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Nezami A, Dehghani S, Nosrati R, Eskandari N, Taghdisi SM, Karimi G. Nanomaterial-based biosensors and immunosensors for quantitative determination of cardiac troponins. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:425-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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152
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Dentali F, Nigro O, Squizzato A, Gianni M, Zuretti F, Grandi AM, Guasti L. Impact of neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio on major clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Int J Cardiol 2018; 266:31-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio on Admission and Prognosis in Patients with Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema. J Emerg Med 2018; 55:465-471. [PMID: 30115388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute heart failure is a heterogenous syndrome defined by a number of factors, such as its physiopathology, clinical picture, time of onset, and relation to acute coronary syndrome. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) constitutes approximately 10-20% of acute heart failure syndromes, and it is the most dramatic symptom of left heart failure. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a relatively novel inflammatory marker that can be utilized for prognosis in various disease processes. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the value of the PLR for the prediction of mortality in patients with ACPE. METHODS A total of 115 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACPE were included in this study. The patients were divided into tertile groups according to their PLR values: high (PLR > 194.97), medium (98.3-194.97), and low tertile (PLR < 98.3). RESULTS We compared the PLR groups for in-hospital mortality and total mortality after discharge. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PLR was independently associated with total mortality (hazard ratio 5.657; 95% confidence interval 2.467-12.969; p < 0.001). Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the high-PLR group had a significantly higher mortality rate than the other groups. CONCLUSIONS We showed an association between high PLR and mortality in patients with ACPE. PLR, together with other inflammatory markers and clinical findings, may be used as an adjunctive parameter for the stratification of mortality risk, hospitalization, or discharge criteria scoring.
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Rashid I, Maghzal GJ, Chen YC, Cheng D, Talib J, Newington D, Ren M, Vajandar SK, Searle A, Maluenda A, Lindstedt EL, Jabbour A, Kettle AJ, Bongers A, Power C, Michaëlsson E, Peter K, Stocker R. Myeloperoxidase is a potential molecular imaging and therapeutic target for the identification and stabilization of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:3301-3310. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rashid
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
| | - Ghassan J Maghzal
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales Medicine, NSW, Australia
| | - Yung-Chih Chen
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Cheng
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
| | - Jihan Talib
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
| | - Darren Newington
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
| | - Minqin Ren
- Department of Physics, Centre for Ion Beam Applications, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saumitra K Vajandar
- Department of Physics, Centre for Ion Beam Applications, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amy Searle
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ana Maluenda
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eva-Lotte Lindstedt
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew Jabbour
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, 390 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
| | - Antony J Kettle
- Centre for Free Radical Research, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andre Bongers
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, High Street, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Carl Power
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, High Street, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Erik Michaëlsson
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roland Stocker
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales Medicine, NSW, Australia
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Herder C, Kannenberg JM, Huth C, Carstensen-Kirberg M, Rathmann W, Koenig W, Strom A, Bönhof GJ, Heier M, Thorand B, Peters A, Roden M, Meisinger C, Ziegler D. Myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase-3, cardiometabolic risk factors, and distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy: The KORA F4/FF4 study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3000. [PMID: 29577557 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been proposed as important pathomechanism of cardiometabolic diseases and distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN). However, the relevance of biomarkers of oxidative stress has not been investigated in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association of the prooxidant myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the antioxidant extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) with cardiometabolic risk factors and with prevalence and incidence of DSPN. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses comprised 1069 participants (40.3% with prediabetes and 20.5% with type 2 diabetes) of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 study (2006-2008), 181 of whom had DSPN at baseline. Prospective analyses included 524 individuals without DSPN at baseline who also participated in the KORA FF4 study (2013-2014), 132 of whom developed DSPN during the 6.5-year follow-up. Serum MPO and SOD3 were measured by ELISA, and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors and DSPN were estimated by using linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Higher MPO and SOD levels showed multiple positive associations with cardiometabolic risk factors including age, indices of obesity, insulin resistance, serum lipids, renal dysfunction, and biomarkers of inflammation. Higher MPO levels were associated with prevalent DSPN (fully adjusted OR 1.38 [95% CI 1.10; 1.72] per doubling of MPO). Higher baseline SOD3 levels were related to incident DSPN (age and sex-adjusted OR 2.14 [1.02; 4.48] per doubling of SOD3), which was partially explained by cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Systemic levels of both pro- and antioxidant enzymes appear involved in cardiometabolic risk and development of DSPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia M Kannenberg
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Huth
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Strom
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gidon J Bönhof
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margit Heier
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Dan Ziegler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Kunutsor SK, Flores-Guerrero JL, Kieneker LM, Nilsen T, Hidden C, Sundrehagen E, Seidu S, Dullaart RPF, Bakker SJL. Plasma calprotectin and risk of cardiovascular disease: Findings from the PREVEND prospective cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2018; 275:205-213. [PMID: 29957458 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to assess the association of circulating calprotectin, an inflammation-associated protein, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and determine whether it improves risk prediction. METHODS Plasma calprotectin measurements were made at baseline in 5290 participants in the PREVEND prospective study. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for CVD were calculated. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 8.3 years, 339 first CVD events were recorded. Calprotectin concentration was correlated with several conventional risk factors as well as with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (r = 0.42). Calprotectin was log-linearly associated with CVD risk. The risk for CVD adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.13-1.41) per 1 standard deviation higher baseline loge calprotectin, and was 1.24 (95% CI, 1.11-1.39) following further adjustment for triglycerides, body mass index, and other potential confounders. The association remained present after further adjustment for hsCRP 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.30). Comparing extreme quartiles of plasma calprotectin levels, the corresponding adjusted HRs for CVD were 1.96 (1.37-2.82), 1.89 (1.31-2.72), and 1.56 (1.07-2.29). The association of calprotectin with CVD risk did not vary importantly in several relevant clinical subgroups. Adding calprotectin to the Framingham CVD Risk Score was associated with a C-index change (0.0016; p=0.42) difference in -2 log likelihood (p=0.038), IDI (0.0080; p < 0.001), and NRI (4.03%; p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS There is a log-linear association of calprotectin concentration with risk of CVD, which may be partly dependent on hsCRP. Adding calprotectin to conventional risk factors improves CVD risk assessment using measures of reclassification and -2 log likelihood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building (Level 1), Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Jose Luis Flores-Guerrero
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lyanne M Kieneker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Seidu
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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157
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Klinke A, Berghausen E, Friedrichs K, Molz S, Lau D, Remane L, Berlin M, Kaltwasser C, Adam M, Mehrkens D, Mollenhauer M, Manchanda K, Ravekes T, Heresi GA, Aytekin M, Dweik RA, Hennigs JK, Kubala L, Michaëlsson E, Rosenkranz S, Rudolph TK, Hazen SL, Klose H, Schermuly RT, Rudolph V, Baldus S. Myeloperoxidase aggravates pulmonary arterial hypertension by activation of vascular Rho-kinase. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97530. [PMID: 29875311 PMCID: PMC6124430 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a disease with limited therapeutic options and dismal prognosis. Despite its etiologic heterogeneity, the underlying unifying pathophysiology is characterized by increased vascular tone and adverse remodeling of the pulmonary circulation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme abundantly expressed in neutrophils, has potent vasoconstrictive and profibrotic properties, thus qualifying as a potential contributor to this disease. Here, we sought to investigate whether MPO is causally linked to the pathophysiology of PAH. Investigation of 2 independent clinical cohorts revealed that MPO plasma levels were elevated in subjects with PAH and predicted adverse outcome. Experimental analyses showed that, upon hypoxia, right ventricular pressure was less increased in Mpo-/- than in WT mice. The hypoxia-induced activation of the Rho-kinase pathway, a critical subcellular signaling pathway yielding vasoconstriction and structural vascular remodeling, was blunted in Mpo-/- mice. Mice subjected to i.v. infusion of MPO revealed activation of Rho-kinase and increased right ventricular pressure, which was prevented by coinfusion of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632. In the Sugen5416/hypoxia rat model, PAH was attenuated by the MPO inhibitor AZM198. The current data demonstrate a tight mechanistic link between MPO, the activation of Rho-kinase, and adverse pulmonary vascular function, thus pointing toward a potentially novel avenue of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klinke
