201
|
Rashidi B, Malekzadeh M, Goodarzi M, Masoudifar A, Mirzaei H. Green tea and its anti-angiogenesis effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:949-956. [PMID: 28292023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new blood vessels from a pre-existing vasculature (also known as angiogenesis) is required for many physiological processes including embryogenesis and post-natal growth. However, pathological angiogenesis is also a hallmark of cancer and many ischaemic and inflammatory diseases. The pro-angiogenic members of the VEGF family (vascular endothelial growth factor family), VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and placental growth factor (PlGF), and the related receptors, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 have a central and decisive role in angiogenesis. Indeed, they are the targets for anti-angiogenic drugs currently approved. Green tea (from the Camellia sinensis plant) is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is able to inhibit angiogenesis by different mechanisms such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Green tea and its polyphenolic substances (like catechins) show chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic features in various types of cancer and experimental models for human cancers. The tea catechins, including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have multiple effects on the cellular proteome and signalome. Note that the polyphenolic compounds from green tea are able to change the miRNA expression profile associated with angiogenesis in various cancer types. This review focuses on the ability of the green tea constituents to suppress angiogenesis signaling and it summarizes the mechanisms by which EGCG might inhibit the VEGF family. We also highlighted the miRNAs affected by green tea which are involved in anti-angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Goodarzi
- Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KULeuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Aria Masoudifar
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Chui A, Gunatillake T, Brennecke SP, Ignjatovic V, Monagle PT, Whitelock JM, van Zanten DE, Eijsink J, Wang Y, Deane J, Borg AJ, Stevenson J, Erwich JJ, Said JM, Murthi P. Expression of Biglycan in First Trimester Chorionic Villous Sampling Placental Samples and Altered Function in Telomerase-Immortalized Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1168-1179. [PMID: 28408374 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biglycan (BGN) has reduced expression in placentae from pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). We used first trimester placental samples from pregnancies with later small for gestational age (SGA) infants as a surrogate for FGR. The functional consequences of reduced BGN and the downstream targets of BGN were determined. Furthermore, the expression of targets was validated in primary placental endothelial cells isolated from FGR or control pregnancies. APPROACH AND RESULTS: BGN expression was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction in placental tissues collected during chorionic villous sampling performed at 10 to 12 weeks' gestation from pregnancies that had known clinical outcomes, including SGA. Short-interference RNA reduced BGN expression in telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells, and the effect on proliferation, angiogenesis, and thrombin generation was determined. An angiogenesis array identified downstream targets of BGN, and their expression in control and FGR primary placental endothelial cells was validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Reduced BGN expression was observed in SGA placental tissues. BGN reduction decreased network formation of telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells but did not affect thrombin generation or cellular proliferation. The array identified target genes, which were further validated: angiopoetin 4 (ANGPT4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA), tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15), angiogenin (ANG), serpin family C member 1 (SERPIN1), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), and CXC motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) in telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells and primary placental endothelial cells obtained from control and FGR pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS This study reports a temporal relationship between altered placental BGN expression and subsequent development of SGA. Reduction of BGN in vascular endothelial cells leads to disrupted network formation and alterations in the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis. Therefore, differential expression of these may contribute to aberrant angiogenesis in SGA pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Chui
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.).
| | - Tilini Gunatillake
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Shaun P Brennecke
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Vera Ignjatovic
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Paul T Monagle
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - John M Whitelock
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Dagmar E van Zanten
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Jasper Eijsink
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Yao Wang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - James Deane
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Anthony J Borg
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Janet Stevenson
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Jan Jaap Erwich
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Joanne M Said
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Padma Murthi
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Sawaguchi S, Varshney S, Ogawa M, Sakaidani Y, Yagi H, Takeshita K, Murohara T, Kato K, Sundaram S, Stanley P, Okajima T. O-GlcNAc on NOTCH1 EGF repeats regulates ligand-induced Notch signaling and vascular development in mammals. eLife 2017; 6:e24419. [PMID: 28395734 PMCID: PMC5388531 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosyltransferase EOGT transfers O-GlcNAc to a consensus site in epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats of a limited number of secreted and membrane proteins, including Notch receptors. In EOGT-deficient cells, the binding of DLL1 and DLL4, but not JAG1, canonical Notch ligands was reduced, and ligand-induced Notch signaling was impaired. Mutagenesis of O-GlcNAc sites on NOTCH1 also resulted in decreased binding of DLL4. EOGT functions were investigated in retinal angiogenesis that depends on Notch signaling. Global or endothelial cell-specific deletion of Eogt resulted in defective retinal angiogenesis, with a mild phenotype similar to that caused by reduced Notch signaling in retina. Combined deficiency of different Notch1 mutant alleles exacerbated the abnormalities in Eogt-/- retina, and Notch target gene expression was decreased in Eogt-/-endothelial cells. Thus, O-GlcNAc on EGF repeats of Notch receptors mediates ligand-induced Notch signaling required in endothelial cells for optimal vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shweta Varshney
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakaidani
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Subha Sundaram
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Yap/Taz transcriptional activity is essential for vascular regression via Ctgf expression and actin polymerization. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174633. [PMID: 28369143 PMCID: PMC5378338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular regression is essential to remove redundant vessels during the formation of an efficient vascular network that can transport oxygen and nutrient to every corner of the body. However, no mechanism is known to explain how major blood vessels regress during development. Here we use the dorsal part of the caudal vein plexus (dCVP) in Zebrafish to investigate the mechanism of regression and discover a new role of Yap/Taz in vascular regression. During regression, Yap/Taz is activated by blood circulation in the endothelial cells. This leads to induction of Ctgf and actin polymerization. Interference with Yap/Taz activation decreased Ctgf production, which decreased actin polymerization and vascular regression. These results implicate a novel role of Yap/Taz in vascular regression.
Collapse
|
205
|
Mao R, Meng S, Gu Q, Araujo-Gutierrez R, Kumar S, Yan Q, Almazan F, Youker KA, Fu Y, Pownall HJ, Cooke JP, Miller YI, Fang L. AIBP Limits Angiogenesis Through γ-Secretase-Mediated Upregulation of Notch Signaling. Circ Res 2017; 120:1727-1739. [PMID: 28325782 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Angiogenesis improves perfusion to the ischemic tissue after acute vascular obstruction. Angiogenesis in pathophysiological settings reactivates signaling pathways involved in developmental angiogenesis. We showed previously that AIBP (apolipoprotein A-I [apoA-I]-binding protein)-regulated cholesterol efflux in endothelial cells controls zebra fish embryonic angiogenesis. OBJECTIVE This study is to determine whether loss of AIBP affects angiogenesis in mice during development and under pathological conditions and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS In this article, we report the generation of AIBP knockout (Apoa1bp-/-) mice, which are characterized of accelerated postnatal retinal angiogenesis. Mechanistically, AIBP triggered relocalization of γ-secretase from lipid rafts to nonlipid rafts where it cleaved Notch. Consistently, AIBP treatment enhanced DLL4 (delta-like ligand 4)-stimulated Notch activation in human retinal endothelial cells. Increasing high-density lipoprotein levels in Apoa1bp-/- mice by crossing them with apoA-I transgenic mice rescued Notch activation and corrected dysregulated retinal angiogenesis. Notably, the retinal vessels in Apoa1bp-/- mice manifested normal pericyte coverage and vascular integrity. Similarly, in the subcutaneous Matrigel plug assay, which mimics ischemic/inflammatory neovascularization, angiogenesis was dramatically upregulated in Apoa1bp-/- mice and associated with a profound inhibition of Notch activation and reduced expression of downstream targets. Furthermore, loss of AIBP increased vascular density and facilitated the recovery of blood vessel perfusion function in a murine hindlimb ischemia model. In addition, AIBP expression was significantly increased in human patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a novel mechanistic connection between AIBP-mediated cholesterol metabolism and Notch signaling, implicating AIBP as a possible druggable target to modulate angiogenesis under pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renfang Mao
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Shu Meng
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Qilin Gu
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Raquel Araujo-Gutierrez
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Qing Yan
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Felicidad Almazan
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Keith A Youker
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Yingbin Fu
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Henry J Pownall
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - John P Cooke
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Yury I Miller
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.)
