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Carlini NA, Stump OE, Lumadue EJ, Harber MP, Fleenor BS. Aortic Stiffness Is Associated With Higher Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2024; 44:289-294. [PMID: 38875161 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between aortic stiffening and brachial and central ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP) in a nonclinical sample of middle-aged and older adults (MA/O). We hypothesized aortic stiffness would be positively associated with 24-hr, daytime, and nighttime brachial and central AMBP. METHODS Fifty-one participants aged ≥50 yr (21 males and 30 females, mean age 63.4 ± 9.0 yr) with a body mass index <35 kg/m 2 who also had a resting brachial blood pressure (BP) <160/100 mmHg with or without BP medications were recruited for this cross-sectional analysis. All participants underwent measures of aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and 24-hr AMBP monitoring. Bivariate correlations assessed the relationship between cfPWV, brachial, and central AMBP. Partial correlations were used to independently adjust for traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including age, sex, waist circumference, glucose, and augmentation index normalized to heart rate 75 bpm, a surrogate measure of arterial stiffness, and in a multivariable combined model. RESULTS Nighttime brachial systolic BP ( r = 0.31) and central systolic BP ( r = 0.30) were correlated with cfPWV in the multivariable combined model ( P ≤ .05). Nighttime brachial pulse pressure and central pulse pressure were correlated with cfPWV after independently adjusting for all CVD risk factors ( P ≤ .05, all) but not when combined in the multivariable model ( P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Higher nighttime brachial and central AMBP with older age are related, in part, to greater aortic stiffening. Therefore, interventions to lower or prevent aortic stiffening may also lower nighttime BP in MA/O adults to lower CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Carlini
- Author Affiliations: Clinical Exercise Physiology Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana (Dr Carlini, Mss Stump and Lumadue, and Drs Harber and Fleenor); and Physiology Department, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, Tennessee (Dr Fleenor)
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Ceresoli GL, Rossi G, Agustoni F, Bonomi L, Borghetti P, Bulotta A, Casartelli C, Cerea G, Colonese F, Del Signore E, Finocchiaro G, Gianoncelli L, Grisanti S, Maiolani M, Pagni F, Proto C, Rijavec E, Vittimberga I, Arcangeli S, Filippi AR. Management of patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era: An Italian consensus through a Delphi approach. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 199:104247. [PMID: 38307393 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy represented a turning point for treating extensive small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Although, many issues remain debated. METHODS A group of Italian medical and radiation oncologists with expertise in managing patients with ES-SCLC developed a list of statements divided in six areas of interest. The Delphi method was used to assess the consensus on the defined list of statements. RESULTS 32 statements were included in the final list to be voted by the Delphi panel, and 26 reached a consensus on the agreement. A prompt involvement of a multidisciplinary team is a priority to provide an integrated treatment strategy. First-line recommended treatment is immunotherapy in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and etoposide for four cycles followed by maintenance immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS While awaiting new data from clinical trials and real-world studies, these recommendations can represent a useful tool to guide the management of ES-SCLC patients in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Hospital Institute Fondazione Poliambulanza, Via Bissolati 57, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Agustoni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Bonomi
- Unit of Oncology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paolo Borghetti
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bulotta
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Cerea
- Niguarda Cancer Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Ester Del Signore
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IEO, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Finocchiaro
- Medical Oncology and Hematologic Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Istituto Clinico Humanitas-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Letizia Gianoncelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Martina Maiolani
- U.O.C Oncologia Medica ASST Valtellina e Alto Lario, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Claudia Proto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Rijavec
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Arcangeli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccardo Filippi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Radiation Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Burghart L, Ferenci P, Petrenko O, Mandorfer M, Schwarz M, Gschwantler M, Trauner M, Reiberger T, Stättermayer AF. Portal hypertension and its prognostic implications in patients with Wilson's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:257-266. [PMID: 38798050 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Wilson's disease may progress to cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). We aimed to assess the prevalence and prognostic impact of CSPH-related features on hepatic decompensation and transplant-free survival in patients with Wilson's disease. METHODS AND RESULTS About 137 patients with Wilson's disease (Leipzig score ≥4), followed for a median observation period of 9.0 (3.9-17.7) years at the Vienna General Hospital, were included in this retrospective study. Overall, 49 (35.8%) developed features of CSPH: 14 (10.2%) varices, 40 (29.2%) splenomegaly, 20 (14.6%) ascites, 18 (13.1%) hepatic encephalopathy and 3 (2.2%) experienced acute variceal bleeding. Overall, 8 (5.8%) patients died, including three deaths caused by CSPH-related complications. Within 10 years, compensated patients with features of CSPH developed more decompensation events (8.3% vs. 1.5% in patients without CSPH, p = 0.3) and had worse transplant-free-survival (91.7% vs. 98.6%), which further declined in patients with hepatic decompensation (26.7%, log-rank: p < 0.0001). Patients with liver stiffness <15 kPa and normal platelets (≥150 G/L) were less likely to decompensate within 10 years (2.6% vs. 8.4%, p = 0.002) and had a better 10-year transplant-free-survival (97.7% vs. 83.9%, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Patients with Wilson's disease developing features of CSPH are at an increased risk for hepatic decompensation and liver-related mortality, warranting for regular screening and timely initiation of effective CSPH-directed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Burghart
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
- Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ferenci
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleksandr Petrenko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mattias Mandorfer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schwarz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gschwantler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
- Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Reiberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Albert Friedrich Stättermayer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Center of the European Reference Network for Rare Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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154
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Lu X, Yang R, Chen Y, Chen D. Evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of NAD supplementation in management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Key considerations. Clin Mol Hepatol 2024; 30:582-584. [PMID: 38163440 PMCID: PMC11261228 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lu
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daozhen Chen
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory, Haidong Second People’s Hospital, Haidong, China
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155
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Su D, Song Y, Li D, Yang S, Zhan S, Zhong T, Guo J, Cao J, Li L, Zhang H, Wang L. Cold exposure affects glucose metabolism, lipid droplet deposition and mitophagy in skeletal muscle of newborn goats. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 88:106847. [PMID: 38479188 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Cold exposure is a common stressor for newborn goats. Skeletal muscle plays an important role in maintaining whole-body homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of skeletal muscle of newborn goats by cold exposure remains unclear. In this study, we found a significant increase (P < 0.01) in serum glucagon levels after 24 h of cold exposure (COLD, 6°C), while glucose and insulin concentrations were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared to room temperature (RT, 25°C). Additionally, we found that cold exposure reduced glycogen content (P < 0.01) in skeletal muscle. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that cold exposure activated skeletal muscle glucose metabolism pathways (including insulin resistance and the insulin signaling pathway) and mitophagy-related pathways. Cold exposure up-regulated the expression of genes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, promoting skeletal muscle lipid deposition. Notably, cold exposure induced mitophagy in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Su
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulong Song
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Die Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shizhong Yang
- Institute of Liangshan Agricultural Science Research, Xichang 615042, China
| | - Siyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaxue Cao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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156
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Huang C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Li Z, Li M, Ren M, Yin J, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Zhu X, Sun Z. A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study of Gut Microbiota and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. J Nutr 2024; 154:1994-2005. [PMID: 38642744 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal nature of gut microbiota and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is still obscure regardless of evidence supporting their observational correlations. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this research is to investigate the potentially pathogenic or protective causal impacts of specific gut microbiota on various neuroimaging subtypes of CSVD. METHODS We obtained the latest summary-level genome-wide databases for gut microbiota and 9 CSVD traits. The univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted to examine the possible causal link between exposure and outcome. Meanwhile, we conducted sensitivity analyses sequentially, containing the heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analysis. Additionally, to clarify the potential bidirectional causality, the causality from CSVD traits to the identified gut microbiota was implemented through reverse MR analysis. RESULTS The univariable MR analysis identified 22 genetically predicted bacterial abundances that were correlated with CSVD traits. Although conditioning on macronutrient dietary compositions, 2 suggestive relationships were retained using the multivariable MR analysis. Specifically, the class Negativicutes and order Selenomonadales exhibited a negative causal association with strictly lobar cerebral microbleeds, one neuroimaging trait of CSVD. There is insufficient evidence indicating the presence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Furthermore, the identified causal relationship was not driven by any single nucleotide polymorphism. The results of the reverse MR analysis did not reveal any statistically significant causality from CSVD traits to the identified gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated several suggestive causal effects from gut microbiota to different neuroimaging subtypes of CSVD. These findings provided a latent understanding of the pathogenesis of CSVD from the perspective of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengmeng Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiabin Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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157
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Wang X, Sun J, Zhang X, Chen W, Cao J, Hu H. Metagenomics reveals unique gut mycobiome biomarkers in psoriasis. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13822. [PMID: 38970783 PMCID: PMC11227279 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In present, the diagnosis of psoriasis is mainly based on the patient's typical clinical manifestations, dermoscopy and skin biopsy, and unlike other immune diseases, psoriasis lacks specific indicators in the blood. Therefore, we are required to search novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of psoriasis. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the composition and the differences of intestinal fungal communities composition between psoriasis patients and healthy individuals in order to find the intestinal fungal communities associated with the diagnosis of psoriasis. We built a machine learning model and identified potential microbial markers for the diagnosis of psoriasis. RESULTS The results of AUROC (area under ROC) showed that Aspergillus puulaauensis (AUROC = 0.779), Kazachstania africana (AUROC = 0.750) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (AUROC = 0.745) had high predictive ability (AUROC > 0.7) for predicting psoriasis, While Fusarium keratoplasticum (AUROC = 0.670) was relatively lower (AUROC < 0.7). CONCLUSION The strategy based on the prediction of intestinal fungal communities provides a new idea for the diagnosis of psoriasis and is expected to become an auxiliary diagnostic method for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of DermatologyLianyungang Oriental HospitalLianyungangChina
