151
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Jung M, Ghamrawi S, Du EY, Gooding JJ, Kavallaris M. Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine: From Matrix Design to Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200690. [PMID: 35866252 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is highly complex owing to its heterogeneous composition and dynamic nature. This makes tumors difficult to replicate using traditional 2D cell culture models that are frequently used for studying tumor biology and drug screening. This often leads to poor translation of results between in vitro and in vivo and is reflected in the extremely low success rates of new candidate drugs delivered to the clinic. Therefore, there has been intense interest in developing 3D tumor models in the laboratory that are representative of the in vivo tumor microenvironment and patient samples. 3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables the biofabrication of structures with the virtue of providing accurate control over distribution of cells, biological molecules, and matrix scaffolding. This technology has the potential to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo by closely recapitulating the tumor microenvironment. Here, a brief overview of the tumor microenvironment is provided and key considerations in biofabrication of tumor models are discussed. Bioprinting techniques and choice of bioinks for both natural and synthetic polymers are also outlined. Lastly, current bioprinted tumor models are reviewed and the perspectives of how clinical applications can greatly benefit from 3D bioprinting technologies are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- MoonSun Jung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sarah Ghamrawi
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Eric Y Du
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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152
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Profiling and Bioinformatics Analyses of Differential Circular RNA Expression in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Under Hypoxia. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:2451-2463. [PMID: 36484975 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia microenvironment is highly associated with GBM's malignant phenotypes. CircRNAs were reported involved in GBM's biological characteristics and regulated by HIF-1α. However, the differential expression profile and role of circRNAs in GBM cells under hypoxia are still unclear. The expression profiles of circRNAs in LN229 and T98G under hypoxia were explored via circRNA sequencing analysis. Those circRNAs significantly dysregulated both in LN229 and T98G and could be found in circBase were selected and validated by qRT-PCR, RNase R digestion reaction, and Sanger sequencing. Normal cell line and fresh GBM tissues were also used for qRT-PCR validation. The roles of differentially expressed circRNAs were evaluated by bioinformatics analyses. There were 672 dysregulated circRNAs in LN229 and 698 dysregulated circRNAs in T98G. GO analysis indicated that the alteration of circRNA expression related to GBM cell's biogenesis and metabolism. KEGG analysis demonstrated that TGF-β signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and metabolism-related signaling pathway were closely associated with differentially expressed circRNAs under hypoxia. These results were confirmed by GSEA analysis. The 6 selected and dysregulated circRNAs both in LN229 and T98G including hsa_circ_0000745, hsa_circ_0020093, hsa_circ_0020094, hsa_circ_0000943, hsa_circ_0004874, and hsa_circ_0002359 were validated by qRT-PCR. Inhibition of hsa_circ_0000745 inhibited GBM cell's proliferation, migration, and invasion. HIF-1α centered circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks analysis showed that the 6 validated circRNAs could cross-talk with 11 related miRNAs. The circRNA expressions are dysregulated in GBM cell under hypoxia. The 6 validated circRNAs could participate in GBM's development and progression when hypoxia occurs. They might be the candidates for prognostic markers and adjuvant therapeutics of GBM in the future.
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153
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Gray OA, Yoo J, Sobreira DR, Jousma J, Witonsky D, Sakabe NJ, Peng YJ, Prabhakar NR, Fang Y, Nobréga MA, Di Rienzo A. A pleiotropic hypoxia-sensitive EPAS1 enhancer is disrupted by adaptive alleles in Tibetans. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eade1942. [PMID: 36417539 PMCID: PMC9683707 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Tibetans, noncoding alleles in EPAS1-whose protein product hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) drives the response to hypoxia-carry strong signatures of positive selection; however, their functional mechanism has not been systematically examined. Here, we report that high-altitude alleles disrupt the activity of four EPAS1 enhancers in one or more cell types. We further characterize one enhancer (ENH5) whose activity is both allele specific and hypoxia dependent. Deletion of ENH5 results in down-regulation of EPAS1 and HIF-2α targets in acute hypoxia and in a blunting of the transcriptional response to sustained hypoxia. Deletion of ENH5 in mice results in dysregulation of gene expression across multiple tissues. We propose that pleiotropic adaptive effects of the Tibetan alleles in EPAS1 underlie the strong selective signal at this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia A. Gray
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Yoo
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Débora R. Sobreira
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jordan Jousma
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David Witonsky
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Noboru J. Sakabe
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying-Jie Peng
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nanduri R. Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Marcelo A. Nobréga
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Anna Di Rienzo
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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154
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Drzał A, Delalande A, Dziurman G, Fournié M, Pichon C, Elas M. Increasing oxygen tension in tumor tissue using ultrasound sensitive O 2 microbubbles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:567-578. [PMID: 36356713 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low tissue oxygenation significantly impairs the effectiveness of cancer therapy and promotes a more aggressive phenotype. Many strategies to improve tissue oxygenation have been proposed throughout the years, but only a few showed significant effects in clinical settings. We investigated stability and ultrasound pulse (UP) triggered oxygen release from phospholipid coated oxygen microbubbles (OMB) in vitro and in murine tumors in vivo using EPR oximetry. In solution, the investigated microbubbles are stable and responsive to ultrasound pulse. The addition of the OMB solution alone resulted in an increase in pO2 of approximately 70 mmHg which was further increased for an additional 80 mmHg after the application of UP. The in vivo kinetic study revealed a substantial, up to 120 mmHg, increase in tumor pO2 after UP application and then pO2 was decreasing for 20 min for intravenous injection and 15 min for intratumoral injection. A significant increase was also observed in groups that received microbubbles filled with nitrogen and ultrasound pulse and OMB without UP, but the effect was much lower. Oxygen microbubbles lead to a decrease in HIF-1a and VEGF-A both at the level of mRNA and protein. Toxicity analysis showed that intravenous injection of OMB does not cause oxidative damage to the heart, liver, or kidneys. However, elevated levels of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins were observed short-term in tumor tissue. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the feasibility of oxygen microbubbles in delivering oxygen effectively and safely to the tumor in living animals. Such treatment might enhance the effectiveness of other anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Drzał
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anthony Delalande
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Gabriela Dziurman
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mylene Fournié
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 75231, Paris, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Martyna Elas
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland.
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155
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Feldman KM, O'Keefe YA, Gignac PM, O'Brien HD. Highest resolution microCT scan of the human brainstem reveals putative anatomical basis for infrequency of medial medullary syndrome. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103272. [PMID: 36451373 PMCID: PMC9723294 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic strokes affecting the medial medulla are exceedingly rare. The anatomical basis for the relative infrequency of this stroke syndrome has been largely uninvestigated due to historically coarse MRI and CT scan resolution. We capture and digitally dissect the highest-ever-resolution diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced CT (diceCT) scanned images of a cadaveric brainstem to map arterial territories implicated in medial medullary infarctions. 3D reconstructions show that within the anterior spinal artery territory previously implicated in medial medullary syndrome (MMS), there are numerous, small sulcal artery branches perforating the medulla within the anterior median fissure. These branches proceed in parallel through the anteroposterior depth of the medulla as expected; however, we also identify a network of intraparenchymal, rostrocaudal anastomoses between these sulcal perforating branches. This network of intraparenchymal sulcal artery anastomoses has never been described and may provide a significant collateral supply of oxygenated blood flow throughout the medial medulla. By ramifying deeper tissues, these anastomoses can help explain the infrequency of MMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylea M. Feldman
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 1111 W 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA,Corresponding authors at: 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245044, Tucson, AZ 85724-5044, USA (H. O’Brien).
| | - Yasmin A. O'Keefe
- Ascension St. John Medical Center, Department of Neurology/Neurocritical Care, 2100 S Wheeling Ave, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Paul M. Gignac
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 1111 W 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA,University of Arizona, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245044, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Haley D. O'Brien
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 1111 W 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA,University of Arizona, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245044, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA,Corresponding authors at: 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245044, Tucson, AZ 85724-5044, USA (H. O’Brien).