| | - Longhou Fang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (R.M., S.M., Q.G., R.A.-G., Q.Y., J.P.C., L.F.), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology (R.A.-G., K.A.Y.), Department of Bioenergetics (H.J.P.), Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K., Y.F.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (F.A., Y.I.M.).
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Heinolainen K, Karaman S, D'Amico G, Tammela T, Sormunen R, Eklund L, Alitalo K, Zarkada G. VEGFR3 Modulates Vascular Permeability by Controlling VEGF/VEGFR2 Signaling. Circ Res 2017; 120:1414-1425. [PMID: 28298294 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.310477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the main driver of angiogenesis and vascular permeability via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), whereas lymphangiogenesis signals are transduced by VEGFC/D via VEGFR3. VEGFR3 also regulates sprouting angiogenesis and blood vessel growth, but to what extent VEGFR3 signaling controls blood vessel permeability remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of VEGFR3 in the regulation of VEGF-induced vascular permeability. METHODS AND RESULTS Long-term global Vegfr3 gene deletion in adult mice resulted in increased fibrinogen deposition in lungs and kidneys, indicating enhanced vascular leakage at the steady state. Short-term deletion of Vegfr3 in blood vascular endothelial cells increased baseline leakage in various tissues, as well as in tumors, and exacerbated vascular permeability in response to VEGF, administered via intradermal adenoviral delivery or through systemic injection of recombinant protein. VEGFR3 gene silencing upregulated VEGFR2 protein levels and phosphorylation in cultured endothelial cells. Consistent with elevated VEGFR2 activity, vascular endothelial cadherin showed reduced localization at endothelial cell-cell junctions in postnatal retinas after Vegfr3 deletion, or after VEGFR3 silencing in cultured endothelial cells. Furthermore, concurrent deletion of Vegfr2 prevented VEGF-induced excessive vascular leakage in mice lacking Vegfr3. CONCLUSIONS VEGFR3 limits VEGFR2 expression and VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway activity in quiescent and angiogenic blood vascular endothelial cells, thereby preventing excessive vascular permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista Heinolainen
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Sinem Karaman
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Tuomas Tammela
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Raija Sormunen
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Lauri Eklund
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Georgia Zarkada
- From the Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.H., S.K., G.D'A., T.T., K.A., G.Z.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland (R.S.); and Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.).
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Trindade A, Djokovic D, Gigante J, Mendonça L, Duarte A. Endothelial Dll4 overexpression reduces vascular response and inhibits tumor growth and metastasization in vivo. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:189. [PMID: 28288569 PMCID: PMC5348880 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibition of Delta-like 4 (Dll4)/Notch signaling has been shown to result in excessive, nonfunctional vessel proliferation and significant tumor growth suppression. However, safety concerns emerged with the identification of side effects resulting from chronic Dll4/Notch blockade. Alternatively, we explored the endothelial Dll4 overexpression using different mouse tumor models. METHODS We used a transgenic mouse model of endothelial-specific Dll4 overexpression, previously produced. Growth kinetics and vascular histopathology of several types of solid tumors was evaluated, namely Lewis Lung Carcinoma xenografts, chemically-induced skin papillomas and RIP1-Tag2 insulinomas. RESULTS We found that increased Dll4/Notch signaling reduces tumor growth by reducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial proliferation, tumor vessel density and overall tumor blood supply. In addition, Dll4 overexpression consistently improved tumor vascular maturation and functionality, as indicated by increased vessel calibers, enhanced mural cell recruitment and increased network perfusion. Importantly, the tumor vessel normalization is not more effective than restricted vessel proliferation, but was found to prevent metastasis formation and allow for increased delivery to the tumor of concomitant chemotherapy, improving its efficacy. CONCLUSIONS By reducing endothelial sensitivity to VEGF, these results imply that Dll4/Notch stimulation in tumor microenvironment could be beneficial to solid cancer patient treatment by reducing primary tumor size, improving tumor drug delivery and reducing metastization. Endothelial specific Dll4 overexpression thus appears as a promising anti-angiogenic modality that might improve cancer control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Trindade
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dusan Djokovic
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Serviço de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de São Francisco Xavier, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Gigante
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Liliana Mendonça
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Duarte
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Zhou Y, Shan S, Li ZB, Xin LJ, Pan DS, Yang QJ, Liu YP, Yue XP, Liu XR, Gao JZ, Zhang JW, Ning ZQ, Lu XP. CS2164, a novel multi-target inhibitor against tumor angiogenesis, mitosis and chronic inflammation with anti-tumor potency. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:469-477. [PMID: 28004478 PMCID: PMC5378272 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenic pathway have provided improvement for clinical treatment in patients with various solid tumors, the still very limited anti-cancer efficacy and acquired drug resistance demand new agents that may offer better clinical benefits. In the effort to find a small molecule potentially targeting several key pathways for tumor development, we designed, discovered and evaluated a novel multi-kinase inhibitor, CS2164. CS2164 inhibited the angiogenesis-related kinases (VEGFR2, VEGFR1, VEGFR3, PDGFRα and c-Kit), mitosis-related kinase Aurora B and chronic inflammation-related kinase CSF-1R in a high potency manner with the IC50 at a single-digit nanomolar range. Consequently, CS2164 displayed anti-angiogenic activities through suppression of VEGFR/PDGFR phosphorylation, inhibition of ligand-dependent cell proliferation and capillary tube formation, and prevention of vasculature formation in tumor tissues. CS2164 also showed induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and suppression of cell proliferation in tumor tissues through the inhibition of Aurora B-mediated H3 phosphorylation. Furthermore, CS2164 demonstrated the inhibitory effect on CSF-1R phosphorylation that led to the suppression of ligand-stimulated monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and reduced CSF-1R+ cells in tumor tissues. The in vivo animal efficacy studies revealed that CS2164 induced remarkable regression or complete inhibition of tumor growth at well-tolerated oral doses in several human tumor xenograft models. Collectively, these results indicate that CS2164 is a highly selective multi-kinase inhibitor with potent anti-tumor activities against tumor angiogenesis, mitosis and chronic inflammation, which may provide the rationale for further clinical assessment of CS2164 as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Shan
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Li
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Jun Xin
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - De-Si Pan
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Jiao Yang
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Ping Liu
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Peng Yue
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Liu
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Zhou Gao
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Wen Zhang
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ning
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Ping Lu
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Siska PJ, Beckermann KE, Rathmell WK, Haake SM. Strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance in renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2017; 35:102-110. [PMID: 28089416 PMCID: PMC5318278 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell cancer (RCC) is a prevalent and lethal disease. At time of diagnosis, most patients present with localized disease. For these patients, the standard of care includes nephrectomy with close monitoring thereafter. While many patients will be cured, 5-year recurrence rates range from 30% to 60%. Furthermore, nearly one-third of patients present with metastatic disease at time of diagnosis. Metastatic disease is rarely curable and typically lethal. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation alone are incapable of controlling the disease. Extensive effort was expended in the development of cytokine therapies but response rates remain low. Newer agents targeting angiogenesis and mTOR signaling emerged in the 2000s and revolutionized patient care. While these agents improve progression free survival, the development of resistance is nearly universal. A new era of immunotherapy is now emerging, led by the checkpoint inhibitors. However, therapeutic resistance remains a complex issue that is likely to persist. METHODS AND PURPOSE In this review, we systematically evaluate preclinical research and clinical trials that address resistance to the primary RCC therapies, including anti-angiogenesis agents, mTOR inhibitors, and immunotherapies. As clear cell RCC is the most common adult kidney cancer and has been the focus of most studies, it will be the focus of this review.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/therapy
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Disease Progression
- Disease-Free Survival
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Kidney/blood supply
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/immunology
- Kidney Neoplasms/mortality
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Nephrectomy
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Siska
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 646, Nashville, TN 37232. TEL: (615) 936-2003; FAX: (615) 343-7602.
