151
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Pan-cancer analysis of bi-allelic alterations in homologous recombination DNA repair genes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:857. [PMID: 29021619 PMCID: PMC5636842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair and are germ-line cancer pre-disposition genes that result in a syndrome of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Whether germ-line or somatic alterations in these genes or other members of the HR pathway and if mono- or bi-allelic alterations of HR-related genes have a phenotypic impact on other cancers remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we perform a pan-cancer analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set and observe that bi-allelic pathogenic alterations in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-related genes are prevalent across many malignancies. These bi-allelic alterations often associate with genomic features of HR deficiency. Further, in ovarian, breast and prostate cancers, bi-allelic alterations are mutually exclusive of each other. The combination of these two properties facilitates reclassification of variants of unknown significance affecting DNA repair genes, and may help personalize HR directed therapies in the clinic.Germline mutations in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair genes are linked to breast and ovarian cancer. Here, the authors show that mutually exclusive bi-allelic inactivation of HR genes are present in other cancer types and associated with genomic features of HR deficiency, expanding the potential use of HR-directed therapies.
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152
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Bogdanova N, Pfeifer K, Schürmann P, Antonenkova N, Siggelkow W, Christiansen H, Hillemanns P, Park-Simon TW, Dörk T. Analysis of a RECQL splicing mutation, c.1667_1667+3delAGTA, in breast cancer patients and controls from Central Europe. Fam Cancer 2017; 16:181-186. [PMID: 27832498 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-016-9944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RECQL is a DNA helicase required for genomic stability. Two studies have recently identified RECQL as a novel breast cancer susceptibility gene. The most common RECQL mutation, the 4 bp-deletion c.1667_1667+3delAGTA, was five-fold enriched in Polish breast cancer patients, but the exact magnitude of the risk is uncertain. We investigated two hospital-based breast cancer case-control series from Belarus and Germany, respectively, comprising a total of 2596 breast cancer patients and 2132 healthy females. The mutation was found in 9 cases and 6 controls, with an adjusted Odds Ratio 1.23 (95% CI 0.44-3.47; p = 0.69) in the combined analysis. Among the cases, heterozygosity for c.1667_1667+3delAGTA was linked with estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. There was no significant difference in age at diagnosis between carriers and non-carriers, and only one of the carriers reported a first-degree family history. Meta-analysis with the initial study from Poland suggests an about two-fold increase in risk for this mutation (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.13-5.57, p = 0.02). Altogether, the data indicate that RECQL* c.1667_1667+3delAGTA is not a high-risk mutation for breast cancer though it could represent a moderate-risk breast cancer susceptibility allele. Further studies will be required to determine the clinical significance of testing for this RECQL mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bogdanova
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Clinics of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Pfeifer
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schürmann
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Hans Christiansen
- Clinics of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tjoung-Won Park-Simon
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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153
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Xie Y, Li G, Chen M, Guo X, Tang L, Luo X, Wang S, Yi W, Dai L, Wang J. Mutation screening of 10 cancer susceptibility genes in unselected breast cancer patients. Clin Genet 2017; 93:41-51. [PMID: 28580595 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Variants of cancer susceptibility genes other than BRCA1/2 have been proved to be associated with increased risks of breast cancer. This study was performed to investigate the spectrum and prevalence of mutations in 10 cancer susceptibility genes in paired tumor/normal tissues of 292 unselected Chinese breast cancer patients. We performed an analysis of germline and somatic variants in ATM, CDH1, CHEK2, ESR1, GATA3, MAP3K1, MSH2, PALB2, RB1 and STK11 genes by integrating microfluidic PCR-based target enrichment and next-generation sequencing technologies. In total, 3 germline and 25 somatic deleterious mutations were found among 27 patients (9.25%), and 17 of them were novel mutations. Most deleterious mutations were prevalent in luminal A invasive breast cancer (P = .014). We also observed 83 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in 100 patients (34.25%), 23 of which were predicted to be deleterious by in silico prediction programs (MetaSVM and MetaLR). VUS carriers had higher positive rate of lymph node metastasis than non-carriers (P = .008) and were predominantly present in ER+ tumors (P = .018). Our findings would enhance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - G Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - M Chen
- Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China
| | - X Guo
- Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China
| | - L Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - X Luo
- Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - W Yi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - L Dai
- Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies in Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies in Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha, China
| | - J Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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154
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Katapodi MC, Viassolo V, Caiata-Zufferey M, Nikolaidis C, Bührer-Landolt R, Buerki N, Graffeo R, Horváth HC, Kurzeder C, Rabaglio M, Scharfe M, Urech C, Erlanger TE, Probst-Hensch N, Heinimann K, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V, Pagani O, Chappuis PO. Cancer Predisposition Cascade Screening for Hereditary Breast/Ovarian Cancer and Lynch Syndromes in Switzerland: Study Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc 2017; 6:e184. [PMID: 28931501 PMCID: PMC5628286 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial cancers constitute approximately 30% of newly diagnosed cancer cases in Switzerland, affecting more than 12,000 individuals annually. Hundreds of these patients are likely to carry germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary breast ovarian cancer (HBOC) or Lynch syndrome (LS). Genetic services (counseling and testing) for hereditary susceptibility to cancer can prevent many cancer diagnoses and deaths through early identification and risk management. OBJECTIVE Cascade screening is the systematic identification and testing of relatives of a known mutation carrier. It determines whether asymptomatic relatives also carry the known variant, needing management options to reduce future harmful outcomes. Specific aims of the CASCADE study are to (1) survey index cases with HBOC or LS from clinic-based genetic testing records and determine their current cancer status and surveillance practices, needs for coordination of medical care, psychosocial needs, patient-provider and patient-family communication, quality of life, and willingness to serve as advocates for cancer genetic services to blood relatives, (2) survey first- and second-degree relatives and first-cousins identified from pedigrees or family history records of HBOC and LS index cases and determine their current cancer and mutation status, cancer surveillance practices, needs for coordination of medical care, barriers and facilitators to using cancer genetic services, psychosocial needs, patient-provider and patient-family communication, quality of life, and willingness to participate in a study designed to increase use of cancer genetic services, and (3) explore the influence of patient-provider communication about genetic cancer risk on patient-family communication and the acceptability of a family-based communication, coping, and decision support intervention with focus group(s) of mutation carriers and relatives. METHODS CASCADE is a longitudinal study using surveys (online or paper/pencil) and focus groups, designed to elicit factors that enhance cascade genetic testing for HBOC and LS in Switzerland. Repeated observations are the optimal way for assessing these outcomes. Focus groups will examine barriers in patient-provider and patient-family communication, and the acceptability of a family-based communication, coping, and decision-support intervention. The survey will be developed in English, translated into three languages (German, French, and Italian), and back-translated into English, except for scales with validated versions in these languages. RESULTS Descriptive analyses will include calculating means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages of variables and participant descriptors. Bivariate analyses (Pearson correlations, chi-square test for differences in proportions, and t test for differences in means) will assess associations between demographics and clinical characteristics. Regression analyses will incorporate generalized estimating equations for pairing index cases with their relatives and explore whether predictors are in direct, mediating, or moderating relationship to an outcome. Focus group data will be transcribed verbatim and analyzed for common themes. CONCLUSIONS Robust evidence from basic science and descriptive population-based studies in Switzerland support the necessity of cascade screening for genetic predisposition to HBOC and LS. CASCADE is designed to address translation of this knowledge into public health interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03124212; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03124212 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6tKZnNDBt).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Katapodi
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Valeria Viassolo
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Cancer Prevention, Division of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Christos Nikolaidis
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Buerki
- Women's Clinic and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rossella Graffeo
- Institute of Oncology (IOSI) and Breast Unit (CSSI) of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Csaba Horváth
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Kurzeder
- Women's Clinic and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Rabaglio
- University Clinic for Medical Oncology, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharfe
- Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Urech
- Women's Clinic and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias E Erlanger
- Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karl Heinimann
- Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Women's Clinic and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Pagani
- Institute of Oncology (IOSI) and Breast Unit (CSSI) of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Pierre O Chappuis
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Cancer Prevention, Division of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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155
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Topology of protein–protein interaction network and edge reduction co-efficiency in VEGF signaling of breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13721-017-0157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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156
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Addressing the challenges of applying precision oncology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2017; 1:28. [PMID: 29872710 PMCID: PMC5871855 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-017-0032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology is described as the matching of the most accurate and effective treatments with the individual cancer patient. Identification of important gene mutations, such as BRCA1/2 that drive carcinogenesis, helped pave the way for precision diagnosis in cancer. Oncoproteins and their signaling pathways have been extensively studied, leading to the development of target-based precision therapies against several types of cancers. Although many challenges exist that could hinder the success of precision oncology, cutting-edge tools for precision diagnosis and precision therapy will assist in overcoming many of these difficulties. Based on the continued rapid progression of genomic analysis, drug development, and clinical trial design, precision oncology will ultimately become the standard of care in cancer therapeutics.
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157
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Individuals with FANCM biallelic mutations do not develop Fanconi anemia, but show risk for breast cancer, chemotherapy toxicity and may display chromosome fragility. Genet Med 2017; 20:452-457. [PMID: 28837162 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeMonoallelic germ-line mutations in the BRCA1/FANCS, BRCA2/FANCD1 and PALB2/FANCN genes confer high risk of breast cancer. Biallelic mutations in these genes cause Fanconi anemia (FA), characterized by malformations, bone marrow failure, chromosome fragility, and cancer predisposition (BRCA2/FANCD1 and PALB2/FANCN), or an FA-like disease presenting a phenotype similar to FA but without bone marrow failure (BRCA1/FANCS). FANCM monoallelic mutations have been reported as moderate risk factors for breast cancer, but there are no reports of any clinical phenotype observed in carriers of biallelic mutations.MethodsBreast cancer probands were subjected to mutation analysis by sequencing gene panels or testing DNA damage response genes.ResultsFive cases homozygous for FANCM loss-of-function mutations were identified. They show a heterogeneous phenotype including cancer predisposition, toxicity to chemotherapy, early menopause, and possibly chromosome fragility. Phenotype severity might correlate with mutation position in the gene.ConclusionOur data indicate that biallelic FANCM mutations do not cause classical FA, providing proof that FANCM is not a canonical FA gene. Moreover, our observations support previous findings suggesting that FANCM is a breast cancer-predisposing gene. Mutation testing of FANCM might be considered for individuals with the above-described clinical features.
