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Kosmalski M, Pękala-Wojciechowska A, Sut A, Pietras T, Luzak B. Dietary Intake of Polyphenols or Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Its Relationship with Metabolic and Inflammatory State in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051083. [PMID: 35268058 PMCID: PMC8912460 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between polyphenol or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) consumption and the selected metabolic and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods: The study enrolled 129 diabetics (49 men, mean age 64.1 ± 9.8 years) with different amounts of polyphenol and PUFAs consumption. Results: A significant effect of polyphenol or PUFAs omega-3 consumption on fasting glucose concentration (FG) or glycated haemoglobin fraction (HbA1c) was reported. A negative association was observed between FG and total polyphenol, flavonoid, flavan-3-ol and stilbene intake. In the group with high flavonoid intake, the FG was significantly lower compared to the group characterised by low flavonoid intake. Polyphenols, except stilbenes, did not modulate HbA1c. Additionally, higher consumption of PUFAs omega-3 significantly decreased HbA1c, and the intake of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids negatively and significantly correlated with FG and HbA1c. Further analysis confirmed a significant association between EPA + DHA intake and HbA1c, with significant interactions with age and gender or with body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. The dietary intake of polyphenols or PUFAs was independent of familial diabetes or diabetic diet application. Conclusions: Our study indicates a positive effect of high consumption of flavonoids, omega-3 PUFAs and stilbenes on the markers of carbohydrate metabolism balance and the absence of such an effect on other cardiometabolic markers and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.L.); Tel.: +48-728-358-504 (M.K.)
| | - Anna Pękala-Wojciechowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Sut
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-235 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
| | - Bogusława Luzak
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-235 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.L.); Tel.: +48-728-358-504 (M.K.)
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152
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Papadokostaki E, Tentolouris A, Anastasiou IA, Psichogiou M, Iliaki E, Eleftheriadou I, Hatzakis A, Tentolouris N. Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in People with Diabetes: A Prospective Observational Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030382. [PMID: 35335014 PMCID: PMC8954340 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy against severe SARS-CoV-2. However, data regarding immune response in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) after vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine are limited. In this prospective observational study, we examined humoral immune response in participants with and without DM after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. A total of 174 participants (58 with and 116 without diabetes, matched for age) were included. Antibodies were measured 21 days after the first dose, 7−15 days after the second dose, and 70−75 days after the second and before the third dose of the vaccine. Antibodies were measured by an anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain IgG (Abs-RBD-IgG) assay by a chemiluminescent microparticle immune assay; values > 50 AU/mL are considered protective from severe disease. Almost 17% of participants with DM did not develop adequate humoral immune response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine after the first dose; however, it was high and similar after the second dose in both participants with and without DM and remained so almost 2 months after the second dose of the vaccine. Geometric mean values of Abs-RBD-IgG were not significantly different between participants with and without DM during the study. At least two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine are necessary to ensure adequate and sustainable immune response in people with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Papadokostaki
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (E.P.); (A.T.); (I.A.A.); (I.E.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 715 00 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (E.P.); (A.T.); (I.A.A.); (I.E.)
| | - Ioanna A. Anastasiou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (E.P.); (A.T.); (I.A.A.); (I.E.)
| | - Mina Psichogiou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Iliaki
- Microbiology Department, General Hospital of Heraklion, Venizeleio, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (E.P.); (A.T.); (I.A.A.); (I.E.)
| | - Angelos Hatzakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece;
- Hellenic Scientific Society for the Study of AIDS, Sexually Transmitted and Emerging Diseases, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (E.P.); (A.T.); (I.A.A.); (I.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-213-206-1061
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153
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Tian F, Huang S, Xu W, Chen L, Su J, Ni H, Feng X, Chen J, Wang X, Huang Q. Compound K attenuates hyperglycemia by enhancing glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through activating TGR5 via the remodeling of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:780-789. [PMID: 36312739 PMCID: PMC9597441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Incretin impairment, characterized by insufficient secretion of L-cell-derived glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is a defining step of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ginsenoside compound K (CK) can stimulate GLP-1 secretion; however, the potential mechanism underlying this effect has not been established. Methods CK (40 mg/kg) was administered orally to male db/db mice for 4 weeks. The body weight, oral glucose tolerance, GLP-1 secretion, gut microbiota sequencing, bile acid (BA) profiles, and BA synthesis markers of each subject were then analyzed. Moreover, TGR5 expression was evaluated by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, and L-cell lineage markers involved in L-cell abundance were analyzed. Results CK ameliorated obesity and impaired glucose tolerance in db/db mice by altering the gut microbiota, especially Ruminococcaceae family, and this changed microbe was positively correlated with secondary BA synthesis. Additionally, CK treatment resulted in the up-regulation of CYP7B1 and CYP27A1 and the down-regulation of CYP8B1, thereby shifting BA biosynthesis from the classical pathway to the alternative pathway. CK altered the BA pool by mainly increasing LCA and DCA. Furthermore, CK induced L-cell number expansion leading to enhanced GLP-1 release through TGR5 activation. These increases were supported by the upregulation of genes governing GLP-1 secretion and L-cell differentiation. Conclusions The results indicate that CK improves glucose homeostasis by increasing L-cell numbers, which enhances GLP-1 release through a mechanism partially mediated by the gut microbiota-BA-TGR5 pathway. Therefore, that therapeutic attempts with CK might be useful for patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Tian
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangda Xu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan Chen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianming Su
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haixiang Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medicine University. Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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154
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Yang L, Liu D, Yan H, Chen K. Dapagliflozin attenuates cholesterol overloading-induced injury in mice hepatocytes with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via eliminating oxidative damages. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:641-654. [PMID: 35100086 PMCID: PMC8942414 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2031429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol overloading-induced damages on hepatocytes cause liver dysfunctions, which further damages cholesterol metabolism and results in visceral fat accumulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor Dapagliflozin has been reported to regulate cholesterol levels in T2DM patients, but the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. In the present study, we initially established in vivo T2DM mice models, and our results showed that both free cholesterol (FC) and cholesteryl ester (CE) were accumulated, while the pro-proliferation associated genes were downregulated in T2DM mice liver tissues, which were reversed by Dapagliflozin co-treatment. Similarly, the mice primary hepatocytes were loaded with cholesterol to establish in vitro models, and we expectedly found that Dapagliflozin attenuated cholesterol-overloading induced cytotoxicity and cellular senescence in the hepatocytes. Then, we noticed that oxidative damages occurred in T2DM mice liver tissues and cholesterol treated hepatocytes, which could be suppressed by Dapagliflozin. Also, elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) recovered cellular functions of hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the potential underlying mechanisms were uncovered, and our data suggested that Dapagliflozin activated the anti-oxidant Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in mice hepatocytes, and silencing of Nrf2 abrogated the protective effects of Dapagliflozin on cholesterol-overloaded hepatocytes. Collectively, we concluded that Dapagliflozin recovered cholesterol metabolism functions in T2DM mice liver via activating the anti-oxidant Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and our data supported that Dapagliflozin was a potential therapeutic drug to eliminate cholesterol-induced cytotoxicity during T2DM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Hongqin Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Kaixia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Jingjiang, China,CONTACT Kaixia Chen Department of Pharmacy, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Jingjiang, China
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Rosinidin Flavonoid Ameliorates Hyperglycemia, Lipid Pathways and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030547. [PMID: 35335923 PMCID: PMC8953600 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the world’s most important public health issues, impacting both public health and socioeconomic advancement; moreover, current pharmacotherapy is still insufficient. The natural flavonoid rosinidin has a long history of use in pharmaceuticals and nutritional supplements, but its role in diabetes has been unknown. The current study was intended to confirm the anti-diabetic activity of rosinidin in our laboratory setting, along with its mechanism. Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, ip) treatment used to induce type II diabetes in rats and the test medication rosinidin was then administered orally (at doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Treatment with rosinidin reduced negative consequences of diabetes. Rosinidin exerted a protective effect on a number of characteristics, including anti-diabetic responses (lower blood glucose, higher serum insulin and improved pancreatic function) and molecular mechanisms (favorable effects on lipid profiles, total protein, albumin, liver glycogen, proinflammatory cytokine, antioxidant and oxidative stress markers, AST, ALT and urea). Furthermore, the improved pancreatic architecture observed in tissues substantiated the favourable actions of rosinidin in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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156
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Gajecki D, Doroszko A, Trocha M, Giniewicz K, Kujawa K, Skarupski M, Gawryś J, Matys T, Szahidewicz-Krupska E, Rola P, Stachowska B, Halupczok-Żyła J, Adamik B, Kaliszewski K, Kilis-Pstrusinska K, Letachowicz K, Matera-Witkiewicz A, Pomorski M, Protasiewicz M, Madziarski M, Konikowska K, Remiorz A, Orłowska M, Proc K, Szymala-Pedzik M, Zorawska J, Lindner K, Sokołowski J, Jankowska EA, Madziarska K. Usefulness of the C 2HEST Score in Predicting the Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Cohorts. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030873. [PMID: 35160324 PMCID: PMC8836928 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is among the most frequent comorbidities worsening COVID-19 outcome. Nevertheless, there are no data regarding the optimal risk stratification of patients with diabetes and COVID-19. Since individual C2HEST components reflect the comorbidities, we assumed that the score could predict COVID-19 outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 2184 medical records of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at the medical university center were analyzed, including 473 diabetic patients and 1666 patients without any glucose or metabolic abnormalities. The variables of patients' baseline characteristics were retrieved to calculate the C2HEST score and subsequently the diabetic and non-diabetic subjects were assigned to the following categories: low-, medium- or high-risk. The measured outcomes included: in-hospital mortality; 3-month and 6-month all-cause mortality; non-fatal end of hospitalization (discharged home/sudden-deterioration/rehabilitation) and adverse in-hospital clinical events. RESULTS A total of 194 deaths (41%) were reported in the diabetic cohort, including 115 in-hospital deaths (24.3%). The 3-month and 6-month in-hospital mortality was highest in the high-risk C2HEST stratum. The C2HEST score revealed to be more sensitive in non-diabetic-group. The estimated six-month survival probability for high-risk subjects reached 0.4 in both cohorts whereas for the low-risk group, the six-month survival probability was 0.7 in the diabetic vs. 0.85 in the non-diabetic group-levels which were maintained during whole observation period. In both cohorts, receiver operating characteristics revealed that C2HEST predicts the following: cardiogenic shock; acute heart failure; myocardial injury; and in-hospital acute kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the usefulness and performance of the C2HEST score in predicting the adverse COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Gajecki
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.G.); (J.G.); (T.M.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.G.); (J.G.); (T.M.); (E.S.-K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Małgorzata Trocha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicz-Radecki Street 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Giniewicz
- Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, K. Marcinkowski Street 2-6, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Kujawa
- Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, K. Marcinkowski Street 2-6, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Marek Skarupski
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego Street 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jakub Gawryś
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.G.); (J.G.); (T.M.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Tomasz Matys
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.G.); (J.G.); (T.M.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Ewa Szahidewicz-Krupska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.G.); (J.G.); (T.M.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Piotr Rola
- Department of Cardiology, Provincial Specialized Hospital, Iwaszkiewicza 5 Street, 59-220 Legnica, Poland;
| | - Barbara Stachowska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwik Pasteur 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.S.); (J.H.-Ż.)