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156
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Pewklang T, Chansaenpak K, Bakar SN, Lai RY, Kue CS, Kamkaew A. Aza-BODIPY based carbonic anhydrase IX: Strategy to overcome hypoxia limitation in photodynamic therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:1015883. [PMID: 36405312 PMCID: PMC9666899 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1015883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia caused by photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a major hurdle to cancer treatment since it can promote recurrence and progression by activating angiogenic factors, lowering therapeutic efficacy dramatically. In this work, AZB-I-CAIX2 was developed as a carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)-targeting NIR photosensitizer that can overcome the challenge by utilizing a combination of CAIX knockdown and PDT. AZB-I-CAIX2 showed a specific affinity to CAIX-expressed cancer cells and enhanced photocytotoxicity compared to AZB-I-control (the molecule without acetazolamide). Moreover, selective detection and effective cell cytotoxicity of AZB-I-CAIX2 by PDT in hypoxic CAIX-expressed murine cancer cells were achieved. Essentially, AZB-I-CAIX2 could minimize tumor size in the tumor-bearing mice compared to that in the control groups. The results suggested that AZB-I-CAIX2 can improve therapeutic efficiency by preventing PDT-induced hypoxia through CAIX inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitima Pewklang
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Kantapat Chansaenpak
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Siti Nursyahirah Bakar
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rung-Yi Lai
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Chin Siang Kue
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Anyanee Kamkaew, ; Chin Siang Kue,
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand,*Correspondence: Anyanee Kamkaew, ; Chin Siang Kue,
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157
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HIF1α-AS1 is a DNA:DNA:RNA triplex-forming lncRNA interacting with the HUSH complex. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6563. [PMID: 36323673 PMCID: PMC9630315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA:DNA:RNA triplexes that are formed through Hoogsteen base-pairing of the RNA in the major groove of the DNA duplex have been observed in vitro, but the extent to which these interactions occur in cells and how they impact cellular functions remains elusive. Using a combination of bioinformatic techniques, RNA/DNA pulldown and biophysical studies, we set out to identify functionally important DNA:DNA:RNA triplex-forming long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in human endothelial cells. The lncRNA HIF1α-AS1 was retrieved as a top hit. Endogenous HIF1α-AS1 reduces the expression of numerous genes, including EPH Receptor A2 and Adrenomedullin through DNA:DNA:RNA triplex formation by acting as an adapter for the repressive human silencing hub complex (HUSH). Moreover, the oxygen-sensitive HIF1α-AS1 is down-regulated in pulmonary hypertension and loss-of-function approaches not only result in gene de-repression but also enhance angiogenic capacity. As exemplified here with HIF1α-AS1, DNA:DNA:RNA triplex formation is a functionally important mechanism of trans-acting gene expression control.
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158
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Heloterä H, Kaarniranta K. A Linkage between Angiogenesis and Inflammation in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213453. [PMID: 36359849 PMCID: PMC9654543 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the aging population with a limited understanding of its pathogenesis and the number of patients are all the time increasing. AMD is classified into two main forms: dry and neovascular AMD (nAMD). Dry AMD is the most prevalent form (80–90%) of AMD cases. Neovascular AMD (10–20% of AMD cases) is treated with monthly or more sparsely given intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, but unfortunately, not all patients respond to the current treatments. A clinical hallmark of nAMD is choroidal neovascularization. The progression of AMD is initially characterized by atrophic alterations in the retinal pigment epithelium, as well as the formation of lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusen deposits. Cellular damage caused by chronic oxidative stress, protein aggregation and inflammatory processes may lead to advanced geographic atrophy and/or choroidal neovascularization and fibrosis. Currently, it is not fully known why different AMD phenotypes develop. In this review, we connect angiogenesis and inflammatory regulators in the development of nAMD and discuss therapy challenges and hopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Heloterä
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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159
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Holborn MA, Ford G, Turner S, Mellet J, van Rensburg J, Joubert F, Pepper MS. The NESHIE and CP Genetics Resource (NCGR): A database of genes and variants reported in neonatal encephalopathy with suspected hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NESHIE) and consequential cerebral palsy (CP). Genomics 2022; 114:110508. [PMID: 36270382 PMCID: PMC9726645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) with suspected hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) (NESHIE) is a complex syndrome occurring in newborns, characterised by altered neurological function. It has been suggested that genetic variants may influence NESHIE susceptibility and outcomes. Unlike NESHIE, for which a limited number of genetic studies have been performed, many studies have identified genetic variants associated with cerebral palsy (CP), which can develop from severe NESHIE. Identifying variants in patients with CP, as a consequence of NESHIE, may provide a starting point for the identification of genetic variants associated with NESHIE outcomes. We have constructed NCGR (NESHIE and CP Genetics Resource), a database of genes and variants reported in patients with NESHIE and CP (where relevant to NESHIE), for the purpose of collating and comparing genetic findings between the two conditions. In this paper we describe the construction and functionality of NCGR. Furthermore, we demonstrate how NCGR can be used to prioritise genes and variants of potential clinical relevance that may underlie a genetic predisposition to NESHIE and contribute to an understanding of its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A. Holborn
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Graeme Ford
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genomics Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sarah Turner
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genomics Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Juanita Mellet
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jeanne van Rensburg
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Fourie Joubert
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genomics Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology; SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,Corresponding author.
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160
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Sodium Thiosulphate-Loaded Liposomes Control Hydrogen Sulphide Release and Retain Its Biological Properties in Hypoxia-like Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112092. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or insufficient oxygen availability is a common feature in the development of a myriad of cardiovascular-related conditions including ischemic disease. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) donors, such as sodium thiosulphate (STS), are known for their cardioprotective properties. However, H2S due to its gaseous nature, is released and cleared rapidly, limiting its potential translation to clinical settings. For the first time, we developed and characterised liposome formulations encapsulating STS and explored their potential for modulating STS uptake, H2S release and the ability to retain pro-angiogenic and biological signals in a hypoxia-like environment mirroring oxygen insufficiency in vitro. Liposomes were prepared by varying lipid ratios and characterised for size, polydispersity and charge. STS liposomal encapsulation was confirmed by HPLC-UV detection and STS uptake and H2S release was assessed in vitro. To mimic hypoxia, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was administered in conjunction with formulated and non-formulated STS, to explore pro-angiogenic and metabolic signals. Optimised liposomal formulation observed a liposome diameter of 146.42 ± 7.34 nm, a polydispersity of 0.22 ± 0.19, and charge of 3.02 ± 1.44 mV, resulting in 25% STS encapsulation. Maximum STS uptake (76.96 ± 3.08%) from liposome encapsulated STS was determined at 24 h. Co-exposure with CoCl2 and liposome encapsulated STS resulted in increased vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA as well as protein expression, enhanced wound closure and increased capillary-like formation. Finally, liposomal STS reversed metabolic switch induced by hypoxia by enhancing mitochondrial bioenergetics. These novel findings provide evidence of a feasible controlled-delivery system for STS, thus H2S, using liposome-based nanoparticles. Likewise, data suggests that in scenarios of hypoxia, liposomal STS is a good therapeutic candidate to sustain pro-angiogenic signals and retain metabolic functions that might be impaired by limited oxygen and nutrient availability.
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161
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Tiwari R, Bommi PV, Gao P, Schipma MJ, Zhou Y, Quaggin SE, Chandel NS, Kapitsinou PP. Chemical inhibition of oxygen-sensing prolyl hydroxylases impairs angiogenic competence of human vascular endothelium through metabolic reprogramming. iScience 2022; 25:105086. [PMID: 36157579 PMCID: PMC9494243 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) metabolism has emerged as a driver of angiogenesis. While hypoxia inactivates the oxygen sensors prolyl-4 hydroxylase domain-containing proteins 1-3 (PHD1-3) and stimulates angiogenesis, the effects of PHDs on EC functions remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the impact of chemical PHD inhibition by dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on angiogenic competence and metabolism of human vascular ECs. DMOG reduced EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation capacities, responses that were associated with an unfavorable metabolic reprogramming. While glycolytic genes were induced, multiple genes encoding sub-units of mitochondrial complex I were suppressed with concurrent decline in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. Importantly, the DMOG-induced defects in EC migration could be partially rescued by augmenting NAD+ levels through nicotinamide riboside or citrate supplementation. In summary, by integrating functional assays, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, we provide insights into the effects of PHD inhibition on angiogenic competence and metabolism of human vascular ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnakar Tiwari
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, SQBRC 8-408, Chicago, 60611 IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Prashant V. Bommi
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, SQBRC 8-408, Chicago, 60611 IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew J. Schipma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yalu Zhou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, SQBRC 8-408, Chicago, 60611 IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susan E. Quaggin
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, SQBRC 8-408, Chicago, 60611 IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pinelopi P. Kapitsinou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, SQBRC 8-408, Chicago, 60611 IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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162
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The Role of the Hypoxia-Related Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4870. [PMID: 36230792 PMCID: PMC9562011 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite our understanding of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, the crosstalk between the UPR and the complex signaling networks that different cancers utilize for cell survival remains to be, in most cases, a difficult research barrier. A major problem is the constant variability of different cancer types and the different stages of cancer as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironments (TME). This complexity often leads to apparently contradictory results. Furthermore, the majority of the studies that have been conducted have utilized two-dimensional in vitro cultures of cancer cells that were exposed to continuous hypoxia, and this approach may not mimic the dynamic and cyclic conditions that are found in solid tumors. Here, we discuss the role of intermittent hypoxia, one of inducers of the UPR in the cellular component of TME, and the way in which intermittent hypoxia induces high levels of reactive oxygen species, the activation of the UPR, and the way in which cancer cells modulate the UPR to aid in their survival. Although the past decade has resulted in defining the complex, novel non-coding RNA-based regulatory networks that modulate the means by which hypoxia influences the UPR, we are now just to beginning to understand some of the connections between hypoxia, the UPR, and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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163
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Jacquet P, Stéphanou A. Searching for the Metabolic Signature of Cancer: A Review from Warburg's Time to Now. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101412. [PMID: 36291621 PMCID: PMC9599674 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the evolving understanding that we have of tumor cell metabolism, particularly glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, and traces back its evolution through time. This understanding has developed since the pioneering work of Otto Warburg, but the understanding of tumor cell metabolism continues to be hampered by misinterpretation of his work. This has contributed to the use of the new concepts of metabolic switch and metabolic reprogramming, that are out of step with reality. The Warburg effect is often considered to be a hallmark of cancer, but is it really? More generally, is there a metabolic signature of cancer? We draw the conclusion that the signature of cancer cannot be reduced to a single factor, but is expressed at the tissue level in terms of the capacity of cells to dynamically explore a vast metabolic landscape in the context of significant environmental heterogeneities.