| | - Kathryn E Beckermann
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 646, Nashville, TN 37232. TEL: (615) 936-2003; FAX: (615) 343-7602.
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 777, Nashville, TN 37232. TEL: (615) 322-4967; FAX: (615) 343-7602.
| | - Scott M Haake
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 777, Nashville, TN 37232. TEL: (615) 322-4967; FAX: (615) 343-7602.
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in morphogenesis, cancer progression and angiogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2017; 353:1-5. [PMID: 28257786 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
All organs consist of an epithelium and an associated mesenchyme, so these epithelial-mesenchymal intercations are among the most important phenomena in nature. The aim of this article is the summarize the common mechanisms involved in the establishment of epithelial mesenchymal transition in three biological processes, namely organogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis, and angiogenesis, apparently independent each from other. A common feature of these processes is the fact that specialized epithelial cells lose their features, including cell adhesion and polarity, reorganize their cytoskeleton, and acquire a mesenchymal morphology and the ability to migrate.
Collapse
|
211
|
Crist AM, Young C, Meadows SM. Characterization of arteriovenous identity in the developing neonate mouse retina. Gene Expr Patterns 2017; 23-24:22-31. [PMID: 28167138 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The murine retina has become an ideal model to study blood vessel formation. Blood vessels in the retina undergo various processes, including remodeling and differentiation, to form a stereotypical network that consists of precisely patterned arteries and veins. This model presents a powerful tool for understanding many different aspects of angiogenesis including artery and vein (AV) cell fate acquisition and differentiation. However, characterization of AV differentiation has been largely unexplored in the mouse retinal model. In this study, we describe the expression of previously established AV markers and assess arteriovenous acquisition and identity in the murine neonatal retina. Using in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent antibody staining techniques, we analyzed numerous AV differentiation markers such as EphB4-EphrinB2 and members of the Notch pathway. We find that at postnatal day 3 (P3), when blood vessels are beginning to populate the retina, AV identity is not immediately established. However, by P5 expression of many molecular identifiers of arteries and veins become restricted to their respective vessel types. This molecular distinction is more obvious at P7 and remains unchanged through P9. Overall, these studies indicate that, similar to the embryo, acquisition of AV identity occurs in a step-wise process and is largely established by P7 during retina development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Crist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, USA
| | - Chandler Young
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
212
|
Dufies M, Giuliano S, Ambrosetti D, Claren A, Ndiaye PD, Mastri M, Moghrabi W, Cooley LS, Ettaiche M, Chamorey E, Parola J, Vial V, Lupu-Plesu M, Bernhard JC, Ravaud A, Borchiellini D, Ferrero JM, Bikfalvi A, Ebos JM, Khabar KS, Grépin R, Pagès G. Sunitinib Stimulates Expression of VEGFC by Tumor Cells and Promotes Lymphangiogenesis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1212-1226. [PMID: 28087600 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib is an antiangiogenic therapy given as a first-line treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While treatment improves progression-free survival, most patients relapse. We hypothesized that patient relapse can stem from the development of a lymphatic network driven by the production of the main growth factor for lymphatic endothelial cells, VEGFC. In this study, we found that sunitinib can stimulate vegfc gene transcription and increase VEGFC mRNA half-life. In addition, sunitinib activated p38 MAPK, which resulted in the upregulation/activity of HuR and inactivation of tristetraprolin, two AU-rich element-binding proteins. Sunitinib stimulated a VEGFC-dependent development of lymphatic vessels in experimental tumors. This may explain our findings of increased lymph node invasion and new metastatic sites in 30% of sunitinib-treated patients and increased lymphatic vessels found in 70% of neoadjuvant treated patients. In summary, a therapy dedicated to destroying tumor blood vessels induced the development of lymphatic vessels, which may have contributed to the treatment failure. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1212-26. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Dufies
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Audrey Claren
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Radiotherapy Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Papa Diogop Ndiaye
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Michalis Mastri
- Center for Genetics and Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Walid Moghrabi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marc Ettaiche
- Statistics Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | | | - Julien Parola
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Valerie Vial
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Marilena Lupu-Plesu
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | | | - Alain Ravaud
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - John M Ebos
- Center for Genetics and Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Khalid Saad Khabar
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renaud Grépin
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Gilles Pagès
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France.