| | - Jowita Halupczok-Żyła
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwik Pasteur 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.S.); (J.H.-Ż.)
| | - Barbara Adamik
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kaliszewski
- Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kilis-Pstrusinska
- Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Letachowicz
- Clinical Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.L.); or (K.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz
- Laboratory of Biological Activity Tests and Collection of Biological Material, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Michał Pomorski
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Protasiewicz
- Clinical Department and Clinic of Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Madziarski
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Konikowska
- Department of Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Parkowa Street 34, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Agata Remiorz
- Clinical Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw University Hospital, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maja Orłowska
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw University Hospital, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Proc
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw University Hospital, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Szymala-Pedzik
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.-P.); (J.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Joanna Zorawska
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.-P.); (J.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Karolina Lindner
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.-P.); (J.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Janusz Sokołowski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa A. Jankowska
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Madziarska
- Clinical Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.L.); or (K.M.)
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157
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Evaluating Possible Mechanisms Linking Obesity to COVID-19: a Narrative Review. Obes Surg 2022; 32:1689-1700. [PMID: 35113309 PMCID: PMC8811344 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, pneumonia caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic. To date, there is no specific antiviral treatment for the disease, and universal access to the vaccine is a serious challenge. Some observational studies have shown that COVID-19 is more common in countries with a high prevalence of obesity and that people with COVID-19 have a higher body mass index. In these studies, obesity increased the risk of disease, as well as its severity and mortality. This study aimed to review the mechanisms that link obesity to COVID-19.
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158
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Tseng CH. Pioglitazone and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:285-295. [PMID: 35177899 PMCID: PMC8843794 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s345796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pioglitazone’s effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has rarely been studied. Purpose This retrospective observational study investigated whether the use of pioglitazone would affect the risk of COPD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods The Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database was used to enroll 9487 matched pairs of ever users and never users of pioglitazone based on propensity score from a cohort of 350,536 patients. The enrolled patients had a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus between 1999 and 2008 and were not having a diagnosis of COPD before January 1, 2009. They were then followed up for COPD, starting from January 1, 2009 until December 31, 2011. Diagnosis of COPD was based on the codes of 491 for chronic bronchitis and 492 for emphysema based on the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios. The interactions between pioglitazone and COPD risk factors including pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and tobacco abuse were also investigated. Results In 9487 never users and 9487 ever users of pioglitazone, the case numbers of incident COPD were 359 and 295, respectively. The respective incidence rates of COPD were 1484.73 and 1167.61 per 100,000 person-years. The overall hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for COPD that compared ever to never users was 0.778 (0.667–0.908). The hazard ratios for the tertiles of cumulative duration of pioglitazone therapy (cutoffs: <11.0, 11.0–19.6 and >19.6 months) to never users were 0.904 (0.729–1.121), 0.727 (0.578–0.914) and 0.715 (0.570–0.896), respectively. No interactions between pioglitazone and COPD risk factors including pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and tobacco abuse were noted. Conclusion Pioglitazone use is associated with a significantly lower risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiao Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Chin-Hsiao Tseng, Tel/Fax +886 2 2388 3578, Email
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Agrafioti P, Morin-Baxter J, Tanagala KKK, Dubey S, Sims P, Lalla E, Momen-Heravi F. Decoding the role of macrophages in periodontitis and type 2 diabetes using single-cell RNA-sequencing. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22136. [PMID: 35032412 PMCID: PMC8881186 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101198r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are resident myeloid cells in the gingival tissue which control homeostasis and play a pivotal role in orchestrating the immune response in periodontitis. Cell heterogeneity and functional phenotypes of macrophage subpopulations in periodontitis remain elusive. Here, we isolated gingival tissue from periodontitis-affected and healthy sites of patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We then used single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to define the heterogeneity of tissue-resident macrophages in gingival tissue in health vs. periodontitis. scRNA-seq demonstrated an unforeseen gene expression heterogeneity among macrophages in periodontitis and showed transcriptional and signaling heterogeneity of identified subsets in an independent cohort of patients with periodontitis and T2DM. Our bioinformatic inferences indicated divergent expression profiles in macrophages driven by transcriptional regulators CIITA, RELA, RFX5, and RUNX2. Macrophages in periodontitis expressed both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers and their polarization was not mutually exclusive. The majority of macrophages in periodontitis expressed the monocyte lineage marker CD14, indicating their bone marrow lineage. We also found high expression and activation of RELA, a subunit of the NF-κB transcription factor complex, in gingival macrophages of periodontitis patients with T2DM. Our data suggested that heterogeneity and hyperinflammatory activation of macrophages may be relevant to the pathogenesis and outcomes of periodontitis, and may be further augmented in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Agrafioti
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Morin-Baxter
- Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA,Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kranthi K. K. Tanagala
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sunil Dubey
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Evanthia Lalla
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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160
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Mechanistic Insight into Oxidative Stress-Triggered Signaling Pathways and Type 2 Diabetes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030950. [PMID: 35164215 PMCID: PMC8840622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a metabolic dysfunction mediated by the imbalance between the biochemical processes leading to elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense system of the body. It has a ubiquitous role in the development of numerous noncommunicable maladies including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, aging and respiratory diseases. Diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction may be influenced by changes in the redox balance. Lately, there has been increasing awareness and evidence that diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 diabetes, is significantly modulated by oxidative stress. DM is a state of impaired metabolism characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action, or both. ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and the superoxide anion introduce chemical changes virtually in all cellular components, causing deleterious effects on the islets of β-cells, in turn affecting insulin production. Under hyperglycemic conditions, various signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ) and protein kinase C (PKC) are also activated by ROS. All of these can be linked to a hindrance in insulin signaling pathways, leading to insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays a substantial role in complications including diabetic nephropathy. DM patients are more prone to microvascular as well as atherosclerotic macrovascular diseases. This systemic disease affects most countries around the world, owing to population explosion, aging, urbanization, obesity, lifestyle, etc. However, some modulators, with their free radical scavenging properties, can play a prospective role in overcoming the debilitating effects of OS. This review is a modest approach to summarizing the basics and interlinkages of oxidative stress, its modulators and diabetes mellitus. It may add to the understanding of and insight into the pathophysiology of diabetes and the crucial role of antioxidants to weaken the complications and morbidity resulting from this chronic disease.
