201
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Lee KE, Kang YS. Characteristics of L-citrulline transport through blood-brain barrier in the brain capillary endothelial cell line (TR-BBB cells). J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:28. [PMID: 28490336 PMCID: PMC5424428 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background L-Citrulline is a neutral amino acid and a major precursor of L-arginine in the nitric oxide (NO) cycle. Recently it has been reported that L-citrulline prevents neuronal cell death and protects cerebrovascular injury, therefore, L-citrulline may have a neuroprotective effect to improve cerebrovascular dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the brain transport mechanism of L-citrulline through blood-brain barrier (BBB) using the conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial cell line (TR-BBB cells), as an in vitro model of the BBB. Methods The uptake study of [14C] L-citrulline, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and rLAT1, system b0,+, and CAT1 small interfering RNA study were performed in TR-BBB cells. Results The uptake of [14C] L-citrulline was a time-dependent, but ion-independent manner in TR-BBB cells. The transport process involved two saturable components with a Michaelis–Menten constant of 30.9 ± 1.0 μM (Km1) and 1.69 ± 0.43 mM (Km2). The uptake of [14C] L-citrulline in TR-BBB cells was significantly inhibited by neutral and cationic amino acids, but not by anionic amino acids. In addition, [14C]L-citrulline uptake in the cells was markedly inhibited by 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH), which is the inhibitor of the large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), B0, B0,+ and harmaline, the inhibitor of system b0,+. Gabapentin and L-dopa as the substrates of LAT1 competitively inhibited the uptake of [14C] L-citrulline. IC50 values for L-dopa, gabapentin, L-phenylalanine and L-arginine were 501 μM, 223 μM, 68.9 μM and 33.4 mM, respectively. The expression of mRNA for LAT1 was predominantly increased 187-fold in comparison with that of system b0,+ in TR-BBB cells. In the studies of LAT1, system b0,+ and CAT1 knockdown via siRNA transfection into TR-BBB cells, the transcript level of LAT1 and [14C] L-citrulline uptake by LAT1 siRNA were significantly reduced compared with those by control siRNA in TR-BBB cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that transport of L-citrulline is mainly mediated by LAT1 in TR-BBB cells. Delivery strategy for LAT1-mediated transport and supply of L-citrulline to the brain may serve as therapeutic approaches to improve its neuroprotective effect in patients with cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Cell Fate Control, Sookmyung Women's University, 52, Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, South Korea
| | - Young-Sook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Cell Fate Control, Sookmyung Women's University, 52, Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, South Korea.
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202
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Roles of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms in Neurogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2645-2652. [PMID: 28421538 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical gas, acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system (CNS). It has been widely explored as a mediator of neuroinflammation, neuronal damages, and neurodegeneration at its pathological levels. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that NO plays key roles in mediating adult neurogenesis, the process of neural stem cells (NSCs) to generate newborn neurons for replacing damaged neurons or maintaining the function of the brain. NO synthase (NOS) is a major enzyme catalyzing the generation of NO in the brain. Recent studies indicate that three homologous NOS isoforms are involved in the proliferation of NSCs and neurogenesis. Therefore, the impact of NOS isoforms on NSC functions needs to be elucidated. Here, we summarize the studies on the role of NO and NOS with different isoforms in NSC proliferation and neurogenesis with the focus on introducing action mechanisms involved in the regulation of NSC function. This growing research area provides the new insight into controlling NSC function via regulating NO microenvironment in the brain. It also provides the evidence on targeting NOS for the treatment of brain diseases.
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203
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Liu SG, Wang YM, Zhang YJ, He XJ, Ma T, Song W, Zhang YM. ZL006 protects spinal cord neurons against ischemia-induced oxidative stress through AMPK-PGC-1α-Sirt3 pathway. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:230-237. [PMID: 28411102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) induces a range of cellular and molecular cascades, including activation of glutamate receptors and downstream signaling. Post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) links neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) with the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors to form a ternary complex in the CNS. This molecular complex-mediated cytotoxicity has been implicated in brain ischemia, but its role in SCI has not been determined. The goal of the study was to investigate the potential protective effects of ZL006, a small-molecule inhibitor of the PSD-95/nNOS interaction, in an in vitro SCI model induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in cultured spinal cord neurons. We found that ZL006 reduced OGD-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, neuronal apoptosis and loss of cell viability. This protection was accompanied by the preservation of mitochondrial function, as evidenced by reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress, attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, and enhanced ATP generation. In addition, ZL006 stimulated mitochondrial enzyme activities and SOD2 deacetylation in a Sirt3-dependent manner. The results of western blot analysis showed that ZL006 increased the activation of AMPK-PGC-1α-Sirt3 pathway, and the beneficial effects of ZL006 was partially abolished by AMPK inhibitor and PGC-1α knockdown. Therefore, our present data showed that, by the AMPK-PGC-1α-Sirt3 pathway, ZL006 protects spinal cord neurons against ischemia through reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress to prevent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Guang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China
| | - Yun-Mei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Xi-Jing He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Joint Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Joint Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China
| | - Yu-Min Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China.
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204
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Eroglu E, Rost R, Bischof H, Blass S, Schreilechner A, Gottschalk B, Depaoli MR, Klec C, Charoensin S, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Ramadani J, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Graier WF, Malli R. Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells. J Vis Exp 2017:55486. [PMID: 28362417 PMCID: PMC5408997 DOI: 10.3791/55486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO•) is a small radical, which mediates multiple important cellular functions in mammals, bacteria and plants. Despite the existence of a large number of methods for detecting NO• in vivo and in vitro, the real-time monitoring of NO• at the single-cell level is very challenging. The physiological or pathological effects of NO• are determined by the actual concentration and dwell time of this radical. Accordingly, methods that allow the single-cell detection of NO• are highly desirable. Recently, we expanded the pallet of NO• indicators by introducing single fluorescent protein-based genetically encoded nitric oxide (NO•) probes (geNOps) that directly respond to cellular NO• fluctuations and, hence, addresses this need. Here we demonstrate the usage of geNOps to assess intracellular NO• signals in response to two different chemical NO•-liberating molecules. Our results also confirm that freshly prepared 3-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitrosohydrazino)-N-methyl-1-propanamine (NOC-7) has a much higher potential to evoke change in intracellular NO• levels as compared with the inorganic NO• donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Furthermore, dual-color live-cell imaging using the green geNOps (G-geNOp) and the chemical Ca2+ indicator fura-2 was performed to visualize the tight regulation of Ca2+-dependent NO• formation in single endothelial cells. These representative experiments demonstrate that geNOps are suitable tools to investigate the real-time generation and degradation of single-cell NO• signals in diverse experimental setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Eroglu
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Rene Rost
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Helmut Bischof
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Sandra Blass
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Anna Schreilechner
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | | | - Maria R Depaoli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Christiane Klec
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | | | | | - Jeta Ramadani
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | | | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz
| | - Roland Malli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz;
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205
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Gawali NB, Bulani VD, Gursahani MS, Deshpande PS, Kothavade PS, Juvekar AR. Agmatine attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced anxiety, depression-like behaviours and cognitive impairment by modulating nitrergic signalling pathway. Brain Res 2017; 1663:66-77. [PMID: 28302445 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agmatine, a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator, has shown to exert numerous effects on the CNS. Chronic stress is a risk factor for development of depression, anxiety and deterioration of cognitive performance. Compelling evidences indicate an involvement of nitric oxide (NO) pathway in these disorders. Hence, investigation of the beneficial effects of agmatine on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression, anxiety and cognitive performance with the involvement of nitrergic pathway was undertaken. Mice were subjected to a battery of stressors for 28days. Agmatine (20 and 40mg/kg, i.p.) alone and in combination with NO modulators like L-NAME (15mg/kg, i.p.) and l-arginine (400mg/kg i.p.) were administered daily. The results showed that 4-weeks CUMS produces significant depression and anxiety-like behaviour. Stressed mice have also shown a significant high serum corticosterone (CORT) and low BDNF level. Chronic treatment with agmatine produced significant antidepressant-like behaviour in forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test, whereas, anxiolytic-like behaviour in elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) with improved cognitive impairment in Morris water maze (MWM). Furthermore, agmatine administration reduced the levels of acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress markers. In addition, agmatine treatment significantly increased the BDNF level and inhibited serum CORT level in stressed mice. Treatment with L-NAME (15mg/kg) potentiated the effect of agmatine whereas l-arginine abolished the anxiolytic, antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of agmatine. Agmatine showed marked effect on depression and anxiety-like behaviour in mice through nitrergic pathway, which may be related to modulation of oxidative-nitrergic stress, CORT and BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin B Gawali
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Vipin D Bulani
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Malvika S Gursahani
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Padmini S Deshpande
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Pankaj S Kothavade
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Archana R Juvekar
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India.
