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Virgin Olive Oil and Health: Summary of the III International Conference on Virgin Olive Oil and Health Consensus Report, JAEN (Spain) 2018. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092039. [PMID: 31480506 PMCID: PMC6770785 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered as the foremost dietary regimen and its adoption is associated with the prevention of degenerative diseases and an extended longevity. The preeminent features of the Mediterranean diet have been agreed upon and the consumption of olive oil stands out as the most peculiar one. Indeed, the use of olive oil as the nearly exclusive dietary fat is what mostly characterizes the Mediterranean area. Plenty of epidemiological studies have correlated that the consumption of olive oil was associated with better overall health. Indeed, extra virgin olive oil contains (poly)phenolic compounds that are being actively investigated for their purported biological and pharma-nutritional properties. On 18 and 19 May 2018, several experts convened in Jaen (Spain) to discuss the most recent research on the benefits of olive oil and its components. We reported a summary of that meeting (reviewing several topics related to olive oil, not limited to health) and concluded that substantial evidence is accruing to support the widespread opinion that extra virgin olive oil should, indeed, be the fat of choice when it comes to human health and sustainable agronomy.
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152
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San-Juan-Rodriguez A, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Martín-Moreno JM, Rico-Campà A, Gea A. Oral contraceptives use and development of obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) Project. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:320-329. [PMID: 31467420 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of oral contraceptives (OC) has been suggested to represent a potential risk factor for the development of obesity. However, the available literature assessing the relationship between OC use and the development of obesity is still scarce and characterised by controversial heterogeneity. We prospectively evaluated the association between the use of OC and the development of obesity in female participants of a middle-aged and free-living cohort. METHODS The study population included 4920 female Spanish university graduates, initially nonobese women, with mean age (standard deviation) 28.2 (5.4) years. The study population was followed up for a mean of 8.6 (3.7) years. Self-reported use of OC and body mass index were assessed at baseline and biennially during follow-up. We used generalized estimating equation models to evaluate the association between exposure to OC and the development of obesity. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, baseline OC use was associated with higher odds of new-onset obesity during the full follow-up period (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.78; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.01-3.15). The continued use of OC for periods of time longer than 2 years was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing obesity (OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.17-6.82). CONCLUSIONS According to our prospective cohort study, OC use is significantly associated with higher odds of obesity development, especially when the use of OC is steady and extends over periods of more than 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro San-Juan-Rodriguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José M Martín-Moreno
- Department of Preventive Medicine & INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anaïs Rico-Campà
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. .,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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153
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Polenova NV, Kosura SD, Varaeva YR, Livancova EN, Starodubova AV. [Non-pharmaceutical treatment of dyslipidemia: review of current methods of diet and nutraceuticals]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 59:4-14. [PMID: 31441736 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of nutrition in the development and progression of atherosclerosis is well known. The correction of diet in patients with dyslipidemia is important as an independent intervention (in the group of patients with low and, partially, moderate cardiovascular risk), and as an addition to drug therapy in patients with at higher risk of cardiovascular events. The current review describes the effect of modern methods of diet therapy, as well as the use of a number of nutraceutical agents in terms of evidence-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Polenova
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology
| | - S D Kosura
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology
| | - Yu R Varaeva
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology
| | - E N Livancova
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology
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154
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Moreno-González R, Juan ME, Planas JM. Table olive polyphenols: A simultaneous determination by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1609:460434. [PMID: 31416621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Table olives contain a wide range of polyphenols responsible for protective effects on health that have been associated with a lower prevalence of chronic diseases. A new method to identify and quantify these compounds in table olives, by means of methanol:ethanol (1:1; v/v) extraction followed by LC-ESI-MS/MS, has been developed and validated. The chromatographic column Eclipse-XDB-C18, never used before in this kind of application, provided the best results using Milli-Q water with 0.025% acetic acid and acetonitrile with 5% acetone as eluents. This method allows the quantification of 17 polyphenols, namely, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, salidroside, hydroxytyrosol acetate, catechol, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, verbascoside; oleuropein; pinoresinol, apigenin, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin and rutin. The new method has been validated and shows linear correlations (R2>0.996), recoveries superior to 95%, high sensitivity, adequate precision and accuracy (RSD < 15%) as well as a short chromatographic analysis of 9 min. Its application to the analysis of Marfil table olives enabled the quantification of 15 polyphenols, among which hydroxytyrosol (384.1 ± 81.2 mg/kg), tyrosol (201.2 ± 3.8 mg/kg), luteolin (88.0 ± 3.8 mg/kg) and salidroside (85.9 ± 3.2 mg/kg) stand out. Furthermore, this method allows to assess whether the intake of a certain number of olives can meet the health claim associated to olive oil polyphenols (Reg. EU n.432/2012). Our results indicate that the daily intake of only 7 olives, which corresponds to 8 g of edible portion, provide an amount of hydroxytyrosol and derivatives (e.g. oleuropein complex and tyrosol) of 5 mg, according to the health claim of the EU. In view of the results, it could be stated that table olives are an excellent source of bioactive compounds, thus emerging as a promising functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Moreno-González
