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Patients’ NK cell stimulation with activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells increases dinutuximab-induced neuroblastoma killing. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1767-1779. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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152
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Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19. Antiviral Res 2020; 178:104791. [PMID: 32275914 PMCID: PMC7138382 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 interferons have a broad antiviral activity in vitro and are currently evaluated in a clinical trial to treat MERS-CoV. In this review, we discuss preliminary data concerning the potential activity of type 1 interferons on SARS-CoV-2, and the relevance of evaluating these molecules in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19. Interferon treatment has shown mixed efficiency against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 is probably more sensitive to interferon than the other coronaviruses. The IFNβ subtype appears to be the most suited for COVID-19 treatment. Interferon treatment should be performed in the early stages of the infection. Investigation on interferon-based COVID-19 treatment is warranted.
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153
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Patinote C, Karroum NB, Moarbess G, Cirnat N, Kassab I, Bonnet PA, Deleuze-Masquéfa C. Agonist and antagonist ligands of toll-like receptors 7 and 8: Ingenious tools for therapeutic purposes. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112238. [PMID: 32203790 PMCID: PMC7173040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the TLRs family and more precisely its functions opened a variety of gates to modulate immunological host responses. TLRs 7/8 are located in the endosomal compartment and activate a specific signaling pathway in a MyD88-dependant manner. According to their involvement into various autoimmune, inflammatory and malignant diseases, researchers have designed diverse TLRs 7/8 ligands able to boost or block the inherent signal transduction. These modulators are often small synthetic compounds and most act as agonists and to a much lesser extent as antagonists. Some of them have reached preclinical and clinical trials, and only one has been approved by the FDA and EMA, imiquimod. The key to the success of these modulators probably lies in their combination with other therapies as recently demonstrated. We gather in this review more than 360 scientific publications, reviews and patents, relating the extensive work carried out by researchers on the design of TLRs 7/8 modulators, which are classified firstly by their biological activities (agonist or antagonist) and then by their chemical structures, which total syntheses are not discussed here. This review also reports about 90 clinical cases, thereby showing the biological interest of these modulators in multiple pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Patinote
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Nour Bou Karroum
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Tumorigenèse et Pharmacologie Antitumorale, Lebanese University, EDST, BP 90656, Fanar Jdeideh, Lebanon
| | - Georges Moarbess
- Tumorigenèse et Pharmacologie Antitumorale, Lebanese University, EDST, BP 90656, Fanar Jdeideh, Lebanon
| | - Natalina Cirnat
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Issam Kassab
- Tumorigenèse et Pharmacologie Antitumorale, Lebanese University, EDST, BP 90656, Fanar Jdeideh, Lebanon
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154
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Zhou L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Sun W, Dai T, Wang A, Wu X, Zhang S, Wang S, Zhou F. A Dual Role of Type I Interferons in Antitumor Immunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900237. [PMID: 33245214 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are a family of cytokines that exert direct antiviral effects and regulate innate and adaptive immune responses through direct and indirect mechanisms. It is generally believed that IFN-Is repress tumor development via restricting tumor proliferation and inducing antitumor immune responses. However, recent emerging evidence suggests that IFN-Is play a dual role in antitumor immunity. That is, in the early stage of tumorigenesis, IFN-Is promote the antitumor immune response by enhancing antigen presentation in antigen-presenting cells and activating CD8+ T cells. However, in the late stage of tumor progression, persistent expression of IFN-Is induces the expression of immunosuppressive factors (PD-L1, IDO, and IL-10) on the surface of dendritic cells and other bone marrow cells and inhibits their antitumor immunity. This review outlines these dual functions of IFN-Is in antitumor immunity and elucidates the involved mechanisms, as well as their applications in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wenhuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Tong Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pharmacology, Base for international Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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155
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Han X, Wang C, Tang D, Shi Y, Gao M. Association of genetic polymorphisms in chromosome 9p21 with risk of ischemic stroke. Cytokine 2020; 127:154921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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156
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Liu F, Wang T, Petit J, Forlenza M, Chen X, Chen L, Zou J, Secombes CJ. Evolution of IFN subgroups in bony fish - 2. analysis of subgroup appearance and expansion in teleost fish with a focus on salmonids. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:564-573. [PMID: 32001354 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A relatively large repertoire of type I interferon (IFN) genes is apparent in rainbow trout/Atlantic salmon, that includes six different IFN subgroups (IFNa-IFNf) belonging to the three known type I IFN groups (1-3) in bony fish. Whether this is true for other salmonids, and how the various type I subgroups evolved in teleost fish was studied using the extensive genomic resources available for fish. This confirmed that salmonids, at least the Salmoninae, indeed have a complex (in terms of IFN subgroups present) and large (number of genes) IFN repertoire relative to other teleost fish. This is in part a consequence of the salmonid 4 R WGD that duplicated the growth hormone (GH) locus in which type I IFNs are generally located. Divergence of the IFN genes at the two GH loci was apparent but was not seen in common carp, a species that also underwent an independent 4 R WGD. However, expansion of IFN gene number can be found at the CD79b locus of some perciform fish (both freshwater and marine), with expansion of the IFNd gene repertoire. Curiously the primordial gene order of GH-IFNc-IFNb-IFNa-IFNe is largely retained in many teleost lineages and likely reflects the tandem duplications that are taking place to increase IFN gene number. With respect to the evolution of the IFN subgroups, a complex acquisition and/or loss has occurred in different teleost lineages, with complete loss of IFN genes at the GH or CD79b locus in some species, and reduction to a single IFN subgroup in others. It becomes clear that there are many variations to be discovered regarding the mechanisms by which fish elicit protective (antiviral) immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuguo Liu
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Jules Petit
- Wageningen University & Research, Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Science, 6708WD, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Forlenza
- Wageningen University & Research, Cell Biology & Immunology Group, Department of Animal Science, 6708WD, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK.
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157
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Scalavino V, Liso M, Serino G. Role of microRNAs in the Regulation of Dendritic Cell Generation and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041319. [PMID: 32075292 PMCID: PMC7072926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells with a key role in immune responses. They act as a link between the innate and adaptive systems and they can induce and maintain immunologic tolerance. DCs are subdivided into conventional and plasmacytoid DCs. These cell subsets originate from the same bone marrow precursors and their differentiation process is determined by several extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as cytokines, transcription factors, and miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in modulating physiological and pathological processes mediated by DCs. miRNA deregulation affects many inflammatory conditions and diseases. The aim of this review was to underline the importance of miRNAs in inflammatory processes mediated by DCs in physiological and pathological conditions and to highlight their potential application for future therapies.
