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Snack Consumption Patterns among Canadians. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051152. [PMID: 31126080 PMCID: PMC6567092 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The snacking prevalence, frequency of daily snack consumption, and the contribution of snacks to daily energy intake have substantially increased globally. The aim of this study was to examine the patterns of snack consumption among a representative sample of Canadians aged 2 and older. Nationally representative dietary data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) conducted in 2015 (n = 19,677 participants aged ≥2 years) were used to describe snacking patterns. In all, 80.4% of Canadians reported consuming at least one snack per day, which varied between different age groups from 77.0% (≥55 years) to 96.4% (2–5 years). About 37% of snack consumers reported only one snack episode per day but nearly 10% reported four or more episodes of snacking. Snacking contributed to nearly 23% of total daily energy intake in Canadians, which was highest among younger children (27%) and lowest among older adults (20.8%). There were no significant differences in obesity measures comparing snack consumers and non-consumers in children and adults. Snacking considerably contributes to total nutrient and energy intake of Canadians. Promoting nutrient-dense snacks provides an opportunity to improve overall diet quality.
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202
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Mitsopoulou AV, Magriplis E, Dimakopoulos I, Karageorgou D, Bakogianni I, Micha R, Michas G, Chourdakis M, Ntouroupi T, Tsaniklidou SM, Argyri K, Panagiotakos DB, Zampelas A. Association of meal and snack patterns with micronutrient intakes among Greek children and adolescents: data from the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:455-467. [PMID: 31020750 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to examine how different meal and snack patterns are associated with micronutrient intakes and diet quality among a nationally representative sample of Greek children and adolescents aged 1-19 years from the cross-sectional Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (n = 598). METHODS Meal and snack patterns were derived using 24-h dietary recalls. Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was used as an overall measure of diet quality. Multiple linear regression adjusted for covariates was conducted to examine associations between eating patterns, nutrient intakes and MAR. RESULTS Four most frequently reported eating schemes were identified including breakfast (B), lunch (L), dinner (D) and two snacks (S) (20.9%); B, L, D and 1S (16.2%); B, L, D and 3S (10.8%); and B, L and D (7.9%). Based on these schemes, the daily consumption of all main meals from the majority of the sample was highlighted. In children and adolescents aged 4-19 years, increasing snack frequency was positively associated with intakes of vitamin D, vitamin K, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, folate, magnesium, copper and selenium. An inverse association was recorded for vitamin E, vitamin B6 , calcium and iron. Among children aged 1-3 years, only niacin and copper were significantly associated with number of snacks, with the group of 'B-L-D-2S' presenting the highest intake. As for the overall diet quality, among all participants, there was no significant association of MAR with the type of meal and snack pattern, and thus the snack frequency. CONCLUSIONS Snacking behaviour is a common practice among children and adolescents. Modifying current snack foods with nutrient-rich choices could lead to an improvement of their diet's nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-V Mitsopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Dimakopoulos
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D Karageorgou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Bakogianni
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - R Micha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Michas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Cardiology, 'Elpis' General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Chourdakis
- Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T Ntouroupi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S-M Tsaniklidou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Argyri
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Zampelas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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203
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Hooson Jzh J, Hutchinson Jyh J, Warthon-Medina M, Hancock N, Greathead K, Knowles B, Vargas-Garcia E, Gibson LE, Bush LA, Margetts B, Robinson S, Ness A, Alwan NA, Wark PA, Roe M, Finglas P, Steer T, Page P, Johnson L, Roberts K, Amoutzopoulos B, Burley VJ, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. A systematic review of reviews identifying UK validated dietary assessment tools for inclusion on an interactive guided website for researchers: www.nutritools.org. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1265-1289. [PMID: 30882230 PMCID: PMC7114915 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1566207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Health researchers may struggle to choose suitable validated dietary assessment tools (DATs) for their target population. The aim of this review was to identify and collate information on validated UK DATs and validation studies for inclusion on a website to support researchers to choose appropriate DATs.Design: A systematic review of reviews of DATs was undertaken. DATs validated in UK populations were extracted from the studies identified. A searchable website was designed to display these data. Additionally, mean differences and limits of agreement between test and comparison methods were summarized by a method, weighting by sample size.Results: Over 900 validation results covering 5 life stages, 18 nutrients, 6 dietary assessment methods, and 9 validation method types were extracted from 63 validated DATs which were identified from 68 reviews. These were incorporated into www.nutritools.org. Limits of agreement were determined for about half of validations. Thirty four DATs were FFQs. Only 17 DATs were validated against biomarkers, and only 19 DATs were validated in infant/children/adolescents.Conclusions: The interactive www.nutritools.org website holds extensive validation data identified from this review and can be used to guide researchers to critically compare and choose a suitable DAT for their research question, leading to improvement of nutritional epidemiology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Hooson Jzh
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jayne Hutchinson Jyh
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marisol Warthon-Medina
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Food Databanks National Capability, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - Neil Hancock
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Katharine Greathead
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bethany Knowles
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Elisa Vargas-Garcia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lauren E Gibson
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Linda A Bush
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Barrie Margetts
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sian Robinson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Andy Ness
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nisreen A Alwan
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Petra A Wark
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.,Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Roe
- Food Databanks National Capability, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK.,EuroFIR AISBL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Finglas
- Food Databanks National Capability, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - Toni Steer
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Polly Page
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katharine Roberts
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Public Health England, London, UK
| | | | - Victoria J Burley
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Division of Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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204
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Dao MC, Subar AF, Warthon-Medina M, Cade JE, Burrows T, Golley RK, Forouhi NG, Pearce M, Holmes BA. Dietary assessment toolkits: an overview. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:404-418. [PMID: 30428939 PMCID: PMC6368251 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018002951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A wide variety of methods are available to assess dietary intake, each one with different strengths and weaknesses. Researchers face multiple challenges when diet and nutrition need to be accurately assessed, particularly in the selection of the most appropriate dietary assessment method for their study. The goal of the current collaborative work is to present a collection of available resources for dietary assessment implementation.Design/Setting/ParticipantsAs a follow-up to the 9th International Conference on Diet and Physical Activity Methods held in 2015, developers of dietary assessment toolkits agreed to collaborate in the preparation of the present paper, which provides an overview of each toolkit. The toolkits presented include: the Diet, Anthropometry and Physical Activity Measurement Toolkit (DAPA; UK); the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Dietary Assessment Primer (USA); the Nutritools website (UK); the Australasian Child and Adolescent Obesity Research Network (ACAORN) method selector (Australia); and the Danone Dietary Assessment Toolkit (DanoneDAT; France). An at-a-glance summary of features and comparison of the toolkits is provided. RESULTS The present review contains general background on dietary assessment, along with a summary of each of the included toolkits, a feature comparison table and direct links to each toolkit, all of which are freely available online. CONCLUSIONS This overview of dietary assessment toolkits provides comprehensive information to aid users in the selection and implementation of the most appropriate dietary assessment method, or combination of methods, with the goal of collecting the highest-quality dietary data possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy F Subar
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marisol Warthon-Medina
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tracy Burrows
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Golley
- Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Pearce
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bridget A Holmes
- Danone Nutricia Research, R.D. 128 Avenue de la Vauve, 91767 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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205
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Associations of dietary intake with cardiometabolic risk in a multi-ethnic cohort: a longitudinal analysis of the Determinants of Adolescence, now young Adults, Social well-being and Health (DASH) study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1069-1079. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUnfavourable dietary habits, such as skipping breakfast, are common among ethnic minority children and may contribute to inequalities in cardiometabolic disease. We conducted a longitudinal follow-up of a subsample of the UK multi-ethnic Determinants of Adolescent Social well-being and Health cohort, which represents the main UK ethnic groups and is now aged 21–23 years. We aimed to describe longitudinal patterns of dietary intake and investigate their impact on cardiometabolic risk in young adulthood. Participants completed a dietary behaviour questionnaire and a 24 h dietary intake recall; anthropometry, blood pressure, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol and HbA1c were measured. The cohort consisted of 107 White British, 102 Black Caribbean, 132 Black African, 98 Indian, 111 Bangladeshi/Pakistani and 115 other/mixed ethnicity. Unhealthful dietary behaviours such as skipping breakfast and low intake of fruits and vegetables were common (56, 57 and 63 %, respectively). Rates of skipping breakfast and low fruit and vegetable consumption were highest among Black African and Black Caribbean participants. BMI and cholesterol levels at 21–23 years were higher among those who regularly skipped breakfast at 11–13 years (BMI 1·41 (95 % CI 0·57, 2·26), P=0·001; cholesterol 0·15 (95 % CI –0·01, 0·31), P=0·063) and at 21–23 years (BMI 1·05 (95 % CI 0·22, 1·89), P=0·014; cholesterol 0·22 (95 % CI 0·06, 0·37), P=0·007). Childhood breakfast skipping is more common in certain ethnic groups and is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in young adulthood. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting interventions to improve dietary behaviours such as breakfast consumption at specific population groups.