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158
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Kimura F, Ueda A, Sato E, Akimoto J, Kaise H, Yamada K, Hosonaga M, Kawai Y, Teraoka S, Okazaki M, Ishikawa T. Hereditary breast cancer associated with Cowden syndrome-related PTEN mutation with Lhermitte-Duclos disease. Surg Case Rep 2017; 3:83. [PMID: 28741261 PMCID: PMC5524662 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-017-0355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cowden syndrome is characterized by multiple hamartomas in various tissues, including the skin, brain, breast, thyroid, mucous membrane, and gastrointestinal tract, and is reported to increase the risk of malignant disease. CASE PRESENTATION We describe the case of a 52-year-old woman in whom a tumor was diagnosed in the left cerebellar hemisphere and treated by surgical resection. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutation in exon 8 insertion was found in the brain tumor tissue and leukocytes. This finding supported the diagnosis of Cowden syndrome. She consequently developed endometrial cancer and underwent abdominal total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Four years later, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer was found in the right breast, and breast-conserving surgery with radiation therapy and sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we describe a patient who was diagnosed as having familial breast cancer associated with PTEN mutation-related Cowden syndrome. We also reviewed reports of this syndrome in the literature for disease appraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyo Kimura
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan. .,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Kawasaki Saiwai Clinic, 39-1 Tocho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 212-0021, Japan.
| | - Ai Ueda
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Akimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kaise
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kimito Yamada
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Mari Hosonaga
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yuko Kawai
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Saeko Teraoka
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Miki Okazaki
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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159
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Krivokuca A, Dragos VS, Stamatovic L, Blatnik A, Boljevic I, Stegel V, Rakobradovic J, Skerl P, Jovandic S, Krajc M, Magic MB, Novakovic S. Novel BRCA1 splice-site mutation in ovarian cancer patients of Slavic origin. Fam Cancer 2017; 17:179-185. [DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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160
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ESTUDIO DIAGNÓSTICO Y MANEJO DE PACIENTES DE ALTO RIESGO. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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161
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Analysis of BRCA1/2 mutation spectrum and prevalence in unselected Chinese breast cancer patients by next-generation sequencing. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:2011-2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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162
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Bouhnik AD, N’Diaye K, Evans DG, Harris H, Tibben A, van Asperen C, Schmidtke J, Nippert I, Mancini J, Julian-Reynier C. Validation of a scale for assessing attitudes towards outcomes of genetic cancer testing among primary care providers and breast specialists. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178447. [PMID: 28570656 PMCID: PMC5453525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To develop a generic scale for assessing attitudes towards genetic testing and to psychometrically assess these attitudes in the context of BRCA1/2 among a sample of French general practitioners, breast specialists and gyneco-obstetricians. Study design and setting Nested within the questionnaire developed for the European InCRisC (International Cancer Risk Communication Study) project were 14 items assessing expected benefits (8 items) and drawbacks (6 items) of the process of breast/ovarian genetic cancer testing (BRCA1/2). Another item assessed agreement with the statement that, overall, the expected health benefits of BRCA1/2 testing exceeded its drawbacks, thereby justifying its prescription. The questionnaire was mailed to a sample of 1,852 French doctors. Of these, 182 breast specialists, 275 general practitioners and 294 gyneco-obstetricians completed and returned the questionnaire to the research team. Principal Component Analysis, Cronbach’s α coefficient, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used in the statistical analyses of collected data. Results Three dimensions emerged from the respondents’ responses, and were classified under the headings: “Anxiety, Conflict and Discrimination”, “Risk Information”, and “Prevention and Surveillance”. Cronbach’s α coefficient for the 3 dimensions was 0.79, 0.76 and 0.62, respectively, and each dimension exhibited strong correlation with the overall indicator of agreement (criterion validity). Conclusions The validation process of the 15 items regarding BRCA1/2 testing revealed satisfactory psychometric properties for the creation of a new scale entitled the Attitudes Towards Genetic Testing for BRCA1/2 (ATGT-BRCA1/2) Scale. Further testing is required to confirm the validity of this tool which could be used generically in other genetic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Deborah Bouhnik
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Khadim N’Diaye
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Harris
- GenEd Coordinating Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aad Tibben
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christi van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joerg Schmidtke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Irmgard Nippert
- Women’s Health Research, Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
| | - Julien Mancini
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service Biostatistique et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication, Marseille, France
| | - Claire Julian-Reynier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, UMR_S 912, Marseille, France
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163
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Mutter RW, Riaz N, Ng CK, Delsite R, Piscuoglio S, Edelweiss M, Martelotto LG, Sakr RA, King TA, Giri DD, Drobnjak M, Brogi E, Bindra R, Bernheim G, Lim RS, Blecua P, Desrichard A, Higginson D, Towers R, Jiang R, Lee W, Weigelt B, Reis-Filho JS, Powell SN. Bi-allelic alterations in DNA repair genes underpin homologous recombination DNA repair defects in breast cancer. J Pathol 2017; 242:165-177. [PMID: 28299801 DOI: 10.1002/path.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-deficient (HRD) breast cancers have been shown to be sensitive to DNA repair targeted therapies. Burgeoning evidence suggests that sporadic breast cancers, lacking germline BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations, may also be HRD. We developed a functional ex vivo RAD51-based test to identify HRD primary breast cancers. An integrated approach examining methylation, gene expression, and whole-exome sequencing was employed to ascertain the aetiology of HRD. Functional HRD breast cancers displayed genomic features of lack of competent HR, including large-scale state transitions and specific mutational signatures. Somatic and/or germline genetic alterations resulting in bi-allelic loss-of-function of HR genes underpinned functional HRD in 89% of cases, and were observed in only one of the 15 HR-proficient samples tested. These findings indicate the importance of a comprehensive genetic assessment of bi-allelic alterations in the HR pathway to deliver a precision medicine-based approach to select patients for therapies targeting tumour-specific DNA repair defects. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Mutter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charlotte Ky Ng
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rob Delsite
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcia Edelweiss
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luciano G Martelotto
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rita A Sakr
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tari A King
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dilip D Giri
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Drobnjak
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edi Brogi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ranjit Bindra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Yale, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Giana Bernheim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymond S Lim
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro Blecua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Desrichard
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Higginson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Russell Towers
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruomu Jiang
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon N Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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164
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Robert M, Frenel JS, Gourmelon C, Patsouris A, Augereau P, Campone M. Olaparib for the treatment of breast cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:751-759. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1318847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Robert
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, René Gauducheau, St Herblain, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Frenel
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, René Gauducheau, St Herblain, France
| | - Carole Gourmelon
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, René Gauducheau, St Herblain, France
| | - Anne Patsouris
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Paul Papin, Angers, France
| | - Paule Augereau
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Paul Papin, Angers, France
| | - Mario Campone
- Medical oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, René Gauducheau, St Herblain, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRNA), France
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165
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Anantha RW, Simhadri S, Foo TK, Miao S, Liu J, Shen Z, Ganesan S, Xia B. Functional and mutational landscapes of BRCA1 for homology-directed repair and therapy resistance. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28398198 PMCID: PMC5432210 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 plays a critical role in homology-directed repair (HDR) of DNA double strand breaks, and the repair defect of BRCA1-mutant cancer cells is being targeted with platinum drugs and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. We have employed relatively simple and sensitive assays to determine the function of BRCA1 variants or mutants in two HDR mechanisms, homologous recombination (HR) and single strand annealing (SSA), and in conferring resistance to cisplatin and olaparib in human cancer cells. Our results define the functionality of the top 22 patient-derived BRCA1 missense variants and the contribution of different domains of BRCA1 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity to HDR and drug resistance. Importantly, our results also demonstrate that the BRCA1-PALB2 interaction dictates the choice between HR and SSA. These studies establish functional and mutational landscapes of BRCA1 for HDR and therapy resistance, while revealing novel insights into BRCA1 regulatory mechanisms and HDR pathway choice. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21350.001 Genes are the instruction manuals of life and contain the information needed to build the proteins that keep cells alive. Over time, genes can accumulate errors or mutations and eventually become faulty, which can lead to diseases like cancer. Sometimes mutations can be passed on through generations and increase the chances of getting cancer. The BRCA1 gene, for example, provides instructions for making a protein that helps to repair or remove damaged DNA and stops cells from growing uncontrollably. When the BRCA1 gene becomes faulty, cells could continue to grow with damaged DNA. This makes it more likely for cancer to develop, especially breast cancer and ovarian cancer. However, not all changes in BRCA1 gene cause the protein to become faulty or lead to cancer. In fact, about 30% of BRCA1 gene changes identified by genetic tests are referred to as ‘variants of uncertain clinical significance’, meaning that it is not clear if these variants are indeed mutations that could affect the clinical outcome of the people that carry them. Software predictions based largely on patient data have categorized many of these variants as not cancer-causing, but the majority still need to be experimentally tested and confirmed. Many studies have tried to determine the effect of selected variants on the BRCA1 protein, but a complete picture remains lacking. Now, Anantha et al. have tested the top 22 common variants in the BRCA1 gene, some of which had known effects and some did not. The study tested how these variants affect the ability of the protein to repair damaged DNA and the efficacy of chemotherapies targeting cancer cells with a DNA repair defect. The experiments revealed that three specific parts of the protein must remain intact in order for the protein to carry out this activity, i.e. mutations that affect these three areas are likely to cause cancer and also make cancer cells vulnerable to these chemotherapies. Anantha et al. also generated a series of 10 artificially shortened BRCA1 proteins, each missing a specific part, to determine the possible effects of other variants in those missing parts. Together the findings reveal previously unknown effects of certain variants that are commonly seen in cancer patients as well new insights into how the BRCA1 protein repairs DNA. The next step will be to assess rarer variants where little data is available. A better understanding of how these variants affect DNA repair and drug response will help to improve the genetic counseling and treatment of patients with breast cancer and ovarian cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21350.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel W Anantha
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Srilatha Simhadri
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Tzeh Keong Foo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Susanna Miao
- Department of Genetics, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, United States
| | - Jingmei Liu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Shen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Bing Xia
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
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166
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Mantere T, Tervasmäki A, Nurmi A, Rapakko K, Kauppila S, Tang J, Schleutker J, Kallioniemi A, Hartikainen JM, Mannermaa A, Nieminen P, Hanhisalo R, Lehto S, Suvanto M, Grip M, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Tengström M, Auvinen P, Kvist A, Borg Å, Blomqvist C, Aittomäki K, Greenberg RA, Winqvist R, Nevanlinna H, Pylkäs K. Case-control analysis of truncating mutations in DNA damage response genes connects TEX15 and FANCD2 with hereditary breast cancer susceptibility. Sci Rep 2017; 7:681. [PMID: 28386063 PMCID: PMC5429682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00766-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several known breast cancer susceptibility genes encode proteins involved in DNA damage response (DDR) and are characterized by rare loss-of-function mutations. However, these explain less than half of the familial cases. To identify novel susceptibility factors, 39 rare truncating mutations, identified in 189 Northern Finnish hereditary breast cancer patients in parallel sequencing of 796 DDR genes, were studied for disease association. Mutation screening was performed for Northern Finnish breast cancer cases (n = 578–1565) and controls (n = 337–1228). Mutations showing potential cancer association were analyzed in additional Finnish cohorts. c.7253dupT in TEX15, encoding a DDR factor important in meiosis, associated with hereditary breast cancer (p = 0.018) and likely represents a Northern Finnish founder mutation. A deleterious c.2715 + 1G > A mutation in the Fanconi anemia gene, FANCD2, was over two times more common in the combined Finnish hereditary cohort compared to controls. A deletion (c.640_644del5) in RNF168, causative for recessive RIDDLE syndrome, had high prevalence in majority of the analyzed cohorts, but did not associate with breast cancer. In conclusion, truncating variants in TEX15 and FANCD2 are potential breast cancer risk factors, warranting further investigations in other populations. Furthermore, high frequency of RNF168 c.640_644del5 indicates the need for its testing in Finnish patients with RIDDLE syndrome symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Mantere
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Nurmi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katrin Rapakko
- Laboratory of Genetics, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Cancer Genetic Unit, Service and Central Laboratory of Haematology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saila Kauppila
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jiangbo Tang
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Pathology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Basser Research Center for BRCA, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Medical Biochemistry and Genetics Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech and FimLab Laboratories, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pentti Nieminen
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Hanhisalo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Lehto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Suvanto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Tengström
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Auvinen
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anders Kvist
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åke Borg
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oncology, University of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roger A Greenberg
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Pathology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Basser Research Center for BRCA, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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167
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Li Y, Arellano AR, Bare LA, Bender RA, Strom CM, Devlin JJ. A Multigene Test Could Cost-Effectively Help Extend Life Expectancy for Women at Risk of Hereditary Breast Cancer. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2017; 20:547-555. [PMID: 28407996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends that women who carry gene variants that confer substantial risk for breast cancer consider risk-reduction strategies, that is, enhanced surveillance (breast magnetic resonance imaging and mammography) or prophylactic surgery. Pathogenic variants can be detected in women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer syndromes by multigene panel testing. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether using a seven-gene test to identify women who should consider risk-reduction strategies could cost-effectively increase life expectancy. METHODS We estimated effectiveness and lifetime costs from a payer perspective for two strategies in two hypothetical cohorts of women (40-year-old and 50-year-old cohorts) who meet the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-defined family history criteria for multigene testing. The two strategies were the usual test strategy for variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 and the seven-gene test strategy for variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PTEN, CDH1, STK11, and PALB2. Women found to have a pathogenic variant were assumed to undergo either prophylactic surgery or enhanced surveillance. RESULTS The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the seven-gene test strategy compared with the BRCA1/2 test strategy was $42,067 per life-year gained or $69,920 per quality-adjusted life-year gained for the 50-year-old cohort and $23,734 per life-year gained or $48,328 per quality-adjusted life-year gained for the 40-year-old cohort. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, the seven-gene test strategy cost less than $100,000 per life-year gained in 95.7% of the trials for the 50-year-old cohort. CONCLUSIONS Testing seven breast cancer-associated genes, followed by risk-reduction management, could cost-effectively improve life expectancy for women at risk of hereditary breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Li
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA.
