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In Vivo Evaluation of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Tissue Morphology in Rats during Changing Fraction of Inspired Oxygen Based on Spectrocolorimetric Imaging Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020491. [PMID: 29415505 PMCID: PMC5855713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During surgical treatment for cerebrovascular diseases, cortical hemodynamics are often controlled by bypass graft surgery, temporary occlusion of arteries, and surgical removal of veins. Since the brain is vulnerable to hypoxemia and ischemia, interruption of cerebral blood flow reduces the oxygen supply to tissues and induces irreversible damage to cells and tissues. Monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics and alteration of cellular structure during neurosurgery is thus crucial. Sequential recordings of red-green-blue (RGB) images of in vivo exposed rat brains were made during hyperoxia, normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia. Monte Carlo simulation of light transport in brain tissue was used to specify relationships among RGB-values and oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbO), deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbR), total hemoglobin concentration (CHbT), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2), and scattering power b. Temporal courses of CHbO, CHbR, CHbT, and StO2 indicated physiological responses to reduced oxygen delivery to cerebral tissue. A rapid decrease in light scattering power b was observed after respiratory arrest, similar to the negative deflection of the extracellular direct current (DC) potential in so-called anoxic depolarization. These results suggest the potential of this method for evaluating pathophysiological conditions and loss of tissue viability.
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152
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Yoshizawa N, Ueda Y, Mimura T, Ohmae E, Yoshimoto K, Wada H, Ogura H, Sakahara H. Factors affecting measurement of optic parameters by time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-6. [PMID: 29488362 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.2.026010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the thickness and depth of tumors on hemoglobin measurements in breast cancer by optical spectroscopy and to demonstrate tissue oxygen saturation (SO2) and reduced scattering coefficient (μs') in breast tissue and breast cancer in relation to the skin-to-chest wall distance. We examined 53 tumors from 44 patients. Total hemoglobin concentration (tHb), SO2, and μs' were measured by time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS). The skin-to-chest wall distance and the size and depth of tumors were measured by ultrasonography. There was a positive correlation between tHb and tumor thickness, and a negative correlation between tHb and tumor depth. SO2 in breast tissue decreased when the skin-to-chest wall distance decreased, and SO2 in tumors tended to be lower than in breast tissue. In breast tissue, there was a negative correlation between μs' and the skin-to-chest wall distance, and μs' in tumors was higher than in breast tissue. Measurement of tHb in breast cancer by TRS was influenced by tumor thickness and depth. Although SO2 seemed lower and μs' was higher in breast cancer than in breast tissue, the skin-to-chest wall distance may have affected the measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Yoshizawa
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hi, Japan
| | - Yukio Ueda
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Central Research Laboratory, Hamakitaku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mimura
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Central Research Laboratory, Hamakitaku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Etsuko Ohmae
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Central Research Laboratory, Hamakitaku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshimoto
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Central Research Laboratory, Hamakitaku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroko Wada
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Central Research Laboratory, Hamakitaku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogura
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Higashiku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Harumi Sakahara
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hi, Japan
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153
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Bocoum M, Gennisson JL, Venet C, Chi M, Petersen PM, Grabar AA, Ramaz F. Two-color interpolation of the absorption response for quantitative acousto-optic imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:399-402. [PMID: 29400869 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a reliable and widespread technique for monitoring qualitative changes in absorption inside highly scattering media. It has been shown, however, that acousto-optic (AO) imaging can provide significantly more qualitative information without the need for inversion algorithms due to the spatial resolution afforded by ultrasound probing. In this Letter, we show how, by using multiple-wavelength AO imaging, it is also possible to perform quantitative measurements of absorber concentration inside scattering media.
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154
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Duran-Ledezma AA, Jacinto-Méndez D, Rojas-Ochoa LF. Time-resolved study of optical properties and microscopic dynamics during the drying of TiO 2 films by spectral diffusing wave spectroscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:208-216. [PMID: 29328165 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental, theoretical, and numerical study of photon transport and microscopic dynamics in rigid and drying turbid thin films. Our setup is based in multispeckle diffusing wave spectroscopy and is adapted for frequency sweep of the illuminating source. We apply our approach to simultaneously monitor the changes in optical properties and microscopic dynamics of turbid thin films of rutile TiO2 powder dispersed in ethanol during the full drying process. Accordingly, we introduce an extension of the photon diffusion model for spectral speckle intensity correlations to account for system microscopic dynamics. We find that our results are well described by the model, where parameters required as the time-dependent sample thickness and transport mean free path are obtained from experiments. Furthermore, our findings are validated by numerical simulations of speckle dynamics based on the copula scheme. We consider that our scheme could be useful in time-resolved physical characterization of time-evolving turbid thin systems.
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155
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Gardner CM. Transmission versus reflectance spectroscopy for quantitation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-8. [PMID: 29297210 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.1.018001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to compare the accuracy of analyte concentration estimation when using transmission versus diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of a scattering medium. Monte Carlo ray tracing of light through the medium was used in conjunction with pure component absorption spectra and Beer-Lambert absorption along each ray's pathlength to generate matched sets of pseudoabsorbance spectra, containing water and six analytes present in skin. PLS regression models revealed an improvement in accuracy when using transmission compared to reflectance for a range of medium thicknesses and instrument noise levels. An analytical expression revealed the source of the accuracy degradation with reflectance was due both to the reduced collection efficiency for a fixed instrument etendue and to the broad pathlength distribution that detected light travels in the medium before exiting from the incident side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M Gardner
- TruTouch Technologies Inc., Riverside, California, United States
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156
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Komuro Y, Sato Y, Lin L, Tang Z, Hu L, Sakatani K. Reliability of Wearable Two Channel CW-NIRS in Measurements of Brain Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1072:301-305. [PMID: 30178362 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multi-channel NIRS, so-called optical topography (OT), allows functional mapping of the cortex; however, it takes a long time to set optodes on the head and is relatively expensive. Thus, OT is not suitable as a screening test of brain disorders evaluating many subjects. Recently, a wearable two-channel continuous wave NIRS (CW-NIRS) device has been developed. Such a simple NIRS device may be applicable as a screening test of brain disorders; however, its reliability in measurements of brain function is not yet clear. Here, we tested a two-channel CW-NIRS, which employs single LED (800 nm) for measurement of total hemoglobin (t-Hb) changes. We measured t-Hb changes in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) during mental arithmetic tasks, employing the CW-NIRS and time-resolve NIRS (TNIRS). The left-right asymmetry of the PFC activity was evaluated by calculating the laterality index (LI; (R-L)/(R + L) of t-Hb), which reflects mental stress. The interval between CW-NIRS and TNIRS measurements was 1-13 days. A significant positive correlation was observed between LI measured by CW-NIRS and TNIRS. These results suggest the reliability of the simple CW-NIRS, and it may be applicable to prevent stress-induced various diseases. Finally, it should be emphasized that the left-right asymmetry of PFC activity is relatively stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Komuro
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Y Sato
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan
| | - L Lin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Z Tang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan
| | - L Hu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K Sakatani
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Fukushima, Japan. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan.