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206
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Hammersley ML, Okely AD, Batterham MJ, Jones RA. An Internet-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention Program (Time2bHealthy) for Parents of Preschool-Aged Children: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11964. [PMID: 30735139 PMCID: PMC6384541 DOI: 10.2196/11964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Electronic health (eHealth) obesity programs offer benefits to traditionally delivered programs and have shown promise in improving obesity-related behaviors in children. Objective This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a parent-focused, internet-based healthy lifestyle program for preschool-aged children, who are overweight or at or above the fiftieth percentile for body mass index (BMI) for their age and sex, on child BMI, obesity-related behaviors, parent modeling, and parent self-efficacy. Methods The Time2bHealthy randomized controlled trial was conducted in Australia, during 2016 to 2017. Participants were recruited both online and through more traditional means within the community. Parent or carer, and child (aged 2-5 years) dyads were randomized into an intervention or comparison group. Intervention participants received an 11-week internet-based healthy lifestyle program, underpinned by social cognitive theory, followed by fortnightly emails for 3 months thereafter. Intervention participants set goals and received individual feedback from a dietitian. They were also encouraged to access and contribute to a closed Facebook group to communicate with other participants and the dietitian. Comparison participants received email communication only. Objectively measured child BMI was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included objectively measured physical activity, parent-measured and objectively measured sleep habits, and parent-reported dietary intake, screen time, child feeding, parent modeling, and parent self-efficacy. All data were collected at face-to-face appointments at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months by blinded data collectors. Randomization was conducted using a computerized random number generator post baseline data collection. Results A total of 86 dyads were recruited, with 42 randomized to the intervention group and 44 to the comparison group. Moreover, 78 dyads attended the 3- and 6-month follow-ups, with 7 lost to follow-up and 1 withdrawing. Mean child age was 3.46 years and 91% (78/86) were in the healthy weight range. Overall, 69% (29/42) of participants completed at least 5 of the 6 modules. Intention-to-treat analyses found no significant outcomes for change in BMI between groups. Compared with children in the comparison group, those in the intervention group showed a reduced frequency of discretionary food intake (estimate −1.36, 95% CI −2.27 to −0.45; P=.004), and parents showed improvement in child feeding pressure to eat practices (−0.30, 95% CI 0.06 to −0.00; P=.048) and nutrition self-efficacy (0.43, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.76; P=.01). No significant time by group interaction was found for other outcomes. Conclusions The trial demonstrated that a parent-focused eHealth childhood obesity prevention program can provide support to improve dietary-related practices and self-efficacy but was not successful in reducing BMI. The target sample size was not achieved, which would have affected statistical power. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ANZCTR12616000119493; https://www.anzctr.org.au/ Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=370030 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/74Se4S7ZZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Hammersley
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Marijka J Batterham
- Statistical Consulting Service, National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia, School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rachel A Jones
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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207
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Relationship between sensory liking for fat, sweet or salt and cardiometabolic diseases: mediating effects of diet and weight status. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:249-261. [PMID: 30719567 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous works have been suggested that individual sensory liking is a predictor of dietary intake and weight status, and may consequently influence development of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). We investigated the association between sensory liking for fat-and-salt, fat-and-sweet, sweet or salt and the onset of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) over 6 years in adults, and the mediating effects of dietary intake and body mass index (BMI). METHODS We examined the CMDs risk among 41,332 (for CVD and diabetes) and 37,936 (for hypertension) French adults (NutriNet-Santé cohort). Liking scores, individual characteristics, diet and anthropometry were assessed at baseline using questionnaires. Health events were collected during 6 years. Associations between sensory liking and CMDs risk, and the mediating effect of diet and BMI, were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Sensory liking for fat-and-salt was associated with an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension and CVD [hazard ratios (HR) for 1-point increment of the sensory score: HR 1.30 (95% CI 1.18, 1.43), HR 1.08 (1.04, 1.13) and HR 1.10 (1.02, 1.19), respectively]. BMI and dietary intake both explained 93%, 98% and 70%, of the overall variation of liking for fat-and-salt liking in diabetes, hypertension and CVD, respectively. Liking for fat-and-sweet and liking for salt were also associated with an increased risk of diabetes [HR 1.09 (1.01, 1.17) and HR 1.09 (1.01, 1.18), respectively], whereas liking for sweet was associated with a decreased risk [HR 0.76 (0.69, 0.84)]. CONCLUSIONS Higher liking for fat-and-salt is significantly associated with CMDs risk, largely explained by dietary intake and BMI. Our findings may help to guide effective targeted measures in prevention.
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208
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Straßburg A, Eisinger-Watzl M, Krems C, Roth A, Hoffmann I. Comparison of food consumption and nutrient intake assessed with three dietary assessment methods: results of the German National Nutrition Survey II. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:193-210. [PMID: 29189903 PMCID: PMC6424917 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comparison of food consumption, nutrient intake and underreporting of diet history interviews, 24-h recalls and weighed food records to gain further insight into specific strength and limitations of each method and to support the choice of the adequate dietary assessment method. METHODS For 677 participants (14-80 years) of the German National Nutrition Survey II confidence intervals for food consumption and nutrient intake were calculated on basis of bootstrapping samples, Cohen's d for the relevance of differences, and intraclass correlation coefficients for the degree of agreement of dietary assessment methods. Low energy reporters were identified with Goldberg cut-offs. RESULTS In 7 of 18 food groups diet history interviews showed higher consumption means than 24-h recalls and weighed food records. Especially mean values of food groups perceived as socially desirable, such as fruit and vegetables, were highest for diet history interviews. For "raw" and "cooked vegetables", the diet history interviews showed a mean consumption of 144 and 109 g/day in comparison with 68 and 70 g/day in 24-h recalls and 76 and 75 g/day in weighed food records, respectively. For "fruit", diet history interviews showed a mean consumption of 256 g/day in comparison with 164 g/day in 24-h recalls and 147 g/day in weighed food records. No major differences regarding underreporting of energy intake were found between dietary assessment methods. CONCLUSIONS With regard to estimating food consumption and nutrient intake, 24-h recalls and weighed food records showed smaller differences and better agreement than pairwise comparisons with diet history interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Straßburg
- Department of Nutritional Behaviour, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Marianne Eisinger-Watzl
- Department of Nutritional Behaviour, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carolin Krems
- Department of Nutritional Behaviour, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Roth
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Centre of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the University of Zurich, Neumünsterallee 9, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Department of Nutritional Behaviour, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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209
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De Guingand DL, Ellery SJ, Davies-Tuck ML, Dickinson H. Creatine and pregnancy outcomes, a prospective cohort study in low-risk pregnant women: study protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026756. [PMID: 30647050 PMCID: PMC6340624 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The creatine kinase circuit is central to the regulation of high-energy phosphate metabolism and the maintenance of cellular energy turnover. This circuit is fuelled by creatine, an amino acid derivative that can be obtained from a diet containing animal products, and by synthesis in the body de novo. A recent retrospective study conducted in a cohort of 287 pregnant women determined that maternal excreted levels of creatine may be associated with fetal growth. This prospective study aims to overcome some of the limitations associated with the previous study and thoroughly characterise creatine homeostasis throughout gestation in a low-risk pregnant population. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is recruiting women with a singleton low-risk pregnancy who are attending Monash Health, in Melbourne, Australia. Maternal blood and urine samples, along with dietary surveys, are collected at five time points during pregnancy and then at delivery. Cord blood and placenta (including membranes and cord) are collected at birth. A biobank of tissue samples for future research is being established. Primary outcome measures will include creatine, creatine kinase and associated metabolites in antenatal bloods and urine, cord bloods and placenta, along with molecular analysis of the creatine transporter (SLC6A8) and synthesising enzymes L - arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) in placental tissues. Secondary outcome measures include dietary protein intake over pregnancy and any associations with maternal creatine, pregnancy events and birth outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was granted in August 2015 from Monash Health (Ref: 14140B) and Monash University (Ref: 7785). Study outcomes will be disseminated at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12618001558213; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L De Guingand
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stacey J Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miranda L Davies-Tuck
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley Dickinson
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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210
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Rowan H, Lee M, Brown A. Differences in dietary composition between infants introduced to complementary foods using Baby-led weaning and traditional spoon feeding. J Hum Nutr Diet 2018; 32:11-20. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Rowan
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Social Sciences; College of Human and Health Sciences; Swansea University; Swansea UK
| | - M. Lee
- Department of Psychology; College of Human and Health Sciences; Swansea University; Swansea UK
| | - A. Brown
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Social Sciences; College of Human and Health Sciences; Swansea University; Swansea UK
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211
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Schembre SM, Liao Y, O'Connor SG, Hingle MD, Shen SE, Hamoy KG, Huh J, Dunton GF, Weiss R, Thomson CA, Boushey CJ. Mobile Ecological Momentary Diet Assessment Methods for Behavioral Research: Systematic Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e11170. [PMID: 30459148 PMCID: PMC6280032 DOI: 10.2196/11170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New methods for assessing diet in research are being developed to address the limitations of traditional dietary assessment methods. Mobile device-assisted ecological momentary diet assessment (mEMDA) is a new dietary assessment method that has not yet been optimized and has the potential to minimize recall biases and participant burden while maximizing ecological validity. There have been limited efforts to characterize the use of mEMDA in behavioral research settings. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to summarize mEMDA protocols used in research to date, to characterize key aspects of these assessment approaches, and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mEMDA compared with the traditional dietary assessment methods as well as implications for future mEMDA research. METHODS Studies that used mobile devices and described mEMDA protocols to assess dietary intake were included. Data were extracted according to Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Cochrane guidelines and then synthesized narratively. RESULTS The review included 20 studies with unique mEMDA protocols. Of these, 50% (10/20) used participant-initiated reports of intake at eating events (event-contingent mEMDA), and 50% (10/20) used researcher-initiated prompts requesting that participants report recent dietary intake (signal-contingent mEMDA). A majority of the study protocols (60%, 12/20) enabled participants to use mobile phones to report dietary data. Event-contingent mEMDA protocols most commonly assessed diet in real time, used dietary records for data collection (60%, 6/10), and provided estimates of energy and nutrient intake (60%, 6/10). All signal-contingent mEMDA protocols used a near real-time recall approach with unannounced (ie, random) abbreviated diet surveys. Most signal-contingent protocols (70%, 7/10) assessed the frequency with which (targeted) foods or food groups were consumed. Relatively few (30%, 6/20) studies compared mEMDA with the traditional dietary assessment methods. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates that mEMDA has the potential to reduce participant burden and recall bias, thus advancing the field beyond current dietary assessment methods while maximizing ecological validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Schembre
- Department of Behavioral Science, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine-Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Yue Liao
- Department of Behavioral Science, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sydney G O'Connor
- Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Melanie D Hingle
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Shu-En Shen
- Department of Kinesiology, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katarina G Hamoy
- Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jimi Huh
- Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rick Weiss
- Viocare, Inc, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carol J Boushey