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158
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Li T, Wu J, Zhu S, Zang G, Li S, Lv X, Yue W, Qiao Y, Cui J, Shao Y, Zhang J, Liu YJ, Chen J. A Novel C Type CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Exhibits Immunostimulatory Activity In Vitro and Enhances Antitumor Effect In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:8. [PMID: 32116691 PMCID: PMC7015978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C type CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-C ODNs), possessing the features of both A type and B type CpG ODNs, exert a variety of immunostimulatory activities and have been demonstrated as an effective antitumor immunotherapy. Based on the structural characteristics, we designed 20 potential ODNs with the aim of synthesizing an optimal, novel CpG-C ODN specific to human and murine Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). We also sought to investigate the in vitro immunostimulatory and in vivo antitumor effects of the novel CpG-C ODN. Methods Twenty potential CpG-C ODNs were screened for their ability to secrete interferon (IFN)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production for the three most promising sequences were assayed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or cytometric bead array assay. The functions of human and mouse B cells, and cytokine production in mice induced by the most promising sequence, HP06T07, were determined by flow cytometry and ELISA. Growth and morphology of tumor tissues in in vivo murine models inoculated with CT26 cells were analyzed by a growth inhibition assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results Among the 20 designed ODNs, HP06T07 significantly induced IFN-α, IL-6, and TNF-α secretion, and promoted B-cell activation and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in human PBMCs and mouse splenocytes in vitro. Intratumoral injection of HP06T07 notably suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival in the CT26 subcutaneous mouse model in a dose-dependent manner. HP06T07 administered nine times at 2-day intervals (I2) eradicated tumor growth at both primary and distant sites of CT26 tumors. HP06T07 restrained tumor growth by increasing the infiltration of T cells, NK cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Conclusions HP06T07, a novel CpG-C ODN, shows potent immunostimulatory activity in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in the CT26 subcutaneous mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tete Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoxia Zang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinping Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjun Yue
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Changchun Huapu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Changchun Huapu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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159
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Zhan Y, Kong I, Chopin M, Macri C, Zhang JG, Xie J, Nutt SL, O'Keeffe M, Hawkins ED, Morand EF, Lew AM. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells from parent strains of the NZB/W F1 lupus mouse contribute different characteristics to autoimmune propensity. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:203-214. [PMID: 31916630 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The NZB/W F1 (F1) mice develop severe disease that is similar to human systemic lupus erythematosus. By contrast, each parent strain, NZB or NZW, has limited autoimmunity, suggesting traits of both strains contribute to pathogenesis. Although many of the contributing genes have been identified, the contributing cellular abnormality associated with each parent strain remains unresolved. Given that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are key to the pathogenesis of lupus, we investigated the properties of pDCs from NZB and NZW mice. We found that NZB mouse had higher numbers of pDCs, with much of the increase being contributed by a more abundant CD8+ pDC subset. This was associated with prolonged survival and stronger proliferation of CD4+ T cells. By contrast, NZW pDCs had heightened capacity to produce interferon-α (IFNα) and IFNλ, and promoted stronger B-cell proliferation upon CpG stimulation. Thus, our data reveal the different functional and numerical characteristics of pDCs from NZW and NZB mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhan
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabella Kong
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Chopin
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christophe Macri
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiaying Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric F Morand
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M Lew
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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160
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Mohammadi Barzelighi H, Daraei B, Dastan F. Approaches for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Pharmacologic View and Literature Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:258-281. [PMID: 33680028 PMCID: PMC7757982 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113821.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of a novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) inducing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was identified in Hubei province of China in December 2019 and rapidly spread worldwide as pandemic and became a public health concern. COVID-19 disease is caused by a new virus known as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), which has recently offered many challenges and efforts to identify effective drugs for its prevention and treatment. Currently, there is no proven effective approach and medication against this virus. Quickly expanding clinical trials and studies on Coronavirus disease 2019 increase our knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 virus and introduce several potential drugs targeting virus moiety or host cell elements. Overall, 3 stages were suggested for SARS-CoV-2 infection according to the disease severity, clinical manifestations, and treatment outcomes, including mild, moderate, and severe. This review aimed to classify and summarize several medications and potential therapies according to the disease 3 stages; however, it is worth noting that no medication and therapy has been effective so far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahram Daraei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Dastan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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161
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Wu M, Gao L, He M, Liu H, Jiang H, Shi K, Shang R, Liu B, Gao S, Chen H, Gong F, Gelfand EW, Huang Y, Han J. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell deficiency in neonates enhances allergic airway inflammation via reduced production of IFN-α. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:519-532. [PMID: 31853001 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma, a chronic inflammatory airway disease associated with type 2 cytokines, often originates in early life. Immune responses at an early age exhibit a Th2 cell bias, but the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which play a regulatory role in allergic asthma, were shown to be deficient in neonatal mice. We report here that this pDC deficiency renders neonatal mice more susceptible to severe allergic airway inflammation than adult mice in an OVA-induced experimental asthma model. Adoptive transfer of pDCs or administration of IFN-α to neonatal mice prevented the development of allergic inflammation in wild type but not in IFNAR1-/- mice. Similarly, adult mice developed more severe allergic inflammation when pDCs were depleted. The protective effects of pDCs were mediated by the pDC-/IFN-α-mediated negative regulation of the secretion of epithelial cell-derived CCL20, GM-CSF, and IL-33, which in turn impaired the recruitment of cDC2 and ILC2 cells to the airway. In asthmatic patients, the percentage of pDCs and the level of IFN-α were lower in children than in adults. These results indicate that impairment of pDC-epithelial cell crosstalk in neonates is a susceptibility factor for the development of allergen-induced allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liuchuang Gao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hangyu Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ketai Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runshi Shang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hebin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feili Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Erwin W Gelfand
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Yafei Huang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyan Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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162
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Goraya MU, Zaighum F, Sajjad N, Anjum FR, Sakhawat I, Rahman SU. Web of interferon stimulated antiviral factors to control the influenza A viruses replication. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103919. [PMID: 31830579 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause mild to severe infections in animals and humans worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. Infection of eukaryotic cells with influenza A viruses triggers the induction of innate immune system through the interaction between pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which culminate in the induction of interferons (IFNs). Consequently, IFNs bind to their cognate receptors on the cellular membrane and activate the signaling pathway for transcriptional regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Cumulative actions of these ISGs establish an antiviral state of the host. Several ISGs have been described, which play critical roles to inhibit the infection and replication of influenza A viruses at multiple steps of virus life cycle. In this review, the dynamics and redundancy of these ISGs against influenza A viruses are discussed. Additionally, current understanding and molecular mechanisms that are underlying the roles of ISGs in pathogenesis of influenza virus are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsan Ullah Goraya
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Nelam Sajjad
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Faisal Rasheed Anjum
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Sakhawat
- School of Science and Technology, Orebro University, SE-70182, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Sajjad Ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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163
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Netravali IA, Cariappa A, Yates K, Haining WN, Bertocchi A, Allard-Chamard H, Rosenberg I, Pillai S. 9-O-acetyl sialic acid levels identify committed progenitors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Glycobiology 2019; 29:861-875. [PMID: 31411667 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The origins of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have long been controversial and progenitors exclusively committed to this lineage have not been described. We show here that the fate of hematopoietic progenitors is determined in part by their surface levels of 9-O-acetyl sialic acid. Pro-pDCs were identified as lineage negative 9-O-acetyl sialic acid low progenitors that lack myeloid and lymphoid potential but differentiate into pre-pDCs. The latter cells are also lineage negative, 9-O-acetyl sialic acid low cells but are exclusively committed to the pDC lineage. Levels of 9-O-acetyl sialic acid provide a distinct way to define progenitors and thus facilitate the study of hematopoietic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka A Netravali
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Annaiah Cariappa
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kathleen Yates
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Pediatric Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - W Nicholas Haining
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Pediatric Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alice Bertocchi
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Hugues Allard-Chamard
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé de l', Université de Sherbrooke et Centre de Recherche Clinique Étienne-Le Bel, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Ian Rosenberg
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Shiv Pillai
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139 and The MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Aslam MS, Gull I, Mahmood MS, Iqbal MM, Abbas Z, Tipu I, Ahmed A, Athar MA. High yield expression, characterization, and biological activity of IFNα2-Tα1 fusion protein. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:281-291. [PMID: 31718419 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1689509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of interferon α-2 in combination with thymosin α-1 shows higher anti-cancer effect in comparison when both are used individually because of their synergistic effects. In this study we produced an important human interferon α-2-thymosin α-1 (IFNα2-Tα1) fusion protein with probable pharmaceutical properties coupled to its high-level expression, characterization, and study of its biological activity. The IFNα2-Tα1 fusion gene was constructed by over-lap extension PCR and expressed in Escherichia coli expression system. The expression of IFNα2-Tα1 fusion protein was optimized to higher level and its maximum expression was obtained in modified terrific broth medium when lactose was used as inducer. The fusion protein was refolded into its native biologically active form with maximum yield of 83.14% followed by purification with ∼98% purity and 69% final yield. A band of purified IFNα2-Tα1 fusion protein equal to ∼23 kDa was observed on 12 % SDS-PAGE gel. The integrity of IFNα2-Tα1 fusion protein was confirmed by western blot analysis and secondary structure was assessed by CD spectroscopy. When IFNα2-Tα1 fusion protein was subjected to its biological activity analysis it was observed that it exhibits both IFNα2 & Tα1 activities as well as significantly higher anticancer activity as compared to IFNα-2 alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iram Gull