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206
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Jin X, Yu ZF, Chen F, Lu GX, Ding XY, Xie LJ, Sun JT. Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Neural Stem Cells Induces Neuronal Fate Commitment via the Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 2. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:66. [PMID: 28326018 PMCID: PMC5339248 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Active adult neurogenesis produces new functional neurons, which replace the lost ones and contribute to brain repair. Promoting neurogenesis may offer a therapeutic strategy for human diseases associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we report that endogenous neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) for neural stem cells (NSCs) or progenitors positively regulates neurogenesis. nNOS repression exhibits significantly decreased neuronal differentiation and nNOS upregulation promotes neurons production from NSCs. Using a quantitative approach, we show that instructive effect, that is instruction of NSCs to adopt a neuronal fate, contributes to the favorable effect of endogenous nNOS on neurogenesis. Furthermore, nNOS-mediated instruction of neuronal fate commitment is predominantly due to the reduction of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression and enzymatic activity. Further investigation will be needed to test whether HDAC2 can serve as a new target for therapeutic intervention of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Feng Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guang-Xian Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin-Jun Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian-Tong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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207
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Fadel
- From the Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington.
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208
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O-GlcNAc Glycosylation of nNOS Promotes Neuronal Apoptosis Following Glutamate Excitotoxicity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:1465-1475. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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209
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Liu P, Gupta N, Jing Y, Collie ND, Zhang H, Smith PF. Further studies of the effects of aging on arginine metabolites in the rat vestibular nucleus and cerebellum. Neuroscience 2017; 348:273-287. [PMID: 28238850 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have demonstrated that aging is associated with impaired vestibular reflexes, especially otolithic reflexes, resulting in postural instability. However, the neurochemical basis of these age-related changes is still poorly understood. The l-arginine metabolic system has been implicated in changes in the brain associated with aging. In the current study, we examined the levels of l-arginine and its metabolizing enzymes and downstream metabolites in the vestibular nucleus complex (VNC) and cerebellum (CE) of rats with and without behavioral testing which were young (4months old), middle-aged (12months old) or aged (24months old). We found that aging was associated with lower nitric oxide synthase activity in the CE of animals with testing and increased arginase in the VNC and CE of animals with testing. l-citrulline and l-ornithine were lower in the VNC of aged animals irrespective of testing, while l-arginine and l-citrulline were lower in the CE with and without testing, respectively. In the VNC and CE, aging was associated with lower levels of glutamate in the VNC, irrespective of testing. In the VNC it was associated with higher levels of agmatine and putrescine, irrespective of testing. In the CE, aging was associated with higher levels of putrescine in animals without testing and with higher levels of spermine in animals with testing, and spermidine, irrespective of testing. Multivariate analyses indicated significant predictive relationships between the different variables, and there were correlations between some of the neurochemical variables and behavioral measurements. Cluster analyses revealed that aging altered the relationships between l-arginine and its metabolites. The results of this study demonstrate that there are major changes occurring in l-arginine metabolism in the VNC and CE as a result of age, as well as behavioral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; The Brain Research New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence, New Zealand.
| | - N Gupta
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Y Jing
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - N D Collie
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - H Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - P F Smith
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; The Brain Research New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence, New Zealand; The Eisdell Moore Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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210
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NOS1 S-nitrosylates PTEN and inhibits autophagy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17011. [PMID: 28243469 PMCID: PMC5317009 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular survival mechanism that involves the catabolic degradation of damaged proteins and organelles during periods of metabolic stress, and when overly stimulated, commonly contributes to cell death. Nitric oxide (NO), a potent cellular messenger, participates in a complex mechanism which assists in controlling autophagy. However, the mechanism by which endogenous NO formed by distinct isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) helps to regulate autophagy in cancer cells remains unclear. Here we report that NOS1 reduces excessive levels of autophagy and promotes the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. We found that inhibition of NOS1 increased cell death resulting from siRNA or the use of pharmacologic agents; and this effect was reversed by the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine. The role of NOS1 in the autophagy process depended on the activation of AKT/mTOR signaling by S-nitrosylation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) proteins. The mechanism by which NOS1 modifies PTEN protein might involve a direct interaction between these two molecules. Moreover, in an in vivo study, the NOS1 inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester activated AKT/mTOR signaling and promoted autophagy in xenograph tumors. Our studies demonstrated that NOS1 prevents excessive autophagy via S-nitrosylation of PTEN, and activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PTEN and the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway are promising targets for improving the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer.
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211
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Tafuri S, De Pasquale V, Costagliola A, Della Morte R, Avallone L, Pavone LM. Health and disease, an orchestra of three players: Serotonin, orexins, and nitric oxide. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:1891-1893. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tafuri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Anna Costagliola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Rossella Della Morte
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Luigi Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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212
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Lourenço CF, Ledo A, Barbosa RM, Laranjinha J. Neurovascular uncoupling in the triple transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease: Impaired cerebral blood flow response to neuronal-derived nitric oxide signaling. Exp Neurol 2017; 291:36-43. [PMID: 28161255 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways and cerebrovascular dysfunction have been shown to contribute to the cognitive decline and neurodegeneration observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but whether they represent initial factors or later changes of the disease is still a matter of debate. In this work, we aimed at investigating whether and to what extent neuronal-derived NO signaling and related neurovascular coupling are impaired along aging in the hippocampus of the triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease (3xTg-AD). We performed a longitudinal study combining behavior studies, in vivo simultaneous measurements of NO concentration gradients and cerebral blood flow (CBF), along with detection of NO synthase (NOS) and markers of nitroxidative stress. Our results revealed an impairment in the neurovascular coupling along aging in the 3xTg-AD mice which preceded obvious cognitive decline. This impairment was characterized by diminished CBF changes in response to normal or even increased NO signals and associated with markers of nitroxidative stress. The results suggest that impairment in neurovascular coupling is primarily due to cerebrovascular dysfunction, rather than due to dysfunctional NO signaling from neurons to blood vessels. Overall, this work supports cerebrovascular dysfunction as a fundamental underlying process in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia F Lourenço
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Ledo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M Barbosa
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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213
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Li PY, Wang X, Stetler RA, Chen J, Yu WF. Anti-inflammatory signaling: the point of convergence for medical gases in neuroprotection against ischemic stroke. Med Gas Res 2016; 6:227-231. [PMID: 28217296 PMCID: PMC5223315 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.196906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that a variety of medical gases confer neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, extending function beyond their regular clinical applications. The mechanisms underlying ischemic neuroprotection afforded by medical gases have been intensively studied over the past two decades. A number of signaling pathways have been proposed, among which anti-inflammatory signaling has been proven to be critical. Pursuit of the role for anti-inflammatory signaling may shed new light on the translational application of medical gas-afforded neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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214
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Agha G, Hajj H, Rifas-Shiman SL, Just AC, Hivert MF, Burris HH, Lin X, Litonjua AA, Oken E, DeMeo DL, Gillman MW, Baccarelli AA. Birth weight-for-gestational age is associated with DNA methylation at birth and in childhood. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:118. [PMID: 27891191 PMCID: PMC5112715 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both higher and lower fetal growth are associated with cardio-metabolic health later in life, suggesting that prenatal developmental programming determines long-term cardiovascular disease risk. Epigenetic mechanisms, which orchestrate fetal growth and development, may offer insight on the early programming of health and disease. We investigated whether birth weight-for-gestational is associated with DNA methylation at birth and mid-childhood, measured via the Infinium 450K array. METHODS/RESULTS Participants were from Project Viva, a pre-birth cohort of pregnant women and their children in Eastern Massachusetts. After exclusion of participants with maternal type 1 or 2 diabetes and gestational age <34 weeks, we used DNA methylation assays from 476 venous umbilical cord blood samples and a subset of 235 who additionally had peripheral blood samples available in mid-childhood (age 7-10 years). Among 392,918 CpG sites analyzed, birth weight-for-gestational age z-score was associated with cord blood DNA methylation at 34 CpGs (false discovery rate P < 0.05), after adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, parity, delivery mode, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational diabetes status, child sex, and estimated cord blood cell proportions based on a cord blood reference panel. Two of these CpGs were previously reported in epigenome-wide analyses of birth weight, and several other CpGs map to genes relevant to fetal growth and development. Namely, higher birth weight-for-gestational age was associated with higher methylation at four CpGs at the PBX1 locus (e.g., β (95% CI) for lead signal at cg06750897 = 1.9 (1.2, 2.6)), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates embryonic development. Birth weight-for-gestational age was also associated with mid-childhood blood DNA methylation at four of the 34 CpGs identified in cord blood analyses, including sites at the PBX1 locus described. CONCLUSIONS We identified CpG sites where birth weight-for-gestational age was associated with DNA methylation at birth, and for a subset of these sites, birth weight-for-gestational age was also associated with DNA methylation at mid-childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golareh Agha
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Hanine Hajj
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Allan C. Just
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Heather H. Burris
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Emily Oken