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161
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Zhang T, Liu Y, Ge Z, Tian D, Lin L, Zhao Z, Shen Y, Yu X, Feng Y, Qiang C, Duan J, Ma Y, Fan T, Zhao Y, Chen Z. Predictive Value of Triglyceride-Glucose Index for In-hospital Mortality in Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: A Multi-Center Observational Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:768101. [PMID: 35059413 PMCID: PMC8763701 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.768101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a reliable indicator for insulin resistance and proved to be closely associated with the severity and mortality risk of infectious diseases. It remains indistinct whether TyG index performs an important role in predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Methods: The current study retrospectively recruited patients who were admitted for SFTS from January to December 2019 at five medical centers. TyG index was calculated in accordance with the description of previous study: Ln [fasting triglyceride (TG) (mg/dl) × fasting blood glucose (FBG) (mg/dl)/2]. The observational endpoint of the present study was defined as the in-hospital death. Results: In total, 79 patients (64.9 ± 10.5 years, 39.2% female) who met the enrollment criteria were enrolled in the current study. During the hospitalization period, 17 (21.5%) patients died in the hospital. TyG index remained a significant and independent predictor for in-hospital death despite being fully adjusted for confounders, either being taken as a nominal [hazard ratio (HR) 5.923, 95% CI 1.208–29.036, P = 0.028] or continuous (HR 7.309, 95% CI 1.854–28.818, P = 0.004) variate. TyG index exhibited a moderate-to-high strength in predicting in-hospital death, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.821 (95% CI 0.712–0.929, P < 0.001). The addition of TyG index displayed significant enhancement on the predictive value for in-hospital death beyond a baseline model, manifested as increased AUC (baseline model: 0.788, 95% CI 0.676–0.901 vs. + TyG index 0.866, 95% CI 0.783–0.950, P for comparison = 0.041), increased Harrell's C-index (baseline model: 0.762, 95% CI 0.645–0.880 vs. + TyG index 0.813, 95% CI 0.724–0.903, P for comparison = 0.035), significant continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) (0.310, 95% CI 0.092–0.714, P = 0.013), and significant integrated discrimination improvement (0.111, 95% CI 0.008–0.254, P = 0.040). Conclusion: Triglyceride-glucose index, a novel indicator simply calculated from fasting TG and FBG, is strongly and independently associated with the risk of in-hospital death in patients with SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanni Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Disease, Yantai, China
| | - Ziruo Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Disease, Yantai, China
| | - Zhenghua Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dandong Infectious Disease Hospital, Dandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dandong Infectious Disease Hospital, Dandong, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Chunqian Qiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Disease, Yantai, China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qing Dao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qing Dao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianli Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qing Dao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dandong Infectious Disease Hospital, Dandong, China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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162
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Cui H, Wang Y, Yang S, He G, Jiang Z, Gang X, Wang G. Antidiabetic Medications and the Risk of Prostate Cancer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106094. [PMID: 35074527 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidiabetic medications (ADMs) may modify prostate cancer (PCa) risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Accordingly, the current study assessed the possible associations between ADMs and the risk of PCa in diabetics. METHODS A systematic literature search (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) identified studies evaluating the associations between ADMs and incidence of PCa. A meta-analysis followed PRISMA was performed using odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect measures. RESULTS In total of 47 studies involving 3,094,152 patients with diabetes were included. Results of meta-analysis of the observational studies suggested no significant association between metformin, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, insulin or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors administration and the risk of PCa (All p-values > 0.05). Separate analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed a significant reduction in PCa risk with thiazolidinediones (OR = 0.55, p = 0.04) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) administration (OR = 0.53, p = 0.006), whereas no significant association was found in SGLT2 inhibitors (p = 0.3). CONCLUSION Thiazolidinediones or GLP-1RA administration may have benefits in PCa based on RCTs, however, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guangyu He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zongmiao Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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163
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Negrini TDC, Carlos IZ, Duque C, Caiaffa KS, Arthur RA. Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors-An Overview. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:697428. [PMID: 35048037 PMCID: PMC8757730 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.697428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate the interplay between the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this review also aimed to investigate how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act in promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic and oral conditions. We found that poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on the immune system of affected individuals, leading to a deficient immune response or to an exacerbation of the inflammatory response exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations in the oral microbiome since poor glycemic control is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of individuals with DM. A bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM has been suggested: DM patients may have an exaggerated inflammatory response, poor repair and bone resorption that aggravates periodontal disease whereas the increased levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators found in individuals affected with periodontal disease exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent an aggravating factor for individuals with DM. Individuals with DM tend to have low salivary flow and a high prevalence of xerostomia, but the association between prevalence/experience of dental caries and DM is still unclear. DM has also been associated to the development of lesions in the oral mucosa, especially potentially malignant ones and those associated with fungal infections. Obesity plays an important role in the induction and progression of DM. Co-affected obese and DM individuals tend to present worse oral health conditions. A decrease in HDL and, an increase in triglycerides bloodstream levels seem to be associated with an increase on the load of periodontopathogens on oral cavity. Moreover, DM may increase the likelihood of halitosis. Prevalence of impaired taste perception and impaired smell recognition tend to be greater in DM patients. An important interplay among oral cavity microbiome, DM, obesity and hypertension has been proposed as the reduction of nitrate into nitrite, in addition to contribute to lowering of blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress and increases insulin secretion, being these effects desirable for the control of obesity and DM. Women with PCOS tend to present a distinct oral microbial composition and an elevated systemic response to selective members of this microbial community, but the association between oral microbiome, PCOS are DM is still unknown. The results of the studies presented in this review suggest the interplay among the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, host immune response and DM and some of the DM associated risk factors exist. DM individuals need to be encouraged and motivated for an adequate oral health care. In addition, these results show the importance of adopting multidisciplinary management of DM and of strengthening physicians-dentists relationship focusing on both systemic and on oral cavity conditions of DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Cássia Negrini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Duque
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Karina Sampaio Caiaffa
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alex Arthur
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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164
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Dwipajati D, Widajati E, Ainaya AF, Novanda RD. Potential of Indonesian Community Food Sources which are Rich in Fiber as an Alternative Staple Food for Type 2 Diabetics: A Scoping Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Staple foods as a source of carbohydrates contribute most of human energy needs. Based on Perkeni’s recommendation, diabetic patients can consume at least 45–60% of carbohydrate sources. In addition, several previous studies have shown that increasing the adequacy of dietary fiber above 20–25 g/day can improve glycemic control.
AIM: Our scoping review investigated the potential of Indonesian food sources, namely, sorghum and corn as a source of carbohydrates and also fiber as a substitute rice for diabetic patients.
METHODS: We systematically used electronic databases searched such as PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Portal Garuda, Sinta Ristekbrin, and Google Scholar. We choose the relevant documents used experimental animals and humans’ studies then published between 2011 and 2021.
RESULTS: In total, 17 relevant articles discuss the relationship between giving corn or sorghum with blood glucose levels of animal studies and human. Some studies showed that the effect of eating sorghum or its derivatives can reduce blood glucose. As well as, the other articles indicated eating corn or its derivatives also decrease glycemic response of healthy people and experimental animals. Corn and sorghum contain dietary fiber in the form of resistant starch and have low glycemic index compare with white rice. Furthermore, corn also contains essential fat, mineral, β-Carotene, and isoflavone, while sorghum also includes phenolic components such as phenolic acids and flavonoids.
CONCLUSIONS: Sorghum and corn have the potential as an alternative staple food to achieve a better glycemic response in diabetic patients.