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168
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Davies H, Glodzik D, Morganella S, Yates LR, Staaf J, Zou X, Ramakrishna M, Martin S, Boyault S, Sieuwerts AM, Simpson PT, King TA, Raine K, Eyfjord JE, Kong G, Borg Å, Birney E, Stunnenberg HG, van de Vijver MJ, Børresen-Dale AL, Martens JW, Span PN, Lakhani SR, Vincent-Salomon A, Sotiriou C, Tutt A, Thompson AM, Van Laere S, Richardson AL, Viari A, Campbell PJ, Stratton MR, Nik-Zainal S. HRDetect is a predictor of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deficiency based on mutational signatures. Nat Med 2017; 23:517-525. [PMID: 28288110 PMCID: PMC5833945 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 1-5% of breast cancers are attributed to inherited mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 and are selectively sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. In other cancer types, germline and/or somatic mutations in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 (BRCA1/BRCA2) also confer selective sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Thus, assays to detect BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient tumors have been sought. Recently, somatic substitution, insertion/deletion and rearrangement patterns, or 'mutational signatures', were associated with BRCA1/BRCA2 dysfunction. Herein we used a lasso logistic regression model to identify six distinguishing mutational signatures predictive of BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency. A weighted model called HRDetect was developed to accurately detect BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient samples. HRDetect identifies BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient tumors with 98.7% sensitivity (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.98). Application of this model in a cohort of 560 individuals with breast cancer, of whom 22 were known to carry a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, allowed us to identify an additional 22 tumors with somatic loss of BRCA1 or BRCA2 and 47 tumors with functional BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency where no mutation was detected. We validated HRDetect on independent cohorts of breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers and demonstrated its efficacy in alternative sequencing strategies. Integrating all of the classes of mutational signatures thus reveals a larger proportion of individuals with breast cancer harboring BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency (up to 22%) than hitherto appreciated (∼1-5%) who could have selective therapeutic sensitivity to PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Davies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Dominik Glodzik
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Lucy R. Yates
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, SE-223 81, Sweden
| | - Xueqing Zou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Manasa Ramakrishna
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Oncology, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Hodgkin Building, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Cambridge CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Sancha Martin
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sandrine Boyault
- Centre Léon Bérard, Translational Research Lab Department, 28, rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anieta M. Sieuwerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Peter T. Simpson
- The University of Queensland: UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Tari A. King
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Keiran Raine
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jorunn E. Eyfjord
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gu Kong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, SE-223 81, Sweden
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus,Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD
| | - Hendrik G. Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Radboud University, 6525GA, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc J. van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital The Norwegian Radium Hospital Oslo 0310, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310, Norway
| | - John W.M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Paul N. Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, and department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen 6525GA, The Netherlands
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland: UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Institut Curie, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrew Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King’s College, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robin’s Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alastair M. Thompson
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Steven Van Laere
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- HistoGeneX NV, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Andrea L. Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Alain Viari
- Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Avenue de l'Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin, France
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK
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169
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Darooei M, Poornima S, Salma BU, Iyer GR, Pujar AN, Annapurna S, Shah A, Maddali S, Hasan Q. Pedigree and BRCA gene analysis in breast cancer patients to identify hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome to prevent morbidity and mortality of disease in Indian population. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694303. [PMID: 28231738 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Global burden of breast cancer is expected to increase to >2 million new cases every year by 2030 and 10% of these are likely to have hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Identifying these individuals by pedigree and BRCA1/2 mutation analyses will enable us to offer targeted mutation testing and appropriate counseling. This study from a tertiary care hospital showed that of the 127 breast cancer patients on treatment during 2014-2015, 24 of them fulfilled the criteria of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome after detailed verbal autopsy and pedigree analysis, and BRCA1 and 2 next-generation sequencing done after pre-test counseling revealed mutations in 13 cases (54%), these included 9 BRCA1 mutations (69%) and 4 BRCA2 mutation (31%). Subsequent post-test counseling recommended targeted mutation analysis for 64 high-risk members in these 13 families with pathogenic mutations, which will help in surveillance for early detection, appropriate management, and prevention of the disease by decreasing the burden to both family and nation. Results from this preliminary study highlight the importance of genetic counseling, pedigree analysis, and genetic testing. It can be recommended that all oncology units should have a genetic counseling service for providing appropriate support to oncologists, patients, and families to prevent unnecessary testing; however, breast cancer screening program is incomplete without evaluating for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Darooei
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subhadra Poornima
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bibi Umae Salma
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gayatri R Iyer
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Akhilesh N Pujar
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srirambhatla Annapurna
- 2 Department of Radiology, Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashwin Shah
- 3 Department of Oncology, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Qurratulain Hasan
- 1 Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Kamineni Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
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170
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Romero-Laorden N, Castro E. Inherited mutations in DNA repair genes and cancer risk. Curr Probl Cancer 2017; 41:251-264. [PMID: 28454847 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Although most cancer cases are due to somatic mutations, up to 10% of cases are attributable to germline mutations. This inherited cancer predisposition is mostly due to the loss of function of suppressor genes rather than the activation of oncogenes. Defects in DNA repair genes are the genetic events most commonly involved in hereditary cancers. The implementation of high-throughput sequencing in diagnostic testing has uncovered new predisposition genes. Furthermore, for some tumor types these sequencing techniques have also unveiled a prevalence of germline mutations significantly higher than previous estimations. The clinical implications of many of these repair defects are yet to be defined. Further studies will need to be conducted to establish the most appropriated management of unaffected carriers that are likely to grow in numbers. On the contrary, the presence of DNA repair defects provides a unique opportunity for the development of treatments that take advantage of a tumor feature. In this review article, we summarize not only the most common syndromes linked to DNA repair defects but also less known entities. We address the underlying genetics and the clinical implications of each DNA repair defect as well as the current recommendations for cancer surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Castro
- HM Hospitales, Centro Integral Oncológico HM Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain.
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171
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George SZ, Staud R, Borsa PA, Wu SS, Wallace MR, Greenfield WH, Mackie LN, Fillingim RB. Biopsychosocial influence on shoulder pain: Rationale and protocol for a pre-clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 56:9-17. [PMID: 28315479 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions are a prevalent and disabling problem. Preventing chronic musculoskeletal pain requires multifactorial treatment approaches that address its complex etiology. Prior cohort studies identified a high risk subgroup comprised of variation in COMT genotype and pain catastrophizing. This subgroup had increased chance of heightened pain responses (in a pre-clinical model) and higher 12month post-operatives pain intensity ratings (in a clinical model). This pre-clinical trial will test mechanisms and efficacy of personalized pain interventions matched to the genetic and psychological characteristics of the high-risk subgroup. METHODS Potential participants will be screened for high risk subgroup membership, appropriateness for exercise-induced muscle injury protocol, and appropriateness for propranolol administration. Eligible participants that consent to the study will then be randomized into one of four treatment groups; 1) personalized pharmaceutical and psychological education; 2) personalized pharmaceutical and general education; 3) placebo pharmaceutical and psychological education; 4) placebo pharmaceutical and psychological education. Over the 5-day study period participants will complete an exercise-induced muscle injury protocol and receive study interventions. Pain and disability assessments will be completed daily, with primary outcomes being duration of shoulder pain (number of days until recovery), peak shoulder pain intensity, and peak shoulder disability. Secondary outcomes include inflammatory markers, psychological mediators, and measures of pain sensitivity regulation. CONCLUSION This pre-clinical trial builds on prior cohort studies and its completion will provide foundational data supporting efficacy and mechanisms of personalized interventions for individuals that may be at increased risk for developing chronic shoulder pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov registry, NCT02620579 (Registered on November 13, 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Z George
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27715, USA.
