151
|
Boutin JA, Liberelle M, Yous S, Ferry G, Nepveu F. Melatonin facts: Lack of evidence that melatonin is a radical scavenger in living systems. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12926. [PMID: 38146602 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a small natural compound, so called a neuro-hormone that is synthesized mainly in pineal gland in animals. Its main role is to master the clock of the body, under the surveillance of light. In other words, it transfers the information concerning night and day to the peripheral organs which, without it, could not "know" which part of the circadian rhythm the body is in. Besides its main circadian and circannual rhythms mastering, melatonin is reported to be a radical scavenger and/or an antioxidant. Because radical scavengers are chemical species able to neutralize highly reactive and toxic species such as reactive oxygen species, one would like to transfer this property to living system, despite impossibilities already largely reported in the literature. In the present commentary, we refresh the memory of the readers with this notion of radical scavenger, and review the possible evidence that melatonin could be an in vivo radical scavenger, while we only marginally discuss here the fact that melatonin is a molecular antioxidant, a feature that merits a review on its own. We conclude four things: (i) the evidence that melatonin is a scavenger in acellular systems is overwhelming and could not be doubted; (ii) the transposition of this property in living (animal) systems is (a) theoretically impossible and (b) not proven in any system reported in the literature where most of the time, the delay of the action of melatonin is over several hours, thus signing a probable induction of cellular enzymatic antioxidant defenses; (iii) this last fact needs a confirmation through the discovery of a nuclear factor-a key relay in induction processes-that binds melatonin and is activated by it and (iv) we also gather the very important description of the radical scavenging capacity of melatonin in acellular systems that is now proven and shared by many other double bond-bearing molecules. We finally discussed briefly on the reason-scientific or else-that led this description, and the consequences of this claim, in research, in physiology, in pathology, but most disturbingly in therapeutics where a vast amount of money, hope, and patient bien-être are at stake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Boutin
- Laboratory of Regulatory Peptides, Energy Metabolism and Motivated Behavior, Department of Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication (NorDiC), Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, NorDiC, Rouen, France
| | - Maxime Liberelle
- University of Lille, Lille Neurosciences and Cognition Research Center, U1172, Lille, France
| | - Saïd Yous
- University of Lille, Lille Neurosciences and Cognition Research Center, U1172, Lille, France
| | | | - Françoise Nepveu
- Dpt Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Faculté de santé, PHARMADEV, UMR 152, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Chala D, Sabadashka M, Morozovych A, Krychowiak-Maśnicka M, Królicka A, Sybirna N. Immunomodulatory and antibacterial effect of red wine concentrate rich in a natural complex of polyphenols under diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116023. [PMID: 38104417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in immunocompetent cells influence the course of diabetes mellitus and contribute to its complications. Thus, correction of diabetes-induced immune system disorders is vital for normalizing the state of the organism. Red wine polyphenols due to their biological activities could be considered a potential remedy for correcting diabetes. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and the influence of red wine polyphenols on immune system in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We studied immunological parameters, i.e. quantity of white blood cells in peripheral blood and peritoneal macrophages, the bactericidal activity of phagocytes of blood, the activity of myeloperoxidase, and the level of cationic proteins in these cells after the administration of the polyphenol-rich red wine concentrate (PC concentrate) of known composition, obtained from Ukrainian wine, for 14th day to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the PC concentrate was determined with the Broth Microdilution method. The PC concentrate normalized the quantity and functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages, and decreased the quantity of lymphocytes under diabetes, as well as possessed the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our results indicate the significant biological potential of the PC concentrate and its therapeutic relevance to correct diabetes-induced disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariya Chala
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine.
| | - Mariya Sabadashka
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | | | - Marta Krychowiak-Maśnicka
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG & MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Królicka
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG & MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Nataliia Sybirna
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Chen J, Xu H, Liu Q, Ke M, Zhang Z, Wang X, Gao Z, Wu R, Yuan Q, Qian C, Huang L, Chen J, Han Q, Guan Y, Yu X, Huang X, Chen X. Shoot-to-root communication via GmUVR8-GmSTF3 photosignaling and flavonoid biosynthesis fine-tunes soybean nodulation under UV-B light. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:209-226. [PMID: 37881032 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Legume nodulation requires light perception by plant shoots and precise long-distance communication between shoot and root. Recent studies have revealed that TGACG-motif binding factors (GmSTFs) integrate light signals to promote root nodulation; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying nodule formation in changing light conditions remain elusive. Here, we applied genetic engineering, metabolite measurement, and transcriptional analysis to study soybean (Glycine max) nodules. We clarify a fine-tuning mechanism in response to ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation and rhizobia infection, involving GmUVR8-dependent UV-B perception and GmSTF3/4-GmMYB12-GmCHS-mediated (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis for soybean nodule formation. GmUVR8 receptor-perceived UV-B signal triggered R2R3-MYB transcription factors GmMYB12-dependent flavonoid biosynthesis separately in shoot and root. In shoot, UV-B-triggered flavonoid biosynthesis relied on GmUVR8a, b, c receptor-dependent activation of GmMYB12L-GmCHS8 (chalcone synthase) module. In root, UV-B signaling distinctly promotes the accumulation of the isoflavones, daidzein, and its derivative coumestrol, via GmMYB12B2-GmCHS9 module, resulting in hypernodulation. The mobile transcription factors, GmSTF3/4, bind to cis-regulatory elements in the GmMYB12L, GmMYB12B2, and GmCHS9 promoters, to coordinate UV-B light perception in shoot and (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis in root. Our findings establish a novel shoot-to-root communication module involved in soybean nodulation and reveal an adaptive strategy employed by soybean roots in response to UV-B light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Chen
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Huifang Xu
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Meiyu Ke
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongqin Zhang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agricultural Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ruimei Wu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qiao Yuan
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Chongzhen Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Laimei Huang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiaomei Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qingqing Han
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Yaqoob HS, Shoaib A, Anwar A, Perveen S, Javed S, Mehnaz S. Seed biopriming with Ochrobactrum ciceri mediated defense responses in Zea mays (L.) against Fusarium rot. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:49-66. [PMID: 38435857 PMCID: PMC10902241 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Seed bio-priming is a simple and friendly technique to improve stress resilience against fungal diseases in plants. An integrated approach of maize seeds biopriming with Ochrobactrum ciceri was applied in Zn-amended soil to observe the response against Fusarium rot disease of Zea mays (L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides. Initially, the pathogen isolated from the infected corn was identified as F. verticillioides based on morphology and sequences of the internally transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene. Re-inoculation of maize seed with the isolated pathogen confirmed the pathogenicity of the fungus on the maize seeds. In vitro, the inhibitory potential of O. ciceri assessed on Zn-amended/un-amended growth medium revealed that antifungal potential of O. ciceri significantly improved in the Zn-amended medium, leading to 88% inhibition in fungal growth. Further assays with different concentrations (25, 50, and 75%) of cell pellet and the cultural filtrate of O. ciceri (with/without the Zn-amendment) showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of the pathogen that also led to discoloration, fragmentation, and complete disintegration of the fungus hyphae and spores at 75% dose. In planta, biopriming of maize seeds with O. ciceri significantly managed disease, improved the growth and biochemical attributes (up to two-fold), and accelerated accumulation of lignin, polyphenols, and starch, especially in the presence of basal Zn. The results indicated that bioprimed seeds along with Zn as the most promising treatment for managing disease and improving plant growth traits through the enhanced accumulation of lignin, polyphenols, and starch, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Sibgha Yaqoob
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shoaib
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Javed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samina Mehnaz
- Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Diksha, Singh L, Bhatia D. Mechanistic interplay of different mediators involved in mediating the anti-depressant effect of isoflavones. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:199-215. [PMID: 37855935 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most prevalent severe CNS disorders, which negatively affects social lives, the ability to work, and the health of people. As per the World Health Organisation (WHO), it is a psychological disorder that is estimated to be a leading disease by 2030. Clinically, various medicines have been formulated to treat depression but they are having a setback due to their side effects, slow action, or poor bioavailability. Nowadays, flavonoids are regarded as an essential component in a variety of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medicinal. Isoflavones are a distinctive and important subclass of flavonoids that are generally obtained from soybean, chickpeas, and red clover. The molecules of this class have been extensively explored in various CNS disorders including depression and anxiety. Isoflavones such as genistein, daidzein, biochanin-A, formononetin, and glycitein have been reported to exert an anti-depressant effect through the modulation of different mediators. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) mediated depletion of anandamide and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis-mediated modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), monoamine oxidase (MAO) mediated depletion of biogenic amines and inflammatory signaling are the important underlying pathways leading to depression. Upregulation in the levels of BDNF, anandamide, antioxidants and monoamines, along with inhibition of MAO, FAAH, HPA axis, and inflammatory stress are the major modulations produced by different isoflavones in the observed anti-depressant effect. Therefore, the present review has been designed to explore the mechanistic interplay of various mediators involved in mediating the anti-depressant action of different isoflavones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diksha
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Lovedeep Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Deepika Bhatia