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Emília Juan
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joana M Planas
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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155
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Gómez-Donoso C, Martínez-González MÁ, Martínez JA, Gea A, Sanz-Serrano J, Perez-Cueto FJA, Bes-Rastrollo M. A Provegetarian Food Pattern Emphasizing Preference for Healthy Plant-Derived Foods Reduces the Risk of Overweight/Obesity in the SUN Cohort. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071553. [PMID: 31324022 PMCID: PMC6683267 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Provegetarian diets (i.e., preference for plant-derived foods but not exclusion of animal foods) have been associated with a reduced risk of long-term weight gain and could be more easily embraced than strict vegetarian diets. However, not all plant-derived foods are equally healthy. In the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) cohort, we prospectively evaluated the association between different provegetarian food patterns and the incidence of overweight/obesity in 11,554 participants with initial body mass index <25 kg/m2. A provegetarian food pattern (FP) was built by assigning positive scores to plant foods and reverse scores to animal foods. A healthful and an unhealthful provegetarian FP, which distinguished between healthy (fruits/vegetables/whole grains/nuts/legumes/olive oil/coffee) and less-healthy plant foods (fruit juices/potatoes/refined grains/pastries/sugary beverages), were also built. A total of 2320 new cases of overweight or obesity were identified after a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Higher baseline conformity with the overall provegetarian FP was inversely associated with overweight/obesity (HR comparing extreme quintiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.96; p-trend: 0.014). This association was stronger for the healthful FP (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.90; p-trend: <0.001) and was not apparent for the unhealthful FP (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.23; p-trend: 0.551). In a large prospective cohort of relatively young adults, better conformity with a healthy provegetarian diet was associated with a reduced long-term risk of overweight/obesity, whereas no consistent trend was found for a FP that emphasized less-healthy plant foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gómez-Donoso
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Biomedical Research Centre Network of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julen Sanz-Serrano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Federico J A Perez-Cueto
- Food Design and Consumer Behavior Section, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Centre Network of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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156
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Dean E. Health Competencies: The C.R.A.N.E. JOURNAL/carpt/04.03/01823246-201907000-00002/inline-graphic1/v/2021-01-21T100215Z/r/image-tiff. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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157
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The Effect of Processing on Digestion of Legume Proteins. Foods 2019; 8:foods8060224. [PMID: 31238515 PMCID: PMC6616939 DOI: 10.3390/foods8060224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The domestic processing methods, soaking, cooking (traditional, microwave, pressure), and baking and the industrial processing, autoclaving, baking, and extrusion are used to improve consumption of legumes. The growing awareness of both health and sustainability turns the focus on protein (bio)availability. This paper reports the effect of these processing methods on the legume protein digestibility. Overall, the protein digestibility increases after processing by the different methods. However, since both the type of legume and the applied methods differ it cannot be concluded which specific method is best for the individual legume type.
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158
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the recent scientific evidence regarding the wellness-promoting capacity of the Mediterranean lifestyle (ML), with a special focus on physical, social and environmental wellness. DESIGN Narrative review of English-language publications in PubMed, Scopus and Embase, from 1 January 2010 to 31 October 2018. SETTING Prospective cohort studies, interventional studies, meta-analyses and reviews of those investigating the effect of at least one component of the ML on wellness parameters. PARTICIPANTS General population. RESULTS Although an explicit definition of ML is missing, compliance with various combinations of its components improves metabolic health and protects against or ameliorates disease state. However, there is heterogeneity in the healthy behaviours that the ML-focused studies include in their design and the way these are assessed. Also, despite that features of the ML could contribute to other wellness dimensions, there are no studies exploring the effect this healthy lifestyle could confer to them. CONCLUSIONS Chronic lifestyle diseases are of multifactorial aetiology and they warrant multifaceted approaches targeting the general way of living. ML, if thoroughly evaluated, can provide a valuable tool to holistically promote health and wellness.