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Rudno-Rudzińska J, Kielan W, Frejlich E, Kotulski K, Hap W, Kurnol K, Dzierżek P, Zawadzki M, Hałoń A. A review on Eph/ephrin, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in gastric, colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Chin J Cancer Res 2017; 29:303-312. [PMID: 28947862 PMCID: PMC5592818 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2017.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythroprotein-producing human hepatocellular carcinoma receptors (Eph receptors) compose a subfamily of transmembrane protein-tyrosine kinases receptors that takes part in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Eph family receptor-interacting proteins (Ephrins) are ligands for those receptors. Eph/ephrin system is responsible for the cytoskeleton activity, cell adhesion, intercellular connection, cellular shape as well as cell motility. It affects neuron development and functioning, bone and glucose homeostasis, immune system and correct function of enterocytes. Moreover Eph/ephrin system is one of the crucial ones in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. With such a wide range of impact it is clear that disturbed function of this system leads to pathology. Eph/ephrin system is involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Although the idea of participation of ephrin in carcinogenesis is obvious, the exact way remains unclear because of complex bi-directional signaling and cross-talks with other pathways. Further studies are necessary to find a new target for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wojciech Hap
- 2-nd Department of General and Oncological Surgery
| | | | | | - Marcin Zawadzki
- 2-nd Department of General and Oncological Surgery.,Pathology Department, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
214
|
Consolino L, Longo DL, Sciortino M, Dastrù W, Cabodi S, Giovenzana GB, Aime S. Assessing tumor vascularization as a potential biomarker of imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:629-639. [PMID: 27995483 PMCID: PMC5486478 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop resistance to the first-line imatinib treatment. Recently, increased vessel density and angiogenic markers were reported in GISTs with a poor prognosis, suggesting that angiogenesis is implicated in GIST tumor progression and resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor vasculature and imatinib resistance in different GIST mouse models using a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional approach. METHODS Immunodeficient mice (n = 8 for each cell line) were grafted with imatinib-sensitive (GIST882 and GIST-T1) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430) human cell lines. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was performed on GIST xenografts to quantify tumor vessel permeability (K trans) and vascular volume fraction (v p). Microvessel density (MVD), permeability (mean dextran density, MDD), and angiogenic markers were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. RESULTS Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed significantly increased vessel density (P < 0.0001) and permeability (P = 0.0002) in imatinib-resistant tumors compared to imatinib-sensitive ones. Strong positive correlations were observed between MRI estimates, K trans and v p, and their related ex vivo values, MVD (r = 0.78 for K trans and r = 0.82 for v p) and MDD (r = 0.77 for K trans and r = 0.94 for v p). In addition, higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR2 and VEFGR3) was seen in GIST430. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging highlighted marked differences in tumor vasculature and microenvironment properties between imatinib-resistant and imatinib-sensitive GISTs, as also confirmed by ex vivo assays. These results provide new insights into the role that DCE-MRI could play in GIST characterization and response to GIST treatment. Validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,CAGE Chemicals srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council of Italy (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnologies Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marianna Sciortino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Cabodi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Giovenzana
- CAGE Chemicals srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy ,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Richter A, Skerra A. Anticalins directed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) with picomolar affinities show potential for medical therapy and in vivo imaging. Biol Chem 2017; 398:39-55. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Members of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family play a central role in angiogenesis as well as lymphangiogenesis and are crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. In particular, VEGFR-3 expression is induced in endothelial cells during tumor angiogenesis. We report the design of anticalins that specifically recognize the ligand-binding domains 1 and 2 of VEGFR-3. To this end, a library of the lipocalin 2 scaffold with 20 randomized positions distributed across its binding site was subjected to phage display selection and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening using the VEGF-C binding fragment (D1-2) or the entire extracellular region (D1-7) of VEGFR-3 as target proteins. Promising anticalin candidates were produced in Escherichia coli and biochemically characterized. Three variants with different receptor binding modes were identified, and two of them were optimized with regard to target affinity as well as folding efficiency. The resulting anticalins show dissociation constants down to the single-digit picomolar range. Specific recognition of VEGFR-3 on cells was demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy. Competitive binding versus VEGF-C was demonstrated for two of the anticalins with Ki values in the low nanomolar range. Based on these data, VEGFR-3 specific anticalins provide promising reagents for the diagnosis and/or therapeutic intervention of tumor-associated vessel growth.
Collapse
|
216
|
|
217
|
Padberg Y, Schulte-Merker S, van Impel A. The lymphatic vasculature revisited-new developments in the zebrafish. Methods Cell Biol 2016; 138:221-238. [PMID: 28129845 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is lined by endothelial cells and part of the vasculature. It is essential for tissue fluid homeostasis, absorption of dietary fats, and immune surveillance in vertebrates. Misregulation of lymphatic vessel formation and dysfunction of the lymphatic system have been indicated in a number of pathological conditions including lymphedema formation, obesity or chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In zebrafish, lymphatics were discovered about 10years ago, and the underlying molecular pathways involved in its development have since been studied in detail. Due to its superior live cell imaging possibilities and the broad tool kit for forward and reverse genetics, the zebrafish has become an important model organism to study the development of the lymphatic system during early embryonic development. In the current review, we will focus on the key players during zebrafish lymphangiogenesis and compare the roles of these genes to their mammalian counterparts. In particular, we will focus on novel findings that shed new light on the molecular mechanisms of lymphatic cell fate specification, as well as sprouting and migration of lymphatic precursor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Padberg
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC M 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - S Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC M 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - A van Impel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC M 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Zhao D, Xue C, Lin S, Shi S, Li Q, Liu M, Cai X, Lin Y. Notch Signaling Pathway Regulates Angiogenesis via Endothelial Cell in 3D Co-Culture Model. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1548-1558. [PMID: 27861873 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of Notch signaling pathway for angiogenesis in a three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel model with co-culture of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). A 3D collagen gel model was established in vitro by implanting both ASCs from green fluorescent protein-labeled mouse and ECs from red fluorescent protein-labeled mouse, and the phenomena of angiogenesis with Notch signaling inducer Jagged1, inhibitor DAPT and PBS, respectively were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Semi-quantitative PCR and immunofluorescent staining were conducted to detect expressions of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins. Angiogenesis in the co-culture gels was promoted by Jagged1 treatment while attenuated by DAPT treatment, compared to control group. In co-culture system of ASCs and ECs, the gene expressions of VEGFA, VEGFB, Notch1, Notch2, Hes1, Hey1, VEGFR1,and the protein expression of VEGFA, VEGFB, Notch1, Hes1, Hey1 were increased by Jagged1 treatment and decreased by DAPT treatment in ECs. And the result of VEGFR3 was the opposite. However, the same results did not appear completely in ASCs. These results revealed the VEGFA/B-Notch1/2-Hes1/Hey1- VEGFR1/3 signal axis played an important role in angiogenesis when ASCs and ECs were co-cultured in a 3D collagen gel model. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1548-1558, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Changyue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qianshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Chen J, Zhu RF, Li FF, Liang YL, Wang C, Qin YW, Huang S, Zhao XX, Jing Q. MicroRNA-126a Directs Lymphangiogenesis Through Interacting With Chemokine and Flt4 Signaling in Zebrafish. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2381-2393. [PMID: 27789478 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an endothelium-enriched miRNA and functions in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. The application of miRNA as potential biomarker and therapy target has been widely investigated in various pathological processes. However, its role in lymphatic diseases had not been widely explored. We aimed to reveal the role of miR-126 in lymphangiogenesis and the regulatory signaling pathways for potential targets of therapy. APPROACH AND RESULTS Loss-of-function studies using morpholino oligonucleotides and CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) system showed that silencing of miR-126a severely affected the formation of parachordal lymphangioblasts and thoracic duct in zebrafish embryos, although their development in miR-126b knockdown embryos was normal. Expression analyses by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence indicated that miR-126a was expressed in lymphatic vessels, as well as in blood vessels. Time-lapse confocal imaging assay further revealed that knockdown of miR-126a blocked both lymphangiogenic sprouts budding from the posterior cardinal vein and lymphangioblasts extension along horizontal myoseptum. Bioinformatics analysis and in vivo report assay identified that miR-126a upregulated Cxcl12a by targeting its 5' untranslated region. Moreover, loss- and gain-of-function studies revealed that Cxcl12a signaling acted downstream of miR-126a during parachordal lymphangioblast extension, whereby Flt4 signaling acts as a cooperator of miR-126a, allowing it to modulate lymphangiogenic sprout formation. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that miR-126a directs lymphatic endothelial cell sprouting and extension by interacting with Cxcl12a-mediated chemokine signaling and Vegfc-Flt4 signal axis. Our results suggest that these key regulators of lymphangiogenesis may be involved in lymphatic pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Rong-Fang Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Yu-Lai Liang
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Chen Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Yong-Wen Qin
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Shuang Huang
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Xian-Xian Zhao
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.)
| | - Qing Jing
- From the Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.C., R.-F.Z., F.-F.L., Y.-L.L., C.W., Q.J.); and Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China (Y.-W.Q., S.H., X.-X.Z., Q.J.).