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Kianifard T, Chopra A. In the absence of specific advice, what do patients eat and avoid? Results from a community based diet study in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with a focus on potassium. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 28:214-221. [PMID: 30390884 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a painful disabling difficult to treat disease. Clinicians and guidelines invariably focus on drugs. Diet is important but lacks robust data. We carried out a comprehensive analytical study in Indian (Asian) patients. METHODS 141 consenting symptomatic chronic RA patients [mean age 46 years) center and 165 unrelated healthy control subjects (mean age 36 years) completed a a-priori validated food frequency questionnaire in a cross-sectional non-random design study under the supervision of a nutritionist. All patients were under standard rheumatology care. A 3 day retrospective recall record captured dietary data for all subjects. National Indian guidelines were adopted for diet analytics. Standard statistical analysis was carried out; significant p < 0.05. RESULTS Daily diet was found to be significantly deficient in calories and consumption of proteins, calcium and potassium when compared to healthy subjects. It was also inadequate for several nutrients when compacted to recommended daily allowance. The proportion of carbohydrates (65%), proteins (15%) and fat (25%) in daily diet was consistent with Indian standards (healthy). Women patients reported higher deficiency. 44% patients consumed vegetarian diet and showed lesser pain and better function compared to non-vegetarians (not significant). 44% patients reported dietary restriction; higher swollen joint counts in patients following any dietary restriction (p = 0.01) or Ayurveda (ancient Indian medicinal system) advise (p = 0.01) or consuming night shade vegetables (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Dietary inadequacy and in particular for protein and potassium was identified in patients of RA. Any form of dietary restriction did not seem to improve RA. Specific dietary needs of RA patients and in particular impact of potassium deficiency needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Kianifard
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The Third French Individual and National Food Consumption (INCA3) Survey 2014-2015: method, design and participation rate in the framework of a European harmonization process. Public Health Nutr 2018; 22:584-600. [PMID: 30394264 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessing dietary exposure or nutrient intakes requires detailed dietary data. These data are collected in France by the cross-sectional Individual and National Studies on Food Consumption (INCA). In 2014-2015, the third survey (INCA3) was launched in the framework of the European harmonization process which introduced major methodological changes. The present paper describes the design of the INCA3 survey, its participation rate and the quality of its dietary data, and discusses the lessons learned from the methodological adaptations. DESIGN Two representative samples of adults (18-79 years old) and children (0-17 years old) living in mainland France were selected following a three-stage stratified random sampling method using the national census database. SETTING Food consumption was collected through three non-consecutive 24 h recalls (15-79 years old) or records (0-14 years old), supplemented by an FFQ. Information on food supplement use, eating habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviours, health status and sociodemographic characteristics were gathered by questionnaires. Height and body weight were measured.ParticipantsIn total, 4114 individuals (2121 adults, 1993 children) completed the whole protocol. RESULTS Participation rate was 41·5% for adults and 49·8% for children. Mean energy intake was estimated as 8795 kJ/d (2102 kcal/d) in adults and 7222 kJ/d (1726 kcal/d) in children and the rate of energy intake under-reporters was 17·8 and 13·9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Following the European guidelines, the INCA3 survey collected detailed dietary data useful for food-related and nutritional risk assessments at national and European level. The impact of the methodological changes on the participation rate should be further studied.
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García SM, González C, Rucci E, Ambrosino C, Vidal J, Fantuzzi G, Prestes M, Kronsbein P. Self-administered structured food record for measuring individual energy and nutrient intake in large cohorts: Design and validation. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2018; 65:524-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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"Cutting Down on Sugar" by Non-Dieting Young Women: An Impact on Diet Quality on Weekdays and the Weekend. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101463. [PMID: 30304771 PMCID: PMC6213198 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Restricted sugar intake is an important part of a healthy lifestyle and may contribute to the prevention of diet-related diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate whether declared sugar restriction is reflected in actual sucrose intake and diet quality of young non-dieting women, with differentiation between the weekend and weekdays. A convenient sample of 192 non-dieting women aged 20–30 years old was recruited. The sample was divided into two groups based on each woman’s declaration: “restricting sugar” (RS, n = 76) and “not restricting sugar” (nRS, n = 116). Comparisons between groups were made separately for seven days of the week, five weekdays and two weekend days without and with an adjustment for 2000 kcal of energy. Relative differences (RD, in %) in mean diet nutritional values between groups were calculated, where RD (%) = (RS − nRS) × 100/nRS, and were verified with a two-tailed t-test. In the seven-day diet of the RS group, in comparison to the nRS group, a lower daily intake of sucrose (by 22%) and MUFA (by 8%) and a higher content of most nutrients (by 7–38%) was found. No significant differences were observed in energy intake between RS and nRS women over the course of seven days, including weekdays and the weekend. Daily intake for the weekend, in comparison to weekdays, in RC and nRC women was higher with respect to energy (by 530 and 512 kcal, i.e., 37% and 34%, respectively), sucrose (44% and 23%, respectively), and most nutrients (by 17–98% and 16–42%, respectively). However, after the adjustment for 2000 kcal of energy, the daily intake of most nutrients in the weekend was lower (by 6–30% and 3–27%, in RS and nRS groups, respectively), than during weekdays. The intention to restrict sucrose has improved diet quality by decreasing sucrose intake and increasing the content of most nutrients, but had no effect on energy intake throughout the week. The quality of the women’s diet during the weekend was compromised, regardless of restricting or not restricting sugar. Encouragement to restrict sugar intake throughout the week and control the food intake during the weekend may be an effective strategy for young women to maintain a healthy diet.
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Ruiz E, Ávila JM, Valero T, Rodriguez P, Varela-Moreiras G. Breakfast Consumption in Spain: Patterns, Nutrient Intake and Quality. Findings from the ANIBES Study, a Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1324. [PMID: 30231551 PMCID: PMC6165504 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate energy, nutrient and food group intakes at breakfast in Spain and to examine for the first time, their relationship to the overall Diet Quality (DQ). The data used were from the Spanish ANIBES (anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles in Spain), a cross-sectional study using a nationally representative sample of the Spanish population (9⁻75 years old). DQ was assessed using the Nutrient Rich Foods Index, adapted to total diets (NRF9.3d). Most (>85%) of the Spanish population were regular breakfast consumers, although one in five adolescents were breakfast skippers. Breakfast provides just 16⁻19% of the daily intake of energy. Relative to its daily energy contribution, the Spanish breakfast contributed a higher proportion of daily total carbohydrates, added sugars, sodium, thiamin, riboflavin, folates, iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and especially in calcium. By contrast, the breakfast is low in water intake, protein, dietary fibre, total fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids, beta-carotene and vitamins E and D. In children and teenagers, the most commonly consumed breakfast food was chocolate (mainly as chocolate-flavoured milk and powder), followed by bakery and pastry, whole milk and semi-skimmed milk. In the older groups, a bigger variety of foods were reported. Consumers in the highest NRF9.3d tertile for diet quality tended to have a higher intake of positive nutrients at breakfast than other tertiles, most notably among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ruiz
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), C/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 pta, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Ávila
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), C/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 pta, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Teresa Valero
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), C/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 pta, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paula Rodriguez
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), C/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 pta, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), C/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 pta, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEU San Pablo University, Urb. Montepríncipe, Crta. Boadilla Km 53, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
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Hirsch KR, Tweedell AJ, Kleinberg CR, Gerstner GR, Barnette T, Mota JA, Smith-Ryan AE, Ryan ED. The Influence of Habitual Protein Intake on Body Composition and Muscular Strength in Career Firefighters. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:620-626. [PMID: 29702029 PMCID: PMC6192035 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1455071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to determine the relationship among protein (PRO) intake, body composition, and muscle strength in overweight and obese firefighters. A secondary objective was to evaluate differences in body composition and muscle strength among overweight and obese firefighters with low (L; < 0.8 g·kg-1), moderate (M; 0.8-1.0 g·kg-1), and high (H; > 1.0 g·kg-1) PRO intake. METHODS Relative PRO intake [r_PRO] was evaluated from 3-day dietary logs, self-reported by 43 overweight and obese male career firefighters (mean ± standard deviation; age = 37.3 ± 7.2 years; body mass index = 33.2 ± 5.0 kg·m-2; percent body fat [%BF] = 28.9 ± 4.0%). Body composition (fat mass [FM], %BF, lean mass [LM], percent LM [%LM]) and muscle strength (peak torque [PT], relative peak torque [r_PT] of the leg extensors) were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and isokinetic dynamometry, respectively. RESULTS Greater r_PRO was associated with less FM, %BF, LM (r = -0.498 to -0.363) and greater %LM (r = 0.363), but not muscle strength (p > 0.05). Fat mass (r = -0.373) and %BF (r = -0.369) were associated with lower r_PT; %LM was associated with greater r_PT (r = 0.373). Individuals with L r_PRO had greater FM (mean difference ± standard error: L-H = 10.08 ± 3.18 kg), %BF (L-H = 3.8% ± 1.4%) and lower %LM (L-H = -3.7% ± 1.3%) than those with H r_PRO (p < 0.05) but no significant differences in muscle strength (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Protein intake > 0.8 g·kg-1 was associated with more favorable body composition in male career firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie R. Hirsch
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew J. Tweedell
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Craig R. Kleinberg
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gena R. Gerstner
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T.J. Barnette
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jacob A. Mota
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Abbie E. Smith-Ryan
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric D. Ryan
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Correa-Rodríguez M, González-Jiménez E, Rueda-Medina B, Tovar-Gálvez MI, Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Schmidt-RioValle J. Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents. Res Nurs Health 2018; 41:448-458. [PMID: 30168607 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dietary inflammatory potential is an established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. In this study we analyzed the relation between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and cardiovascular risk factors, based on anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure, and heart rate parameters in children and adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 428 Spanish schoolchildren (mean age 12.32 ± 1.84), whose DII was calculated, based on a 24-hr diet recall over 3 days. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body composition analyzed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Blood pressure and heart rate parameters were assessed with an automatic monitor. Pubertal stage was assessed based on Tanner criteria. We analyzed the DII both as a continuous variable and as a category variable based on quartiles. Linear regression analysis revealed that the DII was significantly associated with waist to height ratio (WHtR) (p = .026; B = 0.128, 95% CI [.001-.016]) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, and Tanner stage. All macro- and micronutrient intakes were found to be higher in the DII Q1 (anti-inflammatory diet) except for caffeine. This study provides preliminary evidence of a significant association between the DII and WHtR, an index of cardiovascular risk. The results obtained indicate that the inflammatory potential of the diet may play a role in children and adolescents becoming overweight or developing obesity. Future studies in young people should be conducted to validate and further explore these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, DC 111221, Colombia
| | - Jorge E Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, DC 111221, Colombia
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Archer E, Marlow ML, Lavie CJ. Controversy and debate: Memory-Based Methods Paper 1: the fatal flaws of food frequency questionnaires and other memory-based dietary assessment methods. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 104:113-124. [PMID: 30121379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an escalating debate over the value and validity of self-reported dietary intake as estimated by Food Frequency Questionnaires and other forms of memory-based dietary assessment methods. Proponents argue that despite limitations, memory-based methods provide valid and valuable information about consumed foods and beverages and therefore can be used to assess diet-disease relations. In fact, over the past 60 years, thousands of memory-based dietary research reports were used to inform public policy and establish the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Yet, despite this impressive history, our position is that memory-based dietary assessment methods are invalid and inadmissible for scientific research and therefore cannot be used in evidence-based policy making. Herein, we present the empirical evidence and theoretic and philosophic perspectives that render data derived from memory-based methods both fatally flawed and pseudoscientific. First, the use of memory-based methods is founded upon two inter-related logical fallacies: a category error and reification. Second, human memory and recall are not valid instruments for scientific data collection. Third, in standard epidemiologic contexts, the measurement errors associated with self-reported data are nonfalsifiable because there is no way to ascertain if the reported foods and beverages match the respondent's actual consumption. Fourth, the assignment of nutrient and energy values to self-reported intake (i.e., the pseudoquantification of anecdotal data) is impermissible and violates the foundational tenets of measurement theory. Fifth, the proxy estimates created via pseudoquantification are often physiologically implausible and have little relation to actual nutrient and energy consumption. Finally, investigators engendered a fictional discourse on the health effects of dietary sugar, salt, fat and cholesterol when they failed to cite contrary evidence or address decades of research demonstrating the fatal measurement, analytic, and inferential flaws of memory-based dietary assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Archer
- Chief Science Officer, EvolvingFX, Jupiter, FL 33468, USA.