| | - Roland Staud
- Department of Medicine, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Paul A Borsa
- Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Samuel S Wu
- Biostatistics, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Margaret R Wallace
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Genetics Institute, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Warren H Greenfield
- Department of Physical Therapy, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Lauren N Mackie
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | - Roger B Fillingim
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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172
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Alothman SJ, Wang W, Goerlitz DS, Islam M, Zhong X, Kishore A, Azhar RI, Kallakury BV, Furth PA. Responsiveness of Brca1 and Trp53 Deficiency-Induced Mammary Preneoplasia to Selective Estrogen Modulators versus an Aromatase Inhibitor in Mus musculus. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:244-254. [PMID: 28283467 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An intervention study initiated at age 4 months compared the impact of tamoxifen (25 mg), raloxifene (22.5 mg), and letrozole (2.5 mg) administered by 60-day release subcutaneous pellet on mammary preneoplasia prevalence at age 6 months in conditional genetically engineered mouse models with different Breast cancer 1 (Brca1) gene dosages targeted to mammary epithelial cells and germline Tumor protein P53 (Trp53) haploinsufficiency (10-16/cohort). The proportion of unexposed control mice demonstrating mammary preneoplasia at age 6 months was highest in Brca1fl11/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ (54%) mice followed by Brca1WT/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ mice (30%). By age 12 months, invasive mammary cancers appeared in 80% of Brca1fl11/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ and 42% of Brca1WT/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ control unexposed mice. The spectrum of cancer histology was similar in both models without somatic mutation of the nongenetically engineered Brca1, Trp53, Brca2, or Death-associated protein kinase 3 (Dapk3) alleles. Two-month exposure to tamoxifen, raloxifene, and letrozole significantly reduced estrogen-mediated tertiary branching by 65%, 71%, and 78%, respectively, in Brca1fl11/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ mice at age 6 months. However, only letrozole significantly reduced hyperplastic alveolar nodules (HAN) prevalence (by 52%) and number (by 30%) and invasive cancer appeared despite tamoxifen exposure. In contrast, tamoxifen significantly reduced HAN number by 95% in Brca1WT/fl11/Cre/p53-/+ mice. Control mice with varying combinations of the different genetically modified alleles and MMTV-Cre transgene demonstrated that the combination of Brca1 insufficiency and Trp53 haploinsufficiency was required for appearance of preneoplasia and no individual genetic alteration confounded the response to tamoxifen. In summary, although specific antihormonal approaches showed effectiveness, with Brca1 gene dosage implicated as a possible modifying variable, more effective chemopreventive approaches for Brca1 mutation-induced cancer may require alternative and/or additional agents. Cancer Prev Res; 10(4); 244-54. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar J Alothman
- Graduate School of Arts and Science, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Weisheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - David S Goerlitz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Md Islam
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Biomathematics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Archana Kishore
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Redha I Azhar
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Bhaskar V Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Priscilla A Furth
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC. .,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.,Department of Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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173
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Pan Y, Yuan Y, Liu G, Wei Y. P53 and Ki-67 as prognostic markers in triple-negative breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172324. [PMID: 28235003 PMCID: PMC5325264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subgroup of breast cancer lack of effective target therapy. This study was to investigate the prognostic role of p53 and Ki-67 in 156 cases of TNBC patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between clinical parameters and recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association between clinical characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS). Survival analyses using the Kaplan-Meier method were performed to examine the association between p53/Ki-67 and DFS and OS. Our data showed that p53 was positive in 71.3% and the Ki-67 high index was in 82.8% of TNBC. Elevated p53 and Ki-67 were associated with histological grade. The tumor size, lymph node involvement, and p53 expression are associated with risk of recurrence. Tumor size, lymph node involvement, family history, Ki-67 and p53 are independent variables associated with either DFS or OS. TNBC patients with positive p53 or Ki-67 high index or family history of cancer have a significant association with worse prognosis. This study suggests that p53, Ki-67 and family history are useful prognostic markers in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbao Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (YP); (YW)
| | - Yufen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- Department of orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (YP); (YW)
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174
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Katapodi MC, Duquette D, Yang JJ, Mendelsohn-Victor K, Anderson B, Nikolaidis C, Mancewicz E, Northouse LL, Duffy S, Ronis D, Milliron KJ, Probst-Herbst N, Merajver SD, Janz NK, Copeland G, Roberts S. Recruiting families at risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer from a statewide cancer registry: a methodological study. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:191-201. [PMID: 28197806 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0858-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer genetic services (counseling/testing) are recommended for women diagnosed with breast cancer younger than 45 years old (young breast cancer survivors-YBCS) and at-risk relatives. We present recruitment of YBCS, identification and recruitment of at-risk relatives, and YBCS willingness to contact their cancer-free, female relatives. METHODS A random sample of 3,000 YBCS, stratified by race (Black vs. White/Other), was identified through a population-based cancer registry and recruited in a randomized trial designed to increase use of cancer genetic services. Baseline demographic, clinical, and family characteristics, and variables associated with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) were assessed as predictors of YBCS' willingness to contact at-risk relatives. RESULTS The 883 YBCS (33.2% response rate; 40% Black) who returned a survey had 1,875 at-risk relatives and were willing to contact 1,360 (72.5%). From 853 invited at-risk relatives (up to two relatives per YBCS), 442 responded (51.6% response rate). YBCS with larger families, with a previous diagnosis of depression, and motivated to comply with recommendations from family members were likely to contact a greater number of relatives. Black YBCS were more likely to contact younger relatives and those living further than 50 miles compared to White/Other YBCS. CONCLUSION It is feasible to recruit diverse families at risk for hereditary cancer from a population-based cancer registry. This recruitment approach can be used as a paradigm for harmonizing processes and increasing internal and external validity of large-scale public health genomic initiatives in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Katapodi
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Deb Duquette
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, 333 S. Grand Ave., P.O. Box 30195, Lansing, MI, 48909, USA
| | - James J Yang
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kari Mendelsohn-Victor
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Beth Anderson
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, 333 S. Grand Ave., P.O. Box 30195, Lansing, MI, 48909, USA
| | - Christos Nikolaidis
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emily Mancewicz
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laurel L Northouse
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sonia Duffy
- Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1585 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David Ronis
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kara J Milliron
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, CCGC 6-303, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0944, USA
| | - Nicole Probst-Herbst
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sofia D Merajver
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nancy K Janz
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Glenn Copeland
- Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program, 333 S. Grand Ave, P.O. Box 30195, Lansing, MI, 48909, USA
| | - Scott Roberts
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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175
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Peairs KS, Choi Y, Stewart RW, Sateia HF. Screening for breast cancer. Semin Oncol 2017; 44:60-72. [PMID: 28395765 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review will give a general overview of the impact of breast cancer, as well as breast cancer risk factors, identification of high-risk groups, screening modalities, and guidelines for screening average-risk and high-risk individuals, including a case discussion of the primary care provider's approach to screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Peairs
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Youngjee Choi
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rosalyn W Stewart
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Heather F Sateia
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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176
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Liu X, Li H, Shao B, Wu J, Kong W, Song G, Jiang H, Wang J, Wan F. Identification of recurrent BRCA1 mutation and its clinical relevance in Chinese Triple-negative breast cancer cohort. Cancer Med 2017; 6:547-554. [PMID: 28135048 PMCID: PMC5345662 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers, and is enriched for germline mutation of BRCA. In Asian patients diagnosed with breast cancer, 268 deleterious mutations of BRCA1 and 242 of BRCA2 have been identified so far, including a reported BRCA1 frameshift mutation (rs80350973), apparently found only in Asian people, with a low prevalence of 0.3–1.7% in different breast cancer cohorts. Here, we reported the high prevalence (7.2%) of rs80350973 among 125 Chinese patients with TNBC, which implies its mutational predilection for certain breast cancer subtypes. Although its low prevalence had not indicated any particular clinical significance in previous studies, our results associated rs80350973 mutation with cell checkpoint malfunction, and was found to be more common in TNBC patients with high Ki‐67 indices (P = 0.004). As Ki‐67 overexpression is a predictor of poor prognosis in TNBC, inclusion of this mutation into genetic assessments may improve the clinical management of Chinese patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Huiping Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Bin Shao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Weiyao Kong
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Guohong Song
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Hanfang Jiang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Fengling Wan
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of breast oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fucheng Road No.52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
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177
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Prevalence and spectrum of BRCA germline variants in mainland Chinese familial breast and ovarian cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 7:9600-12. [PMID: 26848529 PMCID: PMC4891063 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most penetrating genetic predispositions for breast and ovarian cancer, and their presence is largely ethnic-specific. Comprehensive information about the prevalence and spectrum of BRCA mutations has been collected in European and North American populations. However, similar information is lacking in other populations, including the mainland Chinese population despite its large size of 1.4 billion accounting for one fifth of the world's population. Herein, we performed an extensive literature analysis to collect BRCA variants identified from mainland Chinese familial breast and ovarian cancer patients. We observed 137 distinct BRCA1 variants in 409 of 3,844 and 80 distinct BRCA2 variants in 157 of 3,024 mainland Chinese patients, with an estimated prevalence of 10.6% for BRCA1 and 5.2% for BRCA2. Of these variants, only 40.3% in BRCA1 and 42.5% in BRCA2 are listed in current Breast Cancer Information Core database. We observed higher frequent variation in BRCA1 exons 11A, 11C, 11D, and 24 and BRCA2 exon 10 in Chinese patients than in the patients of other populations. The most common pathogenic variant in BRCA1 wasc.981_982delAT in exon 11A, and in BRCA2 c.3195_3198delTAAT in exon 11B and c.5576_5579delTTAA in exon 11E; the most common novel variant in BRCA1 was c.919A>G in exon 10A, and in BRCA2 c.7142delC in exon 14. None of the variants overlap with the founder mutations in other populations. Our analysis indicates that the prevalence of BRCA variation in mainland Chinese familial breast and ovarian cancer patients is at a level similar to but the spectrum is substantially different from the ones of other populations.