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Blasiak J, Kaarniranta K. Secretory autophagy: a turn key for understanding AMD pathology and developing new therapeutic targets? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:883-895. [PMID: 36529978 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2157260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease leading to vision loss with poorly known pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. Degradative autophagy (DA) is impaired in AMD, but emerging evidence points to secretary autophagy (SA) as a key element in AMD pathogenesis. AREAS COVERED SA may cause the release of proteins and protein aggregates, lipofuscin, beta amyloid, faulty mitochondria, pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) that may contribute to drusen formation and choroidal neovascularization. SA may replace DA, when formation of autolysosome is impaired, and then a harmful cargo, instead of being degraded, is extruded from the RPE contributing to drusen and/or angiogenic environment. Therefore, the interplay between DA and SA may be critical for drusen formation and choroidal neovascularization, so it can be a turn key to understand AMD pathogenesis. EXPERT OPINION Although SA fulfills some beneficial functions, it is detrimental for the retina in many cases. Therefore, inhibiting SA may be a therapeutic strategy in AMD, but it is challenged by the development of selective SA inhibitors that would not affect DA. The TRIM16, SEC22B and RAB8A proteins, specific for secretory autophagosome, may be primary candidates as therapeutic targets, but their action is not limited to autophagy and therefore requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Gertsenshteyn I, Epel B, Ahluwalia A, Kim H, Fan X, Barth E, Zamora M, Markiewicz E, Tsai HM, Sundramoorthy S, Leoni L, Lukens J, Bhuiyan M, Freifelder R, Kucharski A, Giurcanu M, Roman BB, Karczmar G, Kao CM, Halpern H, Chen CT. The optimal 18F-fluoromisonidazole PET threshold to define tumor hypoxia in preclinical squamous cell carcinomas using pO 2 electron paramagnetic resonance imaging as reference truth. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4014-4024. [PMID: 35792927 PMCID: PMC9529789 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the optimal threshold in 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) PET images to accurately locate tumor hypoxia by using electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (pO2 EPRI) as ground truth for hypoxia, defined by pO2 [Formula: see text] 10 mmHg. METHODS Tumor hypoxia images in mouse models of SCCVII squamous cell carcinoma (n = 16) were acquired in a hybrid PET/EPRI imaging system 2 h post-injection of FMISO. T2-weighted MRI was used to delineate tumor and muscle tissue. Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI parametric images of Ktrans and ve were generated to model tumor vascular properties. Images from PET/EPR/MRI were co-registered and resampled to isotropic 0.5 mm voxel resolution for analysis. PET images were converted to standardized uptake value (SUV) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (TMR) units. FMISO uptake thresholds were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to find the optimal FMISO threshold and unit with maximum overall hypoxia similarity (OHS) with pO2 EPRI, where OHS = 1 shows perfect overlap and OHS = 0 shows no overlap. The means of dice similarity coefficient, normalized Hausdorff distance, and accuracy were used to define the OHS. Monotonic relationships between EPRI/PET/DCE-MRI were evaluated with the Spearman correlation coefficient ([Formula: see text]) to quantify association of vasculature on hypoxia imaged with both FMISO PET and pO2 EPRI. RESULTS FMISO PET thresholds to define hypoxia with maximum OHS (both OHS = 0.728 [Formula: see text] 0.2) were SUV [Formula: see text] 1.4 [Formula: see text] SUVmean and SUV [Formula: see text] 0.6 [Formula: see text] SUVmax. Weak-to-moderate correlations (|[Formula: see text]|< 0.70) were observed between PET/EPRI hypoxia images with vascular permeability (Ktrans) or fractional extracellular-extravascular space (ve) from DCE-MRI. CONCLUSION This is the first in vivo comparison of FMISO uptake with pO2 EPRI to identify the optimal FMISO threshold to define tumor hypoxia, which may successfully direct hypoxic tumor boosts in patients, thereby enhancing tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Gertsenshteyn
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Boris Epel
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Heejong Kim
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaobing Fan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eugene Barth
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marta Zamora
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erica Markiewicz
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ming Tsai
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Subramanian Sundramoorthy
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lara Leoni
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Lukens
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohammed Bhuiyan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Anna Kucharski
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mihai Giurcanu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian B Roman
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Karczmar
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chien-Min Kao
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Howard Halpern
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, OSRF, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Li M, Zhang X, Wang M, Wang Y, Qian J, Xing X, Wang Z, You Y, Guo K, Chen J, Gao D, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Chen R, Cui J, Ren Z. Activation of Piezo1 contributes to matrix stiffness-induced angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 42:1162-1184. [PMID: 36181398 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite integrin being highlighted as a stiffness-sensor molecule in matrix stiffness-driven angiogenesis, other stiffness-sensor molecules and their mechanosensory pathways related to angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain obscure. Here, we explored the interplay between Piezo1 and integrin β1 in the mechanosensory pathway and their effects on HCC angiogenesis to better understand matrix stiffness-induced angiogenesis. METHODS The role of Piezo1 in matrix stiffness-induced angiogenesis was investigated using orthotopic liver cancer SD rat models with high liver stiffness background, and its clinical significance was evaluated in human HCC tissues. Matrix stiffness-mediated Piezo1 upregulation and activation were assayed using an in vitro fibronectin (FN)-coated cell culture system with different stiffness, Western blotting and Ca2+ probe. The effects of shPiezo1-conditioned medium (CM) on angiogenesis were examined by tube formation assay, wound healing assay and angiogenesis array. The underlying mechanism by which Piezo1 participated in matrix stiffness-induced angiogenesis was analyzed by microRNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), matrix stiffness measurement, dual-luciferase reporter assay, ubiquitination assay and co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Increased matrix stiffness significantly upregulated Piezo1 expression at both cellular and tissue levels, and high expression of Piezo1 indicated an unfavorable prognosis. High matrix stiffness also noticeably enhanced the activation level of Piezo1, similar to its expression level. Piezo1 knockdown significantly suppressed tumor growth, angiogenesis, and lung metastasis of HCC rat models with high liver stiffness background. shPiezo1-CM from HCC cells attenuated tube formation and migration abilities of vascular endothelial cells remarkably, and analysis of differentially expressed pro-angiogenic factors revealed that Piezo1 promoted the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Matrix stiffness-caused Piezo1 upregulation/activation restrained hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) ubiquitination, subsequently enhanced the expression of downstream pro-angiogenic factors to accelerate HCC angiogenesis. Besides, collagen 1 (COL1)-reinforced tissue stiffening resulted in more expression of Piezo1 via miR-625-5p. CONCLUSIONS This study unravels a new mechanism by which the integrin β1/Piezo1 activation/Ca2+ influx/HIF-1α ubiquitination/VEGF, CXCL16 and IGFBP2 pathway participates in matrix stiffness-driven HCC angiogenesis. Simultaneously, a positive feedback regulation loop as stiff matrix/integrin β1/miR-625-5p/Piezo1 and COL1/stiffer matrix mediates matrix stiffness-caused Piezo1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Mimi Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Xing
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yang You
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Kun Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Cui
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhenggang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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Yazdi MK, Sajadi SM, Seidi F, Rabiee N, Fatahi Y, Rabiee M, Dominic C.D. M, Zarrintaj P, Formela K, Saeb MR, Bencherif SA. Clickable Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review. Prog Polym Sci 2022; 133:101590. [PMID: 37779922 PMCID: PMC10540641 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in materials science and engineering highlight the importance of designing sophisticated biomaterials with well-defined architectures and tunable properties for emerging biomedical applications. Click chemistry, a powerful method allowing specific and controllable bioorthogonal reactions, has revolutionized our ability to make complex molecular structures with a high level of specificity, selectivity, and yield under mild conditions. These features combined with minimal byproduct formation have enabled the design of a wide range of macromolecular architectures from quick and versatile click reactions. Furthermore, copper-free click chemistry has resulted in a change of paradigm, allowing researchers to perform highly selective chemical reactions in biological environments to further understand the structure and function of cells. In living systems, introducing clickable groups into biomolecules such as polysaccharides (PSA) has been explored as a general approach to conduct medicinal chemistry and potentially help solve healthcare needs. De novo biosynthetic pathways for chemical synthesis have also been exploited and optimized to perform PSA-based bioconjugation inside living cells without interfering with their native processes or functions. This strategy obviates the need for laborious and costly chemical reactions which normally require extensive and time-consuming purification steps. Using these approaches, various PSA-based macromolecules have been manufactured as building blocks for the design of novel biomaterials. Clickable PSA provides a powerful and versatile toolbox for biomaterials scientists and will increasingly play a crucial role in the biomedical field. Specifically, bioclick reactions with PSA have been leveraged for the design of advanced drug delivery systems and minimally invasive injectable hydrogels. In this review article, we have outlined the key aspects and breadth of PSA-derived bioclick reactions as a powerful and versatile toolbox to design advanced polymeric biomaterials for biomedical applications such as molecular imaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Additionally, we have also discussed the past achievements, present developments, and recent trends of clickable PSA-based biomaterials such as 3D printing, as well as their challenges, clinical translatability, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China
| | - S. Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 625, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, 624, KRG, Iraq
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Midhun Dominic C.D.