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159
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Garcia-Arellano A, Martínez-González MA, Ramallal R, Salas-Salvadó J, Hébert JR, Corella D, Shivappa N, Forga L, Schröder H, Muñoz-Bravo C, Estruch R, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Rekondo J, Toledo E, Razquin C, Ruiz-Canela M, Alonso A, Barrio Lopez M, Basterra-Gortari F, Benito Corchon S, Bes-Rastrollo M, Beunza J, Carlos S, Cervantes S, de Irala J, de la Rosa P, de la Fuente C, Donat-Vargas C, Donazar M, Fernandez Montero A, Gea A, Goni-Ochandorena E, Guillen-Grima F, Lahortiga F, Llorca J, Lopez del Burgo C, Mari-Sanchıs A, Marti A, Mendonça R, Nuñez-Cordoba J, Pimenta A, Rico A, Ruiz Zambrana A, Sayon-Orea C, Toledo-Atucha J, Vazquez Ruiz Z, Zazpe Garcıa I, Sánchez- Tainta A, Buil-Cosiales P, Díez-Espino J, Sanjulian B, Martínez J, Marti A, Serrano-Martínez M, Basterra-Gortari F, Extremera-Urabayen J, Garcia-Pérez L, Arroyo-Azpa C, Barcena A, Oreja-Arrayago C, Lasanta-Sáez M, Cia-Lecumberri P, Elcarte-Lopez T, Artal-Moneva F, Esparza-López J, Figuerido-Garmendia E, Tabar-Sarrias J, Fernández- Urzainqui L, Ariz-Arnedo M, Cabeza-Beunza J, Pascual-Pascual P, Martínez-Mazo M, Arina-Vergara E, Macua-Martínez T, Pascual Pascual P, Garcés Ducar M, Martí Massó R, Villanueva Moreno R, Parra-Osés A, Serra-Mir M, Pérez-Heras A, Viñas C, Casas R, Medina-Remon A, Villanueva P, Baena J, García M, Oller M, Amat J, Duaso I, García Y, Iglesias C, Simón C, Quinzavos L, Parra L, Liroz M, Benavent J, Clos J, Pla I, Amorós M, Bonet M, Martín M, Sánchez M, Altirriba J, Manzano E, Altés A, Cofán M, Valls-Pedret C, Sala-Vila A, Doménech M, Bulló M, Basora-Gallisa J, González R, Molina C, Mena G, Martínez P, Ibarrola N, Sorlí J, García Roselló J, Martin F, Tort N, Isach A, Babio N, Salas-Huetos A, Becerra-Tomás N, Rosique- Esteban N, Hernandez P, Canudas S, Papandreou C, Ferreira C, Cabre M, Mestres G, Paris F, Llauradó M, Pedret R, Basells J, Vizcaino J, Segarra R, Giardina S, Guasch-Ferré M, Díaz-López A, Fernández-Ballart J, Balanza R, Tello S, Vila J, de la Torre R, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Elosua R, Marrugat J, Schröder H, Molina N, Maestre E, Rovira A, Castañer O, Farré M, Sorli J, Carrasco P, Ortega-Azorín C, Asensio E, Osma R, Barragán R, Francés F, Guillén M, González J, Sáiz C, Portolés O, Giménez F, Coltell O, Fernández-Carrión R, Guillem-Sáiz P, González-Monje I, Quiles L, Pascual V, Riera C, Pages M, Godoy D, Carratalá-Calvo A, Sánchez-Navarro S, Valero-Barceló C, Salaverria I, Hierro TD, Algorta J, Francisco S, Alonso A, San Vicente J, Casi A, Sanz E, Felipe I, Rekondo J, Loma-Osorio A, Fernandez-Crehuet J, Garcia-Rodriguez A, Wärnberg J, Benitez Pont R, Bianchi Alba M, Navajas R, Gómez-Huelgas R, Martínez-González J, Velasco García V, de Diego Salas J, Baca Osorio A, Gil Zarzosa J, Sánchez Luque J, Vargas López E, Romaguera D, García-Valdueza M, Proenza A, Prieto R, Frontera G, Munuera S, Vivó M, Bestard F, Munar J, Coll L, Fiol F, Ginard M, Jover A, García J, Santos-Lozano J, Ortega-Calvo M, Leal M, Martínez E, Mellado L, Miró-Moriano L, Domínguez-Espinaco C, Vaquero- Diaz S, Iglesias P, Román P, Corchado Y, Lozano-Rodríguez J, Lamuela-Raventós R, López- Sabater M, Castellote-Bargalló A, Quifer-Rada P, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Alvarez-Pérez J, Díez Benítez E, Bautista Castaño I, Maldonado Díaz I, Sanchez-Villegas A, Férnandez- Rodríguez M, Sarmiendo de la Fe F, Simón García C, Falcón Sanabria I, Macías Gutiérrez B, Santana Santana A, de la Cruz E, Galera A, Pintó-Salas X, Trias F, Sarasa I, Rodríguez M, Corbella X, Corbella E, Goday A, Muñoz M, Cabezas C, Vinyoles E, Rovira M, Garcia L, Baby P, Ramos A, Mengual L, Roura P, Yuste M, Guarner A, Rovira A, Santamaria M, Mata M, de Juan C, Brau A, Fernandez M, Gutierrez E, Murillo C, Garcia J, Tafalla M, Bobe I, Díaz A, Araque M, Solis E, Cervello T, Montull I, Tur J, Portillo M, Sáez G. Dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in large cohorts: The SUN and PREDIMED studies. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:1221-1231. [PMID: 30651193 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rico-Campà A, Martínez-González MA, Alvarez-Alvarez I, Mendonça RDD, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Gómez-Donoso C, Bes-Rastrollo M. Association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all cause mortality: SUN prospective cohort study. BMJ 2019; 365:l1949. [PMID: 31142450 PMCID: PMC6538973 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all cause mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort of university graduates, Spain 1999-2018. PARTICIPANTS 19 899 participants (12 113 women and 7786 men) aged 20-91 years followed-up every two years between December 1999 and February 2014 for food and drink consumption, classified according to the degree of processing by the NOVA classification, and evaluated through a validated 136 item food frequency questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association between consumption of energy adjusted ultra-processed foods categorised into quarters (low, low-medium, medium-high, and high consumption) and all cause mortality, using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS 335 deaths occurred during 200 432 persons years of follow-up. Participants in the highest quarter (high consumption) of ultra-processed foods consumption had a higher hazard for all cause mortality compared with those in the lowest quarter (multivariable adjusted hazard ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 2.33) with a significant dose-response relation (P for linear trend=0.005). For each additional serving of ultra-processed foods, all cause mortality relatively increased by 18% (adjusted hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.33). CONCLUSIONS A higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (>4 servings daily) was independently associated with a 62% relatively increased hazard for all cause mortality. For each additional serving of ultra-processed food, all cause mortality increased by 18%. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02669602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Rico-Campà