| | | | - Carl J Lavie
- Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Fagt S, Matthiessen J, Thyregod C, Kørup K, Biltoft-Jensen A. Breakfast in Denmark. Prevalence of Consumption, Intake of Foods, Nutrients and Dietary Quality. A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10081085. [PMID: 30110931 PMCID: PMC6116167 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakfast is considered by many to be the most important meal of the day. This study examined the intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast among Danes and the relation to the overall dietary quality. Data were derived from the Danish National Survey on Diet and Physical Activity 2011–2013, a cross-sectional national food consumption study. A total of 3680 participants aged 6–75 years were included in the analyses of breakfast consumption. The Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3 method was used to examine the overall dietary quality of the diet. The intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast were compared across dietary quality score tertiles by ANCOVA adjusted for energy and socio economic status. Breakfast was eaten frequently by children and adults and contributed with 18–20% of total energy intake. Breakfast was relatively high in dietary fibre, B vitamins, calcium and magnesium and low in added sugar, total fat, sodium, vitamin A and D. A decrease in the intake of added sugar, total fat and saturated fat and an increase in the intake of dietary fibre and most micronutrients were seen across tertiles of dietary quality scores. Commonly consumed foods provided at breakfast in Denmark included bread, breakfast cereals and dairy products as well as water, coffee and juice, while intakes of fruits, vegetables, cakes and soft drinks were low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisse Fagt
- National Food Institute, Division of Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jeppe Matthiessen
- National Food Institute, Division of Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Camilla Thyregod
- DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Demark.
| | - Karsten Kørup
- National Food Institute, Division of Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anja Biltoft-Jensen
- National Food Institute, Division of Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Breakfast Consumption in the UK: Patterns, Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality. A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative Group. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10080999. [PMID: 30061542 PMCID: PMC6115898 DOI: 10.3390/nu10080999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breakfast consumption is associated with higher overall dietary adequacy; however, there is a lack of quantitative guidelines for optimal nutrient intakes at breakfast in the UK. This study aimed to investigate nutrient and food group intakes at breakfast and examine their relationship to overall Diet Quality (DQ). Data from the most recent National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS, 2008⁻2014) were accessed to provide a representative sample (n = 8174) of the UK population, aged 5⁻96 years, mean age of 33 years. Food intake was measured by a 4-day estimated food diary and DQ was assessed by the Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3 method. Energy- and socio-economic-adjusted nutrient and food group intakes were compared across age groups and DQ tertiles by ANCOVA. Breakfast contributed 20⁻22% to total energy intake. Breakfast intakes of carbohydrate and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) were higher, and intakes of protein, total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were lower, than relative daily intakes. Breakfast was particularly rich in B vitamins, vitamin D, calcium, iron, iodine and magnesium. From the lowest to the highest DQ tertile decreasing intakes of NMES, SFA and total fat and increasing intakes of carbohydrate, protein, fibre and most micronutrients were found. These findings could help to inform the development of nutrient-based recommendations for a balanced breakfast for the first time in the UK.
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Controversy and Debate: Memory Based Methods Paper 3: Nutrition's 'Black Swans': Our reply. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 104:130-135. [PMID: 30063955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport in Male Athletes: A Commentary on Its Presentation Among Selected Groups of Male Athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2018; 28:364-374. [PMID: 30040508 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Low energy availability (LEA) is a key element of the Female Athlete Triad. Causes of LEA include failure to match high exercise energy expenditure (unintentional) or pathological behaviors of disordered eating (compulsive) and overzealous weight control programs (misguided but intentional). Recognition of such scenarios in male athletes contributed to the pronouncement of the more inclusive Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndrome. This commentary describes the insights and experience of the current group of authors around the apparently heightened risk of LEA in some populations of male athletes: road cyclists, rowers (lightweight and open weight), athletes in combat sports, distance runners, and jockeys. The frequency, duration, and magnitude of the LEA state appear to vary between populations. Common risk factors include cyclical management of challenging body mass and composition targets (including "making weight") and the high energy cost of some training programs or events that is not easily matched by energy intake. However, additional factors such as food insecurity and lack of finances may also contribute to impaired nutrition in some populations. Collectively, these insights substantiate the concept of RED-S in male athletes and suggest that a specific understanding of a sport, subpopulation, or culture may identify a complex series of factors that can contribute to LEA and the type and severity of its outcomes. This commentary provides a perspective on the range of risk factors that should be addressed in future surveys of RED-S in athletic populations and targeted for specific investigation and modification.
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Male Flat Jockeys Do Not Display Deteriorations in Bone Density or Resting Metabolic Rate in Accordance With Race Riding Experience: Implications for RED-S. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2018; 28:434-439. [DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite consistent reports of poor bone health in male jockeys, it is not yet known if this is a consequence of low energy availability or lack of an osteogenic stimulus. Given the rationale that low energy availability is a contributing factor in low bone health, we tested the hypothesis that both hip and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) should progressively worsen in accordance with the years of riding. In a cross-sectional design, male apprentice (n = 17) and senior (n = 14) jockeys (matched for body mass and fat-free mass) were assessed for hip and lumbar spine BMD, as well as both measured and predicted resting metabolic rate (RMR). Despite differences (p < .05) in years of race riding (3.4 ± 2 vs. 16.3 ± 6.8), no differences were apparent (p > .05) in hip (−0.9 ± 1.1 vs. −0.8 ± 0.7) and lumbar Z-scores (−1.3 ± 1.4 vs. −1.5 ± 1) or measured RMR (1,459 ± 160 vs. 1,500 ± 165 kcal/day) between apprentices and senior jockeys, respectively. Additionally, years of race riding did not demonstrate any significant correlations (p > .05) with either hip or lumbar spine BMD. Measured RMR was also not different (p > .05) from predicted RMR in either apprentice (1,520 ± 44 kcal/day) or senior jockeys (1,505 ± 70 kcal/day). When considered with previously published data examining underreporting of energy intake and direct assessments of energy expenditure, we suggest that low BMD in jockeys is not due to low energy availability per se but rather the lack of an osteogenic stimulus associated with riding.