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Zaigham Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Tipu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin Athar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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165
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Maarifi G, Smith N, Maillet S, Moncorgé O, Chamontin C, Edouard J, Sohm F, Blanchet FP, Herbeuval JP, Lutfalla G, Levraud JP, Arhel NJ, Nisole S. TRIM8 is required for virus-induced IFN response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax3511. [PMID: 31799391 PMCID: PMC6867881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a crucial role in antiviral innate immunity through their unique capacity to produce large amounts of type I interferons (IFNs) upon viral detection. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have recently come forth as important modulators of innate signaling, but their involvement in pDCs has not been investigated. Here, we performed a rationally streamlined small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based screen of TRIM proteins in human primary pDCs to identify those that are critical for the IFN response. Among candidate hits, TRIM8 emerged as an essential regulator of IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) function. Mechanistically, TRIM8 protects phosphorylated IRF7 (pIRF7) from proteasomal degradation in an E3 ubiquitin ligase-independent manner by preventing its recognition by the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1. Our findings uncover a previously unknown regulatory mechanism of type I IFN production in pDCs by which TRIM8 and Pin1 oppositely regulate the stability of pIRF7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikaïa Smith
- CBMIT, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Maillet
- IRIM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Joanne Edouard
- AMAGEN, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Sohm
- AMAGEN, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Levraud
- Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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166
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Imaizumi T, Kobayashi A, Otsubo S, Komai M, Magara M, Otsubo N. The discovery and optimization of a series of 2-aminobenzoxazole derivatives as ChemR23 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115091. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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167
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Fucikova J, Palova-Jelinkova L, Bartunkova J, Spisek R. Induction of Tolerance and Immunity by Dendritic Cells: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2393. [PMID: 31736936 PMCID: PMC6830192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key regulators of immune responses that operate at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, and defects in DC functions contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders. For instance, cancer evolves in the context of limited DC activity, and some autoimmune diseases are initiated by DC-dependent antigen presentation. Thus, correcting aberrant DC functions stands out as a promising therapeutic paradigm for a variety of diseases, as demonstrated by an abundant preclinical and clinical literature accumulating over the past two decades. However, the therapeutic potential of DC-targeting approaches remains to be fully exploited in the clinic. Here, we discuss the unique features of DCs that underlie the high therapeutic potential of DC-targeting strategies and critically analyze the obstacles that have prevented the full realization of this promising paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Palova-Jelinkova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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168
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Ross KM, Carroll JE, Dunkel Schetter C, Hobel C, Cole SW. Pro-inflammatory immune cell gene expression during the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with shorter gestational length and lower birthweight. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 82:e13190. [PMID: 31529581 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Altered maternal immune function predicts risk for shorter gestation and low birthweight. Few studies examine associations between prenatal immune cell gene expression and gestational length or birthweight. No studies examine which cell types drive associations. The purpose of this study is to explore associations between peripheral blood immune cell gene expression and gestational length and birthweight, using transcript origin analysis. METHOD OF STUDY Eighty-nine women were drawn from the Community Child Health Network cohort. Third trimester maternal dried blood spots were used for genome-wide transcriptional (mRNA) profiling. Gestational length and birthweight were obtained from medical charts. Covariates were age, race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking, gestational age at blood sampling, and pregnancy infections. Associations between gene expression profiles and gestational length and birthweight were tested using general linear models. The Transcription Element Listening System (TELiS) bioinformatics analysis quantified upstream transcription factor activity. Transcript origin analysis identified leukocyte subsets mediating observed effects. RESULTS Shorter gestation was predicted by increased NF-kB (TFBM ratio = -0.582 ± 0.172, P < .001) and monocyte activity (diagnosticity score = 0.172 ± 0.054, P < .001). Longer gestation was associated with increased dendritic cell activity (diagnosticity score = 0.194 ± 0.039, P < .001). Increased AP-1 activity predicted lower birthweight (TFBM ratio = -0.240 ± 0.111, P = .031). Dendritic cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells predicted birthweight-related gene expression differences (diagnosticity score P's < 0.021). CONCLUSION Higher third trimester pro-inflammatory gene expression predicted shorter gestation and lower birthweight. Variations in monocyte and dendritic cell biology contributed to both effects, and T-cell biology contributed to higher birthweight. These analyses clarify the role of myeloid/lymphoid lineage immune regulation in pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kharah M Ross
- Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Judith E Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Calvin Hobel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Steve W Cole
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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169
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Balkrishna A, Sakat SS, Joshi K, Joshi K, Sharma V, Ranjan R, Bhattacharya K, Varshney A. Cytokines Driven Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Psoriasis Like Efficacies of Nutraceutical Sea Buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides) Oil. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1186. [PMID: 31680964 PMCID: PMC6797847 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by circumscribed, red, thickened plaques with overlying silvery white scales. It is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory mediators that lead to the development of edema and distress. Here we show the anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriatic efficacies of a neutraceutical sea buckthorn oil (SBKT) derived from the fruit pulp of Hippophae rhamnoides. Chemical analysis of the SBKT showed the presence of 16 major saturated, mono-, and polyunsaturated fatty acids components, imparting significant nutritional values. Efficacy of the SBKT in modulating psoriasis and associated inflammation was first tested in vitro using human monocytic (THP-1) cells. SBKT induced cytotoxicity at a dose of ≥25 µl/ml. Treatment of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells with SBKT subdued the enhanced release of intracellular reactive nitrogen species and expression of NF-κB protein, in a concentration-dependent manner. This was accompanied by a reduction in the release of downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines: Interleukin-1ß and interleukin-6. Tumor necrosis factor-α released in the stimulated THP-1 cells were also inhibited by SBKT dose of 5 µl/ml. In vivo oral and topical treatment with SBKT in the Carrageenan-stimulated paw edema model, showed a significant decrease in paw volume and edema. In the 12-O tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated CD-1 mice psoriasis-like model, concurrent oral and tropical SBKT treatments substantially reduced ear edema and ear biopsy weights. Histopathologically, significant reduction in ear epidermal thickness and skin lesion scores was observed in the SBKT-treated animals. In conclusion, SBKT showed anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriasis-like efficacies in healing chemical-induced inflammation and psoriasis. The possible mode of action of SBKT was found through inhibition of reactive nitrogen species, and downregulation of NF-κB protein and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the present data suggest that Sea buckthorn oil can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriatic nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India.,Department of Allied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali YogPeeth, Haridwar, India
| | - Sachin Shridhar Sakat
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Kheemraj Joshi
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Kamal Joshi
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Ravikant Ranjan
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India.,Department of Allied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali YogPeeth, Haridwar, India
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170
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Lu KL, Wu MY, Wang CH, Wang CW, Hung SI, Chung WH, Chen CB. The Role of Immune Checkpoint Receptors in Regulating Immune Reactivity in Lupus. Cells 2019; 8:E1213. [PMID: 31597242 PMCID: PMC6829486 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint receptors with co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals are important modulators for the immune system. However, unrestricted co-stimulation and/or inadequate co-inhibition may cause breakdown of self-tolerance, leading to autoimmunity. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multi-organ disease with skewed and dysregulated immune responses interacting with genetics and the environment. The close connections between co-signaling pathways and SLE have gradually been established in past research. Also, the recent success of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer therapy illustrates the importance of the co-inhibitory receptors in cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, immune checkpoint blockade could result in substantial immune-related adverse events that mimic autoimmune diseases, including lupus. Together, immune checkpoint regulators represent viable immunotherapeutic targets for the treatment of both autoimmunity and cancer. Therefore, it appears reasonable to treat SLE by restoring the out-of-order co-signaling axis or by manipulating collateral pathways to control the pathogenic immune responses. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the relationships between SLE and the co-signaling pathways of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, and highlight their potential clinical implications. Current clinical trials targeting the specific co-signaling axes involved in SLE help to advance such knowledge, but further in-depth exploration is still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lin Lu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ying Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hui Wang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Chuang-Wei Wang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Iu Hung
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen 361000, China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (M.-Y.W.); , (C.-W.W.); (S.-I.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen 361000, China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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171
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating and heterogeneous autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, and for which the underlying causes are unknown. The majority of SLE patients produce autoantibodies, have increased levels of type-I inflammatory cytokines, and can develop glomerulonephritis. Recent studies indicate an unexpected but strong association between increased disease activity in SLE patients and the expression of the DNA-binding protein ARID3a (A + T rich interaction domain protein 3a) in a number of peripheral blood cell types. ARID3a expression was first associated with autoantibody production in B cells; however, more recent findings also indicate associations with expression of the inflammatory cytokine interferon alpha in SLE plasmacytoid dendritic cells and low-density neutrophils. In addition, ARID3a is expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and some adult kidney progenitor cells. SLE cells expressing enhanced ARID3a levels show differential gene expression patterns compared with homologous healthy control cells, identifying new pathways potentially regulated by ARID3a. The associations of ARID3a expression with increased disease severity in SLE, suggest that it, or its downstream targets, may provide new therapeutic targets for SLE.