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Tewari D, Bawari S, Mishra ST, Gupta P, M A, Cziáky Z, Jeko J, Lazarova I, Zengin G. Metabolomics-based pharmaceutical evaluation of different parts of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex C.B. Clarke from the western Himalayas. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300795. [PMID: 38234031 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Swertia species are common ingredients in numerous herbal remedies. It is also used to treat a wide range of illnesses and possess diverse therapeutic activities. The aim of the study is to elucidate the comprehensive metabolomics profile of Swertia chirayita and the role of various extraction methods in the phytochemical compositions of the extracts of S. chirayita, and their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Extraction of the stems, leaves, and flowering tops of S. chirayita was performed by maceration, infusion, and soxhlation using methanol and water as solvent. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical profiling by a liquid-chromatographic system. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity was carried out. The metabolomics profiling showed that a diverse range of specialized metabolites were present in the stems and leaves & flowering tops of the plant. All the extracts showed substantial antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities further confirmed by molecular docking studies. This study appraised the use of S. chirayita aerial parts as a potential antioxidant and its therapeutic application in various chronic illnesses including Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and other skin-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sweta Bawari
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Saurabh T Mishra
- Department of Career Services, Edvancer - a part of Global University System, India, Mumbai, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Aryalaxmi M
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - József Jeko
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - Irina Lazarova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Kumar S, Chhabra V, Shenoy S, Daksh R, Ravichandiran V, Swamy RS, Kumar N. Role of Flavonoids in Modulation of Mitochondria Dynamics during Oxidative Stress. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:908-919. [PMID: 37861054 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575259219230920093214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are a widespread category of naturally occurring polyphenols distinguished by the flavan nucleus in plant-based foods and beverages, known for their various health benefits. Studies have suggested that consuming 150-500 mg of flavonoids daily is beneficial for health. Recent studies suggest that flavonoids are involved in maintaining mitochondrial activity and preventing impairment of mitochondrial dynamics by oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE This review emphasized the significance of studying the impact of flavonoids on mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. METHODS This review analysed and summarised the findings related to the impact of flavonoids on mitochondria from publicly available search engines namely Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. DESCRIPTION Any disruption in mitochondrial dynamics can contribute to cellular dysfunction and diseases, including cancer, cardiac conditions, and neurodegeneration. Flavonoids have been shown to modulate mitochondrial dynamics by regulating protein expression involved in fission and fusion events. Furthermore, flavonoids exhibit potent antioxidant properties by lowering the production of ROS and boosting the performance of antioxidant enzymes. Persistent inflammation is a characteristic of many different disorders. This is because flavonoids also alter the inflammatory response by controlling the expression of numerous cytokines and chemokines involved in the inflammatory process. Flavonoids exhibit an impressive array of significant health effects, making them an effective therapeutic agent for managing various disorders. Further this review summarised available mechanisms underlying flavonoids' actions on mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress to recognize the optimal dose and duration of flavonoid intake for therapeutic purposes. CONCLUSION This review may provide a solid foundation for developing targeted therapeutic interventions utilizing flavonoids, ultimately benefiting individuals afflicted with various disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Vishal Chhabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Smita Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Rajni Daksh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Ravindra Shantakumar Swamy
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Basic Medical Sciences (DBMS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Singh NK, Singh A, Mayank. Nuclear Factor Kappa B: A Nobel Therapeutic Target of FlavonoidsAgainst Parkinson's Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2062-2077. [PMID: 38243959 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073295568240105025006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common brain-related neurodegenerative disorder, is comprised of several pathophysiological mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein, and synaptic loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the midbrain. Misfolded alpha-synuclein, originating from damaged neurons, triggers a series of signaling pathways in both glial and neuronal cells. Activation of such events results in the production and expression of several proinflammatory cytokines via the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Consequently, this cascade of events worsens the neurodegenerative processes, particularly in conditions, such as PD and synucleinopathies. Microglia, astrocytes, and neurons are just a few of the many cells and tissues that express the NF-κB family of inducible types of transcription factors. The dual role of NF-κB activation can be crucial for neuronal survival, although the classical NF-κB pathway is important for controlling the generation of inflammatory mediators during neuroinflammation. Modulating NF-κB-associated pathways through the selective action of several agents holds promise for mitigating dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and PD. Several naturally occurring compounds in medicinal plants can be an effective treatment option in attenuating PD-associated dopaminergic neuronal loss via selectively modifying the NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways. Recently, flavonoids have gained notable attention from researchers because of their remarkable anti-neuroinflammatory activity and significant antioxidant properties in numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Several subclasses of flavonoids, including flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, and anthocyanins, have been evaluated for neuroprotective effects against in vitro and in vivo models of PD. In this aspect, the present review highlights the pathological role of NF-κB in the progression of PD and investigates the therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway for the prevention and management of PD-like manifestations with a comprehensive list for further reference. Available facts strongly support that bioactive flavonoids could be considered in food and/or as lead pharmacophores for the treatment of neuroinflammation-mediated PD. Furthermore, natural flavonoids having potent pharmacological properties could be helpful in enhancing the economy of countries that cultivate medicinal plants yielding bioactive flavonoids on a large scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, UP, India
| | - Ashini Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, UP, India
| | - Mayank
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Asadi GS, Abdizadeh R, Abdizadeh T. Investigation of a set of flavonoid compounds as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors: insights from in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-23. [PMID: 38153379 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2295973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral, microaerophilic gram-negative bacterium, which is associated with the destruction of the lining of the stomach, leads to chronic inflammation of the stomach, which can cause stomach and duodenal ulcers. The problems caused by the treatment with antibiotics have caused researchers to use new approaches to treat infections caused by H. pylori, among them specific treatments with flavonoids. Urease enzyme, as one of the most important pathogenic and antigenic factors of this bacterium, is a suitable target for this purpose. In this study, the inhibitory effect of flavonoid compounds compared to acetohydroxamic acid on H. pylori urease enzyme was evaluated using molecular modeling methods. First, the interaction of flavonoids with urease enzyme compared with acetohydroxamic acid was investigated by molecular docking method to produce efficient docking poses. Then the physicochemical properties and toxicity of the best flavonoid compounds were analyzed using the swissadme server. Also, molecular dynamics calculations were performed to precisely understand the interactions between ligands and protein. The results of this study show that all the investigated flavonoid compounds are capable of inhibiting H. pylori urease. Among these compounds, six compounds chrysin, galangin, kaempferol, luteolin, morin and quercetin showed a greater tendency to bind to urease, compared to the acetohydroxamic acid inhibitor. These compounds are desirable in terms of physicochemical properties. This study also revealed that the flavonoids with their hydroxyl groups (-OH) play an important role during bond formation with amino acids Ala278, Ala169, His314, Asp362 and Asn168. Therefore, flavonoid compounds, due to their suitable location in the active site of the urease, create a more effective inhibition than the chemical drug acetohydroxamic acid and can be suitable candidates for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori under in vitro and in vivo investigations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Sadat Asadi
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rahman Abdizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tooba Abdizadeh
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Dah-Nouvlessounon D, Chokki M, Hoteyi IMS, Fassinou F, Ranga F, Fetea F, Diaconeasa Z, Vodnar D, Furdui B, Baba-Moussa F, Dinica RM, Suharoschi R, Baba-Moussa L. Pharmacological Property and Cytotoxic Effect Showing Antiproliferative Potency in Human Melanoma Cell Lines (A375) of Combretum racemosum P. Beauv. Leaf and Root Extracts Used in Benin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:31. [PMID: 38247456 PMCID: PMC10812713 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Combretum racemosum, a plant from the Combretaceae family, is traditionally used in Benin for various health problems. However, scientific research on Beninese samples of this plant is limited. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the bioactive compounds in the plant's leaves and roots. Initial screening involved analyzing powders derived from these parts for total polyphenols, flavonoids, and both condensed and hydrolyzable tannins. The polyphenolic compounds were analyzed using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. To evaluate the plant's antimicrobial properties, the agar diffusion method was employed, while FRAP and DPPH assays were used to determine its antioxidant capacity. For anti-inflammatory activity, the study utilized tests for in vitro protein denaturation inhibition and in vivo acute edema induced by carrageenan. Additionally, an antiproliferative assay was conducted using the human melanoma cell line A375. The analysis revealed the presence of significant polyphenolic compounds in both the leaf and root extracts of C. racemosum. Notably, compounds like Pedunculagin, Vescalagin, Casuarictin, and Digalloyl-glucoside were abundant in the leaves, with Vescalagin being especially predominant in the roots. The study also found that the dichloromethane extracts from the leaves and roots exhibited bactericidal effects on a substantial percentage of meat-isolated strains. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of these extracts were confirmed through FRAP and DPPH methods. Interestingly, the dichloromethane root extract showed strong activity in inhibiting thermal albumin denaturation, while the water-ethanol leaf extract demonstrated significant edema inhibition. Finally, the study observed that C. racemosum extracts reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with leaf extracts showing more pronounced antiproliferative effects than root extracts. These findings highlight the potential of C. racemosum leaves and roots as sources of compounds with diverse and significant biological activities. In conclusion, C. racemosum's leaves and roots exhibit promising biological activities, highlighting their potential medicinal value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin (I.M.S.H.); (F.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Michaelle Chokki
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire, FAST, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01BP: 526 ISBA-Champ de Foire, Cotonou 01BP526, Benin; (M.C.); (F.B.-M.)