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157
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Giovannella M, Ibañez D, Gregori-Pla C, Kacprzak M, Mitjà G, Ruffini G, Durduran T. Concurrent measurement of cerebral hemodynamics and electroencephalography during transcranial direct current stimulation. NEUROPHOTONICS 2018; 5:015001. [PMID: 29392156 PMCID: PMC5784784 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.5.1.015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is currently being used for research and treatment of some neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as for improvement of cognitive functions. In order to better understand cerebral response to the stimulation and to redefine protocols and dosage, its effects must be monitored. To this end, we have used functional diffuse correlation spectroscopy (fDCS) and time-resolved functional near-infrared spectroscopy (TR-fNIRS) together with electroencephalography (EEG) during and after stimulation of the frontal cortex. Twenty subjects participated in two sessions of stimulation with two different polarity montages and twelve also underwent a sham session. Cerebral blood flow and oxyhemoglobin concentration increased during and after active stimulation in the region under the stimulation electrode while deoxyhemoglobin concentration decreased. The EEG spectrum displayed statistically significant power changes across different stimulation sessions in delta (2 to 4 Hz), theta (4 to 8 Hz), and beta (12 to 18 Hz) bands. Results suggest that fDCS and TR-fNIRS can be employed as neuromonitors of the effects of transcranial electrical stimulation and can be used together with EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Giovannella
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Address all correspondence to: Martina Giovannella, E-mail:
| | | | - Clara Gregori-Pla
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michal Kacprzak
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Giulio Ruffini
- Starlab, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuroelectrics Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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158
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Kakihana Y, Kamikokuryo C, Furubeppu H, Madokoro Y, Futatsuki T, Miyamoto S, Haraura H, Hatanaka K, Eguchi T, Saitoh Y, Miura N, Suzuki H, Ueda Y, Yasuda T, Ito T. Monitoring of Brain Oxygenation During and After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Prospective Porcine Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1072:83-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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159
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Tummers QRJG, Hoogstins CES, Gaarenstroom KN, de Kroon CD, van Poelgeest MIE, Vuyk J, Bosse T, Smit VTHBM, van de Velde CJH, Cohen AF, Low PS, Burggraaf J, Vahrmeijer AL. Intraoperative imaging of folate receptor alpha positive ovarian and breast cancer using the tumor specific agent EC17. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32144-55. [PMID: 27014973 PMCID: PMC5078003 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intraoperative fluorescence imaging of the folate-receptor alpha (FRα) could support completeness of resection in cancer surgery. Feasibility of EC17, a FRα-targeting agent that fluoresces at 500nm, was demonstrated in a limited series of ovarian cancer patients. Our objective was to evaluate EC17 in a larger group of ovarian cancer patients. In addition, we assessed the feasibility of EC17 in patients with breast cancer. Methods Two-to-three hours before surgery 0.1mg/kg EC17 was intravenously administered to 12 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer and to 3 patients undergoing surgery for biopsy-proven FRα-positive breast cancer. The number of lesions/positive margins detected with fluorescence and concordance between fluorescence and tumor- and FRα-status was assessed in addition to safety and pharmacokinetics. Results Fluorescence imaging in ovarian cancer patients allowed detection of 57 lesions of which 44 (77%) appeared malignant on histopathology. Seven out of these 44 (16%) were not detected with inspection/palpation. Histopathology demonstrated concordance between fluorescence and FRα- and tumor status. Fluorescence imaging in breast cancer patients, allowed detection of tumor-specific fluorescence signal. At the 500nm wavelength, autofluorescence of normal breast tissue was present to such extent that it interfered with tumor identification. Conclusions FRα is a favorable target for fluorescence-guided surgery as EC17 produced a clear fluorescent signal in ovarian and breast cancer tissue. This resulted in resection of ovarian cancer lesions that were otherwise not detected. Notwithstanding, autofluorescence caused false-positive lesions in ovarian cancer and difficulty in discriminating breast cancer-specific fluorescence from background signal. Optimization of the 500nm fluorophore, will minimize autofluorescence and further improve intraoperative tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirijn R J G Tummers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E S Hoogstins
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katja N Gaarenstroom
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cor D de Kroon
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap Vuyk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent T H B M Smit
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Adam F Cohen
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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160
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de Oliveira GV, Morgado M, Conte-Junior CA, Alvares TS. Acute effect of dietary nitrate on forearm muscle oxygenation, blood volume and strength in older adults: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188893. [PMID: 29190751 PMCID: PMC5708833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both recovery time of post-exercise muscle oxygenation and muscle strength decline with aging. Although beetroot consumption has been shown to improve muscle oxygenation and exercise performance in adults, these effects in the elderly has not been addressed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a beetroot-based gel (BG) on muscle O2 saturation, blood volume (tHb) and handgrip strength in the elderly in response to handgrip exercise. In a randomized crossover double-blind design, twelve older subjects consumed BG (100 g of beetroot-based gel containing ~ 12 mmol nitrate) or PLA (100 g of nitrate-depleted gel nitrate-depleted). The subjects performed a rhythmic handgrip exercise which consisted of a one 1-min set at 30% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of each subject, followed by a 1 min recovery. The muscle oxygenation parameters and tHb were continuously monitored by using near-infrared spectroscopy. MVC was evaluated at baseline, immediately after exercise, and 30 min afterwards. The muscle O2 resaturation rate during exercise recovery was greater in the BG when compared to PLA condition (1.43 ± 0.77 vs 1.02 ± 0.48%.s-1; P < 0.05). Significant increase was observed in tHb during exercise recovery (10.25 ± 5.47 vs 6.72 ± 4.55 μM; P < 0.05) and significant reduction of handgrip strength decline was observed 30 min after exercise in BG (- 0.24 ± 0.18 vs—0.39 ± 0.20 N; P < 0.05). In summary, a single dose of a beetroot-based gel speeds up muscle O2 resaturation, increases blood volume and improves recovery of handgrip strength after handgrip exercise in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina Morgado
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Silveira Alvares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Basic Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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161
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Ortiz-Rascón E, Bruce NC, Garduño-Mejía J, Carrillo-Torres R, Hernández-Paredes J, Álvarez-Ramos ME. Comparison of spatially and temporally resolved diffuse transillumination measurement systems for extraction of optical properties of scattering media. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:9199-9204. [PMID: 29216090 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.009199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the main differences between two different methods for determining the optical properties of tissue optical phantoms by fitting the spatial and temporal intensity distribution functions to the diffusion approximation theory. The consistency in the values of the optical properties is verified by changing the width of the recipient containing the turbid medium; as the optical properties are an intrinsic value of the scattering medium, independently of the recipient width, the stability in these values for different widths implies a better measurement system for the acquisition of the optical properties. It is shown that the temporal fitting method presents higher stability than the spatial fitting method; this is probably due to the addition of the time of flight parameter into the diffusion theory.