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172
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Frutoso M, Mortier E. NK Cell Hyporesponsiveness: More Is Not Always Better. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184514. [PMID: 31547251 PMCID: PMC6770168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of cytotoxic lymphocytes that play an important role in the innate immune system. They are of particular interest for their role in elimination of intracellular pathogens, viral infection and tumor cells. As such, numerous strategies are being investigated in order to potentiate their functions. One of these techniques aims at promoting the function of their activating receptors. However, different observations have revealed that providing activation signals could actually be counterproductive and lead to NK cells’ hyporesponsiveness. This phenomenon can occur during the NK cell education process, under pathological conditions, but also after treatment with different agents, including cytokines, that are promising tools to boost NK cell function. In this review, we aim to highlight the different circumstances where NK cells become hyporesponsive and the methods that could be used to restore their functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Frutoso
- CRCINA, CNRS, Inserm, University of Nantes, F-44200 Nantes, France.
- LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France.
| | - Erwan Mortier
- CRCINA, CNRS, Inserm, University of Nantes, F-44200 Nantes, France.
- LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France.
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173
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Barrat FJ, Su L. A pathogenic role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in autoimmunity and chronic viral infection. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1974-1985. [PMID: 31420375 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the discovery of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and of their extraordinary ability to produce type I IFNs (IFN-I) in response to TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation, it is assumed that their main function is to participate in the antiviral response. There is increasing evidence suggesting that pDCs and/or IFN-I can also have a detrimental role in a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, in the context of chronic viral infections and in cancers. Whether these cells should be targeted in patients and how much of their biology is connected to IFN-I production remains unclear and is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck J Barrat
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Lishan Su
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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174
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Raychaudhuri D, Bhattacharya R, Sinha BP, Liu CSC, Ghosh AR, Rahaman O, Bandopadhyay P, Sarif J, D'Rozario R, Paul S, Das A, Sarkar DK, Chattopadhyay S, Ganguly D. Lactate Induces Pro-tumor Reprogramming in Intratumoral Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1878. [PMID: 31440253 PMCID: PMC6692712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are the most efficient producers of type I interferons, viz. IFNα, in the body and thus have the ability to influence anti-tumor immune responses. But repression of effective intra-tumoral pDC activation is a key immuno-evasion strategy exhibited in tumors—tumor-recruited pDCs are rendered “tolerogenic,” characterized by deficiency in IFNα induction and ability to expand regulatory T cells in situ. But the tumor-derived factors that drive this functional reprogramming of intra-tumoral pDCs are not established. In this study we aimed at exploring if intra-tumoral abundance of the oncometabolite lactate influences intra-tumoral pDC function. We found that lactate attenuates IFNα induction by pDCs mediated by intracellular Ca2+ mobilization triggered by cell surface GPR81 receptor as well as directly by cytosolic import of lactate in pDCs through the cell surface monocarboxylate transporters, affecting cellular metabolism needed for effective pDC activation. We also found that lactate enhances tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine production by pDCs which contribute to induction of FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells, the major immunosuppressive immune cell subset in tumor microenvironment. We validated these mechanisms of lactate-driven pDC reprogramming by looking into tumor recruited pDCs isolated from patients with breast cancers as well as in a preclinical model of breast cancer in mice. Thus, we discovered a hitherto unknown link between intra-tumoral abundance of an oncometabolite resulting from metabolic adaptation in cancer cells and the pro-tumor tolerogenic function of tumor-recruited pDCs, revealing new therapeutic targets for potentiating anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Roopkatha Bhattacharya
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Sinha
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinky Shiu Chen Liu
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrit Raj Ghosh
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Oindrila Rahaman
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Jafar Sarif
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Santu Paul
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Das
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Diptendra K Sarkar
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Samit Chattopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Chai JT, Ruparelia N, Goel A, Kyriakou T, Biasiolli L, Edgar L, Handa A, Farrall M, Watkins H, Choudhury RP. Differential Gene Expression in Macrophages From Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Shows Convergence on Pathways Implicated by Genome-Wide Association Study Risk Variants. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2718-2730. [PMID: 30354237 PMCID: PMC6217969 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— Plaque macrophages are intricately involved in atherogenesis and plaque destabilization. We sought to identify functional pathways in human plaque macrophages that are differentially regulated in respect of (1) plaque stability and (2) lipid content. We hypothesized that differentially regulated macrophage gene sets would relate to genome-wide association study variants associated with risk of acute complications of atherosclerosis. Approach and Results— Forty patients underwent carotid magnetic resonance imaging for lipid quantification before endarterectomy. Carotid plaque macrophages were procured by laser capture microdissection from (1) lipid core and (2) cap region, in 12 recently symptomatic and 12 asymptomatic carotid plaques. Applying gene set enrichment analysis, a number of gene sets were found to selectively upregulate in symptomatic plaque macrophages, which corresponded to 7 functional pathways: inflammation, lipid metabolism, hypoxic response, cell proliferation, apoptosis, antigen presentation, and cellular energetics. Predicted upstream regulators included IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB. In vivo lipid quantification by magnetic resonance imaging correlated most strongly with the upregulation of genes of the IFN/STAT1 pathways. Cross-interrogation of gene set enrichment analysis and meta-analysis gene set enrichment of variant associations showed lipid metabolism pathways, driven by genes coding for APOE and ABCA1/G1 coincided with known risk-associated SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) from genome-wide association studies. Conclusions— Macrophages from recently symptomatic carotid plaques show differential regulation of functional gene pathways. There were additional quantitative relationships between plaque lipid content and key gene sets. The data show a plausible mechanism by which known genome-wide association study risk variants for atherosclerotic complications could be linked to (1) a relevant cellular process, in (2) the key cell type of atherosclerosis, in (3) a human disease-relevant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Chai
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Ruparelia
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anuj Goel
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Biasiolli
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Laurienne Edgar
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ashok Handa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences (A.H.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Farrall
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robin P Choudhury
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (J.T.C., N.R., A.G., T.K., L.B., L.E., M.F., H.W., R.P.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Nanotechnology is an important strategy for combinational innovative chemo-immunotherapies against colorectal cancer. J Control Release 2019; 307:108-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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178
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Yang LL, Mao L, Wu H, Chen L, Deng WW, Xiao Y, Li H, Zhang L, Sun ZJ. pDC depletion induced by CD317 blockade drives the antitumor immune response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2019; 96:131-139. [PMID: 31422204 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysregulation of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment is a hallmark of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Increased infiltration of pDCs has been reported in the microenvironment of HNSCC. However, the precise immunological role of pDC and the therapeutic effects of pDC depletion in HNSCC need to be further investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS CD317 antibodies were applied for depleting pDCs in an immunocompetent transgenic HNSCC mouse model. Tumor volume was monitored. Flow cytometric analysis was conducted for studying the immune profile changes after pDC depletion. In addition, immunohistochemical staining was carried out in a human HNSCC tissue microarray for detecting the infiltration of pDCs. We also analyzed the survival implication of pDCs and its correlation with other immune related markers in human HNSCC. RESULTS pDC depletion in the transgenic HNSCC mouse model significantly delayed tumor growth. After pDCs were depleted, T cells were markedly revitalized, and the proportions of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were decreased. In human HNSCC microenvironment, pDC infiltration was upregulated and its high infiltration conferred a poor prognosis. Moreover, pDC infiltration was closely correlated with the expression of Foxp-3, PD-1, TIM-3, and LAG-3. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that pDCs play a negative immunomodulatory role in HNSCC and may present as a target for effective immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Lei Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Mao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Wei Deng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