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- International Clinical Research Center, Centre of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering (CBCE), St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Berghausen
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Friedrichs
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Molz
- University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denise Lau
- University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Remane
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Berlin
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Charlotte Kaltwasser
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kashish Manchanda
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorben Ravekes
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Metin Aytekin
- Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Raed A. Dweik
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, and
| | - Jan K. Hennigs
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Kubala
- International Clinical Research Center, Centre of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering (CBCE), St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Michaëlsson
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines and Early Development (IMED) Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tanja K. Rudolph
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hans Klose
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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158
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May-Zhang LS, Yermalitsky V, Huang J, Pleasent T, Borja MS, Oda MN, Jerome WG, Yancey PG, Linton MF, Davies SS. Modification by isolevuglandins, highly reactive γ-ketoaldehydes, deleteriously alters high-density lipoprotein structure and function. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9176-9187. [PMID: 29712723 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease risk depends on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function, not HDL-cholesterol. Isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) are lipid dicarbonyls that react with lysine residues of proteins and phosphatidylethanolamine. IsoLG adducts are elevated in atherosclerosis. The consequences of IsoLG modification of HDL have not been studied. We hypothesized that IsoLG modification of apoA-I deleteriously alters HDL function. We determined the effect of IsoLG on HDL structure-function and whether pentylpyridoxamine (PPM), a dicarbonyl scavenger, can preserve HDL function. IsoLG adducts in HDL derived from patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (n = 10, 233.4 ± 158.3 ng/mg) were found to be significantly higher than in healthy controls (n = 7, 90.1 ± 33.4 pg/mg protein). Further, HDL exposed to myeloperoxidase had elevated IsoLG-lysine adducts (5.7 ng/mg protein) compared with unexposed HDL (0.5 ng/mg protein). Preincubation with PPM reduced IsoLG-lysine adducts by 67%, whereas its inactive analogue pentylpyridoxine did not. The addition of IsoLG produced apoA-I and apoA-II cross-links beginning at 0.3 molar eq of IsoLG/mol of apoA-I (0.3 eq), whereas succinylaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal required 10 and 30 eq. IsoLG increased HDL size, generating a subpopulation of 16-23 nm. 1 eq of IsoLG decreased HDL-mediated [3H]cholesterol efflux from macrophages via ABCA1, which corresponded to a decrease in HDL-apoA-I exchange from 47.4% to only 24.8%. This suggests that IsoLG inhibits apoA-I from disassociating from HDL to interact with ABCA1. The addition of 0.3 eq of IsoLG ablated HDL's ability to inhibit LPS-stimulated cytokine expression by macrophages and increased IL-1β expression by 3.5-fold. The structural-functional effects were partially rescued with PPM scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S May-Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602
| | - Valery Yermalitsky
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Mark S Borja
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University East Bay, Hayward, California 94542, and
| | - Michael N Oda
- the Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609
| | - W Gray Jerome
- the Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Patricia G Yancey
- the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - MacRae F Linton
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602.,the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sean S Davies
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602,
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159
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Hofmann MCJ, Schmidt M, Arne O, Geisslinger G, Parnham MJ, de Bruin NMWJ. Non-invasive bioluminescence imaging as a standardized assessment measure in mouse models of dermal inflammation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:S0923-1811(18)30187-7. [PMID: 29706245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloperoxidase is used as a marker and diagnostic tool for inflammatory processes. Hypochlorous acid produced by myeloperoxidase oxidizes luminol to produce light. By injecting luminol into experimental animals, inflammatory processes can be tracked in real-time by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish BLI as a standardized assessment measure in three mouse models of dermal inflammation. METHODS Oxazolone-induced delayed-type-hypersensitivity (DTH) (acute), a model for dermatitis, imiquimod (IMQ) (sub-chronic) model for psoriasis and the (chronic) bleomycin model for scleroderma were used. In the first two models, dexamethasone and clobetasol, respectively, were used as reference compounds. In all cases, classical readouts such as dermal swelling, severity scores and histological analyses were compared with in- vivo bioluminescence. RESULTS In DTH, bioluminescence peaked earlier than ear swelling, reflecting early cell infiltration. Dexamethasone blocked both ear swelling and bioluminescence. In the IMQ model, bioluminescence closely reflected the psoriasis scores and histology and revealed a relapse-remitting course of the disease. Clobetasol partially decreased the disease severity. After stopping IMQ and clobetasol treatment, BLI adopted a rhythmic pattern during resolution. Bleomycin induced an increase in bioluminescence and in collagen thickness. BLI revealed a time-course of the effects of bleomycin that was not reflected by histology alone. CONCLUSION For drug discovery and translational purposes, it is important that disease processes be tracked in vivo and possibly over a long period. We conclude that BLI is a valuable and reliable method for in-vivo measurement of dermal inflammation and potentially for inflammation resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Catharina Josephine Hofmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Mike Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Olga Arne
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael John Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Natasja Maria Wilhelmina Johanna de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Khan AA, Alsahli MA, Rahmani AH. Myeloperoxidase as an Active Disease Biomarker: Recent Biochemical and Pathological Perspectives. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6020033. [PMID: 29669993 PMCID: PMC6024665 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) belongs to the family of heme-containing peroxidases, produced mostly from polymorphonuclear neutrophils. The active enzyme (150 kDa) is the product of the MPO gene located on long arm of chromosome 17. The primary gene product undergoes several modifications, such as the removal of introns and signal peptides, and leads to the formation of enzymatically inactive glycosylated apoproMPO which complexes with chaperons, producing inactive proMPO by the insertion of a heme moiety. The active enzyme is a homodimer of heavy and light chain protomers. This enzyme is released into the extracellular fluid after oxidative stress and different inflammatory responses. Myeloperoxidase is the only type of peroxidase that uses H₂O₂ to oxidize several halides and pseudohalides to form different hypohalous acids. So, the antibacterial activities of MPO involve the production of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species. Controlled MPO release at the site of infection is of prime importance for its efficient activities. Any uncontrolled degranulation exaggerates the inflammation and can also lead to tissue damage even in absence of inflammation. Several types of tissue injuries and the pathogenesis of several other major chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, diabetes, and cancer have been reported to be linked with MPO-derived oxidants. Thus, the enhanced level of MPO activity is one of the best diagnostic tools of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers among these commonly-occurring diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad A Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, AlQassim, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, AlQassim, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, AlQassim, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
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Delle LE, Pachauri V, Sharma S, Shaforost O, Ma H, Adabi M, Lilischkis R, Wagner P, Thoelen R, Klein N, O’Kennedy R, Ingebrandt S. ScFv-modified graphene-coated IDE-arrays for ‘label-free’ screening of cardiovascular disease biomarkers in physiological saline. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 102:574-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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162
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Vanhamme L, Zouaoui Boudjeltia K, Van Antwerpen P, Delporte C. The other myeloperoxidase: Emerging functions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 649:1-14. [PMID: 29614255 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a member of the mammalian peroxidase family. It is mainly expressed in neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. As a catalyzer of reactive oxidative species and radical species formation, it contributes to neutrophil bactericidal activity. Nevertheless MPO invalidation does not seem to have major health consequences in affected individuals. This suggests that MPO might have alternative functions supporting its conservation during evolution. We will review the available data supporting these non-canonical functions in terms of tissue specific expression, function and enzymatic activity. Thus, we discuss its cell type specific expression. We review in between others its roles in angiogenesis, endothelial (dys-) function, immune reaction, and inflammation. We summarize its pathological actions in clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Vanhamme
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Inflammation, IBMM, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium.