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162
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Marinyuk VV, Sheberstov SV. Impact of the scattering phase function on the bulk reflectance of a turbid medium with large-scale inhomogeneities. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:9105-9113. [PMID: 29131200 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.009105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study the total bulk reflectance of a turbid medium with large (as compared to the light wavelength) inhomogeneities at grazing angles of light incidence. To model highly forward scattering in the medium, we take advantage of the Reynolds-McCormick scattering phase function. Using the scaling analysis for the small-angle radiative transfer equation, we derive simple analytical formulas for the total reflectance. For grazing incidence angles, we find a range of values of the medium transport coefficients where the total reflectance proves to be a universal function of a single parameter, which is expressed in terms of the incidence angle, the absorption coefficient, and the transport scattering one. The explicit form of this function is governed by the specific angular profile of the scattering phase function. The results obtained are verified by comparison with results of a direct numerical integration of the radiative transfer equation.
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163
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Improved algorithm for estimating the optical properties of food products using spatially-resolved diffuse reflectance. J FOOD ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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164
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Pagliazzi M, Sekar SKV, Colombo L, Martinenghi E, Minnema J, Erdmann R, Contini D, Mora AD, Torricelli A, Pifferi A, Durduran T. Time domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy with a high coherence pulsed source: in vivo and phantom results. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:5311-5325. [PMID: 29188122 PMCID: PMC5695972 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.005311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), combined with time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy (TRS) or frequency domain spectroscopy, aims at path length (i.e. depth) resolved, non-invasive and simultaneous assessment of tissue composition and blood flow. However, while TRS provides a path length resolved data, the standard DCS does not. Recently, a time domain DCS experiment showed path length resolved measurements for improved quantification with respect to classical DCS, but was limited to phantoms and small animal studies. Here, we demonstrate time domain DCS for in vivo studies on the adult forehead and the arm. We achieve path length resolved DCS by means of an actively mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser that allows high coherence pulses, thus enabling adequate signal-to-noise ratio in relatively fast (~1 s) temporal resolution. This work paves the way to the translation of this approach to practical in vivo use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pagliazzi
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - L. Colombo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E. Martinenghi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - J. Minnema
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - D. Contini
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A. Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A. Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A. Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - T. Durduran
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08015 Barcelona, Spain
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165
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Cuenca N, Ortuño-Lizarán I, Pinilla I. Cellular Characterization of OCT and Outer Retinal Bands Using Specific Immunohistochemistry Markers and Clinical Implications. Ophthalmology 2017; 125:407-422. [PMID: 29037595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OCT has been a technological breakthrough in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of many ocular diseases, especially retinal and neuro-ophthalmologic pathologic conditions. Until now, several controversies have arisen over the specific cell types that the bands observed in the OCT represent, especially over the 4 outer retinal bands. DESIGN To correlate the 4 outer hyperreflective bands observed in the OCT with the histologic structures using human retinal sections and immunocytochemistry at the fovea level. PARTICIPANTS Eyes from human donors. METHODS Vertical cryosections of human retinas were immunostained with antibodies specific for cones photoreceptors, bipolar cells, mitochondria, Müller cells, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and were visualized using confocal microscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Morphological correlation between histology and OCT at the fovea level. RESULTS Triple immunolabeling allowed distinguishing between cells types and different cell compartments. Immunostaining with guanine nucleotide-binding protein β 3 (GNB3) and cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP) antibodies showed all retinal layers at the foveola, especially the separation between the outer nuclear layer and the Henle fiber layer. CRALBP and cytochrome C (Cyt C) immunolabeling revealed that hyperreflective bands 1 and 2, observed in the OCT, correspond to the outer limiting membrane and the cone ellipsoids, respectively, separated by the cone myoids. CRALBP, cytochrome C, and GNB3 showed that the RPE interdigitations extend along the entire external segment of the cones, we do not believe them to be the structure responsible for forming the third band. However, the identification of small fragments of cone outer segments within the RPE led us to characterize the third band as the cone phagosomes located in the top of the RPE. Finally, we propose that the fourth band corresponds to the accumulation of mitochondria at the basal portion of the RPE, as identified by cytochrome C immunoreactivity, and that the hyporeflective band between bands 3 and 4 corresponds to the RPE nuclei and melanosomes zone. CONCLUSIONS This study proposes a new interpretation of the outer retinal bands that leads to a more accurate interpretation of OCT images, providing information about the health of cones and their relationship with the RPE, and could help to form a better understanding of retinal disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Cuenca
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, Alicante University, Alicante, Spain; Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain; Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies "Ramón Margalef," University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, Alicante University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Isabel Pinilla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Science Institute, Aragon, Spain
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166
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Time-Resolved Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging Using Solid-State Detectors: Characteristics, Present Status, and Research Challenges. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17092115. [PMID: 28906462 PMCID: PMC5621067 DOI: 10.3390/s17092115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse optical imaging (DOI) are emerging non-invasive imaging modalities that have wide spread potential applications in many fields, particularly for structural and functional imaging in medicine. In this article, we review time-resolved diffuse optical imaging (TR-DOI) systems using solid-state detectors with a special focus on Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) and Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). These TR-DOI systems can be categorized into two types based on the operation mode of the detector (free-running or time-gated). For the TR-DOI prototypes, the physical concepts, main components, figures-of-merit of detectors, and evaluation parameters are described. The performance of TR-DOI prototypes is evaluated according to the parameters used in common protocols to test DOI systems particularly basic instrumental performance (BIP). In addition, the potential features of SPADs and SiPMs to improve TR-DOI systems and expand their applications in the foreseeable future are discussed. Lastly, research challenges and future developments for TR-DOI are discussed for each component in the prototype separately and also for the entire system.
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167
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A "NIRS" death experience: a reduction in cortical oxygenation by time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy preceding cardiac arrest. J Clin Monit Comput 2017; 32:683-686. [PMID: 28887695 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-017-0061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used effectively post-cardiac-arrest to gauge adequacy of resuscitation and predict the likelihood of achieving a return of spontaneous circulation. However, preempting hemodynamic collapse is preferable to achieving ROSC through advanced cardiac life support. Minimizing "time down" without end-organ perfusion has always been a central pillar of ACLS. In many critically ill patients there is a prolonged phase of end-organ hypoperfusion preceding loss of palpable pulses and initiation of ACLS. Due to the relative infrequency of in-hospital cardiac arrest, NIRS has not previously evaluated the period immediately prior to hemodynamic collapse. Here we report a young man who suffered a pulseless electrical activity (PEA) arrest while cortical oxygenation was monitored using time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy. The onset of cortical deoxygenation preceded the loss of palpable pulses by 15 min, suggesting that TRS-NIRS monitoring might provide a means of preempting PEA arrest. Our experience with this patient represents a promising new direction for continuous NIRS monitoring and has the potential to not only predict clinical outcomes, but affect them to the patient's benefit as well.