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178
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Feliubadaló L, Tonda R, Gausachs M, Trotta JR, Castellanos E, López-Doriga A, Teulé À, Tornero E, Del Valle J, Gel B, Gut M, Pineda M, González S, Menéndez M, Navarro M, Capellá G, Gut I, Serra E, Brunet J, Beltran S, Lázaro C. Benchmarking of Whole Exome Sequencing and Ad Hoc Designed Panels for Genetic Testing of Hereditary Cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:37984. [PMID: 28050010 PMCID: PMC5209723 DOI: 10.1038/srep37984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Next generation sequencing panels have been developed for hereditary cancer, although there is some debate about their cost-effectiveness compared to exome sequencing. The performance of two panels is compared to exome sequencing. Twenty-four patients were selected: ten with identified mutations (control set) and fourteen suspicious of hereditary cancer but with no mutation (discovery set). TruSight Cancer (94 genes) and a custom panel (122 genes) were assessed alongside exome sequencing. Eighty-three genes were targeted by the two panels and exome sequencing. More than 99% of bases had a read depth of over 30x in the panels, whereas exome sequencing covered 94%. Variant calling with standard settings identified the 10 mutations in the control set, with the exception of MSH6 c.255dupC using TruSight Cancer. In the discovery set, 240 unique non-silent coding and canonic splice-site variants were identified in the panel genes, 7 of them putatively pathogenic (in ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, ERCC3, FANCL, FANCM, MSH2). The three approaches identified a similar number of variants in the shared genes. Exomes were more expensive than panels but provided additional data. In terms of cost and depth, panels are a suitable option for genetic diagnostics, although exomes also identify variants in non-targeted genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Feliubadaló
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raúl Tonda
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireia Gausachs
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jean-Rémi Trotta
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Castellanos
- Genetic Variation in Cancer Group, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Institut de Medicina Predictiva i Personalitzada del Càncer, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adriana López-Doriga
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Àlex Teulé
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Tornero
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jesús Del Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bernat Gel
- Genetic Variation in Cancer Group, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Institut de Medicina Predictiva i Personalitzada del Càncer, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Pineda
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara González
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireia Menéndez
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Matilde Navarro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Capellá
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivo Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduard Serra
- Genetic Variation in Cancer Group, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Institut de Medicina Predictiva i Personalitzada del Càncer, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IdibGi in Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Joint Program on Hereditary Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL campus in Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
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179
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Rietjens M, Loschi P, Dias LPN. Immediate Breast Reconstruction (Direct to Implant). Breast Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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180
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Li G, Hu J, Hu G. Biomarker Studies in Early Detection and Prognosis of Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1026:27-39. [PMID: 29282678 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6020-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is characterized with enormous heterogeneity, which represents the major hurdle for accurate diagnosis and curative therapy. It is generally believed that genome unstability and molecular evolvability underlie the robustness of cancer cells in hostile microenvironment and their resilience to therapeutic intervention. Conventional histopathological classification of breast cancer falls short of providing sufficient prognostic and predictive power, and thus biomarkers indicative of tumor intrinsic features at molecular levels have been actively pursued in biomedical researches. Currently, a number of molecular biomarkers are being used in standard clinical practice, including the hormone receptors for breast cancer subtyping and several genes involved in genome maintenance for prediction of breast cancer susceptibility. In addition, a number of biomarkers of single genes or multigene signatures have been approved for clinical use for breast cancer prognosis. A growing body of molecular biomarkers are being studied and tested to facilitate disease diagnosis and management, especially for breast cancer early detection, accurate prediction of metastatic behaviors, and selection of therapy. However, most of them are still at the preclinical stages. Finally, biomarkers of noninvasive protocols, such as serological molecules, have advantages in detection convenience over other biomarker types and therefore are of particular interest in translational and clinical development to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Basourakos SP, Li L, Aparicio AM, Corn PG, Kim J, Thompson TC. Combination Platinum-based and DNA Damage Response-targeting Cancer Therapy: Evolution and Future Directions. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:1586-1606. [PMID: 27978798 PMCID: PMC5471128 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666161214114948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of genomic stability is a critical determinant of cell survival and is necessary for growth and progression of malignant cells. Interstrand crosslinking (ICL) agents, including platinum-based agents, are first-line chemotherapy treatment for many solid human cancers. In malignant cells, ICL triggers the DNA damage response (DDR). When the damage burden is high and lesions cannot be repaired, malignant cells are unable to divide and ultimately undergo cell death either through mitotic catastrophe or apoptosis. The activities of ICL agents, in particular platinum-based therapies, establish a "molecular landscape," i.e., a pattern of DNA damage that can potentially be further exploited therapeutically with DDR-targeting agents. If the molecular landscape created by platinum-based agents could be better defined at the molecular level, a systematic, mechanistic rationale(s) could be developed for the use of DDR-targeting therapies in combination/maintenance protocols for specific, clinically advanced malignancies. New therapeutic drugs such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are examples of DDR-targeting therapies that could potentially increase the DNA damage and replication stress imposed by platinum-based agents in tumor cells and provide therapeutic benefit for patients with advanced malignancies. Recent studies have shown that the use of PARP inhibitors together with platinum-based agents is a promising therapy strategy for ovarian cancer patients with "BRCAness", i.e., a phenotypic characteristic of tumors that not only can involve loss-of-function mutations in either BRCA1 or BRCA2, but also encompasses the molecular features of BRCA-mutant tumors. On the basis of these promising results, additional mechanism-based studies focused on the use of various DDR-targeting therapies in combination with platinum-based agents should be considered. This review discusses, in general, (1) ICL agents, primarily platinum-based agents, that establish a molecular landscape that can be further exploited therapeutically; (2) multiple points of potential intervention after ICL agent-induced crosslinking that further predispose to cell death and can be incorporated into a systematic, therapeutic rationale for combination/ maintenance therapy using DDR-targeting agents; and (3) available agents that can be considered for use in combination/maintenance clinical protocols with platinum-based agents for patients with advanced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon P. Basourakos
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Likun Li
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ana M. Aparicio
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul G. Corn
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeri Kim
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy C. Thompson
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Vaclová T, Woods NT, Megías D, Gomez-Lopez S, Setién F, García Bueno JM, Macías JA, Barroso A, Urioste M, Esteller M, Monteiro ANA, Benítez J, Osorio A. Germline missense pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 BRCT domain, p.Gly1706Glu and p.Ala1708Glu, increase cellular sensitivity to PARP inhibitor olaparib by a dominant negative effect. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:5287-5299. [PMID: 27742776 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-deficient cells show defects in DNA repair and rely on other members of the DNA repair machinery, which makes them sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). Although carrying a germline pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 is the best determinant of response to PARPi, a significant percentage of the patients do not show sensitivity and/or display increased toxicity to the agent. Considering previously suggested mutation-specific BRCA1 haploinsufficiency, we aimed to investigate whether there are any differences in cellular response to PARPi olaparib depending on the BRCA1 mutation type. Lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from carriers of missense pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 BRCT domain (c.5117G > A, p.Gly1706Glu and c.5123C > A, p.Ala1708Glu) showed higher sensitivity to olaparib than cells with truncating variants or wild types (WT). Response to olaparib depended on a basal PARP enzymatic activity, but did not correlate with PARP1 expression. Interestingly, cellular sensitivity to the agent was associated with the level of BRCA1 recruitment into γH2AX foci, being the lowest in cells with missense variants. Since these variants lead to partially stable protein mutants, we propose a model in which the mutant protein acts in a dominant negative manner on the WT BRCA1, impairing the recruitment of BRCA1 into DNA damage sites and, consequently, increasing cellular sensitivity to PARPi. Taken together, our results indicate that carriers of different BRCA1 mutations could benefit from olaparib in a distinct way and show different toxicities to the agent, which could be especially relevant for a potential future use of PARPi as prophylactic agents in BRCA1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Vaclová
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas T Woods
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Molecular and Biochemical Etiology Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Diego Megías
- Confocal Microscopy Core Unit, Biotechnology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Gomez-Lopez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Setién
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Macías
- Hereditary Cancer Unit, Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Barroso
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Urioste
- Familial Cancer Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro N A Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, FL, USA
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Genotyping Unit (CEGEN), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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183
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Rangel R, Lee SC, Hon-Kim Ban K, Guzman-Rojas L, Mann MB, Newberg JY, Kodama T, McNoe LA, Selvanesan L, Ward JM, Rust AG, Chin KY, Black MA, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG. Transposon mutagenesis identifies genes that cooperate with mutant Pten in breast cancer progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E7749-E7758. [PMID: 27849608 PMCID: PMC5137755 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1613859113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis of any breast cancer subtype. To better understand the genetic forces driving TNBC, we performed a transposon mutagenesis screen in a phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) mutant mice and identified 12 candidate trunk drivers and a much larger number of progression genes. Validation studies identified eight TNBC tumor suppressor genes, including the GATA-like transcriptional repressor TRPS1 Down-regulation of TRPS1 in TNBC cells promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by deregulating multiple EMT pathway genes, in addition to increasing the expression of SERPINE1 and SERPINB2 and the subsequent migration, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. Transposon mutagenesis has thus provided a better understanding of the genetic forces driving TNBC and discovered genes with potential clinical importance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rangel
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Song-Choon Lee
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
| | - Kenneth Hon-Kim Ban
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
- Deparment of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138673
| | - Liliana Guzman-Rojas
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Michael B Mann
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Justin Y Newberg
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Takahiro Kodama
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Leslie A McNoe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | | | - Jerrold M Ward
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
| | - Alistair G Rust
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, United Kingdom
| | - Kuan-Yew Chin
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
| | - Michael A Black
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Nancy A Jenkins
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
| | - Neal G Copeland
- Cancer Research Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030;
- Division of Genomics and Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Biopolis, Singapore 138673
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184
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Arpino G, Pensabene M, Condello C, Ruocco R, Cerillo I, Lauria R, Forestieri V, Giuliano M, De Angelis C, Montella M, Crispo A, De Placido S. Tumor characteristics and prognosis in familial breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:924. [PMID: 27899083 PMCID: PMC5129604 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2962-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary and their biology and prognosis appear to differ from those of sporadic breast cancers. In this study we compared the biological features and clinical characteristics of non metastatic breast cancer in patients with BRCA mutations versus patients with a family history suggesting hereditary breast cancer but without BRCA mutations (BRCA wild type) versus patients with sporadic disease, and correlated these findings with clinical outcome. METHODS We retrieved the clinical and biological data of 33 BRCA-positive, 66 BRCA-wild type and 1826 sporadic breast cancer patients contained in a single institution clinical database between 1980 and 2012. Specifically, we recorded age, tumor size, nodal status, treatment type, pattern of relapse, second primary incidence, outcome (disease-free survival and overall survival), and biological features (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PgR], tumor grade, proliferation and c-erbB2 status). Median follow-up was 70 months. RESULTS BRCA-positive patients were significantly younger than sporadic breast cancer patients, and less likely to be ER-, PgR- or c-erbB2-positive than women with BRCA-wild type or sporadic breast cancer. Tumor size and grade, nodal status and proliferation did not differ among the three groups. Rates of radical mastectomy were 58, 42 and 37%, and those of conservative surgery were 42, 58 and 63% in women with BRCA-positive, BRCA-wild type and sporadic breast cancer (p = 0.03), respectively. The incidence of contralateral breast cancer was 12, 14 and 0% (p <0.0001) and the incidence of second primary tumors (non breast) was 9, 1 and 2% (p <0.0001) in BRCA-positive, BRCA-wild type and sporadic breast cancer, respectively. Median disease-free survival in years was 29 in BRCA-wild type, 19 in BRCA-positive and 14 in sporadic breast cancer patients (log-rank = 0.007). Median overall survival in years was not reached for BRCA-wild type, 19 for BRCA-positive and 13 for sporadic breast cancer patients (log-rank <0.0001). At multivariate analyses only BRCA-wild type status was related to a significant improvement in overall survival versus the sporadic breast cancer group (HR = 0,51; 95% CI (0,28-0,93) p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS The biology and outcome of breast cancer differ between patients with BRCA mutations, patients with a family history but no BRCA mutations and patients with sporadic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Pensabene
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C. Condello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R. Ruocco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I. Cerillo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R. Lauria
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V. Forestieri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C. De Angelis
- The Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas USA
| | - M. Montella
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Crispo
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - S. De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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185
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Cerrato A, Morra F, Celetti A. Use of poly ADP-ribose polymerase [PARP] inhibitors in cancer cells bearing DDR defects: the rationale for their inclusion in the clinic. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:179. [PMID: 27884198 PMCID: PMC5123312 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage response (DDR) defects imply genomic instability and favor tumor progression but make the cells vulnerable to the pharmacological inhibition of the DNA repairing enzymes. Targeting cellular proteins like PARPs, which cooperate and complement molecular defects of the DDR process, induces a specific lethality in DDR defective cancer cells and represents an anti-cancer strategy. Normal cells can tolerate the DNA damage generated by PARP inhibition because of an efficient homologous recombination mechanism (HR); in contrast, cancer cells with a deficient HR are unable to manage the DSBs and appear especially sensitive to the PARP inhibitors (PARPi) effects. MAIN BODY In this review we discuss the proof of concept for the use of PARPi in different cancer types and the success and failure of their inclusion in clinical trials. The PARP inhibitor Olaparib [AZD2281] has been approved by the FDA for use in pretreated ovarian cancer patients with defective BRCA1/2 genes, and by the EMEA for maintenance therapy in platinum sensitive ovarian cancer patients with defective BRCA1/2 genes. BRCA mutations are now recognised as the molecular targets for PARPi sensitivity in several tumors. However, it is noteworthy that the use of PARPi has shown its efficacy also in non-BRCA related tumors. Several trials are ongoing to test different PARPi in different cancer types. Here we review the concept of BRCAness and the functional loss of proteins involved in DDR/HR mechanisms in cancer, including additional molecules that can influence the cancer cells sensitivity to PARPi. Given the complexity of the existing crosstalk between different DNA repair pathways, it is likely that a single biomarker may not be sufficient to predict the benefit of PARP inhibitors therapies. Novel general assays able to predict the DDR/HR proficiency in cancer cells and the PARPi sensitivity represent a challenge for a personalized therapy. CONCLUSIONS PARP inhibition is a potentially important strategy for managing a significant subset of tumors. The discovery of both germline and somatic DNA repair deficiencies in different cancer patients, together with the development of new PARP inhibitors that can kill selectively cancer cells is a potent example of targeting therapy to molecularly defined tumor subtypes.