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Delporte
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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163
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Pravalika K, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Wanve M, Saraf J, Kalia K, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Dave KR, Bhattacharya P. Myeloperoxidase and Neurological Disorder: A Crosstalk. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:421-430. [PMID: 29351721 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a protein present in azurophilic granules, macrophages, and neutrophils that are released into extracellular fluid (ECF) during inflammation. MPO releases hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and other chlorinated species. It is derived from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) showing response during inflammatory conditions and plays a role in the immune defense against pathogens. MPO may show unwanted effects by indirectly increasing the formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) leading to inflammation and oxidative stress. As neuroinflammation is one of the inevitable biological components among most of neurological disorders, MPO and its receptor may be explored as candidates for future clinical interventions. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the pathophysiological characteristics of MPO and further explore the possibilities to target it for clinical use. Targeting MPO is promising and may open an avenue to act as a biomarker for diagnosis with defined risk stratification in patients with various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanta Pravalika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Wanve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Jackson Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788 011 Assam, India
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad Gandhinagar, 382 355 Gujarat, India
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Meng Q, Wu S, Wang Y, Xu J, Sun H, Lu R, Gao N, Yang H, Li X, Tang B, Aschner M, Chen R. MPO Promoter Polymorphism rs2333227 Enhances Malignant Phenotypes of Colorectal Cancer by Altering the Binding Affinity of AP-2α. Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29540402 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) promoter SNPs rs2243828 (-764T>C) and rs2333227 (G-463A) program malignant phenotypes by regulating MPO transcriptional activity. In this study, we enrolled a total of 1,175 controls and 1,078 patients with colorectal cancer with comprehensive clinical and survival information to assess whether these SNPs could affect the susceptibility and development of colorectal cancer. The MPO rs2333227 TT genotype significantly increased the risk of colorectal cancer and decreased the overall survival time of patients. Colorectal cancer cells with the rs2333227 TT genotype exhibited enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity in vitro and in vivo Mechanistically, we found that MPO SNP rs2333227 C to T mutation altered the binding affinity of the transcription factors AP-2α to the rs2333227 mutation region, sequentially enhancing expression levels of MPO and activating further IL23A-MMP9 axis-mediated oncogenic signaling. Taken together, our findings indicate that MPO SNP rs2333227 serves as a marker of enhanced risk for development of colorectal cancer.Significance: MPO polymorphisms are a guide for high risk and poor prognosis in patients colorectal cancer. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2760-9. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hongbao Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bioagriculture, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. .,Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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165
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Myeloperoxidase mediated HDL oxidation and HDL proteome changes do not contribute to dysfunctional HDL in Chinese subjects with coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193782. [PMID: 29505607 PMCID: PMC5837105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) are inversely correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) derived oxidants and HDL proteome changes are implicated in HDL dysfunction in subjects with CAD in the United States; however, the effect of MPO on HDL function and HDL proteome in ethnic Chinese population is unknown. We recruited four matched ethnic Chinese groups (20 patients each): subjects with 1) low HDL levels (HDL levels in men <40mg/dL and women <50mg/dL) and non-CAD (identified by coronary angiography or cardiac CT angiography); 2) low HDL and CAD; 3) high HDL (men >50mg/dL; women >60mg/dL) with no CAD; and 4) high HDL with CAD. Serum cytokines, serum MPO levels, serum CEC, MPO-oxidized HDL tyrosine moieties, and HDL proteome were assessed by mass spectrometry individually in the four groups. The cytokines, MPO levels, and HDL proteome profiles were not significantly different between the four groups. As expected, CEC was depressed in the entire CAD group but more specifically in the CAD low-HDL group. HDL of CAD subjects had significantly higher 3-nitrotyrosine than non-CAD subjects, but the MPO-specific 3-chlorotyrosine was unchanged; CEC in the CAD low-HDL group did not correlate with either HDL 3-chlorotyrosine or 3-nitrotyrosine levels. Neither 3-chlorotyrosine, which is MPO-specific, nor 3-nitrotyrosine generated from MPO or other reactive nitrogen species was associated with CEC. MPO mediated oxidative stress and HDL proteome composition changes are not the primary cause HDL dysfunction in Chinese subjects with CAD. These studies highlight ethnic differences in HDL dysfunction between United States and Chinese cohorts raising possibility of unique pathways of HDL dysfunction in this cohort.
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166
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Langseth MS, Opstad TB, Bratseth V, Solheim S, Arnesen H, Pettersen AÅ, Seljeflot I, Helseth R. Markers of neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with adverse clinical outcome in stable coronary artery disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:762-769. [PMID: 29473463 DOI: 10.1177/2047487318760618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps, comprising chromatin and granule proteins, have been implicated in atherothrombosis. Design and methods We investigated whether the circulating neutrophil extracellular traps markers, double-stranded DNA and myeloperoxidase-DNA were associated with clinical outcome and hypercoagulability in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients with angiographically verified stable coronary artery disease ( n = 1001) were included. Follow-up was 2 years, recording 106 clinical endpoints (unstable angina, non-haemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction or death). Serum collected at baseline was used to determine double-stranded DNA and myeloperoxidase-DNA levels. Results The neutrophil extracellular traps markers were weakly intercorrelated ( r = 0.103, P = 0.001). Patients with the highest quartile of double-stranded DNA had weakly but significantly elevated hypercoagulability markers (prothrombin fragment 1+2, D-dimer, free and total tissue factor pathway inhibitor ( P < 0.001 for all)). Men, smokers, patients with metabolic syndrome and patients with a previous myocardial infarction had significantly elevated double-stranded DNA levels ( P ≤ 0.002 for all). Significantly higher double-stranded DNA levels were observed in the group experiencing a clinical endpoint compared to the group without ( P = 0.019). When categorising double-stranded DNA into quartiles, a distinct cut-off between the lowest and upper three quartiles was observed. Adjusting for relevant covariates, patients in the upper three quartiles had an odds ratio of 2.01 (95% confidence interval 1.12, 3.58, P = 0.019) for experiencing a clinical endpoint. Myeloperoxidase-DNA was not significantly associated with clinical outcome or hypercoagulability. Conclusions Double-stranded DNA levels were significantly related to adverse clinical outcome after 2 years, but only weakly associated with hypercoagulability. These observations suggest that the detrimental effects of neutrophil extracellular traps in coronary artery disease might extend beyond those related to hypercoagulability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sjåstad Langseth
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Baur Opstad
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Bratseth
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,3 Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Alf Åge Pettersen
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,4 Department of Cardiology, Ringerike Hospital, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,3 Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Helseth
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway.,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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167
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Zhang R, Song B, Yuan J. Bioanalytical methods for hypochlorous acid detection: Recent advances and challenges. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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168
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Update on the laboratory investigation of dyslipidemias. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 479:103-125. [PMID: 29336935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of the clinical laboratory is evolving to provide more information to clinicians to assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and target therapy more effectively. Current routine methods to measure LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), the Friedewald calculation, ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis and homogeneous direct methods have established limitations. Studies suggest that LDL and HDL size or particle concentration are alternative methods to predict future CVD risk. At this time there is no consensus role for lipoprotein particle or subclasses in CVD risk assessment. LDL and HDL particle concentration are measured by several methods, namely gradient gel electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation-vertical auto profile, nuclear magnetic resonance and ion mobility. It has been suggested that HDL functional assays may be better predictors of CVD risk. To assess the issue of lipoprotein subclasses/particles and HDL function as potential CVD risk markers robust, simple, validated analytical methods are required. In patients with small dense LDL particles, even a perfect measure of LDL-C will not reflect LDL particle concentration. Non-HDL-C is an alternative measurement and includes VLDL and CM remnant cholesterol and LDL-C. However, apolipoprotein B measurement may more accurately reflect LDL particle numbers. Non-fasting lipid measurements have many practical advantages. Defining thresholds for treatment with new measurements of CVD risk remain a challenge. In families with genetic variants, ApoCIII and lipoprotein (a) may be additional risk factors. Recognition of familial causes of dyslipidemias and diagnosis in childhood will result in early treatment. This review discusses the limitations in current laboratory technologies to predict CVD risk and reviews the evidence for emergent approaches using newer biomarkers in clinical practice.