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Matthew W. Gillman
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
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215
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Shakoor A, Abdullah M, Yousaf B, Amina, Ma Y. Atmospheric emission of nitric oxide and processes involved in its biogeochemical transformation in terrestrial environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016:10.1007/s11356-016-7823-6. [PMID: 27771880 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an intra- and intercellular gaseous signaling molecule with a broad spectrum of regulatory functions in biological system. Its emissions are produced by both natural and anthropogenic sources; however, soils are among the most important sources of NO. Nitric oxide plays a decisive role in environmental-atmospheric chemistry by controlling the tropospheric photochemical production of ozone and regulates formation of various oxidizing agents such as hydroxyl radical (OH), which contributes to the formation of acid of precipitates. Consequently, for developing strategies to overcome the deleterious impact of NO on terrestrial ecosystem, it is mandatory to have reliable information about the exact emission mechanism and processes involved in its transformation in soil-atmospheric system. Although the formation process of NO is a complex phenomenon and depends on many physicochemical characteristics, such as organic matter, soil pH, soil moisture, soil temperature, etc., this review provides comprehensive updates about the emission characteristics and biogeochemical transformation mechanism of NO. Moreover, this article will also be helpful to understand the processes involved in the consumption of NO in soils. Further studies describing the functions of NO in biological system are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Shakoor
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- State-Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Amina
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Youhua Ma
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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216
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Hong Z, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Qi M, Li Y, Du Y, Chen L, Chen L. Enhanced Oxidative Stress Is Responsible for TRPV4-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:232. [PMID: 27799895 PMCID: PMC5065954 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) has been reported to be responsible for neuronal injury in pathological conditions. Excessive oxidative stress can lead to neuronal damage, and activation of TRPV4 increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in many types of cells. The present study explored whether TRPV4-induced neuronal injury is mediated through enhancing oxidative stress. We found that intracerebroventricular injection of the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A increased the content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) and NO in the hippocampus, which was blocked by administration of the TRPV4 specific antagonist HC-067047. The activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were decreased by GSK1016790A, whereas the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) remained unchanged. Moreover, the protein level and activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) were increased by GSK1016790A, and the GSK1016790A-induced increase in NO content was blocked by an nNOS specific antagonist ARL-17477. The GSK1016790A-induced modulations of CAT, GSH-Px and nNOS activities and the protein level of nNOS were significantly inhibited by HC-067047. Finally, GSK1016790A-induced neuronal death and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 area were markedly attenuated by administration of a ROS scavenger Trolox or ARL-17477. We conclude that activation of TRPV4 enhances oxidative stress by inhibiting CAT and GSH-Px and increasing nNOS, which is responsible, at least in part, for TRPV4-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Hong
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yujing Tian
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yibiao Yuan
- The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Mengwen Qi
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
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217
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Kovaleva VD, Uzdensky AB. Photodynamic therapy-induced nitric oxide production in neuronal and glial cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:105005. [PMID: 27784050 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.10.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been recently demonstrated to enhance apoptosis of glial cells induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT), but to protect glial cells from PDT-induced necrosis in the crayfish stretch receptor, a simple neuroglial preparation that consists of a single mechanosensory neuron enveloped by satellite glial cells. We used the NO-sensitive fluorescent probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate to study the distribution and dynamics of PDT-induced NO production in the mechanosensory neuron and surrounding glial cells. The NO production in the glial envelope was higher than in the neuronal soma axon and dendrites both in control and in experimental conditions. In dark NO generator, DEA NONOate or NO synthase substrate L-arginine hydrochloride significantly increased the NO level in glial cells, whereas NO scavenger 2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) or inhibitors of NO synthase L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester and N?-nitro-L-arginine decreased it. PDT induced the transient increase in NO production with a maximum at 4 to 7 min after the irradiation start followed by its inhibition at 10 to 40 min. We suggested that PDT stimulated neuronal rather than inducible NO synthase isoform in glial cells, and the produced NO could mediate PDT-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera D Kovaleva
- Southern Federal University, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Stachky Avenue 194/1, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Anatoly B Uzdensky
- Southern Federal University, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Stachky Avenue 194/1, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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218
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Chayah M, Camacho ME, Carrión MD, Gallo MA. (1) H and (13) C NMR spectral assignment of N,N'-disubstituted thiourea and urea derivatives active against nitric oxide synthase. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:793-799. [PMID: 27173052 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The (1) H and (13) C NMR resonances of seventeen N-alkyl and aryl-N'-[3-hydroxy-3-(2-nitro-5-substitutedphenyl)propyl]-thioureas and ureas (1-17), and seventeen N-alkyl or aryl-N'-[3-(2-amino-5-substitutedphenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl]-thioureas and ureas (18-34), designed as NOS inhibitors, were assigned completely using the concerted application of one- and two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, HSQC and HMBC). NOESY studies confirm the preferred conformation of these compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Chayah
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - M Encarnación Camacho
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - M Dora Carrión
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Gallo
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
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219
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Chen S, Yang G, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Wang W, Wei J, Li K, Wu J, Chen Z, Li Y, Mu S, OuYang L, Lei W. A Comparative Study of Three Interneuron Types in the Rat Spinal Cord. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162969. [PMID: 27658248 PMCID: PMC5033377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interneurons are involved in the physiological function and the pathomechanism of the spinal cord. Present study aimed to examine and compare the characteristics of Cr+, Calb+ and Parv+ interneurons in morphology and distribution by using immunhistochemical and Western blot techniques. Results showed that 1) Cr-Calb presented a higher co-existence rate than that of Cr-Parv, and both of them were higher in the ventral horn than in the dosal horn; 2) Cr+, Calb+ and Parv+ neurons distributing zonally in the superficial dosal horn were small-sized. Parv+ neuronswere the largest, and Cr+ and Calb+ neurons were higher density among them. In the deep dorsal horn, Parv+ neurons were mainly located in nucleus thoracicus and the remaining scatteredly distributed. Cr+ neuronal size was the largest, and Calb+ neurons were the least among three interneuron types; 3) Cr+, Calb+ and Parv+ neurons of ventral horns displayed polygonal, round and fusiform, and Cr+ and Parv+ neurons were mainly distributed in the deep layer, but Calb+ neurons mainly in the superficial layer. Cr+ neurons were the largest, and distributed more in ventral horns than in dorsal horns; 4) in the dorsal horn of lumbar cords, Calb protein levels was the highest, but Parv protein level in ventral horns was the highest among the three protein types. Present results suggested that the morphological characteristics of three interneuron types imply their physiological function and pathomechanism relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangqi Yang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaxi Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongwei Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayou Wei
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Keyi Li
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youlan Li
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhua Mu
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lisi OuYang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanlong Lei
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: ,
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220
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Butler LM, Hallström BM, Fagerberg L, Pontén F, Uhlén M, Renné T, Odeberg J. Analysis of Body-wide Unfractionated Tissue Data to Identify a Core Human Endothelial Transcriptome. Cell Syst 2016; 3:287-301.e3. [PMID: 27641958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells line blood vessels and regulate hemostasis, inflammation, and blood pressure. Proteins critical for these specialized functions tend to be predominantly expressed in endothelial cells across vascular beds. Here, we present a systems approach to identify a panel of human endothelial-enriched genes using global, body-wide transcriptomics data from 124 tissue samples from 32 organs. We identified known and unknown endothelial-enriched gene transcripts and used antibody-based profiling to confirm expression across vascular beds. The majority of identified transcripts could be detected in cultured endothelial cells from various vascular beds, and we observed maintenance of relative expression in early passage cells. In summary, we describe a widely applicable method to determine cell-type-specific transcriptome profiles in a whole-organism context, based on differential abundance across tissues. We identify potential vascular drug targets or endothelial biomarkers and highlight candidates for functional studies to increase understanding of the endothelium in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Marie Butler
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Björn Mikael Hallström
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Fagerberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacob Odeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden; Coagulation Unit, Centre for Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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221
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Džoljić E, Grbatinić I, Kostić V. Why is nitric oxide important for our brain? FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2016; 30:159-63. [PMID: 26910176 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2015.30.3.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The freely diffusible gaseous compound nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be an important messenger in many organ systems throughout the body, and particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). The importance of NO as an intermediary in cell communication in the brain is highlighted by the fact that the excitatory amino acid glutamate, the most abundant CNS neurotransmitter, is an initiator of the reaction that forms NO. Because of its numerous physiological and pathophysiological roles, the impact of NO on clinical medicine is developing. NO can act as a "double-edged sword" and it has been demonstrated that clarification of the dual effect of NO might have implications for clinical medicine, and could lead to the emergence of therapeutic opportunities. Accordingly, NO was proclaimed "Mole cule of the Year" in 1992 by the journal Science, while discovery of the pathways and roles of NO was acknowledged with the Nobel Prize in 1998. Additionally, the ubiquity of NO in the CNS implies that drugs designed to modify the biological activity of NO may have distinct effects. Thus, further clinical applications of NO, of its analogs or of newly developed NOS inhibitors are forthcoming. The therapeutic challenge would be to succeed in manipulating the NO pathways selectively.