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168
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Carp SA, Farzam P, Redes N, Hueber DM, Franceschini MA. Combined multi-distance frequency domain and diffuse correlation spectroscopy system with simultaneous data acquisition and real-time analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3993-4006. [PMID: 29026684 PMCID: PMC5611918 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) have emerged as synergistic techniques for the non-invasive assessment of tissue health. Combining FD-NIRS oximetry with DCS measures of blood flow, the tissue oxygen metabolic rate can be quantified, a parameter more closely linked to underlying physiology and pathology than either NIRS or DCS estimates alone. Here we describe the first commercially available integrated instrument, called the "MetaOx", designed to enable simultaneous FD-NIRS and DCS measurements at rates of 10 + Hz, and offering real-time data evaluation. We show simultaneously acquired characterization data demonstrating performance equivalent to individual devices and sample in vivo measurements of pulsation resolved blood flow, forearm occlusion hemodynamic changes and muscle oxygen metabolic rate monitoring during stationary bike exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A. Carp
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Parisa Farzam
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Norin Redes
- ISS Inc., 1602 Newton Drive, Champaign, IL 61822, USA
| | | | - Maria Angela Franceschini
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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169
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Bentz BZ, Wu TC, Gaind V, Webb KJ. Diffuse optical localization of blood vessels and 3D printing for guiding oral surgery. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:6649-6654. [PMID: 29047957 PMCID: PMC5652004 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.006649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse optical imaging through centimeters of tissue has emerged as a powerful tool in biomedical research. However, applications in the operating theater have been limited in part due to data set requirements and computational burden. We present an approach that uses a small number of optical source-detector pairs that allows for the fast localization of arteries in the roof of the mouth and has the potential to reduce complications during oral surgery. The arteries are modeled as multiple-point absorbers, allowing localization of their complex shapes. The method is demonstrated using a printed tissue-simulating mouth phantom. Furthermore, we use the extracted position information to fabricate a custom surgical guide using 3D printing that could protect the arteries during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Z. Bentz
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Timothy C. Wu
- Private Practice in Periodontology, Mountain View, California 94040, USA
| | | | - Kevin J. Webb
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Corresponding author:
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170
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Feng Y, Deng H, Chen X, He JJ. Blood oxygenation and flow measurements using a single 720-nm tunable V-cavity laser. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3516-3525. [PMID: 28856031 PMCID: PMC5560821 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a single-laser-based sensing method for measuring both blood oxygenation and microvascular blood flow. Based on the optimal wavelength range found from theoretical analysis on differential absorption based blood oxygenation measurement, we designed and fabricated a 720-nm-band wavelength tunable V-cavity laser. Without any grating or bandgap engineering, the laser has a wavelength tuning range of 14.1 nm. By using the laser emitting at 710.3 nm and 724.4 nm to measure the oxygenation and blood flow, we experimentally demonstrate the proposed method.
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171
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Wang L, Ayaz H, Izzetoglu M, Onaral B. Evaluation of light detector surface area for functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Comput Biol Med 2017; 89:68-75. [PMID: 28787647 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neuroimaging technique that utilizes near infrared light to detect cortical concentration changes of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin non-invasively. Using light sources and detectors over the scalp, multi-wavelength light intensities are recorded as time series and converted to concentration changes of hemoglobin via modified Beer-Lambert law. Here, we describe a potential source for systematic error in the calculation of hemoglobin changes and light intensity measurements. Previous system characterization and analysis studies looked into various fNIRS parameters such as type of light source, number and selection of wavelengths, distance between light source and detector. In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of light detector surface area to the overall outcome. Results from Monte Carlo based digital phantoms indicated that selection of detector area is a critical system parameter in minimizing the error in concentration calculations. The findings here can guide the design of future fNIRS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cognitive Neuroengineering and Quantitative Experimental Research (CONQUER) Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cognitive Neuroengineering and Quantitative Experimental Research (CONQUER) Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cognitive Neuroengineering and Quantitative Experimental Research (CONQUER) Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Banu Onaral
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cognitive Neuroengineering and Quantitative Experimental Research (CONQUER) Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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172
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Fryer S, Stone KJ, Sveen J, Dickson T, España-Romero V, Giles D, Baláš J, Stoner L, Draper N. Differences in forearm strength, endurance, and hemodynamic kinetics between male boulderers and lead rock climbers. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17:1177-1183. [PMID: 28753391 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1353135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined differences in the oxygenation kinetics and strength and endurance characteristics of boulderers and lead sport climbers. Using near infrared spectroscopy, 13-boulderers, 10-lead climbers, and 10-controls completed assessments of oxidative capacity index and muscle oxygen consumption (m⩒O2) in the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), and extensor digitorum communis (EDC). Additionally, forearm strength (maximal volitional contraction MVC), endurance (force-time integral FTI at 40% MVC), and forearm volume (FAV and ΔFAV) was assessed. MVC was significantly greater in boulderers compared to lead climbers (mean difference = 9.6, 95% CI 5.2-14 kg). FDP and EDC oxidative capacity indexes were significantly greater (p = .041 and .013, respectively) in lead climbers and boulderers compared to controls (mean difference = -1.166, 95% CI (-3.264 to 0.931 s) and mean difference = -1.120, 95% CI (-3.316 to 1.075 s), respectively) with no differences between climbing disciplines. Climbers had a significantly greater FTI compared to controls (mean difference = 2205, 95% CI= 1114-3296 and mean difference = 1716, 95% CI = 553-2880, respectively) but not between disciplines. There were no significant group differences in ΔFAV or m⩒O2. The greater MVC in boulderers may be due to neural adaptation and not hypertrophy. A greater oxidative capacity index in both climbing groups suggests that irrespective of climbing discipline, trainers, coaches, and practitioners should consider forearm specific aerobic training to aid performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fryer
- a School of Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Applied Sciences , University of Gloucestershire , Gloucester , UK
| | - K J Stone
- a School of Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Applied Sciences , University of Gloucestershire , Gloucester , UK
| | - J Sveen
- b School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences , Edinburgh Napier University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - T Dickson
- a School of Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Applied Sciences , University of Gloucestershire , Gloucester , UK
| | - V España-Romero
- c Department of Physical Education , School of Education , University of Cadiz, Cadiz , Spain
| | - D Giles
- d Department of Life Sciences, College of Life and Natural Sciences , University of Derby , Buxton , UK
| | - J Baláš
- e Faculty of Physical Education and Sport , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - L Stoner
- f Department of Sport and Exercise , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - N Draper
- g School of Health Sciences, College of Education, Health and Human Development , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand
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173
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Thompson JV, Hokr BH, Kim W, Ballmann CW, Applegate BE, Jo J, Yamilov A, Cao H, Scully MO, Yakovlev VV. Enhanced coupling of light into a turbid medium through microscopic interface engineering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:7941-7946. [PMID: 28701381 PMCID: PMC5544321 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705612114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many optical detection and sensing methods used today that provide powerful ways to diagnose, characterize, and study materials. For example, the measurement of spontaneous Raman scattering allows for remote detection and identification of chemicals. Many other optical techniques provide unique solutions to learn about biological, chemical, and even structural systems. However, when these systems exist in a highly scattering or turbid medium, the optical scattering effects reduce the effectiveness of these methods. In this article, we demonstrate a method to engineer the geometry of the optical interface of a turbid medium, thereby drastically enhancing the coupling efficiency of light into the material. This enhanced optical coupling means that light incident on the material will penetrate deeper into (and through) the medium. It also means that light thus injected into the material will have an enhanced interaction time with particles contained within the material. These results show that, by using the multiple scattering of light in a turbid medium, enhanced light-matter interaction can be achieved; this has a direct impact on spectroscopic methods such as Raman scattering and fluorescence detection in highly scattering regimes. Furthermore, the enhanced penetration depth achieved by this method will directly impact optical techniques that have previously been limited by the inability to deposit sufficient amounts of optical energy below or through highly scattering layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan V Thompson