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169
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Peck MJ, Sanders EB, Scherer G, Lüdicke F, Weitkunat R. Review of biomarkers to assess the effects of switching from cigarettes to modified risk tobacco products. Biomarkers 2018; 23:213-244. [PMID: 29297706 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2017.1419284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Context: One approach to reducing the harm caused by cigarette smoking, at both individual and population level, is to develop, assess and commercialize modified risk alternatives that adult smokers can switch to. Studies to demonstrate the exposure and risk reduction potential of such products generally involve the measuring of biomarkers, of both exposure and effect, sampled in various biological matrices.Objective: In this review, we detail the pros and cons for using several biomarkers as indicators of effects of changing from conventional cigarettes to modified risk products.Materials and methods: English language publications between 2008 and 2017 were retrieved from PubMed using the same search criteria for each of the 25 assessed biomarkers. Nine exclusion criteria were applied to exclude non-relevant publications.Results: A total of 8876 articles were retrieved (of which 7476 were excluded according to the exclusion criteria). The literature indicates that not all assessed biomarkers return to baseline levels following smoking cessation during the study periods but that nine had potential for use in medium to long-term studies.Discussion and conclusion: In clinical studies, it is important to choose biomarkers that show the biological effect of cessation within the duration of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Frank Lüdicke
- Research & Development, Philip Morris International, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Weitkunat
- Research & Development, Philip Morris International, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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170
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Akentieva NP, Sanina NA, Gizatullin AR, Shmatko NY, Goryachev NS, Shkondina NI, Prikhodchenko TR, Aldoshin SM. The inhibitory effect of dinitrosyl iron complexes (NO donors) on myeloperoxidase activity. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2018; 477:389-393. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917060126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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171
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Calmarza P, Lapresta C, Martínez M, Lahoz R, Povar J. Utility of myeloperoxidase in the differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. ARCHIVOS DE CARDIOLOGIA DE MEXICO 2017; 88:391-396. [PMID: 29233491 DOI: 10.1016/j.acmx.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the usefulness of myeloperoxidase in discriminating between patients with acute coronary syndrome and patients with chest pain by other causes. METHODS The study included all patients over 18 years of age who come consecutively to the emergency department from September 2015 to December 2015 with chest pain of non-traumatic origin. The initial patient evaluation was performed according to the study protocol for patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in our Emergency Department. This included the serial measurement of troponin, and in this case myeloperoxidase, with serialization on admission and at 6h. For the determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a single step sandwich enzyme immunoassay by Siemens, automated on a Dimension analyser, was used. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed in the concentration of myeloperoxidase at time 0 among patients diagnosed with ACS: 505 (413)pmol/L, and non-ACS patients: 388 (195)pmol/L (p<.001), as well as at 6h (p<.001). An area under the curve ROC of 0.824 was obtained at 6h for ACS patients, with a confidence interval of 95% from 0.715 to 0.933 and a level of significance of p<.001. Statistically significant differences were also found in the concentration of myeloperoxidase at time 0 and at 6h among patients with ACS and patients with heart disease other than coronary artery disease. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of MPO helps to differentiate between ACS and non-ACS patients, as well as between ACS patients and patients with heart diseases other than coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Calmarza
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Universitary Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Carlos Lapresta
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Barbastro Hospital, Huesca, Spain
| | - María Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Lahoz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Universitary Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Povar
- Department of Urgences, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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172
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Humenberger M, Andreas M, Redwan B, Distelmaier K, Klappacher G, Adlbrecht C, Wurm R, Lang IM. Peri-interventional endothelin-A receptor blockade improves long-term outcome in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction. Thromb Haemost 2017; 112:176-82. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-10-0832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryEndothelin (ET)-1 is a pro-fibrotic vasoconstrictive peptide causing microvascular dysfunction and cardiac remodelling after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It acts via two distinct receptors, ET-A and ET-B, and is involved in inflammation and atherogenesis. Patients with posterior-wall STEMI were randomly assigned to intravenous BQ-123 at 400 nmol/minute (min) or placebo over 60 min, starting immediately prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (n=54). Peripheral blood samples were drawn at baseline as well as after 24 hours and 30 days. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), as a marker of neutrophil activation and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), a marker of extracellular matrix degradation were measured in plasma. Clinical follow-up was conducted by an investigator blinded to treatment allocation over three years. During the median follow-up period of 3.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 3.3–4.1) we observed a longer event-free survival in patients randomised to receive BQ-123 compared with patients randomised to placebo (mean 4.5 years (95% confidence interval: 3.9–5) versus mean 3 years (2.2–3.7), p=0.031). Patients randomised to ET-A receptor blockade demonstrated a greater reduction of MPO levels from baseline to 24 hours compared to placebo-treated patients (-177 ng/ml (IQR 103–274) vs –108 ng/ml (74–147), p=0.006). In addition, a pronounced drop in MMP-9 levels (-568 ng/ml (44–1157) vs –117 ng/ml (57–561), p=0.018) was observed. There was no significant difference in amino-terminal propetide of pro-collagen type III levels. In conclusion, short-term administration of BQ-123 leads to a reduction in MPO, as well as MMP-9 plasma levels and to a longer event-free survival in patients with STEMI.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00502528
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173
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Distelmaier K, Schrutka L, Seidl V, Winter MP, Wurm R, Mangold A, Perkmann T, Maurer G, Adlbrecht C, Lang IM. Pro-oxidant HDL predicts poor outcome in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2017; 114:133-8. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SummaryOxidative stress affects clinical outcome in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS). Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are generally considered protective, deleterious properties of HDL have been observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Here, we analysed the association between pro oxidant HDL and all-cause mortality in STE-ACS patients. We determined the antioxidant function of HDL in 247 prospectively enrolled patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STE-ACS. Patients were stratified as by a pro-oxidant serum HDL oxidant index (HOI 1) or with an antioxidant serum HOI (HOL< 1) capacity. Multivariate regression analysis was used to relate HOI to survival. The median follow-up time was 23 months (IQR 14.4–40.0 months). Pro-oxidant HDL was observed in 44.1 % of STE-ACS patients and was independently associated with all-cause mortality with a hazard ratio of 3.30(95 %CI 1.50–7.27, p = 0.003). Mortality rates were higher in patients with baseline pro-oxidant HDL compared to patients with preserved HDL function at 30 days (11.9 % vs 2.2 %, p=0.002), and at 4 years (22.9 % vs 8.7 %, p=0.002). Elevated neutrophil counts were a strong and independent predictor for pro-oxidant HDL with an odds ratio per standard deviation of 1.50 (95 %CI 1.11–2.03, p=0.008), as was history of prior acute myocardial infarction, elevated triglycerides levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate. In conclusion, pro-oxidant HDL represents a strong and independent predictor of long-term as well as short-term all-cause mortality in STE-ACS patients. Elevated neutrophil counts predicted the presence of serum pro-oxidant HDL. The maintenance of HDL functions might be a promising therapeutic target in STE-ACS patients.
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Shih CC, Hwang HR, Chang CI, Su HM, Chen PC, Kuo HM, Li PJ, Wang HMD, Tsui KH, Lin YC, Huang SY, Wen ZH. Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of an Edible Red Macroalgae Sarcodia ceylanica. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112437. [PMID: 29149031 PMCID: PMC5713404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Research so far has only shown that edible red macroalgae, Sarcodia ceylanica has the ability to eliminate free radicals and anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial properties. This study was conducted both in vitro and in vivo on the ethyl acetate extract (PD1) of farmed red macroalgae in order to explore its anti-inflammatory properties. In order to study the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of PD1, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. For evaluating the potential in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of PD1, we used carrageenan-induced rat paw edema to produce inflammatory pain. The in vitro results indicated that PD1 inhibited the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages. Oral PD1 can reduce carrageenan-induced paw edema and inflammatory nociception. PD1 can significantly inhibit carrageenan-induced leukocyte infiltration, as well as the protein expression of inflammatory mediators (iNOS, interleukin-1β, and myeloperoxidase) in inflammatory tissue. The above results indicated that PD1 has great potential to be turned into a functional food or used in the development of new anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive agents. The results from this study are expected to help scientists in the continued development of Sarcodia ceylanica for other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Chih Shih
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Marketing and Distribution Management, Fortune Institute of Technology, Kaohsiung 83158, Taiwan.
| | - Hwong-Ru Hwang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Meei Su
- Tungkang Biotechnology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Pingtung 92845, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chin Chen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Jyuan Li
- Marine Biomedical Laboratory and Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou 362000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University), Fujian Province University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Marine Biomedical Laboratory and Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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175
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The role of biomarkers in the diagnosis and risk stratification of acute coronary syndrome. Future Sci OA 2017; 4:FSO251. [PMID: 29255623 PMCID: PMC5729601 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is a growing concern. Although traditional biomarkers, such as troponins and creatine kinase, play a central role in the diagnosis, risk stratification and management of coronary artery disease, they are unable to detect myocardial ischemia in the absence of necrosis. Therefore, early detection of ischemia in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome still remains a burning question. High-sensitivity troponin is evolving as a reliable biomarker in this regard and has been absorbed into clinical practice. Biomarkers are currently the focus of immense interest as it not only helps with diagnosis and management but also helps to understand the pathophysiology of the disease process. In addition, analysis using a multimarker strategy has also proven to be a very useful tool in risk stratification. This review will focus on the biomarkers and its application in the diagnosis and risk stratification of acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovascular diseases are a common group of diseases that affect a large population and account for a significant number of deaths worldwide. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a growing public health concern, where inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle results in reversible or irreversible damage to the cardiomyocyte. Early detection of ACS is crucial to deliver appropriate timely therapy to prevent myocardial necrosis and heart failure. Biomarkers are measurable and quantifiable biological substances that are used as indicators in the early diagnosis and management of patients with ACS. This article provides an overview of this topic and provides suggestions for the future.