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Nagasawa-Masuda A, Terai K. ERK activation in endothelial cells is a novel marker during neovasculogenesis. Genes Cells 2016; 21:1164-1175. [PMID: 27696620 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenesis is essential during early development to construct networks transporting oxygen, blood and nutrients. Tip and stalk cells are specialized endothelial cells involved in novel vessel formation because of their behavior such as sprouting as a leading cell and following tip cell. However, the spatiotemporal details determining the emergence of these cells are unknown. Here, we first show that the ERK activity in endothelial cells represents the precursor of tip and stalk cells for vasculogenesis in zebrafish. We identified that tip and stalk cells for intersegmental vessel (ISV) formation were already specialized in the dorsal aorta (DA) before sprouting. Furthermore, similar specialization was observed in tip cells during parachordal vessel (PAV) formation in lymphangiogenesis. We also identified that the ERK activity was required for specialized cells to emerge from existing blood vessels. Our data show that the ERK activity is a novel marker for determining the emergence of cells in both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Nagasawa-Masuda
- Laboratory of Function and Morphology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kenta Terai
- Laboratory of Function and Morphology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Nguyen DT, Fan Y, Akay YM, Akay M. TNP-470 Reduces Glioblastoma Angiogenesis in Three Dimensional GelMA Microwell Platform. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2016; 15:683-688. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2016.2600542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
222
|
Michaloski JS, Redondo AR, Magalhães LS, Cambui CC, Giordano RJ. Discovery of pan-VEGF inhibitory peptides directed to the extracellular ligand-binding domains of the VEGF receptors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600611. [PMID: 27819042 PMCID: PMC5091360 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key molecules in numerous cellular processes, the inhibitors of which play an important role in the clinic. Among them are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members and their receptors (VEGFR), which are essential in the formation of new blood vessels by angiogenesis. Anti-VEGF therapy has already shown promising results in oncology and ophthalmology, but one of the challenges in the field is the design of specific small-molecule inhibitors for these receptors. We show the identification and characterization of small 6-mer peptides that target the extracellular ligand-binding domain of all three VEGF receptors. These peptides specifically prevent the binding of VEGF family members to all three receptors and downstream signaling but do not affect other angiogenic RTKs and their ligands. One of the selected peptides was also very effective at preventing pathological angiogenesis in a mouse model of retinopathy, normalizing the vasculature to levels similar to those of a normal developing retina. Collectively, our results suggest that these peptides are pan-VEGF inhibitors directed at a common binding pocket shared by all three VEGFRs. These peptides and the druggable binding site they target might be important for the development of novel and selective small-molecule, extracellular ligand-binding inhibitors of RTKs (eTKIs) for angiogenic-dependent diseases.
Collapse
|
223
|
Virtej A, Papadakou P, Sasaki H, Bletsa A, Berggreen E. VEGFR-2 reduces while combined VEGFR-2 and -3 signaling increases inflammation in apical periodontitis. J Oral Microbiol 2016; 8:32433. [PMID: 27650043 PMCID: PMC5030260 DOI: 10.3402/jom.v8.32433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In apical periodontitis, oral pathogens provoke an inflammatory response in the apical area that induces bone resorptive lesions. In inflammation, angio- and lymphangiogenesis take place. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are key players in these processes and are expressed in immune cells and endothelial cells in the lesions. OBJECTIVE We aimed at testing the role of VEGFR-2 and -3 in periapical lesion development and investigated their role in lymphangiogenesis in the draining lymph nodes. DESIGN We induced lesions by pulp exposure in the lower first molars of C57BL/6 mice. The mice received IgG injections or blocking antibodies against VEGFR-2 (anti-R2), VEGFR-3 (anti-R3), or combined VEGFR-2 and -3, starting on day 0 until day 10 or 21 post-exposure. RESULTS Lesions developed faster in the anti-R2 and anti-R3 group than in the control and anti-R2/R3 groups. In the anti-R2 group, a strong inflammatory response was found expressed as increased number of neutrophils and osteoclasts. A decreased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was found in the anti-R2/R3 group. Lymphangiogenesis in the draining lymph nodes was inhibited after blocking of VEGFR-2 and/or -3, while the largest lymph node size was seen after anti-R2 treatment. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate an anti-inflammatory effect of VEGFR-2 signaling in periapical lesions which seems to involve neutrophil regulation and is independent of angiogenesis. Combined signaling of VEGFR-2 and -3 has a pro-inflammatory effect. Lymph node lymphangiogenesis is promoted through activation of VEGFR-2 and/or VEGFR-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Virtej
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;
| | | | - Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Athanasia Bletsa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Berggreen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Shin M, Male I, Beane TJ, Villefranc JA, Kok FO, Zhu LJ, Lawson ND. Vegfc acts through ERK to induce sprouting and differentiation of trunk lymphatic progenitors. Development 2016; 143:3785-3795. [PMID: 27621059 DOI: 10.1242/dev.137901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor C (Vegfc) activates its receptor, Flt4, to induce lymphatic development. However, the signals that act downstream of Flt4 in this context in vivo remain unclear. To understand Flt4 signaling better, we generated zebrafish bearing a deletion in the Flt4 cytoplasmic domain that eliminates tyrosines Y1226 and 1227. Embryos bearing this deletion failed to initiate sprouting or differentiation of trunk lymphatic vessels and did not form a thoracic duct. Deletion of Y1226/7 prevented ERK phosphorylation in lymphatic progenitors, and ERK inhibition blocked trunk lymphatic sprouting and differentiation. Conversely, endothelial autonomous ERK activation rescued lymphatic sprouting and differentiation in flt4 mutants. Interestingly, embryos bearing the Y1226/7 deletion formed a functional facial lymphatic network enabling them to develop normally to adulthood. By contrast, flt4 null larvae displayed hypoplastic facial lymphatics and severe lymphedema. Thus, facial lymphatic vessels appear to be the first functional lymphatic network in the zebrafish, whereas the thoracic duct is initially dispensable for lymphatic function. Moreover, distinct signaling pathways downstream of Flt4 govern lymphatic morphogenesis and differentiation in different anatomical locations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ira Male
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Timothy J Beane
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jacques A Villefranc
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Fatma O Kok
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lihua J Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Tinning AR, Jensen BL, Johnsen I, Chen D, Coffman TM, Madsen K. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling is necessary for expansion of medullary microvessels during postnatal kidney development. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F586-99. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00221.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal inhibition or deletion of angiotensin II (ANG II) AT1 receptors impairs renal medullary mircrovascular development through a mechanism that may include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The present study was designed to test if VEGF/VEGF receptor signaling is necessary for the development of the renal medullary microcirculation. Endothelial cell-specific immunolabeling of kidney sections from rats showed immature vascular bundles at postnatal day (P) 10 with subsequent expansion of bundles until P21. Medullary VEGF protein abundance coincided with vasa recta bundle formation. In human fetal kidney tissue, immature vascular bundles appeared early in the third trimester (GA27-28) and expanded in size until term. Rat pups treated with the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor vandetanib (100 mg·kg−1·day−1) from P7 to P12 or P10 to P16 displayed growth retardation and proteinuria. Stereological quantification showed a significant reduction in total length (386 ± 13 vs. 219 ± 16 m), surface area, and volume of medullary microvessels. Vascular bundle architecture was unaffected. ANG II-AT1A/1B−/− mice kidneys displayed poorly defined vasa recta bundles whereas mice with collecting duct principal cell-specific AT1A deletion displayed no medullary microvascular phenotype. In conclusion, VEGFR2 signaling during postnatal development is necessary for expansion of the renal medullary microcirculation but not structural patterning of the vasa recta bundles, which occurs through an AT1-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne R. Tinning