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Ismaël M. S. Hoteyi
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin (I.M.S.H.); (F.F.)
| | - Fidèle Fassinou
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin (I.M.S.H.); (F.F.)
| | - Floricuta Ranga
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Florinela Fetea
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Dan Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Bianca Furdui
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Farid Baba-Moussa
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire, FAST, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01BP: 526 ISBA-Champ de Foire, Cotonou 01BP526, Benin; (M.C.); (F.B.-M.)
| | - Rodica Mihaela Dinica
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania (D.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Lamine Baba-Moussa
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin (I.M.S.H.); (F.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Zhou X, Liu Z, Yang X, Feng J, Gins MS, Yan T, Han L, Zhang H. The Mechanism Underlying the Hypoglycemic Effect of Epimedin C on Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Proteomic Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 16:25. [PMID: 38201855 PMCID: PMC10780735 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a worldwide public health problem. Epimedin C is considered one of the most important flavonoids in Epimedium, a famous edible herb in China and Southeast Asia that is traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat diabetes. In the present study, the therapeutic potential of epimedin C against T2DM was ascertained using a mouse model, and the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic activity of epimedin C was explored using a label-free proteomic technique for the first time. Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and oral glucose tolerance, as well as contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the 30 mg·kg-1 epimedin C group (EC30 group), were significantly lower than those in the model control group (MC group) (p < 0.05), while the contents of hepatic glycogen, insulin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the EC30 group were notably higher than those in the MC group (p < 0.05). The structures of liver cells and tissues were greatly destroyed in the MC group, whereas the structures of cells and tissues were basically complete in the EC30 group, which were similar to those in the normal control group (NC group). A total of 92 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were enriched in the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. In the EC30 vs. MC groups, the expression level of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1) was down-regulated, while the expression levels of group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein (Pla2g12b), apolipoprotein B-100 (Apob), and cytochrome P450 4A14 (Cyp4a14) were up-regulated. According to the KEGG pathway assay, Pck1 participated in the gluconeogenesis and insulin signaling pathways, and Pla2g12b, Apob, and Cyp4a14 were the key proteins in the fat digestion and fatty acid degradation pathways. Pck1, Pla2g12b, Apob, and Cyp4a14 seemed to play important roles in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. In summary, epimedin C inhibited Pck1 expression to maintain FBG at a relatively stable level, promoted Pla2g12b, Apob, and Cyp4a14 expressions to alleviate liver lipotoxicity, and protected liver tissues and cells from oxidant stress possibly by its phenolic hydroxyl groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Ziqi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Research Station of Selenium-Enriched Tea of Shaanxi Province, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Jing Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
- Agrarian and Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Murat Sabirovich Gins
- Agrarian and Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Tingyu Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Lei Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Academician and Expert Workstations in Puer City of Yunnan Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (Z.L.); (T.Y.); (L.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Fan C, Ling-Hu A, Sun D, Gao W, Zhang C, Duan X, Li H, Tian W, Yu Q, Ke Z. Nobiletin Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Deposition, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation by Mechanisms That Involve the Nrf2/NF-κB Axis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20105-20117. [PMID: 38073108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Nobiletin (NOB), a flavonoid with significant antioxidant potential, holds promise for treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this work, we aim to assess the effects and investigate the molecular mechanisms of NOB on NAFLD. After using a methionine choline-deficient diet to induce C57BL/6J mice, as well as oleic acid to induce HepG2 and L02 cells, we administered NOB as an intervention. The results indicated that the NOB significantly ameliorated lipid deposition, oxidative stress, and inflammation in NAFLD in both models. Its mechanism may involve the Nrf2, SREBP-1c, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, Nrf2 is not only a direct target for NOB to improve oxidative damage but also indirectly involved in lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory processes in NAFLD. By inhibiting Nrf2, we found that the regulatory role of Nrf2 in lipid metabolism is not related to SREBP-1c but is closely associated with NF-κB in terms of inflammation. Our results suggest that Nrf2 is one of the most critical targets for NOB against NAFLD in multiple aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Fan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Anli Ling-Hu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Dali Sun
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Weiman Gao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chenfang Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xueqing Duan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Zunli Ke
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Zhou XW, Yao XD, He DX, Sun HX, Xie FT. Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analysis of two salt-tolerant soybean germplasms response to low phosphorus stress: role of phosphorus uptake and antioxidant capacity. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:662. [PMID: 38124037 PMCID: PMC10731862 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) and salt stress are common abiotic stressors that limit crop growth and development, but the response mechanism of soybean to low phosphorus (LP) and salt (S) combined stress remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, two soybean germplasms with similar salt tolerance but contrasting P-efficiency, A74 (salt-tolerant and P-efficient) and A6 (salt-tolerant and P-inefficient), were selected as materials. By combining physiochemical and transcriptional analysis, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which soybean maintains high P-efficiency under salt stress. In total, 14,075 differentially expressed genes were identified through pairwise comparison. PageMan analysis subsequently revealed several significantly enriched categories in the LP vs. control (CK) or low phosphorus + salt (LPS) vs. S comparative combination when compared to A6, in the case of A74. These categories included genes involved in mitochondrial electron transport, secondary metabolism, stress, misc, transcription factors and transport. Additionally, weighted correlation network analysis identified two modules that were highly correlated with acid phosphatase and antioxidant enzyme activity. Citrate synthase gene (CS), acyl-coenzyme A oxidase4 gene (ACX), cytokinin dehydrogenase 7 gene (CKXs), and two-component response regulator ARR2 gene (ARR2) were identified as the most central hub genes in these two modules. CONCLUSION In summary, we have pinpointed the gene categories responsible for the LP response variations between the two salt-tolerant germplasms, which are mainly related to antioxidant, and P uptake process. Further, the discovery of the hub genes layed the foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of salt-tolerant and P-efficient in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Wen Zhou
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Dong Yao
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - De-Xin He
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - He-Xiang Sun
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fu-Ti Xie
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Naidoo K, Khathi A. The Potential Role of Gossypetin in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Complications: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17609. [PMID: 38139436 PMCID: PMC10743819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance and dysfunctional beta (β)-cells in the pancreas. Hyperglycaemia is a characteristic of uncontrolled diabetes which eventually leads to fatal organ system damage. In T2DM, free radicals are continuously produced, causing extensive tissue damage and subsequent macro-and microvascular complications. The standard approach to managing T2DM is pharmacological treatment with anti-diabetic medications. However, patients' adherence to treatment is frequently decreased by the side effects and expense of medications, which has a detrimental impact on their health outcomes. Quercetin, a flavonoid, is a one of the most potent anti-oxidants which ameliorates T2DM. Thus, there is an increased demand to investigate quercetin and its derivatives, as it is hypothesised that similar structured compounds may exhibit similar biological activity. Gossypetin is a hexahydroxylated flavonoid found in the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Gossypetin has a similar chemical structure to quercetin with an extra hydroxyl group. Furthermore, previous literature has elucidated that gossypetin exhibits neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, reproprotective and nephroprotective properties. The mechanisms underlying gossypetin's therapeutic potential have been linked to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, this review highlights the potential role of gossypetin in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Wang Z, Zhou Y, Xiao X, Liu A, Wang S, Preston RJS, Zaytseva YY, He G, Xiao W, Hennig B, Deng P. Inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases induced by persistent organic pollutants and nutritional interventions: Effects of multi-organ interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122756. [PMID: 37844865 PMCID: PMC10842216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The development and outcome of inflammatory diseases are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, which include chemical and nonchemical stressors. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are major groups of chemical stressors. For example, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are closely associated with the incidence of inflammatory diseases. The pathology of environmental chemical-mediated inflammatory diseases is complex and may involve disturbances in multiple organs, including the gut, liver, brain, vascular tissues, and immune systems. Recent studies suggested that diet-derived nutrients (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers) could modulate environmental insults and affect disease development, progression, and outcome. In this article, mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases are reviewed, focusing on multi-organ interplays and highlighting recent advances in nutritional strategies to improve the outcome of cardiometabolic diseases associated with environmental exposures. In addition, advanced system biology approaches are discussed, which present unique opportunities to unveil the complex interactions among multiple organs and to fuel the development of precision intervention strategies in exposed individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aowen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Roger J S Preston
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guangzhao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Pan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Elarabany N, Hamad A, Alzamel NM. Antitumor and Phytochemical Properties of Ferula assa-foetida L. Oleo-Gum-Resin against HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and in a Xenograft Mouse Model. Molecules 2023; 28:8012. [PMID: 38138502 PMCID: PMC10746072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring tumors. Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin (OGR) extract is a traditional cooking spice known for its broad spectrum of biological activities such as antifungal, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study evaluated the antitumor effect of OGR extract against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The OGR chemical composition was analyzed using LC-ESI-MS/MS; MTT, clonogenic assays, and a xenograft model were used to measure cytotoxicity, while apoptotic proteins were detected using Western blotting. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the extract was a rich source of isoflavones, xanthones, and other derivatives. In a dose-dependent manner, the OGR extract significantly inhibited colony formation ability and HT-29 cell growth (IC50 was 3.60 ± 0.02 and 10.5 ± 0.1 mg/mL, respectively). On the other hand, the OGR extract significantly induced apoptosis and increased the expression of some pro-death proteins involved in cellular apoptosis including PUMA, BIM, BIK, and BAK. Moreover, in a subcutaneous HT-29 xenograft model, the tumor volume and burden decreased after treatment with the OGR extract (550 ± 32 mm3 and 16.3 ± 3.6, respectively) This study demonstrated that Ferula assa-foetida OGR ethanolic extract has potential antitumor effects against HT-29 CRC cell lines by reducing cell viability and the function of apoptosis. More studies are needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms related to cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Elarabany
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Abeer Hamad
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, College of Applied and Industrial Science, Bahri University, Khartoum 1660, Sudan
| | - Nurah M. Alzamel