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Goswami T, Krishnamurthy M, Varghese S. A study on the pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-sensitivity patterns in urinary tract infection among diabetes patients at a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala. JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_15_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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166
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Marfella R, D'Onofrio N, Sardu C, Scisciola L, Maggi P, Coppola N, Romano C, Messina V, Turriziani F, Siniscalchi M, Maniscalco M, Boccalatte M, Napolitano G, Salemme L, Marfella LV, Basile E, Montemurro MV, Papa C, Frascaria F, Papa A, Russo F, Tirino V, Papaccio G, Galdiero M, Sasso FC, Barbieri M, Rizzo MR, Balestrieri ML, Angelillo IF, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Does poor glycaemic control affect the immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes: The CAVEAT study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:160-165. [PMID: 34494705 PMCID: PMC8653151 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNaples
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Department of Infectious DiseasesSant'Anna HospitalCasertaItaly
| | - Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Ciro Romano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | | | - Fabrizio Turriziani
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Mario Siniscalchi
- Rehabilitation Cardiology UnitAORN “A. Cardarelli ”of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Rehabilitation Pneumology UnitICS Maugeri‐IRCCS of TeleseTelese TermeItaly
| | - Marco Boccalatte
- Cardiology‐UTIC‐Hemodynamic Unit“S.M. delle Grazie” Pozzuoli, ASL Napoli 2 NordPozzuoliItaly
| | - Giovanni Napolitano
- Cardiology‐UTIC Unit“San Giuliano” Hospital of Giugliano in Campania, ASL Napoli2 NordGiugliano in CampaniaItaly
| | - Luigi Salemme
- Hemodynamics Laboratory Unit“Montevergine” Clinic of Mercogliano (AV)MercoglianoItaly
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | | | | | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNaples
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167
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Wang Y, Wang Y. Accelerated Ovarian Aging Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Its Association With Adverse Lipid Profile. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:780979. [PMID: 35432199 PMCID: PMC9005646 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.780979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of diabetes on reproductive function is still not clearly defined. This study aimed to evaluate accelerated ovarian aging in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its association with adverse lipid profile. METHODS Female patients with T2DM (n=964) and non-T2DM controls (n=263) aging from 18-80 years were included. Levels of circulating sex hormones were measured at the follicular phase in menstruating women. We analyzed the age-specific trends in the levels of sex hormones between T2DM and controls. The correlations of sex hormones with the lipid profile, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were also evaluated. RESULTS In the temporal trends analysis, LH and FSH both started to increase obviously approximately from the age of 45 years among patients with T2DM, and displayed peaks of LH and FSH among patients with T2DM aged between 61 and 65, both of which were obviously earlier than that in non-T2DM controls and proved the accelerated ovarian aging among patients with T2DM. E2 of patients with T2DM was continuous lower than that of non-T2DM controls from approximately 45 years old, and LH and FSH of patients with T2DM were higher than those of non-T2DM controls between the age of 55 to 65 years. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that LH was positively correlated with LDL-C (Coefficient=0.156, P=0.001) and TC (Coefficient=0.134, P=0.025), and was negatively correlated with HDL-C (Coefficient =-0.065, P=0.001) in patients with T2DM aged between 51 and 60, which was independent of age, T2DM duration, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FSH, E2 and other potential confounders. Higher E2 level was significantly and independently correlated with lower LDL-C (Coefficient= -0.064, P=0.033) in patients with T2DM aged between 51 and 60. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that patients with T2DM have accelerated ovarian aging, and it is correlated with the occurrence of disturbed lipid profile in patients with T2DM. With an ever increasing number of female patients with T2DM diagnosed at younger ages, the accelerated ovarian aging and its adverse impacts in T2DM need to be carefully managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahao Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yangang Wang,
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168
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Ali H, Alterki A, Sindhu S, Alahmad B, Hammad M, Al-Sabah S, Alghounaim M, Jamal MH, Aldei A, Mairza MJ, Husain M, Deverajan S, Ahmad R, Cherian P, Alkhairi I, Alkandari A, Abubaker J, Abu-Farha M, Al-Mulla F. Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination. Front Immunol 2021; 12:752233. [PMID: 34899701 PMCID: PMC8652288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of effective vaccines for COVID-19 has been welcomed by the world with great optimism. Given their increased susceptibility to COVID-19, the question arises whether individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic conditions can respond effectively to the mRNA-based vaccine. We aimed to evaluate the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies in people with T2DM and/or other metabolic risk factors (hypertension and obesity) compared to those without. This study included 262 people (81 diabetic and 181 non-diabetic persons) that took two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA vaccine. Both T2DM and non-diabetic individuals had a robust response to vaccination as demonstrated by their high antibody titers. However, both SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies titers were lower in people with T2DM. The mean ( ± 1 standard deviation) levels were 154 ± 49.1 vs. 138 ± 59.4 BAU/ml for IgG and 87.1 ± 11.6 vs. 79.7 ± 19.5% for neutralizing antibodies in individuals without diabetes compared to those with T2DM, respectively. In a multiple linear regression adjusted for individual characteristics, comorbidities, previous COVID-19 infection, and duration since second vaccine dose, diabetics had 13.86 BAU/ml (95% CI: 27.08 to 0.64 BAU/ml, p=0.041) less IgG antibodies and 4.42% (95% CI: 8.53 to 0.32%, p=0.036) fewer neutralizing antibodies than non-diabetics. Hypertension and obesity did not show significant changes in antibody titers. Taken together, both type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals elicited strong immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine; nonetheless, lower levels were seen in people with diabetes. Continuous monitoring of the antibody levels might be a good indicator to guide personalized needs for further booster shots to maintain adaptive immunity. Nonetheless, it is important that people get their COVID-19 vaccination especially people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center (HSC), Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.,Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Abdulmohsen Alterki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, Zain and Al-Sabah Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,Medical Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait.,Animal & Imaging Core Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Barrak Alahmad
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maha Hammad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Salman Al-Sabah
- COVID-19 Research Group, Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Alghounaim
- COVID-19 Research Group, Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad H Jamal
- COVID-19 Research Group, Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ali Aldei
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad J Mairza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maitham Husain
- Planning and Follow-Up Department, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sriraman Deverajan
- National Dasman Diabetes Biobank, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Irina Alkhairi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Abdullah Alkandari
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI), Dasman, Kuwait
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Figueroa-Pizano MD, Campa-Mada AC, Carvajal-Millan E, Martinez-Robinson KG, Chu AR. The underlying mechanisms for severe COVID-19 progression in people with diabetes mellitus: a critical review. AIMS Public Health 2021; 8:720-742. [PMID: 34786431 PMCID: PMC8568590 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2021057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high incidence of comorbidities among patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The elevated prevalence of DM in the world population makes it a significant risk factor because diabetic individuals appear to be prone to clinical complications and have increased mortality rates. Here, we review the possible underlying mechanisms involved in DM that led to worse outcomes in COVID-19. The impacts of hyperglycemia side effects, secondary comorbidities, weakened innate and adaptive immunity, chronic inflammation, and poor nutritional status, commonly present in DM, are discussed. The role of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor and its polymorphic variations on higher binding affinity to facilitate viral uptake in people with DM were also considered. Clinical differences between individuals with type 1 DM and type 2 DM affected by COVID-19 and the potential diabetogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Figueroa-Pizano
- Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Alma C Campa-Mada
- Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
- Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Karla G Martinez-Robinson
- Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Agustin Rascon Chu
- Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
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170
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Harbuwono DS, Handayani DOTL, Wahyuningsih ES, Supraptowati N, Ananda, Kurniawan F, Wafa S, Kristanti M, Pantoro NI, Sinto R, Kurniawan H, Rebekka, Tahapary DL. Impact of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19 clinical symptoms and mortality: Jakarta's COVID-19 epidemiological registry. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 16:65-68. [PMID: 34857490 PMCID: PMC8585608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims While the higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) at younger age in Indonesia might contribute to the relatively higher COVID-19 mortality rate in Indonesia, there were currently no available evidence nor specific policy in terms of COVID-19 prevention and management among DM patients. We aimed to find out the association between diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) with COVID-19 mortality in Indonesia. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using Jakarta Province’s COVID-19 epidemiological registry within the first 6 months of the pandemic. All COVID-19 confirmed patients, aged >15 years with known DM status were included. Patients were assessed for their clinical symptoms and mortality outcome based on their DM status. A multivariate Cox-regression test was performed to obtain the relative risk (RR) of COVID-19 mortality in the diagnosed DM group. Results Of 20,481 patients with COVID-19, 705 (3.4%) had DM. COVID-19 mortality rate in DM group was 21.28%, significantly higher compared to 2.77% mortality in the non-DM group [adjusted RR 1.98 (CI 95% 1.57–2.51), p < 0.001]. In addition, COVID-19 patients with DM generally developed more symptoms. Conclusions DM is associated not only with development of more COVID-19 clinical symptoms, but also with a higher risk of COVID-19 mortality. This finding may provide a basis for future policy regarding COVID-19 prevention and management among diabetes patients in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante S Harbuwono
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | | | | | | | - Ananda
- Jakarta Provincial Health Department, Indonesia
| | - Farid Kurniawan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Syahidatul Wafa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melly Kristanti
- Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine University Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nico I Pantoro
- Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Robert Sinto
- Division of Infection and Tropical Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Kurniawan
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rebekka
- Jakarta Provincial Health Department, Indonesia
| | - Dicky L Tahapary
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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171
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Balbaa M, El-Zeftawy M, Abdulmalek SA. Therapeutic Screening of Herbal Remedies for the Management of Diabetes. Molecules 2021; 26:6836. [PMID: 34833928 PMCID: PMC8618521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of diabetes mellitus (DM) patterns illustrates increasingly important facts. Most importantly, they include oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular death. Up to now, there is a shortage of drug therapies for DM, and the discovery and the development of novel therapeutics for this disease are crucial. Medicinal plants are being used more and more as an alternative and natural cure for the disease. Consequently, the objective of this review was to examine the latest results on the effectiveness and protection of natural plants in the management of DM as adjuvant drugs for diabetes and its complex concomitant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;
| | - Marwa El-Zeftawy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley 72511, Egypt;
| | - Shaymaa A. Abdulmalek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;
- Center of Excellency for Preclinical Study (CE-PCS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
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172
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Luong A, Tawfik AN, Islamoglu H, Gobriel HS, Ali N, Ansari P, Shah R, Hung T, Patel T, Henson B, Thankam F, Lewis J, Mintline M, Boehm T, Tumur Z, Seleem D. Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus co-morbidity: A molecular dialogue. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:360-369. [PMID: 34728373 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis are two biologically linked diseases that often coexist in complex interaction. While periodontitis may lead to insulin receptor desensitization, diabetes may increase the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6), in the gingival crevicular fluid and activate osteoclasts via Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANK-L) production, leading to bone resorption. However, the association between the two diseases processes, where one may exacerbate the progression of the other, is unclear. In addition, both diseases have similar mechanistic themes, such as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. This review aimed to investigate the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms underlying T2DM and periodontitis. HIGHLIGHT Uncontrolled diabetes is often associated with severe periodontitis, measured by clinical attachment loss. Alteration in the oral microbiome composition, which may activate the host inflammatory response and lead to irreversible oxidative stress, is a common finding in both diseases. An understanding of the molecular crosstalk between the two disease processes is crucial for developing therapeutic targets that inhibit bone resorption and halt the progression of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION The Oral microbiome composition in T2DM and periodontitis shifts toward dysbiosis, favoring bacterial pathogens, such as Fusobacteria and Porphyromonas species. Both conditions are marked by pro-inflammatory immune activity via the activation of Interleukin 17 (IL-17), Interleukin 1 (IL-1), TNF-α, and Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (NF-κB). Common molecular crosstalk signaling appears to involve advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidative stress. Thus, future drug targets are multifactorial, ranging from modulatory of host inflammatory response to preventing the accumulation of AGEs and oxidative free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Luong
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Andy Nassif Tawfik
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Hicret Islamoglu
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Hanaa Selim Gobriel
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Nada Ali
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Pouya Ansari
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Ruchita Shah
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Tiffany Hung
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Tanusha Patel
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Bradley Henson
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Finosh Thankam
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Jill Lewis
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Mark Mintline
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Tobias Boehm
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Zohra Tumur
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Dalia Seleem
- College of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA.