| | - Jiaxin Sun
- Department of DermatologyLianyungang Oriental HospitalLianyungangChina
| | - Xiandan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsShenzhen Hospital of University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of DermatologyLianyungang Oriental HospitalLianyungangChina
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of DermatologyLianyungang Oriental HospitalLianyungangChina
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’anHuai’anChina
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158
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Putri IL, Alyssa A, Aisyah IF, Permatasari AAIY, Pramanasari R, Wungu CDK. The efficacy of topical oxygen therapy for wound healing: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14960. [PMID: 38984473 PMCID: PMC11234139 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In preclinical studies, topical oxygen treatment (TOT) was shown to enhance wound healing by applying supplemental oxygen topically to the surface of a moist wound at normobaric conditions. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a thorough evaluation of published RCTs and observational studies that compare supplemental TOT with standard wound care. A total of 1077 studies were obtained from a variety of databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, EU Clinical Trial Registers, and Preprints.org. The Jadad scale was employed to assess the reliability of RCT studies, while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was employed to assess the quality of observational studies. Seven RCT studies (n = 692) and two controlled observational studies (n = 111) were analysed. The rate of healed wounds was 25.8% in the control group and 43.25% in the adjuvant TOT group, which shows the use of TOT significantly increased the number of healed wounds (RR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.18-2.64; p = 0.005). A significant decrease in the percentage of wound area was found in the TOT group in RCT studies (mean difference = 15.64; 95% CI 5.22-26.06; p = 0.003). In observational studies, the rate of healed wounds was 37.5% in the standard care group and 80.95% in the adjuvant TOT group, which shows a significant increase in the number of healed wounds in the adjuvant TOT group (RR = 2.15; 95% CI 1.46-3.15; p < 0.00001). Topical oxygen therapy is considered a great adjuvant therapy for chronic wound healing, particularly wounds with vascular compromise such as diabetic ulcers and pressure ulcers. Further studies on this topic are still needed as there are a lot of potential uses for this technology in various types of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indri Lakhsmi Putri
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Unit, Airlangga University Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agnesia Alyssa
- Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Unit, Airlangga University Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Imaniar Fitri Aisyah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Rachmaniar Pramanasari
- Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Unit, Airlangga University Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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159
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An H, Dai H, Liu X. Changing Trends in the Global Disease Burden of Pancreatic Cancer from 1990 to 2030. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2450-2461. [PMID: 38722410 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the global burden of pancreatic cancer (PC) from 1990 to 2019, evaluate independent effects of age, period, and cohort on the incidence of PC, and predict the incidence of PC in the next decade. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We calculated the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rate, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of PC. Joinpoint Poisson regression analysis was performed to identify the temporal trends in the incidence of PC. Then, a two-factor model was constructed using the Poisson log-linear model, and a three-factor model was constructed using the intrinsic estimator (IE) method to estimate the independent effects of age, period, and cohort on the incidence of PC. Finally, the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was also used to predict the age-standardized global incidence rate of PC and age-standardized new PC cases from 2020 to 2030. RESULTS Overall, the DALY rate, ASMR, ASIR, and ASPR all increased from 1990 to 2019. The ASIR in males increased from 6 per 100,000 in 1990 to 7.5 per 100,000 in 2019 and was predicted to rise to 8.2 per 100,000 by 2030. Meanwhile, the ASIR in females rose from 4.5 per 100,000 in 1990 to 5.7 per 100,000 in 2019 and was predicted to rise to 6.3 per 100,000 by 2030. The age effect on the incidence of PC showed sharp increasing trends from 40 to 79 years. The period effect continuously increased with advancing periods, but the cohort effect showed substantial decreasing trends. CONCLUSIONS The age and period effect on the incidence of PC presented increasing trends, while the cohort effect showed decreasing trends. All indicators of the global burden of PC are increasing in both males and females, and the ASIR is predicted to rise at an alarming rate by 2030. Thus, timely screening and intervention are recommended, especially for earlier birth cohorts at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu An
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Hanqian Dai
- Tianyuan Honors School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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160
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Lu G, Gao D, Jiang W, Yu X, Tong J, Liu X, Qiao T, Wang R, Zhang M, Wang S, Yang J, Li D, Lv Z. Disrupted gut microecology after high-dose 131I therapy and radioprotective effects of arachidonic acid supplementation. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:2395-2408. [PMID: 38561516 PMCID: PMC11178657 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the potential radiotoxicity in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with high-dose 131I therapy, the alterations and regulatory mechanisms dependent on intestinal microecology remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites in DTC patients suffering from high-dose 131I therapy and explore the radioprotective mechanisms underlying arachidonic acid (ARA) treatment. METHODS A total of 102 patients with DTC were recruited, with fecal samples collected before and after 131I therapy for microbiome and untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses. Mice were exposed to total body irradiation with ARA replenishment and antibiotic pretreatment and were subjected to metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses. RESULTS 131I therapy significantly changed the structure of gut microbiota and metabolite composition in patients with DTC. Lachnospiraceae were the most dominant bacteria after 131I treatment, and metabolites with decreased levels and pathways related to ARA and linoleic acid were observed. In an irradiation mouse model, ARA supplementation not only improved quality of life and recovered hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems but also ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation and preserved enteric microecology composition. Additionally, antibiotic intervention eliminated the radioprotective effects of ARA. Proteomic analysis and ursolic acid pretreatment showed that ARA therapy greatly influenced intestinal lipid metabolism in mice subjected to irradiation by upregulating the expression of hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1. CONCLUSION These findings highlight that ARA, as a key metabolite, substantially contributes to radioprotection. Our study provides novel insights into the pivotal role that the microbiota-metabolite axis plays in radionuclide protection and offers effective biological targets for treating radiation-induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghua Lu
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaqing Yu
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Junyu Tong
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Tingting Qiao
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shaoping Wang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jianshe Yang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510289, China.
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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161
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Xie G, Gao X, Guo Q, Liang H, Yao L, Li W, Ma B, Wu N, Han X, Li J. Cannabidiol ameliorates PTSD-like symptoms by inhibiting neuroinflammation through its action on CB2 receptors in the brain of male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:945-964. [PMID: 38759736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health disease related to traumatic experience, and its treatment outcomes are unsatisfactory. Accumulating research has indicated that cannabidiol (CBD) exhibits anti-PTSD effects, however, the underlying mechanism of CBD remains inadequately investigated. Although many studies pertaining to PTSD have primarily focused on aberrations in neuronal functioning, the present study aimed to elucidate the involvement and functionality of microglia/macrophages in PTSD while also investigated the modulatory effects of CBD on neuroinflammation associated with this condition. We constructed a modified single-prolonged stress (SPS) mice PTSD model and verified the PTSD-related behaviors by various behavioral tests (contextual freezing test, elevated plus maze test, tail suspension test and novel object recognition test). We observed a significant upregulation of Iba-1 and alteration of microglial/macrophage morphology within the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, but not the amygdala, two weeks after the PTSD-related stress, suggesting a persistent neuroinflammatory phenotype in the PTSD-modeled group. CBD (10 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited all PTSD-related behaviors and reversed the alterations in both microglial/macrophage quantity and morphology when administered prior to behavioral assessments. We further found increased pro-inflammatory factors, decreased PSD95 expression, and impaired synaptic density in the hippocampus of the modeled group, all of which were also restored by CBD treatment. CBD dramatically increased the level of anandamide, one of the endocannabinoids, and cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) transcripts in the hippocampus compared with PTSD-modeled group. Importantly, we discovered the expression of CB2Rs mRNA in Arg-1-positive cells in vivo and found that the behavioral effects of CBD were diminished by CB2Rs antagonist AM630 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and both the behavioral and molecular effects of CBD were abolished in CB2Rs knockout mice. These findings suggest that CBD would alleviate PTSD-like behaviors in mice by suppressing PTSD-related neuroinflammation and upregulation and activation of CB2Rs may serve as one of the underlying mechanisms for this therapeutic effect. The present study offers innovative experimental evidence supporting the utilization of CBD in PTSD treatment from the perspective of its regulation of neuroinflammation, and paves the way for leveraging the endocannabinoid system to regulate neuroinflammation as a potential therapeutic approach for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xinwei Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qingchun Guo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haizhen Liang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ning Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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162
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu S, Luo M, Yang S, Yu S. Structural characterization of Aspalatus linearis polysaccharide and its improving effect on acute alcoholic liver injury. J Food Sci 2024; 89:4535-4550. [PMID: 38809252 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from natural sources can regulate the composition of intestinal flora through the "gut-liver axis" pathway, potentially ameliorating alcoholic liver injury. Aspalathus linearis, also known as rooibos, is one such natural product that has shown promise in this regard. This study looked at the structural properties of A. linearis polysaccharide (ALP) and how well it would work to treat acute alcoholic liver impairment. This study looks at the composition of monosaccharides, functional groups, and molecular weight (Mw) of a newly discovered water-soluble polysaccharide, named ALP. The polysaccharide is composed of pyranose rings, amide groups, and sulfate groups linked by β-glycosidic linkage. It has a relative Mw of 4.30 × 103 kDa and is composed of glucose, rhamnose, and some other monosaccharides. The study found that treating mice with the model of acute alcoholic liver disease with ALP could alleviate pathological symptoms, inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines, and suppress indicators of oxidative stress. Experiments have shown that different doses of ALP can activate the P4502E1/Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway. The regulation of inflammatory factors and downstream antioxidant enzymes occurs as a result. Based on these data, it is likely that ALP protects the liver via the "gut-liver axis" pathway by reducing oxidative stress-related damage, inflammation, and alcohol-related alterations to the gut microbiome. The results indicate that ALP mitigates injury caused by oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and changes in the gut microbiota induced by alcohol through the "gut-liver axis" pathway, which provides protection to the liver. This provides preliminary evidence for the development of related drugs. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Researchers extracted a polysaccharide from fresh leaves of Auricularia auricula. The polysaccharide was purified and determined to have a predominantly homogeneous molecular weight. An acute alcoholic liver damage mouse model was established, and it was concluded that the polysaccharide could ameliorate liver injury in mice through the "gut-liver axis" pathway. This novel polysaccharide can be used as an additive to develop functional foods with beneficial effects, which can positively impact the daily maintenance of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Manhong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