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala Pin-682013, India
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Krzysztof Formela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Sorbonne University, UTC CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BMBI), University of Technology of Compiègne, Compiègne, France
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168
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Lee YM. RUNX Family in Hypoxic Microenvironment and Angiogenesis in Cancers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193098. [PMID: 36231060 PMCID: PMC9564080 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is broadly implicated in tumorigenesis, as tumor cells interact with surrounding cells to influence the development and progression of the tumor. Blood vessels are a major component of the TME and are attributed to the creation of a hypoxic microenvironment, which is a common feature of advanced cancers and inflamed premalignant tissues. Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) proteins, a transcription factor family of developmental master regulators, are involved in vital cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, cell lineage specification, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the RUNX family is involved in the regulation of various oncogenic processes and signaling pathways as well as tumor suppressive functions, suggesting that the RUNX family plays a strategic role in tumorigenesis. In this review, we have discussed the relevant findings that describe the crosstalk of the RUNX family with the hypoxic TME and tumor angiogenesis or with their signaling molecules in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Mie Lee
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, VOICE (MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Lab of Molecular Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-8566; Fax:+82-53-950-8557
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Zhuang J, Zhang X, Liu Q, Zhu M, Huang X. Targeted delivery of nanomedicines for promoting vascular regeneration in ischemic diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6223-6241. [PMID: 36168632 PMCID: PMC9475455 DOI: 10.7150/thno.73421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, the leading cause of disability and death, are caused by the restriction or blockage of blood flow in specific tissues, including ischemic cardiac, ischemic cerebrovascular and ischemic peripheral vascular diseases. The regeneration of functional vasculature network in ischemic tissues is essential for treatment of ischemic diseases. Direct delivery of pro-angiogenesis factors, such as VEGF, has demonstrated the effectiveness in ischemic disease therapy but suffering from several obstacles, such as low delivery efficacy in disease sites and uncontrolled modulation. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of inducing vascular regeneration, providing the guidance for designing the desired nanomedicines. We also introduce the delivery of various nanomedicines to ischemic tissues by passive or active targeting manner. To achieve the efficient delivery of nanomedicines in various ischemic diseases, we highlight targeted delivery of nanomedicines and controllable modulation of disease microenvironment using nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhuang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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170
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Weaver SRC, Rendeiro C, Lucas RAI, Cable NT, Nightingale TE, McGettrick HM, Lucas SJE. Non-pharmacological interventions for vascular health and the role of the endothelium. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:2493-2514. [PMID: 36149520 PMCID: PMC9613570 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The most common non-pharmacological intervention for both peripheral and cerebral vascular health is regular physical activity (e.g., exercise training), which improves function across a range of exercise intensities and modalities. Numerous non-exercising approaches have also been suggested to improved vascular function, including repeated ischemic preconditioning (IPC); heat therapy such as hot water bathing and sauna; and pneumatic compression. Chronic adaptive responses have been observed across a number of these approaches, yet the precise mechanisms that underlie these effects in humans are not fully understood. Acute increases in blood flow and circulating signalling factors that induce responses in endothelial function are likely to be key moderators driving these adaptations. While the impact on circulating factors and environmental mechanisms for adaptation may vary between approaches, in essence, they all centre around acutely elevating blood flow throughout the circulation and stimulating improved endothelium-dependent vascular function and ultimately vascular health. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms driving endothelial adaptation to repeated exposure to elevated blood flow, and the interplay between this response and changes in circulating factors. In addition, we will consider the limitations in our current knowledge base and how these may be best addressed through the selection of more physiologically relevant experimental models and research. Ultimately, improving our understanding of the unique impact that non-pharmacological interventions have on the vasculature will allow us to develop superior strategies to tackle declining vascular function across the lifespan, prevent avoidable vascular-related disease, and alleviate dependency on drug-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R C Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Timothy Cable
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom E Nightingale
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Prognostic Modeling of Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Hypoxia and Ferroptosis-Related Genes. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1022580. [PMID: 36245988 PMCID: PMC9553523 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1022580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. It is well known that hypoxia and ferroptosis are intimately connected with tumor development. The purpose of this investigation was to identify whether they have a prognostic signature. To this end, genes related to hypoxia and ferroptosis scores were investigated using bioinformatics analysis to stratify the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods. Hypoxia and ferroptosis scores were estimated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database-derived cohort transcriptome profiles via the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. The candidate genes associated with hypoxia and ferroptosis scores were identified using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis. The prognostic genes in this study were discovered using the Cox regression (CR) model in conjunction with the LASSO method, which was then utilized to create a prognostic signature. The efficacy, accuracy, and clinical value of the prognostic model were evaluated using an independent validation cohort, Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve, and nomogram. The analysis of function and immune cell infiltration was also carried out. Results. Here, we appraised 152 candidate genes expressed not the same, which were related to hypoxia and ferroptosis for prognostic modeling in The Cancer Genome Atlas Lung Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-LUAD) cohort, and these genes were further validated in the GSE31210 cohort. We found that the 14-gene-based prognostic model, utilizing MAPK4, TNS4, WFDC2, FSTL3, ITGA2, KLK11, PHLDB2, VGLL3, SNX30, KCNQ3, SMAD9, ANGPTL4, LAMA3, and STK32A, performed well in predicting the prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. ROC and nomogram analyses showed that risk scores based on prognostic signatures provided desirable predictive accuracy and clinical utility. Moreover, gene set variance analysis showed differential enrichment of 33 hallmark gene sets between different risk groups. Additionally, our results indicated that a higher risk score will lead to more fibroblasts and activated CD4 T cells but fewer myeloid dendritic cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, immature dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Conclusion. Our research found a 14-gene signature and established a nomogram that accurately predicted the prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Clinical decision-making and therapeutic customization may benefit from these results, which may serve as a valuable reference in the future.
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Maccio U, Mihic A, Lenggenhager D, Kolm I, Mittmann C, Heikenwälder M, Lorentzen A, Mihic-Probst D. Hypoxia and Ezrin Expression in Primary Melanoma Have High Prognostic Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810745. [PMID: 36142656 PMCID: PMC9502792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia affects tumor aggressiveness and activates pathways associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) which are crucial for tumor progress. In this study, the correlation of hypoxia and EMT with sentinel lymph node status and tumor-specific survival was investigated in primary melanomas. CD34 for capillary count and Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) as hypoxia indicators as well as Ezrin and L1-Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM), both critical proteins contributing to EMT, were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in 49 melanoma patients with long follow-up (F/U, mean 110 months; range 12−263 months). We found a significant correlation between Breslow tumor thickness and Ezrin expression (p = 0.018). L1CAM expression in primary melanoma was significantly associated with HIF-1α expression (p < 0.0001) and sentinel lymph node metastasis (p = 0.011). Furthermore, low capillary count, reflecting hypoxic condition, was significantly associated with Ezrin expression (p = 0.047) and decreased tumor-specific survival (p = 0.035). In addition, patients with high Ezrin expression in their primary melanoma had a dramatic loss of life early in their F/U period (mean survival time 29 months; range 15−44 month). Our results highlight the relevance of Ezrin, L1CAM and HIF-1α as prognostic markers in melanoma patients. Additionally, we demonstrate that hypoxia in primary melanoma affects EMT and is at least partly responsible for early metastatic dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Maccio
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alanna Mihic
- Bavarian State Office for Health and Food Safety, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Lenggenhager
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Kolm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Mittmann
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- German Cancer Research Center, Division Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lorentzen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniela Mihic-Probst
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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173
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Evaluation of the Effect of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 2 (FGF-2) Administration on Placental Gene Expression in a Murine Model of Preeclampsia Induced by L-NAME. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710129. [PMID: 36077527 PMCID: PMC9456139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal implantation of the trophoblast during the first trimester of pregnancy precedes the appearance of the clinical manifestations of preeclampsia (PE), which is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. In a previous study, which was carried out in a murine model of PE that was induced by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), we observed that the intravenous administration of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) had a hypotensive effect, improved the placental weight gain and attenuated the fetal growth restriction, and the morphological findings that were induced by L-NAME in the evaluated tissues were less severe. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of FGF2 administration on the placental gene expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), placental growth factor, endoglin (ENG), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), thioredoxin (TXN), tumor protein P53 (P53), BCL2 apoptosis regulator, Fas cell surface death receptor (FAS), and caspase 3, in a Sprague Dawley rat PE model, which was induced by L-NAME. The gene expression was determined by a real-time polymerase chain reaction using SYBR green. Taking the vehicle or the L-NAME group as a reference, there was an under expression of placental VEGFA, VEGFR2, ENG, P53, FAS, SOD1, CAT, and TXN genes in the group of L-NAME + FGF2 (p < 0.05). The administration of FGF2 in the murine PE-like model that was induced by L-NAME reduced the effects that were generated by proteinuria and the increased BP, as well as the response of the expression of genes that participate in angiogenesis, apoptosis, and OS. These results have generated valuable information regarding the identification of molecular targets for PE and provide new insights for understanding PE pathogenesis.