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222
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Gądek-Michalska A, Tadeusz J, Rachwalska P, Bugajski J. Psychosocial stress inhibits additional stress-induced hyperexpression of NO synthases and IL-1β in brain structures. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1178-1196. [PMID: 27649096 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP) and hypothalamus (HT) during chronic crowding (CS) (psychosocial) and restraint (RS) (physico-psychological) stress. Adaptational changes of these stress mediators to a subsequent acute RS, in two models of chronic stress were investigated. METHODS Rats were crowded (24 in one cage) or restrained in metal tubes for 10min twice a day for 3, 7, and 14 consecutive days and decapitated. For determination of adaptational changes the chronically crowded and restrained rats 24h after the last stress session were subjected to a single 10min RS. The IL-1β, nNOS and iNOS protein levels in brain structures samples were analyzed by Western blot procedure. RESULTS Chronic CS for 3days did not markedly change the subsequent acute stress induced expression of nNOS, iNOS and IL-1β protein level in PFC and iNOS protein level in HT. CS markedly decreased the expression of nNOS, iNOS and IL-1β in HIP. By contrast, parallel chronic RS, significantly increased the subsequent acute stress-induced expression of iNOS and IL-1β in PFC and considerably increased iNOS level in HT. CONCLUSION Chronic psychosocial stress, may protect against possible harmful action of hyperproduction of iNOS and iNOS derived nitric oxide (NO) mainly in PFC and HIP. By contrast, chronic physico-psychosocial stress may strongly potentiate additional stress-induced harmful effects of NOS and IL-1β hyperproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gądek-Michalska
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, 31-343 Kraków, Smętna street 12, Poland.
| | - Joanna Tadeusz
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, 31-343 Kraków, Smętna street 12, Poland
| | - Paulina Rachwalska
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, 31-343 Kraków, Smętna street 12, Poland
| | - Jan Bugajski
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, 31-343 Kraków, Smętna street 12, Poland
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223
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Zhao Z. Reevaluation of Antioxidative Strategies for Birth Defect Prevention in Diabetic Pregnancies. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR RESEARCH & THERAPEUTICS 2016; 5:145. [PMID: 28824831 PMCID: PMC5560165 DOI: 10.4172/2167-7956.1000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus in early pregnancy is the most severe maternal disease that is counted for 10% of newborn infants with structural defects. With the rapid increases in the number of diabetic women in childbearing age, the birth defect rate is projected to elevate dramatically. Thus, prevention of embryonic malformations becomes an urgent task. Animal studies have revealed an involvement of oxidative stress in diabetic embryopathy and treatment with antioxidants can reduce embryonic abnormalities. However, the failure of clinical trials using free radical-scavenging antioxidants to alleviate oxidative stress-related diseases prompts researchers to reevaluate the strategy in birth defect prevention. Hyperglycemia also disturbs other intracellular homeostasis, generating aberrant conditions. Perturbed folding of newly synthesized proteins causes accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER under the stress activates signaling cascades, known as unfolded protein response, to suppress cell mitosis and/or trigger apoptosis. ER stress can be ameliorated by chemical chaperones, which promote protein folding. Hyperglycemia also stimulates the expression of nitric oxide (NO) synthase 2 (NOS2) to produce high levels of NO and reactive nitrogen species and augment protein nitrosylation and nitration, resulting in nitrosative stress. Inhibition of NOS2 using inhibitors has been demonstrated to reduce embryonic malformations in diabetic animals. Therefore, targeting ER and nitrosative stress conditions using specific agents to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies warrant further investigations. Simultaneously targeting multiple stress conditions using combined agents is a potentially effective and feasible approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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224
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Forte M, Conti V, Damato A, Ambrosio M, Puca AA, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Vecchione C, Carrizzo A. Targeting Nitric Oxide with Natural Derived Compounds as a Therapeutic Strategy in Vascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:7364138. [PMID: 27651855 PMCID: PMC5019908 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7364138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the family of endogenous gasotransmitters, nitric oxide (NO) is the smallest gaseous intercellular messenger involved in the modulation of several processes, such as blood flow and platelet aggregation control, essential to maintain vascular homeostasis. NO is produced by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and its effects are mediated by cGMP-dependent or cGMP-independent mechanisms. Growing evidence suggests a crosstalk between the NO signaling and the occurrence of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of vascular diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure, ischemia, and stroke. For these reasons, NO is considered as an emerging molecular target for developing therapeutic strategies for cardio- and cerebrovascular pathologies. Several natural derived compounds, such as polyphenols, are now proposed as modulators of NO-mediated pathways. The aim of this review is to highlight the experimental evidence on the involvement of nitric oxide in vascular homeostasis focusing on the therapeutic potential of targeting NO with some natural compounds in patients with vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Conti
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Antonio Damato
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Annibale A. Puca
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
- IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
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Sun M, Liu H, Xu H, Wang H, Wang X. CNTF-ACM promotes mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress in cortical neurons through upregulating L-type calcium channel activity. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 420:195-206. [PMID: 27514537 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A specialized culture medium termed ciliary neurotrophic factor-treated astrocyte-conditioned medium (CNTF-ACM) allows investigators to assess the peripheral effects of CNTF-induced activated astrocytes upon cultured neurons. CNTF-ACM has been shown to upregulate neuronal L-type calcium channel current activity, which has been previously linked to changes in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate CNTF-ACM's effects upon mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress in rat cortical neurons. Cortical neurons, CNTF-ACM, and untreated control astrocyte-conditioned medium (UC-ACM) were prepared from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat cortical tissue. Neurons were cultured in either CNTF-ACM or UC-ACM for a 48-h period. Changes in the following parameters before and after treatment with the L-type calcium channel blocker isradipine were assessed: (i) intracellular calcium levels, (ii) mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), (iii) oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation, (iv) intracellular nitric oxide (NO) levels, (v) mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and (vi) susceptibility to the mitochondrial complex I toxin rotenone. CNTF-ACM neurons displayed the following significant changes relative to UC-ACM neurons: (i) increased intracellular calcium levels (p < 0.05), (ii) elevation in ΔΨm (p < 0.05), (iii) increased OCR and ATP formation (p < 0.05), (iv) increased intracellular NO levels (p < 0.05), (v) increased mitochondrial ROS production (p < 0.05), and (vi) increased susceptibility to rotenone (p < 0.05). Treatment with isradipine was able to partially rescue these negative effects of CNTF-ACM (p < 0.05). CNTF-ACM promotes mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress in cortical neurons through elevating L-type calcium channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqun Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Huanbai Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Respiration, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China.