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163
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Nichols AR, Haeri S, Rudine A, Burns N, Rathouz PJ, Hedderson MM, Abrams SA, Foster SF, Rickman R, McDonnold M, Widen EM. Prenatal Weight Change Trajectories and Perinatal Outcomes among Twin Gestations. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:1445-1454. [PMID: 37164320 PMCID: PMC10782825 DOI: 10.1055/a-2091-1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite an increase in twin pregnancies in recent decades, the Institute of Medicine twin weight gain recommendations remain provisional and provide no guidance for the pattern or timing of weight change. We sought to characterize gestational weight change trajectory patterns and examine associations with birth outcomes in a cohort of twin pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN Prenatal and delivery records were examined for 320 twin pregnancies from a maternal-fetal medicine practice in Austin, TX 2011-2019. Prenatal weights for those with >1 measured weight in the first trimester and ≥3 prenatal weights were included in analyses. Trajectories were estimated to 32 weeks (mean delivery: 33.7 ± 3.3 weeks) using flexible latent class mixed models with low-rank thin-plate splines. Associations between trajectory classes and infant outcomes were analyzed using multivariable Poisson or linear regression. RESULTS Weight change from prepregnancy to delivery was 15.4 ± 6.3 kg for people with an underweight body mass index, 15.4 ± 5.8 kg for healthy weight, 14.7 ± 6.9 kg for overweight, and 12.5 ± 6.4 kg for obesity. Three trajectory classes were identified: low (Class 1), moderate (Class 2), or high gain (Class 3). Class 1 (24.7%) maintained weight for 15 weeks and then gained an estimated 6.6 kg at 32 weeks. Class 2 (60.9%) exhibited steady gain with 13.5 kg predicted total gain, and Class 3 (14.4%) showed rapid gain across pregnancy with 21.3 kg predicted gain. Compared to Class 1, Class 3 was associated with higher birth weight z-score (β = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31,0.96), increased risk for large for gestational age (IRR = 5.60, 95% CI: 1.59, 19.67), and birth <32 weeks (IRR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.10, 5.4) that was attenuated in sensitivity analyses. Class 2 was associated with moderately elevated birth weight z-score (β = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.48, p = 0.050). CONCLUSION Gestational weight change followed a low, moderate, or high trajectory; both moderate and high gain patterns were associated with increased infant size outcomes. Optimal patterns of weight change that balance risk during the prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal periods require further investigation, particularly in high-risk twin pregnancies. KEY POINTS · A majority gained weight below IOM twin recommendations.. · Three patterns of GWC across pregnancy were identified.. · Moderate or high GWC was associated with infant size..
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Nichols
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Sina Haeri
- Women's Center of Texas, St. David's Healthcare, Austin, Texas
| | - Anthony Rudine
- Office of Research, St. David's Healthcare, Austin, Texas
| | - Natalie Burns
- Department of Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Paul J Rathouz
- Department of Population Health and Biomedical Data Science Hub, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Monique M Hedderson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Steven A Abrams
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Saralyn F Foster
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Rachel Rickman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | | | - Elizabeth M Widen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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164
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Pan Z, Xu G, Zhang Y, Wu M, Yu J, He X, Zhang W, Hu J. Galectin-1 Promotes Gastric Carcinoma Progression and Cisplatin Resistance Through the NRP-1/c-JUN/Wee1 Pathway. J Gastric Cancer 2024; 24:300-315. [PMID: 38960889 PMCID: PMC11224716 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is among the deadliest malignancies and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a primary protein secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs); however, its role and mechanisms of action of Gal-1 in GC remain unclear. In this study, we stimulated GC cells with exogenous human recombinant galectin-1 protein (rhGal-1) to investigate its effects on the proliferation, migration, and resistance to cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used simulated rhGal-1 protein as a paracrine factor produced by CAFs to induce GC cells and investigated its promotional effects and mechanisms in GC progression and cisplatin resistance. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assay confirmed that Gal-1 expression was associated with clinicopathological parameters and correlated with the expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), c-JUN, and Wee1. RESULTS Our study reveals Gal-1 expression was significantly associated with poor outcomes. Gal-1 boosts the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells by activating the NRP-1/C-JUN/Wee1 pathway. Gal-1 notably increases GC cell resistance to cisplatin The NRP-1 inhibitor, EG00229, effectively counteracts these effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed a potential mechanism by which Gal-1 promotes GC growth and contributes to chemoresistance, offering new therapeutic targets for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jinjiang Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- Cancer Center, Department of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xujun He
- Cancer Center, Department of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Junfeng Hu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
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165
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Jiang Y, Chen M, Xu N, Li Z, Li X, Yu H, Sun J, Wang A, Huang Y, Wang L. Adaptor protein 14-3-3zeta promotes corneal wound healing via regulating cell homeostasis, a potential novel therapy for corneal injury. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109948. [PMID: 38815790 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Severe corneal injury can lead to blindness even after prompt treatment. 14-3-3zeta, a member of an adaptor protein family, contributes to tissue repair by enhancing cellular viability and inhibiting fibrosis and inflammation in renal disease or arthritis. However, its role in corneal regeneration is less studied. In this study, filter disc of 2-mm diameter soaked in sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 0.5 N was placed at the center of the cornea for 30 s to establish a mouse model of corneal alkali injury. We found that 14-3-3zeta, which is mainly expressed in the epithelial layer, was upregulated following injury. Overexpression of 14-3-3zeta in ocular tissues via adeno-associated virus-mediated subconjunctival delivery promoted corneal wound healing, showing improved corneal structure and transparency. In vitro studies on human corneal epithelial cells showed that 14-3-3zeta was critical for cell proliferation and migration. mRNA-sequencing in conjunction with KEGG analysis and validation experiments revealed that 14-3-3zeta regulated the mRNA levels of ITGB1, PIK3R1, FGF5, PRKAA1 and the phosphorylation level of Akt, suggesting the involvement of the PI3K-Akt pathway in 14-3-3zeta-mediated tissue repair. 14-3-3zeta is a potential novel therapeutic candidate for treating severe corneal injury.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism
- 14-3-3 Proteins/genetics
- 14-3-3 Proteins/biosynthesis
- Blotting, Western
- Burns, Chemical/metabolism
- Burns, Chemical/pathology
- Burns, Chemical/drug therapy
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Corneal Injuries/metabolism
- Corneal Injuries/pathology
- Corneal Injuries/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelium, Corneal/metabolism
- Epithelium, Corneal/drug effects
- Epithelium, Corneal/injuries
- Eye Burns/chemically induced
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Homeostasis
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Wound Healing/drug effects
- Wound Healing/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Jiang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Mingxiong Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Zongyuan Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Hanrui Yu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Jiaying Sun
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - An Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China.
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Aghakhani A, Pezeshki PS, Rezaei N. The role of extracellular vesicles in immune cell exhaustion and resistance to immunotherapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:721-740. [PMID: 38795060 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2360209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles for intercellular communication. Subtypes of EVs, namely exosomes and microvesicles transfer diverse, bioactive cargo to their target cells and eventually interfere with immune responses. Despite being a promising approach, cancer immunotherapy currently faces several challenges including immune resistance. EVs secreted from various sources in the tumor microenvironment provoke immune cell exhaustion and lower the efficacy of immunological treatments, such as CAR T cells and immune checkpoint inhibitors. AREAS COVERED This article goes through the mechanisms of action of various types of EVs in inhibiting immune response and immunotherapies, and provides a comprehensive review of EV-based treatments. EXPERT OPINION By making use of the distinctive features of EVs, natural or modified EVs are innovatively utilized as novel cancer therapeutics. They are occasionally coupled with currently established treatments to overcome their inadequacies. Investigating the properties and interactions of EVs and EV-based treatments is crucial for determining future steps in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Aghakhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parmida Sadat Pezeshki
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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167
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Wang QL, Meng LC, Zhao Z, Du JF, Li P, Jiang Y, Li HJ. Ultrasensitive upconverting nanoprobes for in situ imaging of drug-induced liver injury using miR-122 as the biomarker. Talanta 2024; 274:126108. [PMID: 38640602 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a frequent adverse drug reaction. The current clinical diagnostic methods are inadequate for accurate and early detection of DILI due to the lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers. Hepatocyte-specific miR-122 is released from injured hepatocytes promptly and its efflux is significantly correlated with the progression of DILI. Therefore, achieving precise in situ detection of miR-122 with high sensitivity is vital for early visualization of DILI. Herein, a new nanoprobe, consisting of miR-122 aptamer, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) was introduced for the early and sensitive detection of DILI in situ. As the nanoprobes reached in the liver, miR-122 aptamer-based entropy-driven strand displacement (ESDR) signal amplification reaction was triggered and luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) between UCNPs and PBNPs was responded to achieve the high-fidelity detection of DILI. A negative correlation was observed between the intensity of upconversion luminescence (UCL) and the concentration of miR-122. UCL imaging conducted both in vivo and ex vivo indicated that a reduction in miR-122 concentration led to an increase in UCL intensity, revealing a precise state of DILI. The detection technique demonstrated a positive correlation between signal intensity and severity, offering a more straightforward and intuitive method of visualizing DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling-Chang Meng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jin-Fa Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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168
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Pitt B, Diez J. Possible Role of Gut Microbiota Alterations in Myocardial Fibrosis and Burden of Heart Failure in Hypertensive Heart Disease. Hypertension 2024; 81:1467-1476. [PMID: 38716665 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.124.23089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have revealed that hypertensive heart disease is a major risk factor for heart failure, and its heart failure burden is growing rapidly. The need to act in the face of this threat requires first an understanding of the multifactorial origin of hypertensive heart disease and second an exploration of new mechanistic pathways involved in myocardial alterations critically involved in cardiac dysfunction and failure (eg, myocardial interstitial fibrosis). Increasing evidence shows that alterations of gut microbiota composition and function (ie, dysbiosis) leading to changes in microbiota-derived metabolites and impairment of the gut barrier and immune functions may be involved in blood pressure elevation and hypertensive organ damage. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the potential contribution of gut microbiota alterations to myocardial interstitial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease through blood pressure-dependent and blood pressure-independent mechanisms. Achievements in this field should open a new path for more comprehensive treatment of myocardial interstitial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease and, thus, for the prevention of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Pitt
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.P.)
| | - Javier Diez
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (J.D.)