SLAMF9 belongs to the conserved lymphocytic activation molecule family (SLAMF). Unlike other SLAMs, which have been extensively studied, the role of SLAMF9 in the immune system remained mostly unexplored. By generating CRISPR/Cas9 SLAMF9 knockout mice, we analyzed the role of this receptor in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which preferentially express the SLAMF9 transcript and protein. These cells display a unique capacity to produce type I IFN and bridge between innate and adaptive immune response. Analysis of pDCs in SLAMF9-/- mice revealed an increase of immature pDCs in the bone marrow and enhanced accumulation of pDCs in the lymph nodes. In the periphery, SLAMF9 deficiency resulted in lower levels of the transcription factor SpiB, elevation of pDC survival, and attenuated IFN-α and TNF-α production. To define the role of SLAMF9 during inflammation, pDCs lacking SLAMF9 were followed during induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. SLAMF9-/- mice demonstrated attenuated disease and delayed onset, accompanied by a prominent increase of immature pDCs in the lymph node, with a reduced costimulatory potential and enhanced infiltration of pDCs into the central nervous system. These results suggest the crucial role of SLAMF9 in pDC differentiation, homeostasis, and function in the steady state and during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
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180
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Kibata K, Ito T, Inaba M, Tanaka A, Iwata R, Inagaki-Katashiba N, Phan V, Satake A, Nomura S. The immunomodulatory-drug, lenalidomide, sustains and enhances interferon-α production by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Blood Med 2019; 10:217-226. [PMID: 31372079 PMCID: PMC6635835 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s206459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lenalidomide (LEN), an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), is currently used for treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). LEN potentiates T cell and natural killer cell functions. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of LEN remain unclear. We focused on the effects of LEN on human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which are the major source of interferon (IFN)-α in the blood and play a central role in innate immune responses. Results: We found that bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor used to treat MM, killed pDCs but that 0.1-3 μM LEN (covering clinical plasma concentration range) did not affect pDC survival or CD86 expression. Bortezomib inhibited pDC-derived IFN-α production in a dose-dependent fashion, but 0.1-3 µM LEN sustained pDC-derived IFN-α production when stimulated with an optimal concentration of CpG-ODN 2216 (3 μM). In pDCs stimulated with a low concentration of CpG-ODN (0.1 μM), LEN enhanced IFN-α production. These results indicated that LEN, when used at a clinically relevant concentration, can potentially enhance IFN-α production by pDCs. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings unveiled a novel target of LEN and extend the repertoire of the drug's known immunomodulatory effects. These effects may explain the low incidence of herpes zoster viral infection observed during LEN treatment compared with bortezomib treatment. LEN may function as an IMiD affecting a wide array of immune cells, including pDCs, leading to amplification of a positive immune axis able to eliminate MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Kibata
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ito
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Muneo Inaba
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tanaka
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Iwata
- Kansai Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Vien Phan
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satake
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shosaku Nomura
- Kansai Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
Experimental studies of the innate immune response of mammalian cells to viruses reveal pervasive heterogeneity at the level of single cells. Interferons are induced only in a fraction of virus-infected cells; subsequently a fraction of cells exposed to interferons upregulate interferon-stimulated genes. Nevertheless, quantitative experiments and linked mathematical models show that the interferon response can be effective in curbing viral spread through two distinct mechanisms. First, paracrine interferon signals from scattered source cells can protect many uninfected cells, and the self-amplification of interferon production might serve to calibrate response amplitude to strength of viral infection. Second, models of the tug-of-war between viral replication and the innate interferon response imply a pivotal role of interferon action on already infected cells in curbing viral spread, through effectively lowering virus replication rate. This finding is in line with the observation that several pathogenic viruses selectively abrogate interferon action on infected cells. Thus, interferons may delay viral spread in acute infections by acting as sentinels, warning uninfected cells of imminent danger, or as negative feedback regulators of virus replication in infected cells. The timing of the interferon response relative to the onset of viral replication is critical for its effectiveness in curbing viral spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Rastgou Talemi
- Division of Theoretical Systems Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Höfer
- Division of Theoretical Systems Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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182
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Mokhtar DM, Hussein MM. Morphological characteristic and functional dependencies of dendritic cell in developing rabbit lung during fetal and neonatal life. Dev Biol 2019; 454:29-43. [PMID: 31233738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, pulmonary DC deserved the attention of researchers and clinicians as it was implicated in many diseases afflicting human lungs. However, there are no available data about the morphological or functional features of pulmonary dendritic cells in fetal or early neonatal life. The present study aimed to demonstrate the morphological development of DCs using light-, electron-microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. DCs showed strong immunoreactivity for both CD8 and CD56. Moreover, DCs strongly expressed CD34, VEGF, NSE, and connexin-43 within the developing pulmonary tissue. By SEM, DCs were polyhedral in shape with short cell processes in fetal life. By the advancement of the age, DCs became more numerous and exhibited rounded to oval cell bodies with many fine dendrites. TEM revealed that at early fetal life, DCs were characterized by their heterochromatic indented nuclei, few cell processes and few organelles. With the advancement of age, DCs showed dendrite-like processes and displayed signs of high endocytic activities with releasing of secretory materials. At late fetal life, DCs showed an obvious increase in the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and they exhibited a unique connection with type II pneumocytes and pulmonary endothelium by gap junction. In the early neonate, the DCs cells were seen in association with T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, telocytes (TCs), and air-blood barrier. They possessed many fine dendrites, the characteristic Birbeck granules and many vesicles. DCs may contribute to apoptosis, endocytosis, and angiogenesis. The difference in the maturation status may reflect different roles for DCs in the lung. The immature DCs may have an antigen-uptake role through endocytosis, while mature DCs may involve in antigen presentation to T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Mokhtar
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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Chrisikos TT, Zhou Y, Slone N, Babcock R, Watowich SS, Li HS. Molecular regulation of dendritic cell development and function in homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer. Mol Immunol 2019; 110:24-39. [PMID: 29549977 PMCID: PMC6139080 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the principal antigen-presenting cells of the immune system and play key roles in controlling immune tolerance and activation. As such, DCs are chief mediators of tumor immunity. DCs can regulate tolerogenic immune responses that facilitate unchecked tumor growth. Importantly, however, DCs also mediate immune-stimulatory activity that restrains tumor progression. For instance, emerging evidence indicates the cDC1 subset has important functions in delivering tumor antigens to lymph nodes and inducing antigen-specific lymphocyte responses to tumors. Moreover, DCs control specific therapeutic responses in cancer including those resulting from immune checkpoint blockade. DC generation and function is influenced profoundly by cytokines, as well as their intracellular signaling proteins including STAT transcription factors. Regardless, our understanding of DC regulation in the cytokine-rich tumor microenvironment is still developing and must be better defined to advance cancer treatment. Here, we review literature focused on the molecular control of DCs, with a particular emphasis on cytokine- and STAT-mediated DC regulation. In addition, we highlight recent studies that delineate the importance of DCs in anti-tumor immunity and immune therapy, with the overall goal of improving knowledge of tumor-associated factors and intrinsic DC signaling cascades that influence DC function in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor T Chrisikos
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Natalie Slone