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Clara Gómez-Donoso
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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161
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Rico-Campà A, Martínez-González MA, Alvarez-Alvarez I, Mendonça RDD, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Gómez-Donoso C, Bes-Rastrollo M. Association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all cause mortality: SUN prospective cohort study. BMJ 2019. [PMID: 31142450 DOI: 10.n36/bmj.l1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all cause mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort of university graduates, Spain 1999-2018. PARTICIPANTS 19 899 participants (12 113 women and 7786 men) aged 20-91 years followed-up every two years between December 1999 and February 2014 for food and drink consumption, classified according to the degree of processing by the NOVA classification, and evaluated through a validated 136 item food frequency questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association between consumption of energy adjusted ultra-processed foods categorised into quarters (low, low-medium, medium-high, and high consumption) and all cause mortality, using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS 335 deaths occurred during 200 432 persons years of follow-up. Participants in the highest quarter (high consumption) of ultra-processed foods consumption had a higher hazard for all cause mortality compared with those in the lowest quarter (multivariable adjusted hazard ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 2.33) with a significant dose-response relation (P for linear trend=0.005). For each additional serving of ultra-processed foods, all cause mortality relatively increased by 18% (adjusted hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.33). CONCLUSIONS A higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (>4 servings daily) was independently associated with a 62% relatively increased hazard for all cause mortality. For each additional serving of ultra-processed food, all cause mortality increased by 18%. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02669602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Rico-Campà
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Clara Gómez-Donoso
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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162
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Body shape trajectories and incidence of depression in the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) prospective cohort. J Affect Disord 2019; 251:170-179. [PMID: 30925268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIM The association between trajectories of body-shape from early childhood to early adulthood (first 40 years of life) and subsequent depression risk has not been explored before. We assessed this association in a prospective cohort of university graduates. METHODS We used a group-based modeling approach to assess the body shape trajectories from age 5 to 40 years, among 3888 women and 4124 men of the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) cohort study. All participants were free of depression at the beginning of the follow-up, and the occurrence of a new medical diagnosis of depression was evaluated every two years. RESULTS Four distinct trajectories for women and men were found ("lean-moderate increase", "medium-stable", "heavy-medium" and "heavy-marked increase" for women and "lean-marked increase", "medium-marked increase", "medium-stable" and "heavy-stable" for men). Among 78,475 person-years of follow-up a total of 351 incident cases of depression were identified. Among women, compared to those who maintained a medium body shape during life span ("medium-stable" trajectory), women who were heavy at childhood and had a marked increase in their body shape during early adult life ("heavy-marked increase" trajectory) showed significantly higher risk of a new-onset depression [HR = 1.92 (1.18-3.13)]. No association was observed in men between body-shape trajectories and subsequent risk of depression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in a Mediterranean cohort, women who were heavy at early childhood and showed marked increases in body shape during early adulthood were at higher risk of developing depression later in life.
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163
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Gómez-Donoso C, Sánchez-Villegas A, Martínez-González MA, Gea A, Mendonça RDD, Lahortiga-Ramos F, Bes-Rastrollo M. Ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of depression in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1093-1103. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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164