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186
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Gravel A, Dubuc I, Brooks-Wilson A, Aronson KJ, Simard J, Velásquez-García HA, Spinelli JJ, Flamand L. Inherited Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6 and Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 26:425-427. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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187
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Heisey R, Carroll JC. Identification et prise en charge des femmes ayant des antécédents familiaux de cancer du sein. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:e572-e577. [PMID: 27737991 PMCID: PMC5063782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectif Résumer les meilleures données portant sur les stratégies d’identification et de prise en charge des femmes qui présentent des antécédents familiaux de cancer du sein. Sources d’information Une recherche a été effectuée sur PubMed à l’aide des mots-clés anglais suivants : breast cancer, guidelines, risk, family history, management et magnetic resonance imaging screening, entre 2000 et 2016. La plupart des données sont de niveau II. Message principal Une bonne anamnèse familiale est essentielle lors de l’évaluation du risque de cancer du sein afin d’identifier les femmes qui sont candidates à une recommandation en counseling génétique pour un éventuel test génétique. On peut sauver des vies en offrant aux femmes porteuses d’une mutation au gène BRCA des interventions chirurgicales de réduction des risques (mastectomie bilatérale prophylactique, salpingo-ovariectomie bilatérale). Il faut encourager toutes les femmes qui présentent des antécédents familiaux de cancer du sein à demeurer actives et à limiter leur consommation d’alcool à moins de 1 verre par jour; certaines femmes sont admissibles à la chimioprévention. Il faut offrir aux femmes dont le risque à vie de cancer du sein est de 20 à 25 % ou plus un dépistage poussé par imagerie par résonance magnétique en plus d’une mammographie. Conclusion Une vie saine et la chimioprévention (chez les candidates) pourraient réduire l’incidence du cancer du sein; le dépistage poussé pourrait entraîner une détection plus précoce. Le fait d’aiguiller des femmes porteuses d’une mutation au BRCA vers la chirurgie de réduction des risques sauve des vies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Heisey
- Chef du Service de médecine familiale et communautaire à l'Hôpital Women's College à Toronto, en Ontario, généraliste-oncologue à l'Hôpital Princess Margaret à Toronto, et investigatrice clinicienne et professeure agrégée au Département de médecine familiale et communautaire de l'Université de Toronto.
| | - June C Carroll
- Médecin de famille au centre Granovsky Gluskin Family Medicine Centre de l'Hôpital Mount Sinai à Toronto, et scientifique clinicienne et professeure agrégée au Département de médecine familiale et communautaire de l'Université de Toronto
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188
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Abstract
The current and future applications of genomics to the practice of preventive oncology are being impacted by a number of challenges. These include rapid advances in genomic science and technology that allow massively parallel sequencing of both tumors and the germline, a diminishing of intellectual property restrictions on diagnostic genetic applications, rapid expansion of access to the internet which includes mobile access to both genomic data and tools to communicate and interpret genetic data in a medical context, the expansion of for-profit diagnostic companies seeking to monetize genetic information, and a simultaneous effort to depict medical professionals as barriers to rather than facilitators of understanding one's genome. Addressing each of these issues will be required to bring "personalized" germline genomics to cancer prevention and care. A profound future challenge will be whether clinical cancer genomics will be "de-medicalized" by commercial interests and their advocates, or whether the future course of this field can be modulated in a responsible way that protects the public health while implementing powerful new medical tools for cancer prevention and early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
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189
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Heisey R, Carroll JC. Identification and management of women with a family history of breast cancer: Practical guide for clinicians. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:799-803. [PMID: 27737975 PMCID: PMC5063766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the best evidence on strategies to identify and manage women with a family history of breast cancer. SOURCES OF INFORMATION A PubMed search was conducted using the search terms breast cancer, guidelines, risk, family history, management, and magnetic resonance imaging screening from 2000 to 2016. Most evidence is level II. MAIN MESSAGE Taking a good family history is essential when assessing breast cancer risk in order to identify women suitable for referral to a genetic counselor for possible genetic testing. Offering risk-reducing surgery (bilateral prophylactic mastectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) to women with BRCA genetic mutations can save lives. All women with a family history of breast cancer should be encouraged to stay active and limit alcohol intake to less than 1 drink per day; some will qualify for chemoprevention. Women with a 20% to 25% or greater lifetime risk of breast cancer should be offered enhanced screening with annual magnetic resonance imaging in addition to mammography. CONCLUSION Healthy living and chemoprevention (for suitable women) could reduce breast cancer incidence; enhanced screening could result in earlier detection. Referring women who carry BRCA mutations for risk-reducing surgery will save lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Heisey
- Chief of Family and Community Medicine at Women's College Hospital in Toronto, Ont, a GP-oncologist at Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto, and Clinician Investigator and Associate Professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto.
| | - June C Carroll
- Family physician in the Granovsky Gluskin Family Medicine Centre at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto and Clinician Scientist and Associate Professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto
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190
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Jones T, Lockhart JS, Mendelsohn-Victor KE, Duquette D, Northouse LL, Duffy SA, Donley R, Merajver SD, Milliron KJ, Roberts JS, Katapodi MC. Use of Cancer Genetics Services in African-American Young Breast Cancer Survivors. Am J Prev Med 2016; 51:427-36. [PMID: 27117712 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION African-American women have higher rates of early-onset breast cancer compared with their Caucasian counterparts; yet, when diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age, they underuse genetic counseling and testing to manage their risk of developing future cancers. METHODS Self-reported baseline data were collected between September 2012 and January 2013 and analyzed in 2014 from a subpopulation of 340 African-American young breast cancer survivors (YBCSs) enrolled in an RCT. YBCSs were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ between ages 20 and 45 years and were randomly selected from a statewide cancer registry. Logistic regression examined predictors of using cancer genetics services. RESULTS Overall, 28% of the sample reported having genetic counseling and 21% reported having genetic testing, which were significantly lower (p≤0.005) compared with white/other YBCSs participating in the parent study. In a multivariate analysis, income was positively associated with counseling (B=0.254, p≤0.01) and testing (B=0.297, p≤0.01), whereas higher education levels (B=-0.328, p≤0.05) and lack of access to healthcare services owing to cost (B=-1.10, p≤0.03) were negatively associated with genetic counseling. Lower income and lack of care because of high out-of-pocket costs were commonly reported barriers. CONCLUSIONS Despite national recommendations for genetic evaluation among women with early-onset breast cancer, few African-American YBCSs reported undergoing genetic counseling and testing. Most reported that their healthcare provider did not recommend these services. Interventions addressing patient, provider, and structural healthcare system barriers to using genetic counseling and testing in this population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarsha Jones
- The Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Duquesne University School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joan S Lockhart
- Duquesne University School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Debra Duquette
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Cancer Genomics Program, Lansing, Michigan
| | | | - Sonia A Duffy
- Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rosemary Donley
- Duquesne University School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Kara J Milliron
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J Scott Roberts
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maria C Katapodi
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan; University of Basel, Institute of Nursing Science, Basel, Switzerland.