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225
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Soriano G, Goisser S, Guyonnet S, Vellas B, Andrieu S, Sourdet S. Misreporting of Energy Intake in Older People: Comparison of Two Dietary Assessment Methods. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 37:310-320. [PMID: 30280995 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2018.1505578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Accurate assessment of dietary intake is essential in clinical practice and research. While energy intake (EI) misreporting has been extensively studied in the general population, relatively little is known about misreporting among older people. This cross-sectional study used clinical data routinely collected in 127 participants, aged 70-96 years, from the Toulouse Frailty Clinic. EI was assessed by diet history interview and three-day food record. Misreporters were identified with the Goldberg cut-off method, using the Harris-Benedict equation to estimate total energy expenditure. The response rate was 66% for three-day food record and 93% for diet history interviews. EI from diet history interviews (1799 ± 416 kcal/day) was significantly higher than from food records (1400 ± 381 kcal/day; p < 0.001) and closest to total energy expenditure (1758 ± 437 kcal/day; (p > 0.05). Thirty percent of participants were identified as underreporters with three-day food records vs. 9% with diet history interviews. Overreporters were found with diet history interviews only (11% of participants). In older people, the diet history interview has the advantage of obtaining a higher response rate and a lower underreporting rate, compared to three-day food record. Nevertheless, with this method, overreporting was observed and interpreting results should be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Soriano
- a Gérontopôle , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
- b Inserm UMR1027 , Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , Toulouse , France
| | - S Goisser
- a Gérontopôle , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
| | - S Guyonnet
- a Gérontopôle , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
- b Inserm UMR1027 , Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , Toulouse , France
| | - B Vellas
- a Gérontopôle , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
- b Inserm UMR1027 , Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , Toulouse , France
| | - S Andrieu
- b Inserm UMR1027 , Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , Toulouse , France
| | - S Sourdet
- a Gérontopôle , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
- b Inserm UMR1027 , Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , Toulouse , France
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226
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Mielgo-Ayuso J, Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Olza J, Aranceta-Bartrina J, Gil Á, Ortega RM, Serra-Majem L, Varela-Moreiras G, González-Gross M. Dietary Intake and Food Sources of Niacin, Riboflavin, Thiamin and Vitamin B₆ in a Representative Sample of the Spanish Population. The Anthropometry, Intake, and Energy Balance in Spain (ANIBES) Study †. Nutrients 2018; 10:E846. [PMID: 29966236 PMCID: PMC6073544 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B₆ are essential micronutrients that are mainly involved in energy metabolism; they may prevent the occurrence of developmental abnormalities and chronic degenerative and neoplastic diseases. The aim was to analyze dietary intake and food sources of those four nutrients in subjects (n = 2009) aged 9⁻75 years old from the Spanish ANIBES (Anthropometry, Intake, and Energy Balance in Spain) study. Dietary data were collected by means of a validated, photo-based three-day dietary food record. Underreporting was analysed according to the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA, Parma, Italy) protocol. Mean (max⁻min) reported intake for the whole population of thiamin was 1.17 ± 0.02 mg/day, (0.30⁻3.44 mg/day), riboflavin 1.44 ± 0.02 mg/day, (0.37⁻3.54 mg/day), niacin 29.1 ± 0.2 mg/day (6.7⁻109 mg/day), and vitamin B₆ 1.54 ± 0.01 mg/day (0.28⁻9.30 mg/day). The main sources of intake for thiamin, niacin, and vitamin B₆ were meat and meat products, and for riboflavin were milk and dairy products. An elevated percentage of the Spanish ANIBES population meets the EFSA recommended intakes for thiamin (71.2%), riboflavin (72.0%), niacin (99.0%), and vitamin B₆ (77.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and physiology of University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain.
| | - Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Josune Olza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Javier Aranceta-Bartrina
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Carlos III Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 3100 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Carlos III Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa M Ortega
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Carlos III Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/Doctor Pasteur s/n Trasera del Hospital, 35016 Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEU San Pablo University, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), 28010 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Carlos III Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Diet-Quality and Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Non-Nutritive Sweetener Use in the Australian Population. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070833. [PMID: 29954097 PMCID: PMC6073373 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are used in the food supply to replace sugar and/or to reduce dietary energy intake. The aim of this research was to assess the consumption prevalence and food sources of NNS in the Australian population. Food group and nutrient intakes were assessed to compare diet quality of NNS consumers and non-consumers. Secondary analysis of the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, 2011/12 was conducted (n = 12,435) after identifying all NNS products consumed in the population. The proportion of participants that reported intake of NNS per day was 18.2% for adults (19+ years), and 8.5% for children (2–18 years), with the most common food sources being carbonated soft drinks, tabletop sweeteners, and yoghurt. Characteristics associated with NNS consumption in adults included being female, higher body mass index (BMI), self-reported diabetes status, and being on a weight-loss diet. For adults, NNS consumers had lower free sugar intake but energy intake did not differ from non-consumers. However, for children, no differences in free sugar or energy intake were observed between consumers and non-consumers. While these results support the use of NNS in reducing sugar intake, these data suggest compensatory increases in energy intake may occur.
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228
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Cameron JD, Doucet É, Adamo KB, Walker M, Tirelli A, Barnes JD, Hafizi K, Murray M, Goldfield GS. Effects of prenatal exposure to cigarettes on anthropometrics, energy intake, energy expenditure, and screen time in children. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:394-400. [PMID: 29913228 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal prenatal smoking is associated with downstream childhood obesity. Although animal research suggests reduced resting energy expenditure (REE), decreased physical activity (PA), and increased energy intake as mechanisms, these relationships are unclear in humans. The objectives were to examine the association of prenatal maternal smoking with non-volitional energy expenditure (REE and the thermic effect of feeding [TEF]), child adiposity, energy intake, free-living PA (daily light PA (LPA), daily moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), daily sedentary behavior (SB)), and screen time (television and computer/video game) in children. METHODS As part of a longitudinal study, 46 children (n = 27 controls and n = 19 smoking exposed) with mean age 7.6 ± 2 years were recruited. Body weight and composition (Bioelectrical Impedance), height (Stadiometer), waist circumference (cm; tape), BMI (kg/m2), REE (kcal/day; indirect calorimetry), PA (minutes; Accelerometry), screen time (hours; self-report) and ad libitum energy intake (lunch buffet; 7-day food log) were measured. Effects sizes were evaluated using Cohen's d. RESULTS Relative to controls, after controlling for age and family income, children who were exposed to cigarette smoke in utero exhibited greater waist circumference (p = 0.04, Cohen's d = 1.03), percent body fat (%BF; p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.97), and a trend for BMI (p = 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.86). Exposed children did not differ in REE (trend for lower: p = 0.1, Cohen's d = 0.42) or TEF but were shown to have significantly higher ad libitum energy intake (p = 0.02, Cohen's D = 0.70) from the palatable lunch buffet, but not from the out of laboratory 7-day energy intake (p = 0.8). Examining screen time behaviors, exposed children spent more time watching television during the week (p = 0.03, Cohen's D = 0.82), and overall television watching (p = 0.02, Cohen's D = 0.80); there were no group differences in any other screen time behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Children exposed to cigarette smoke in utero exhibit greater adiposity, and this exposure may have as contributing factors higher screen time, ad libitum energy intake, and a trend for reduced REE. The data suggest that lifestyle factors such as diet and screen time represent targets for obesity prevention in a high-risk population of young children exposed to prenatal cigarette smoke. Findings also highlight the need for smoking cessation programs to reduce downstream obesity in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameason D Cameron
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | - Kristi B Adamo
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Joel D Barnes
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Gary S Goldfield
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
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229
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Mackay S, Buch T, Vandevijvere S, Goodwin R, Korohina E, Funaki-Tahifote M, Lee A, Swinburn B. Cost and Affordability of Diets Modelled on Current Eating Patterns and on Dietary Guidelines, for New Zealand Total Population, Māori and Pacific Households. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061255. [PMID: 29899249 PMCID: PMC6025104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The affordability of diets modelled on the current (less healthy) diet compared to a healthy diet based on Dietary Guidelines was calculated for population groups in New Zealand. Diets using common foods were developed for a household of four for the total population, Māori and Pacific groups. Māori and Pacific nutrition expert panels ensured the diets were appropriate. Each current (less healthy) diet was based on eating patterns identified from national nutrition surveys. Food prices were collected from retail outlets. Only the current diets contained alcohol, takeaways and discretionary foods. The modelled healthy diet was cheaper than the current diet for the total population (3.5% difference) and Pacific households (4.5% difference) and similar in cost for Māori households (0.57% difference). When the diets were equivalent in energy, the healthy diet was more expensive than the current diet for all population groups (by 8.5% to 15.6%). For households on the minimum wage, the diets required 27% to 34% of household income, and if receiving income support, required 41–52% of household income. Expert panels were invaluable in guiding the process for specific populations. Both the modelled healthy and current diets are unaffordable for some households as a considerable portion of income was required to purchase either diet. Policies are required to improve food security by lowering the cost of healthy food or improving household income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Mackay
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Tina Buch
- The Heart Foundation of New Zealand, Auckland 1051, New Zealand.
| | | | - Rawinia Goodwin
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | | | | | - Amanda Lee
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Sydney 1240, Australia.