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226
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Balez R, Steiner N, Engel M, Muñoz SS, Lum JS, Wu Y, Wang D, Vallotton P, Sachdev P, O’Connor M, Sidhu K, Münch G, Ooi L. Neuroprotective effects of apigenin against inflammation, neuronal excitability and apoptosis in an induced pluripotent stem cell model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31450. [PMID: 27514990 PMCID: PMC4981845 DOI: 10.1038/srep31450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, yet current therapeutic treatments are inadequate due to a complex disease pathogenesis. The plant polyphenol apigenin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in a number of cell and animal models; however a comprehensive assessment has not been performed in a human model of AD. Here we have used a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of familial and sporadic AD, in addition to healthy controls, to assess the neuroprotective activity of apigenin. The iPSC-derived AD neurons demonstrated a hyper-excitable calcium signalling phenotype, elevated levels of nitrite, increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis, reduced neurite length and increased susceptibility to inflammatory stress challenge from activated murine microglia, in comparison to control neurons. We identified that apigenin has potent anti-inflammatory properties with the ability to protect neurites and cell viability by promoting a global down-regulation of cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) release in inflammatory cells. In addition, we show that apigenin is able to protect iPSC-derived AD neurons via multiple means by reducing the frequency of spontaneous Ca(2+) signals and significantly reducing caspase-3/7 mediated apoptosis. These data demonstrate the broad neuroprotective action of apigenin against AD pathogenesis in a human disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Balez
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Nicole Steiner
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin Engel
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Sonia Sanz Muñoz
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Jeremy Stephen Lum
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Yizhen Wu
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dadong Wang
- CSIRO Informatics and Statistics, Locked Bag 17, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Pascal Vallotton
- CSIRO Informatics and Statistics, Locked Bag 17, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Kensington,. NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Michael O’Connor
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Kuldip Sidhu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Kensington,. NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Centre of Complementary Medicine Research (CompleMed), Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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227
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Modulation of gamma-irradiation and carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in the brain of female rats by flaxseed oil. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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228
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Diniz CR, Casarotto PC, Joca SR. NMDA-NO signaling in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus time-dependently modulates the behavioral responses to forced swimming stress. Behav Brain Res 2016; 307:126-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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229
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Jiang L, Hu J, He S, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Spinal Neuronal NOS Signaling Contributes to Morphine Cardioprotection in Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 358:450-6. [PMID: 27358482 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.234021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphine has been widely used as rescue treatment for heart attack and failure in humans for many decades. Relatively little has been known about the role of spinal opioid receptors in morphine cardioprotection. Recent studies have shown that intrathecal injection of morphine can reduce the heart injury caused by ischemia (I)/reperfusion (R) in rats. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying intrathecal morphine cardioprotection has not been determined. Here, we report that intrathecal morphine postconditioning (IMPOC) rescued mean artery pressure (MAP) and reduced myocardial injury in I/R. Pretreatment with either naloxone (NAL), a selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist, or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors via intrathecal delivery completely abolished IMPOC cardioprotection, suggesting that the spinal mu-opioid receptor and its downstream NOS signaling pathway are involved in the mechanism of the morphine-induced effect. Consistent with this, IMPOC significantly enhanced spinal neural NOS phosphorylation, nitric oxide, and cGMP content in a similar time course. Intrathecal application of 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a specific inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, completely ablated IMPOC-induced enhancement of cardioprotection and spinal cGMP content. IMPOC rescue of MAP and ischemic injury is correlated with IMPOC enhancement of NOS signaling. Collectively, these findings strengthen the concept of spinal mu-opioid receptors as a therapeutic target that mediates morphine-induced cardioprotection. We also provide evidence suggesting that the activation of spinal NOS signaling is essential for morphine cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China (L.J., J.H., S.H., and Y. Z.); Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (L.J. and L.Z.)
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China (L.J., J.H., S.H., and Y. Z.); Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (L.J. and L.Z.)
| | - Shufang He
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China (L.J., J.H., S.H., and Y. Z.); Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (L.J. and L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China (L.J., J.H., S.H., and Y. Z.); Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (L.J. and L.Z.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China (L.J., J.H., S.H., and Y. Z.); Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (L.J. and L.Z.)
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230
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Curcio M, Salazar IL, Mele M, Canzoniero LMT, Duarte CB. Calpains and neuronal damage in the ischemic brain: The swiss knife in synaptic injury. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 143:1-35. [PMID: 27283248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The excessive extracellular accumulation of glutamate in the ischemic brain leads to an overactivation of glutamate receptors with consequent excitotoxic neuronal death. Neuronal demise is largely due to a sustained activation of NMDA receptors for glutamate, with a consequent increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and activation of calcium- dependent mechanisms. Calpains are a group of Ca(2+)-dependent proteases that truncate specific proteins, and some of the cleavage products remain in the cell, although with a distinct function. Numerous studies have shown pre- and post-synaptic effects of calpains on glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses, targeting membrane- associated proteins as well as intracellular proteins. The resulting changes in the presynaptic proteome alter neurotransmitter release, while the cleavage of postsynaptic proteins affects directly or indirectly the activity of neurotransmitter receptors and downstream mechanisms. These alterations also disturb the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain, with an impact in neuronal demise. In this review we discuss the evidence pointing to a role for calpains in the dysregulation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in brain ischemia, at the pre- and post-synaptic levels, as well as the functional consequences. Although targeting calpain-dependent mechanisms may constitute a good therapeutic approach for stroke, specific strategies should be developed to avoid non-specific effects given the important regulatory role played by these proteases under normal physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Curcio
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivan L Salazar
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miranda Mele
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos B Duarte
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
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231
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Rabinovich D, Yaniv SP, Alyagor I, Schuldiner O. Nitric Oxide as a Switching Mechanism between Axon Degeneration and Regrowth during Developmental Remodeling. Cell 2016; 164:170-182. [PMID: 26771490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
During development, neurons switch among growth states, such as initial axon outgrowth, axon pruning, and regrowth. By studying the stereotypic remodeling of the Drosophila mushroom body (MB), we found that the heme-binding nuclear receptor E75 is dispensable for initial axon outgrowth of MB γ neurons but is required for their developmental regrowth. Genetic experiments and pharmacological manipulations on ex-vivo-cultured brains indicate that neuronally generated nitric oxide (NO) promotes pruning but inhibits regrowth. We found that high NO levels inhibit the physical interaction between the E75 and UNF nuclear receptors, likely accounting for its repression of regrowth. Additionally, NO synthase (NOS) activity is downregulated at the onset of regrowth, at least partially, by short inhibitory NOS isoforms encoded within the NOS locus, indicating how NO production could be developmentally regulated. Taken together, these results suggest that NO signaling provides a switching mechanism between the degenerative and regenerative states of neuronal remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Rabinovich
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Shiri P Yaniv
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Idan Alyagor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Oren Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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232
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Yuksel Y, Guven M, Kaymaz B, Sehitoglu MH, Aras AB, Akman T, Tosun M, Cosar M. Effects of Aloe Vera on Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of Rats. J INVEST SURG 2016; 29:389-398. [PMID: 27142763 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1178358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible protective/therapeutic effects of aloe vera (AV) on ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) of spinal cord in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 28 Wistar Albino rats were divided into four random groups of equal number (n = 7). Group I (control) had no medication or surgery; Group II underwent spinal cord ischemia and was given no medication; Group III was administered AV by gastric gavage for 30 days as pre-treatment; Group IV was administered single dose intraperitoneal methylprednisolone (MP) after the ischemia. Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were evaluated. Tissue samples were examined histopathologically and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expressions were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS NRF1 and SOD levels of ischemia group were found to be lower compared to the other groups. MDA levels significantly increased after I/R. Treatment with AV and MP resulted in reduced MDA levels and also alleviated hemorrhage, edema, inflammatory cell migration and neurons were partially protected from ischemic injury. When AV treatment was compared with MP, there was no statistical difference between them in terms of reduction of neuronal damage. I/R injury increased NF-κB and nNOS expressions. AV and MP treatments decreased NF-κB and nNOS expressions. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that aloe vera attenuated neuronal damage histopathologically and biochemically as pretreatment. Further studies may provide more evidence to determine the additional role of aloe vera in spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Yuksel
- a In Vitro Fertilization Unit, ZekaiTahirBurak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Guven
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Burak Kaymaz
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Muserref Hilal Sehitoglu
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Adem Bozkurt Aras
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Tarik Akman
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Murat Tosun
- e Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology , AfyonKocatepe University , Afyon , Turkey
| | - Murat Cosar
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University , Canakkale , Turkey
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233
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Chemopreventive effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid via modulation of inflammatory markers and induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 416:169-77. [PMID: 27116616 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common lethal diseases worldwide and there is no effective treatment till date. Natural products derived from the plants play an important role in chemoprevention and act as therapeutic antitumor agents. Licorice is a plant that has been used in food and medicine for the treatment of various diseases. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained from the roots of licorice plant, is reported to possess various pharmacological properties such as antitumor and antiinflammatory activities. The present study was designed to elucidate the chemopreventive effect of 18β-GA through antiinflammation, antiproliferation, and induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line HepG2. 18β-GA significantly inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cell without affecting the normal liver cell line (Chang's). In the present study, 18β-GA increased the formation of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide production, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting the involvement of 18β-GA in apoptosis which was also confirmed by assessing the markers involved in apoptosis like caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, and cleaved PARP. 18β-GA also downregulated the expression of inflammatory proteins such as NF-κB, iNOS, and COX-2. Keeping these data into consideration, our results suggest that 18β-GA may be used as a chemopreventive agent in liver cancer.