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Talaee N, Azadvar S, Khodadadi S, Abbasi N, Asli-Pashaki ZN, Mirabzadeh Y, Kholghi G, Akhondzadeh S, Vaseghi S. Comparing the effect of fluoxetine, escitalopram, and sertraline, on the level of BDNF and depression in preclinical and clinical studies: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:983-1016. [PMID: 38558317 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dysfunction is one of the most important mechanisms underlying depression. It seems that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) improve depression via affecting BDNF level. In this systematic review, for the first time, we aimed to review the effect of three SSRIs including fluoxetine, escitalopram, and sertraline, on both depression and BDNF level in preclinical and clinical studies. PubMed electronic database was searched, and 193 articles were included in this study. After reviewing all manuscripts, only one important difference was found: subjects. We found that SSRIs induce different effects in animals vs. humans. Preclinical studies showed many controversial effects, while human studies showed only two effects: improvement of depression, with or without the improvement of BDNF. However, most studies used chronic SSRIs treatment, while acute SSRIs were not effectively used and evaluated. In conclusion, it seems that SSRIs are reliable antidepressants, and the improvement effect of SSRIs on depression is not dependent to BDNF level (at least in human studies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Talaee
- Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shataw Azadvar
- Department of Power Electronic, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Khodadadi
- Student Research Committee, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahal Abbasi
- Department of Health Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yasaman Mirabzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Kholghi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, 1419815477, Iran.
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170
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Cao Y, Tan X, Shen J, Liu F, Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhou S, Qiu T, Li D, Zhao Q, Zhao K. Morinda Officinalis-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles: Anti-osteoporosis effect by regulating MAPK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155628. [PMID: 38663117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microstructural damage. Morinda Officinalis (MO) contains various components with anti-PMOP activities. Morinda Officinalis-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles (MOEVLPs) are new active components isolated from MO, and no relevant studies have investigated their anti-osteoporosis effect and mechanism. PURPOSE To investigate the alleviating effect of MOEVLPs on PMOP and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Differential centrifugation and ultracentrifugation were used to isolate MOEVLPs from MO. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow nano analyzer, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), agarose gel electrophoresis, and thin-layer chromatography were employed to characterize MOEVLPs. PMOP mouse models were utilized to examine the anti-PMOP effect of MOEVLPs. H&E and immunohistochemical staining were used for drug safety and osteogenic effect assessment. Mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) were used in vitro experiments. CCK-8 kit, alizarin red staining, proteomic, bioinformatic analyses, and western blot were used to explore the mechanism of MOEVLPs. RESULTS In this study, MOEVLPs from MO were successfully isolated and characterized. Animal experiments demonstrated that MOEVLPs exhibited specific femur targeting, were non-toxic to the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and aorta, and possessed anti-PMOP properties. The ability of MOEVLPs to strengthen bone formation was better than that of alendronate. In vitro experiments, results revealed that MOEVLPs did not significantly enhance osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Instead, MOEVLPs promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses suggested that the proliferative effect of MOEVLPs was closely associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, particularly the altered expression of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1). Western blot results further confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION Our studies successfully isolated high-quality MOEVLPs and demonstrated that MOEVLPs can alleviate PMOP by promoting osteoblast proliferation through the MAPK pathway. MOEVLPs have the potential to become a novel and natural anti-PMOP drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Technology, Medical College of Shaoguan University, NO. 288, University Road, Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Tan
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Shen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Xu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Sirui Zhou
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxin Qiu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China.
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Yang M, Mu Y, Yu X, Gao D, Zhang W, Li Y, Liu J, Sun C, Zhuang J. Survival strategies: How tumor hypoxia microenvironment orchestrates angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116783. [PMID: 38796970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
During tumor development, the tumor itself must continuously generate new blood vessels to meet their growth needs while also allowing for tumor invasion and metastasis. One of the most common features of tumors is hypoxia, which drives the process of tumor angiogenesis by regulating the tumor microenvironment, thus adversely affecting the prognosis of patients. In addition, to overcome unsuitable environments for growth, such as hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, hyperacidity, and immunosuppression, the tumor microenvironment (TME) coordinates angiogenesis in several ways to restore the supply of oxygen and nutrients and to remove metabolic wastes. A growing body of research suggests that tumor angiogenesis and hypoxia interact through a complex interplay of crosstalk, which is inextricably linked to the TME. Here, we review the TME's positive contribution to angiogenesis from an angiogenesis-centric perspective while considering the objective impact of hypoxic phenotypes and the status and limitations of current angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yufeng Mu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ye Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Changgang Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
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Dunn A, Rao S, Husbands B, Petrovitch N, Loeber S, Schwarz T, Cline K, Mai W, Spain H, Curran K, Vickery K, Marolf A. Computed tomographic features of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas in dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024; 65:400-407. [PMID: 38650074 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exocrine pancreatic carcinomas are uncommon in dogs and cats, and diagnosis with diagnostic imaging can be challenging. This retrospective, multi-institutional, descriptive study was performed to evaluate the CT features of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas. The CT examinations of 18 dogs and 12 cats with exocrine pancreatic carcinomas diagnosed by cytology or histopathology were reviewed. The CT features of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas included a well-defined mass in 28/30 (93%) with contrast enhancement in 27/30 (90%), commonly heterogeneous 22/30 (73%); often with a nonenhancing fluid to soft tissue attenuating center 12/30 (40%). The right lobe of the pancreas was the most common location, 14/30 (47%), then the left lobe, 10/30 (33%), and the body, 6/30 (20%). Extrahepatic biliary duct dilation was present in six animals; 5/6 (83%) of the masses were located in the right pancreatic lobe. Additional findings included peripancreatic fat-stranding 17/30 (57%), lymphadenopathy 16/30 (57%), peripancreatic soft tissue nodules 12/30 (40%), and free fluid 10/30 (33%). When comparing the imaging features of dogs and cats, there was a large overlap in imaging characteristics. There was a significant difference between the height of the masses, with dogs having larger masses (P-value.0028). Lymphadenopathy was more likely in larger masses [increased height (P-value.029)]. Cats were significantly older than dogs (P-value.0355). Pancreatic carcinomas were commonly identified as masses with heterogeneous contrast enhancement and a nonenhancing fluid to soft tissue attenuating center with concurrent peripancreatic changes (fat-stranding and/or soft tissue nodules) and lymphadenopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dunn
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian Husbands
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Petrovitch
- Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samantha Loeber
- Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tobias Schwarz
- Clinical Sciences, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, UK
| | - Kelsey Cline
- VCA Advanced Veterinary Care Center, Fishers, Indiana, USA
| | - Wilfried Mai
- Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kaitlin Curran
- Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Kate Vickery
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Angela Marolf
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Peters S, Gadgeel SM, Mok T, Nadal E, Kilickap S, Swalduz A, Cadranel J, Sugawara S, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Moskovitz M, Tanaka T, Nersesian R, Shagan SM, Maclennan M, Mathisen M, Bhagawati-Prasad V, Diarra C, Assaf ZJ, Archer V, Dziadziuszko R. Entrectinib in ROS1-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the phase 2/3 BFAST trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:1923-1932. [PMID: 38898120 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Although comprehensive biomarker testing is recommended for all patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before initiation of first-line treatment, tissue availability can limit testing. Genomic testing in liquid biopsies can be utilized to overcome the inherent limitations of tissue sampling and identify the most appropriate biomarker-informed treatment option for patients. The Blood First Assay Screening Trial is a global, open-label, multicohort trial that evaluates the efficacy and safety of multiple therapies in patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC and targetable alterations identified by liquid biopsy. We present data from Cohort D (ROS1-positive). Patients ≥18 years of age with stage IIIB/IV, ROS1-positive NSCLC detected by liquid biopsies received entrectinib 600 mg daily. At data cutoff (November 2021), 55 patients were enrolled and 54 had measurable disease. Cohort D met its primary endpoint: the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by investigator was 81.5%, which was consistent with the ORR from the integrated analysis of entrectinib (investigator-assessed ORR, 73.4%; data cutoff May 2019, ≥12 months of follow-up). The safety profile of entrectinib was consistent with previous reports. These results demonstrate consistency with those from the integrated analysis of entrectinib in patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC identified by tissue-based testing, and support the clinical value of liquid biopsies to inform clinical decision-making. The integration of liquid biopsies into clinical practice provides patients with a less invasive diagnostic method than tissue-based testing and has faster turnaround times that may expedite the reaching of clinical decisions in the advanced/metastatic NSCLC setting. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03178552 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Peters
- Lausanne University Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Shirish M Gadgeel
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tony Mok
- State Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saadettin Kilickap
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aurélie Swalduz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Jacques Cadranel
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, APHP, Hôpital Tenon and GRC04 Theranoscan Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Shunichi Sugawara
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chao-Hua Chiu
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center and Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mor Moskovitz
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rafal Dziadziuszko
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and Early Clinical Trials Unit, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Zhang R, Yan Z, Zhong H, Luo R, Liu W, Xiong S, Liu Q, Liu M. Gut microbial metabolites in MASLD: Implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and treatment. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0484. [PMID: 38967596 PMCID: PMC11227362 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increasing prevalence, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a major global health problem. MASLD is well-known as a multifactorial disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in the gut bacteria are 2 vital events in MASLD. Recent studies have highlighted the cross-talk between microbiota and mitochondria, and mitochondria are recognized as pivotal targets of the gut microbiota to modulate the host's physiological state. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in MASLD and is associated with multiple pathological changes, including hepatocyte steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Metabolites are crucial mediators of the gut microbiota that influence extraintestinal organs. Additionally, regulation of the composition of gut bacteria may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for MASLD. This study reviewed the potential roles of several common metabolites in MASLD, emphasizing their impact on mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss the current treatments for MASLD, including probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. These methods concentrate on restoring the gut microbiota to promote host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhan Zhang