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Effect of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy on Children's Health: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050997. [PMID: 31052443 PMCID: PMC6566280 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Mediterranean diet has been shown to be a healthy eating pattern that protects against the development of many diseases in adults and children. Pregnancy is a critical period of plasticity during which foetal development may be significantly influenced by different environmental factors, including maternal nutrition. In this context, several studies have examined the potential benefits of adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on birth outcomes, considering the Mediterranean diet as a whole rather than focusing on the effect of its individual components. In this review, we systematically summarized and discussed results of studies investigating the protective role of Mediterranean diet against foetal growth, prematurity, neural tube defects and other congenital pathologies, asthma and allergy, body weight and metabolic markers. Although current data are insufficient and randomized control trials are needed, growing evidence suggests the beneficial effect of the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on children's health. In this sense, strategies aiming to promote adherence to this dietary pattern might be of considerable importance to public health.
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165
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Bazal P, Gea A, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Barrio-López MT, Martinez-González MA, Ruiz-Canela M. Olive oil intake and risk of atrial fibrillation in the SUN cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:450-457. [PMID: 30948307 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A Mediterranean-type diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil has been associated with a reduction in the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population at high cardiovascular risk. However, no study has replicated these findings. In our study, we analyzed the association between olive oil consumption and AF in the SUN project, a cohort with young Spanish adults at low cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We included all participants without prevalent AF at baseline (18,118 participants). Incident AF cases were confirmed by a cardiologist following a prespecified protocol. We used multivariable repeated-measurement Cox models adjusted for possible confounders (sex, age, BMI, and several classic cardiovascular risk factors). After a mean follow-up of 10.1 years, 94 AF incident cases were confirmed. Comparing to the lowest category of consumption (<7.9 g/d), the multivariable models showed hazard ratios (IC 95%) of 1.52 (0.93-2.48) for low-to-moderate, 1.44 (0.83-2.47) for moderate-to-high and 1.27 (0.56-2.86) for high olive oil intake. In a subgroup analysis stratified by overweight, an inverse although non-significant association was found only among overweight participants when we compared the highest vs the lowest category of consumption (p for interaction = 0.043). CONCLUSION No association between olive oil and AF was found in this low-risk cohort, although the effect of extra-virgin olive oil on AF prevention especially among people with overweight deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bazal
- Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - C de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M T Barrio-López
- Electrophysiology Laboratory and Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Monteprincipe, Grupo HM Hospitales, University CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Martinez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - M Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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166
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Molero P, Ruiz-Estigarribia L, Lahortiga-Ramos F, Sánchez-Villegas A, Bes-Rastrollo M, Escobar-González M, Martínez-González MÁ, Fernández-Montero A. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin and the risk of depression: The "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN)" cohort. J Affect Disord 2019; 247:161-167. [PMID: 30669075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential effect of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) to prevent depression remains largely unknown, in spite of the implication of inflammation in depression. This study aimed to investigate whether the habitual intake of aspirin and other NSAIDs was prospectively associated with a reduction in the observed incidence of depression. METHODS A dynamic cohort including 22,564 Spanish university graduates (mean age: 37 years) initially free of depression was followed during an average of 8.7 years. Exposure to NSAIDs was assessed with specific repeated questionnaires throughout follow-up, starting in the 2-year follow-up questionnaire. Incident cases of depression were defined as either a new validated medical diagnosis of depression or reporting the initiation of habitual use of antidepressants. RESULTS We identified 772 incident cases of depression. Regular intake of aspirin and other NSAIDs was not associated with depression risk. Only in secondary sensitivity analyses using a definition of the outcome with higher specificity (a validated medical diagnosis of depression), an inverse association of aspirin with depression was found [HR (95%CI): 0.20 (0.04-0.87)]. However, these results were non-significant after adjustment for multiple testing. LIMITATIONS A possible underestimation of incident depression and a limited ability to detect all possible residual confounding. CONCLUSIONS Regular use of NSAIDs was not associated with the incidence of depression. Further longitudinal controlled studies are necessary to clarify a potential role of aspirin use in depression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Molero