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234
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Veleanu M, Axen TE, Kristensen MP, Kohlmeier KA. Comparison of bNOS and chat immunohistochemistry in the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) and the pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) of the mouse from brain slices prepared for electrophysiology. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 263:23-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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235
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Moyen NE, Ganio MS, Burchfield JM, Tucker MA, Gonzalez MA, Dougherty EK, Robinson FB, Ridings CB, Veilleux JC. Effect of passive heat stress on arterial stiffness in smokers versus non-smokers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2016; 60:499-506. [PMID: 26266482 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-1046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In non-smokers, passive heat stress increases shear stress and vasodilation, decreasing arterial stiffness. Smokers, who reportedly have arterial dysfunction, may have similar improvements in arterial stiffness with passive heat stress. Therefore, we examined the effects of an acute bout of whole-body passive heat stress on arterial stiffness in smokers vs. non-smokers. Thirteen smokers (8.8 ± 5.5 [median = 6] cigarettes per day for > 4 years) and 13 non-smokers matched for age, mass, height, and exercise habits (27 ± 8 years; 78.8 ± 15.4 kg; 177.6 ± 6.7 cm) were passively heated to 1.5 °C core temperature (T C) increase. At baseline and each 0.5 °C T C increase, peripheral (pPWV) and central pulse wave velocity (cPWV) were measured via Doppler ultrasound. No differences existed between smokers and non-smokers for any variables (all p > .05), except cPWV slightly increased from baseline (526.7 ± 81.7 cm · s(-1)) to 1.5 °C ΔT C (579.7 ± 69.8 cm · s(-1); p < 0.005), suggesting heat stress acutely increased central arterial stiffness. pPWV did not change with heating (grand mean: baseline = 691.9 ± 92.9 cm · s(-1); 1.5 °C ΔT C = 691.9 ± 79.5 cm · s(-1); p > 0.05). Changes in cPWV and pPWV during heating correlated (p < 0.05) with baseline PWV in smokers (cPWV: r = -0.59; pPWV: r = -0.62) and non-smokers (cPWV: r = -0.45; pPWV: r = -0.77). Independent of smoking status, baseline stiffness appears to mediate the magnitude of heating-induced changes in arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Moyen
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - M S Ganio
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| | - J M Burchfield
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - M A Tucker
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - M A Gonzalez
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - E K Dougherty
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - F B Robinson
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - C B Ridings
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - J C Veilleux
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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236
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Candemir E, Kollert L, Weißflog L, Geis M, Müller A, Post AM, O'Leary A, Harro J, Reif A, Freudenberg F. Interaction of NOS1AP with the NOS-I PDZ domain: Implications for schizophrenia-related alterations in dendritic morphology. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:741-55. [PMID: 26861996 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia involves morphological brain changes, including changes in synaptic plasticity and altered dendritic development. Amongst the most promising candidate molecules for schizophrenia are neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS-I, also known as nNOS) and its adapter protein NOS1AP (previously named CAPON). However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which NOS-I and NOS1AP affect disease pathology remain to be resolved. Interestingly, overexpression of NOS1AP affects dendritic morphology, possibly through increased association with the NOS-I PDZ domain. To investigate the effect of NOS1AP on dendritic morphology we overexpressed different NOS1AP isoforms, NOS1AP deletion mutants and the aminoterminal 133 amino acids of NOS-I (NOS-IN133) containing an extended PDZ domain. We examined the interaction of the overexpressed constructs with endogenous NOS-I by co-immunoprecipitation and the consequences of increased NOS-I/NOS1AP PDZ interaction in primary cultures of hippocampal and cortical neurons from C57BL/6J mice. Neurons overexpressing NOS1AP isoforms or deletion mutants showed highly altered spine morphology and excessive growth of filopodia-like protrusions. Sholl analysis of immunostained primary cultured neurons revealed that dendritic branching was mildly affected by NOS1AP overexpression. Our results hint towards an involvement of NOS-I/NOS1AP interaction in the regulation of dendritic spine plasticity. As altered dendritic spine development and filopodial outgrowth are important neuropathological features of schizophrenia, our findings may provide insight into part of the molecular mechanisms involved in brain morphology alterations observed in schizophrenia. As the NOS-I/NOS1AP interface can be targeted by small molecules, our findings ultimately might help to develop novel treatment strategies for schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin Candemir
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Graduate School of Life Sciences, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leonie Kollert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lena Weißflog
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Geis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antje Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonia M Post
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aet O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Jaanus Harro
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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Singh BK, Kumar V, Chauhan AK, Dwivedi A, Singh S, Kumar A, Singh D, Patel DK, Ray RS, Jain SK, Singh C. Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Negatively Regulates Zinc-Induced Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2685-2696. [PMID: 26995406 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the role of NO and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in Zn-induced neurodegeneration. Animals were treated with zinc sulfate (20 mg/kg), twice a week, for 2-12 weeks along with control. In a few sets, animals were also treated with/without a NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) for 12 weeks. Moreover, human neuroblastoma (SH-SY-5Y) cells were also employed to investigate the role of nNOS in Zn-induced toxicity in in vitro in the presence/absence of nNOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7-NI). Zn caused time-dependent reduction in nitrite content and total/nNOS activity/expression. SNP/SNAP discernibly alleviated Zn-induced neurobehavioral impairments, dopaminergic neurodegeneration, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression, and striatal dopamine depletion. NO donors also salvage from Zn-induced increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation. While Zn elevated LPO content, it attenuated nitrite content, nNOS activity, and glutathione level along with the expression of TH and nNOS in SH-SY-5Y cells. 7-NI further augmented Zn-induced changes in the cell viability, oxidative stress, and expression of TH and nNOS. The results obtained thus demonstrate that Zn inhibits nNOS that partially contributes to an increase in oxidative stress, which subsequently leads to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brajesh Kumar Singh
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Chauhan
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Dwivedi
- Phototoxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-IITR, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepali Singh
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Patel
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-IITR, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratan Singh Ray
- Phototoxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-IITR, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swatantra Kumar Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard Deemed University, New Delhi, 110 062, Delhi, India
| | - Chetna Singh
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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238
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Endothelial dysfunction in DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice: role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-derived hydrogen peroxide. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:895-906. [PMID: 26976926 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a common problem associated with hypertension and is considered a precursor to the development of micro- and macro-vascular complications. The present study investigated the involvement of nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase) and H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) in the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the mesenteric arteries of DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate)-salt-hypertensive mice. Myograph studies were used to investigate the endothelium-dependent vasodilator effect of ACh (acetylcholine). The expression and phosphorylation of nNOS and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) were studied by Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the localization of nNOS and eNOS in the endothelial layer of the mesenteric artery. The vasodilator effect of ACh is strongly impaired in mesenteric arteries of DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice. Non-selective inhibition of NOS sharply reduced the effect of ACh in both DOCA-salt-hypertensive and sham mice. Selective inhibition of nNOS and catalase led to a higher reduction in the effect of ACh in sham than in DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice. Production of H2O2 induced by ACh was significantly reduced in vessels from DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice, and it was blunted after nNOS inhibition. The expression of both eNOS and nNOS was considerably lower in DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice, whereas phosphorylation of their inhibitory sites was increased. The presence of nNOS was confirmed in the endothelial layer of mesenteric arteries from both sham and DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice. These results demonstrate that endothelial dysfunction in the mesenteric arteries of DOCA-salt-hypertensive mice is associated with reduced expression and functioning of nNOS and impaired production of nNOS-derived H2O2 Such findings offer a new perspective for the understanding of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension.