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173
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Cheang YZN, Ting HRD, Koh HQV, Alonso S. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of Metformin against dengue. Antiviral Res 2021; 195:105186. [PMID: 34655660 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a prevalent mosquito-borne viral infection in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. Its potential to progress into severe, life-threatening disease, has pressed the research community to develop safe, effective and affordable antivirals. Metformin (MET), a first-line antidiabetic drug and indirect AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, has recently emerged as a potential anti-DENV therapeutic candidate, based on some experimental evidence supporting anti-DENV activity in vitro and widely reported anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we examined MET in vitro activity against the four DENV serotypes and in two different mammalian cell lines. MET displayed a poor anti-DENV activity in BHK-21 cells with IC50 in the mM range, which was associated with increased p-AMPKα levels, thereby supporting that MET antiviral activity is mediated through AMPK activation. In contrast, MET exerted a pro-DENV activity in Vero cells that did not correlate with increased AMPK activation, suggesting AMPK-independent effects. Treatment with compound 991, a direct AMPK activator, led to reduced viral titers against all four serotypes and across both mammalian cell lines. In vivo, oral administration of MET did not reduce viremia titers in an asymptomatic mouse model, neither did it improve disease severity and progression in a mouse model of severe dengue. Instead, high dose regimen worsened disease outcome as evidenced by increased mortality, higher viremia and hyper-inflammation. Therefore, while AMPK may represent a potential host target, MET does not seem to hold great promise as a pan-serotype anti-dengue drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhi Nicholas Cheang
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heng Rong Donald Ting
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Qi Vanessa Koh
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvie Alonso
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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174
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Mahmoud M, Carmisciano L, Tagliafico L, Muzyka M, Rosa G, Signori A, Bassetti M, Nencioni A, Monacelli F. Patterns of Comorbidity and In-Hospital Mortality in Older Patients With COVID-19 Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:726837. [PMID: 34604262 PMCID: PMC8486012 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.726837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Older adults are more susceptible to severe COVID-19, with increased all-cause mortality. This has been attributed to their multimorbidity and disability. However, it remains to be established which clinical features of older adults are associated with severe COVID-19 and mortality. This information would aid in an accurate prognosis and appropriate care planning. Here, we aimed to identify the chronic clinical conditions and the comorbidity clusters associated with in-hospital mortality in a cohort of older COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy, between January and April 2020. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including 219 consecutive patients aged 70 years or older and is part of the GECOVID-19 study group. During the study period, upon hospital admission, demographic information (age, sex) and underlying chronic medical conditions (multimorbidity) were recorded from the medical records at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis before any antiviral or antibiotic treatment was administered. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Results: The vast majority of the patients (90%) were >80 years; the mean patient age was 83 ± 6.2 years, and 57.5% were men. Hypertension and cardiovascular disease, along with dementia, cerebrovascular diseases, and vascular diseases were the most prevalent clinical conditions. Multimorbidity was assessed with the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. The risk of in-hospital mortality due to COVID-19 was higher for males, for older patients, and for patients with dementia or cerebral-vascular disease. We clustered patients into three groups based on their comorbidity pattern: the Metabolic-renal-cancer cluster, the Neurocognitive cluster and the Unspecified cluster. The Neurocognitive and Metabolic-renal-cancer clusters had a higher mortality compared with the Unspecified cluster, independent of age and sex. Conclusion: We defined patterns of comorbidity that accurately identified older adults who are at higher risk of death from COVID-19. These associations were independent of chronological age, and we suggest that the identification of comorbidity clusters that have a common pathophysiology may aid in the early assessment of COVID-19 patients with frailty to promote timely interventions that, in turn, may result in a significantly improved prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mahmoud
- Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Carmisciano
- DISSAL, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliafico
- Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariya Muzyka
- Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Rosa
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,Cardiology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- DISSAL, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa and Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Monacelli
- Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Narasimhan A, Flores RR, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6345039. [PMID: 34363464 PMCID: PMC8386762 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, type II diabetes is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilavalli Narasimhan
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Rafael R Flores
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
- Correspondence: Laura J. Niedernhofer, MD, PhD, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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176
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Leutner M, Kaleta M, Bellach L, Kautzky A, Thurner S, Klimek P, Kautzky-Willer A. Insulin as Monotherapy and in Combination with Other Glucose-Lowering Drugs Is Related to Increased Risk of Diagnosis of Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Assessment over Two Years. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11100984. [PMID: 34683125 PMCID: PMC8537451 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk of developing infectious diseases such as pneumonia. Hitherto, there has been uncertainty as to whether there is a relationship between different antidiabetic drug combinations and development of pneumonia in this specific cohort. Research Design and Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective study we used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the odds ratios (ORs) of pneumonia during an observational period of 2 years in 31,397 patients with T2DM under previously prescribed stable antidiabetic drug combinations over a duration of 4 years in comparison to 6568 T2DM patients without drug therapy over 4 years adjusted for age, sex and hospitalization duration. Results: Of the 37,965 patients with T2DM, 3720 patients underwent stable monotherapy treatment with insulin (mean age: 66.57 ± 9.72 years), 2939 individuals (mean age: 70.62 ± 8.95 y) received stable statin and insulin therapy, and 1596 patients were treated with a stable combination therapy of metformin, insulin and statins (mean age: 68.27 ± 8.86 y). In comparison to the control group without antidiabetic drugs (mean age: 72.83 ± 9.96 y), individuals undergoing insulin monotherapy (OR: 2.07, CI: 1.54–2.79, p < 0.001); insulin and statin combination therapy (OR: 2.24, CI: 1.68–3.00, p < 0.001); metformin, insulin and statin combination therapy (OR: 2.27, CI: 1.55–3.31, p < 0.001); statin, insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-IV inhibitor) combination therapy (OR: 4.31, CI: 1.80–10.33, p = 0.001); as well as individuals treated with metformin and sulfonylureas (OR: 1.70, CI: 1.08–2.69, p = 0.02) were at increased risk of receiving a diagnosis of pneumonia. Conclusions: Stable monotherapy with insulin, but also in combination with other antidiabetic drugs, is related to an increased risk of being diagnosed with pneumonia during hospital stays in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to untreated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Leutner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (L.B.)
| | - Michaela Kaleta
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (S.T.); (P.K.)
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Strasse 39, A-1080 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luise Bellach
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (L.B.)
| | - Alexander Kautzky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Stefan Thurner
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (S.T.); (P.K.)
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Strasse 39, A-1080 Vienna, Austria
- Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 85701, USA
| | - Peter Klimek
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (S.T.); (P.K.)
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Strasse 39, A-1080 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (L.B.)