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Açar Y, Ağagündüz D, De Cicco P, Capasso R. Flavonoids: Their putative neurologic roles, epigenetic changes, and gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115788. [PMID: 37913731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the degeneration of progressive dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra region of the human midbrain. Although just what causes PD remains a mystery, it is known that oxidative stress (OS) as well as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuro-inflammation, and insufficient neurotrophic support play a role in the disease's pathophysiology. Phytochemicals are a diverse small molecule group derived from plants that can be classified into numerous classes on the basis of their biological activities and chemical structure. Of these groups of phytochemicals, the most abundant, which has well-established anti-Parkinson's effects, are polyphenols. Flavonoids, including naringin and naringenin, genistein, kaempferol, anthocyanins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and baicalein are plant-based biologically active polyphenols, which have been shown to exhibit therapeutic potential when used as treatment for a variety of pathological illnesses, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and PD. Recently, it was reported that flavonoids have beneficial effects on PD, such as the protection of DA neurons, improvement of motor and cognitive abilities, regulation of signaling pathways, and modulation of OS and neuro-inflammation. In addition, by changing the composition of bacteria in gut microbiota, flavonoids reduce pathogenic strains and promote the growth of beneficial strains. In this context, the current paper will provide a literature review on the neurological roles that flavonoids play, as one of the most abundant phytochemical families, in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Açar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Paola De Cicco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Liao Y, Meng Q. Protection against cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular injury by planed-derived polyphenols and nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:116896. [PMID: 37586453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy-induced heart injury is a significant concern for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and also targeted molecular therapy. The use of these treatments can lead to oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte damage in the heart, which can result in heart failure and other cardiac complications. Experimental studies have revealed that chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide can cause severe side effects such as cardiac fibrosis, electrophysiological remodeling, chronic oxidative stress and inflammation, etc., which may increase risk of cardiac disorders and attacks for patients that underwent chemotherapy. Similar consequences may also be observed for patients that undergo radiotherapy for left breast or lung malignancies. Polyphenols, a group of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have shown the potential in protecting against cancer therapy-induced heart injury. These compounds have been found to reduce oxidative stress, necrosis and apoptosis in the heart, thereby preserving cardiac function. In recent years, nanoparticles loaded with polyphenols have also provided for the delivery of these compounds and increasing their efficacy in different organs. These nanoparticles can improve the bioavailability and efficacy of polyphenols while minimizing their toxicity. This review article summarizes the current understanding of the protective effects of polyphenols and nanoparticles loaded with polyphenols against cancer therapy-induced heart injury. The article discusses the mechanisms by which polyphenols protect the heart, including antioxidant and anti-inflammation abilities. The article also highlights the potential benefits of using nanoparticles for the delivery of polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Liao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Arriaza RH, Abiskaroon B, Patel M, Daneshian L, Kluza A, Snoeck S, Watkins MB, Hopkins JB, Van Leeuwen T, Grbic M, Grbic V, Borowski T, Chruszcz M. Structural and functional studies reveal the molecular basis of substrate promiscuity of a glycosyltransferase originating from a major agricultural pest. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105421. [PMID: 37923139 PMCID: PMC10731231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a major cosmopolitan pest that feeds on more than 1100 plant species. Its genome contains an unprecedentedly large number of genes involved in detoxifying and transporting xenobiotics, including 80 genes that code for UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs). These enzymes were acquired via horizontal gene transfer from bacteria after loss in the Chelicerata lineage. UGTs are well-known for their role in phase II metabolism; however, their contribution to host adaptation and acaricide resistance in arthropods, such as T. urticae, is not yet resolved. TuUGT202A2 (Tetur22g00270) has been linked to the ability of this pest to adapt to tomato plants. Moreover, it was shown that this enzyme can glycosylate a wide range of flavonoids. To understand this relationship at the molecular level, structural, functional, and computational studies were performed. Structural studies provided specific snapshots of the enzyme in different catalytically relevant stages. The crystal structure of TuUGT202A2 in complex with UDP-glucose was obtained and site-directed mutagenesis paired with molecular dynamic simulations revealed a novel lid-like mechanism involved in the binding of the activated sugar donor. Two additional TuUGT202A2 crystal complexes, UDP-(S)-naringenin and UDP-naringin, demonstrated that this enzyme has a highly plastic and open-ended acceptor-binding site. Overall, this work reveals the molecular basis of substrate promiscuity of TuUGT202A2 and provides novel insights into the structural mechanism of UGTs catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Hernandez Arriaza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brendan Abiskaroon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Megha Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Leily Daneshian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anna Kluza
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Simon Snoeck
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maxwell B Watkins
- The Biophysics Collaborative Access Team (BioCAT), Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jesse B Hopkins
- The Biophysics Collaborative Access Team (BioCAT), Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miodrag Grbic
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; University of La Rioja, Logrono, Spain
| | - Vojislava Grbic
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomasz Borowski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Qiu C, Zhang JZ, Wu B, Xu CC, Pang HH, Tu QC, Lu YQ, Guo QY, Xia F, Wang JG. Advanced application of nanotechnology in active constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicines. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:456. [PMID: 38017573 PMCID: PMC10685519 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have been used for centuries for the treatment and management of various diseases. However, their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and potential toxicity. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles and organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on active constituents from TCMs have been extensively studied as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of active constituents from TCMs to achieve a higher therapeutic effect with fewer side effects compared to conventional formulations. This review summarizes the recent advances in nanocarrier-based delivery systems for various types of active constituents of TCMs, including terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and quinones, from different natural sources. This review covers the design and preparation of nanocarriers, their characterization, and in vitro/vivo evaluations. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges and opportunities in the field and suggests future directions for research. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems have shown great potential in improving the therapeutic efficacy of TCMs, and this review may serve as a comprehensive resource to researchers in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jun Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medical Science, Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Huan Huan Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qing Chao Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yu Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiu Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ji Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Kłósek M, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Szliszka E, Bronikowska J, Jaworska D, Pietsz G, Czuba ZP. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Methyl Derivatives of Flavanone. Molecules 2023; 28:7837. [PMID: 38067567 PMCID: PMC10708004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the immune defense against injury and infection agents. However, the inflammatory chronic process may lead to neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, or cancer. Flavanones present in citrus fruits exhibit biological activities, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The beneficial effects of flavanones have been found based on in vitro cell cultures and animal studies. A suitable in vitro model for studying the inflammatory process are macrophages (RAW264.7 cell line) because, after stimulation using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), they release inflammatory cytokines involved in the immune response. We determined the nitrite concentration in the macrophage cell culture and detected ROS using chemiluminescence. Additionally, we measured the production of selected cytokines using the Bio-Plex Magnetic Luminex Assay and the Bio-PlexTM 200 System. For the first time, we have shown that methyl derivatives of flavanone inhibit NO and chemiluminescence generated via LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the tested compounds at 1-20 µM dose-dependently modulate proinflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, and TNF-α) in stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The 2'-methylflavanone (5B) and the 3'-methylflavanone (6B) possess the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among all the tested flavanone derivatives. These compounds reduce the concentration of IL-6, IL-12p40, and IL12p70 compared to the core flavanone structure. Moreover, 2'-methylflavanone reduces TNF-α, and 3'-methylflavanone reduces IL-1β secreted by RAW264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kłósek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Ewelina Szliszka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Joanna Bronikowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Dagmara Jaworska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Grażyna Pietsz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Nadalin P, Kim JK, Park SU. Recent studies on myricetin and its biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1223-1231. [PMID: 38317860 PMCID: PMC10839238 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Nadalin
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Wu Y, Liu J, Jiao B, Wang T, Sun S, Huang B. Genome-Wide Analysis of Family-1 UDP-Glycosyltransferases in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.): Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis and Determination of Response to Osmotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2144. [PMID: 38136966 PMCID: PMC10742590 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Family-1 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are the most common and functional glycosyltransferases in the plant world. UGT is closely related to plant growth and the response to abiotic stress. However, despite systematic research, our understanding of potato UGT genes is still unclear. In this study, we identified 174 potato UGT proteins based on their conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motifs. Phylogenetic analyses were used to compare these proteins with Arabidopsis UGTs and other plant UGTs, and it was found that they could be clustered into 18 distinct groups. Patterns of intron gain/loss and intron phases within potato UGTs revealed highly conserved intron insertion events. The promoter cis-elements of these 174 UGT genes were systematically investigated. The promoter regions of these UGT genes are known to contain various classes of cis-acting compounds. These include elements that are light-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, and stress-responsive. Transcriptome data analysis established that 25, 10, 6, and 4 of these 174 UGT genes were specifically expressed in leaves, roots, stolons, and young tubers, respectively. The mannitol-treated transcriptomic data showed thirty-eight UGT genes were significantly upregulated. The quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the four genes were all responsive to osmotic stress under a 10% PEG6000 treatment. The results of our study provide a basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of potato osmotic stress resistance and better understanding its function in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Baozhen Jiao
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Sifan Sun