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174
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Schizophrenia-derived hiPSC brain microvascular endothelial-like cells show impairments in angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier function. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3708-3718. [PMID: 35705634 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, affecting 1% of the world population. Long-standing clinical observations and molecular data have pointed to a possible vascular deficiency that could be acting synergistically with neuronal dysfunction in SZ. As SZ is a neurodevelopmental disease, the use of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) allows disease biology modeling while retaining the patient's unique genetic signature. Previously, we reported a VEGFA signaling impairment in SZ-hiPSC-derived neural lineages leading to decreased angiogenesis. Here, we present a functional characterization of SZ-derived brain microvascular endothelial-like cells (BEC), the counterpart of the neurovascular crosstalk, revealing an intrinsically defective blood-brain barrier (BBB) phenotype. Transcriptomic assessment of genes related to endothelial function among three control (Ctrl BEC) and five schizophrenia patients derived BEC (SZP BEC), revealed that SZP BEC have a distinctive expression pattern of angiogenic and BBB-associated genes. Functionally, SZP BEC showed a decreased angiogenic response in vitro and higher transpermeability than Ctrl BEC. Immunofluorescence staining revealed less expression and altered distribution of tight junction proteins in SZP BEC. Moreover, SZP BEC's conditioned media reduced barrier capacities in the brain microvascular endothelial cell line HCMEC/D3 and in an in vivo permeability assay in mice. Overall, our results describe an intrinsic failure of SZP BEC for proper barrier function. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis tracing schizophrenia origins to brain development and BBB dysfunction.
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175
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Nutritional Sensor REDD1 in Cancer and Inflammation: Friend or Foe? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179686. [PMID: 36077083 PMCID: PMC9456073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated in Development and DNA Damage Response 1 (REDD1)/DNA Damage-Induced Transcript 4 (DDIT4) is an immediate early response gene activated by different stress conditions, including growth factor depletion, hypoxia, DNA damage, and stress hormones, i.e., glucocorticoids. The most known functions of REDD1 are the inhibition of proliferative signaling and the regulation of metabolism via the repression of the central regulator of these processes, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The involvement of REDD1 in cell growth, apoptosis, metabolism, and oxidative stress implies its role in various pathological conditions, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recently, REDD1 was identified as one of the central genes mechanistically involved in undesirable atrophic effects induced by chronic topical and systemic glucocorticoids widely used for the treatment of blood cancer and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of REDD1 in the regulation of cell signaling and processes in normal and cancer cells, its involvement in the pathogenesis of different diseases, and the approach to safer glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-targeted therapies via a combination of glucocorticoids and REDD1 inhibitors to decrease the adverse atrophogenic effects of these steroids.
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176
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More MH, Varankar SS, Naik RR, Dhake RD, Ray P, Bankar RM, Mali AM, Subbalakshmi AR, Chakraborty P, Jolly MK, Bapat SA. A Multistep Tumor Growth Model of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Identifies Hypoxia-Associated Signatures. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 213:79-95. [PMID: 35970135 DOI: 10.1159/000526432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is associated with late-stage disease presentation and poor prognosis, with a limited understanding of early transformation events. Our study analyzes HGSC tumor progression and organ-specific metastatic dissemination to identify hypoxia-associated molecular, cellular, and histological alterations. Clinical characteristics of the HGSC were replicated in orthotopic xenografts, which involve metastatic dissemination and the prevalence of group B tumors (volume: >0.0625 ≤ 0.5 cm3). Enhanced hyaluronic acid (HA) deposition, expanded tumor vasculature, and increased necrosis contributed to the remodeling of tumor tissue architecture. The proliferative potential of tumor cells and the ability to form glands were also altered during tumor growth. Flow cytometry and label chase-based molecular profiling across the tumor regenerative hierarchy identified the hypoxia-vasculogenic niche and the hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal tumor-cell state as determinants of self-renewal capabilities of progenitors and cancer stem cells. A regulatory network and mathematical model based on tumor histology and molecular signatures predicted hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) as a central node connecting HA synthesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic, vasculogenic, inflammatory, and necrotic pathways in HGSC tumors. Thus, our findings provide a temporal resolution of hypoxia-associated events that sculpt HGSC tumor growth; an in-depth understanding of it may aid in the early detection and treatment of HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri H More
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Sagar S Varankar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Rutika R Naik
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Rahul D Dhake
- Department of Histopathology, Inlaks and Budhrani Hospital, Morbai Naraindas Cancer Institute, Pune, India
| | - Pritha Ray
- Advance Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul M Bankar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Avinash M Mali
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sharmila A Bapat
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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177
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Perego F, Ticozzi RM, Troia A, Prato M, Taramelli D, Basilico N. Dextran-shelled oxygen-loaded nanodroplets modulate macrophages killing and inflammatory response to Enterococcus faecalis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175161. [PMID: 35964657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are associated with inflammation, infections, and hypoxic environment. Macrophages play a crucial role in wound healing removing bacteria and secreting signal molecules to coordinate tissue repair. Recently, dextran-shelled Oxygen-Loaded NanoDroplets (OLNDs) have been proposed as new tools to counteract hypoxia in chronic wounds. Here we investigated the effects of OLNDs on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) killing and the secretion of inflammatory and angiogenic factors by murine (BMDM) and human (dTHP-1, differentiated THP-1) macrophages, in normoxia and hypoxia. Both OLNDs and Oxygen-Free NanoDroplets (OFNDs) significantly increased reactive oxygen species production by BMDM in normoxia (4.1 and 4 fold increase by 10% OLNDs and OFNDs, respectively, after 120 min) and hypoxia (3.8 and 4 fold increase by 10% OLNDs and OFNDs respectively) but not by dTHP-1. Moreover, only OLNDs induced nitric oxide secretion by BMDM in normoxia. Consequently, both nanodroplets improved E. faecalis killing by BMDM in normoxia (% of killing OLNDs = 44.2%; p < 0.01; OFNDs = 41.4%; p < 0.05) and hypoxia (% of killing OLNDs = 43.1%; p < 0.01; OFNDs = 37.7%; p < 0.05), while dTHP-1-mediated killing was not affected. The secretion of the inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β) induced by E. faecalis infection in dTHP-1 was reduced by both types of nanodroplets, suggesting a novel anti-inflammatory activity of the dextran shell. Instead, the increase of VEGF induced by hypoxia was reduced only by OLNDs. These data provide new knowledge on the effects of OLNDs as innovative adjuvant in chronic wounds healing promoting bacterial killing and reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Perego
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Maria Ticozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Adriano Troia
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Mauro Prato
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Donatella Taramelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Basilico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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178
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Construction of a hypoxia-derived gene model to predict the prognosis and therapeutic response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13538. [PMID: 35945448 PMCID: PMC9363468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17898-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks as the sixth most common cancer worldwide and has a poor prognosis in the advanced stage. Increasing evidence has shown that hypoxia contributes to genetic alterations that have essential effects on the occurrence and progression of cancers. However, the exact roles hypoxia-related genes play in HNSCC remain unclear. In this study, we downloaded the mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of patients with HNSCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. Two molecular subtypes were identified based on prognostic hypoxia-related genes using the ConsensusClusterPlus method. ESTIMATE was used to calculate the immune score of each patient. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology were used for functional annotation. A prognostic risk model was generated by Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. We identified two distinct molecular subtypes, cluster 1 and cluster 2, based on 200 hypoxia-related genes. Additionally, we identified three hypoxia-immune subgroups (hypoxia-high/immune-low, hypoxia-low/immune-high, and mixed subgroups). The hypoxia-high/immune-low group had the worst prognosis, while the hypoxia-low/immune-high group had the best prognosis. Patients in the hypoxia-low/immune-high group were more sensitive to anti-PD-L1 treatment and chemotherapy than those in the hypoxia-high/immune-low group. Furthermore, we constructed a prognostic risk model based on the differentially expressed genes between the hypoxia-immune subgroups. The survival analysis and time-dependent ROC analysis results demonstrated the good performance of the established 7-gene signature for predicting HNSCC prognosis. In conclusions, the constructed hypoxia-related model might serve as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HNSCC, and it could predict immunotherapy and chemotherapy efficacy in HNSCC.