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Boye L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Iben Johnsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and
| | - Daian Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M. Coffman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kirsten Madsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Lanier V, Gillespie C, Leffers M, Daley-Brown D, Milner J, Lipsey C, Webb N, Anderson LM, Newman G, Waltenberger J, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Leptin-induced transphosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor increases Notch and stimulates endothelial cell angiogenic transformation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 79:139-150. [PMID: 27590851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Leptin increases vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), and Notch expression in cancer cells, and transphosphorylates VEGFR-2 in endothelial cells. However, the mechanisms involved in leptin's actions in endothelial cells are not completely known. Here we investigated whether a leptin-VEGFR-Notch axis is involved in these leptin's actions. To this end, human umbilical vein and porcine aortic endothelial cells (wild type and genetically modified to overexpress VEGFR-1 or -2) were cultured in the absence of VEGF and treated with leptin and inhibitors of Notch (gamma-secretase inhibitors: DAPT and S2188, and silencing RNA), VEGFR (kinase inhibitor: SU5416, and silencing RNA) and leptin receptor, OB-R (pegylated leptin peptide receptor antagonist 2: PEG-LPrA2). Interestingly, in the absence of VEGF, leptin induced the expression of several components of Notch signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Inhibition of VEGFR and Notch signaling significantly decreased leptin-induced S-phase progression, proliferation, and tube formation in endothelial cells. Moreover, leptin/OB-R induced transphosphorylation of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 was essential for leptin's effects. These results unveil for the first time a novel mechanism by which leptin could induce angiogenic features via upregulation/trans-activation of VEGFR and downstream expression/activation of Notch in endothelial cells. Thus, high levels of leptin found in overweight and obese patients might lead to increased angiogenesis by activating VEGFR-Notch signaling crosstalk in endothelial cells. These observations might be highly relevant for obese patients with cancer, where leptin/VEGFR/Notch crosstalk could play an important role in cancer growth, and could be a new target for the control of tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Lanier
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Corey Gillespie
- Atlanta Technical College, Bioscience Technology Program, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | | | - Danielle Daley-Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Joy Milner
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Crystal Lipsey
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Nia Webb
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Leonard M Anderson
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Gale Newman
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | | | - Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Phase 1 study of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 monoclonal antibody LY3022856/IMC-3C5 in patients with advanced and refractory solid tumors and advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:815-24. [PMID: 27566701 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastasis of solid tumors to regional lymph nodes is facilitated by tumor lymphangiogenesis, which is primarily mediated by the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3). We conducted a phase 1 dose-escalation (part A) study of the VEGFR-3 human immunoglobulin G subclass 1 monoclonal antibody LY3022856 in advanced solid tumors, followed by a colorectal cancer (CRC) expansion (part B). METHODS Part A evaluated the safety profile and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of LY3022856 in patients treated intravenously at doses of 5-30 mg/kg weekly (qwk). Part B further evaluated tolerability in CRC patients treated with 30 mg/kg. Secondary objectives were pharmacokinetics, anti-tumor activity, and pharmacodynamics (exploratory). RESULTS A total of 44 patients (23 in part A; 21 in part B) were treated; only one dose-limiting toxicity was observed at the lowest dose level. The MTD was not reached. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade included in ≥15 % of all patients were: nausea (41 %), fatigue (32 %), vomiting (30 %), decreased appetite (27 %), pyrexia (25 %), peripheral edema (23 %), and urinary tract infection (UTI, 20 %). The most common grade 3/4 TEAEs included UTI and small intestinal obstruction (7 % each). No radiographic responses were noted. Median progression-free survival in part B was 6.3 weeks (95 % confidence interval: 5.1, 14.4), and a best overall response of stable disease was observed in 4 CRC patients (19.0 %). CONCLUSIONS LY3022856 was well tolerated up to a dose of 30 mg/kg qwk, but with minimal anti-tumor activity in CRC. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT01288989.
Collapse
|
228
|
Geng Y, Feng B. A small molecule-based strategy for endothelial differentiation and three-dimensional morphogenesis from human embryonic stem cells. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00133. [PMID: 27512727 PMCID: PMC4971129 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging models of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) self-organizing organoids provide a valuable in vitro platform for studying self-organizing processes that presumably mimic in vivo human developmental events. Here we report that through a chemical screen, we identified two novel and structurally similar small molecules BIR1 and BIR2 which robustly induced the self-organization of a balloon-shaped three-dimensional structure when applied to two-dimensional adherent hESC cultures in the absence of growth factors. Gene expression analyses and functional assays demonstrated an endothelial identity of this balloon-like structure, while cell surface marker analyses revealed a VE-cadherin(+)CD31(+)CD34(+)KDR(+)CD43(-) putative endothelial progenitor population. Furthermore, molecular marker labeling and morphological examinations characterized several other distinct DiI-Ac-LDL(+) multi-cellular modules and a VEGFR3(+) sprouting structure in the balloon cultures that likely represented intermediate structures of balloon-formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Geng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Bradley Feng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Abstract
During embryonic development, tissues undergo major rearrangements that lead to germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis. Often these morphogenetic movements are accomplished by the coordinated and cooperative migration of the constituent cells, referred to as collective cell migration. The molecular and biomechanical mechanisms underlying collective migration of developing tissues have been investigated in a variety of models, including border cell migration, tracheal branching, blood vessel sprouting, and the migration of the lateral line primordium, neural crest cells, or head mesendoderm. Here we review recent advances in understanding collective migration in these developmental models, focusing on the interaction between cells and guidance cues presented by the microenvironment and on the role of cell–cell adhesion in mechanical and behavioral coupling of cells within the collective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Scarpa