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Binquan Huang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Oh JH, Karadeniz F, Seo Y, Kong CS. Dietary flavonoid myricetin 3- O-galactoside suppresses α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells by regulating PKA and ERK1/2 activation. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:399-407. [PMID: 37703186 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Melanogenesis is the process where skin pigment melanin is produced through tyrosinase activity. Overproduction of melanin causes skin disorders such as freckles, spots, and hyperpigmentation. Myricetin 3-O-galactoside (M3G) is a dietary flavonoid with reported bioactivities. M3G was isolated from Limonium tetragonum and its anti-melanogenic properties were investigated in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. The in vitro anti-melanogenic capacity of M3G was confirmed by inhibited tyrosinase and melanin production. M3G-mediated suppression of melanogenic proteins, tyrosinase, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, were confirmed by mRNA and protein levels, analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Furthermore, M3G suppressed Wnt signaling through the inhibition of PKA phosphorylation. M3G also suppressed the consequent phosphorylation of CREB and nuclear levels of MITF. Analysis of MAPK activation further revealed that M3G increased the activation of ERK1/2 while p38 and JNK activation remained unaffected. Results showed that M3G suppressed melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by decreasing tyrosinase production and therefore inhibiting melanin formation. A possible action mechanism was the suppression of CREB activation and upregulation of ERK phosphorylation which might cause the decreased nuclear levels of MITF. In conclusion, M3G was suggested to be a potential nutraceutical with anti-melanogenic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
- Nutritional Education, Graduate School of Education, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Zheng Z, Wu L, Deng W, Yi K, Li Y. Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Mechanism of Furong Plum Fruits at Different Maturity Stages. Foods 2023; 12:4253. [PMID: 38231765 PMCID: PMC10705914 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted on the polyphenol content, flavonoid content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity of Furong plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. "furong") at different maturity stages to determine the most suitable maturity stage. The inhibition of plum polyphenols on xanthine oxidase (XOD) was measured, and its kinetics were studied to reveal the inhibitory mechanism. The experimental results showed that the polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of plums at the ripe stage were the highest, reaching 320.46 mg GAE/100 g FW, 204.21 mg/100 g FW, and 66.24 mg/100 g FW, respectively, in comparison those of the plums at the immature and mid-ripe stages. The antioxidant capacity of the ripe plums was stronger than it was during the other stages of the plums growth. Among them, the total polyphenols of the ripe plums exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity (IC50 values against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals were 28.19 ± 0.67 μg/mL and 198.16 ± 7.55 μg/mL, respectively), which was between the antioxidant capacity of the free polyphenols and bound polyphenols. The major phenolic monomer compounds of plum polyphenols were flavan-3-ols (epicatechin, catechin, proanthocyanidin, and procyanidin B2), flavonols (myricetin), and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and protocatechuic acid). Additionally, plum polyphenols exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on XOD, with an IC50 value of 77.64 μg/mL. The inhibition kinetics showed that plum polyphenols are mixed-type inhibitors that inhibit XOD activity and that the inhibition process is reversible. The calculated values of Ki and α were 16.53 mmol/L and 0.26, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kexin Yi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yibin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Carvalho D, Pinho C, Oliveira R, Moreira F, Oliveira AI. Chromatographic Methods Developed for the Quantification of Quercetin Extracted from Natural Sources: Systematic Review of Published Studies from 2018 to 2022. Molecules 2023; 28:7714. [PMID: 38067447 PMCID: PMC10708206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE) is the most widely used flavonoid for therapeutic purposes. To improve the available knowledge about the properties of some natural products, determining the amount of QUE is crucial. The main objective of this systematic review is to identify the analytical methods validated for detecting and quantifying QUE in different matrices and characterize their sensitivity. A search was conducted until 30 June 2023 in the PubMed database for experimental studies that addressed the validation of chromatographic analytical methods to detect and quantify QUE from consumable natural products. Only studies published between 2018 and 2022, written in English, were included. The risk of bias was assessed by emphasizing methods of comparison according to previously published studies. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the obtained results. The studies were analyzed based on the type of QUE source, chromatographic method, and validation parameters. A total of 17 studies were included in this review. Plants were the most commonly analyzed source of QUE. Among the detection methods, spectrophotometry proved to be the most widely used, surpassing mass spectrometry (MS). After analyzing the bias, all the included studies mentioned/presented, totally or partially, at least four of the eight parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carvalho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Moreira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Nagayoshi H, Murayama N, Kim V, Kim D, Takenaka S, Yamazaki H, Guengerich FP, Shimada T. Oxidation of Naringenin, Apigenin, and Genistein by Human Family 1 Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Comparison of Interaction of Apigenin with Human P450 1B1.1 and Scutellaria P450 82D.1. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:1778-1788. [PMID: 37783573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin, an initial synthesized flavanone in various plant species, is further utilized for production of many biologically active flavonoids, e.g., apigenin, eriodictyol, and genistein, by various plant enzymes including cytochrome P450s (P450s or CYPs). We examined how these flavonoids are oxidized by human P450 family 1 and 2A enzymes. Naringenin was principally oxidized at the 3'-position to form eriodictyol by CYP1 enzymes more efficiently than by CYP2A enzymes, and the resulting eriodictyol was further oxidized to two penta-hydroxylated products. In contrast to plant P450 enzymes, these human P450s did not mediate the desaturation of naringenin and eriodictyol to give apigenin and luteolin, respectively. Apigenin was oxidized at the C3' and C6 positions to form luteolin and scutellarein by these P450s. CYP1B1.1 and 1B1.3 had high activities in apigenin 6-hydroxylation with a homotropic cooperative manner, as has been observed previously in chrysin 6-hydroxylation (Nagayoshi et al., Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2019, 32, 1268-1280). Molecular docking analysis suggested that CYP1B1 had two apigenin binding sites and showed similarities in substrate recognition sites to plant CYP82D.1, one of the enzymes in catalyzing apigenin and chrysin 6-hydroxylations in Scutellaria baicalensis. The present results suggest that human CYP1 enzymes and CYP2A13 in some reactions have important roles in the oxidation of naringenin, eriodictyol, apigenin, and genistein and that human CYP1B1 and Scutellaria CYP82D.1 have similarities in their SRS regions, catalyzing 6-hydroxylation of both apigenin and chrysin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Nagayoshi
- Food Chemistry Section, Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Norie Murayama
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Vitchan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Korea
| | - Shigeo Takenaka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Tsutomu Shimada
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Naróg D, Sobkowiak A. Electrochemistry of Flavonoids. Molecules 2023; 28:7618. [PMID: 38005343 PMCID: PMC10674230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents a description of the available data from the literature on the electrochemical properties of flavonoids. The emphasis has been placed on the mechanism of oxidation processes and an attempt was made to find a general relation between the observed reaction paths and the structure of flavonoids. Regardless of the solvent used, three potential regions related to flavonoid structures are characteristic of the occurrence of their electrochemical oxidation. The potential values depend on the solvent used. In the less positive potential region, flavonoids, which have an ortho dihydroxy moiety, are reversibly oxidized to corresponding o-quinones. The o-quinones, if they possess a C3 hydroxyl group, react with water to form a benzofuranone derivative (II). In the second potential region, (II) is irreversibly oxidized. In this potential region, some flavonoids without an ortho dihydroxy moiety can also be oxidized to the corresponding p-quinone methides. The oxidation of the hydroxyl groups located in ring A, which are not in the ortho position, occurs in the third potential region at the most positive values. Some discrepancies in the reported reaction mechanisms have been indicated, and this is a good starting point for further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Naróg
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sobkowiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Nicolucci C, Padovani M, Rodrigues FDC, Fritsch LN, Santos AC, Priolli DG, Sciani JM. Flavonoids: the use in mental health and related diseases. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37948603 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2275275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Given the current increase in mental and neurological disorders, there is an urgent need to develop alternative treatments for patients. Flavonoids exhibit diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective, and has been considered potential therapies for central nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, drug addiction, and stroke. Studies have shown that flavonoids protect neurons from oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, improve brain blood flow and enhance cognitive function. Moreover, its modulation of neurotransmission, such as GABAergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and noradrenergic, has been studied for the treatment of mental disorders that require sedative effects, antidepressants, sleep inducers and anxiety reduction. Although more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and potential benefits of these compounds, the use of flavonoids for neurological diseases is a promising avenue for future research and development. This review focuses on major flavonoid subclasses and their applications in central nervous system disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Nicolucci
- Medical School, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Padovani
- Medical School, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laura Nagy Fritsch
- Psychiatry Medical Residency Program, São Francisco University Hospital, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Santos
- Institute of Biophysics of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR/Cibb), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Denise Gonçalves Priolli
- Department of Coloproctology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Medical School from Pitágoras Faculty, Codó, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Sciani
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
180
|
Wu M, Northen TR, Ding Y. Stressing the importance of plant specialized metabolites: omics-based approaches for discovering specialized metabolism in plant stress responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1272363. [PMID: 38023861 PMCID: PMC10663375 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1272363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a diverse range of specialized metabolites that play pivotal roles in mediating environmental interactions and stress adaptation. These unique chemical compounds also hold significant agricultural, medicinal, and industrial values. Despite the expanding knowledge of their functions in plant stress interactions, understanding the intricate biosynthetic pathways of these natural products remains challenging due to gene and pathway redundancy, multifunctionality of proteins, and the activity of enzymes with broad substrate specificity. In the past decade, substantial progress in genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics has made the exploration of plant specialized metabolism more feasible than ever before. Notably, recent advances in integrative multi-omics and computational approaches, along with other technologies, are accelerating the discovery of plant specialized metabolism. In this review, we present a summary of the recent progress in the discovery of plant stress-related specialized metabolites. Emphasis is placed on the application of advanced omics-based approaches and other techniques in studying plant stress-related specialized metabolism. Additionally, we discuss the high-throughput methods for gene functional characterization. These advances hold great promise for harnessing the potential of specialized metabolites to enhance plant stress resilience in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Trent R. Northen
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Yezhang Ding
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Zhu Y, Yuzuak S, Sun X, Xie DY. Identification and biosynthesis of plant papanridins, a group of novel oligomeric flavonoids. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1773-1793. [PMID: 37749887 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of novel flavonoids and elucidation of their biosynthesis are fundamental to understanding their roles in plants and their benefits for human and animal health. Here, we report a new pathway for polymerization of a group of novel oligomeric flavonoids in plants. We engineered red cells for discovering genes of interest involved in the flavonoid pathway and identified a gene encoding a novel flavanol polymerase (FP) localized in the central vacuole. FP catalyzes the polymerization of flavanols, such as epicatechin and catechin, to produce yellowish dimers or oligomers. Structural elucidation shows that these compounds feature a novel oligomeric flaven-flavan (FF) skeleton linked by interflavan-flaven and interflaven bonds, distinguishing them from proanthocyanidins and dehydrodicatechins. Detailed chemical and physical characterizations further confirmed the novel FFs as flavonoids. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that FP polymerizes flavan-3-ols and flav-2-en-3-ol carbocation, forming dimeric or oligomeric flaven-4→8-flavans, which we term "papanridins." Data from transgenic experiments, mutant analysis, metabolic profiling, and phylogenetic analyses show that the biosynthesis of papanridins is prevalent in cacao, grape, blueberry, corn, rice, Arabidopsis, and other species in the plant kingdom. In summary, our study discoveries a group of novel oligomeric flavonoids, namely papanridins, and reveals that a novel FP-mediated polymerization mechanism for the biosynthesis of papanridins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Seyit Yuzuak