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176
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Cho JY. Identification of Risk Factors Influencing In-Stent Restenosis with Acute Coronary Syndrome Presentation. Chonnam Med J 2017; 53:203-210. [PMID: 29026708 PMCID: PMC5636759 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2017.53.3.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the angiographic rates of in-stent restenosis (ISR) at later months have reduced dramatically with the introduction of drug-eluting stents (DESs), some patients with ISR after implantation of DES present with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Here, we sought to identify parameters influencing the likelihood of restenosis with ACS presentation after DES implantation. Stented patients (n=3,817) with DESs in the Korea University Anam Hospital percutaneous coronary intervention registry were reviewed retrospectively for inclusion. In this database, 247 age- and sex-matched patients (6.5%) with ISR were allocated to either the Stable ISR group (n=78) or the ACS ISR group (n=73). Predictors of in-stent restenosis were identified with Cox regression analyses. Age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.27; p=0.026), diabetes (HR, 8.40; 95% CI, 1.30 to 54.1; p=0.025), use of aspirin (HR, 0.003; 95% CI, 0.0001 to 0.63; p=0.03), clopidogrel (HR, 0.005; 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.121; p=0.001), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker (HR, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.14; p<0.001), use of first -generation DES (HR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.009 to 0.59; p=0.014), and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) levels (HR, 1.120; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.190; p=0.004) during follow-up angiograms were significant predictors of ISR with ACS presentation during the 3 year follow-up. Age, diabetes, the use of first generation DES, and increased MMP-2 levels were significant predictors of ISR with ACS presentation; moreover, the use of aspirin, clopidogrel, RAS blocker, and the use of second generation DESs prevented ISR with ACS presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
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177
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Yun S, Ryu H, Lee E. Immunomagnetic separation of human myeloperoxidase using an antibody-mimicking peptide identified by phage display. J Biotechnol 2017; 257:118-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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178
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Adingupu DD, Westergren HU, Dahgam S, Jönsson-Rylander AC, Blomster J, Albertsson P, Omerovic E, Svedlund S, Gan LM. Radial artery intima-media thickness regresses after secondary prevention interventions in patients' post-acute coronary syndrome and is associated with cardiac and kidney biomarkers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53419-53431. [PMID: 28881821 PMCID: PMC5581120 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radial artery intima-media thickness (rIMT) measured by ultra-high-resolution ultrasound is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and predicts outcomes. We performed non-invasive high-resolution ultrasound of the radial artery to investigate vascular changes in subjects presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). PURPOSE In the present work, we aimed to follow rIMT change over time post-acute coronary syndrome as a tool to monitor potential response to intensified medical therapy. METHODS We examined 256 subjects who underwent PCI due to ACS and healthy controls (n= 39) and we measured a number of biomarkers, which are known to be associated with cardiovascular disease. Images of radial artery were acquired bilaterally in the longitudinal view using a 50 MHz transducer (Vevo 2100 VisualSonics, Inc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada). Carotid IMT (cIMT) and rIMT were measured at <1 month after index PCI followed by a repeated measurement of rIMT at 4 months from the ACS in a sub-set (n=117). RESULTS rIMT measured within 1 month post ACS was significantly higher than rIMT after 4 months from ACS, (p < 0.0001), mean ± SD (rIMT right 0.35 ± 0.08; rIMT left 0.37 ± 0.08) vs. (rIMT right 0.29 ± 0.08; rIMT left 0.31 ± 0.09) respectively. There was no statistically significant change in cIMT. In healthy controls there were no changes in rIMT or cIMT overtime. High levels of CX3CL1 and myeloperoxidase measured within one month post ACS are associated with increase of rIMT, r=0.38 (p< 0.0001) and r=0.41 (p< 0.0001) respectively. CONCLUSIONS rIMT seem to decrease systemically after ACS and is accompanied with corresponding biomarker change. The cause and clinical implications of the observed decrement in rIMT after ACS need further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena U Westergren
- AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Juuso Blomster
- AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Albertsson
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elmir Omerovic
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Svedlund
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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179
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Meeuwsen JAL, Wesseling M, Hoefer IE, de Jager SCA. Prognostic Value of Circulating Inflammatory Cells in Patients with Stable and Acute Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:44. [PMID: 28770211 PMCID: PMC5509763 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a lipid driven chronic inflammatory disease underlying the majority of ischemic events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Clinical management of ischemic events has improved considerably in the past decades. Accordingly, survival rates have increased. Nevertheless, 12% of patients die within 6 months after the initial event. To improve secondary prevention, appropriate risk prediction is key. However, up to date, there is no clinically available routine marker to identify patients at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. Due to the central role of inflammation in atherosclerotic lesion progression and destabilization, many studies have focused on the role of circulating inflammatory cells in these processes. This review summarizes the current evidence on the potential of circulating inflammatory cells as biomarkers for recurrent adverse manifestations in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A L Meeuwsen
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Wesseling
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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180
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Afshinnia F, Zeng L, Byun J, Gadegbeku CA, Magnone MC, Whatling C, Valastro B, Kretzler M, Pennathur S. Myeloperoxidase Levels and Its Product 3-Chlorotyrosine Predict Chronic Kidney Disease Severity and Associated Coronary Artery Disease. Am J Nephrol 2017; 46:73-81. [PMID: 28668952 DOI: 10.1159/000477766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of myeloperoxidase in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its association with coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial. In this study, we compared myeloperoxidase and protein-bound 3-chlorotyrosine (ClY) levels in subjects with varying degrees of CKD and tested their associations with CAD. METHODS From Clinical Phenotyping Resource and Biobank Core, 111 patients were selected from CKD stages 1 to 5. Plasma myeloperoxidase level was measured using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay. Plasma protein-bound 3-ClY, a specific product of hypochlorous acid generated by myeloperoxidase was measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS We selected 29, 20, 24, 22, and 16 patients from stages 1 to 5 CKD, respectively. In a sex-adjusted general linear model, mean ± SD of myeloperoxidase levels decreased from 18.1 ± 12.3 pmol in stage 1 to 10.9 ± 4.7 pmol in stage 5 (p = 0.011). In patients with and without CAD, the levels were 19.1 ± 10.1 and 14.8 ± 8.7 pmol (p = 0.036). There was an increase in 3-ClY mean from 0.81 ± 0.36 mmol/mol-tyrosine in stage 1 to 1.42 ± 0.41 mmol/mol-tyrosine in stage 5 (p < 0.001). The mean 3-ClY levels in patients with and without CAD were 1.25 ± 0.44 and 1.04 ± 0.42 mmol/mol-tyrosine (p = 0.023), respectively. C-statistic of ClY when added to myeloperoxidase level to predict CKD stage 5 was 0.86, compared to 0.79 for the myeloperoxidase level alone (p = 0.0097). CONCLUSION The myeloperoxidase levels decrease from stages 1 to 5, whereas activity increases. In contrast, both myeloperoxidase and ClY levels rise in the presence of CAD at various stages of CKD. Measuring both plasma myeloperoxidase and 3-CLY levels provide added value to determine the burden of myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farsad Afshinnia
- University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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181
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Rudolph TK, Fuchs A, Klinke A, Schlichting A, Friedrichs K, Hellmich M, Mollenhauer M, Schwedhelm E, Baldus S, Rudolph V. Prasugrel as opposed to clopidogrel improves endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability and reduces platelet-leukocyte interaction in patients with unstable angina pectoris: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Cardiol 2017; 248:7-13. [PMID: 28709700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet inhibition has been linked to improved endothelial function, a prognostic factor in coronary artery disease. Whether prasugrel, a potent platelet inhibitor, affects endothelial function remains unknown. METHODS This was a double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, parallel trial. Patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) received either a daily dose of clopidogrel 75mg (n=23) or prasugrel 10mg (n=22). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), circulating nitrate and nitrite, inflammatory markers and platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs) were assessed the day after PCI and after 3months. RESULTS Baseline patient demographics were well matched between treatment groups. Prasugrel led to a significant improvement of FMD after 3months (9.01±3.64% vs. 6.65±3.24%, p=0.001). In contrast, no significant change was observed in the clopidogrel group (7.21±2.84% vs. 6.30±2.97%, p=0.187). Adjusted for baseline FMD, hyperlipidemia and statin use, the treatment effect on change in FMD favoured prasugrel by an absolute 1.97% (95% CI 0.29% to 3.66%, p=0.023). A significant reduction of plasma hsCRP, myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase and an increase of nitrate levels were noted in both treatment arms. Interestingly, only prasugrel significantly reduced sCD40 ligand and RANTES and increased nitrite levels. Prasugrel reduced the ADP-stimulated increase in PLAs by 40% (IR: 82 to 13), whereas clopidogrel revealed no such effect (1% increase (IR: 13 to 50) (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Prasugrel exhibits beneficial mid-term effects on endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability and inflammatory markers. (EudraCT number: 2009-015406-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja K Rudolph
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Alexander Fuchs
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Klinke