- Gender Institute, A-3571 Gars am Kamp, Austria
- Correspondence:
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177
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Balli OI, Uversky VN, Durdagi S, Coskuner-Weber O. Challenges and limitations in the studies of glycoproteins: A computational chemist's perspective. Proteins 2021; 90:322-339. [PMID: 34549826 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Experimenters face challenges and limitations while analyzing glycoproteins due to their high flexibility, stereochemistry, anisotropic effects, and hydration phenomena. Computational studies complement experiments and have been used in characterization of the structural properties of glycoproteins. However, recent investigations revealed that computational studies face significant challenges as well. Here, we introduce and discuss some of these challenges and weaknesses in the investigations of glycoproteins. We also present requirements of future developments in computational biochemistry and computational biology areas that could be necessary for providing more accurate structural property analyses of glycoproteins using computational tools. Further theoretical strategies that need to be and can be developed are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyku Irem Balli
- Molecular Biotechnology, Turkish-German University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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178
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Luan YY, Yin CH, Yao YM. Update Advances on C-Reactive Protein in COVID-19 and Other Viral Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:720363. [PMID: 34447386 PMCID: PMC8382792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.720363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest as a viral-induced hyperinflammation with multiorgan dysfunction. It has been documented that severe COVID-19 is associated with higher levels of inflammatory mediators than a mild disease, and tracking these markers may allow early identification or even prediction of disease progression. It is well known that C-reactive protein (CRP) is the acute-phase protein and the active regulator of host innate immunity, which is highly predictive of the need for mechanical ventilation and may guide escalation of treatment of COVID-19-related uncontrolled inflammation. There are numerous causes of an elevated CRP, including acute and chronic responses, and these can be infectious or non-infectious in etiology. CRP are normally lacking in viral infections, while adaptive immunity appears to be essential for COVID-19 virus clearance, and the macrophage activation syndrome may explain the high serum CRP contents and contribute to the disease progression. Nevertheless, for the assessment of host inflammatory status and identification of viral infection in other pathologies, such as bacterial sepsis, the acute-phase proteins, including CRP and procalcitonin, can provide more important information for guiding clinical diagnosis and antibiotic therapy. This review is aimed to highlight the current and most recent studies with regard to the clinical significance of CRP in severe COVID-19 and other viral associated illnesses, including update advances on the implication of CRP and its form specifically on the pathogenesis of these diseases. The progressive understanding in these areas may be translated into promising measures to prevent severe outcomes and mitigate appropriate treatment modalities in critical COVID-19 and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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179
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González-Flores J, García-Ávila C, Springall R, Brianza-Padilla M, Juárez-Vicuña Y, Márquez-Velasco R, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Ballinas-Verdugo MA, Basilio-Gálvez E, Castillo-Salazar M, Cásarez-Alvarado S, Hernández-Diazcouder A, Sánchez-Gloria JL, Sandoval J, González-Pacheco H, Tavera-Alonso C, Rojas-Velasco G, Baranda-Tovar F, Amezcua-Guerra LM. Usefulness of Easy-to-Use Risk Scoring Systems Rated in the Emergency Department to Predict Major Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163657. [PMID: 34441957 PMCID: PMC8397140 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several easy-to-use risk scoring systems have been built to identify patients at risk of developing complications associated with COVID-19. However, information about the ability of each score to early predict major adverse outcomes during hospitalization of severe COVID-19 patients is still scarce. Methods: Eight risk scoring systems were rated upon arrival at the Emergency Department, and the occurrence of thrombosis, need for mechanical ventilation, death, and a composite that included all major adverse outcomes were assessed during the hospital stay. The clinical performance of each risk scoring system was evaluated to predict each major outcome. Finally, the diagnostic characteristics of the risk scoring system that showed the best performance for each major outcome were obtained. Results: One hundred and fifty-seven adult patients (55 ± 12 years, 66% men) were assessed at admission to the Emergency Department and included in the study. A total of 96 patients (61%) had at least one major outcome during hospitalization; 32 had thrombosis (20%), 80 required mechanical ventilation (50%), and 52 eventually died (33%). Of all the scores, Obesity and Diabetes (based on a history of comorbid conditions) showed the best performance for predicting mechanical ventilation (area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.96; positive likelihood ratio (LR+), 23.7), death (AUC, 0.86; LR+, 4.6), and the composite outcome (AUC, 0.89; LR+, 15.6). Meanwhile, the inflammation-based risk scoring system (including leukocyte count, albumin, and C-reactive protein levels) was the best at predicting thrombosis (AUC, 0.63; LR+, 2.0). Conclusions: Both the Obesity and Diabetes score and the inflammation-based risk scoring system appeared to be efficient enough to be integrated into the evaluation of COVID-19 patients upon arrival at the Emergency Department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta González-Flores
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Carlos García-Ávila
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Rashidi Springall
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Malinalli Brianza-Padilla
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Yaneli Juárez-Vicuña
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Martha A. Ballinas-Verdugo
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Edna Basilio-Gálvez
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Castillo-Salazar
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Sergio Cásarez-Alvarado
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Adrián Hernández-Diazcouder
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - José L. Sánchez-Gloria
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Julio Sandoval
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
| | - Héctor González-Pacheco
- Coronary Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Claudia Tavera-Alonso
- Core Lab, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Rojas-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.R.-V.); (F.B.-T.)
| | - Francisco Baranda-Tovar
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.R.-V.); (F.B.-T.)
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.-F.); (C.G.-Á.); (R.S.); (M.B.-P.); (Y.J.-V.); (R.M.-V.); (F.S.-M.); (M.A.B.-V.); (E.B.-G.); (M.C.-S.); (S.C.-A.); (A.H.-D.); (J.L.S.-G.); (J.S.)
- Health Care Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Xochimilco, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)-5573-2911
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Behl T, Sehgal A, Grover M, Singh S, Sharma N, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Uncurtaining the pivotal role of ABC transporters in diabetes mellitus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41533-41551. [PMID: 34085197 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic disorders are the edge points for the initiation of various diseases. These disorders comprised of several diseases including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular complications. Worldwide, the prevalence of these disorders is increasing day by day. The world's population is at higher threat of developing metabolic disease, especially diabetes. Therefore, there is an impregnable necessity of searching for a newer therapeutic target to reduce the burden of these disorders. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is marked with the dysregulated insulin secretion and resistance. The lipid and glucose transporters portray a pivotal role in the metabolism and transport of both of these. The excess production of lipid and glucose and decreased clearance of these leads to the emergence of DM. The ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCT) are important for the metabolism of glucose and lipid. Various studies suggest the key involvement of ABCT in the pathologic process of different diseases. In addition, the involvement of other pathways, including IGF signaling, P13-Akt/PKC/MAPK signaling, and GLP-1 via regulation of ABCT, may help develop new treatment strategies to cope with insulin resistance dysregulated glucose metabolism, key features in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Madhuri Grover
- BS Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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181
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Kharbikar BN, Chendke GS, Desai TA. Modulating the foreign body response of implants for diabetes treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:87-113. [PMID: 33484736 PMCID: PMC8217111 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels due to patients' inability to produce sufficient insulin. Current interventions often require implants that can detect and correct high blood glucose levels with minimal patient intervention. However, these implantable technologies have not reached their full potential in vivo due to the foreign body response and subsequent development of fibrosis. Therefore, for long-term function of implants, modulating the initial immune response is crucial in preventing the activation and progression of the immune cascade. This review discusses the different molecular mechanisms and cellular interactions involved in the activation and progression of foreign body response (FBR) and fibrosis, specifically for implants used in diabetes. We also highlight the various strategies and techniques that have been used for immunomodulation and prevention of fibrosis. We investigate how these general strategies have been applied to implants used for the treatment of diabetes, offering insights on how these devices can be further modified to circumvent FBR and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan N Kharbikar
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gauree S Chendke
- University of California Berkeley - University of California San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; University of California Berkeley - University of California San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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182
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Mahrooz A, Muscogiuri G, Buzzetti R, Maddaloni E. The complex combination of COVID-19 and diabetes: pleiotropic changes in glucose metabolism. Endocrine 2021; 72:317-325. [PMID: 33886062 PMCID: PMC8060688 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the door for SARS-CoV-2, expressed in critical metabolic tissues. So, it is rational that the new virus causes pleiotropic alterations in glucose metabolism, resulting in the complication of pre-existing diabetes's pathophysiology or creating new disease mechanisms. However, it seems that less attention has been paid to this issue. This review aimed to highlight the importance of long-term consequences and pleiotropic alterations in glucose metabolism following COVID-19 and emphasize the need for basic and clinical research in metabolism and endocrinology. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 shifts cellular metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which leads to a decrease in ATP generation. Together with metabolic imbalance, the impaired immune system elevates the susceptibility of patients with diabetes to this deadly virus. SARS-CoV-2-induced metabolic alterations in immune cells can result in hyper inflammation and a cytokine storm. Metabolic dysfunction may affect therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The effective control of metabolic complications could prove useful therapeutic targets for combating COVID-19. It is also necessary to understand the long-term consequences that will affect patients with diabetes who survived COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Since the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is still mostly unknown, identifying the metabolic mechanisms contributing to its progression is essential to provide specific ways to prevent and improve this dangerous virus's detrimental effects. The findings show that the new virus may induce new-onset diabetes with uncertain metabolic and clinical features, supporting a potential role of COVID-19 in the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolkarim Mahrooz