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179
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Elebiyo TC, Rotimi D, Evbuomwan IO, Maimako RF, Iyobhebhe M, Ojo OA, Oluba OM, Adeyemi OS. Reassessing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100620. [PMID: 35964475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization is fundamental to the growth and spread of tumor cells to distant sites. As a consequence, angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from existing ones, is a characteristic trait of cancer. In 1971, Judah Folkman postulated that tumour growth is angiogenesis dependent and that by cutting off blood supply, a neoplastic lesion could be potentially starved into remission. Decades of research have been devoted to understanding the role that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays in tumor angiogenesis, and it has been identified as a significant pro-angiogenic factor that is frequently overexpressed within a tumor mass. Today, anti-VEGF drugs such as Sunitinib, Sorafenib, Axitinib, Tanibirumab, and Ramucirumab have been approved for the treatment of advanced and metastatic cancers. However, anti-angiogenic therapy has turned out to be more complex than originally thought. The failure of this therapeutic option calls for a reevaluation of VEGF as the major target in anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. The call for reassessment is based on two rationales: first, tumour blood vessels are abnormal, disorganized, and leaky; this not only prevents optimal drug delivery but it also promotes hypoxia and metastasis; secondly, tumour growth or regrowth might be blood vessel dependent and not angiogenesis dependent as tumour cells can acquire blood vessels via non-angiogenic mechanisms. Therefore, a critical assessment of VEGF, VEGFRs, and their inhibitors could glean newer options such as repurposing anti-VEGF drugs as vascular normalizing agents to enhance drug delivery of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damilare Rotimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, 232101, Nigeria..
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180
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Macrophage Phenotypes in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing and Therapeutic Interventions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152430. [PMID: 35954275 PMCID: PMC9367932 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage differentiation and polarization are essential players in the success of the wound-healing process. Acute simple wounds progress from inflammation to proliferation/regeneration and, finally, to remodeling. In injured skin, macrophages either reside in the epithelium or are recruited from monocytes. Their main role is supported by their plasticity, which allows them to adopt different phenotypic states, such as the M1-inflammatory state, in which they produce TNF and NO, and the M2-reparative state, in which they resolve inflammation and exhibit a reparative function. Reparative macrophages are an essential source of growth factors such as TGF-β and VEGF and are not found in nonhealing wounds. This review discusses the differences between macrophage phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, how macrophages originate, and how they cross-communicate with other cellular components in a wound. This review also highlights the dysregulation of macrophages that occurs in nonhealing versus overhealing wounds and fibrosis. Then, the therapeutic manipulation of macrophages is presented as an attractive strategy for promoting healing through the secretion of growth factors for angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, and collagen production. Finally, Hoxa3 overexpression is discussed as an example of the therapeutic repolarization of macrophages to the normal maturation state and phenotype with better healing outcomes.
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181
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Hebert KA, Bonnen MD, Ghebre YT. Proton pump inhibitors and sensitization of cancer cells to radiation therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:937166. [PMID: 35992826 PMCID: PMC9388769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.937166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article outlines six molecular pathways that confer resistance of cancer cells to ionizing radiation, and describes how proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be used to overcome radioresistance induced by alteration of one or more of these signaling pathways. The inflammatory, adaptive, hypoxia, DNA damage repair, cell adhesion, and developmental pathways have all been linked to the resistance of cancer cells to ionizing radiation. Here we describe the molecular link between alteration of these pathways in cancer cells and development of resistance to ionizing radiation, and discuss emerging data on the use of PPIs to favorably modify one or more components of these pathways to sensitize cancer cells to ionizing radiation. Understanding the relationship between altered signaling pathways, radioresistance, and biological activity of PPIs may serve as a basis to repurpose PPIs to restore key biological processes that are involved in cancer progression and to sensitize cancer cells to radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassidy A. Hebert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mark D. Bonnen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Yohannes T. Ghebre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Yohannes T. Ghebre,
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182
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Engineering micro oxygen factories to slow tumour progression via hyperoxic microenvironments. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4495. [PMID: 35918337 PMCID: PMC9345862 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While hypoxia promotes carcinogenesis, tumour aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to oncological treatments, the impacts of hyperoxia on tumours are rarely explored because providing a long-lasting oxygen supply in vivo is a major challenge. Herein, we construct micro oxygen factories, namely, photosynthesis microcapsules (PMCs), by encapsulation of acquired cyanobacteria and upconversion nanoparticles in alginate microcapsules. This system enables a long-lasting oxygen supply through the conversion of external radiation into red-wavelength emissions for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria. PMC treatment suppresses the NF-kB pathway, HIF-1α production and cancer cell proliferation. Hyperoxic microenvironment created by an in vivo PMC implant inhibits hepatocarcinoma growth and metastasis and has synergistic effects together with anti-PD-1 in breast cancer. The engineering oxygen factories offer potential for tumour biology studies in hyperoxic microenvironments and inspire the exploration of oncological treatments.
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183
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Hazrati A, Malekpour K, Soudi S, Hashemi SM. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells spheroid culture effect on the therapeutic efficacy of these cells and their exosomes: A new strategy to overcome cell therapy limitations. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113211. [PMID: 35696942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is one of the new treatment methods in which mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) transplantation is one of the cells widely used in this field. The results of MSCs application in the clinic prove their therapeutic efficacy. For this reason, many clinical trials have been designed based on the application of MSCs for various diseases, especially inflammatory disease and regenerative medicine. These cells perform their therapeutic functions through multiple mechanisms, including the differentiative potential, immunomodulatory properties, production of therapeutic exosomes, production of growth factors and cytokines, and anti-apoptotic effects. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) that change target cell functions by transferring different cargos. The therapeutic ability of MSCs-derived exosomes has been demonstrated in many studies. However, some limitations, such as the low production of exosomes by cells and the need for large amounts of them and also their limited therapeutic ability, have encouraged researchers to find methods that increase exosomes' therapeutic potential. One of these methods is the spheroid culture of MSCs. Studies show that the three-dimensional culture (3DCC) of MSCs in the form of multicellular spheroids increases the therapeutic efficacy of these cells in laboratory and animal applications. In addition, the spheroid culture of MSCs leads to enhanced therapeutic properties of their exosomes and production rate. Due to the novelty of the field of using 3DCC MSCs-derived exosomes, examination of their properties and the results of their therapeutic application can increase our view of this field. This review discussed MSCs and their exosomes enhanced properties in spheroid culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sawai S, Wong PF, Ramasamy TS. Hypoxia-regulated microRNAs: the molecular drivers of tumor progression. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 57:351-376. [PMID: 35900938 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2022.2088684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of nearly all solid tumors, leading to therapeutic failure. The changes in stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM), pH gradients, and chemical balance that contribute to multiple cancer hallmarks are closely regulated by intratumoral oxygen tension via its primary mediators, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs, especially HIF-1α, influence these changes in the TME by regulating vital cancer-associated signaling pathways and cellular processes including MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, STAT3, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, p53, and glycolysis. Interestingly, research has revealed the involvement of epigenetic regulation by hypoxia-regulated microRNAs (HRMs) of downstream target genes involved in these signaling. Through literature search and analysis, we identified 48 HRMs that have a functional role in the regulation of 5 key cellular processes: proliferation, metabolism, survival, invasion and migration, and immunoregulation in various cancers in hypoxic condition. Among these HRMs, 17 were identified to be directly associated with HIFs which include miR-135b, miR-145, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-182, miR-210, miR-224, miR-301a, and miR-675-5p as oncomiRNAs, and miR-100-5p, miR-138, miR-138-5p, miR-153, miR-22, miR-338-3p, miR-519d-3p, and miR-548an as tumor suppressor miRNAs. These HRMs serve as a potential lead in the development of miRNA-based targeted therapy for advanced solid tumors. Future development of combined HIF-targeted and miRNA-targeted therapy is possible, which requires comprehensive profiling of HIFs-HRMs regulatory network, and improved formula of the delivery vehicles to enhance the therapeutic kinetics of the targeted cancer therapy (TCT) moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakunie Sawai
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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185
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Hariharan K, Patel P, Mehta T. Surface modifications of Gold Nanoparticles: Stabilization and Recent Applications in Cancer Therapy. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:665-683. [PMID: 35850605 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNP) are noble metal nanocarriers that have been recently researched upon for pharmaceutical applications, imaging, and diagnosis. These metallic nanocarriers are easy to synthesize using chemical reduction techniques as their surface can be easily modified. Also, the properties of GNP are significantly affected by its size and shape which mandates its stabilization using suitable techniques of surface modification. Over the past decade, research has focused on surface modification of GNP and its stabilization using polymers, polysaccharides, proteins, dendrimers, and phase-stabilizers like gel phase or ionic liquid phase. The use of GNP for pharmaceutical applications requires its surface modification using biocompatible and inert surface modifiers. The stabilizers used, interact with the surface of GNP to provide either electrostatic stabilization or steric stabilization. This review extensively discusses the surface modification techniques for GNP and the related molecular level interactions involved in the same. The influence of various factors like the concentration of stabilizers used their characteristics like chain length and thickness, pH of the surrounding media, etc., on the surface of GNP and resulting to stability have been discussed in detail. Further, this review highlights the recent applications of surface-modified GNP in the management of tumor microenvironment and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Hariharan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Gota, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Parth Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Gota, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejal Mehta
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Gota, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India
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186
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A pharmacological exploration of targeted drug therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:147. [PMID: 35834033 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the prime cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a contribution of 85% from non-small cell lung cancer. Before a few decades back, conventional chemotherapy was the most chosen treatment option for NSCLC but with side effects. Now, the treatment approaches have shifted to a new trend, targeted therapy, and a better treatment strategy with minimal side effects compared to chemotherapy. Advances in technologies and understanding the pathways lead to the discovery of new targets and through which it is possible to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance. Unlike chemotherapy, targeted therapy focuses on the tumor cells and does not produce toxicity to healthy cells. The last two decades were very crucial in the development of many small molecules with the capability to target-specific proteins or genes in the disease progression pathway. Although the targeted therapy approach was a gemstone with many successful drugs for the treatment of NSCLC, various resistance mechanisms and activation of bypass signaling pathways put many of these drugs in the trash. In this review, we will discuss the major targeted proteins involved in NSCLC as well as the inhibitor drugs developed to target them for now and along with the future directions.