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191
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Kraus C, Hoyer J, Vasileiou G, Wunderle M, Lux MP, Fasching PA, Krumbiegel M, Uebe S, Reuter M, Beckmann MW, Reis A. Gene panel sequencing in familial breast/ovarian cancer patients identifies multiple novel mutations also in genes others than BRCA1/2. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:95-102. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Juliane Hoyer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Georgia Vasileiou
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Marius Wunderle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Michael P. Lux
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Mandy Krumbiegel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Steffen Uebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Miriam Reuter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
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192
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Vijai J, Topka S, Villano D, Ravichandran V, Maxwell KN, Maria A, Thomas T, Gaddam P, Lincoln A, Kazzaz S, Wenz B, Carmi S, Schrader KA, Hart SN, Lipkin SM, Neuhausen SL, Walsh MF, Zhang L, Lejbkowicz F, Rennert H, Stadler ZK, Robson M, Weitzel JN, Domchek S, Daly MJ, Couch FJ, Nathanson KL, Norton L, Rennert G, Offit K. A Recurrent ERCC3 Truncating Mutation Confers Moderate Risk for Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:1267-1275. [PMID: 27655433 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Known gene mutations account for approximately 50% of the hereditary risk for breast cancer. Moderate and low penetrance variants, discovered by genomic approaches, account for an as-yet-unknown proportion of the remaining heritability. A truncating mutation c.325C>T:p.Arg109* (R109X) in the ATP-dependent helicase ERCC3 was observed recurrently among exomes sequenced in BRCA wild-type, breast cancer-affected individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. Modeling of the mutation in ERCC3-deficient or CRISPR/Cas9-edited cell lines showed a consistent pattern of reduced expression of the protein and concomitant hypomorphic functionality when challenged with UVC exposure or treatment with the DNA alkylating agent IlludinS. Overexpressing the mutant protein in ERCC3-deficient cells only partially rescued their DNA repair-deficient phenotype. Comparison of frequency of this recurrent mutation in over 6,500 chromosomes of breast cancer cases and 6,800 Ashkenazi controls showed significant association with breast cancer risk (ORBC = 1.53, ORER+ = 1.73), particularly for the estrogen receptor-positive subset (P < 0.007). SIGNIFICANCE A functionally significant recurrent ERCC3 mutation increased the risk for breast cancer in a genetic isolate. Mutated cell lines showed lower survival after in vitro exposure to DNA-damaging agents. Thus, similar to tumors arising in the background of homologous repair defects, mutations in nucleotide excision repair genes such as ERCC3 could constitute potential therapeutic targets in a subset of hereditary breast cancers. Cancer Discov; 6(11); 1267-75. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1197.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vijai
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sabine Topka
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Danylo Villano
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vignesh Ravichandran
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kara N Maxwell
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ann Maria
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Tinu Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pragna Gaddam
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York
| | - Anne Lincoln
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Kazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brandon Wenz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shai Carmi
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kasmintan A Schrader
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven N Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Steve M Lipkin
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Michael F Walsh
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Mark Robson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Susan Domchek
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark J Daly
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Larry Norton
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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193
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Kar SP, Beesley J, Amin Al Olama A, Michailidou K, Tyrer J, Kote-Jarai ZS, Lawrenson K, Lindstrom S, Ramus SJ, Thompson DJ, Kibel AS, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Michael A, Dieffenbach AK, Gentry-Maharaj A, Whittemore AS, Wolk A, Monteiro A, Peixoto A, Kierzek A, Cox A, Rudolph A, Gonzalez-Neira A, Wu AH, Lindblom A, Swerdlow A, Ziogas A, Ekici AB, Burwinkel B, Karlan BY, Nordestgaard BG, Blomqvist C, Phelan C, McLean C, Pearce CL, Vachon C, Cybulski C, Slavov C, Stegmaier C, Maier C, Ambrosone CB, Høgdall CK, Teerlink CC, Kang D, Tessier DC, Schaid DJ, Stram DO, Cramer DW, Neal DE, Eccles D, Flesch-Janys D, Edwards DRV, Wokozorczyk D, Levine DA, Yannoukakos D, Sawyer EJ, Bandera EV, Poole EM, Goode EL, Khusnutdinova E, Høgdall E, Song F, Bruinsma F, Heitz F, Modugno F, Hamdy FC, Wiklund F, Giles GG, Olsson H, Wildiers H, Ulmer HU, Pandha H, Risch HA, Darabi H, Salvesen HB, Nevanlinna H, Gronberg H, Brenner H, Brauch H, Anton-Culver H, Song H, Lim HY, McNeish I, Campbell I, Vergote I, Gronwald J, Lubiński J, Stanford JL, Benítez J, Doherty JA, Permuth JB, Chang-Claude J, Donovan JL, Dennis J, Schildkraut JM, Schleutker J, Hopper JL, Kupryjanczyk J, Park JY, Figueroa J, Clements JA, Knight JA, Peto J, Cunningham JM, Pow-Sang J, Batra J, Czene K, Lu KH, Herkommer K, Khaw KT, Matsuo K, Muir K, Offitt K, Chen K, Moysich KB, Aittomäki K, Odunsi K, Kiemeney LA, Massuger LFAG, Fitzgerald LM, Cook LS, Cannon-Albright L, Hooning MJ, Pike MC, Bolla MK, Luedeke M, Teixeira MR, Goodman MT, Schmidt MK, Riggan M, Aly M, Rossing MA, Beckmann MW, Moisse M, Sanderson M, Southey MC, Jones M, Lush M, Hildebrandt MAT, Hou MF, Schoemaker MJ, Garcia-Closas M, Bogdanova N, Rahman N, Le ND, Orr N, Wentzensen N, Pashayan N, Peterlongo P, Guénel P, Brennan P, Paulo P, Webb PM, Broberg P, Fasching PA, Devilee P, Wang Q, Cai Q, Li Q, Kaneva R, Butzow R, Kopperud RK, Schmutzler RK, Stephenson RA, MacInnis RJ, Hoover RN, Winqvist R, Ness R, Milne RL, Travis RC, Benlloch S, Olson SH, McDonnell SK, Tworoger SS, Maia S, Berndt S, Lee SC, Teo SH, Thibodeau SN, Bojesen SE, Gapstur SM, Kjær SK, Pejovic T, Tammela TLJ, Dörk T, Brüning T, Wahlfors T, Key TJ, Edwards TL, Menon U, Hamann U, Mitev V, Kosma VM, Setiawan VW, Kristensen V, Arndt V, Vogel W, Zheng W, Sieh W, Blot WJ, Kluzniak W, Shu XO, Gao YT, Schumacher F, Freedman ML, Berchuck A, Dunning AM, Simard J, Haiman CA, Spurdle A, Sellers TA, Hunter DJ, Henderson BE, Kraft P, Chanock SJ, Couch FJ, Hall P, Gayther SA, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Eeles R, Pharoah PDP, Lambrechts D. Genome-Wide Meta-Analyses of Breast, Ovarian, and Prostate Cancer Association Studies Identify Multiple New Susceptibility Loci Shared by at Least Two Cancer Types. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:1052-67. [PMID: 27432226 PMCID: PMC5010513 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers are hormone-related and may have a shared genetic basis, but this has not been investigated systematically by genome-wide association (GWA) studies. Meta-analyses combining the largest GWA meta-analysis data sets for these cancers totaling 112,349 cases and 116,421 controls of European ancestry, all together and in pairs, identified at P < 10(-8) seven new cross-cancer loci: three associated with susceptibility to all three cancers (rs17041869/2q13/BCL2L11; rs7937840/11q12/INCENP; rs1469713/19p13/GATAD2A), two breast and ovarian cancer risk loci (rs200182588/9q31/SMC2; rs8037137/15q26/RCCD1), and two breast and prostate cancer risk loci (rs5013329/1p34/NSUN4; rs9375701/6q23/L3MBTL3). Index variants in five additional regions previously associated with only one cancer also showed clear association with a second cancer type. Cell-type-specific expression quantitative trait locus and enhancer-gene interaction annotations suggested target genes with potential cross-cancer roles at the new loci. Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of death receptor signaling genes near loci with P < 10(-5) in the three-cancer meta-analysis. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that combining large-scale GWA meta-analysis findings across cancer types can identify completely new risk loci common to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. We show that the identification of such cross-cancer risk loci has the potential to shed new light on the shared biology underlying these hormone-related cancers. Cancer Discov; 6(9); 1052-67. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 932.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha P Kar
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aida K Dieffenbach
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alvaro Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Gonzalez-Neira
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and Spanish National Genotyping Center (CEGEN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK. Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, UCI Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Arif B Ekici
- University Hospital Erlangen, Institute of Human Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Catherine Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Catriona McLean
- Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Chavdar Slavov
- Department of Urology, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | - Claus K Høgdall
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig C Teerlink
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Daehee Kang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Departments of Preventive Medicine and Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daniel C Tessier
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel W Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David E Neal
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK. Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine and Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dominika Wokozorczyk
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Elizabeth M Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia. Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fengju Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany. Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Faculty of Medical Science, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Departments of Cancer Epidemiology and Oncology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helga B Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany. University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, UCI Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Honglin Song
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hui-Yi Lim
- Biostatistics Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Iain McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ian Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and Spanish National Genotyping Center (CEGEN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Jennifer B Permuth
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. BioMediTech, University of Tampere and FimLab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen H Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen Herkommer
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Science, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kenneth Offitt
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radbond Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leon F A G Massuger
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Linda S Cook
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manuel Luedeke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal. Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, and Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjorie Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Markus Aly
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Minouk J Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nick Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pascal Guénel
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France. University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paula Paulo
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Per Broberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Devilee
- Departments of Human Genetics and of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reidun Kristin Kopperud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert A Stephenson
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Roberta Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sofia Maia
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sonja Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore. Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. University of Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjær
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Teuvo L J Tammela
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital and Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Tiina Wahlfors
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tim J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ute Hamann
- Frauenklinik der Stadtklinik Baden-Baden, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Vanio Mitev
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walther Vogel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - William J Blot
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wojciech Kluzniak
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amanda Spurdle
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK. Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London and Sutton, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Santarpia L, Bottai G, Kelly CM, Győrffy B, Székely B, Pusztai L. Deciphering and Targeting Oncogenic Mutations and Pathways in Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2016; 21:1063-78. [PMID: 27384237 PMCID: PMC5016060 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Advances in DNA and RNA sequencing revealed substantially greater genomic complexity in breast cancer than simple models of a few driver mutations would suggest. Only very few, recurrent mutations or copy-number variations in cancer-causing genes have been identified. The two most common alterations in breast cancer are TP53 (affecting the majority of triple-negative breast cancers) and PIK3CA (affecting almost half of estrogen receptor-positive cancers) mutations, followed by a long tail of individually rare mutations affecting <1%-20% of cases. Each cancer harbors from a few dozen to a few hundred potentially high-functional impact somatic variants, along with a much larger number of potentially high-functional impact germline variants. It is likely that it is the combined effect of all genomic variations that drives the clinical behavior of a given cancer. Furthermore, entirely new classes of oncogenic events are being discovered in the noncoding areas of the genome and in noncoding RNA species driven by errors in RNA editing. In light of this complexity, it is not unexpected that, with the exception of HER2 amplification, no robust molecular predictors of benefit from targeted therapies have been identified. In this review, we summarize the current genomic portrait of breast cancer, focusing on genetic aberrations that are actively being targeted with investigational drugs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Next-generation sequencing is now widely available in the clinic, but interpretation of the results is challenging, and its impact on treatment selection is often limited. This work provides an overview of frequently encountered molecular abnormalities in breast cancer and discusses their potential therapeutic implications. This review emphasizes the importance of administering investigational targeted therapies, or off-label use of approved targeted drugs, in the context of a formal clinical trial or registry programs to facilitate learning about the clinical utility of tumor target profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libero Santarpia
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Bottai
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Balázs Győrffy
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Borbala Székely
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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195
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Implementation of next-generation sequencing for molecular diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer highlights its genetic heterogeneity. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 159:245-56. [PMID: 27553368 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) by standard methodologies has been limited to the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. With the recent development of new sequencing methodologies, the speed and efficiency of DNA testing have dramatically improved. The aim of this work was to validate the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the detection of BRCA1/BRCA2 point mutations in a diagnostic setting and to study the role of other genes associated with HBOC in Portuguese families. A cohort of 94 high-risk families was included in the study, and they were initially screened for the two common founder mutations with variant-specific methods. Fourteen index patients were shown to carry the Portuguese founder mutation BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu, and the remaining 80 were analyzed in parallel by Sanger sequencing for the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes and by NGS for a panel of 17 genes that have been described as involved in predisposition to breast and/or ovarian cancer. A total of 506 variants in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes were detected by both methodologies, with a 100 % concordance between them. This strategy allowed the detection of a total of 39 deleterious mutations in the 94 index patients, namely 10 in BRCA1 (25.6 %), 21 in BRCA2 (53.8 %), four in PALB2 (10.3 %), two in ATM (5.1 %), one in CHEK2 (2.6 %), and one in TP53 (2.6 %), with 20.5 % of the deleterious mutations being found in genes other than BRCA1/BRCA2. These results demonstrate the efficiency of NGS for the detection of BRCA1/BRCA2 point mutations and highlight the genetic heterogeneity of HBOC.