| | - Boyd Swinburn
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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230
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Moran LJ, McNaughton SA, Sui Z, Cramp C, Deussen AR, Grivell RM, Dodd JM. The characterisation of overweight and obese women who are under reporting energy intake during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:204. [PMID: 29859056 PMCID: PMC5984749 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-1826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Misreporting of energy intake is common and can contribute to biased estimates of the relationship between diet and disease. Energy intake misreporting is poorly understood in pregnancy and there is limited research assessing characteristics of women who misreport energy intake or changes in misreporting of energy intake across pregnancy. Methods An observational study in n = 945 overweight or obese pregnant women receiving standard antenatal care who participated in the LIMIT randomised trial. Diet, physical activity, psychological factors, body image satisfaction and dieting behaviour were assessed at trial entry (10–20 weeks gestation) and 36 weeks gestation. Energy misreporting status was assessed through the ratio of daily energy intake over basal metabolic rate. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with the dependent variable of under reporting of energy intake at study entry or 36 weeks in separate analysis. Results At study entry and 36 weeks, women were classified as under reporters (38 vs 49.4%), adequate reporters (59.7 vs 49.8%) or over reporters of energy intake (2.3 vs 0.8%) respectively. The prevalence of under reporting energy intake at 36 weeks was higher than at study entry (early pregnancy). Body mass index (BMI) at study entry and 36 weeks and socioeconomic status, dieting behaviour and risk of depression at 36 weeks were independent predictors of under reporting of energy intake. Conclusions Under reporting of energy intake was present in over a third of overweight and obese pregnant women and was higher in late compared to early pregnancy. Characteristics such as BMI, socioeconomic status, past dieting behaviour and risk of depression may aid in identifying women who either require support in accurate recording of food intake or attention for improving diet quality. Results were unable to distinguish whether under reporting reflects misreporting or a true restriction of dietary intake. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12607000161426, registered 9/3/2007. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-1826-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Moran
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Monash Centre for Health Research Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - S A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Z Sui
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - C Cramp
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - A R Deussen
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - R M Grivell
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia.,Department of Perinatal Medicine, Women's & Babies Division, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J M Dodd
- The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, VIC, 3168, Australia.,Department of Perinatal Medicine, Women's & Babies Division, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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231
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Silva MRG, Silva HH, Paiva T. Sleep duration, body composition, dietary profile and eating behaviours among children and adolescents: a comparison between Portuguese acrobatic gymnasts. Eur J Pediatr 2018; 177:815-825. [PMID: 29502302 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-3124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sleep, body composition and dietary intake are crucial for athletes' health and performance but have never been investigated in acrobatic gymnasts. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate sleep, body composition, dietary intake and eating behaviours of acrobatic gymnasts. Using a cross-sectional study, 82 Portuguese acrobatic gymnasts (12.8 ± 3.1 years, 61 females and 21 males) were evaluated during the competitive period to collect training data, sleep duration, body composition, dietary intake and eating behaviours before, during and after practices. Most of the gymnasts (91.5%) slept less than 8 h/night. Female adolescents slept significantly less on weekdays than female children (P = 0.024). Female adolescents' mean body mass was below the normal and 60.0% showed menstrual irregularities; 4.9% of females bases were overweight and 2.4% obese. Male adolescents slept significantly less on weekdays than male children (P = 0.001); significant differences were shown for fat-free mass (P = 0.014); however, 3.7% were overweight. All daily energy and macronutrient intakes were significantly different according to age and gender, with exception for fibre and energy intake in females (P = 0.057 and P = 0.052, respectively), and for protein in males (P = 0.068). Female and male adolescents demonstrated significant lower energy availability (32.8 ± 9.4 kcal/kg FFM/day and 45.1 ± 14.7 kcal/kg FFM/day) than children (45.8 ± 8.7 kcal/kg FFM/day and 53.8 ± 9.1 kcal/kg FFM/day), respectively. Significant low intakes of important vitamins and minerals were reported. Most of the participants did not eat or drink during or immediately after training sessions. CONCLUSION Acrobatic gymnasts revealed low BF, short sleep duration and macro- and micronutrients inadequate intakes. The Female Athlete Triad was demonstrated by female adolescent gymnasts. What is Known: • Adequate dietary intake is an important resource for athletes' short and long-term health and performance. • There are no published studies in acrobatic gymnasts' sleep, body composition or dietary intake. What is New: • This study provides the first data on significant differences in energy intake and availability between acrobatic gymnasts; overweight and obesity were present in females. • Macro and micronutrients were inappropriate. Female Athlete Triad was observed in female adolescent acrobatic gymnasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Raquel G Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Oporto, Portugal. .,Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Scientific Commission of the Gymnastics Federation of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Hugo-Henrique Silva
- Portuguese Ministry of Education, Lisbon, Portugal.,Óquei Clube de Barcelos, Barcelos, Portugal
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Rosso N, Giabbanelli P. Accurately Inferring Compliance to Five Major Food Guidelines Through Simplified Surveys: Applying Data Mining to the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2018; 4:e56. [PMID: 29848474 PMCID: PMC6000477 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.9536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND National surveys in public health nutrition commonly record the weight of every food consumed by an individual. However, if the goal is to identify whether individuals are in compliance with the 5 main national nutritional guidelines (sodium, saturated fats, sugars, fruit and vegetables, and fats), much less information may be needed. A previous study showed that tracking only 2.89% of all foods (113/3911) was sufficient to accurately identify compliance. Further reducing the data needs could lower participation burden, thus decreasing the costs for monitoring national compliance with key guidelines. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess whether national public health nutrition surveys can be further simplified by only recording whether a food was consumed, rather than having to weigh it. METHODS Our dataset came from a generalized sample of inhabitants in the United Kingdom, more specifically from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008-2012. After simplifying food consumptions to a binary value (1 if an individual consumed a food and 0 otherwise), we built and optimized decision trees to find whether the foods could accurately predict compliance with the major 5 nutritional guidelines. RESULTS When using decision trees of a similar size to previous studies (ie, involving as many foods), we were able to correctly infer compliance for the 5 guidelines with an average accuracy of 80.1%. This is an average increase of 2.5 percentage points over a previous study, showing that further simplifying the surveys can actually yield more robust estimates. When we allowed the new decision trees to use slightly more foods than in previous studies, we were able to optimize the performance with an average increase of 3.1 percentage points. CONCLUSIONS Although one may expect a further simplification of surveys to decrease accuracy, our study found that public health dietary surveys can be simplified (from accurately weighing items to simply checking whether they were consumed) while improving accuracy. One possibility is that the simplification reduced noise and made it easier for patterns to emerge. Using simplified surveys will allow to monitor public health nutrition in a more cost-effective manner and possibly decrease the number of errors as participation burden is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Rosso
- Data Analytics for Complex Human Behaviors Laboratory, Computer Science Department, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, United States
| | - Philippe Giabbanelli
- Data Analytics for Complex Human Behaviors Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Furman University, Greenville, SC, United States
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233
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McLean RM, Williams SM, Te Morenga LA, Mann JI. Spot urine and 24-h diet recall estimates of dietary sodium intake from the 2008/09 New Zealand Adult Nutrition Survey: a comparison. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:1120-1127. [PMID: 29786097 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to test the difference between estimates of dietary sodium intake using 24-h diet recall and spot urine collection in a large sample of New Zealand adults. METHODS We analysed spot urine results, 24-h diet recall, dietary habits questionnaire and anthropometry from a representative sample of 3312 adults aged 15 years and older who participated in the 2008/09 New Zealand Adult Nutrition Survey. Estimates of adult population sodium intake were derived from 24-h diet recall and spot urine sodium using a formula derived from analysis of INTERSALT data. Correlations, limits of agreement and mean difference were calculated for the total sample, and for population subgroups. RESULTS Estimated total population 24-h urinary sodium excretion (mean (95% CI)) from spot urine samples was 3035 mg (2990, 3079); 3612 mg (3549, 3674) for men and 2507 mg (2466, 2548) for women. Estimated mean usual daily sodium intake from 24-h diet recall data (excluding salt added at the table) was 2564 mg (2519, 2608); 2849 mg (2779, 2920) for men and 2304 mg (2258, 2350) for women. Correlations between estimates were poor, especially for men, and limits of agreement using Bland-Altman mean difference analysis were wide. CONCLUSIONS There is a poor agreement between estimates of individual sodium intake from spot urine collection and those from 24-hour diet recall. Although, both 24-hour dietary recall and estimated urinary excretion based on spot urine indicate mean population sodium intake is greater than 2 g, significant differences in mean intake by method deserve further investigation in relation to the gold standard, 24-hour urinary sodium excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M McLean
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Sheila M Williams
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lisa A Te Morenga
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jim I Mann
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Garden L, Clark H, Whybrow S, Stubbs RJ. Is misreporting of dietary intake by weighed food records or 24-hour recalls food specific? Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:1026-1034. [PMID: 29789710 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Healthy eating advice is informed, in part, by dietary surveys that rely on self-reported data. Misreporting of food intake may distort relationships between diet and health outcomes. This study directly quantified the food groups that were under-reported or over-reported in common dietary assessment techniques. SUBJECTS/METHODS Food and drink consumption of 59 adults, with ad libitum access to a range of familiar foods, was objectively and covertly measured by investigators, and validated against independent measures of energy balance, while participants were resident in the Human Nutrition Unit of the Rowett Institute. Participants self-reported their diets using weighed dietary records (WDR) and multiple-pass 24-hr recalls over two periods of 3 days using a cross-over design. Foods and drinks were aggregated into 41 food groups. RESULTS The mean daily weight of food and drinks reported was significantly lower than actually consumed; 3.3 kg (p = 0.004, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.07-3.55 kg) and 3.0 kg (p < 0.001, CI = 2.80-3.15 kg) for the WDR and 24-hr recall respectively, compared with 3.6 kg for the objective measure. Reported intakes were significantly lower than the objective measure for four and eight food groups (WDR and 24 h recall, respectively), and not significantly different for the remaining food groups. CONCLUSIONS Although under-reporting was greater for some food groups than for others, 'healthy' foods were not over-reported and 'unhealthy' foods were not consistently under-reported. A better understanding of which foods tend to be misreported could lead to improvements in the methods of self-reported dietary intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Clark
- Institute of Applied Health Services, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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235
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Sarwer DB, Dilks RJ, Spitzer JC, Berkowitz RI, Wadden TA, Moore RH, Chittams JL, Brandt ML, Chen MK, Courcoulas AP, Harmon CM, Helmrath MA, Michalsky MP, Xanthakos SA, Zeller MH, Jenkins TM, Inge TH. Changes in Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Adolescents After Bariatric Surgery: an Ancillary Study to the Teen-LABS Consortium. Obes Surg 2018. [PMID: 28625002 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of studies suggest that bariatric surgery is safe and effective for adolescents with severe obesity. However, surprisingly little is known about changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVE Investigate changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (n = 119) or lifestyle modification (LM) (n = 169). SETTING University-based health systems METHODS: A prospective investigation of 288 participants (219 female and 69 male) prior to bariatric surgery or LM and again 6, 12, and 24 months (surgery patients only) after treatment. Measures included changes in weight, macronutrient intake, eating behavior, and relevant demographic and physiological variables. RESULTS Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery experienced significantly greater weight loss than those who received LM. The two groups differed in self-reported intake of a number of macronutrients at 6 and 12 months from baseline, but not total caloric intake. Patients treated with surgery, compared to those treated with LM, also reported significantly greater reductions in a number of disordered eating symptoms. After bariatric surgery, greater weight loss from postoperative month 6 to 12 was associated with self-reported weight consciousness, craving for sweets, and consumption of zinc. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery, compared to those who received LM, reported significantly greater reductions in weight after 1 year. They also reported greater reductions in disordered eating symptoms. These findings provide new information on changes in dietary intake and eating behavior among adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Sarwer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA, 19428, USA.