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187
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Lucchesi M, Marracci S, Amato R, Filippi L, Cammalleri M, Dal Monte M. Neurosensory Alterations in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Window to Neurological Impairments Associated to Preterm Birth. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071603. [PMID: 35884908 PMCID: PMC9313429 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the main blinding diseases affecting preterm newborns and is classically considered a vascular disorder. The premature exposure to the extrauterine environment, which is hyperoxic in respect to the intrauterine environment, triggers a cascade of events leading to retinal ischemia which, in turn, makes the retina hypoxic thus setting off angiogenic processes. However, many children with a history of ROP show persistent vision impairment, and there is evidence of an association between ROP and neurosensory disabilities. This is not surprising given the strict relationship between neuronal function and an adequate blood supply. In the present work, we revised literature data evidencing to what extent ROP can be considered a neurodegenerative disease, also taking advantage from data obtained in preclinical models of ROP. The involvement of different retinal cell populations in triggering the neuronal damage in ROP was described along with the neurological outcomes associated to ROP. The situation of ROP in Italy was assessed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lucchesi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (S.M.); (R.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Silvia Marracci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (S.M.); (R.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (S.M.); (R.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neonatology and NICU, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Cammalleri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (S.M.); (R.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Dal Monte
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (S.M.); (R.A.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2211426
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188
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Tissue Engineering Approaches to Uncover Therapeutic Targets for Endothelial Dysfunction in Pathological Microenvironments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137416. [PMID: 35806421 PMCID: PMC9266895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction plays a central role in many pathologies, rendering it crucial to understand the underlying mechanism for potential therapeutics. Tissue engineering offers opportunities for in vitro studies of endothelial dysfunction in pathological mimicry environments. Here, we begin by analyzing hydrogel biomaterials as a platform for understanding the roles of the extracellular matrix and hypoxia in vascular formation. We next examine how three-dimensional bioprinting has been applied to recapitulate healthy and diseased tissue constructs in a highly controllable and patient-specific manner. Similarly, studies have utilized organs-on-a-chip technology to understand endothelial dysfunction's contribution to pathologies in tissue-specific cellular components under well-controlled physicochemical cues. Finally, we consider studies using the in vitro construction of multicellular blood vessels, termed tissue-engineered blood vessels, and the spontaneous assembly of microvascular networks in organoids to delineate pathological endothelial dysfunction.
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189
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Hu J, Li X, Yang L, Li H. Hypoxia, a key factor in the immune microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113068. [PMID: 35676780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical and chemical pressures in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play an important role in tumor development by regulating stromal elements, including immune cells. Hypoxia can induce a cascade of events in tumor initiation and development via immune regulation. As a dangerous factor, hypoxia activates multiple signaling pathways to reshape the immune microenvironment, leading to immunosuppression. Consequently, targeting hypoxia in the TME is a potential strategy to prevent immune escape and inhibit malignant tumor progression. In this review, we summarized the role of hypoxia-induced factors in the tumor immune escape process and provide a novel pathway to restrain tumor progression and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
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190
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Bora-Singhal N, Saha B, Mohankumar D, Padmanabhan J, Coppola D, Chellappan S. A Novel PHD2/VHL-mediated Regulation of YAP1 Contributes to VEGF Expression and Angiogenesis. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:624-638. [PMID: 35937460 PMCID: PMC9351435 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activator YAP1 is the major oncogenic component of the Hippo signaling pathway and contributes to the genesis and progression of various tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). YAP1 levels are regulated by the canonical Hippo kinases, MST1/2 and LATS1/2, which modulate its cytoplasmic retention and proteasomal degradation. While non-canonical regulation of YAP1 has been reported, its role in hypoxic response is not fully elucidated. The studies presented here show that YAP1 levels and function are modulated by VHL and PHD2. YAP1 could regulate multiple genes involved in angiogenesis through E2F1; it also associates with HIF1α in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions, inducing the VEGF-A promoter. Under normoxic conditions, PHD2 associates with and hydroxylates specific proline residues on YAP1, facilitating its interaction with VHL and promoting ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Exposure to hypoxia dissociates YAP1 from PHD2 and VHL, elevating YAP1 levels and enhancing its association with HIF1α. YAP1-HIF1α interaction was higher in NSCLC and RCC samples, indicating a role for this interaction in the genesis of these cancers. Our results thus reveal a novel mode of regulation of YAP1 by PHD2 and VHL in normoxic cells, suggesting that YAP1-mediated induction of VEGF and other genes contributes to hypoxic response in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswarup Saha
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Jaya Padmanabhan
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Anatomic pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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191
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Cirillo F, Mangiavini L, La Rocca P, Piccoli M, Ghiroldi A, Rota P, Tarantino A, Canciani B, Coviello S, Messina C, Ciconte G, Pappone C, Peretti GM, Anastasia L. Human Sarcopenic Myoblasts Can Be Rescued by Pharmacological Reactivation of HIF-1α. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137114. [PMID: 35806119 PMCID: PMC9267002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in muscle mass and strength, is associated with metabolic disease and increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is associated with decreased tissue vascularization and muscle atrophy. In this work, we investigated the role of the hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1α in sarcopenia. To this end, we obtained skeletal muscle biopsies from elderly sarcopenic patients and compared them with those from young individuals. We found a decrease in the expression of HIF-1α and its target genes in sarcopenia, as well as of PAX7, the major stem cell marker of satellite cells, whereas the atrophy marker MURF1 was increased. We also isolated satellite cells from muscle biopsies and cultured them in vitro. We found that a pharmacological activation of HIF-1α and its target genes caused a reduction in skeletal muscle atrophy and activation of PAX7 gene expression. In conclusion, in this work we found that HIF-1α plays a role in sarcopenia and is involved in satellite cell homeostasis. These results support further studies to test whether pharmacological reactivation of HIF-1α could prevent and counteract sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Laura Mangiavini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.M.); (C.M.); (G.M.P.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.M.); (C.M.); (G.M.P.)
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Paola Rota
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Simona Coviello
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Carmelo Messina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.M.); (C.M.); (G.M.P.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ciconte
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Peretti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.M.); (C.M.); (G.M.P.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (P.L.R.); (P.R.); (G.C.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-2643-7756
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192
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Tan BKJ, Tan NKW, Teo YH, Yap DWT, Raghupathy J, Gao EY, Toh ST, See A. Association of obstructive sleep apnea with thyroid cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:5407-5414. [PMID: 35708764 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a postulated carcinogen based on epidemiological associations with all-cancer incidence and non-thyroid biological models. However, associations with thyroid carcinoma are unclear. METHODS We included observational/randomized studies of associations of OSA with thyroid carcinoma incidence/mortality in adults, from four databases. Random-effects meta-analyses and the population attributable fraction (PAF; from published global OSA prevalence estimates) were computed. RESULTS We included four observational studies (N = 2,839,325), all with moderate/low risk of bias. OSA diagnosis was associated with twofold incidence of thyroid carcinoma (pooled HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.35-3.98, I2 = 95%), after multi-adjustment for demographics, BMI, smoking, alcohol, and comorbidities. Subgroup analysis of studies with at least 5 years of follow-up showed a stronger association of OSA with thyroid cancer incidence (pooled HR 3.27, 95% CI 2.80-3.82, I2 = 0%). Up to 14.5% (95% CI 4.29-27.6%) of incident thyroid carcinomas globally may be associated with OSA. Thyroid carcinoma mortality data was unavailable. CONCLUSIONS OSA is associated with higher thyroid carcinoma incidence, though this does not prove causation. Biological/clinical studies should investigate OSA severity in relation to thyroid carcinoma progression and mortality, stratified by tumor histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Kye Wen Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yao Hao Teo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominic Wei Ting Yap
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaivikash Raghupathy
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esther Yanxin Gao
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Song Tar Toh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.,Surgery Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna See
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore. .,Surgery Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore.