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Diabetes Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Sezione di Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università Federico II Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaella Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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183
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Epstude J, Skiba M, Harsch IA. Antibody titers and rapid antigen testing in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia vs. staff of ICU and "Covid-19" wards. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2021; 16:Doc11. [PMID: 33796439 PMCID: PMC7982993 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The majority of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are older individuals. Age and the comorbidities typically associated with it usually go hand in hand with a less favorable course of the disease. We were interested in the antibody response in this particular patient group as well as in the results of rapid antigen testing. Methods: In 30 elderly patients (>75 years), antibody titers (IgA and IgG) against COVID-19 were measured, and rapid antigen testing was determined about 3 weeks after the onset of symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results were compared with those of a “high-risk” group consisting of “Covid-19” ward regular staff, as well as with “low-risk” staff consisting of members of the intensive care unit (ICU). The antibody titer against SARS-CoV-2 was determined by ELISA (EUROIMMUN™, PerkinElmer, Inc. Company); for rapid antigen testing, we used the SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen test (Roche®). Results: Our investigations demonstrate a robust antibody response in the majority of elderly, comorbid patients about three weeks after the onset of infection. At this timepoint, most of the results of rapid antigen testing were negative. Furthermore, in the group of employees of our clinic (“Covid-19” ward vs. the ICU staff), the prevalence of antibodies was very low and antigen testing was negative in the whole ICU group. Conclusion: Although frequently comorbid, elderly patients are capable of significantly increasing antibodies against COVID-19 about 3 weeks after the onset of infection. Since the viral load can be assumed to have been low at that point, rapid antigen testing was negative in most cases. In the test group of employees of our clinic (“Covid-19” ward vs. the ICU staff), the data demonstrate that – given adequate protective measures – the risk of infection is not higher in a “Covid-19” ward compared to other wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Epstude
- Department of Hospital Hygiene, Thuringia Clinic "Georgius Agricola", Saalfeld/Saale, Germany
| | - Marcin Skiba
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Thuringia Clinic "Georgius Agricola", Saalfeld/Saale, Germany
| | - Igor Alexander Harsch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Thuringia Clinic "Georgius Agricola", Saalfeld/Saale, Germany
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Rajamanickam A, Munisankar S, Menon PA, Nutman TB, Babu S. Diminished circulating levels of angiogenic factors and RAGE ligands in helminth-diabetes comorbidity and reversal following anthelmintic treatment. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1614-1622. [PMID: 33822083 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various epidemiological and experimental studies propose that helminths could play a preventive role against the progression of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM induces microvascular and large vessel complications mediated by elevated levels of angiogenic factors and soluble RAGE ligands. However, the interactions between helminths and host angiogenic factors and RAGE ligands are unexplored. METHODS To assess the relationship between a soil-transmitted helminth, Strongyloides stercoralis (Ss) and T2DM, we measured plasma levels of VEGF-A, C, D, Angio-1 and Angio-2 and their receptors VEGF-R1, R2 and R3 as well as sRAGE and their ligands AGE, S100A12 and HMBG-1 in individuals with T2DM with Ss+ or without Ss infection (Ss-). In Ss+ individuals, we also measured the levels of aforementioned factors 6 months following anthelmintic therapy. RESULTS Ss+ individuals exhibited significantly decreased levels of VEGF-A, C, D, Angio-1 and Angio-2 and their soluble receptors VEGF-R1, R2 and R3, that increased following anthelmintic therapy. Likewise, Ss+ individuals exhibited significantly decreased levels of AGE and their ligands sRAGE, S100A12 and HMBG-1 which reversed following anthelmintic therapy. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that Ss infection could play a beneficial role by limiting or delaying the T2DM related vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Rajamanickam
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Saravanan Munisankar
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Pradeep A Menon
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Thomas B Nutman
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India and Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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The Role of Dyslipidemia in Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6640384. [PMID: 33628242 PMCID: PMC7895570 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6640384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, characterized by metabolic abnormalities, has become an important participant in colorectal cancer (CRC). Dyslipidemia aggravates intestinal inflammation, destroys the protective mucous layer, and disrupts the balance between injury and recovery. On the other hand, antioxidants induced by oxidative stress enhance glycolysis to maintain the acquisition of ATP allowing epithelial cells with damaged genomes to survive. In the repetitive phase of colitis, survival factors enable these epithelial cells to continuously proliferate. The main purpose is to restore and rebuild damaged mucosa, mainly aiming to recover mucosal damage and reconstruct mucosa, but it is also implicated in the occurrence and malignancy of CRC. The metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis and lipid synthesis enables these transformed epithelial cells to convert raw carbohydrate and amino acid substrates, thereby synthesizing protein and phospholipid biomass. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase, responsible for the fatty acid desaturation, improves the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes, which is one of the key factors affecting metabolic rate. In response to available fat, tumor cells reprogram their metabolism to better plunder energy-rich lipids and rapidly scavenge these lipids through continuous proliferation. However, lipid metabolic disorders inhibit the function of immune-infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment through the cross-talk between tumor cells and immunosuppressive stromal cells, thereby providing opportunities for tumor progress. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and lipid-lowering drugs can decrease the formation of aberrant crypt foci, lower the burden of the adenomatous polyp, and reduce the incidence of CRC. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of dyslipidemia on tumorigenesis and tumor progression and a development prospect of lipid disorders on tumor immunity.
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186
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Pérez-Galarza J, Prócel C, Cañadas C, Aguirre D, Pibaque R, Bedón R, Sempértegui F, Drexhage H, Baldeón L. Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:102. [PMID: 33572702 PMCID: PMC7911386 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in Wuhan, China, causing outbreaks of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 that has now spread globally. For this reason, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency in March 2020. People living with pre-existing conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and chronic kidney and lung diseases, are prone to develop severe forms of disease with fatal outcomes. Metabolic diseases such as obesity and T2D alter the balance of innate and adaptive responses. Both diseases share common features characterized by augmented adiposity associated with a chronic systemic low-grade inflammation, senescence, immunoglobulin glycation, and abnormalities in the number and function of adaptive immune cells. In obese and T2D patients infected by SARS-CoV-2, where immune cells are already hampered, this response appears to be stronger. In this review, we describe the abnormalities of the immune system, and summarize clinical findings of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing conditions such as obesity and T2D as this group is at greater risk of suffering severe and fatal clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Galarza
- Research Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170201, Ecuador; (J.P.-G.); (C.C.); (D.A.); (R.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (R.B.); (F.S.)
| | | | - Cristina Cañadas
- Research Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170201, Ecuador; (J.P.-G.); (C.C.); (D.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Diana Aguirre
- Research Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170201, Ecuador; (J.P.-G.); (C.C.); (D.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Ronny Pibaque
- Research Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170201, Ecuador; (J.P.-G.); (C.C.); (D.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Ricardo Bedón
- Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (R.B.); (F.S.)
- Hospital General Docente de Calderón, Quito 170201, Ecuador
| | - Fernando Sempértegui
- Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (R.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Hemmo Drexhage
- Immunology Department, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Lucy Baldeón
- Research Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170201, Ecuador; (J.P.-G.); (C.C.); (D.A.); (R.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (R.B.); (F.S.)
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187
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Kang M, Thalji G, Huang CC, Shirazi S, Lu Y, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Macrophage Control of Incipient Bone Formation in Diabetic Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:596622. [PMID: 33569378 PMCID: PMC7868429 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both soft and hard tissue wound healing are impaired in diabetes. Diabetes negatively impacts fracture healing, bone regeneration and osseointegration of endosseous implants. The complex physiological changes associated with diabetes often manifest in immunological responses to wounding and repair where macrophages play a prominent role in determining outcomes. We hypothesized that macrophages in diabetes contribute toward impaired osseous wound healing. To test this hypothesis, we compared osseous wound healing in the mouse calvaria defect model using macrophages from C57BL/6J and db/db mice to direct osseous repair in both mouse strains. Initial analyses revealed that db/db mice macrophages showed an inflamed phenotype in its resting state. Incipient bone regeneration evaluated by μCT indicated that bone regeneration was relatively impaired in the db/db mouse calvaria and in the calvaria of C57BL/6J mice supplemented with db/db macrophages. Furthermore, osteogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells was negatively impacted by conditioned medium from db/db mice compared to C57BL/6J mice. Moreover, miR-Seq analysis revealed an altered miRNA composition in db/db macrophages with up regulated pro-inflammatory miRNAs and down regulated anti-inflammatory miRNAs. Overall, this study represents a direct step toward understanding macrophage-mediated regulation of osseous bone regeneration and its impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miya Kang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ghadeer Thalji
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sajjad Shirazi
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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188
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Polk C, Sampson MM, Roshdy D, Davidson LE. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2020; 35:183-197. [PMID: 33303332 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue infections are common in diabetics. Diabetic foot infection usually results from disruption of the skin barrier, trauma, pressure, or ischemic wounds. These wounds may become secondarily infected or lead to development of adjacent soft tissue or deeper bone infection. Clinical assessment and diagnosis of these conditions using a multidisciplinary management approach, including careful attention to antibiotic selection, lead to the best outcomes in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Polk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Mindy M Sampson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Danya Roshdy
- Antimicrobial Support Network, Division of Pharmacy, Atrium Health, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Lisa E Davidson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atrium Health, 1540 Garden Terrace, Suite 211, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.