| | - Rebecca J Dilks
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline C Spitzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA, 19428, USA
| | - Robert I Berkowitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renee H Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jesse L Chittams
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary L Brandt
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mike K Chen
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anita P Courcoulas
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael A Helmrath
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marc P Michalsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stavra A Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meg H Zeller
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Todd M Jenkins
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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236
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Correa-Rodríguez M, Pocovi G, Schmidt-RioValle J, González-Jiménez E, Rueda-Medina B. Assessment of dietary intake in Spanish university students of health sciences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 65:265-273. [PMID: 29599102 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutritional intake during early ages has been associated to disease onset later in life. This study aimed to assess dietary intake in Spanish university students of health sciences as compared to national recommended dietary intakes (DRIs). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted including 585 university students of health sciences aged 18-25 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a 72-h diet recall. A control group was selected from Spanish National Dietary Intake Survey (ENIDE) data. RESULTS Intake of energy, protein, fat, fatty acids, and cholesterol was significantly lower (p<0.001) in university students compared to controls, while fiber intake showed the opposite trend (p<0.001). Total fat and carbohydrate intake was consistent with recommendations, but protein intake was lower than recommended. Intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was markedly higher than nutrition goals, while intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) was lower. Both students and the reference control group did not reach the optimal dietary intake of iodine and vitamins D and E, while sodium intake was excessive in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Dietary habits of university students were mainly characterized by low intakes of energy, protein, fats, fatty acids, and cholesterol, and high intake of fiber as compared to the general population. Intake of iodine and vitamins D and E was low, while sodium intake was excessive in both university students and the general population. Dietary interventions should be considered to prevent nutritional deficiencies and to ensure a balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Correa-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Ilustración S/N, 18007 Granada, Spain.
| | | | | | - Emilio González-Jiménez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Ilustración S/N, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Rueda-Medina
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Ilustración S/N, 18007 Granada, Spain
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237
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Abstract
Nutrition assessment is a necessary first step in advising athletes on dietary strategies that include dietary supplementation, and in evaluating the effectiveness of supplementation regimens. Although dietary assessment is the cornerstone component of the nutrition assessment process, it should be performed within the context of a complete assessment that includes collection/evaluation of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and environmental data. Collection of dietary intake data can be challenging, with the potential for significant error of validity and reliability, which include inherent errors of the collection methodology, coding of data by dietitians, estimation of nutrient composition using nutrient food tables and/or dietary software programs, and expression of data relative to reference standards including eating guidance systems, macronutrient guidelines for athletes, and recommended dietary allowances. Limitations in methodologies used to complete anthropometric assessment and biochemical analysis also exist, as reference norms for the athlete are not well established and practical and reliable biomarkers are not available for all nutrients. A clinical assessment collected from history information and the nutrition-focused physical exam may help identify overt nutrient deficiencies but may be unremarkable in the well-trained athlete. Assessment of potential food-drug interactions and environmental components further helps make appropriate dietary and supplement recommendations. Overall, the assessment process can help the athlete understand that supplement intake cannot make up for poor food choices and an inadequate diet, while a healthy diet helps ensure maximal benefit from supplementation. Establishment of reference norms specifically for well-trained athletes for the nutrition assessment process is a future research priority.
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238
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Correa-Rodríguez M, Rueda-Medina B, González-Jiménez E, Correa-Bautista JE, Ramírez-Vélez R, Schmidt-RioValle J. Dietary inflammatory index, bone health and body composition in a population of young adults: a cross-sectional study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29513154 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1446915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Diet quality has been postulated as a relevant factor in disorders like obesity and osteoporosis as it modulates inflammatory biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with bone health status and body composition parameters in a population of young adults. The study population consisted of 599 young adults (aged 20.41 ± 2.72). Linear regression analysis revealed that weight and fat-free mass (FFM) were significantly associated with the DII after adjustments for age, sex and total energy (β = -0.91, 95% CI -1.782, -0.213, p = .013 and β = -0.059, 95% CI -0.842, -0.107, p = .011, respectively). Our results suggest that the inflammatory potential of diet, measured using the DII, is associated with obesity-related parameters such as FFM and weight, although it may not contribute to osteoporosis in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- b Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- b Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia
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239
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The efficacy of daily snack replacement with oligofructose-enriched granola bars in overweight and obese adults: a 12-week randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:1076-1086. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractOligofructose is a prebiotic dietary fibre obtained from chicory root inulin. Oligofructose supplementation may affect satiety, food intake, body weight and/or body composition. The aim was to examine the efficacy of oligofructose-supplemented granola bars on the following weight management outcomes: satiety, energy intake, body weight and body composition in overweight or obese adults. In all, fifty-five adults with overweight or obesity (thirty-six females/nineteen males; age: 41 (sd 12) years; 90·6 (sd 11·8) kg; BMI: 29·4 (sd 2·6) kg/m2) participated in a parallel, triple-blind, placebo-controlled intervention. A total of twenty-nine subjects replaced their snacks twice a day with an equienergetic granola bar supplemented with 8 g of oligofructose (OF-Bar). Subjects in the control group (n 26) replaced their snack with a control granola bar without added oligofructose (Co-Bar). Satiety, 24-h energy intake, body weight and body composition (fat mass and waist circumference) were measured at baseline, weeks 6 and 12. In addition, weekly appetite and gastrointestinal side effects were measured. During the intervention, energy intake, body weight and fat mass remained similar in the Co-Bar and OF-Bar groups (all P>0·05). Both groups lost 0·3 (sd 1·2) kg lean mass (P<0·01) and reduced their waist circumference with −2·2 (sd 3·6) cm (P<0·0001) after 12 weeks. The OF-Bar group reported decreased hunger in later weeks of the intervention (P=0·04), less prospective food consumption (P=0·03) and less thirst (P=0·003). To conclude, replacing daily snacks for 12 weeks with oligofructose-supplemented granola bars does not differentially affect energy intake, body weight and body composition compared with a control bar. However, there was an indication that appetite was lower after oligofructose bar consumption.
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240
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Roberts K, Cade J, Dawson J, Holdsworth M. Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in UK Adults Are Associated with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Lifestyle, and Diet Quality. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020177. [PMID: 29415478 PMCID: PMC5852753 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine empirical dietary patterns in UK adults and their association with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, self-reported nutrient intake, nutrient biomarkers, and the Nutrient-based Diet Quality Score (NDQS) using National Diet and Nutrition Survey data 2008–2012 (n = 2083; mean age 49 years; 43.3% male). Four patterns explained 13.6% of the total variance: ‘Snacks, fast food, fizzy drinks’ (SFFFD), ‘Fruit, vegetables, oily fish’ (FVOF), ‘Meat, potatoes, beer’ (MPB), and ‘Sugary foods, dairy’ (SFD). ‘SFFFD’ was associated positively with: being male; smoking; body mass index (BMI); urinary sodium; intake of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES), fat and starch; and negatively with: age; plasma carotenoids; and NDQS. ‘FVOF’ was associated positively with: being non-white; age; income; socioeconomic classification (National Statistics Socio-economic Classifications; NSSEC); plasma carotenoids; intake of non-starch polysaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It was negatively associated with: being male, smoking, BMI, urinary sodium, intake of saturated fat; and NMES and NDQS. Whilst the patterns explained only 13.6% of the total variance, they were associated with self-reported nutrient intake, biomarkers of nutrient intake, sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, and the NDQS. These findings provide support for dietary patterns analyses as a means of exploring dietary intake in the UK population to inform public health nutrition policy and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Roberts
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, London SE1 6LH, UK.
| | - Janet Cade
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Jeremy Dawson
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
| | - Michelle Holdsworth
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
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Wanders AJ, Alssema M, De Hoon SEM, Feskens EJM, van Woudenbergh GJ, van der Kallen CJ, Zock PL, Refsum H, Drevon CA, Elshorbagy A, Schalkwijk CG, Stehouwer CDA, Dekker JM, van Greevenbroek MMJ. Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Biomarkers for Dietary Intake across Subgroups: The CODAM and Hoorn Studies. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018; 72:117-125. [PMID: 29393106 DOI: 10.1159/000486244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate whether participant characteristics and way of expressing circulating fatty acids (FA) influence the strengths of associations between self-reported intake and circulating levels of linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were performed in pooled data from the CODAM (n = 469) and Hoorn (n = 702) studies. Circulating FA were measured by gas liquid chromatography and expressed as proportions (% of total FA) and concentrations (µg/mL). Dietary intakes were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Effects of participant characteristics on associations between dietary and circulating FA were calculated using interaction analyses. RESULTS Standardized regression coefficients between dietary FA and proportions of circulating FA (% of total FA) were LA β = 0.28, ALA β = 0.13, EPA β = 0.34, and DHA β = 0.45. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and presence of CVD influenced associations for LA; gender influenced LA, EPA, and DHA; alcohol intake influenced LA and DHA; and glucose tolerance status influenced ALA (p values interaction <0.05). Coefficients for circulating FA as concentrations were LA β = 0.19, ALA β = 0.10, EPA β = 0.31, and DHA β = 0.41. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that characteristics such as BMI, alcohol intake, and expressing circulating FA as proportions or concentrations, influence associations between dietary and circulating FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J Wanders
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjan Alssema
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine E M De Hoon
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands.,Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Peter L Zock
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands
| | - Helga Refsum
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amany Elshorbagy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M Dekker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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242
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Defining the role of dietary intake in determining weight change in patients with cancer cachexia. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:235-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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243
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Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate energy intake, energy expenditure, and the nutritional status of young female elite football players using 7-day food and activity records and blood parameters. METHODS A total of 56 female elite football players [14.8 (0.7) y] completed the requested food and activity protocols. Misreporting was assessed by the ratio of energy intake to energy expenditure. The food records were analyzed concerning energy and macronutrient and micronutrient intakes, and energy expenditure was calculated using predictive equations. Hematological data and 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum concentrations were determined. RESULTS Mean energy intake was 2262 (368) kcal/d [40.5 (7.0) kcal/kg/d] and estimated EE averaged 2403 (195) kcal/d. Fifty-three percent of the players exhibited an energy availability <30 kcal/kg lean body mass; 31% of the athletes consumed <5 g/kg carbohydrates and 34% consumed <1.2 g/kg proteins. A large proportion of players (%) had intakes below the recommended daily allowance of folate (75%), vitamin D (100%), iron (69%), and calcium (59%). Ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were below the recommendations of 59% and 38%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A remarkable number of players failed to meet the energy balance and the recommended carbohydrate and protein intakes. Low iron and 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were observed showing a suboptimal nutrition status of some young female football players. As a consequence, strategies have to be developed for a better information and application of sport nutrition practice among young female football players.