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Brett H Hokr
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Wihan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Charles W Ballmann
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Brian E Applegate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Javier Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Alexey Yamilov
- Department of Physics, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, MO 65409
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Marlan O Scully
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843;
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798
| | - Vladislav V Yakovlev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
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174
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Ueda S, Saeki T, Osaki A, Yamane T, Kuji I. Bevacizumab Induces Acute Hypoxia and Cancer Progression in Patients with Refractory Breast Cancer: Multimodal Functional Imaging and Multiplex Cytokine Analysis. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5769-5778. [PMID: 28679773 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Bevacizumab, an antibody against endothelial growth factor, is a key but controversial drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. We, therefore, aimed to determine the intrinsic resistance to bevacizumab at the physiologic and molecular levels in advanced breast cancer using PET, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI), and multiplex cytokine assays.Experimental Design: In total, 28 patients diagnosed with advanced stage III/IV breast cancer receiving single-agent bevacizumab for 1 week followed by paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO)-PET, and MRI at both baseline and two courses after treatment initiation. Hemodynamic measurement using DOSI and blood sample collection were performed at baseline and multiple times during the first week after the initiation of single-agent bevacizumab. We distinguished nonresponders from responders by serial FDG-PET based on their glycolytic changes to chemotherapy.Results: Nonresponders showed significantly higher hypoxic activity on FMISO-PET and less tumor shrinkage than responders. Hemodynamic parameters showed higher tumor blood volume and a remarkable decrease in the tissue oxygen level in nonresponders compared with responders after the infusion of single-agent bevacizumab. Multiplex cytokine assays revealed increased plasma levels of both proangiogenic and hypoxia-related inflammatory cytokines in nonresponders and decreased levels in responders.Conclusions: Nonresponders exhibited a higher degree of angiogenesis with more severe hypoxia than responders during bevacizumab treatment. These findings demonstrated that the addition of bevacizumab to paclitaxel treatment under hypoxic conditions could be ineffective and may result in acute hypoxia and increased cytokine secretion associated with cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res; 23(19); 5769-78. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Ueda
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Saeki
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Osaki
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ichiei Kuji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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175
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Kim HK, Montejo LD, Jia J, Hielscher AH. Frequency-domain optical tomographic image reconstruction algorithm with the simplified spherical harmonics (SP 3) light propagation model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES = REVUE GENERALE DE THERMIQUE 2017; 116:265-277. [PMID: 29062243 PMCID: PMC5649649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We introduce here the finite volume formulation of the frequency-domain simplified spherical harmonics model with n-th order absorption coefficients (FD-SPN) that approximates the frequency-domain equation of radiative transfer (FD-ERT). We then present the FD-SPN based reconstruction algorithm that recovers absorption and scattering coefficients in biological tissue. The FD-SPN model with 3rd order absorption coefficient (i.e., FD-SP3) is used as a forward model to solve the inverse problem. The FD-SP3 is discretized with a node-centered finite volume scheme and solved with a restarted generalized minimum residual (GMRES) algorithm. The absorption and scattering coefficients are retrieved using a limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (L-BFGS) algorithm. Finally, the forward and inverse algorithms are evaluated using numerical phantoms with optical properties and size that mimic small-volume tissue such as finger joints and small animals. The forward results show that the FD-SP3 model approximates the FD-ERT (S12) solution within relatively high accuracy; the average error in the phase (<3.7%) and the amplitude (<7.1%) of the partial current at the boundary are reported. From the inverse results we find that the absorption and scattering coefficient maps are more accurately reconstructed with the SP3 model than those with the SP1 model. Therefore, this work shows that the FD-SP3 is an efficient model for optical tomographic imaging of small-volume media with non-diffuse properties both in terms of computational time and accuracy as it requires significantly lower CPU time than the FD-ERT (S12) and also it is more accurate than the FD-SP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Keol Kim
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 660 W 168 St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ludguier D. Montejo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120 St, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jingfei Jia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Andreas H. Hielscher
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 660 W 168 St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120 St, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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176
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. McCormick
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, Washington 98195
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177
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Hebden JC, Shah R, Chitnis D. Probe for evaluating the absorbing and transport scattering properties of turbid fluids using low-cost time-of-flight technology. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:55009. [PMID: 28541448 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.5.055009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A probe is described that when immersed into a highly scattering fluid provides a measurement of its scattering and absorbing properties at a single optical wavelength. It uses recently available low-cost proximity sensor modules to estimate the mean flight times of photons diffusely transmitted between near-infrared sources and detectors at two different separations. The probe has been designed with a specific application for enabling the rapid and efficient production of fluids, which mimic the optical properties of biological tissues. The potential of the device is demonstrated using precalibrated solutions of intralipid, an intravenous nutrient, and absorbing dye. It is shown that a combination of time-of-flight measurements at two source–detector separations can uniquely specify the absorption coefficient and the transport scattering coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Hebden
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruchir Shah
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danial Chitnis
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
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178
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Nishidate I, Ishizuka T, Mustari A, Yoshida K, Kawauchi S, Sato S, Sato M. Evaluation of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Tissue Morphology of In Vivo Rat Brain Using Spectral Diffuse Reflectance Imaging. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:866-878. [PMID: 27381353 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816657569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigated a quantitative imaging of reduced scattering coefficients μs'( λ) and the absorption coefficients μa( λ) of in vivo cortical tissues in the range from visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths based on diffuse reflectance spectral imaging technique. In this method, diffuse reflectance images of in vivo cortical tissue are acquired at nine wavelengths (500, 520, 540, 560, 570, 580, 600, 730, and 760 nm). A multiple regression analysis aided by the Monte Carlo simulation for the absorbance spectra is then utilized to estimate the optical coefficients of cortical tissue. This analysis calculates the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and that of deoxygenated hemoglobin, the scattering amplitude a and the scattering power b. The spectrum of absorption coefficient is deduced from the estimated concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin. The spectrum of reduced scattering coefficient is determined by the estimated scattering amplitude and scattering power. The particle size distribution of microstructure is calculated from the estimated scattering power b for evaluating the morphological change in brain tissue quantitatively. Animal experiments with in vivo exposed brain of rats demonstrated that the responses of the absorption properties to hyperoxic and anoxic conditions are in agreement with the expected well-known cortical hemodynamics. The average particle size was significantly reduced immediately after the onset of anoxia and then it was changed into an increase, which implied the swelling and shrinkage of the cellular and subcellular structures induced by loss of tissue viability in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Nishidate
- 1 Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Graduate School of Bio-application & Systems Engineering, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishizuka