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - De-Yu Xie
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Guelfi G, Pasquariello R, Anipchenko P, Capaccia C, Pennarossa G, Brevini TAL, Gandolfi F, Zerani M, Maranesi M. The Role of Genistein in Mammalian Reproduction. Molecules 2023; 28:7436. [PMID: 37959856 PMCID: PMC10647478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a natural compound belonging to flavonoids, having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic properties. Genistein is considered a phytoestrogen. As such, genistein can bind estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), although with a lower affinity than that of estradiol. Despite considerable work, the effects of genistein are not well established yet. This review aims to clarify the role of genistein on female and male reproductive functions in mammals. In females, at a high dose, genistein diminishes the ovarian activity regulating several pathway molecules, such as topoisomerase isoform I and II, protein tyrosine kinases (v-src, Mek-4, ABL, PKC, Syk, EGFR, FGFR), ABC, CFTR, Glut1, Glut4, 5α-reductase, PPAR-γ, mitogen-activated protein kinase A, protein histidine kinase, and recently circulating RNA-miRNA. The effect of genistein on pregnancy is still controversial. In males, genistein exerts an estrogenic effect by inducing testosterone biosynthesis. The interaction of genistein with both natural and synthetic endocrine disruptors has a negative effect on testis function. The positive effect of genistein on sperm quality is still in debate. In conclusion, genistein has a potentially beneficial effect on the mechanisms regulating the reproduction of females and males. However, this is dependent on the dose, the species, the route, and the time of administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Guelfi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Rolando Pasquariello
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Polina Anipchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Camilla Capaccia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Georgia Pennarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Tiziana A. L. Brevini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Massimo Zerani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Margherita Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Hwang SY, Wi K, Yoon G, Lee CJ, Lee SI, Jung JG, Jeong HW, Kim JS, Choi CH, Na CS, Shim JH, Lee MH. Licochalcone D Inhibits Skin Epidermal Cells Transformation through the Regulation of AKT Signaling Pathways. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:682-691. [PMID: 37899745 PMCID: PMC10616519 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transformation induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a critical event in cancer initiation and progression, and understanding the underlying mechanisms is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Licorice extract contains various bioactive compounds, which have been reported to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the cancer preventive efficacy of licochalcone D (LicoD), a chalcone derivative in licorice extract, in EGF and TPA-induced transformed skin keratinocyte cells. LicoD effectively suppressed EGF-induced cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony growth. EGF and TPA promoted the S phase of cell cycle, while LicoD treatment caused G1 phase arrest and down-regulated cyclin D1 and up-regulated p21 expression associated with the G1 phase. LicoD also induced apoptosis and increased apoptosis-related proteins such as cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-7, and Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein). We further investigated the effect of LicoD on the AKT signaling pathway involved in various cellular processes and found decreased p-AKT, p-GSK3β, and p-NFκB expression. Treatment with MK-2206, an AKT pharmacological inhibitor, suppressed EGF-induced cell proliferation and transformed colony growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of LicoD as a preventive agent for skin carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanhwan Wi
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong-In Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-gil Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sang Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Heon Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Su Na
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Muzammil K, Kzar MH, Mohammed F, Mohammed ZI, Hamood SA, Hussein TK, Hanoon SJ, Qasim MT, Hussien Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Methanol extract of Iraqi Kurdistan Region Daphne mucronata as a potent source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents for the synthesis of novel and bioactive polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers. Front Chem 2023; 11:1287870. [PMID: 37954957 PMCID: PMC10634434 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1287870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, aqueous, ethanol, methanol, and hexane extracts from Iraqi Kurdistan Region Daphne mucronata were prepared due to the numerous applications and development of nanofibers in biological and medical fields, including food packaging, enzyme stabilization, and wound dressing. In the initial evaluation of the extracts, the antioxidant properties against DPPH, antimicrobial properties against 3-gram-positive bacterial species, 3-gram negative bacterial species, 3-common bacterial species between aquatic and human, and 3-fungal species, and anticancer properties against breast cancer cells were performed. The results proved that the methanol extract has the highest antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. After identifying the compounds of prepared methanol extract using GC/MS, polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers containing methanol extract of Daphne mucronata were prepared. The structure and characteristics of prepared nanofibers were confirmed and determined using FTIR, TGA, BET, SEM, flexural strength, compressive strength, and hydrophilicity. Synthesized polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers containing methanol extract of D. mucronata were subjected to antimicrobial properties on the strains studied in methanol extract of D. mucronata. The antimicrobial properties of synthesized polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers containing methanol extract of D. mucronata were compared. The results showed that synthesized polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers containing methanol extract of D. mucronata have the potential to introduction bioactive natural synthesis nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin Hadi Kzar
- College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
| | - Faraj Mohammed
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
| | | | - Sarah A. Hamood
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Talib Kh. Hussein
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saheb Jubeir Hanoon
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq
| | - Maytham T. Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Monteiro-Alfredo T, Macedo MLR, de Picoli Souza K, Matafome P. New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15588. [PMID: 37958572 PMCID: PMC10648839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has several important biomes holding impressive fauna and flora biodiversity. Cerrado being one of the richest ones and a significant area in the search for new plant-based products, such as foods, cosmetics, and medicines. The therapeutic potential of Cerrado plants has been described by several studies associating ethnopharmacological knowledge with phytochemical compounds and therapeutic effects. Based on this wide range of options, the Brazilian population has been using these medicinal plants (MP) for centuries for the treatment of various health conditions. Among these, we highlight metabolic diseases, namely obesity and its metabolic alterations from metabolic syndrome to later stages such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have shown that adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine secretion and impaired free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and oxidative status, creating the basis for insulin resistance and glucose dysmetabolism. In this scenario, the great Brazilian biodiversity and a wide variety of phytochemical compounds make it an important candidate for the identification of pharmacological strategies for the treatment of these conditions. This review aimed to analyze and summarize the current literature on plants from the Brazilian Cerrado that have therapeutic activity against obesity and its metabolic conditions, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Radulescu DM, Surdu VA, Ficai A, Ficai D, Grumezescu AM, Andronescu E. Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review of the Principles and Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15397. [PMID: 37895077 PMCID: PMC10607471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, interest in nanotechnology has increased exponentially due to enhanced progress and technological innovation. In tissue engineering, the development of metallic nanoparticles has been amplified, especially due to their antibacterial properties. Another important characteristic of metal NPs is that they enable high control over the features of the developed scaffolds (optimizing their mechanical strength and offering the controlled release of bioactive agents). Currently, the main concern related to the method of synthesis of metal oxide NPs is the environmental impact. The physical and chemical synthesis uses toxic agents that could generate hazards or exert carcinogenicity/environmental toxicity. Therefore, a greener, cleaner, and more reliable approach is needed. Green synthetic has come as a solution to counter the aforementioned limitations. Nowadays, green synthesis is preferred because it leads to the prevention/minimization of waste, the reduction of derivatives/pollution, and the use of non-toxic (safer) solvents. This method not only uses biomass sources as reducing agents for metal salts. The biomolecules also cover the synthesized NPs or act as in situ capping and reducing agents. Further, their involvement in the formation process reduces toxicity, prevents nanoparticle agglomeration, and improves the antimicrobial activity of the nanomaterial, leading to a possible synergistic effect. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the green synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, from the synthesis routes, selected solvents, and parameters to their latest application in the biomedical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denisa-Maria Radulescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
| | - Vasile-Adrian Surdu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
| | - Alexandru-Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest National Polytechnic University of Science and Technology, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.-M.R.); (V.-A.S.); (A.F.); (D.F.); (A.-M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Mendez-Callejas G, Piñeros-Avila M, Yosa-Reyes J, Pestana-Nobles R, Torrenegra R, Camargo-Ubate MF, Bello-Castro AE, Celis CA. A Novel Tri-Hydroxy-Methylated Chalcone Isolated from Chromolaena tacotana with Anti-Cancer Potential Targeting Pro-Survival Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15185. [PMID: 37894866 PMCID: PMC10607159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R. M. King and H. Rob (Ch. tacotana) contains bioactive flavonoids that may have antioxidant and/or anti-cancer properties. This study investigated the potential anti-cancer properties of a newly identified chalcone isolated from the inflorescences of the plant Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R. M. King and H. Rob (Ch. tacotana). The chalcone structure was determined using HPLC/MS (QTOF), UV, and NMR spectroscopy. The compound cytotoxicity and selectivity were evaluated on prostate, cervical, and breast cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and autophagy induction were assessed through flow cytometry by detecting annexin V/7-AAD, active Casp3/7, and LC3B proteins. These results were supported by Western blot analysis. Mitochondrial effects on membrane potential, as well as levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins were analyzed using flow cytometry, fluorescent microscopy, and Western blot analysis specifically on a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. Furthermore, molecular docking (MD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to evaluate the interaction between the compounds and pro-survival proteins. The compound identified as 2',3,4-trihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxy chalcone inhibited the cancer cell line proliferation and induced apoptosis and autophagy. MDA-MB-231, a TNBC cell line, exhibited the highest sensitivity to the compound with good selectivity. This activity was associated with the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of the pro-apoptotic proteins, and reduction of anti-apoptotic proteins, thereby triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. The chalcone consistently interacted with anti-apoptotic proteins, particularly the Bcl-2 protein, throughout the simulation period. However, there was a noticeable conformational shift observed with the negative autophagy regulator mTOR protein. Future studies should focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer potential of the new chalcone and other flavonoids from Ch. tacotana, particularly against predominant cancer cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Mendez-Callejas
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Marco Piñeros-Avila
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Juvenal Yosa-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 # 59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia; (J.Y.-R.)
| | - Roberto Pestana-Nobles
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 # 59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia; (J.Y.-R.)