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Spain.
| | - Liz Ruiz-Estigarribia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisca Lahortiga-Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Spain.
| | - Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER Obn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Nutrition Research Group, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER Obn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER Obn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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167
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Muñoz-García MI, Martínez-González MA, Martín-Moreno JM, Razquin C, Cervantes S, Guillén-Grima F, Toledo E. Sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages and changes in cognitive function in the SUN project. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 23:946-954. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1580919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana I. Muñoz-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M Martín-Moreno
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Cervantes
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Guillén-Grima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine and University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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168
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Total polyphenol intake and breast cancer risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Br J Nutr 2019; 122:542-551. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPolyphenols are a wide family of phytochemicals present in diverse foods. They might play a role in cancer development and progression.In vivoandin vitrostudies have suggested beneficial properties and potential mechanisms. We aimed to evaluate the association between total and main classes of polyphenol intake and breast cancer (BC) risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project – a prospective Mediterranean cohort study. We included 10 713 middle-aged, Spanish female university graduates. Polyphenol intake was derived from a semi-quantitative FFQ and matching food consumption data from the Phenol-Explorer database. Women with self-reported BC were asked to return a copy of their medical report for confirmation purposes; death certificates were used for fatal cases. Cox models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for the association between tertiles (T) of polyphenol intake and BC. After 10·3 years of median follow-up, 168 probable incident BC cases were identified, out of which 100 were confirmed. We found no association between polyphenol intake and the overall BC risk. Nevertheless, we observed a significant inverse association between total polyphenol intake and BC risk for postmenopausal women, either for probable or only for confirmed cases (HRT3v.T10·31 (95 % CI 0·13, 0·77;Ptrend=0·010)). Also, phenolic acid intake was inversely associated with postmenopausal BC. In summary, we observed no significant association between total polyphenol intake and BC risk. Despite a low number of incident BC cases in our cohort, higher total polyphenol intake was associated with a lower risk of postmenopausal BC.
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169
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Healthy Lifestyle and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in the SUN Cohort. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010065. [PMID: 30598006 PMCID: PMC6357191 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the relationship between a healthy lifestyle and the subsequent risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) Project is a prospective cohort study, focused on nutrition, lifestyle, and chronic diseases. Participants (n = 10,807, mean age 37 years, 67% women) initially free of metabolic syndrome were followed prospectively for a minimum of 6 years. To evaluate healthy lifestyle, nine habits were used to derive a Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS): Never smoking, moderate to high physical activity (>20 MET-h/week), Mediterranean diet (≥4/8 adherence points), moderate alcohol consumption (women, 0.1–5.0 g/day; men, 0.1–10.0 g/day), low television exposure (<2 h/day), no binge drinking (≤5 alcoholic drinks at any time), taking a short afternoon nap (<30 min/day), meeting up with friends >1 h/day, and working at least 40 h/week. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the harmonizing definition. The association between the baseline HLS and metabolic syndrome at follow-up was assessed with multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions. During follow-up, we observed 458 (4.24%) new cases of metabolic syndrome. Participants in the highest category of HLS adherence (7–9 points) enjoyed a significantly reduced risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the lowest category (0–3 points) (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.47–0.93). Higher adherence to the Healthy Lifestyle Score was associated with a lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The HLS may be a simple metabolic health promotion tool.