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaobo Yan
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Weiai Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Shulin Xiong
- Department of Preventive Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Mi Liu
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
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175
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Naveed A, Cheema HA, Shahid A, Umer M, Hussain HU, Rehman MEU, Singh H, Kurman JS, Sahra S, Ahmad F, Ahmad S, Iqbal S. Favipiravir for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am J Ther 2024; 31:e478-e482. [PMID: 38260985 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Naveed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abia Shahid
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Umer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ul Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jonathan S Kurman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Syeda Sahra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Faran Ahmad
- Infectious Diseases-Critical Care Medicine, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Critical Care Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sharjeel Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL
| | - Sana Iqbal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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176
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Li M, Li Y, Zhao K, Qin C, Chen Y, Liu Y, Qiu S, Tan X, Liang Y. Abnormal cerebral blood flow and brain function in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 2024; 85:433-442. [PMID: 37340286 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) lead to impaired cerebral blood perfusion, which leads to changes in brain function and affects the cognitive function of patients. In this study, cerebral blood flow (CBF) was used to evaluate the effect of T2DM on cerebral perfusion, and functional connectivity (FC) analysis was further used to explore whether the FC between the abnormal CBF region and the whole brain was changed. In addition, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and degree centrality (DC) were used to investigate the changes in spontaneous activity and connectivity strength of the brain network. METHODS We recruited 40 T2DM patients and 55 healthy controls (HCs). They underwent 3D-T1WI, rs-fMRI, arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence scans and a series of cognitive tests. Cognitive test scores and brain imaging indicators were compared between the two groups, and the relationships among laboratory indicators, cognitive test scores, and brain imaging indicators were explored in the T2DM group. RESULTS Compared to HCs, The CBF values of Calcarine_L and Precuneus_R in the T2DM group were lower. The DC value of Paracentral_Lobule_L and Precuneus_L, and the ALFF value of Hippocampus_L in the T2DM group were higher. In addition, the CBF values of Calcarine_L was negatively correlated with fasting insulin and HOMA_IR. CONCLUSION This study found that there were regions of cerebral hypoperfusion in T2DM patients, which are associated with insulin resistance. In addition, we found abnormally elevated brain activity and enhanced functional connectivity in T2DM patients, which we speculated was the compensatory mechanism of brain neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Magnatic Resonance Imaging, Zhanjiang First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yifan Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Qin
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuna Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Liang
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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177
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Cheng Y, Fan Y, Zhao Y, Huang D, Li X, Zhang P, Kang M, Yang N, Zhong D, Wang Z, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Qin T, Chen C, Leaw S, Zheng W, Song Y. Tislelizumab Plus Platinum and Etoposide Versus Placebo Plus Platinum and Etoposide as First-Line Treatment for Extensive-Stage SCLC (RATIONALE-312): A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Phase 3 Clinical Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:1073-1085. [PMID: 38460751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) prognosis remains poor. The phase 3 RATIONALE-312 study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for ES-SCLC. METHODS RATIONALE-312 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, conducted in the People's Republic of China. Eligible patients with previously untreated ES-SCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive four cycles of tislelizumab 200 mg or placebo, with etoposide plus carboplatin or cisplatin intravenously every 3 weeks, followed by tislelizumab 200 mg or placebo as maintenance. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival and safety. RESULTS Between July 22, 2019 and April 21, 2021, 457 patients were randomized to tislelizumab (n = 227) or placebo (n = 230), plus chemotherapy. Baseline demographics were generally balanced between arms. At the data cutoff (April 19, 2023), the median study follow-up was 14.2 months (interquartile range: 8.6-25.3). Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy exhibited a statistically significant OS benefit versus placebo plus chemotherapy (stratified hazard ratio = 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61-0.93]; one-sided p = 0.0040; median: 15.5 [95% CI: 13.5-17.1] versus 13.5 mo [95% CI: 12.1-14.9], respectively). Progression-free survival was significantly improved in the tislelizumab versus placebo arm (stratified hazard ratio = 0.64 [95% CI: 0.52-0.78]; p < 0.0001; median: 4.7 [95% CI: 4.3-5.5] versus 4.3 mo [95% CI: 4.2-4.4], respectively). Grade greater than or equal to 3 treatment-related adverse events were reported in 86% of patients in each treatment arm and were mostly hematologic. CONCLUSIONS Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy exhibited statistically significant clinical benefit and manageable safety compared with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with advanced ES-SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Pulmonary Oncology Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingya Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mafei Kang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Nong Yang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tai Qin
- Clinical Development, Solid Tumors, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenqi Chen
- Clinical Development, Solid Tumors, BeiGene (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiangjiin Leaw
- Clinical Development, Solid Tumors, BeiGene (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Zheng
- Clinical Development, Solid Tumors, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang D, Ma X, Li H, Li X, Wang J, Zan L. SERPINE1AS2 regulates intramuscular adipogenesis by inhibiting PAI1 protein expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133592. [PMID: 38960265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Antisense long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) played a crucial role in the precise regulation of essential biological processes and were abundantly present in animals. Many of these antisense lncRNAs have been identified as key roles in adipose tissue accumulation in livestock, underscoring their vital role in the regulation of animal physiology. Nonetheless, the functional roles of these antisense lncRNAs in regulating adipogenesis and the specific molecular mechanisms these processes were still unclear, which was a significant gap in current scientific research. In this study, we identified and characterized SERPINE1AS2, a novel natural antisense lncRNA, was highly expressed in the fat tissues of adult cattle and calves. Its expression gradually increased during the differentiation of intramuscular adipocytes. Through functional studies, we observed that knockdown of SERPINE1AS2 inhibited the proliferation and adipogenesis of intramuscular adipocytes, while overexpression of SERPINE1AS2 produced the opposite effect. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis following SERPINE1AS2 knockdown revealed that differential expression genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in key signaling pathways, notably the MAPK, Wnt, and mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, SERPINE1AS2 interacted with Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI1), forming RNA dimers through complementary base pairing and consequently influencing PAI1 expression. Interestingly, studies on PAI1 suggested that reduced expression facilitated adipogenesis and the downregulation of PAI1 alleviated the inhibitory effect of reduced SERPINE1AS2 on adipogenesis. In summary, this study suggested that SERPINE1AS2 played a crucial role in the adipogenesis of bovine intramuscular adipocytes by modulating the expression of PAI1. SERPINE1AS2 also regulated adipogenesis by engaging in the MAPK, Wnt, and mTOR signaling pathways. Our results suggested that SERPINE1AS2 had a complex regulatory mechanism on adipogenesis in intramuscular adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xinhao Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Huaxuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Juze Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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179
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Gowda V, Sarkar R, Verma D, Das A. Probiotics in Dermatology: An Evidence-based Approach. Indian Dermatol Online J 2024; 15:571-583. [PMID: 39050079 PMCID: PMC11265726 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_614_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are viable microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered to the host in adequate amounts. Over the past decade, there has been a growing demand for the use of oral and topical probiotics in several inflammatory conditions such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, etc., although their role in a few areas still remains controversial. The objective of this article is to shed light on understanding the origin and implications of microbiota in the pathophysiology of these dermatological conditions and the effect of probiotic usage. We have conducted a comprehensive search of the literature across multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar) on the role of probiotics in dermatological disorders. Commensal microbes of the skin and gastrointestinal tract play an important role in both health and disease. Increased use of probiotics has asserted a good safety profile, especially in this era of antibiotic resistance. With the advent of new products in the market, the indications, mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety profile of these agents need to be validated. Further studies are required. Oral and topical probiotics may be tried as a treatment or prevention modality in cutaneous inflammatory disorders, thus facilitating decreased requirement for topical or systemic steroids and antimicrobial agents. Tempering microbiota with probiotics is a safe and well-tolerated approach in this era of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Gowda
- Consultant at Department of Dermatology, Doctors Aesthetics Clinic, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Rashmi Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Damini Verma
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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180