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rachel Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie S Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Haiyan S Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Yamamoto K, Kitawaki T, Sugimoto N, Fujita H, Kawase Y, Takaori-Kondo A, Kadowaki N. Anti-inflammatory modulation of human myeloid-derived dendritic cell subsets by lenalidomide. Immunol Lett 2019; 211:41-48. [PMID: 31141702 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) were originally developed as anti-inflammatory drugs, they are effective for multiple myeloma. In order to gain further insights into the immunomodulatory mechanisms of IMiDs for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and myeloma, we investigated the influence of a representative IMiD, lenalidomide, on human primary dendritic cell (DC) subsets: myeloid-derived CD1c+ DCs, CD141+ DCs, and plasmacytoid DCs. Lenalidomide did not affect the viability or expression of costimulatory molecules, but it potently suppressed the production of the key inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-23, and enhanced the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by CD1c+ DCs. Lenalidomide also suppressed the production of IFN-α by CD141+ DCs but not that by plasmacytoid DCs. Lenalidomide likely targets pathways downstream of the nuclear translocation of the transcription factors nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and IFN regulatory 5 (IRF5) in CD1c+ DCs. Consistent with the direct immunomodulatory effects on DCs, lenalidomide decreased the capacity of CD1c+ DCs to induce differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into effector cells producing immune activating and myeloma-promoting cytokines. This study demonstrated that lenalidomide has anti-inflammatory effects via the modulation of cytokine production by human myeloid-derived DCs. Such effects on DCs may allow for beneficial immunomodulation aiding in the treatment of inflammatory disorders and multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Fujita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yumi Kawase
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Kadowaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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185
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Porcine Dendritic Cells and Viruses: An Update. Viruses 2019; 11:v11050445. [PMID: 31100880 PMCID: PMC6563313 DOI: 10.3390/v11050445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several viral infections of swine are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. New tools are needed to prevent and control endemic, emerging, and re-emerging viral diseases. Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in linking the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, so knowledge regarding their interaction with pathogens is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying diseases pathogenesis and protection. In the first part of this review, we provide an update on the heterogeneous cell subsets that comprise the porcine DC family. In the second part of this review, we provide an overview of how three viruses, affecting pork production at a global level, African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), modulate DC function.
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186
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Xie F, Yu HS, Wang R, Wang D, Li YM, Wen HY, Du JB, Ba W, Meng XF, Yang J, Lin BW, Li HJ, Li CX, Zhang LG, Fang XD, Zhao H. Photodynamic Therapy for Genital Warts Causes Activation of Local Immunity. J Cutan Med Surg 2019; 23:370-379. [PMID: 31010295 DOI: 10.1177/1203475419838548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (PDT) for genital warts is effective, safe, and can prevent recurrence. It is believed that PDT can induce immune responses, but the mechanism is not completely understood. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this article are to confirm the effect of PDT for genital warts on local immunity and to investigate the recruitment and significance of immune cells in tissues. METHODS Local immune changes in T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) (CD123+), and myeloid dendritic cells (CD1a+) after PDT in patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. Changes in mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IFN-α, IFN-ß, interferon-stimulated gene 15 kDa (ISG-15), Mx2, Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), and interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS At 4 hours after PDT, CD4+ increased, accompanied by increased levels of mRNA expression of IFN-γ, but CD4+ and mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ were decreased at 24 hours after PDT. CD123+ pDCs showed an increasing trend. CD1a+ LCs in the epidermis gradually decreased, and DCs in the epidermis gradually increased. CD3+ infiltrated and migrated to the superficial dermis, but CD8+ did not change significantly after PDT. The mRNA expression levels of IFN-α, IFN-ß, ISG-15, Mx2, TLR9, and IRF7 showed an increasing trend after PDT. As compared with the patients without significantly increased IFN-α and IFN-ß after PDT sessions, patients with significant increases needed fewer sessions of PDT for remission. CONCLUSIONS PDT for genital warts can activate T lymphocyte-mediated, DC-related, and pDC-related immunity. The clinical efficacy of PDT for genital warts may be related to the increased levels of IFN-α and IFN-ß after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Haisheng S Yu
- 3 Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Rui Wang
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Dong Wang
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Yanming M Li
- 2 CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Haiying Y Wen
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Jiangbo B Du
- 3 Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Wei Ba
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Xianfu F Meng
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Jie Yang
- 4 Department of Dermatology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan
| | - Biwen W Lin
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Hengjin J Li
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Chengxin X Li
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Liguo G Zhang
- 3 Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Xiangdong D Fang
- 2 CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hua Zhao
- 1 Department of Dermatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
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Herrada AA, Escobedo N, Iruretagoyena M, Valenzuela RA, Burgos PI, Cuitino L, Llanos C. Innate Immune Cells' Contribution to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:772. [PMID: 31037070 PMCID: PMC6476281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens, immune complex deposition, and tissue damage in the kidneys, skin, heart and lung. Because of the pathogenic role of antinuclear antibodies and autoreactive T cells in SLE, extensive efforts have been made to demonstrate how B cells act as antibody-producing or as antigen-presenting cells that can prime autoreactive T cell activation. With the discovery of new innate immune cells and inflammatory mediators, innate immunity is emerging as a key player in disease pathologies. Recent work over the last decade has highlighted the importance of innate immune cells and molecules in promoting and potentiating SLE. In this review, we discuss recent evidence of the involvement of different innate immune cells and pathways in the pathogenesis of SLE. We also discuss new therapeutics targets directed against innate immune components as potential novel therapies in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Noelia Escobedo
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Mirentxu Iruretagoyena
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Oculares y Sistémicas, Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula I Burgos
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreto Cuitino
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Oculares y Sistémicas, Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Llanos
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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188
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pDC Activation by TLR7/8 Ligand CL097 Compared to TLR7 Ligand IMQ or TLR9 Ligand CpG. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:1749803. [PMID: 31093508 PMCID: PMC6481147 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1749803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express high levels of the toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR7 and TLR9. In response to TLR7 and TLR9 ligands, pDCs are primary producers of type I interferons. Our previous study demonstrated that pDCs activated by the TLR7 ligand imiquimod (IMQ) and the TLR9 ligand CpG A can kill breast cancer cells in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we observed a distinctive morphological, phenotypic change in pDCs after activation by IMQ and CpG A. However, the effect of other TLR7 and TLR9 ligands on pDCs remains less understood. In this study, we treat pDCs with the TLR7 ligand IMQ, TLR7/8 ligands (CL097 and CL075), and three TLR9 ligands (different types of CpGs). The size of pDCs increased significantly after activation by TLR7, or TLR7/8 ligands. TLR7, TLR7/8, and TLR9 ligands similarly modulated cytokine release, as well as protein expression of pDC markers, costimulatory molecules, and cytotoxic molecules. Interestingly, TLR7/8 ligands, especially CL097, induced stronger responses. These results are relevant to the further study of the role and mechanism of pDC-induced antitumor effects and may aid in the development of a new strategy for future tumor immunotherapy.
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189
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Protection of ZIKV infection-induced neuropathy by abrogation of acute antiviral response in human neural progenitors. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2607-2621. [PMID: 30952992 PMCID: PMC7224299 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains largely unknown how Zika virus (ZIKV) infection causes severe microcephaly in human newborns. We examined an Asian lineage ZIKV, SZ01, which similarly infected and demonstrated comparable growth arrest and apoptotic pathological changes in human neuroprogenitors (NPCs) from forebrain dorsal, forebrain ventral as well as hindbrain and spinal cord brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Transcriptome profiling showed common overactivated antiviral response in all regional NPCs upon ZIKV infection. ZIKV infection directly activated a subset of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in human NPCs, which depended on the presence of IRF3 and NF-κB rather than IFN production and secretion, highlighting a key role of IFN-independent acute antiviral pathway underlying ZIKV infection-caused neuropathy. Our findings therefore reveal that overactivated antiviral response is detrimental rather than protective in human NPCs, and the IFN-independent acute antiviral pathway may serve as a potential target to ameliorate ZIKV infection-triggered neuropathy.