| | - Ruben Torrenegra
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - María F. Camargo-Ubate
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Andrea E. Bello-Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Crispin A. Celis
- Grupo de Investigación en Fitoquímica (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 # 40-62, Bogotá 1115511, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Suhail M, AlZahrani WM, Shakil S, Tarique M, Tabrez S, Zughaibi TA, Rehan M. Analysis of some flavonoids for inhibitory mechanism against cancer target phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) using computational tool. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1236173. [PMID: 37900167 PMCID: PMC10612336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1236173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide over the past few years. Some progress has been made in the development of more effective cancer therapeutics, resulting in improved survival rates. However, the desired outcome in the form of successful treatment is yet to be achieved. There is high demand for the development of innovative, inexpensive, and effective anticancer treatments using natural resources. Natural compounds have been increasingly discovered and used for cancer therapy owing to their high molecular diversity, novel biofunctionality, and minimal side effects. These compounds can be utilized as chemopreventive agents because they can efficiently inhibit cell growth, control cell cycle progression, and block several tumor-promoting signaling pathways. PI3K is an important upstream protein of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and a well-established cancer therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the small molecules, natural flavonoids, viz. quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, genistein, wogonin, daidzein, and flavopiridol for PI3Kγ kinase activity inhibition. In this study, the binding pose, interacting residues, molecular interactions, binding energies, and dissociation constants were investigated. Our results showed that these flavonoids bound well with PI3Kγ with adequate binding strength scores and binding energy ranging from (-8.19 to -8.97 Kcal/mol). Among the explored ligands, flavopiridol showed the highest binding energy of -8.97 Kcal/mol, dock score (-44.40), and dissociation constant term, p K d of 6.58 against PI3Kγ. Based on the above results, the stability of the most promising ligand, flavopiridol, against PI3Kγ was evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations for 200 ns, confirming the stable flavopiridol and PI3Kγ complex. Our study suggests that among the selected flavonoids specifically flavopiridol may act as potential inhibitors of PI3Kγ and could be a therapeutic alternative to inhibit the PI3Kγ pathway, providing new insights into rational drug discovery research for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan M. AlZahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazi Shakil
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Tarique
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A. Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Rehan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Alanazi AS, Alanazi MM, Elekhnawy E, Attallah NGM, Negm WA, El-Kadem AH. Plausible Protective Role of Encephalartos villosus Extract in Acetic-Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1431. [PMID: 37895902 PMCID: PMC10609761 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory ailment of the intestine associated with the upregulation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we aimed to assess the consequences of Encephalartos villosus (EV) Lem extract on acetic acid (AA)-induced UC. Rats were randomly classified into five groups, as follows: control, AA, AA + mesalazine, AA + EV (50 mg/kg), and AA + EV (100 mg/kg) groups. EV (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and mesalzine (100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 14 days before the induction of UC. On the last day of the experiment, colitis was provoked via the intra-rectal delivery of 3% AA. Then, after 24 h, the rats were sacrificed and their colon tissues were isolated and inspected. Interestingly, EV pretreatment substantially (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated colon weight/length ratio and ulcer area and normalized the histological changes and immunohistochemical features. In addition, EV efficiently reduced the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GS-PX) and catalase (CAT). EV (100 mg/kg) resulted in a downregulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and occludin expression levels. Concerning the anti-inflammatory mechanisms, EV reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) and inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels. It also decreased caspase-3 levels. Our results indicate that the oral intake of EV improves AA-induced colitis in rats through its antioxidative effects and the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the restoration of mucosal integrity. Consequently, EV may be an efficient therapeutic candidate for UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwag S. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Aya H. El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Wang YH, Gao XH, Li X, Ding YJ, Shi Q, Yang ZY, Peng D, Liu HR. Design, synthesis and the evaluation of cholinesterase inhibition and blood-brain permeability of daidzein derivatives or analogs. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:718-729. [PMID: 37291745 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a series of derivatives and analogs of daidzein were designed and synthesized to investigate cholinesterase inhibition and blood-brain barrier permeability. The enzyme assay showed that most of the compounds containing a tertiary amine group exhibit moderate cholinesterase inhibition, 7-hydroxychromone derivatives (absence of B ring of daidzein scaffold) only have a weaker bioactivity, while those compounds without the tertiary amine group have no bioactivity. Among them compound 15a (4'-N,N-dimethylaminoethoxy-7-methoxyisoflavone) appeared the best inhibitory activity (IC50 : 2.14 ± 0.31 μmol/L) and higher selectivity for AChE over BuChE (Ratio: 7.07). It was selected for the further investigation by UPLC-MS/MS. The results show that CBrain/Serum of compound 15a in mice was more than 2.87 within 240 min. This discovery may provide worthy information for the future development of central nervous drugs including but not limited to cholinesterase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hu'nan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Changsha health Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yu-Jie Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hu'nan University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hu'nan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hu'nan University, Changsha, China
| | - Dian Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Changsha health Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Hao-Ran Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hu'nan University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Lin C, Duan Y, Li R, Wang P, Sun Y, Ding X, Zhang J, Yan H, Zhang W, Peng B, Zhao L, Zhang C. Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway May Indirectly Affect Outcrossing Rate of Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Lines of Soybean. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3461. [PMID: 37836201 PMCID: PMC10575370 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is important for exploiting heterosis. Soybean (Glycine max L.) has a low outcrossing rate that is detrimental for breeding sterile lines and producing hybrid seeds. Therefore, the molecular mechanism controlling the outcrossing rate should be elucidated to increase the outcrossing rate of soybean CMS lines; (2) Methods: The male-sterile soybean lines JLCMS313A (with a high outcrossing rate; HL) and JLCMS226A (with a low outcrossing rate; LL) were used for a combined analysis of the transcriptome (RNA-seq) and the targeted phenol metabolome; (3) Results: The comparison between HL and LL detected 5946 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 81 phenolic metabolites. The analysis of the DEGs and differentially abundant phenolic metabolites identified only one common KEGG pathway related to flavonoid biosynthesis. The qRT-PCR expression for eight DEGs was almost consistent with the transcriptome data. The comparison of the cloned coding sequence (CDS) regions of the SUS, FLS, UGT, and F3H genes between HL and LL revealed seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) only in the F3H CDS. Moreover, five significant differentially abundant phenolic metabolites between HL and LL were associated with flavonoid metabolic pathways. Finally, on the basis of the SNPs in the F3H CDS, one derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) marker was developed to distinguish between HL and LL soybean lines; (4) Conclusions: The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway may indirectly affect the outcrossing rate of CMS sterile lines in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Lin
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yuetong Duan
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Rong Li
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Pengnian Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ding
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jingyong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Bao Peng
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Chunbao Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (C.L.); (Y.D.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Subramani RM, Lotha R, Shamprasad BR, Sridharan S, Natesan R, Nagarajan S, Sivasubramanian A. BBD optimized antioxidants of Crotalaria candicans and its nanoconjugates, exert potent in vivo anti-biofilm effects against MRSA. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16407. [PMID: 37775527 PMCID: PMC10541877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Crotalaria genus is extensively dispersed in tropical and subtropical provinces, and it is found to harbor antioxidant flavonoids. Response surface methodology-based optimization was carried out for the purpose of efficient extraction involving a suitable solvent which can maximize the yield along with higher total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TFC). Optimization conditions for extraction of C.candicans flavonoids (CCF) based on variables such as solvent, solid-solvent ratio and extraction temperature were evaluated. The optimized conditions were found as Solvent i.e., Aqueous-ethanol (53.42%), Solid-solvent ratio (1:15.83 w/v) and temperature (44.42 °C) and resulted to obtain the TFC as 176.23 mg QRET/g C. candicans extract with the yield 27.42 mg CCF/g (C. candicans dry weight). LC-MS analysis of CCF, revealed the presence of seven major flavonoids. The antioxidant flavonoids were further used to functionalize the zero-valent silver (ZVAgF) and copper (ZVCuF) nanoparticles. The ZVAgF and ZVCuF were investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry to confirm the presence of the zero valent metals and possible functional groups which capped the elemental metal. Further transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering method and zeta-potential studies were done to understand their respective structural and morphological properties. The efficacy of the as-prepared ZVAgF/ZVCuF as antibiofilm agents on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the mechanism studies have been explored. The MRSA-colony count from the infection zebrafish (in vivo) model, portrayed a reduction of > 1.9 fold for ZVCuF and > twofold for ZVAgF, with no alteration in liver morphology when treated with ZVAgF, implying that the nanoparticles were safe and biocompatible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya M Subramani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robert Lotha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhanuvalli R Shamprasad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sriram Sridharan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Natesan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saisubramanian Nagarajan
- Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arvind Sivasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
193
|
Nagre K, Singh N, Ghoshal C, Tandon G, Iquebal MA, Nain T, Bana RS, Meena A. Probing the potential of bioactive compounds of millets as an inhibitor for lifestyle diseases: molecular docking and simulation-based approach. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1228172. [PMID: 37823087 PMCID: PMC10562582 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1228172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Millets are becoming more popular as a healthy substitute for people with lifestyle disorders. They offer dietary fiber, polyphenols, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, protein, and antioxidants. The nutritional importance of millets leads to the present in-silico study of selective bioactive compounds docked against the targets of lifestyle diseases, viz., diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis using molecular docking and molecular simulations approach. Pharmacokinetic analysis was also carried out to analyse ADME properties and toxicity analysis, drug-likeliness, and finally target prediction for new targets for uncharacterized compounds or secondary targets for recognized molecules by Swiss Target Prediction was also done. The docking results revealed that the bioactive compound flavan-4-ol, among all the 50 compounds studied, best docked to all the four targets of lifestyle diseases, viz., Human dipeptidyl peptidase IV (-5.94 kcal mol-1 binding energy), Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (-6.49 kcal mol-1) diabetes-related enzyme, the Human angiotensin-converting enzyme (-6.31 kcal mol-1) which plays a significant role in hypertension, and Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (-4.67 kcal mol-1) for atherosclerosis. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis substantiates that the flavan-4-ol forms a better stability complex with all the targets. ADMET profiles further strengthened the candidature of the flavan-4-ol bioactive compound to be considered for trial as an inhibitor of targets DPPIV, SGLT2, PCSK9, and hACE. We suggest that more research be conducted, taking Flavon-4-ol into account where it can be used as standard treatment for lifestyle diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Nagre
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandrika Ghoshal
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Gitanjali Tandon
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarsem Nain
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Bana
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Meena
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, India