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244
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Hobbs DA, Givens DI, Lovegrove JA. Yogurt consumption is associated with higher nutrient intake, diet quality and favourable metabolic profile in children: a cross-sectional analysis using data from years 1-4 of the National diet and Nutrition Survey, UK. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:409-422. [PMID: 29330662 PMCID: PMC6424923 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Yogurt consumption has been associated with higher nutrient intakes, better diet quality and improved metabolic profiles in adults. Few studies have investigated these associations in children. This study investigated the association of yogurt consumption with nutrient intakes, diet quality and metabolic profile in British children. METHODS Data from 1687 children aged 4-10 and 11-18 years of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 1-4 were analysed. Yogurt consumption was determined using a 4-day diet diary. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, pulse pressure, plasma glucose, HbA1c, C-reactive protein, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, high-and low-density cholesterol from NDNS were used. RESULTS The highest tertile of yogurt consumption (T3) was associated with higher nutrient intakes, particularly for calcium (children 4-10 years: P < 0.0001; children 11-18 years P = 0.001), iodine (both age groups P < 0.0001) and riboflavin (both age groups P < 0.0001), and HEI-2010 score (both age groups P < 0.0001) in children aged 4-10 years (mean ± SD: 98.4 ± 35.7 g yogurt/day) and 11-18 years (mean ± SD: 105.4 ± 37.5 g yogurt/day) compared with non-consumers (0 g yogurt/d). Yogurt consumption was associated with significantly lower pulse pressure in children aged 4-10 years and lower HbA1c concentration, being shorter and having a larger hip circumference in children aged 11-18 years, compared with non-yogurt consumers. CONCLUSION This study suggests that British children who are yogurt consumers (> 60 g/day) have higher overall diet quality, nutrient intakes and adequacy, lower pulse pressure (children aged 4-10 years) and HbA1c concentrations (children aged 11-18 years), were shorter and had a smaller hip circumference (children aged 11-18 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Hobbs
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK. .,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK. .,Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
| | - D I Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - J A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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245
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Increasing Symptoms in Irritable Bowel Symptoms With Ingestion of Galacto-Oligosaccharides Are Mitigated by α-Galactosidase Treatment. Am J Gastroenterol 2018; 113:124-134. [PMID: 28809383 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2017.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are dietary FODMAPs (fermentable carbohydrates) associated with triggering gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial aimed to assess whether oral α-galactosidase co-ingestion with foods high in GOS and low in other FODMAPs would reduce symptoms. METHODS Patients meeting the Rome III criteria for IBS who were hydrogen-producers on breath testing were recruited. Participants were treated with full-dose (300 GALU (galactosidic units) α-galactosidase) and half-dose enzyme (150 GALU α-galactosidase), and placebo (glucose) in a random order with ≤14 days washout between arms. Following a 3-day low FODMAP run-in period, participants consumed provided diets high in GOS for a further 3-days. Gastrointestinal symptoms were measured daily using a 100 mm visual-analogue-scale, and breath samples taken hourly on the second last day with hydrogen content analysed as area-under-the-curve. RESULTS Thirty-one patients with IBS (20 IBS-D, 4 IBS-C, 7 IBS-M) completed the study. The addition of high GOS foods resulted in a significant increase in overall symptoms with 21 patients exhibiting GOS-sensitivity (>10 mm increase for overall symptoms). Of those, full-dose enzyme reduced overall symptoms (median 24. 5(IQR 17.5-35.8) vs. 5.5(1.5-15.0) mm; P=0.006) and bloating (20.5(9.5-42.0) vs. 6.5(2.0-15.8); P=0.017). Breath hydrogen production was minimal with no differences seen between placebo and full-dose (P=0.597). CONCLUSIONS Oral α-galactosidase taken with high GOS foods provides a clinically significant reduction in symptoms in GOS-sensitive individuals with IBS. This strategy can be translated into practice to improve tolerance to high GOS foods as an adjunct therapy to the low FODMAP diet.
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246
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Steffensen IL, Frølich W, Dahl KH, Iversen PO, Lyche JL, Lillegaard ITL, Alexander J. Benefit and risk assessment of increasing potassium intake by replacement of sodium chloride with potassium chloride in industrial food products in Norway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:329-340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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247
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Tuck CJ, Vanner SJ. Dietary therapies for functional bowel symptoms: Recent advances, challenges, and future directions. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30. [PMID: 29094792 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and quiescent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cause significant morbidity and a reduction in quality of life. Multiple dietary therapies are now available to treat these symptoms, but supporting evidence for many is limited. In addition to a further need for studies demonstrating efficacy and mechanism of action of dietary therapies, the risk of nutritional inadequacy, alterations to the microbiome and changes in quality of life are key concerns requiring elucidation. Identifying predictors of response to dietary therapy is an important goal as management could be tailored to the individual to target specific dietary components, and thereby reduce the level of dietary restriction necessary. PURPOSE This review discusses the available dietary therapies to treat symptoms in patients with IBS and patients with quiescent IBD suffering from IBS symptoms, with the aim to understand where current dietary evidence lies and how to move forward in dietary research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Tuck
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - S J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Household Food Insecurity Is Not Associated with Overall Diet Quality Among Pregnant Women in NHANES 1999-2008. Matern Child Health J 2017; 20:2348-2356. [PMID: 27406151 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze the association between household food security status and diet quality during pregnancy. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of pregnant women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2008. Of the 1158 pregnant women with complete household food security information, we analyzed 688 women who had complete dietary information and household incomes ≤300 % of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). Diet quality was measured by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index modified for Pregnancy (AHEI-P) from 1 to 2 24 h dietary recalls. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were implemented to assess the association between household food security status and AHEI-P, adjusting for age, nativity, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, and household income. RESULTS Among women with household incomes ≤300 % of the FPL, 19 % were food insecure and 4 % were marginally food secure. The mean AHEI-P score was 41.9 (95 % CI 40.4, 43.3). Household food insecurity was not associated with overall diet quality. However, living in a food insecure household compared to a food secure household was associated with a 2.3 (1.3, 4.1) greater odds of having a calcium component score greater than the median intake of calcium scores among food secure women in the sample. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE In a nationally representative sample of pregnant women, 80 % lived in a fully food secure household. Improving household food security during pregnancy is a public health opportunity to improve health outcomes; however household food security status may not be associated with overall diet quality.
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Ito MK, Gonçalves VSS, Faria SLCM, Moizé V, Porporatti AL, Guerra ENS, De Luca Canto G, de Carvalho KMB. Effect of Protein Intake on the Protein Status and Lean Mass of Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review. Obes Surg 2017; 27:502-512. [PMID: 27844254 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-bariatric surgery may compromise nutritional status due to energy and protein intake restriction. METHODS Systematic review was performed to synthesize evidence on the amount of protein intake and its association with lean mass and serum proteins during at least 6 months following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy. RESULTS Twelve studies (n = 739) were identified in the search. Protein intake below 60 g/day and significant lean mass loss were observed in majority of these studies. Of the four studies that measured association between protein intake and lean mass retention, only two supported this hypothesis. CONCLUSION There is insufficient evidence of the effect of dietary protein on serum protein levels. Further studies are needed to better estimate the protein intake that supports a healthy nutritional status in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kiyomi Ito
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Leite Campos Martins Faria
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. .,Gastrocirurgia de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
| | - Violeta Moizé
- Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - André Luís Porporatti
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence-based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Science Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence-based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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Partearroyo T, Samaniego-Vaesken MDL, Ruiz E, Olza J, Aranceta-Bartrina J, Gil Á, González-Gross M, Ortega RM, Serra-Majem L, Varela-Moreiras G. Dietary sources and intakes of folates and vitamin B12 in the Spanish population: Findings from the ANIBES study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189230. [PMID: 29244867 PMCID: PMC5731688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Folates and vitamin B12 are key nutrients in one-carbon metabolism and related diseases. Updated and plausible information on population intakes and their major dietary sources is scarce and urgently needed in Spain in order to increase the knowledge that can lead as previous step to prevention by fortification and supplementation policies. Aims The present study aims to evaluate main dietary folate and vitamin B12 sources and intakes in the Spanish population. Materials and methods Results were derived from the ANIBES cross-sectional study using a nationally representative sample of the Spanish population (9–75 years, n = 2,009). Results Food groups with the highest mean proportional contribution to total folate intakes in both males and females were vegetables (21.7–24.9%) and cereals (10.7–11.2%), while meat and meat products (26.4%) and milk and dairy products (27.3%) were for B12. Total median folate and B12 intakes amongst women were 156.3 μg/d and 4.0 μg/d while for men were 163.6 μg/d and 4.5 μg/d, respectively. In all age groups, vitamin intakes were significantly higher in plausible than in non-plausible energy reporters. Conclusion A limited number of participants had adequate folate intakes, whereas vitamin B12 intakes were adequate for practically the entire population. There is a clear need for improving folates intake in the Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Partearroyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emma Ruiz
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josune Olza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Aranceta-Bartrina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madrid Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II and Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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