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239
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Jeandroz S, Wipf D, Stuehr DJ, Lamattina L, Melkonian M, Tian Z, Zhu Y, Carpenter EJ, Wong GKS, Wendehenne D. Occurrence, structure, and evolution of nitric oxide synthase–like proteins in the plant kingdom. Sci Signal 2016; 9:re2. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad4403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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240
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Bonow RH, Silber JR, Enzmann DR, Beauchamp NJ, Ellenbogen RG, Mourad PD. Towards use of MRI-guided ultrasound for treating cerebral vasospasm. J Ther Ultrasound 2016; 4:6. [PMID: 26929821 PMCID: PMC4770693 DOI: 10.1186/s40349-016-0050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral vasospasm is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), causing delayed neurological deficits in as many as one third of cases. Existing therapy targets induction of cerebral vasodilation through use of various drugs and mechanical means, with a range of observed efficacy. Here, we perform a literature review supporting our hypothesis that transcranially delivered ultrasound may have the ability to induce therapeutic cerebral vasodilation and, thus, may one day be used therapeutically in the context of SAH. Prior studies demonstrate that ultrasound can induce vasodilation in both normal and vasoconstricted blood vessels in peripheral tissues, leading to reduced ischemia and cell damage. Among the proposed mechanisms is alteration of several nitric oxide (NO) pathways, where NO is a known vasodilator. While in vivo studies do not point to a specific physical mechanism, results of in vitro studies favor cavitation induction by ultrasound, where the associated shear stresses likely induce NO production. Two papers discussed the effects of ultrasound on the cerebral vasculature. One study applied clinical transcranial Doppler ultrasound to a rodent complete middle cerebral artery occlusion model and found reduced infarct size. A second involved the application of pulsed ultrasound in vitro to murine brain endothelial cells and showed production of a variety of vasodilatory chemicals, including by-products of arachidonic acid metabolism. In sum, nine reviewed studies demonstrated evidence of either cerebrovascular dilation or elaboration of vasodilatory compounds. Of particular interest, all of the reviewed studies used ultrasound capable of transcranial application: pulsed ultrasound, with carrier frequencies ranging between 0.5 and 2.0 MHz, and intensities not substantially above FDA-approved intensity values. We close by discussing potential specific treatment paradigms of SAH and other cerebral ischemic disorders based on MRI-guided transcranial ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Bonow
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Box 359924, Seattle, WA 98104 USA
| | - John R Silber
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Box 359924, Seattle, WA 98104 USA
| | - Dieter R Enzmann
- Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, 924 Westwood Blvd. Suite 805, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Norman J Beauchamp
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, RR-218 Health Science Building, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Richard G Ellenbogen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Box 359924, Seattle, WA 98104 USA
| | - Pierre D Mourad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Box 359924, Seattle, WA 98104 USA ; Department of Radiology, University of Washington, RR-218 Health Science Building, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA ; Division of Engineering, University of Washington, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011 USA
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241
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Source memory in rats is impaired by an NMDA receptor antagonist but not by PSD95-nNOS protein-protein interaction inhibitors. Behav Brain Res 2016; 305:23-9. [PMID: 26909849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Limitations of preclinical models of human memory contribute to the pervasive view that rodent models do not adequately predict therapeutic efficacy in producing cognitive impairments or improvements in humans. We used a source-memory model (i.e., a representation of the origin of information) we developed for use in rats to evaluate possible drug-induced impairments of both spatial memory and higher order memory functions in the same task. Memory impairment represents a major barrier to use of NMDAR antagonists as pharmacotherapies. The scaffolding protein postsynaptic density 95kDa (PSD95) links NMDARs to the neuronal enzyme nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which catalyzes production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO). Therefore, interrupting PSD95-nNOS protein-protein interactions downstream of NMDARs represents a novel therapeutic strategy to interrupt NMDAR-dependent NO signaling while bypassing unwanted side effects of NMDAR antagonists. We hypothesized that the NMDAR antagonist MK-801 would impair source memory. We also hypothesized that PSD95-nNOS inhibitors (IC87201 and ZL006) would lack the profile of cognitive impairment associated with global NMDAR antagonists. IC87201 and ZL006 suppressed NMDA-stimulated formation of cGMP, a marker of NO production, in cultured hippocampal neurons. MK-801, at doses that did not impair motor function, impaired source memory under conditions in which spatial memory was spared. Thus, source memory was more vulnerable than spatial memory to impairment. By contrast, PSD95-nNOS inhibitors, IC87201 and ZL006, administered at doses that are behaviorally effective in rats, spared source memory, spatial memory, and motor function. Thus, PSD95-nNOS inhibitors are likely to exhibit favorable therapeutic ratios compared to NMDAR antagonists.
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242
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Hyndman KA, Arguello AM, Morsing SKH, Pollock JS. Dynamin-2 is a novel NOS1β interacting protein and negative regulator in the collecting duct. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 310:R570-7. [PMID: 26791826 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00008.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1)-derived nitric oxide (NO) production in collecting ducts is critical for maintaining fluid-electrolyte balance. Rat collecting ducts express both the full-length NOS1α and its truncated variant NOS1β, while NOS1β predominates in mouse collecting ducts. We reported that dynamin-2 (DNM2), a protein involved in excising vesicles from the plasma membrane, and NOS1α form a protein-protein interaction that promotes NO production in rat collecting ducts. NOS1β was found to be highly expressed in human renal cortical/medullary samples; hence, we tested the hypothesis that DNM2 is a positive regulator of NOS1β-derived NO production. COS7 and mouse inner medullary collecting duct-3 (mIMCD3) cells were transfected with NOS1β and/or DNM2. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments show that NOS1β and DNM2 formed a protein-protein interaction. DNM2 overexpression decreased nitrite production (index of NO) in both COS7 and mIMCD-3 cells by 50-75%. mIMCD-3 cells treated with a panel of dynamin inhibitors or DNM2 siRNA displayed increased nitrite production. To elucidate the physiological significance of IMCD DNM2/NOS1β regulation in vivo, flox control and CDNOS1 knockout mice were placed on a high-salt diet, and freshly isolated IMCDs were treated acutely with a dynamin inhibitor. Dynamin inhibition increased nitrite production by IMCDs from flox mice. This response was blunted (but not abolished) in collecting duct-specific NOS1 knockout mice, suggesting that DNM2 also negatively regulates NOS3 in the mouse IMCD. We conclude that DNM2 is a novel negative regulator of NO production in mouse collecting ducts. We propose that DNM2 acts as a "break" to prevent excess or potentially toxic NO levels under high-salt conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Alexandra M Arguello
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sofia K H Morsing
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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243
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Lai L, Ghebremariam YT. Modulating DDAH/NOS Pathway to Discover Vasoprotective Insulin Sensitizers. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2016:1982096. [PMID: 26770984 PMCID: PMC4684877 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1982096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) is a configuration of cardiovascular risk factors involved in the development of metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to diet, age, socioeconomic, and environmental factors, genetic factors that impair insulin signaling are centrally involved in the development and exacerbation of IRS. Genetic and pharmacological studies have demonstrated that the nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) genes are critically involved in the regulation of insulin-mediated glucose disposal. The generation of NO by the NOS enzymes is known to contribute to vascular homeostasis including insulin-mediated skeletal muscle vasodilation and insulin sensitivity. By contrast, excessive inhibition of NOS enzymes by exogenous or endogenous factors is associated with insulin resistance (IR). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous molecule that competitively inhibits all the NOS enzymes and contributes to metabolic perturbations including IR. The concentration of ADMA in plasma and tissue is enzymatically regulated by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), a widely expressed enzyme in the cardiovascular system. In preclinical studies, overexpression of DDAH has been shown to reduce ADMA levels, improve vascular compliance, and increase insulin sensitivity. This review discusses the feasibility of the NOS/DDAH pathway as a novel target to develop vasoprotective insulin sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yohannes T. Ghebremariam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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244
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Liu H, Li J, Zhao F, Wang H, Qu Y, Mu D. Nitric oxide synthase in hypoxic or ischemic brain injury. Rev Neurosci 2015; 26:105-17. [PMID: 25720056 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Hypoxic or ischemic stress causes many serious brain injuries, including stroke and neonatal hypoxia ischemia encephalopathy. During brain hypoxia ischemia processes, nitric oxide (NO) may play either a neurotoxic or a neuroprotective role, depending upon factors such as the NO synthase (NOS) isoform, the cell type by which NO is produced, and the temporal stage after the onset of the hypoxic ischemic brain injury. Excessive NO production can be neurotoxic, leading to cascade reactions of excitotoxicity, inflammation, apoptosis, and deteriorating primary brain injury. In contrast, NO produced by endothelial NOS plays a neuroprotective role by maintaining cerebral blood flow and preventing neuronal injury, as well as inhibiting platelet and leukocyte adhesion. Sometimes, NO-derived inducible NOS and neuronal NOS in special areas may also play neuroprotective roles. Therefore, this review summarizes the different roles and the regulation of the three NOS isoforms in hypoxic or ischemic brain injury as revealed in research in recent years, focusing on the neurotoxic role of the three NOS isoforms involved in mechanisms of hypoxic or ischemic brain injury.