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Lin L, Chen DY, Scartelli C, Xie H, Merrill-Skoloff G, Yang M, Sun L, Saeed M, Flaumenhaft R. Plant flavonoid inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and viral replication. iScience 2023; 26:107602. [PMID: 37664626 PMCID: PMC10470319 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based flavonoids have been evaluated as inhibitors of β-coronavirus replication and as therapies for COVID-19 on the basis of their safety profile and widespread availability. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) has been implicated as a target for flavonoids in silico. Yet no comprehensive in vitro testing of flavonoid activity against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro has heretofore been performed. We screened 1,019 diverse flavonoids for their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Multiple structure-activity relationships were identified among active compounds such as enrichment of galloylated flavonoids and biflavones, including multiple biflavone analogs of apigenin. In a cell-based SARS-CoV-2 replication assay, the most potent inhibitors were apigenin and the galloylated pinocembrin analog, pinocembrin 7-O-(3''-galloyl-4'',6''-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-beta-D-glucose (PGHG). Molecular dynamic simulations predicted that PGHG occludes the S1 binding site via a galloyl group and induces a conformational change in Mpro. These studies will advance the development of plant-based flavonoids-including widely available natural products-to target β-coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da-Yuan Chen
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina Scartelli
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Huanzhang Xie
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Glenn Merrill-Skoloff
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mohsan Saeed
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Badmi R, Gogoi A, Doyle Prestwich B. Secondary Metabolites and Their Role in Strawberry Defense. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3240. [PMID: 37765404 PMCID: PMC10537498 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry is a high-value commercial crop and a model for the economically important Rosaceae family. Strawberry is vulnerable to attack by many pathogens that can affect different parts of the plant, including the shoot, root, flowers, and berries. To restrict pathogen growth, strawberry produce a repertoire of secondary metabolites that have an important role in defense against diseases. Terpenes, allergen-like pathogenesis-related proteins, and flavonoids are three of the most important metabolites involved in strawberry defense. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites are induced upon pathogen attack in strawberry, suggesting their transcriptional activation leads to a higher accumulation of the final compounds. The production of secondary metabolites is also influenced by the beneficial microbes associated with the plant and its environmental factors. Given the importance of the secondary metabolite pathways in strawberry defense, we provide a comprehensive overview of their literature and their role in the defense responses of strawberry. We focus on terpenoids, allergens, and flavonoids, and discuss their involvement in the strawberry microbiome in the context of defense responses. We discuss how the biosynthetic genes of these metabolites could be potential targets for gene editing through CRISPR-Cas9 techniques for strawberry crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Badmi
- School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Anupam Gogoi
- Department of Molecular Plant Biology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Barbara Doyle Prestwich
- School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Fideles SOM, Ortiz ADC, Reis CHB, Buchaim DV, Buchaim RL. Biological Properties and Antimicrobial Potential of Cocoa and Its Effects on Systemic and Oral Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:3927. [PMID: 37764711 PMCID: PMC10534671 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa is considered a functional food because it is a natural source of macro- and micronutrients. Thus, cocoa is rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids, methylxanthines and flavonoids. In addition to favoring the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, the bioactive components of cocoa can have an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect, providing numerous benefits for health. This literature review presents an overview of the effects of cocoa, fruit of the Theobroma cacao tree, on systemic and oral health. Several studies report that cocoa intake may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, immunological, inflammatory, metabolic and bone diseases, in addition to reducing the risk of vascular alterations and cognitive dysfunctions. On oral health, in vitro studies have shown that cocoa extract exerted an inhibitory effect on the growth, adherence and metabolism of cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria, also inhibiting acid production, glycosyltransferase enzyme activity and the synthesis of insoluble polysaccharides. Additionally, administration of cocoa extract reduced biofilm accumulation and caries development in animals infected with cariogenic species. Clinical studies also reported that the use of mouthwashes containing cocoa extract reduced Streptococcus mutans counts in saliva and dental biofilm formation. In short, these studies highlight the nutritional value of cocoa, considering its clinical applicability, stability and economic accessibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ortiz Moura Fideles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (S.O.M.F.); (A.d.C.O.); (C.H.B.R.)
| | - Adriana de Cássia Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (S.O.M.F.); (A.d.C.O.); (C.H.B.R.)
| | - Carlos Henrique Bertoni Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (S.O.M.F.); (A.d.C.O.); (C.H.B.R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil;
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil;
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (S.O.M.F.); (A.d.C.O.); (C.H.B.R.)
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Zagoskina NV, Zubova MY, Nechaeva TL, Kazantseva VV, Goncharuk EA, Katanskaya VM, Baranova EN, Aksenova MA. Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13874. [PMID: 37762177 PMCID: PMC10531498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common compounds of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic of all plant cells and is carried out with the participation of the shikimate and acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, polyphenols of various structures are formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and various oligomeric and polymeric compounds of phenolic nature. Their number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity of phenolics affects their biological activity and functional role. Most of their representatives are characterized by interaction with reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only in plants but also in the human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high biological activity, phenolic compounds are successfully used as medicines and nutritional supplements for the health of the population. The accumulation and biosynthesis of polyphenols in plants depend on many factors, including physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic, and environmental factors. In the review, we present the latest literature data on the structure of various classes of phenolic compounds, their antioxidant activity, and their biosynthesis, including their molecular genetic aspects (genes and transfactors). Since plants grow with significant environmental changes on the planet, their response to the action of abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, and heavy metals) at the level of accumulation and composition of these secondary metabolites, as well as their metabolic regulation, is considered. Information is given about plant polyphenols as important and necessary components of functional nutrition and pharmaceutically valuable substances for the health of the population. Proposals on promising areas of research and development in the field of plant polyphenols are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Zagoskina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Maria Y. Zubova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Tatiana L. Nechaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Varvara V. Kazantseva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Evgenia A. Goncharuk
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Vera M. Katanskaya
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia;
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Aksenova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
May N, de Sousa Alves Neri JL, Clunas H, Shi J, Parkes E, Dongol A, Wang Z, Jimenez Naranjo C, Yu Y, Huang XF, Charlton K, Weston-Green K. Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Plants and Plant-Based Medicines: Relevance to Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:3912. [PMID: 37764696 PMCID: PMC10535096 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common characteristic of psychiatric, neurological, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, compounds that are neuroprotective and reduce oxidative stress may be of interest as novel therapeutics. Phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content, ORAC and DPPH free radical scavenging, and Cu2+ and Fe2+ chelating capacities were examined in variations (fresh/capsule) of Queen Garnet plum (QGP, Prunus salicina), black pepper (Piper nigrum) clove (Syzygium aromaticum), elderberry (Sambucus nigra), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and sage (Salvia officinalis), plus two blends (Astralagus membranaceus-lemon balm-rich, WC and R8). The ability of samples to prevent and treat H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells was investigated. Pre-treatment with WC, elderberry, QGP, and clove prevented the oxidative stress-induced reduction in cell viability, demonstrating a neuroprotective effect. Elderberry increased cell viability following oxidative stress induction, demonstrating treatment effects. Clove had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH, and Cu2+ chelating capacities, whereas QGP and elderberry were highest in anthocyanins. Black pepper had the highest ORAC and Fe2+ chelating capacity. These findings demonstrate that plant extracts can prevent and treat oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of neuron-like cells in vitro. Further research into phytochemicals as novel therapeutics for oxidative stress in the brain is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi May
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Julianna Lys de Sousa Alves Neri
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Helen Clunas
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jiahua Shi
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Ella Parkes
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Anjila Dongol
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zhizhen Wang
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Carlos Jimenez Naranjo
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Karen Charlton
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Katrina Weston-Green
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Szoka L, Nazaruk J, Giegiel J, Isidorov V. Prolidase-proline oxidase axis is engaged in apoptosis induction by birch buds flavonol santin in endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1247536. [PMID: 37745688 PMCID: PMC10512030 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1247536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the corpus uteri and cervix uteri, collectively ranks second among new cancer cases in women after breast cancer. Therefore, investigation of new anticancer agents and identifying new molecular targets presents a challenge to improve effectiveness of chemotherapy. In this study, antiproliferative activity of flavonoids derived from the buds of silver birch and downy birch was evaluated in endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells and cervical cancer HeLa cells. It was found that flavanol santin reduced viability of both cell lines better than other flavonoids, including apigenin and luteolin. Moreover, this activity was slightly higher than that induced by the chemotherapy drug, cisplatin. Santin promoted intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways in cancer cells, but it had low toxicity in normal fibroblasts. The mechanisms of impairing cancer cell viability included induction of oxidative proline catabolism, however in different ways in the cell lines used. In HeLa cells, increase of proline oxidation was due to activation of p53 leading to proline oxidase upregulation. In contrast, in Ishikawa cells, having basal proline oxidase level significantly higher than HeLa cells, santin treatment decreased its expression. Nevertheless, proline oxidation was induced in these cells since santin increased expression and activity of prolidase, an enzyme providing proline from protein degradation. In both cell lines, proline oxidation was associated with generation of reactive oxygen species leading to reduction in cell viability. Our findings reveal the involvement of proline oxidase in induction of apoptosis by santin and identify a role of prolidase in proline oxidase-dependent apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Szoka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Nazaruk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Giegiel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Valery Isidorov
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Białystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
200
|
Iqbal I, Wilairatana P, Saqib F, Nasir B, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal A, Naz R, Mubarak MS. Plant Polyphenols and Their Potential Benefits on Cardiovascular Health: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6403. [PMID: 37687232 PMCID: PMC10490098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits, vegetables, and other food items contain phytochemicals or secondary metabolites which may be considered non-essential nutrients but have medicinal importance. These dietary phytochemicals exhibit chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against numerous diseases. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites found in vegetables, fruits, and grains. These compounds exhibit several health benefits such as immune modulators, vasodilators, and antioxidants. This review focuses on recent studies on using dietary polyphenols to treat cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis, and vascular endothelium deficits. We focus on exploring the safety of highly effective polyphenols to ensure their maximum impact on cardiac abnormalities and discuss recent epidemiological evidence and intervention trials related to these properties. Kaempferol, quercetin, and resveratrol prevent oxidative stress by regulating proteins that induce oxidation in heart tissues. In addition, polyphenols modulate the tone of the endothelium of vessels by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation to prevent atherosclerosis. In cardiomyocytes, polyphenols suppress the expression of inflammatory markers and inhibit the production of inflammation markers to exert an anti-inflammatory response. Consequently, heart diseases such as strokes, hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease could be prevented by dietary polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Bushra Nasir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Ahmar Iqbal
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China;
| | - Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | | |
Collapse
|