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Schlichting
- University of Hamburg, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology - Electrophysiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Friedrichs
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- University of Cologne, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
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182
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Abstract
The myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene 463G/A and 129G/A polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the results remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis was designed to clarify these controversies.PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were used to retrieve the relevant literature up to March 2015 according to keywords. A total of 8 case-control studies, including 3491 cases and 7293 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.There was strong evidence of an association between the MPO 463G/A polymorphism and CAD. The data revealed that only the dominant model was associated with CAD (dominant model: OR = 0.872, 95% CI = 0.77-0.99). Regarding the 129G/A gene polymorphism, the pooled OR for the genotype AA + AG versus GG was 0.906 (95% CI = 0.74-1.10).This meta-analysis suggested an association between the MPO 463G/A polymorphism and the risk of CAD, but there is no significant association between the MPO 129G/A gene polymorphism and CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shan Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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183
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Khine HW, Teiber JF, Haley RW, Khera A, Ayers CR, Rohatgi A. Association of the serum myeloperoxidase/high-density lipoprotein particle ratio and incident cardiovascular events in a multi-ethnic population: Observations from the Dallas Heart Study. Atherosclerosis 2017. [PMID: 28645072 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a product of systemic inflammation, promotes oxidation of lipoproteins; whereas, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) exerts anti-oxidative effects in part via paraoxonase-1 (PON1). MPO induces dysfunctional HDL particles; however, the interaction of circulating levels of these measures in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been studied in humans. We tested whether serum levels of MPO indexed to HDL particle concentration (MPO/HDLp) are associated with increased CVD risk in a large multiethnic population sample, free of CVD at baseline. METHODS Levels of MPO, HDL-C, and HDL particle concentration (HDLp) by NMR were measured at baseline in 2924 adults free of CVD. The associations of MPO/HDLp with incident ASCVD (first non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or CVD death) and total CVD were assessed in Cox proportional-hazards models adjusted for traditional risk factors. The median follow-up period was 9.4 years. RESULTS Adjusted for sex and race/ethnicity, MPO/HDLp was associated directly with body mass index, smoking status, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin 18, and inversely with age, HDL-C levels, HDL size, and PON1 arylesterase activity, but not with cholesterol efflux. In fully adjusted models, the highest versus lowest quartile of MPO/HDLp was associated with a 74% increase in incident ASCVD (aHR, 1.74, 95% CI 1.12-2.70) and a 91% increase in total incident CVD (aHR, 1.91, 95% CI 1.27-2.85). CONCLUSIONS Increased MPO indexed to HDL particle concentration (MPO/HDLp) at baseline is associated with increased risk of incident CVD events in a population initially free of CVD over the 9.4 year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet W Khine
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John F Teiber
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robert W Haley
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amit Khera
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Colby R Ayers
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anand Rohatgi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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184
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Myeloperoxidase-immunoreactive cells are significantly increased in brain areas affected by neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 369:445-454. [PMID: 28466093 PMCID: PMC5579172 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key enzyme in inflammatory and degenerative processes, although conflicting reports have been presented concerning its expression in the brain. We studied the cellular localization of MPO and compared numbers of MPO cells in various brain regions between neurologically healthy individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 10-25). We also investigated two rodent PD models. MPO immunoreactivity (ir) was detected in monocytes, perivascular macrophages and amoeboid microglia in the human brain parenchyma, whereas no co-localization with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) ir was observed. In the midbrain, caudate and putamen, we found a significant increase of MPO-immunoreactive cells in PD compared with control brains, whereas in the cerebellum, no difference was apparent. MPO ir was detected neither in neurons nor in occasional small beta-amyloid-immunoreactive plaques in PD or control cases. In the frontal cortex of AD patients, we found significantly more MPO-immunoreactive cells compared with control cases, together with intense MPO ir in extracellular plaques. In the hippocampus of several AD cases, MPO-like ir was observed in some pyramidal neurons. Neither rapid dopamine depletion in the rat PD model, nor slow degeneration of dopamine neurons in MitoPark mice induced the expression of MPO ir in any brain region. MPO mRNA was not detectable with radioactive in situ hybridization in any human or rodent brain area, although myeloid cells from bone marrow displayed clear MPO signals. Our results indicate significant increases of MPO-immunoreactive cells in brain regions affected by neurodegeneration in PD and AD, supporting investigations of MPO inhibitors in novel treatment strategies.
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185
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Kormi I, Nieminen MT, Havulinna AS, Zeller T, Blankenberg S, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T, Salomaa V, Pussinen PJ. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 predict incident cardiovascular disease events and all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1136-1144. [PMID: 28429955 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317706585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Extracellular matrix degrading proteases and their regulators play an important role in atherogenesis and subsequent plaque rupture leading to acute cardiovascular manifestations. Design and methods In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the prognostic value of circulating matrix metalloproteinase-8, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 concentrations, the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-8/ tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and, for comparison, myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein concentrations for incident cardiovascular disease endpoints. The population-based FINRISK97 cohort comprised 7928 persons without cardiovascular disease at baseline. The baseline survey included a clinical examination and blood sampling. During a 13-year follow-up the endpoints were ascertained through national healthcare registers. The associations of measured biomarkers with the endpoints, including cardiovascular disease event, coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, stroke and all-cause death, were analysed using Cox regression models. Discrimination and reclassification models were used to evaluate the clinical implications of the biomarkers. Results Serum tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and C-reactive protein concentrations were associated significantly with increased risk for all studied endpoints. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinase-8 concentration was associated with the risk for a coronary artery disease event, myocardial infarction and death, and myeloperoxidase concentration with the risk for cardiovascular disease events, stroke and death. The only significant association for the matrix metalloproteinase-8/ tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 ratio was observed with the risk for myocardial infarction. Adding tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 to the established risk profile improved risk discrimination of myocardial infarction ( p=0.039) and death (0.001). Both matrix metalloproteinase-8 (5.2%, p < 0.001) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (12.9%, p < 0.001) provided significant clinical net reclassification improvement for death. Conclusions Serum matrix metalloproteinase-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 can be considered as biomarkers of incident cardiovascular disease events and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immi Kormi
- 1 Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - Mikko T Nieminen
- 2 Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | | | - Tanja Zeller
- 4 Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany.,5 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- 4 Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany.,5 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Timo Sorsa
- 2 Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.,6 Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Pirkko J Pussinen
- 2 Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
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186
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Tian R, Ding Y, Peng YY, Lu N. Inhibition of Myeloperoxidase- and Neutrophil-Mediated Hypochlorous Acid Formation in Vitro and Endothelial Cell Injury by (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3198-3203. [PMID: 28361543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays important roles in various diseases through its unique chlorinating activity to catalyze excess hypochlorous acid (HOCl) formation. Epidemiological studies indicate an inverse correlation between plant polyphenol consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Here we showed that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main flavonoid present in green tea, dose-dependently inhibited MPO-mediated HOCl formation in vitro (chlorinating activities of MPO: 50.2 ± 5.7% for 20 μM EGCG versus 100 ± 5.6% for control, P < 0.01). UV-vis spectral and docking studies indicated that EGCG bound to the active site (heme) of MPO and resulted in the accumulation of compound II, which was unable to produce HOCl. This flavonoid also effectively inhibited HOCl generation in activated neutrophils (HOCl formation: 65.0 ± 5.6% for 20 μM EGCG versus 100 ± 6.2% for control, P < 0.01) without influencing MPO and Nox2 release and superoxide formation, suggesting that EGCG specifically inhibited MPO but not NADPH oxidase activity in activated neutrophils. Moreover, EGCG inhibited MPO (or neutrophil)-mediated HOCl formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) culture and accordingly protected HUVEC from MPO (or neutrophil)-induced injury (P < 0.05, all cases), although it did not induce cytotoxicity to HUVEC (P > 0.05, all cases). Our results indicate that dietary EGCG is an effective and specific inhibitor of MPO activity and may participate in the regulation of immune responses at inflammatory sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry in Jiangxi Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry in Jiangxi Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry in Jiangxi Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang, China