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190
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Lepzien R, Rankin G, Pourazar J, Muala A, Eklund A, Grunewald J, Blomberg A, Smed‐Sörensen A. Mapping mononuclear phagocytes in blood, lungs, and lymph nodes of sarcoidosis patients. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:797-807. [PMID: 30742337 PMCID: PMC6916617 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5a0718-280rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a T-cell driven inflammatory disease characterized by granuloma formation. Mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs)-macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs)-are likely critical in sarcoidosis as they initiate and maintain T cell activation and contribute to granuloma formation by cytokine production. Granulomas manifest primarily in lungs and lung-draining lymph nodes (LLNs) but these compartments are less studied compared to blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Sarcoidosis can present with an acute onset (usually Löfgren's syndrome (LS)) or a gradual onset (non-LS). LS patients typically recover within 2 years while 60% of non-LS patients maintain granulomas for up to 5 years. Here, four LS and seven non-LS patients underwent bronchoscopy with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). From each patient, blood, BAL, endobronchial biopsies (EBBs), and LLN samples obtained by EBUS-TBNA were collected and MNPs characterized using multicolor flow cytometry. Six MNP subsets were identified at varying frequencies in the anatomical compartments investigated. Importantly, monocytes and DCs were most mature with migratory potential in BAL and EBBs but not in the LLNs suggesting heterogeneity in MNPs in the compartments typically affected in sarcoidosis. Additionally, in LS patients, frequencies of DC subsets were lower or lacking in LLNs and EBBs, respectively, compared to non-LS patients that may be related to the disease outcome. Our work provides a foundation for future investigations of MNPs in sarcoidosis to identify immune profiles of patients at risk of developing severe disease with the aim to provide early treatment to slow down disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Lepzien
- Division of Immunology and AllergyDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Gregory Rankin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineDivision of MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jamshid Pourazar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineDivision of MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ala Muala
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineDivision of MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Anders Eklund
- Division of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Division of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineDivision of MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Anna Smed‐Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and AllergyDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
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191
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Duvvuri B, Lood C. Cell-Free DNA as a Biomarker in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:502. [PMID: 30941136 PMCID: PMC6433826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous DNA is primarily found intracellularly in nuclei and mitochondria. However, extracellular, cell-free (cf) DNA, has been observed in several pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, prompting the interest of developing cfDNA as a potential biomarker. There is an upsurge in studies considering cfDNA to stratify patients, monitor the treatment response and predict disease progression, thus evaluating the prognostic potential of cfDNA for autoimmune diseases. Since the discovery of elevated cfDNA levels in lupus patients in the 1960s, cfDNA research in autoimmune diseases has mainly focused on the overall quantification of cfDNA and the association with disease activity. However, with recent technological advancements, including genomic and methylomic sequencing, qualitative changes in cfDNA are being explored in autoimmune diseases, similar to the ones used in molecular profiling of cfDNA in cancer patients. Further, the intracellular origin, e.g., if derived from mitochondrial or nuclear source, as well as the complexing with carrier molecules, including LL-37 and HMGB1, has emerged as important factors to consider when analyzing the quality and inflammatory potential of cfDNA. The clinical relevance of cfDNA in autoimmune rheumatic diseases is strengthened by mechanistic insights into the biological processes that result in an enhanced release of DNA into the circulation during autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Prior work have established an important role of accelerated apoptosis and impaired clearance in leakage of nucleic acids into the extracellular environment. Findings from more recent studies, including our own investigations, have demonstrated that NETosis, a neutrophil cell death process, can result in a selective extrusion of inflammatory mitochondrial DNA; a process which is enhanced in patients with lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. In this review, we will summarize the evolution of cfDNA, both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, as biomarkers for autoimmune rheumatic diseases and discuss limitations, challenges and implications to establish cfDNA as a biomarker for clinical use. This review will also highlight recent advancements in mechanistic studies demonstrating mitochondrial DNA as a central component of cfDNA in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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192
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Yeung KS, Lee TL, Mok MY, Mak CCY, Yang W, Chong PCY, Lee PPW, Ho MHK, Choufani S, Lau CS, Lau YL, Weksberg R, Chung BHY. Cell lineage-specific genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of patients with paediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Epigenetics 2019; 14:341-351. [PMID: 30806140 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1585176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with paediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often present with more severe clinical courses than adult-onset patients. Although genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling has been performed in adult-onset SLE patients, parallel data on paediatric-onset SLE are not available. Therefore, we undertook a genome-wide DNAm study in paediatric-onset SLE patients across multiple blood cell lineages. The DNAm profiles of four purified immune cell lineages (CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, B cells and neutrophils) and whole blood were compared in 16 Chinese patients with paediatric-onset SLE and 13 healthy controls using the Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. Comparison of DNAm in whole blood and within each independent cell lineage identified a consistent pattern of loss of DNAm at 21 CpG sites overlapping 15 genes, which represented a robust, disease-specific DNAm signature for paediatric-onset SLE in our cohort. In addition, cell lineage-specific changes, involving both loss and gain of DNAm, were observed in both novel genes and genes with well-described roles in SLE pathogenesis. This study also highlights the importance of studying DNAm changes in different immune cell lineages rather than only whole blood, since cell type-specific DNAm changes facilitated the elucidation of the cell type-specific molecular pathophysiology of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit San Yeung
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Tsz Leung Lee
- b The Hong Kong Children's Hospital , Hong Kong , China
| | - Mo Yin Mok
- c Department of Biomedical Sciences , The City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Christopher Chun Yu Mak
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Wanling Yang
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Patrick Chun Yin Chong
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Pamela Pui Wah Lee
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Marco Hok Kung Ho
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Sanaa Choufani
- d Genetics and Genome Biology Program , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- e Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yu Lung Lau
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- d Genetics and Genome Biology Program , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,f Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,g Institute of Medical Science and Department of Pediatrics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Brian Hon Yin Chung
- a Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
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193
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Vangeti S, Gertow J, Yu M, Liu S, Baharom F, Scholz S, Friberg D, Starkhammar M, Ahlberg A, Smed-Sörensen A. Human Blood and Tonsil Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Display Similar Gene Expression Profiles but Exhibit Differential Type I IFN Responses to Influenza A Virus Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2069-2081. [PMID: 30760619 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection constitutes an annual health burden across the globe. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are central in antiviral defense because of their superior capacity to produce type I IFNs in response to viruses. Dendritic cells (DCs) differ depending on their anatomical location. However, only limited host-pathogen data are available from the initial site of infection in humans. In this study, we investigated how human tonsil PDCs, likely exposed to virus because of their location, responded to IAV infection compared with peripheral blood PDCs. In tonsils, unlike in blood, PDCs are the most frequent DC subset. Both tonsil and blood PDCs expressed several genes necessary for pathogen recognition and immune response, generally in a similar pattern. MxA, a protein that renders cells resistant to IAV infection, was detected in both tonsil and blood PDCs. However, despite steady-state MxA expression and contrary to previous reports, at high IAV concentrations (typically cytopathic to other immune cells), both tonsil and blood PDCs supported IAV infection. IAV exposure resulted in PDC maturation by upregulation of CD86 expression and IFN-α secretion. Interestingly, blood PDCs secreted 10-fold more IFN-α in response to IAV compared with tonsil PDCs. Tonsil PDCs also had a dampened cytokine response to purified TLR ligands compared with blood PDCs. Our findings suggest that tonsil PDCs may be less responsive to IAV than blood PDCs, highlighting the importance of studying immune cells at their proposed site of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Vangeti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens Gertow
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meng Yu
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sang Liu
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Faezzah Baharom
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saskia Scholz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Friberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Starkhammar