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196
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Rump A, Benet-Pages A, Schubert S, Kuhlmann JD, Janavičius R, Macháčková E, Foretová L, Kleibl Z, Lhota F, Zemankova P, Betcheva-Krajcir E, Mackenroth L, Hackmann K, Lehmann J, Nissen A, DiDonato N, Opitz R, Thiele H, Kast K, Wimberger P, Holinski-Feder E, Emmert S, Schröck E, Klink B. Identification and Functional Testing of ERCC2 Mutations in a Multi-national Cohort of Patients with Familial Breast- and Ovarian Cancer. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006248. [PMID: 27504877 PMCID: PMC4978395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing application of gene panels for familial cancer susceptibility disorders will probably lead to an increased proposal of susceptibility gene candidates. Using ERCC2 DNA repair gene as an example, we show that proof of a possible role in cancer susceptibility requires a detailed dissection and characterization of the underlying mutations for genes with diverse cellular functions (in this case mainly DNA repair and basic cellular transcription). In case of ERCC2, panel sequencing of 1345 index cases from 587 German, 405 Lithuanian and 353 Czech families with breast and ovarian cancer (BC/OC) predisposition revealed 25 mutations (3 frameshift, 2 splice-affecting, 20 missense), all absent or very rare in the ExAC database. While 16 mutations were unique, 9 mutations showed up repeatedly with population-specific appearance. Ten out of eleven mutations that were tested exemplarily in cell-based functional assays exert diminished excision repair efficiency and/or decreased transcriptional activation capability. In order to provide evidence for BC/OC predisposition, we performed familial segregation analyses and screened ethnically matching controls. However, unlike the recently published RECQL example, none of our recurrent ERCC2 mutations showed convincing co-segregation with BC/OC or significant overrepresentation in the BC/OC cohort. Interestingly, we detected that some deleterious founder mutations had an unexpectedly high frequency of > 1% in the corresponding populations, suggesting that either homozygous carriers are not clinically recognized or homozygosity for these mutations is embryonically lethal. In conclusion, we provide a useful resource on the mutational landscape of ERCC2 mutations in hereditary BC/OC patients and, as our key finding, we demonstrate the complexity of correct interpretation for the discovery of “bonafide” breast cancer susceptibility genes. Approximately 5–10% of breast/ovarian cancer (BC/OC) cases have inherited an increased risk of developing this malignancy. However, mutations in the two major breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 explain only 15–20% of all familial BC/OC cases. With the emergence of the high throughput NGS-technology, the number of proposed novel candidate genes for breast cancer predisposition continuously increases. However, a “bonafide” proof of cancer susceptibility requires a detailed characterization of candidate mutations, which we addressed in the current study. Using the DNA repair gene ERCC2 as an example, we performed a comprehensive multi-center approach, analyzing ERCC2 mutations in 1000+ patients with hereditary BC/OC. We identified 25 potential candidate mutations for cancer breast cancer susceptibility, some of them affecting ERCC2 functional activity in appropriate cell-culture based assays. However, a more dissected analysis showed no convincing co-segregation with BC/OC and there was no longer a significant overrepresentation in BC/OC when compared to regionally matched controls instead of the global ExAc variant data base, pointing to the relevance of founder-mutations. In conclusion, we provide a useful resource on the mutational landscape of ERCC2 mutations in hereditary BC/OC patients and, as our key finding, we highlight the complexity of correct interpretation for the discovery of “bonafide” breast cancer susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rump
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Schubert
- Clinic for Dermatology Venerology and Allergology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Ramūnas Janavičius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Innovative Medicine Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Zdenek Kleibl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Lhota
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elitza Betcheva-Krajcir
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Mackenroth
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Hackmann
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Janin Lehmann
- Clinic for Dermatology Venerology and Allergology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anke Nissen
- MGZ—Medical Genetics Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Nataliya DiDonato
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Romy Opitz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Karin Kast
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Emmert
- Clinic for Dermatology Venerology and Allergology, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic of Dermatology, Rostock, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
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197
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Deniz M, Kaufmann J, Stahl A, Gundelach T, Janni W, Hoffmann I, Keimling M, Hampp S, Ihle M, Wiesmüller L. In vitro model for DNA double-strand break repair analysis in breast cancer reveals cell type-specific associations with age and prognosis. FASEB J 2016; 30:3786-3799. [PMID: 27494941 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600453r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of homologous recombination is a common denominator of changes associated with breast cancer-predisposing mutations. In our previous work, we identified a functional signature in peripheral blood lymphocytes from women who were predisposed that indicated a shift from homologous recombination to alternative, error-prone DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. To capture both hereditary and nonhereditary factors, we newly established a protocol for isolation and ex vivo analysis of epithelial cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition cells (EMTs), and fibroblasts from breast cancer specimens (147 patients). By applying a fluorescence-based test system, we analyzed the error-prone DSB repair pathway microhomology-mediated end joining in these tumor-derived cell types and peripheral blood lymphocytes. In parallel, we investigated DNA lesion processing by quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy of histone H2AX phosphorylated on Ser139 focus after radiomimetic treatment. Our study reveals elevated histone H2AX phosphorylated on Ser139 damage removal in epithelial cells, not EMTs, and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitor sensitivities, which suggested a DSB repair pathway shift with increasing patient age. Of interest, we found elevated microhomology-mediated end joining in EMTs, not epithelial cells, from patients who received a treatment recommendation of adjuvant chemotherapy, that is, those with high-risk tumors. Our discoveries of altered DSB repair activities in cells may serve as a method to further classify breast cancer to predict responsiveness to adjuvant chemotherapy and/or therapeutics that target DSB repair-dysfunctional tumors.-Deniz, M., Kaufmann, J., Stahl, A., Gundelach, T., Janni, W., Hoffmann, I., Keimling, M., Hampp, S., Ihle, M., Wiesmüller, L. In vitro model for DNA double-strand break repair analysis in breast cancer reveals cell type-specific associations with age and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Deniz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Julia Kaufmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Andreea Stahl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Theresa Gundelach
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Isabell Hoffmann
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Germany
| | - Marlen Keimling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Stephanie Hampp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Michaela Ihle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Germany; and
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Delaloge S, Bachelot T, Bidard FC, Espie M, Brain E, Bonnefoi H, Gligorov J, Dalenc F, Hardy-Bessard AC, Azria D, Jacquin JP, Lemonnier J, Jacot W, Goncalves A, Coutant C, Ganem G, Petit T, Penault-Llorca F, Debled M, Campone M, Levy C, Coudert B, Lortholary A, Venat-Bouvet L, Grenier J, Bourgeois H, Asselain B, Arvis J, Castro M, Tardivon A, Cox DG, Arveux P, Balleyguier C, André F, Rouzier R. [Breast cancer screening: On our way to the future]. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:753-63. [PMID: 27473920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a potentially lethal disease, which requires aggressive treatments and is associated with long-term consequences. Its prognosis is linked to both tumor biology and burden at diagnosis. Although treatments have allowed important improvements in prognosis over the past 20 years, breast cancer screening remains necessary. Mammographic screening allows earlier stage diagnoses and a decrease of breast cancer specific mortality. However, breast cancer screening modalities should be revised with the objective to address demonstrated limitations of mammographic screening (limited benefit, imperfect sensitivity and specificity, overdiagnoses, radiation-induced morbidity). Furthermore, both objective and perceived performances of screening procedures should be improved. Numerous large international efforts are ongoing, leading to scientific progresses that should have rapid clinical implications in this area. Among them is improvement of imaging techniques performance, development of real time diagnosis, and development of new non radiological screening techniques such as the search for circulating tumor DNA, development of biomarkers able to allow precise risk evaluation and stratified screening. As well, overtreatment is currently addressed by biomarker-based de-escalation clinical trials. These advances need to be associated with strong societal support, as well as major paradigm changes regarding the way health and cancer prevention is perceived by individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzette Delaloge
- Université Paris Saclay, institut Gustave-Roussy, département de médecine oncologique, Inserm U981, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Centre Léon-Bérard, département de cancérologie médicale, 28, rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - François-Clément Bidard
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Espie
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Brain
- Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Hervé Bonnefoi
- Université de Bordeaux, institut Bergonie, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Joseph Gligorov
- Hôpital Tenon, université Paris-Sorbonne, Inserm U938, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Florence Dalenc
- Institut universitaire du cancer-Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | | | - David Azria
- Université de Montpellier, institut du cancer, IRCM U1194, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Jacquin
- Institut de cancérologie de la Loire, 108 B, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | | | - William Jacot
- Université de Montpellier, institut du cancer, IRCM U1194, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Goncalves
- Université Aix-Marseille, institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm U1068, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Charles Coutant
- Université de Bourgogne, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gérard Ganem
- Centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Thierry Petit
- Université de Strasbourg, centre Paul-Strauss, 3, rue de la Porte-de-l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Marc Debled
- Université de Bordeaux, institut Bergonie, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mario Campone
- Institut d'oncologie de l'Ouest, Inserm U892, IRT-UN, 8, quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes cedex, France
| | - Christelle Levy
- Centre François-Baclesse, 3, avenue du Général-Harris, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Bruno Coudert
- Université de Bourgogne, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alain Lortholary
- Centre Catherine-de-Sienne, 2, rue Éric-Tabarly, 44202 Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Venat-Bouvet
- CHU de Limoges, service d'oncologie médicale, 22, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Julien Grenier
- Institut Sainte-Catherine, 250, chemin de Baignes-Pieds, 84918 Avignon cedex 9, France
| | | | | | - Johanna Arvis
- Ligue nationale contre le cancer, comité du Lot, 28, boulevard Gambetta, 46000 Cahors, France
| | - Martine Castro
- Europadonna France, 14, rue Corvisart, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Anne Tardivon
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David G Cox
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, 69000 Lyon, France; Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Arveux
- Registre de Côte d'Or, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Corinne Balleyguier
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, département d'imagerie médicale, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice André
- Université Paris Saclay, institut Gustave-Roussy, département de médecine oncologique, Inserm U981, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
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199
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Cochran RL, Cidado J, Kim M, Zabransky DJ, Croessmann S, Chu D, Wong HY, Beaver JA, Cravero K, Erlanger B, Parsons H, Heaphy CM, Meeker AK, Lauring J, Park BH. Functional isogenic modeling of BRCA1 alleles reveals distinct carrier phenotypes. Oncotarget 2016; 6:25240-51. [PMID: 26246475 PMCID: PMC4694828 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical genetic testing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is commonly performed to identify specific individuals at risk for breast and ovarian cancers who may benefit from prophylactic therapeutic interventions. Unfortunately, it is evident that deleterious BRCA1 alleles demonstrate variable penetrance and that many BRCA1 variants of unknown significance (VUS) exist. In order to further refine hereditary risks that may be associated with specific BRCA1 alleles, we performed gene targeting to establish an isogenic panel of immortalized human breast epithelial cells harboring eight clinically relevant BRCA1 alleles. Interestingly, BRCA1 mutations and VUS had distinct, quantifiable phenotypes relative to isogenic parental BRCA1 wild type cells and controls. Heterozygous cells with known deleterious BRCA1 mutations (185delAG, C61G and R71G) demonstrated consistent phenotypes in radiation sensitivity and genomic instability assays, but showed variability in other assays. Heterozygous BRCA1 VUS cells also demonstrated assay variability, with some VUS demonstrating phenotypes more consistent with deleterious alleles. Taken together, our data suggest that BRCA1 deleterious mutations and VUS can differ in their range of tested phenotypes, suggesting they might impart varying degrees of risk. These results demonstrate that functional isogenic modeling of BRCA1 alleles could aid in classifying BRCA1 mutations and VUS, and determining BRCA allele cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory L Cochran
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Minsoo Kim
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Zabransky
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Croessmann
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Chu
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hong Yuen Wong
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julia A Beaver
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bracha Erlanger
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heather Parsons
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan K Meeker
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josh Lauring
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ben Ho Park
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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200
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Can the response to a platinum-based therapy be predicted by the DNA repair status in non-small cell lung cancer? Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 48:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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