was originally defined as ‘kidney disease specific to diabetes,’ DKD frequently means chronic kidney disease with diabetes mellitus and includes not only classical diabetic nephropathy, but also kidney dysfunction as a result of nephrosclerosis and other causes. Metabolic memory plays a crucial role in the progression of various complications of diabetes, including DKD. The mechanisms of metabolic memory in DKD are supposed to include advanced glycation end‐products, deoxyribonucleic acid methylation, histone modifications and non‐coding ribonucleic acid including micro ribonucleic acid. Regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus, the final common pathway in chronic kidney disease is chronic kidney hypoxia, which influences epigenetic processes, including deoxyribonucleic acid methylation, histone modification, and conformational changes in micro ribonucleic acid and chromatin. Therefore, hypoxia and oxidative stress are appropriate targets of therapies against DKD. Prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitor enhances the defensive mechanisms against hypoxia. Bardoxolone methyl protects against oxidative stress, and can even reverse impaired renal function; a phase 2 trial with considerable attention to heart complications is currently ongoing in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hirakawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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197
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Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a broad group of endogenous small non-coding molecules that reduce the transcription of mRNA and play a key role in post-transcriptional gene processes. miRNAs are involved in onset and progression of several human disorders such as infectious and immune non-infectious diseases, cancers, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. They regulate the expression of gene targets (e.g. oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes) and act as gene repressors with mRNA binding and cleavage. The increasing evidence that miRNAs play a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular conditions could radically change the future management approach to these disorders. This review focuses on current knowledge about the influence of miRNAs on cardiovascular disease, with particular regard to common conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and migraine. Key messages miRNAs are a group of endogenous small non-coding RNA segments measuring 19-25 nucleotides that are involved in physiologic processes and onset and progression of disorders such as infectious and immune non-infectious diseases, cancers, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. miRNAs expression guarantees vascular integrity, by regulating apoptosis, VEGF pathway and VCAM 1 expression (-126), and is involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation process and progression. Hyperglycemia, overt diabetes, and their complications are associated with overexpression of several miRNAs. An altered expression of miRNAs has also been postulated in migraine patients, although only a few preliminary studies have so far been performed with this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Tana
- a Internal Medicine Unit, Medical Department, Guastalla Hospital, AUSL Reggio Emilia , Italy
| | - Maria Adele Giamberardino
- b Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging , "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti , Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- b Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging , "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti , Italy.,c Geriatrics Clinic and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti , Italy
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198
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Trionfini P, Benigni A. MicroRNAs as Master Regulators of Glomerular Function in Health and Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:1686-1696. [PMID: 28232619 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression, and the dysregulation of miRNAs is a common feature of several diseases. More miRNAs are identified almost daily, revealing the complexity of these transcripts in eukaryotic cellular networks. The study of renal miRNAs, using genetically modified mice or by perturbing endogenous miRNA levels, has revealed the important biologic roles miRNAs have in the major cell lineages that compose the glomerulus. Here, we provide an overview of miRNA biogenesis and function in regulating key genes and cellular pathways in glomerular cells during development and homeostasis. Moreover, we focus on the emerging mechanisms through which miRNAs contribute to different diseases affecting the glomerulus, such as FSGS, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and diabetic nephropathy. In-depth knowledge of miRNA-based gene regulation has made it possible to unravel pathomechanisms, enabling the design of new therapeutic strategies for glomerular diseases for which available therapies are not fully efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Trionfini
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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199
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Stacy AJ, Craig MP, Sakaram S, Kadakia M. ΔNp63α and microRNAs: leveraging the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:2114-2129. [PMID: 27924063 PMCID: PMC5356785 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular reprogramming mechanism that is an underlying cause of cancer metastasis. Recent investigations have uncovered an intricate network of regulation involving the TGFβ, Wnt, and Notch signaling pathways and small regulatory RNA species called microRNAs (miRNAs). The activity of a transcription factor vital to the maintenance of epithelial stemness, ΔNp63α, has been shown to modulate the activity of these EMT pathways to either repress or promote EMT. Furthermore, ΔNp63α is a known regulator of miRNA, including those directly involved in EMT. This review discusses the evidence of ΔNp63α as a master regulator of EMT components and miRNA, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of its role in EMT. This expanded knowledge may provide a basis for new developments in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Stacy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Michael P. Craig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Suraj Sakaram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Madhavi Kadakia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
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200
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Effects of long noncoding RNA-ROR on tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells by regulating microRNA-205. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:327-337. [PMID: 28063065 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore how long noncoding RNA-ROR (lncRNA-ROR) affects the tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells. METHODS Breast epithelial (MCF10A), breast cancer (MCF7), and natural tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines were selected, and the relative lncRNA-ROR expressions were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In vitro induction of TR5 cell line was performed. There were six groups: MCF7, MCF7/TR5, MDA-MB-231, MCF7-ROR, MCF7/TR5 ROR-siRNA, and the MDA-MB-231 ROR-siRNA groups. CCK-8 assay was conducted to assess the changes in drug resistance of each group. The expression of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker was detected using Western blotting. Transwell was selected to test the invasive ability of the cells. Expressions of microRNA-205 (miR-205) and ZEB1/2 were detected using qRT-PCR . RESULTS Compared with the MCF7 cells, the proliferation rates of the MCF7/TR5 and MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly increased. Compared with the MCF7 cells, the MCF7-ROR cells had remarkably higher proliferation rates, down-regulated E-cadherin and miR-205 expressions, as well as increased vimentin, invasive ability, and mRNA expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2. Compared with the MCF7/TR5 and MDA-MB-231 cells, up-regulated E-cadherin and miR-205 expression, down-regulated expression of vimentin, ZEB1, and ZEB2 mRNA, and decreased invasive ability were observed in the MCF7/TR5 ROR-siRNA and MDA-MB-231 ROR-siRNA cells. CONCLUSION In MDA-MB-231 cells, down-regulated lncRNA-ROR could inhibit the EMT of breast cancer cells and enhance the sensibility of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen by increasing miR-205 expression and suppressing the expressions of ZEB1 and ZEB2.
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