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Zeng Q, Chen B, Wang W. Identification of tumor antigens for mRNA vaccines and ferroptosis-related landscape in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2860-2876. [PMID: 38988947 PMCID: PMC11231762 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death that is characterized by lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in conferring resistance to cancer therapies and may contribute to the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Furthermore, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as a promising modality in the treatment arsenal against diverse malignancies. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of ferroptosis subtypes in ESCC and the immune microenvironment, as well as to identify key genes that could serve as targets for mRNA vaccine development. Methods Gene expression profiles and clinical data from 79 and 358 ESCC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Subsequently, we identified tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune microenvironment scores, and immune checkpoint and immune cell dysfunction genes for each ferroptosis subtype. Furthermore, we utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to describe the immune landscape of ESCC and identify key genes for mRNA vaccine development. Results Our analysis revealed that MMD, MTDH, and TRFC were overexpressed ferroptosis genes in ESCC. In addition, ESCC was categorized into two ferroptosis subtypes, namely FS1 and FS2. Notably, FS2 exhibited a poorer prognosis, higher TMB, and increased immune cell infiltration when compared to FS1. The ferroptosis landscape analysis further revealed the presence of three distinct states. WGCNA analysis identified different modules of interest emerging as an independent prognostic factor and enriched with hub genes that could serve as targets for mRNA vaccine development. Conclusions The ferroptosis subtypes demonstrated significant associations with both prognosis and the immune microenvironment in ESCC. Additionally, the module of interest identified through immune landscape analysis represented an independent prognostic factor, with its contained genome offering promising targets for mRNA vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li J, Xu Y, Zang A, Gao Y, Gao Q, Zhang Y, Wang D, Xu J, Yuan Y, Jiang H, Ying J, Shi C, Deng Y, Wang J, Liu T, Huang Y, Qian X, Pan Y, Cheng Y, Hu S, Wang J, Shi M, Wang K, Hu H, Shen L. Tislelizumab in previously treated, locally advanced unresectable/metastatic microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient solid tumors. Chin J Cancer Res 2024; 36:257-269. [PMID: 38988490 PMCID: PMC11230881 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The open-label, phase II RATIONALE-209 study evaluated tislelizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody) as a tissue-agnostic monotherapy for microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumors. Methods Adults with previously treated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic MSI-H/dMMR solid tumors were enrolled. Patients received tislelizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks. Objective response rate (ORR; primary endpoint), duration of response (DoR), and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed by independent review committee (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1). Results Eighty patients were enrolled and treated; 75 (93.8%) patients had measurable disease at baseline. Most had metastatic disease and received at least one prior therapy for advanced/metastatic disease (n=79; 98.8%). At primary analysis (data cutoff July 8, 2021; median follow-up 15.2 months), overall ORR [46.7%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 35.1-58.6; one-sided P<0.0001] and ORR across tumor-specific subgroups [colorectal (n=46): 39.1% (95% CI, 25.1-54.6); gastric/gastroesophageal junction (n=9): 55.6% (95% CI, 21.2-86.3); others (n=20): 60.0% (95% CI, 36.1-80.9)] were significantly greater with tislelizumab vs. a prespecified historical control ORR of 10%; five (6.7%) patients had complete responses. Median DoR, PFS, and overall survival were not reached with long-term follow-up (data cutoff December 5, 2022; median follow-up 28.9 months). Tislelizumab was well tolerated with no unexpected safety signals. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of grade ≥3 occurred in 53.8% of patients; 7.5% of patients discontinued treatment due to TRAEs. Conclusions Tislelizumab demonstrated a significant ORR improvement in patients with previously treated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic MSI-H/dMMR tumors and was generally well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aimin Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yunong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gynecology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Quanli Gao
- Department of Immunotherapy, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jieer Ying
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Chunmei Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Department of Oncology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Immunotherapy, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yueyin Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Clinical Development, BeiGene (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Mengyue Shi
- Clinical Development, BeiGene (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Biostatistics, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - Han Hu
- Biostatistics, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Ye Q, Chen D, Liu X, Yang B, Li G, Ma J, Ai L, Li Z, Yang H, Yu T, Tan J. The EFNA4 gene is a potential prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer: a bioinformatics analysis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 15:1165-1178. [PMID: 38989440 PMCID: PMC11231855 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-24-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, and there is an urgent need to understand its molecular mechanisms for early diagnosis and treatment. Despite surgical resection being the only effective treatment, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, missing the optimal window for therapy. Identifying novel biomarkers is crucial for prognostic assessment, treatment planning, and early intervention. Ephrin A4 (EFNA4), a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, is involved in vascular and epithelial development via regulation of cell migration and rejection. However, the role of EFNA4 in pancreatic cancer has not been reported. Therefore, our study aimed to clarify the role of EFNA4 in pancreatic cancer through bioinformatics analysis and vitro experiments. Methods The expression of EFNA4 and its potential value as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer was analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. According to the expression level of EFNA4, patients were divided into high expression group and low expression group, and the correlation between overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) with different expression levels of EFNA4 and clinical parameters were analyzed. Subsequently, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect EFNA4 expression. The proliferation, invasion, and cloning ability of the cells were detected via Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8), Transwell, and plate cloning assays, respectively. Results EFNA4 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and upregulation of EFNA4 is associated with poor prognosis. In this study, EFNA4 expression was correlated with T stage and TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) stage of pancreatic cancer, and the median survival time and progression-free survival (PFS) were worse in those with high EFNA4 expression (394 days) than in those with low expression (525 days) [hazard ratio (HR): 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-2.16, P=0.047]. In addition, EFNA4 was also found to be involved in the regulation of signal pathways such as cell adhesion, cyclic AMP, insulin secretion, pancreatic secretion, and protein digestion and absorption. In vitro experiments demonstrated that EFNA4 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, cloning ability, and invasiveness of the PANC-1 and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cell lines. Conclusions The abnormal expression of EFNA4 in pancreatic cancer is associated with poor prognosis. Knockout of EFNA4 gene could significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, EFNA4 may be one of the molecular targets for poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Burong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Ai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Huaiyong Yang
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Tingdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, China
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Qian X, Zhu L, Han N, Qin J. Tumor mutation burden and FAT3 mutation influence long-term survival in surgically resected small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:1365-1375. [PMID: 38973948 PMCID: PMC11225038 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly malignant and has a higher risk of recurrence even in patients who undergo early surgery. However, a subgroup of patients survived for many years. So far, the factors that determine the long-term survivorship remain largely unknown. To determine the genetic characteristics of long-term survival (LTS) after surgery in SCLC, we performed comprehensive comparative genomic profiling and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis of resected tumor tissues from patients with LTS and short-term survival (STS) after surgery. Methods The present study screened 11 patients from 52 patients with SCLC who underwent surgery at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from April 2008 to December 2017. A total of six LTS patients (≥4 years) with stage IIB or IIIA SCLC and five STS patients (<2 years) with stage IA or IB SCLC were included in the study. The STS patients were used as a control. All the patients underwent resection without neoadjuvant therapy. We assessed the genomic profiles of the resected tumor tissues and calculated the TMB using next-generation sequencing. We then analyzed and compared the molecular characteristics between the LTS and STS groups. Results Our data indicated that tumor tissues from patients with LTS harbor a high TMB. The median TMB for LTS patients was high (approximately 16.4 mutations/Mb), while that for STS patients was low (approximately 8.5 mutations/Mb). The median TMB of patients with LTS and STS showed a trend of significant difference (P=0.08). Gene alterations characterized the survival differences between the two groups. The FAT3 mutation was only found in the LTS group, and the P value determined by Fisher's exact test was 0.06. Conclusions A high non-synonymous TMB and the FAT3 mutation could potentially influence LTS after SCLC resection. This study provides valuable information about the molecular differences between LTS and STS patients. Studies with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to confirm our findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Qian
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Meng X, Ren K, Liu X, Lyu C, Jung HW, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Efficacy of Rhamnus utilis Decne. Aqueous extract in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury and metabolomic study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32523. [PMID: 38952369 PMCID: PMC11215275 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhamnus utilis Decne. (Family Rhamnaceae Juss.) leaf is commonly prepared as a anti-inflammatory herbal medicine and used for tea production. To investigate the mechanism of Rhamnus utilis Decne. aqueous extract (RDAE) against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice. The ALD mouse (Male ICR) model was induced via intragastric administration of 52 % alcohol. Mice in each group were treated by gavage once daily with the RDAE (1.12, 2.25, 4.500 g/kg). The expression of proteins involved in the MAPKs/NF-κB/COX-2-iNOS pathway was measured by western blotting. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to determine metabolic profiles and critical pathways, while targeted metabolomics validated key amino acid metabolites. After administration of RDAE, the body mass of mice was significantly increased. The liver index was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the serum levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but GSH level was inversely increased (P < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis revealed nine major pathways involved in the therapeutic effect of RDAE, including fructose and mannose metabolism. The levels of 7 amino acids including leucine, proline and alanine/sarcosine were significantly upregulated. Additionally, protein levels of p-NF-κB (p65)/NF-κB (p65), p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-p38/p38, COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). RDAE is used to treat acute ALD by improving lipid metabolism, inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulating MAPKs/NF-κB/COX-2-iNOS signalling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights for acute ALD therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Meng
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
| | - Kele Ren
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong Modern University, Jinan, 250104, China
| | - Chenzi Lyu
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, South Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, South Korea
| | - Yilong Zhang
- Shanxi Pengyakang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Lyuliang, 033000, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuosheng Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
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185
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Wu Y, Zhang J, Hu X, Huang X, Zhang X, Zou X, Shi J. Preparation of edible antibacterial films based on corn starch /carbon nanodots for bioactive food packaging. Food Chem 2024; 444:138467. [PMID: 38309078 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Packaging plays an important role in protecting food from environmental impacts. However, traditional petroleum-based packaging has difficulty in meeting the antimicrobial and antioxidant requirements of prepared foods. This study introduced carbon dots (CDs), prepared by using carrot as a precursor, into corn starch (CS) to construct a bio-friendly composite film with high freshness retention properties. The scavenging of DPPH radicals reached 92.77 % at a CDs concentration of 512 µg/mL, and the antimicrobial activity of CS/5% CDs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was increased to 99.9 %. Notably, the homogeneous doping of CDs creates a dense surface and high carbon content inside the film, which promotes the elasticity and thermal stability of the composite film. Finally, we encapsulated deep-fried meatballs in CS-CDs films. The results showed that the CS-CDs films effectively protected the quality of deep-fried meatballs, and have excellent potential for application in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wu