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry in Jiangxi Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang, China
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187
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Ibrahim DM, Radwan RR, Abdel Fattah SM. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of sea cucumber and valsartan against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: The role of low dose gamma irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 170:70-78. [PMID: 28395211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective antineoplastic drug; however, the clinical use of DOX is limited by its dose dependent cardiotoxicity. This study was conducted to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of sea cucumber and valsartan against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Also, the role of exposure to low dose γ radiation (LDR) on each of them was investigated, since LDR could suppress various reactive oxygen species-related diseases. Rats received DOX (2.5mg/kg, ip) in six equal injections over a period of 2weeks, sea cucumber (14.4mg/kg, p.o) and valsartan (30mg/kg, p.o) for 8 successive weeks. Exposure to LDR (0.5Gy) was performed one day prior to DOX. Results revealed that DOX administration elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK-MB) and troponin-I as well as increased cardiac lipid peroxide content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Additionally, it increased cardiac expressions of iNOS and caspase-3, accompanied by reduction in cardiac total protein and glutathione (GSH) contents. Treatment with sea cucumber or valsartan improved the cardiotoxicity of DOX. Their adjuvant therapy with LDR offers an additional benefit to the cardioprotection of the therapeutic drugs. These results confirmed by histopathological examination. In conclusion, sea cucumber and valsartan alone or combined with LDR attenuated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity via their antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities and thus might be useful in the treatment of human patients under doxorubicin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Rasha R Radwan
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salma M Abdel Fattah
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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188
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Maiocchi SL, Morris JC, Rees MD, Thomas SR. Regulation of the nitric oxide oxidase activity of myeloperoxidase by pharmacological agents. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 135:90-115. [PMID: 28344126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The leukocyte-derived heme enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) is released extracellularly during inflammation and impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by directly oxidizing NO or producing NO-consuming substrate radicals. Here, structurally diverse pharmacological agents with activities as MPO substrates/inhibitors or antioxidants were screened for their effects on MPO NO oxidase activity in human plasma and physiological model systems containing endogenous MPO substrates/antioxidants (tyrosine, urate, ascorbate). Hydrazide-based irreversible/reversible MPO inhibitors (4-ABAH, isoniazid) or the sickle cell anaemia drug, hydroxyurea, all promoted MPO NO oxidase activity. This involved the capacity of NO to antagonize MPO inhibition by hydrazide-derived radicals and/or the ability of drug-derived radicals to stimulate MPO turnover thereby increasing NO consumption by MPO redox intermediates or NO-consuming radicals. In contrast, the mechanism-based irreversible MPO inhibitor 2-thioxanthine, potently inhibited MPO turnover and NO consumption. Although the phenolics acetaminophen and resveratrol initially increased MPO turnover and NO consumption, they limited the overall extent of NO loss by rapidly depleting H2O2 and promoting the formation of ascorbyl radicals, which inefficiently consume NO. The vitamin E analogue trolox inhibited MPO NO oxidase activity in ascorbate-depleted fluids by scavenging NO-consuming tyrosyl and urate radicals. Tempol and related nitroxides decreased NO consumption in ascorbate-replete fluids by scavenging MPO-derived ascorbyl radicals. Indoles or apocynin yielded marginal effects. Kinetic analyses rationalized differences in drug activities and identified criteria for the improved inhibition of MPO NO oxidase activity. This study reveals that widely used agents have important implications for MPO NO oxidase activity under physiological conditions, highlighting new pharmacological strategies for preserving NO bioavailability during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Maiocchi
- Mechanisms of Disease & Translational Research, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martin D Rees
- Mechanisms of Disease & Translational Research, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Shane R Thomas
- Mechanisms of Disease & Translational Research, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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189
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Srikanthan K, Klug R, Tirona M, Thompson E, Visweshwar H, Puri N, Shapiro J, Sodhi K. Creating a Biomarker Panel for Early Detection of Chemotherapy Related Cardiac Dysfunction in Breast Cancer Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28642833 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9880.1000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is an important issue for breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-trastuzumab therapy in the adjuvant setting. Studies show that 3-36% of patients receiving anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab experience chemotherapy related cardiac dysfunction (CRCD) and approximately 17% of patients must stop chemotherapy due to the consequences of CRCD. There is currently no standardized, clinically verified way to detect CRCD early, but common practices include serial echocardiography and troponin measurements, which can be timely, costly, and not always available in areas where health care resources are scarce. Furthermore, detection of CRCD, before there is any echocardiographic evidence of dysfunction or clinical symptoms present, would allow maximal benefit of chemotherapy and minimize cardiac complications. Creating a panel of serum biomarkers would allow for more specificity and sensitivity in the early detection of CRCD, which would be easy to implement and cost effective in places with limited health care. Based on a review of the literature, we propose creating a biomarker panel consisting of topoisomerase 2β, serum troponin T/I, myeloperoxidase, NT-proBNP, miR-208b, miR-34a, and miR-150 in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab to detect CRCD before any signs of overt cardiotoxicity are apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Srikanthan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Rebecca Klug
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Maria Tirona
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Ellen Thompson
- Department of Cardiology, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Haresh Visweshwar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Nitin Puri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Joseph Shapiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
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190
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Myeloperoxidase, asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system in cardiovascular risk patients: Cross-sectional findings from the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:739-745. [PMID: 28322753 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The leukocyte-derived myeloperoxidase (MPO), the nitric oxidase synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetrical dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate potential interactions between the RAAS, ADMA and MPO in cardiovascular risk patients. DESIGN AND METHODS All in all, 1446 patients, who were referred to coronary angiography, were included in this prospective study. MPO, ADMA and circulating serum markers of the RAAS system were measured. Additionally, all-cause and CVD mortality, cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory and endothelial markers, and medication use were investigated. RESULTS MPO concentrations were significantly associated with ADMA (P=0.002), renin (P=0.001) and angiotensin II levels (P=0.015), whereas ADMA was in tendency associated with renin (P=0.059) and significantly with angiotensin II (P=0.001). Both, ADMA and MPO were inversely correlated with angiotensinogen, angiotensin I and the angiotensin I/angiotensin II ratio. ADMA and angiotensin II were found stronger independent risk factors for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to MPO. CONCLUSIONS MPO concentrations were significantly associated with higher ADMA levels and an up-regulated circulating RAAS in patients with CVD. Moreover, serum levels of ADMA and angiotensin II were shown to be more predictive for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to MPO.
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191
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Neutrophil-derived microparticles are released into the coronary circulation following percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome patients. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160430. [PMID: 27913753 PMCID: PMC5240586 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate (i) local coronary and systemic levels of microparticles (MP) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients and (ii) their release after plaque disruption with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MP are small vesicles originating from plasma membranes of cells after activation or apoptosis and are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Neutrophils play a role in plaque destabilization and shed neutrophil-derived MP that have the potential to drive significant proinflammatory and thrombotic downstream effects. Eight ACS and eight SAP patients were included. Coronary sinus (CS) samples pre-intervention (CS1), 45 s following balloon angioplasty (CS2) and at 45 s intervals following stent deployment (CS3, CS4 and CS5), together with peripheral vein samples, pre- and post-PCI were analysed for neutrophil-derived (CD66b+), endothelial-derived (CD144+), platelet-derived (CD41a+), monocyte-derived (CD14+) and apoptotic (Annexin V+) MP. ELISA for interleukin (IL)-6, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and P-selectin was also performed. CD66b+ MP levels were similar in both groups pre-intervention. Post-PCI, CS levels rose significantly in ACS but not SAP patients (ACS area under the curve (AUC): 549 ± 83, SAP AUC: 24 ± 29, P<0.01). CS CD41a+, CD144+, CD14+ and Annexin V+ MP levels did not differ between groups. Acute neutrophil-derived MP release post-PCI occurs in ACS compared with stable patients, likely to be reflective of plaque MP content in vulnerable lesions.