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Carpenter RL, Paw I, Zhu H, Sirkisoon S, Xing F, Watabe K, Debinski W, Lo HW. The gain-of-function GLI1 transcription factor TGLI1 enhances expression of VEGF-C and TEM7 to promote glioblastoma angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22653-65. [PMID: 26093087 PMCID: PMC4673189 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently discovered that truncated glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (TGLI1) is highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) and linked to increased GBM vascularity. The mechanisms underlying TGLI1-mediated angiogenesis are unclear. In this study, we compared TGLI1- with GLI1-expressing GBM xenografts for the expression profile of 84 angiogenesis-associated genes. The results showed that expression of six genes were upregulated and five were down-regulated in TGLI1-carrying tumors compared to those with GLI1. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and tumor endothelial marker 7 (TEM7) were selected for further investigations because of their significant correlations with high vascularity in 135 patient GBMs. TGLI1 bound to both VEGF-C and TEM7 gene promoters. Conditioned medium from TGLI1-expressing GBM cells strongly induced tubule formation of brain microvascular endothelial cells, and the induction was prevented by VEGF-C/TEM7 knockdown. Immunohistochemical analysis of 122 gliomas showed that TGLI1 expression was positively correlated with VEGF-C, TEM7 and microvessel density. Analysis of NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus datasets with 161 malignant gliomas showed an inverse relationship between tumoral VEGF-C, TEM7 or microvessel density and patient survival. Together, our findings support an important role that TGLI1 plays in GBM angiogenesis and identify VEGF-C and TEM7 as novel TGLI1 target genes of importance to GBM vascularity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Ivy Paw
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Hu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sherona Sirkisoon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
The Retinoid Agonist Tazarotene Promotes Angiogenesis and Wound Healing. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1745-1759. [PMID: 27480772 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis is a major goal of regenerative medicine, but no clinically approved small molecule exists that enhances new blood vessel formation. Here we show, using a phenotype-driven high-content imaging screen of an annotated chemical library of 1,280 bioactive small molecules, that the retinoid agonist Tazarotene, enhances in vitro angiogenesis, promoting branching morphogenesis, and tubule remodeling. The proangiogenic phenotype is mediated by retinoic acid receptor but not retinoic X receptor activation, and is characterized by secretion of the proangiogenic factors hepatocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, plasminogen activator, urokinase and placental growth factor, and reduced secretion of the antiangiogenic factor pentraxin-3 from adjacent fibroblasts. In vivo, Tazarotene enhanced the growth of mature and functional microvessels in Matrigel implants and wound healing models, and increased blood flow. Notably, in ear punch wound healing model, Tazarotene promoted tissue repair characterized by rapid ear punch closure with normal-appearing skin containing new hair follicles, and maturing collagen fibers. Our study suggests that Tazarotene, an FDA-approved small molecule, could be potentially exploited for therapeutic applications in neovascularization and wound healing.
Collapse
|
232
|
Semo J, Nicenboim J, Yaniv K. Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms. Development 2016; 143:924-35. [PMID: 26980792 DOI: 10.1242/dev.132431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is a blind-ended network of vessels that plays important roles in mediating tissue fluid homeostasis, intestinal lipid absorption and the immune response. A profound understanding of the development of lymphatic vessels, as well as of the molecular cues governing their formation and morphogenesis, might prove essential for our ability to treat lymphatic-related diseases. The embryonic origins of lymphatic vessels have been debated for over a century, with a model claiming a venous origin for the lymphatic endothelium being predominant. However, recent studies have provided new insights into the origins of lymphatic vessels. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms controlling lymphatic specification and sprouting, and we discuss exciting findings that shed new light on previously uncharacterized sources of lymphatic endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Semo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Julian Nicenboim
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Falcon BL, Chintharlapalli S, Uhlik MT, Pytowski B. Antagonist antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) as anti-angiogenic agents. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 164:204-25. [PMID: 27288725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of numerous signaling pathways in endothelial and mesangial cells results in exquisite control of the process of physiological angiogenesis, with a central role played by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and its cognate ligands. However, deregulated angiogenesis participates in numerous pathological processes. Excessive activation of VEGFR-2 has been found to mediate tissue-damaging vascular changes as well as the induction of blood vessel expansion to support the growth of solid tumors. Consequently, therapeutic intervention aimed at inhibiting the VEGFR-2 pathway has become a mainstay of treatment in cancer and retinal diseases. In this review, we introduce the concepts of physiological and pathological angiogenesis, the crucial role played by the VEGFR-2 pathway in these processes, and the various inhibitors of its activity that have entered the clinical practice. We primarily focus on the development of ramucirumab, the antagonist monoclonal antibody (mAb) that inhibits VEGFR-2 and has recently been approved for use in patients with gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers. We examine in-depth the pre-clinical studies using DC101, the mAb to mouse VEGFR-2, which provided a conceptual foundation for the role of VEGFR-2 in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Finally, we discuss further clinical development of ramucirumab and the future of targeting the VEGF pathway for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
234
|
Chanprapaph K, Rutnin S, Vachiramon V. Multikinase Inhibitor-Induced Hand-Foot Skin Reaction: A Review of Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2016; 17:387-402. [PMID: 27221667 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) are targeted cancer therapies designed to inhibit multiple tyrosine kinase pathways responsible for tumor proliferation, growth, and survival. These agents are more able to target cancer cells and possess better safety profiles than conventional chemotherapies. However, MKIs can produce significant cutaneous adverse events, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) being the most clinically significant. Although not life threatening, HFSR can lead to MKI dose modification, interruption, or termination, potentially limiting the anti-tumor effect. This article summarizes the current knowledge concerning the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, histopathology, prognostic implication, and current evidence-based prophylactic and reactive treatment options for MKI-induced HFSR. Its high incidence and significant impact on the quality of life emphasizes the great need to understand the pathogenesis and improve management of this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumutnart Chanprapaph
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Suthinee Rutnin
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Vasanop Vachiramon
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are uniquely required to balance the formation of new blood vessels with the maintenance and remodelling of existing ones, during development and in adult tissues. Recent advances have greatly expanded our understanding of the tight and multi-level regulation of VEGFR2 signalling, which is the primary focus of this Review. Important insights have been gained into the regulatory roles of VEGFR-interacting proteins (such as neuropilins, proteoglycans, integrins and protein tyrosine phosphatases); the dynamics of VEGFR2 endocytosis, trafficking and signalling; and the crosstalk between VEGF-induced signalling and other endothelial signalling cascades. A clear understanding of this multifaceted signalling web is key to successful therapeutic suppression or stimulation of vascular growth.