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xuetao Hu
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xinai Zhang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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186
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Yao Y, Zhang H, Liu H, Teng C, Che X, Bian W, Zhang W, Wang Z. CT-based radiomics predicts CD38 expression and indirectly reflects clinical prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32910. [PMID: 38948050 PMCID: PMC11211891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) has been found to be highly expressed in various solid tumours, and its expression level may be associated with patient prognosis and survival. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of CD38 expression for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and construct two computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics models for predicting CD38 expression. Methods A total of 333 cases of EOC were enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for CD38-related bioinformatics and survival analysis. A total of 56 intersection cases from TCGA and The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) databases were selected for radiomics feature extraction and model construction. Logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed and internally validated using 5-fold cross-validation to assess the performance of the models for CD38 expression levels. Results High CD38 expression was an independent protective factor (HR = 0.540) for overall survival (OS) in EOC patients. Five radiomics features based on CT images were selected to build models for the prediction of CD38 expression. In the training and internal validation sets, for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the LR model reached an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.739 and 0.732, while the SVM model achieved AUC values of 0.741 and 0.700, respectively. For the precision-recall (PR) curve, the LR and SVM models demonstrated an AUC of 0.760 and 0.721. The calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) provided evidence supporting the fitness and net benefit of the models. Conclusions High levels of CD38 expression can improve OS in EOC patients. CT-based radiomics models can be a new predictive tool for CD38 expression, offering possibilities for individualised survival assessment for patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Haijin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Chendi Teng
- Department of Radiology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xuan Che
- Department of Gynecology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
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187
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Zheng B, Ding G, Lu G, Li L. Development and external validation of a prognostic nomogram to predict survival in patients aged ≥60 years with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2751-2766. [PMID: 38988930 PMCID: PMC11231776 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-24-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which accounts for the vast majority of pancreatic cancer (PC), is a highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Age is shown to be an independent factor affecting survival outcomes in patients with PDAC. Our study aimed to identify prognostic factors and construct a nomogram to predict survival in PDAC patients aged ≥60 years. Methods Data of PDAC patients aged ≥60 years were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determined prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), and two nomograms were constructed and validated by calibration plots, concordance index (C-index) and decision curve analysis (DCA). Additionally, 432 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were included as an external cohort. Kaplan-Meier curves were applied to further verify the clinical validity of the nomograms. Results Ten independent prognostic factors were identified to establish the nomograms. The C-indexes of the training and validation groups based on the OS nomogram were 0.759 and 0.760, higher than those of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system (0.638 and 0.636, respectively). Calibration curves showed high consistency between predictions and observations. Better area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values and DCA were also obtained compared to the TNM system. The risk stratification based on the nomogram could distinguish patients with different survival risks. Conclusions We constructed and externally validated a population-based survival-predicting nomogram for PDAC patients aged ≥60 years. The new model could help clinicians personalize survival prediction and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjiao Zheng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gangfeng Ding
- The First Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangrong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Yu Y, Zhang L, Zhang D, Dai Q, Hou M, Chen M, Gao F, Liu XL. The role of ferroptosis in acute kidney injury: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05056-3. [PMID: 38943027 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and severe clinical renal syndromes with high morbidity and mortality. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD), is characterized by iron overload, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. As ferroptosis has been increasingly studied in recent years, it is closely associated with the pathophysiological process of AKI and provides a target for the treatment of AKI. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, summarizes its role in various AKI models, and explores its interaction with other forms of cell death, it also presents research on ferroptosis in AKI progression to other diseases. Additionally, the review highlights methods for detecting and assessing AKI through the lens of ferroptosis and describes potential inhibitors of ferroptosis for AKI treatment. Finally, the review presents a perspective on the future of clinical AKI treatment, aiming to stimulate further research on ferroptosis in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Yu
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Die Zhang
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Qiangfang Dai
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Mingzheng Hou
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Meini Chen
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- Yan'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
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189
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Ogut E. Rouvière’s lymph nodes: clinical insights and therapeutic frontiers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s42058-024-00157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
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190
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Ye H, Li MY, Shi RH. Advances in understanding of mechanism of long non-coding RNA SNHG16 in digestive system tumors. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:405-411. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i6.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
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191
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Ma S, Chong Y, Zhang R, Quan W, Gui J, Li L, Wang J, Miao S, Shi X, Zhao M, Zhang K. Glycyrrhizic acid treatment ameliorates anxiety-like behaviour via GLT1 and Per1/2-dependent pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118013. [PMID: 38453099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Glycyrrhiza. URALENSIS Fisch. (licorice root, chinese name: Gancao) has a variety of medicinal values and is widely used clinically. Its main active ingredient, glycyrrhizic acid (GA), is believed to have a neuroprotective effect. However, the underlying biological mechanisms of GA on stress-induced anxiety disorders are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-anxiety effect of GA and its underlying mechanism. METHODS We selected the anxiety model induced by repeated chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 2 h on each of 7 consecutive days. GA (4, 20, 100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally once daily for 1 week. The potential GA receptors were identified using whole-cell patches and computer-assisted docking of molecules. High-throughput RNA sequencing, adeno-associated virus-mediated gene regulation, Western blotting, and RT-qPCR were used to assess the underlying molecular pathways. RESULTS GA alleviate depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors in CRS mice. GA decreased synaptic transmission by facilitating glutamate reuptaking in mPFC. Meanwhile, long-term GA treatment increased the expression of clock genes Per1 and Per2. Suppressing both Per1 and Per2 abolished the anxiolytic effects of GA treatment. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that GA may be developed for the treatment of stress-induced anxiety disorders, and its mechanism is related to GLT1 and Per1/2-dependent pathways. This presents a novel approach to discovering potent therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanbo Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ye Chong
- Departments of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Quan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jiayue Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shan Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Wei PW, Wang X, Wang C, Chen M, Liu MZ, Liu WX, He YL, Xu GB, Zheng XH, Zhang H, Liu HM, Wang B. Ginkgo biloba L. exocarp petroleum ether extract inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by modulating ion transport, virulence, and biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:117957. [PMID: 38493904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As reported in the Ancient Chinese Medicinal Books, Ginkgo biloba L. fruit has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment asthma and cough or as a disinfectant. Our previous study demonstrated that G. biloba exocarp extract (GBEE), an extract of a traditional Chinese herb, inhibits the formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms. However, GBEE is a crude extract that contains many components, and the underlying mechanisms of purified GBEE fractions extracted with solvents of different polarities are unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the different components in GBEE fractions extracted with solvents of different polarities and their antibacterial effects and mechanisms against MRSA and Staphylococcus haemolyticus biofilms both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The components in different fractions were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). Microbroth dilution assays and time growth curves were used to determine the antibacterial effects of the fractions on 15 clinical bacterial isolates. Crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to identify the fractions that affected bacterial biofilm formation. The potential MRSA targets of the GBEE fraction obtained with petroleum ether (PE), denoted GBEE-PE, were screened by transcriptome sequencing, and the gene expression profile was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS HPLC-HRMS analysis revealed that the four GBEE fractions (extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) contained different ginkgo components, and the antibacterial effects decreased as the polarity of the extraction solvent increased. The antibacterial activity of GBEE-PE was greater than that of the GBEE fraction extracted with ethyl acetate (EA). GBEE-PE improved H. illucens survival and reduced MRSA colonization in model mouse organs. Crystal violet staining and SEM and TEM analyses revealed that GBEE-PE inhibited MRSA and S. haemolyticus biofilm formation. Transcriptional analysis revealed that GBEE-PE inhibits MRSA biofilms by altering ion transport, cell wall metabolism and virulence-related gene expression. In addition, the LO2 cell viability and H. illucens toxicity assay data showed that GBEE-PE at 20 mg/kg was nontoxic. CONCLUSION The GBEE fractions contained different components, and their antibacterial effects decreased with increases in the polarity of the extraction solvent. GBEE-PE limited MRSA growth and biofilm formation by affecting ion transport, cell wall synthesis, and virulence-related pathways. This research provides a more detailed overview of the mechanism by which GBEE-PE inhibits MRSA both in vitro and in vivo and suggests that GBEE-PE is a new prospective antimicrobial with the potential to be used in MRSA therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formulation (R&D) Department, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, China Ministry of Education (School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University), Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, China Ministry of Education (School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University), Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen-Xia Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling He
- Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, 561113, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiao-He Zheng
- Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China.
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Health Medicine Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Engineering (Modern Industry College of Health Medicine), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, China Ministry of Education (School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University), Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, Guizhou, China.