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189
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Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Neculae E, Costea CF, Ciocoiu M, Hurjui LL, Tarniceriu CC, Maranduca MA, Lacatusu CM, Floria M, Serban IL. Genetic Basis of Tiller Dynamics of Rice Revealed by Genome-Wide Association Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123719. [PMID: 33276482 PMCID: PMC7760723 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A tiller number is the key determinant of rice plant architecture and panicle number and consequently controls grain yield. Thus, it is necessary to optimize the tiller number to achieve the maximum yield in rice. However, comprehensive analyses of the genetic basis of the tiller number, considering the development stage, tiller type, and related traits, are lacking. In this study, we sequence 219 Korean rice accessions and construct a high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset. We also evaluate the tiller number at different development stages and heading traits involved in phase transitions. By genome-wide association studies (GWASs), we detected 20 significant association signals for all traits. Five signals were detected in genomic regions near known candidate genes. Most of the candidate genes were involved in the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. In particular, HD1 was simultaneously associated with the productive tiller ratio and heading date, indicating that the photoperiodic heading gene directly controls the productive tiller ratio. Multiple linear regression models of lead SNPs showed coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.49, 0.22, and 0.41 for the tiller number at the maximum tillering stage, productive tiller number, and productive tiller ratio, respectively. Furthermore, the model was validated using independent japonica rice collections, implying that the lead SNPs included in the linear regression model were generally applicable to the tiller number prediction. We revealed the genetic basis of the tiller number in rice plants during growth, By GWASs, and formulated a prediction model by linear regression. Our results improve our understanding of tillering in rice plants and provide a basis for breeding high-yield rice varieties with the optimum the tiller number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (M.F.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelina Maria Gosav
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (M.F.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ecaterina Neculae
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Florida Costea
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- 2nd Ophthalmology Clinic, “Nicolae Oblu” Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700309 Iași, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Loredana Liliana Hurjui
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Physiology Discipline, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.L.H.); (M.A.M.); (I.L.S.)
- Hematology Laboratory, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Cristina Tarniceriu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Discipline of Anatomy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Hematology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Minela Aida Maranduca
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Physiology Discipline, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.L.H.); (M.A.M.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Cristina Mihaela Lacatusu
- Unit of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Clinical Center of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (M.F.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Emergency Military Clinical Hospital, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Lacramioara Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Physiology Discipline, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.L.H.); (M.A.M.); (I.L.S.)
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Lampasona V, Secchi M, Scavini M, Bazzigaluppi E, Brigatti C, Marzinotto I, Davalli A, Caretto A, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Molinari C, Vitali G, Di Filippo L, Mercalli A, Melzi R, Tresoldi C, Rovere-Querini P, Landoni G, Ciceri F, Bosi E, Piemonti L. Antibody response to multiple antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with diabetes: an observational cohort study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:2548-2558. [PMID: 33029657 PMCID: PMC7541098 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of the study was to characterise the humoral response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with diabetes. Demonstrating the ability to mount an appropriate antibody response in the presence of hyperglycaemia is relevant for the comprehension of mechanisms related to the observed worse clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in patients with diabetes and for the development of any future vaccination campaign to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Using a highly specific and sensitive measurement of antibodies by fluid-phase luciferase immunoprecipitation assays, we characterised the IgG, IgM and IgA response against multiple antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of 509 patients with documented diagnosis of COVID-19, prospectively followed at our institution. We analysed clinical outcomes and antibody titres according to the presence of hyperglycaemia, i.e., either diagnosed or undiagnosed diabetes, at the time of, or during, hospitalisation. RESULTS Among patients with confirmed COVID-19, 139 (27.3%) had diabetes: 90 (17.7%) had diabetes diagnosed prior to the hospital admission (comorbid diabetes) while 49 (9.6%) had diabetes diagnosed at the time of admission (newly diagnosed). Diabetes was associated with increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers and hypercoagulopathy, as well as leucocytosis and neutrophilia. Diabetes was independently associated with risk of death (HR 2.32 [95% CI 1.44, 3.75], p = 0.001), even after adjustment for age, sex and other relevant comorbidities. Moreover, a strong association between higher glucose levels and risk of death was documented irrespective of diabetes diagnosis (HR 1.14 × 1.1 mmol/l [95% CI 1.08, 1.21], p < 0.001). The humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with diabetes was present and superimposable, as for timing and antibody titres, to that of non-diabetic patients, with marginal differences, and was not influenced by glucose levels. Of the measured antibody responses, positivity for IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) was predictive of survival rate, both in the presence or absence of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The observed increased severity and mortality risk of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with hyperglycaemia was not the result of an impaired humoral response against SARS-CoV-2. RBD IgG positivity was associated with a remarkable protective effect, allowing for a cautious optimism about the efficacy of future vaccines against SARs-COV-2 in people with diabetes. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Lampasona
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Secchi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Scavini
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Bazzigaluppi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Brigatti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Davalli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Caretto
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Martinenghi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Molinari
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giordano Vitali
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Filippo
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mercalli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Melzi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Molecular Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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191
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Ai X, Yu P, Hou Y, Song X, Luo J, Li N, Lai X, Wang X, Meng X. A review of traditional Chinese medicine on treatment of diabetic retinopathy and involved mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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192
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Mirani M, Favacchio G, Carrone F, Betella N, Biamonte E, Morenghi E, Mazziotti G, Lania AG. Impact of Comorbidities and Glycemia at Admission and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With COVID-19: A Case Series From an Academic Hospital in Lombardy, Italy. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:3042-3049. [PMID: 33023989 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes may unfavorably influence the outcome of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), but the determinants of this effect are still poorly understood. In this monocentric study, we aimed at evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes, comorbidities, plasma glucose levels, and antidiabetes medications on the survival of COVID-19 patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a case series involving 387 COVID-19 patients admitted to a single center in the region of Lombardy, the epicenter of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic in Italy, between 20 February and 9 April 2020. Medical history, pharmacological treatments, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes of patients without diabetes and patients with type 2 diabetes were compared. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to investigate risk factors associated with mortality. RESULTS Our samples included 90 patients (23.3%) with type 2 diabetes, who displayed double the mortality rate of subjects without diabetes (42.3% vs. 21.7%, P < 0.001). In spite of this, after correction for age and sex, risk of mortality was significantly associated with a history of hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.84, 95% CI 1.15-2.95; P = 0.011), coronary artery disease (aHR 1.56, 95% CI 1.04-2.35; P = 0.031), chronic kidney disease (aHR 2.07, 95% CI 1.27-3.38; P = 0.003), stroke (aHR 2.09, 95% CI 1.23-3.55; P = 0.006), and cancer (aHR 1.57, 95% CI 1.08-2.42; P = 0.04) but not with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.170). In patients with diabetes, elevated plasma glucose (aHR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.44, per mmol/L; P = 0.015) and IL-6 levels at admission (aHR 2.47, 95% CI 1.28-4.78, per 1-SD increase; P = 0.007) as well as treatment with insulin (aHR 3.05, 95% CI 1.57-5.95; P = 0.001) and β-blockers (aHR 3.20, 95% CI 1.50-6.60; P = 0.001) were independently associated with increased mortality, whereas the use of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality (aHR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02-0.92; P = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS Plasma glucose levels at admission and antidiabetes drugs may influence the survival of COVID-19 patients affected by type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mirani
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Favacchio
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Flaminia Carrone
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nazarena Betella
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilia Biamonte
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morenghi
- Biostatistics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerardo Lania
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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193
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Diet, Microbioma, and Diabetes in Aging. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-020-00339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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194
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Skuratovskaia D, Vulf M, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Komar A, Shunkin E, Shupletsova V, Goncharov A, Urazova O, Litvinova L. Tissue-Specific Role of Macrophages in Noninfectious Inflammatory Disorders. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E400. [PMID: 33050138 PMCID: PMC7600904 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation may not begin with local tissue disorders, such as hypoxia, but with the accumulation of critically activated macrophages in one site. The purpose of this review is to analyze the data reported in the scientific literature on the features of the functions of macrophages and their contributions to the development of pathology in various tissues during aseptic inflammation in obese subjects. In individuals with obesity, increased migration of monocytes from the peripheral blood to various tissues, the proliferation of resident macrophages and a change in the balance between alternatively activated anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) and pro-inflammatory classically activated macrophages (M1) towards the latter have been observed. The primary cause of some metabolic pathologies has been precisely identified as the recruitment of macrophages with an altered phenotype, which is probably typical for many other pathologies. Recent studies have identified phenotypes, such as metabolically activated M (MMe), oxidized (Mox), hemoglobin-related macrophages (Mhem and MHb), M4 and neuroimmunological macrophages (NAM, SAM), which directly and indirectly affect energy metabolism. The high heterogeneity of macrophages in tissues contributes to the involvement of these cells in the development of a wide range of immune responses, including pathological ones. The replenishment of tissue-specific macrophages occurs at the expense of infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) in the pathological process. The origin of MoMFs from a general precursor retains their common regulatory mechanisms and similar sensitivity to regulatory stimuli. This makes it possible to find universal approaches to the effect on these cells and, as a consequence, universal approaches for the treatment of various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Skuratovskaia
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Maria Vulf
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Aleksandra Komar
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Egor Shunkin
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Valeriya Shupletsova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Andrei Goncharov
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Olga Urazova
- Pathophysiology Division, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.V.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (V.S.); (A.G.); (L.L.)
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