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245
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Chayah M, Carrión MD, Gallo MA, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Camacho ME. NMR assignments and structural characterization of new thiourea and urea kynurenamine derivatives nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:1071-1079. [PMID: 26358934 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Chayah
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Dora Carrión
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Gallo
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M Encarnación Camacho
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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246
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Ismail AF, Moawed FS, Mohamed MA. Protective mechanism of grape seed oil on carbon tetrachloride-induced brain damage in γ-irradiated rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 153:317-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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247
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nNOS Translocates into the Nucleus and Interacts with Sox2 to Protect Neurons Against Early Excitotoxicity via Promotion of Shh Transcription. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6444-6458. [PMID: 26607632 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is a major public health problem leading to high mortality rates and disability in adults. The NMDA receptor (NMDAR)/neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)/NO-dependent excitotoxicity has been recognized to play an important role in cerebral ischemic stroke pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the biological function of nNOS is associated with its ability to couple proteins and its subcellular localization. Previously, we and others determined that nNOS could translocate into the nucleus in cultured astrocytes, but the underlying mechanisms and biological significance remained unclear. In the present study, we identified a specific interaction between nNOS and Sox2 (SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2), a member of the Sox family of transcription factors, both in vivo and in vitro. Our studies showed that nNOS is transported into the nucleus and interacted with Sox2 to form a nNOS-Sox2 complex in neurons at the early stage following glutamate stimulation. Mechanistically, via activating the transcription of Shh (Sonic hedgehog), the downstream target of Sox2, this nNOS-Sox2 complex exerted a neuroprotective function against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Utilizing the MCAO focal ischemia model on rats, we further verified that the 'nNOS-Sox2-Shh' axis was involved in the ischemic neuronal injury. Taken together, our studies revealed that the 'nNOS-Sox2-Shh' axis functions as a novel feedback compensatory mechanism to protect neurons against the early excitotoxicity and ischemic injury.
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248
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Stringham JM, Stringham NT. Nitric Oxide and Lutein: Function, Performance, and Protection of Neural Tissue. Foods 2015; 4:678-689. [PMID: 28231230 PMCID: PMC5224557 DOI: 10.3390/foods4040678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The soluble gas neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO) serves many important metabolic and neuroregulatory functions in the retina and brain. Although it is necessary for normal neural function, NO can play a significant role in neurotoxicity. This is often seen in disease states that involve oxidative stress and inflammation of neural tissues, such as age-related macular degeneration and Alzheimer’s disease. The dietary xanthophyll carotenoid lutein (L) is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that, if consumed in sufficient amounts, is deposited in neural tissues that require substantial metabolic demand. Some of these specific tissues, such as the central retina and frontal lobes of the brain, are impacted by age-related diseases such as those noted above. The conspicuous correspondence between metabolic demand, NO, and L is suggestive of a homeostatic relationship that serves to facilitate normal function, enhance performance, and protect vulnerable neural tissues. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on these points.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Stringham
- Nutritional Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Nicole T Stringham
- Nutritional Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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249
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Garbincius JF, Michele DE. Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex regulates muscle nitric oxide production through mechanoregulation of AMPK signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015. [PMID: 26483453 DOI: 10.1073./pnas.1512991112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients deficient in dystrophin, a protein that links the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix via the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), exhibit muscular dystrophy, cardiomyopathy, and impaired muscle nitric oxide (NO) production. We used live-cell NO imaging and in vitro cyclic stretch of isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes as a model system to investigate if and how the DGC directly regulates the mechanical activation of muscle NO signaling. Acute activation of NO synthesis by mechanical stretch was impaired in dystrophin-deficient mdx cardiomyocytes, accompanied by loss of stretch-induced neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) S1412 phosphorylation. Intriguingly, stretch induced the acute activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in normal cardiomyocytes but not in mdx cardiomyocytes, and specific inhibition of AMPK was sufficient to attenuate mechanoactivation of NO production. Therefore, we tested whether direct pharmacologic activation of AMPK could bypass defective mechanical signaling to restore nNOS activity in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes. Indeed, activation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside or salicylate increased nNOS S1412 phosphorylation and was sufficient to enhance NO production in mdx cardiomyocytes. We conclude that the DGC promotes the mechanical activation of cardiac nNOS by acting as a mechanosensor to regulate AMPK activity, and that pharmacologic AMPK activation may be a suitable therapeutic strategy for restoring nNOS activity in dystrophin-deficient hearts and muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Daniel E Michele
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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250
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Chen J, Calhoun VD, Arias‐Vasquez A, Zwiers MP, van Hulzen K, Fernández G, Fisher SE, Franke B, Turner JA, Liu J. G-protein genomic association with normal variation in gray matter density. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:4272-86. [PMID: 26248772 PMCID: PMC5667539 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While detecting genetic variations underlying brain structures helps reveal mechanisms of neural disorders, high data dimensionality poses a major challenge for imaging genomic association studies. In this work, we present the application of a recently proposed approach, parallel independent component analysis with reference (pICA-R), to investigate genomic factors potentially regulating gray matter variation in a healthy population. This approach simultaneously assesses many variables for an aggregate effect and helps to elicit particular features in the data. We applied pICA-R to analyze gray matter density (GMD) images (274,131 voxels) in conjunction with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data (666,019 markers) collected from 1,256 healthy individuals of the Brain Imaging Genetics (BIG) study. Guided by a genetic reference derived from the gene GNA14, pICA-R identified a significant SNP-GMD association (r=-0.16, P=2.34×10(-8)), implying that subjects with specific genotypes have lower localized GMD. The identified components were then projected to an independent dataset from the Mind Clinical Imaging Consortium (MCIC) including 89 healthy individuals, and the obtained loadings again yielded a significant SNP-GMD association (r=-0.25, P=0.02). The imaging component reflected GMD variations in frontal, precuneus, and cingulate regions. The SNP component was enriched in genes with neuronal functions, including synaptic plasticity, axon guidance, molecular signal transduction via PKA and CREB, highlighting the GRM1, PRKCH, GNA12, and CAMK2B genes. Collectively, our findings suggest that GNA12 and GNA14 play a key role in the genetic architecture underlying normal GMD variation in frontal and parietal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Alejandro Arias‐Vasquez
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Marcel P. Zwiers
- Centre for Cognitive NeuroimagingRadboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Kimm van Hulzen
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
- Psychology DepartmentGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgia
- Neuroscience InstituteGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Jingyu Liu
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
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