- 1 Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Graduate School of Bio-application & Systems Engineering, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Afrina Mustari
- 1 Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Graduate School of Bio-application & Systems Engineering, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Yoshida
- 1 Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Graduate School of Bio-application & Systems Engineering, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Kawauchi
- 2 National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Division of Biomedical Information Sciences, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shunichi Sato
- 2 National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Division of Biomedical Information Sciences, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Manabu Sato
- 3 Yamagata University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan
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179
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Shang Y, Li T, Yu G. Clinical applications of near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy and tomography for tissue blood flow monitoring and imaging. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:R1-R26. [PMID: 28199219 PMCID: PMC5726862 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa60b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood flow is one such available observable promoting a wealth of physiological insight both individually and in combination with other metrics. APPROACH Near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and, to a lesser extent, diffuse correlation tomography (DCT), have increasingly received interest over the past decade as noninvasive methods for tissue blood flow measurements and imaging. DCS/DCT offers several attractive features for tissue blood flow measurements/imaging such as noninvasiveness, portability, high temporal resolution, and relatively large penetration depth (up to several centimeters). MAIN RESULTS This review first introduces the basic principle and instrumentation of DCS/DCT, followed by presenting clinical application examples of DCS/DCT for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of diseases in a variety of organs/tissues including brain, skeletal muscle, and tumor. SIGNIFICANCE Clinical study results demonstrate technical versatility of DCS/DCT in providing important information for disease diagnosis and intervention monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement, North University of China, No.3 Xueyuan Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Lab Elect Thin Film & Integrated Device, University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, 514C RMB, 143 Graham Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506-0108, USA
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180
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Pogue BW, Wang KK. Cancer diagnostics: Light scattering by pancreatic cysts. Nat Biomed Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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181
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Non-invasive optical estimate of tissue composition to differentiate malignant from benign breast lesions: A pilot study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40683. [PMID: 28091596 PMCID: PMC5238417 DOI: 10.1038/srep40683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several techniques are being investigated as a complement to screening mammography, to reduce its false-positive rate, but results are still insufficient to draw conclusions. This initial study explores time domain diffuse optical imaging as an adjunct method to classify non-invasively malignant vs benign breast lesions. We estimated differences in tissue composition (oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, lipid, water, collagen) and absorption properties between lesion and average healthy tissue in the same breast applying a perturbative approach to optical images collected at 7 red-near infrared wavelengths (635–1060 nm) from subjects bearing breast lesions. The Discrete AdaBoost procedure, a machine-learning algorithm, was then exploited to classify lesions based on optically derived information (either tissue composition or absorption) and risk factors obtained from patient’s anamnesis (age, body mass index, familiarity, parity, use of oral contraceptives, and use of Tamoxifen). Collagen content, in particular, turned out to be the most important parameter for discrimination. Based on the initial results of this study the proposed method deserves further investigation.
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182
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Li Q, Xie B. Visibility Estimation Using a Single Image. COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE 2017:343-355. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7299-4_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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183
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Lange F, Dunne L, Tachtsidis I. Evaluation of Haemoglobin and Cytochrome Responses During Forearm Ischaemia Using Multi-wavelength Time Domain NIRS. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 977:67-72. [PMID: 28685429 PMCID: PMC6126221 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the ability of a 16-wavelength time domain near-infrared spectroscopy system to monitor changes in oxy- and deoxy haemoglobin ([HbO2] [HHb]) and the oxidation of cytochrome-c-oxidase ([oxCCO]), during forearm ischaemia. We tested two methods to retrieve the concentration changes. The first uses the measured changes in light attenuation and the modified Beer-Lambert law, and the second uses the absorption and scattering estimated by the measured time-point spread function. The system is able to retrieve the concentration changes with both methods, giving similar results. At the end of forearm ischaemia (t = 5 min), we measured an increase in [HHb] of 16.77 ± 2.52 and 16.37 ± 2.33 μMol, and a decrease in [HbO2] of -6.12 ± 1.62 and -5.57 ± 2.02 μMol for method 1 and 2, respectively. At that same time, the changes in [oxCCO] were -0.36 ± 0.33 and -1.40 ± 1.20 μMol, for method 1 and 2, respectively. These small changes in [oxCCO], despite a huge change in haemoglobin, demonstrate the absence of crosstalk and are comparable to previous measurements using broadband NIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Lange
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Luke Dunne
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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184
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Murayama Y, Sato Y, Hu L, Brugnera A, Compare A, Sakatani K. Relation Between Cognitive Function and Baseline Concentrations of Hemoglobin in Prefrontal Cortex of Elderly People Measured by Time-Resolved Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 977:269-276. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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185
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Sapogova N, Bredikhin V, Bityurin N, Kamensky V, Zhigarcov V, Yusupov V. Model for indirect laser surgery. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:104-111. [PMID: 28101404 PMCID: PMC5231284 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical model for laser cutting of biological tissue by a strongly heated fiber tip with a highly absorbing coating. A significant dependence of the cutting speed and cutting depth on the inclination angle of the scalpel to the surface when scattering exceeds absorption in the biological tissue is shown. Experimental evidences of this effect are presented. In the experiment, we used silica fiber with coating made of carbon and silicon organic varnish, the 0.97-µm wavelength laser and porcine skin. The additional opportunity to increase the efficiency of cutting by deposition of the absorbing layer on the tissue surface is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sapogova
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, 46 Ulyanova Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Vladimir Bredikhin
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, 46 Ulyanova Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Nikita Bityurin
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, 46 Ulyanova Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Vladislav Kamensky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, 46 Ulyanova Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Vjacheslav Zhigarcov
- Institute of Photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Center, “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Moscow 142190, Russia
| | - Vladimir Yusupov
- Institute of Photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Center, “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Moscow 142190, Russia
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186
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Rezvani Naraghi R, Dogariu A. Phase Transitions in Diffusion of Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:263901. [PMID: 28059536 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.263901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been a long time belief that, with increasing the scattering strength of multiple scattering media, the transport of light gradually slows down and, eventually, comes to a halt corresponding to a localized state. Here we present experimental evidence that different stages emerge in this evolution, which cannot be described by classical diffusion with conventional scaling arguments. A microscopic model captures the relevant aspects of electromagnetic wave propagation and explains the competing mechanisms that prevent the three-dimensional wave localization. We demonstrate that strong evanescent-field couplings hinder the localization of wave resonances and, therefore, impede the slowing down of diffusion. The emerging out of equilibrium steady-state process resembles the diffusion of classical particles in spatially correlated random potentials and the thermalization of matter waves due to atomic collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Rezvani Naraghi
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Aristide Dogariu
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
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187