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192
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Zhou B, Zu L, Chen Y, Zheng X, Wang Y, Pan B, Dong M, Zhou E, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Gao W. Myeloperoxidase-oxidized high density lipoprotein impairs atherosclerotic plaque stability by inhibiting smooth muscle cell migration. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:3. [PMID: 28069011 PMCID: PMC5223295 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High density lipoprotein (HDL) has been proved to be a protective factor for coronary heart disease. Notably, HDL in atherosclerotic plaques can be nitrated (NO2-oxHDL) and chlorinated (Cl-oxHDL) by myeloperoxidase (MPO), likely compromising its cardiovascular protective effects. Method Here we determined the effects of NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL on SMC migration using wound healing and transwell assays, proliferation using MTT and BrdU assays, and apoptosis using Annexin-V assay in vitro, as well as on atherosclerotic plaque stability in vivo using a coratid artery collar implantation mice model. Results Our results showed that native HDL promoted SMC proliferation and migration, whereas NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL inhibited SMC migration and reduced capacity of stimulating SMC proliferation as well as migration, respectively. OxHDL had no significant influence on SMC apoptosis. In addition, we found that ERK1/2-phosphorylation was significantly lower when SMCs were incubated with NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL. Furthermore, transwell experiments showed that differences between native HDL, NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL was abolished after PD98059 (MAPK kinase inhibitor) treatment. In aortic SMCs from scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) deficient mice, differences between migration of native HDL, NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL treated SMCs vanished, indicating SR-BI’s possible role in HDL-associated SMC migration. Importantly, NO2-oxHDL and Cl-oxHDL induced neointima formation and reduced SMC positive staining cells in atherosclerotic plaque, resulting in elevated vulnerable index of atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion These findings implicate MPO-catalyzed oxidization of HDL may contribute to atherosclerotic plaque instability by inhibiting SMC proliferation and migration through MAPK-ERK pathway which was dependent on SR-BI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0388-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boda Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lingyun Zu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Xilong Zheng
- Department Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yuhui Wang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bing Pan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Min Dong
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Enchen Zhou
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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193
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Abstract
Although substantial improvements have been made in majority of cardiac disorders, heart failure (HF) remains a major health problem, with both increasing incidence and prevalence over the past decades. For that reason, the number of potential biomarkers that could contribute to diagnosis and treatment of HF patients is, almost exponentially, increasing over the recent years. The biomarkers that are, at the moment, more or less ready for use in everyday clinical practice, reflect different pathophysiological processes present in HF. In this review, seven groups of biomarkers associated to myocardial stretch (mid-regional proatrial natriuretic peptide, MR-proANP), myocyte injury (high-sensitive troponins, hs-cTn; heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, H-FABP; glutathione transferase P1, GSTP1), matrix remodeling (galectin-3; soluble isoform of suppression of tumorigenicity 2, sST2), inflammation (growth differentiation factor-15, GDF-15), renal dysfunction (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL; kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), neurohumoral activation (adrenomedullin, MR-proADM; copeptin), and oxidative stress (ceruloplasmin; myeloperoxidase, MPO; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG; thioredoxin 1, Trx1) in HF will be overviewed. It is important to note that clinical value of individual biomarkers within the single time points in both diagnosis and outcome prediction in HF is limited. Hence, the future of biomarker application in HF lies in the multimarker panel strategy, which would include specific combination of biomarkers that reflect different pathophysiological processes underlying HF.
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194
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Colombo G, Clerici M, Altomare A, Rusconi F, Giustarini D, Portinaro N, Garavaglia ML, Rossi R, Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A. Thiol oxidation and di-tyrosine formation in human plasma proteins induced by inflammatory concentrations of hypochlorous acid. J Proteomics 2017; 152:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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195
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Ali M, Pulli B, Courties G, Tricot B, Sebas M, Iwamoto Y, Hilgendorf I, Schob S, Dong A, Zheng W, Skoura A, Kalgukar A, Cortes C, Ruggeri R, Swirski FK, Nahrendorf M, Buckbinder L, Chen JW. Myeloperoxidase Inhibition Improves Ventricular Function and Remodeling After Experimental Myocardial Infarction. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:633-643. [PMID: 30167547 PMCID: PMC6113523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory enzyme MPO is a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases. PF-1355 is an orally bioavailable mechanism-based inhibitor of MPO enzymatic activity. PF-1355 treatment successfully inhibited MPO in mouse models of myocardial infarction and ischemia reperfusion injury. Short duration oral drug treatment for 7 days attenuated inflammation and cardiac dilation during early infarct healing. However, MPO-containing cells persisted beyond 7 days. Prolonged 21-day treatment improved ejection fraction (∼44%) and decreased end-diastolic volume (∼53%) and left ventricular mass (∼33%) compared with untreated control subjects. Better therapeutic effect was also achieved when treatment was started early (at 1 h) after the initial ischemic insult.
PF-1355 is an oral myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitor that successfully decreased elevated MPO activity in mouse myocardial infarction models. Short duration PF-1355 treatment for 7 days decreased the number of inflammatory cells and attenuated left ventricular dilation. Cardiac function and remodeling improved when treatment was increased to 21 days. Better therapeutic effect was further achieved with early compared with delayed treatment initiation (1 h vs. 24 h after infarction). In conclusion, PF-1355 treatment protected a mouse heart from acute and chronic effects of MI, and this study paves the way for future translational studies investigating this class of drugs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Key Words
- CNR, contrast to noise ratio
- EDV, end-diastolic volume
- EF, ejection fraction
- IRI, ischemia reperfusion injury
- LAR, lesion activation ratio
- Ly-6C, lymphocyte antigen 6C
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MPO-Gd, bis-5-hydroxytryptamide-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-gadolinium
- MPO−/−, myeloperoxidase knock out
- inflammation
- myeloperoxidase
- myocardial infarction
- oxidative stress
- treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Pulli
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gabriel Courties
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benoit Tricot
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew Sebas
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stefan Schob
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anping Dong
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Zheng
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Athanasia Skoura
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amit Kalgukar
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christian Cortes
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Roger Ruggeri
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leonard Buckbinder
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - John W Chen
- Center for Systems Biology, and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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196
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Niccoli G, Menozzi A, Capodanno D, Trani C, Sirbu V, Fineschi M, Zara C, Crea F, Trabattoni D, Saia F, Ladich E, Biondi Zoccai G, Attizzani G, Guagliumi G. Relationship between Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers and Thrombus Characteristics in Patients with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cardiology 2016; 137:27-35. [PMID: 27988513 DOI: 10.1159/000452705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To compare angiographic and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data pertinent to thrombi, along with the histologic characteristics of aspirated thrombi in patients presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with or without inflammation, as assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Methods: In the OCTAVIA (Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Gender Diversity in Primary Angioplasty) study, 140 patients with STEMI referred for primary percutaneous intervention were enrolled. The patients underwent OCT assessment of the culprit vessel, along with blood sampling of CRP and MPO, and histologic analysis of the thrombus. Results: Biomarkers were available for 129 patients, and histology and immunohistochemistry of the thrombi were available for 78 patients. Comparisons were made using the median thresholds of CRP and MPO (2.08 mg/L and 604.124 ng/mL, respectively). There was no correlation between CRP and MPO levels in the whole population (p = 0.685). Patients with high CRP levels had higher thrombus grades and more frequent TIMI flow 0/1 compared with those with low CRP levels (5 [1st quartile 3; 3rd quartile 5] vs. 3.5 mg/L [1; 5], p = 0.007, and 69.3 vs. 48.5%, p = 0.04, respectively). Patients with high MPO levels more commonly had early thrombi than had those with low MPO levels (42.5 vs. 20.0%, p = 0.04). Conclusions: CRP and MPO were not correlated in STEMI patients, possibly reflecting different pathogenic mechanisms, with CRP more related to thrombus burden and MPO to thrombus age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Niccoli
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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The Time Course of Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients Undergoing Revascularisation for Acute Myocardial Infarction or Stable Angina Pectoris. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2182358. [PMID: 28074081 PMCID: PMC5198181 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2182358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been identified in acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the time profile and association with infarct size for NETs markers in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and stable angina pectoris (AP). Methods. In 20 patients with STEMI and 10 with AP undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), blood samples were collected before PCI (only AP group) and after 3 and 12 hours, days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 for measurement of NETs markers. Results. Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) and nucleosome levels were higher in STEMI than AP until day 3 and 12 hours (p < 0.03, all). DsDNA declined after day 5 in both groups (p < 0.04, all), while nucleosomes declined until day 3 only in the AP group (p < 0.05, all). DsDNA correlated with peak troponin T and creatine kinase MB (CKMB) at day 5 (r = 0.48, p = 0.03, both) and with MRI-measured infarct size at days 5 and 7 (r = 0.61, p = 0.01 and r = 0.52, p = 0.04, resp.), while nucleosomes correlated with infarct size at day 5 (r = 0.58, p = 0.02). Conclusions. High levels of NETs markers were observed in STEMI shortly after revascularisation and were partly associated with infarct size. The decline thereafter in both groups indicates a role for NETs in both acute and chronic atherothrombosis.
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198
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Neutrophils recruited to the myocardium after acute experimental myocardial infarct generate hypochlorous acid that oxidizes cardiac myoglobin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 612:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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199
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A HClO-specific near-infrared fluorescent probe for determination of Myeloperoxidase activity and imaging mitochondrial HClO in living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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200
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Taylor
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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