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170
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Dantzer R, Cohen S, Russo SJ, Dinan TG. Resilience and immunity. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 74:28-42. [PMID: 30102966 PMCID: PMC6545920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience is the process that allows individuals to adapt to adverse conditions and recover from them. This process is favored by individual qualities that have been amply studied in the field of stress such as personal control, positive affect, optimism, and social support. Biopsychosocial studies on the individual qualities that promote resilience show that these factors help protect against the deleterious influences of stressors on physiology in general and immunity in particular. The reverse is also true as there is evidence that immune processes influence resilience. Most of the data supporting this relationship comes from animal studies on individual differences in the ability to resist situations of chronic stress. These data build on the knowledge that has accumulated on the influence of immune factors on brain and behavior in both animal and human studies. In general, resilient individuals have a different immunophenotype from that of stress susceptible individuals. It is possible to render susceptible individuals resilient and vice versa by changing their inflammatory phenotype. The adaptive immune phenotype also influences the ability to recover from inflammation-induced symptoms. The modulation of these bidirectional relationships between resilience and immunity by the gut microbiota opens the possibility to influence them by probiotics and prebiotics. However, more focused studies on the reciprocal relationship between resilience and immunity will be necessary before this can be put into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dantzer
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Sheldon Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustav L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland and Dept. of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Ireland
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171
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Navarro AM, Abasheva D, Martínez-González MÁ, Ruiz-Estigarribia L, Martín-Calvo N, Sánchez-Villegas A, Toledo E. Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Depression in a Middle-Aged Cohort: The SUN Project. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091333. [PMID: 30235886 PMCID: PMC6163886 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed drinks around the world, while depression is considered the major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. However, the investigation on coffee consumption and depression is limited and results may be confounded by the overall dietary pattern. We assessed the relationship between coffee intake and the risk of depression, controlling for adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We studied 14,413 university graduates of the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) cohort, initially free of depression. We evaluated coffee consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident depression cases were adjudicated only if the participant met two criteria simultaneously: (a) validated physician-diagnosed depression together with (b) new onset of habitual antidepressant use. Both criteria were needed; participants meeting only one of them were not classified as cases. Participants who drank at least four cups of coffee per day showed a significantly lower risk of depression than participants who drank less than one cup of coffee per day (HR: 0.37 (95% CI 0.15⁻0.95)). However, overall, we did not observe an inverse linear dose⁻response association between coffee consumption and the incidence of depression (p for trend = 0.22).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela M Navarro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Servicio Navarro de Salud Osasunbidea, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Daria Abasheva
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Á Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Liz Ruiz-Estigarribia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nerea Martín-Calvo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
- Nutrition Research Group, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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172
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Vitale M, Racca E, Izzo A, Giacco A, Parente E, Riccardi G, Giacco R. Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet in a population of South of Italy: factors involved and proposal of an educational field-based survey tool. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 70:195-201. [PMID: 29929406 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1481202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed and validated a tool assessing the adherence to the Mediterranean diet based on current nutritional recommendations for health promotion (MEDI-Quest). Four-hundred-and-eleven clinically healthy subjects completed both the MEDI-Quest-score and the validated MedDietScore (MDS). A good accordance between MEDI-Quest and MDS was observed (R = 0.638), as well as for the percentage of individuals having similar scores with both methods for each food group. Regarding socio-cultural-factors, higher adherence was observed in people with older-age (OR = 1.030, p < .0001), more qualifier-employment (OR = 1.136, p < .005), higher-income (OR = 1.925, p < .0001), interest in reading-food-labels (OR = 2.057, p < .0001), and having frequent physical activity (OR = 1.608, p < .05). In conclusion, our findings show that (1) the MEDI-Quest score well correlate with MDS, and (2) the adherence to the Mediterranean diet is not particularly high due to less cultural roots. It could be necessary to improve people's knowledge about food and nutrition, taking into consideration believes embedded in their family, tradition and religion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Vitale
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Emanuela Racca
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Arianna Izzo
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Angela Giacco
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Eugenio Parente
- b Department of Sciences , University of Basilicata , Potenza , Italy
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
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