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193
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Kim D, Lee D, Lee J, Lee B, Ko SW. Association between the red cell distribution width and mortality in elderly patients with non-traumatic coma: An observational cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38773. [PMID: 38941367 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) can be associated with disease severity. However, studies on RDW for the prognosis of elderly patients with non-traumatic coma (NTC) are lacking. This study aims to examine the relationship between RDW and outcomes in elderly patients with NTC. This observational cohort study included elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with NTC between January 2022 and December 2022. We measured RDW upon patient arrival at the emergency department (ED). We conducted a multivariable analysis using logistic regression of relevant covariates to predict in-hospital mortality. Survival curves based on 30-day mortality were designed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was 30-day mortality. A total of 689 patients were included in the study, and in-hospital mortality was 29.6% (n = 204). Our results found that the RDWs of non-survivors were significantly greater than those of survivors (14.6% vs 13.6%). Multivariable analysis showed that RDWs at ED arrival were independently associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.126; 95% confidence interval, 1.047-1.212; P < .001). The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that the survival probability of patients with a low RDW was greater than those with a high RDW. Having a high RDW at ED arrival was associated with in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with NTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongki Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungkook Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Urmi UL, Vijay AK, Willcox MDP, Attard S, Enninful G, Kumar N, Islam S, Kuppusamy R. Exploring the Efficacy of Peptides and Mimics against Influenza A Virus, Adenovirus, and Murine Norovirus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7030. [PMID: 39000138 PMCID: PMC11240954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing battle against viral pandemics continues, with the possibility of future outbreaks. The search for effective antiviral compounds that can combat a diverse range of viruses continues to be a focal point of research. This study investigated the efficacy of two natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (lactoferricin and LL-37), two synthetic AMPs (melimine and Mel4), and nine AMP mimics (758, 1091, 1096, 1083, 610, NAPL, 3-BIPL, 4-BIPL, and Sau-22) against influenza A virus strains H1N1 and H3N2, human adenovirus 5 (HAdV-5), and murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1). These compounds were tested using virus pre-treatment, cell pre-treatment, or post-cell entry treatment assays, electron microscopy, and circular dichroism (CD), alongside evaluations of cytotoxicity against the host cells. After virus pre-treatment, the AMP mimics 610 and Sau-22 had relatively low IC50 values for influenza strains H1N1 (2.35 and 6.93 µM, respectively) and H3N2 (3.7 and 5.34 µM, respectively). Conversely, natural and synthetic AMPs were not active against these strains. For the non-enveloped viruses, the AMP Mel4 and mimic 1083 had moderate activity against HAdV-5 (Mel4 IC50 = 47.4 µM; 1083 IC50 = 47.2 µM), whereas all AMPs, but none of the mimics, were active against norovirus (LL-37 IC50 = 4.2 µM; lactoferricin IC50 = 23.18 µM; melimine IC50 = 4.8 µM; Mel4 IC50 = 8.6 µM). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the mimics targeted the outer envelope of influenza viruses, while the AMPs targeted the capsid of non-enveloped viruses. CD showed that Mel4 adopted an α-helical structure in a membrane mimetic environment, but mimic 758 remained unstructured. The diverse activity against different virus groups is probably influenced by charge, hydrophobicity, size, and, in the case of natural and synthetic AMPs, their secondary structure. These findings underscore the potential of peptides and mimics as promising candidates for antiviral therapeutics against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Laila Urmi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ajay Kumar Vijay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Samuel Attard
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - George Enninful
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Salequl Islam
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- The Drug Discovery Initiative, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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195
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Zhao X, Luo T, Qiu Y, Yang Z, Wang D, Wang Z, Zeng J, Bi Z. Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine overcoming of radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1388750. [PMID: 38993643 PMCID: PMC11237312 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1388750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent malignancy among women, with radiotherapy serving as a primary treatment modality. Despite radiotherapy, a subset of breast cancer patients experiences local recurrence, attributed to the intrinsic resistance of tumors to radiation. Therefore, there is a compelling need to explore novel approaches that can enhance cytotoxic effects through alternative mechanisms. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and its active constituents exhibit diverse pharmacological actions, including anti-tumor effects, offering extensive possibilities to identify effective components capable of overcoming radiotherapy resistance. This review delineates the mechanisms underlying radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer, along with potential candidate Chinese herbal medicines that may sensitize breast cancer cells to radiotherapy. The exploration of such herbal interventions holds promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in the context of breast cancer radiotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
| | - Yuting Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danni Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zairui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofei Bi
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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196
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Xie Y, Hou Y, Yu Y, Zhang J, Long J, Chen M, Lang X, Yang X, Chen H. Cascade branch migration-triggered strand displacement amplification for specific and sensitive detection of microRNA. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4116-4123. [PMID: 38855960 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00765d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been involved in many biological processes and are regarded as promising biomarkers. The short sequence, low abundance and highly homologous interference sequences greatly hinder the accurate detection of miRNAs. Here, a cascade branch migration-triggered strand displacement amplification (CBM-TSDA) strategy was developed for the first time for specific and sensitive detection of miRNA-155 (miR-155). In the presence of target miR-155, the CBM was initiated and two Y-shaped probes were eventually produced. Next, the Y-shaped probes were transformed into three-way junction (3WJ) structures and triggered the SDA to produce a large number of G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Finally, the increased fluorescence signal of G4/Thioflavin T (ThT) was used to quantify miR-155. Meanwhile, the colorimetric responses of the G4-hemin DNAzyme could be used as supplementary detection to obtain a dual-mode signal readout. This detection strategy showed high detection sensitivity, and the limit of detection was 0.28 pM in the fluorescence detection mode and 0.34 pM in the colorimetric detection mode. Notably, it showed high detection specificity, being able to discriminate the single-base mutations of the target with a high discrimination factor. The strategy also possessed excellent capacity for miR-155 detection in cell lysates and real human blood samples. The developed strategy provides a promising detection platform for miRNA, which may be applied to early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Xie
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Yulei Hou
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Jianhong Zhang
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Jinyan Long
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Mengqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Xueqing Lang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
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197
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Desai A, Petrov J, Hashash JG, Patel H, Brahmbhatt B, Kochhar GS, Farraye FA. Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 38938071 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) show anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To evaluate their clinical impact on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcomes. METHODS Retrospective cohort study utilising the TriNetX database comparing IBD-specific outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on GLP-1RA compared to oral hypoglycaemic agents. The primary outcome was hospitalisation requiring intravenous steroids and IBD-related surgery within 3 years. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) for demographics, co-morbid conditions, BMI, laboratory values, HbA1c, and IBD medications including steroids. RESULTS We identified 1130 patients in the UC GLP-1RA cohort (mean age: 58.9 ± 11.6 years, 56.3% female, 70.2% White, 57.2% with obesity) and 1140 patients in the CD GLP-1RA cohort (mean age: 56.7 ± 11.5, 61.9% female, 73.6% White, 56.2% with obesity). After PSM, there was no difference in the risk of intravenous steroid use (aHR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.92-1.59) but a lower risk of colectomy (aHR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.14-0.97) between the UC GLP-1RA and control cohort. There was no difference in the risk of intravenous steroid use (aHR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80-1.34) but a lower risk of surgery (aHR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36-0.84) between the CD GLP-1RA and CD control cohort. There was no difference in the risk of oral steroid use or advanced therapy initiation in the UC and CD GLP-1RA than control cohorts. CONCLUSIONS We found an association between lower risk of IBD-related surgery and GLP-1RA use for T2DM in patients with UC or CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica Petrov
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jana G Hashash
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Harsh Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Bhaumik Brahmbhatt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Gursimran S Kochhar
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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198
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Jia G, Wang J, Wang H, Hu X, Long F, Yuan C, Liang C, Wang F. New insights into red blood cells in tumor precision diagnosis and treatment. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11863-11878. [PMID: 38841898 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01454e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs), which function as material transporters in organisms, are rich in materials that are exchanged with metabolically active tumor cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor cells can regulate biological changes in RBCs, including influencing differentiation, maturation, and morphology. RBCs play an important role in tumor development and immune regulation. Notably, the novel scientific finding that RBCs absorb fragments of tumor-carrying DNA overturns the conventional wisdom that RBCs do not contain nucleic acids. RBC membranes are excellent biomimetic materials with significant advantages in terms of their biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, non-specific adsorption resistance, and biodegradability. Therefore, RBCs provide a new research perspective for the development of tumor liquid biopsies, molecular imaging, drug delivery, and other tumor precision diagnosis and treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihua Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.
| | - Hu Wang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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199
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Ge Y, Wang J, Wu L, Wu J. Gut microbiota: a potential new regulator of hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1333005. [PMID: 38993521 PMCID: PMC11236727 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1333005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and has become a global public health concern. Although hypertension results from a combination of factors, the specific mechanism is still unclear. However, increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota is closely associated with the development of hypertension. We provide a summary of the composition and physiological role of gut microbiota. We then delve into the mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites involved in the occurrence and development of hypertension. Finally, we review various regimens for better-controlling hypertension from the diet, exercise, drugs, antibiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lincong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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200
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Nopour R. Establishment of prediction model for mortality risk of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:181. [PMID: 38937795 PMCID: PMC11210158 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pancreatic cancer possesses a high prevalence and mortality rate among other cancers. Despite the low survival rate of this cancer type, the early prediction of this disease has a crucial role in decreasing the mortality rate and improving the prognosis. So, this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, we used 654 alive and dead PC cases to establish the prediction model for PC. The six chosen machine learning algorithms and prognostic factors were utilized to build the prediction models. The importance of the predictive factors was assessed using the relative importance of a high-performing algorithm. RESULTS The XG-Boost with AU-ROC of 0.933 (95% CI= [0.906-0.958]) and AU-ROC of 0.836 (95% CI= [0.789-0.865] in internal and external validation modes were considered as the best-performing model for predicting the mortality risk of PC. The factors, including tumor size, smoking, and chemotherapy, were considered the most influential for prediction. CONCLUSION The XG-Boost gained more performance efficiency in predicting the mortality risk of PC patients, so this model can promote the clinical solutions that doctors can achieve in healthcare environments to decrease the mortality risk of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoof Nopour
- Department of Health Information Management, Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Information Sciences Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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