- Capio Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic Globen, 121 77 Johanneshov, Sweden; and
| | - Alexander Ahlberg
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden;
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194
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Lv S, Li S, Wang Z, Xia J. Imbalance in the ratio of CpG and polyG contributes to impaired interferon-α expression. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1148-1157. [PMID: 30701565 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The secretion of interferon-α (IFN-α) is impaired during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. DNA sequences purified from distinct viruses, for example, HBV versus members of Herpesviridae, have been shown to differ in their IFN-α signaling properties. The present study found that DNA from HBV inhibited, while DNA from members of Herpesviridae induced, the expression of IFN-α. Furthermore, stimulatory cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) sequences derived from these DNA viruses could induce the secretion of IFN-α, while inhibitory guanosine-rich oligodeoxynucleoti (polyG) oligonucleotide sequences derived from these DNA viruses could inhibit CpG-induced IFN-α secretion. Using a computational analysis of genomic DNA sequences, the discrimination between the genomes of HBV and those of other DNA viruses that can also cause inflammation of the liver is based on different frequencies of the CpG and polyG motifs. The underrepresentation of stimulatory CpG motifs and overrepresentation of inhibitory polyG motifs were documented in HBV genomes, whereas the DNA from other viral genomes displayed the opposite trend. Moreover, it was demonstrated that HBV could suppress the activation of IFN-α via its own DNA through the high proportion of polyG motifs. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a specific role for polyG motifs in the inhibition of the IFN-α response following DNA virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Lv
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Suping Li
- Blood Test and Identification Laboratory, Blood Transfusion Institute, Anhui Blood Center, Hefei, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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195
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Fernandez-Flores A, Cassarino DS. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in granulomatous variant of mycosis fungoides. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:335-342. [PMID: 30734340 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Granulomatous mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare variant in which granulomas are associated with other typical signs of MF. Its prognosis is worse than that of classical MF. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are a subset of interferon-producing dendritic cells that link the innate and the adaptative immune responses. They have also been related to tolerance to certain tumors such as melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this article, we examined for the presence of CD123+ PDC in six cases of granulomatous MF from our archives. RESULTS We found clusters of 10 or more positive cells in three of six cases of granulomatous MF (two women and a man, in their sixth and seventh decade). Although in two of these three cases the granulomatous response was extensive, in the other, it only represented 10% of the infiltrate of the biopsy. In all three cases, the granulomas were epithelioid, sarcoidal type. CONCLUSIONS CD123+ PDC can be identified in granulomatous MF. The pathogenic and prognostic role of this finding requires further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernandez-Flores
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain.,Department of CellCOM-ST Group, Biomedical Investigation Institute of A Coruña, CellCOM-ST Group, A Coruña, Spain.,Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital de la Reina, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - David S Cassarino
- Department of Dermatology, Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC), Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California
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196
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Yang Y, Che Y, Zhao Y, Wang X. Prevention and treatment of cervical cancer by a single administration of human papillomavirus peptide vaccine with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides as an adjuvant in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:279-288. [PMID: 30743204 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
No licensed therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is currently available, so it remains a high priority to develop a therapeutic HPV vaccine or prophylactic/therapeutic HPV vaccine for cervical cancer. In this current study, we designed an HPV vaccine including CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 1826 as an adjuvant and HPV16 E7 43-77 peptide as antigen, which contains a CD8 T cell epitope (E7 49-57), and two CD4 T cell epitopes (E7 43-77 and E7 50-62). The prophylactic and therapeutic effect on cervical cancer induced by a single administration of vaccine, were comprehensively evaluated by examining the tumor size and the percentage of tumor-free/bearing mice. The cellular immunity and modulation of immunosuppressive cells induced by the vaccine were evaluated by examining intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) of splenocytes and FCM, respectively. Antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses were investigated using in vivo cytolytic assay. The results showed that the single administration of vaccine elicited significant prophylactic as well as therapeutic effect on cervical cancer. The increased cellular immunity mediated by CD4 + IFN-γ + T cells and CD8 + IFN-γ + T cells, and the decreased numbers of immunosuppressive cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were induced by the vaccine. Antigen-specific CTL response was also induced by vaccination. These findings suggested that significant anti-tumor effect of the vaccine may result from the induction of increased cellular immunity and decreased immunosuppressive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxin Che
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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197
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Yu H, Tian Y, Wang Y, Mineishi S, Zhang Y. Dendritic Cell Regulation of Graft-Vs.-Host Disease: Immunostimulation and Tolerance. Front Immunol 2019; 10:93. [PMID: 30774630 PMCID: PMC6367268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Significant progresses have been made in defining the dichotomous role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the development of GVHD. Host-derived DCs are important to elicit allogeneic T cell responses, whereas certain donor-types of DCs derived from newly engrafted hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can amply this graft-vs.-host reaction. In contrast, some DCs also play non-redundant roles in mediating immune tolerance. They induce apoptotic deletion of host-reactive donor T cells while promoting expansion and function of regulatory T cells (Treg). Unfortunately, this tolerogenic effect of DCs is impaired during GVHD. Severe GVHD in patients subject to allo-HSCT is associated with significantly decreased number of circulating peripheral blood DCs during engraftment. Existing studies reveal that GVHD causes delayed reconstitution of donor DCs from engrafted HSPCs, impairs the antigen presentation function of newly generated DCs and reduces the capacity of DCs to regulate Treg. The present review will discuss the importance of DCs in alloimmunity and the mechanism underlying DC reconstitution after allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Yu
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shin Mineishi
- Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Yi Zhang
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198
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Alculumbre S, Raieli S, Hoffmann C, Chelbi R, Danlos FX, Soumelis V. Plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pDC): from molecular pathways to function and disease association. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 86:24-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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199
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Reizis B. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells: Development, Regulation, and Function. Immunity 2019; 50:37-50. [PMID: 30650380 PMCID: PMC6342491 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique sentinel cell type that can detect pathogen-derived nucleic acids and respond with rapid and massive production of type I interferon. This review summarizes our current understanding of pDC biology, including transcriptional regulation, heterogeneity, role in antiviral immune responses, and involvement in immune pathology, particularly in autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and cancer. We also highlight the remaining gaps in our knowledge and important questions for the field, such as the molecular basis of unique interferon-producing capacity of pDCs. A better understanding of cell type-specific positive and negative control of pDC function should pave the way for translational applications focused on this immune cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Innate Immune Responses to Avian Influenza Viruses in Ducks and Chickens. Vet Sci 2019; 6:vetsci6010005. [PMID: 30634569 PMCID: PMC6466002 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci6010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mallard ducks are important natural hosts of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses and many strains circulate in this reservoir and cause little harm. Some strains can be transmitted to other hosts, including chickens, and cause respiratory and systemic disease. Rarely, these highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses cause disease in mallards, while chickens are highly susceptible. The long co-evolution of mallard ducks with influenza viruses has undoubtedly fine-tuned many immunological host–pathogen interactions to confer resistance to disease, which are poorly understood. Here, we compare innate responses to different avian influenza viruses in ducks and chickens to reveal differences that point to potential mechanisms of disease resistance. Mallard ducks are permissive to LPAI replication in their intestinal tissues without overtly compromising their fitness. In contrast, the mallard response to HPAI infection reflects an immediate and robust induction of type I interferon and antiviral interferon stimulated genes, highlighting the importance of the RIG-I pathway. Ducks also appear to limit the duration of the response, particularly of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Chickens lack RIG-I, and some modulators of the signaling pathway and may be compromised in initiating an early interferon response, allowing more viral replication and consequent damage. We review current knowledge about innate response mediators to influenza infection in mallard ducks compared to chickens to gain insight into protective immune responses, and open questions for future research.
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