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Konugolu Venkata Sekar S, Pagliazzi M, Negredo E, Martelli F, Farina A, Dalla Mora A, Lindner C, Farzam P, Pérez-Álvarez N, Puig J, Taroni P, Pifferi A, Durduran T. In Vivo, Non-Invasive Characterization of Human Bone by Hybrid Broadband (600-1200 nm) Diffuse Optical and Correlation Spectroscopies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168426. [PMID: 27997565 PMCID: PMC5172608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive in vivo diffuse optical characterization of human bone opens a new possibility of diagnosing bone related pathologies. We present an in vivo characterization performed on seventeen healthy subjects at six different superficial bone locations: radius distal, radius proximal, ulna distal, ulna proximal, trochanter and calcaneus. A tailored diffuse optical protocol for high penetration depth combined with the rather superficial nature of considered tissues ensured the effective probing of the bone tissue. Measurements were performed using a broadband system for Time-Resolved Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (TRS) to assess mean absorption and reduced scattering spectra in the 600-1200 nm range and Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) to monitor microvascular blood flow. Significant variations among tissue constituents were found between different locations; with radius distal rich of collagen, suggesting it as a prominent location for bone related measurements, and calcaneus bone having highest blood flow among the body locations being considered. By using TRS and DCS together, we are able to probe the perfusion and oxygen consumption of the tissue without any contrast agents. Therefore, we predict that these methods will be able to evaluate the impairment of the oxygen metabolism of the bone at the point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Pagliazzi
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugènia Negredo
- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Claus Lindner
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Parisa Farzam
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Pérez-Álvarez
- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Statistics and Operations Research Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Puig
- Lluita contra la Sida Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paola Taroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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188
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Askoura ML, Vaudelle F, L'Huillier JP. Multispectral measurement of scattering-angular light distribution in apple skin and flesh samples. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:9217-9225. [PMID: 27857310 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.009217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the optical properties of apple tissues such as skin and flesh is essential to better understand the light-tissue interaction process and to apply optical methods for apple quality inspection. This work aimed at estimating the anisotropy factor of thin skin and flesh samples extracted from three apple cultivars. The scattering-angular light distribution in each tissue sample was measured at four wavelengths (λ=633, 763, 784, and 852 nm), by means of a goniometer setup. Based on the recorded angular intensity I(θ,λ), the effective anisotropy factor geff of each tissue type was first estimated using the mean statistics applied to the random variable cos θ. Next, the measured data were fitted with three predefined and modified phase functions-Henyey-Greenstein (pMHG), Gegenbauer kernel (pMGK), and Mie (pMie)-in order to retrieve the corresponding anisotropy factors gMHG, gMGK, and gMMie. Typically, the anisotropy factors of skin and flesh amount to 0.6-0.8 in the above-mentioned wavelength range.
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189
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Kato S, Yoshitani K, Kubota Y, Inatomi Y, Ohnishi Y. Effect of posture and extracranial contamination on results of cerebral oximetry by near-infrared spectroscopy. J Anesth 2016; 31:103-110. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-016-2275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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190
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Di Sieno L, Zouaoui J, Hervé L, Pifferi A, Farina A, Martinenghi E, Derouard J, Dinten JM, Mora AD. Time-domain diffuse optical tomography using silicon photomultipliers: feasibility study. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:116002. [PMID: 27812705 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.11.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have been very recently introduced as the most promising detectors in the field of diffuse optics, in particular due to the inherent low cost and large active area. We also demonstrate the suitability of SiPMs for time-domain diffuse optical tomography (DOT). The study is based on both simulations and experimental measurements. Results clearly show excellent performances in terms of spatial localization of an absorbing perturbation, thus opening the way to the use of SiPMs for DOT, with the possibility to conceive a new generation of low-cost and reliable multichannel tomographic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Di Sieno
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Judy Zouaoui
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, FrancecCEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38054, France
| | - Lionel Hervé
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, FrancecCEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38054, France
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, ItalydIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Edoardo Martinenghi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Jacques Derouard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy), Pole Phitem, CS 40 700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Marc Dinten
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, FrancecCEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38054, France
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
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191
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Martin C, Ben-Yakar A. Determination of scattering properties and damage thresholds in tissue using ultrafast laser ablation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:115004. [PMID: 27901549 PMCID: PMC5127827 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.11.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast laser surgery of tissue requires precise knowledge of the tissue’s optical properties to control the extent of subsurface ablation. Here, we present a method to determine the scattering lengths, ?s, and fluence thresholds, Fth, in multilayered and turbid tissue by finding the input energies required to initiate ablation at various depths in each tissue layer. We validated the method using tissue-mimicking phantoms and applied it to porcine vocal folds, which consist of an epithelial (ep) layer and a superficial lamina propia (SLP) layer. Across five vocal fold samples, we found ?s,ep=51.0±3.9???m, Fth,ep=1.78±0.08??J/cm2, ?s,SLP=26.5±1.6???m, and Fth,SLP=1.14±0.12??J/cm2. Our method can enable personalized determination of tissue optical properties in a clinical setting, leading to less patient-to-patient variability and more favorable outcomes in operations, such as femto-LASIK surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Martin
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 107 West Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0800, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Adela Ben-Yakar
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 107 West Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0800, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 204 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop C2200, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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192
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Wu W, Radosevich AJ, Eshein A, Nguyen TQ, Yi J, Cherkezyan L, Roy HK, Szleifer I, Backman V. Using electron microscopy to calculate optical properties of biological samples. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:4749-4762. [PMID: 27896013 PMCID: PMC5119613 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The microscopic structural origins of optical properties in biological media are still not fully understood. Better understanding these origins can serve to improve the utility of existing techniques and facilitate the discovery of other novel techniques. We propose a novel analysis technique using electron microscopy (EM) to calculate optical properties of specific biological structures. This method is demonstrated with images of human epithelial colon cell nuclei. The spectrum of anisotropy factor g, the phase function and the shape factor D of the nuclei are calculated. The results show strong agreement with an independent study. This method provides a new way to extract the true phase function of biological samples and provides an independent validation for optical property measurement techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wu
- Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Andrew J. Radosevich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Adam Eshein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - The-Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Ji Yi
- Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Lusik Cherkezyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Hemant K. Roy
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Igal Szleifer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Vadim Backman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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193
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Cone Beam X-Ray Luminescence Tomography Imaging Based on KA-FEM Method for Small Animals. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6450124. [PMID: 27868068 PMCID: PMC5102875 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6450124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cone beam X-ray luminescence tomography can realize fast X-ray luminescence tomography imaging with relatively low scanning time compared with narrow beam X-ray luminescence tomography. However, cone beam X-ray luminescence tomography suffers from an ill-posed reconstruction problem. First, the feasibility of experiments with different penetration and multispectra in small animal has been tested using nanophosphor material. Then, the hybrid reconstruction algorithm with KA-FEM method has been applied in cone beam X-ray luminescence tomography for small animals to overcome the ill-posed reconstruction problem, whose advantage and property have been demonstrated in fluorescence tomography imaging. The in vivo mouse experiment proved the feasibility of the proposed method.