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193
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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194
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Yazdi MK, Zare M, Khodadadi A, Seidi F, Sajadi SM, Zarrintaj P, Arefi A, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. Polydopamine Biomaterials for Skin Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2196-2219. [PMID: 35649119 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Designing biomaterials capable of biomimicking wound healing and skin regeneration has been receiving increasing attention recently. Some biopolymers behave similarly to the extracellular matrix (ECM), supporting biointerfacial adhesion and intrinsic cellular interactions. Polydopamine (PDA) is a natural bioadhesive and bioactive polymer that endows high chemical versatility, making it an exciting candidate for a wide range of biomedical applications. Moreover, biomaterials based on PDA and its derivatives have near-infrared (NIR) absorption, excellent biocompatibility, intrinsic antioxidative activity, antibacterial activity, and cell affinity. PDA can regulate cell behavior by controlling signal transduction pathways. It governs the focal adhesion behavior of cells at the biomaterials interface. These features make melanin-like PDA a fascinating biomaterial for wound healing and skin regeneration. This paper overviews PDA-based biomaterials' synthesis, properties, and interactions with biological entities. Furthermore, the utilization of PDA nano- and microstructures as a constituent of wound-dressing formulations is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mehrak Zare
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141663-4793, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad 96914, Iran
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University─Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq.,Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, Soran, Kurdistan Regional Government 44008, Iraq
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Ahmad Arefi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 144961-4535, Iran
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195
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Liu L, Zhu H, Wang P, Wu S. Construction of a Six-Gene Prognostic Risk Model Related to Hypoxia and Angiogenesis for Cervical Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:923263. [PMID: 35769999 PMCID: PMC9234147 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.923263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognosis of cervical cancer (CC) is poor and not accurately reflected by the primary tumor node metastasis staging system. Our study aimed to develop a novel survival-prediction model. Methods: Hallmarks of CC were quantified using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. We linked gene expression, hypoxia, and angiogenesis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was combined with the random forest algorithm to construct a prognostic model. We further evaluated the survival predictive power of the gene signature using Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Hypoxia and angiogenesis were the leading risk factors contributing to poor overall survival (OS) of patients with CC. We identified 109 candidate genes using WGCNA and univariate Cox regression. Our established prognostic model contained six genes (MOCSI, PPP1R14A, ESM1, DES, ITGA5, and SERPINF1). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that high-risk patients had worse OS (hazard ratio = 4.63, p < 0.001). Our model had high predictive power according to the ROC curve. The C-index indicated that the risk score was a better predictor of survival than other clinicopathological variables. Additionally, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions indicated that the risk score was the only independent risk factor for poor OS. The risk score was also an independent predictor in the validation set (GSE52903). Bivariate survival prediction suggested that patients exhibited poor prognosis if they had high z-scores for hypoxia or angiogenesis and high risk scores. Conclusions: We established a six-gene survival prediction model associated with hypoxia and angiogenesis. This novel model accurately predicts survival and also provides potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Hongcang Zhu
- Foshan Retirement Center for Retired Cadres, Guangdong Military Region of the PLA, Foshan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Suzhen Wu
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Suzhen Wu,
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196
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Karimzadeh M, Hoffman MM. Virtual ChIP-seq: predicting transcription factor binding by learning from the transcriptome. Genome Biol 2022; 23:126. [PMID: 35681170 PMCID: PMC9185870 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing methods for computational prediction of transcription factor (TF) binding sites evaluate genomic regions with similarity to known TF sequence preferences. Most TF binding sites, however, do not resemble known TF sequence motifs, and many TFs are not sequence-specific. We developed Virtual ChIP-seq, which predicts binding of individual TFs in new cell types, integrating learned associations with gene expression and binding, TF binding sites from other cell types, and chromatin accessibility data in the new cell type. This approach outperforms methods that predict TF binding solely based on sequence preference, predicting binding for 36 TFs (MCC>0.3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Karimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael M Hoffman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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197
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Peral A, Mateo J, Domínguez-Godínez CO, Carracedo G, Gómez JA, Crooke A, Pintor J. Therapeutic potential of topical administration of siRNAs against HIF-1α for corneal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109036. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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198
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Kim HJ, Ji YR, Lee YM. Crosstalk between angiogenesis and immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:401-416. [PMID: 35759090 PMCID: PMC9250479 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer creates a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of immune cells, stromal cells, blood vessels, and various other cellular and extracellular elements. It is essential for the development of anti-cancer combination therapies to understand and overcome this high heterogeneity and complexity as well as the dynamic interactions between them within the TME. Recent treatment strategies incorporating immune-checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic agents have brought many changes and advances in clinical cancer treatment. However, there are still challenges for immune suppressive tumors, which are characterized by a lack of T cell infiltration and treatment resistance. In this review, we will investigate the crosstalk between immunity and angiogenesis in the TME. In addition, we will look at strategies designed to enhance anti-cancer immunity, to convert "immune suppressive tumors" into "immune activating tumors," and the mechanisms by which these strategies enhance effector immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Jung Kim
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, VOICE (MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Rae Ji
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - You Mie Lee
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, VOICE (MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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199
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Wu D, Liu Y, Chen W, Shao J, Zhuoma P, Zhao D, Yu Y, Liu T, Yu R, Gan Y, Yuzheng B, Huang Y, Zhang H, Bi X, Tao C, Lai S, Luo Q, Zhang D, Wang H, Zhaxi P, Zhang J, Qiao J, Zeng C. How placenta promotes the successful reproduction in high-altitude populations: a transcriptome comparison between adaptation and acclimatization. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6596365. [PMID: 35642306 PMCID: PMC9206416 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As the best adapted high altitude population, Tibetans feature a relatively high offspring survival rate. Genome-wide studies have identified hundreds of candidate SNPs related to high altitude adaptation of Tibetans, although most of them have unknown functional relevance. To explore the mechanisms behind successful reproduction at high altitudes, we compared the placental transcriptomes of Tibetans, sea level Hans (SLHan), and Han immigrants (ImHan). Among the three populations, placentas from ImHan showed a hyperactive gene expression pattern. Their increased activation demonstrates a hypoxic stress response similar to sea level individuals experiencing hypoxic conditions. Unlike ImHan, Tibetan placentas were characterized by the significant up-regulation of placenta-specific genes, and the activation of autophagy and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Certain conserved hypoxia response functions, including the antioxidant system and angiogenesis, were activated in both ImHan and Tibetans, but mediated by different genes. The coherence of specific transcriptome features linked to possible genetic contribution was observed in Tibetans. Furthermore, we identified a novel Tibetan-specific EPAS1 isoform with a partial deletion at exon six, which may be involved in the adaption to hypoxia through the EPAS1-centred gene network in the placenta. Overall, our results show that the placenta grants successful pregnancies in Tibetans by strengthening the natural functions of the placenta itself. On the other hand, the placenta of ImHan was in an inhabiting time-dependent acclimatization process representing a common hypoxic stress response pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pubu Zhuoma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Dexiong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, Qinghai China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongna Gan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, Qinghai China
| | - Baima Yuzheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Yongshu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Haikun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoman Bi
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujuan Lai
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoxia Luo
- The Third People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Dake Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingcuo Zhaxi
- The Third People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Changqing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Precision and Genomic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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200
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Peisker F, Halder M, Nagai J, Ziegler S, Kaesler N, Hoeft K, Li R, Bindels EMJ, Kuppe C, Moellmann J, Lehrke M, Stoppe C, Schaub MT, Schneider RK, Costa I, Kramann R. Mapping the cardiac vascular niche in heart failure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3027. [PMID: 35641541 PMCID: PMC9156759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac vascular and perivascular niche are of major importance in homeostasis and during disease, but we lack a complete understanding of its cellular heterogeneity and alteration in response to injury as a major driver of heart failure. Using combined genetic fate tracing with confocal imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing of this niche in homeostasis and during heart failure, we unravel cell type specific transcriptomic changes in fibroblast, endothelial, pericyte and vascular smooth muscle cell subtypes. We characterize a specific fibroblast subpopulation that exists during homeostasis, acquires Thbs4 expression and expands after injury driving cardiac fibrosis, and identify the transcription factor TEAD1 as a regulator of fibroblast activation. Endothelial cells display a proliferative response after injury, which is not sustained in later remodeling, together with transcriptional changes related to hypoxia, angiogenesis, and migration. Collectively, our data provides an extensive resource of transcriptomic changes in the vascular niche in hypertrophic cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Peisker
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maurice Halder
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - James Nagai
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Ziegler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Kaesler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Konrad Hoeft
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ronghui Li
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eric M J Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Kuppe
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Moellmann
- Department of Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael T Schaub
- Department of Computer Science, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Ivan Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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