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194
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Horiuchi M, Handa Y, Abe D, Fukuoka Y. Walking economy at simulated high altitude in human healthy young male lowlanders. Biol Open 2016; 5:1408-1414. [PMID: 27744292 PMCID: PMC5087691 DOI: 10.1242/bio.019810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured oxygen consumption during walking per unit distance (Cw) values for 12 human healthy young males at six speeds from 0.667 to 1.639 m s−1 (four min per stage) on a level gradient under normobaric normoxia, moderate hypoxia (15% O2), and severe hypoxia (11% O2). Muscle deoxygenation (HHb) was measured at the vastus lateralis muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy. Economical speed which can minimize the Cw in each individual was calculated from a U-shaped relationship. We found a significantly slower economical speed (ES) under severe hypoxia [1.237 (0.056) m s−1; mean (s.d.)] compared to normoxia [1.334 (0.070) m s−1] and moderate hypoxia [1.314 (0.070) m s−1, P<0.05 respectively] with no differences between normoxia and moderate hypoxia (P>0.05). HHb gradually increased with increasing speed under severe hypoxia, while it did not increase under normoxia and moderate hypoxia. Changes in HHb between standing baseline and the final minute at faster gait speeds were significantly related to individual ES (r=0.393 at 1.250 m s−1, r=0.376 at 1.444 m s−1, and r=0.409 at 1.639 m s−1, P<0.05, respectively). These results suggested that acute severe hypoxia slowed ES by ∼8%, but moderate hypoxia left ES unchanged. Summary: Acute severe hypoxia slowed the economical speed (ES) which can minimize energy cost of walking. Muscle O2 extraction may be one of the determining factors of an individual's ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Horiuchi
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Kami-yoshida 5597-1, Fuji-yoshida-city, Yamanashi 4030005, Japan
| | - Yoko Handa
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Kami-yoshida 5597-1, Fuji-yoshida-city, Yamanashi 4030005, Japan
| | - Daijiro Abe
- Center for Health and Sports Science, Kyushu Sangyo University, Matsukadai 2-3-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 8138503, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Fukuoka
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Tatara 1-3, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 6100394, Japan
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195
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Near-Infrared Fluorescence-Enhanced Optical Tomography. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5040814. [PMID: 27803924 PMCID: PMC5075630 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging using near-infrared (NIR) light developed for in vivo molecular targeting and reporting of cancer provides promising opportunities for diagnostic imaging. The current state of the art of NIR fluorescence-enhanced optical tomography is reviewed in the context of the principle of fluorescence, the different measurement schemes employed, and the mathematical tools established to tomographically reconstruct the fluorescence optical properties in various tissue domains. Finally, we discuss the recent advances in forward modeling and distributed memory parallel computation to provide robust, accurate, and fast fluorescence-enhanced optical tomography.
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196
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Mu Y, Pera V, Niedre M. Multiplexed fluorescence mediated tomography with temporal and spectral data. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:105001. [PMID: 27699390 PMCID: PMC5047956 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.10.105001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed an algorithm for multiplexed fluorescence tomographic imaging of at least four fluorophores concurrently in the red and near-infrared wavelength region by jointly using spectral and temporal data. We report the design of a fluorescence tomography instrument that acquires spectral and temporal data, and validate its use in tissue-mimicking phantoms with four embedded fluorescent targets with highly overlapped spectral signatures. Critically, this requires measurement or computation of extended fluorophore signature libraries, which capture the variability in the measured signal due to the unknown position of the targets in the media. We demonstrate that we can demix and tomographically image all four fluorophores with zero image cross-talk, and 1 mm or better spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Mu
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Vivian Pera
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mark Niedre
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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197
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van der Kooij HM, Fokkink R, van der Gucht J, Sprakel J. Quantitative imaging of heterogeneous dynamics in drying and aging paints. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34383. [PMID: 27682840 PMCID: PMC5041151 DOI: 10.1038/srep34383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drying and aging paint dispersions display a wealth of complex phenomena that make their study fascinating yet challenging. To meet the growing demand for sustainable, high-quality paints, it is essential to unravel the microscopic mechanisms underlying these phenomena. Visualising the governing dynamics is, however, intrinsically difficult because the dynamics are typically heterogeneous and span a wide range of time scales. Moreover, the high turbidity of paints precludes conventional imaging techniques from reaching deep inside the paint. To address these challenges, we apply a scattering technique, Laser Speckle Imaging, as a versatile and quantitative tool to elucidate the internal dynamics, with microscopic resolution and spanning seven decades of time. We present a toolbox of data analysis and image processing methods that allows a tailored investigation of virtually any turbid dispersion, regardless of the geometry and substrate. Using these tools we watch a variety of paints dry and age with unprecedented detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne M van der Kooij
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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198
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Murashige T, Sakota D, Kosaka R, Nishida M, Kawaguchi Y, Yamane T, Maruyama O. Plasma Skimming in a Spiral Groove Bearing of a Centrifugal Blood Pump. Artif Organs 2016; 40:856-66. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Murashige
- Graduate School of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science; Chiba Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Ryo Kosaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishida
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tsukuba Japan
| | | | - Takashi Yamane
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Osamu Maruyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tsukuba Japan
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Pifferi A, Contini D, Mora AD, Farina A, Spinelli L, Torricelli A. New frontiers in time-domain diffuse optics, a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:091310. [PMID: 27311627 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments in time-domain diffuse optics that rely on physical concepts (e.g., time-gating and null distance) and advanced photonic components (e.g., vertical cavity source-emitting laser as light sources, single photon avalanche diode, and silicon photomultipliers as detectors, fast-gating circuits, and time-to-digital converters for acquisition) are focused. This study shows how these tools could lead on one hand to compact and wearable time-domain devices for point-of-care diagnostics down to the consumer level and on the other hand to powerful systems with exceptional depth penetration and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
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200
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Hoshi Y, Yamada Y. Overview of diffuse optical tomography and its clinical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:091312. [PMID: 27420810 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.091312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (DOT), one of the most sophisticated optical imaging techniques for observations through biological tissue, allows 3-D quantitative imaging of optical properties, which include functional and anatomical information. With DOT, it is expected to be possible to overcome the limitations of conventional near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as well as offering the potential for diagnostic optical imaging. However, DOT has been under development for more than 30 years, and the difficulties in development are attributed to the fact that light is strongly scattered and that diffusive photons are used for the image reconstruction. The DOT algorithm is based on the techniques of inverse problems. The radiative transfer equation accurately describes photon propagation in biological tissue, while, because of its high computation load, the diffusion equation (DE) is often used as the forward model. However, the DE is invalid in low-scattering and/or highly absorbing regions and in the vicinity of light sources. The inverse problem is inherently ill-posed and highly undetermined. Here, we first summarize NIRS and then describe various approaches in the efforts to develop accurate and efficient DOT algorithms and present some examples of clinical applications. Finally, we discuss the future prospects of DOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hoshi
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Optics, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yukio Yamada
- University of Electro-Communications, Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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