Collapse
|
236
|
Bargehr J, Low L, Cheung C, Bernard WG, Iyer D, Bennett MR, Gambardella L, Sinha S. Embryological Origin of Human Smooth Muscle Cells Influences Their Ability to Support Endothelial Network Formation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:946-59. [PMID: 27194743 PMCID: PMC4922852 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from distinct anatomic locations derive from different embryonic origins. Here we investigated the respective potential of different embryonic origin-specific SMCs derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to support endothelial network formation in vitro. SMCs of three distinct embryological origins were derived from an mStrawberry-expressing hESC line and were cocultured with green fluorescent protein-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to investigate the effects of distinct SMC subtypes on endothelial network formation. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that lateral mesoderm (LM)-derived SMCs best supported HUVEC network complexity and survival in three-dimensional coculture in Matrigel. The effects of the LM-derived SMCs on HUVECs were at least in part paracrine in nature. A TaqMan array was performed to identify the possible mediators responsible for the differential effects of the SMC lineages, and a microarray was used to determine lineage-specific angiogenesis gene signatures. Midkine (MDK) was identified as one important mediator for the enhanced vasculogenic potency of LM-derived SMCs. The functional effects of MDK on endothelial network formation were then determined by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown in SMCs, which resulted in impaired network complexity and survival of LM-derived SMC cocultures. The present study is the first to show that SMCs from distinct embryonic origins differ in their ability to support HUVEC network formation. LM-derived SMCs best supported endothelial cell network complexity and survival in vitro, in part through increased expression of MDK. A lineage-specific approach might be beneficial for vascular tissue engineering and therapeutic revascularization. SIGNIFICANCE Mural cells are essential for the stabilization and maturation of new endothelial cell networks. However, relatively little is known of the effect of the developmental origins of mural cells on their signaling to endothelial cells and how this affects vessel development. The present study demonstrated that human smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from distinct embryonic origins differ in their ability to support endothelial network formation. Lateral mesoderm-derived SMCs best support endothelial cell network complexity and survival in vitro, in part through increased expression of midkine. A lineage-specific approach might be beneficial for vascular tissue engineering and therapeutic revascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bargehr
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lucinda Low
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Cheung
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William G Bernard
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dharini Iyer
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R Bennett
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laure Gambardella
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Abstract
The mammalian circulatory system comprises both the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system. In contrast to the blood vascular circulation, the lymphatic system forms a unidirectional transit pathway from the extracellular space to the venous system. It actively regulates tissue fluid homeostasis, absorption of gastrointestinal lipids, and trafficking of antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes to lymphoid organs and on to the systemic circulation. The cardinal manifestation of lymphatic malfunction is lymphedema. Recent research has implicated the lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases including obesity and metabolic disease, dyslipidemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and myocardial infarction. Here, we review the most recent advances in the field of lymphatic vascular biology, with a focus on cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksanteri Aspelund
- From the Wihuri Research Institute (A.A., M.R.R., S.K., K.A.) and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (A.A., M.R.R., K.A.); and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (T.M.)
| | - Marius R Robciuc
- From the Wihuri Research Institute (A.A., M.R.R., S.K., K.A.) and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (A.A., M.R.R., K.A.); and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (T.M.)
| | - Sinem Karaman
- From the Wihuri Research Institute (A.A., M.R.R., S.K., K.A.) and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (A.A., M.R.R., K.A.); and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (T.M.)
| | - Taija Makinen
- From the Wihuri Research Institute (A.A., M.R.R., S.K., K.A.) and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (A.A., M.R.R., K.A.); and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (T.M.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- From the Wihuri Research Institute (A.A., M.R.R., S.K., K.A.) and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (A.A., M.R.R., K.A.); and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (T.M.).
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Ulvmar MH, Mäkinen T. Heterogeneity in the lymphatic vascular system and its origin. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:310-21. [PMID: 27357637 PMCID: PMC4996263 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels have historically been viewed as passive conduits for fluid and immune cells, but this perspective is increasingly being revised as new functions of lymphatic vessels are revealed. Emerging evidence shows that lymphatic endothelium takes an active part in immune regulation both by antigen presentation and expression of immunomodulatory genes. In addition, lymphatic vessels play an important role in uptake of dietary fat and clearance of cholesterol from peripheral tissues, and they have been implicated in obesity and arteriosclerosis. Lymphatic vessels within different organs and in different physiological and pathological processes show a remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity, reflecting their functional specialization. In addition, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) of different organs were recently shown to have alternative developmental origins, which may contribute to the development of the diverse lymphatic vessel and endothelial functions seen in the adult. Here, we discuss recent developments in the understanding of heterogeneity within the lymphatic system considering the organ-specific functional and molecular specialization of LECs and their developmental origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria H Ulvmar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 752 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 752 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Whiteford JR, De Rossi G, Woodfin A. Mutually Supportive Mechanisms of Inflammation and Vascular Remodeling. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 326:201-78. [PMID: 27572130 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is often accompanied by angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from existing ones. This vascular response is a response to chronic hypoxia and/or ischemia, but is also contributory to the progression of disorders including atherosclerosis, arthritis, and tumor growth. Proinflammatory and proangiogenic mediators and signaling pathways form a complex and interrelated network in these conditions, and many factors exert multiple effects. Inflammation drives angiogenesis by direct and indirect mechanisms, promoting endothelial proliferation, migration, and vessel sprouting, but also by mediating extracellular matrix remodeling and release of sequestered growth factors, and recruitment of proangiogenic leukocyte subsets. The role of inflammation in promoting angiogenesis is well documented, but by facilitating greater infiltration of leukocytes and plasma proteins into inflamed tissues, angiogenesis can also propagate chronic inflammation. This review examines the mutually supportive relationship between angiogenesis and inflammation, and considers how these interactions might be exploited to promote resolution of chronic inflammatory or angiogenic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G De Rossi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Woodfin
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a fundamental role in angiogenesis and endothelial cell biology, and has been the subject of intense study as a result. VEGF acts via a diverse and complex range of signaling pathways, with new targets constantly being discovered. This review attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding VEGF cell signaling in endothelial and cardiovascular biology, with a particular emphasis on its role in angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Evans
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, 5 University Street, London, WC1E 6JF, UK,
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Fagiani E, Lorentz P, Bill R, Pavotbawan K, Kopfstein L, Christofori G. VEGF receptor-2-specific signaling mediated by VEGF-E induces hemangioma-like lesions in normal and in malignant tissue. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:339-58. [PMID: 27038485 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Viral VEGF-E (ovVEGF-E), a homolog of VEGF-A, was discovered in the genome of Orf virus. Together with VEGF-A, B, C, D, placental growth factor (PlGF) and snake venom VEGF (svVEGF), ovVEGF-E is a member of the VEGF family of potent angiogenesis factors with a bioactivity similar to VEGF-A it induces proliferation, migration and sprouting of cultured vascular endothelial cells and proliferative lesions in the skin of sheep, goat and man that are characterized by massive capillary proliferation and dilation. These biological functions are mediated exclusively via its interaction with VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Here, we have generated transgenic mice specifically expressing ovVEGF-E in β-cells of the endocrine pancreas (Rip1VEGF-E; RVE). RVE mice show an increase in number and size of the islets of Langerhans and a distorted organization of insulin and glucagon-expressing cells. Islet endothelial cells of RVE mice hyper-proliferate and form increased numbers of functional blood vessels. In addition, the formation of disorganized lymphatic vessels and increased immune cell infiltration is observed. Upon crossing RVE single-transgenic mice with Rip1Tag2 (RT2) transgenic mice, a well-studied model of pancreatic β-cell carcinogenesis, double-transgenic mice (RT2;RVE) display hyper-proliferation of endothelial cells resulting in the formation of hemangioma-like lesions. In addition, RT2;RVE mice exhibit activated lymphangiogenesis at the tumor periphery and increased neutrophil and macrophage tumor infiltration and micro-metastasis to lymph nodes and lungs. These phenotypes markedly differ from the phenotypes observed with the transgenic expression of the other VEGF family members in β-cells of normal mice and of RT2 mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Fagiani
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Lorentz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Bill
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kirusigan Pavotbawan
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Kopfstein
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Christofori
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Stroke recovery is orchestrated by a set of highly interactive processes that involve the neurovascular unit and neural stem cells. Emerging data suggest that exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication by transferring exosomal protein and RNA cargo between source and target cells in the brain. Here, we review these advances and their impact on promoting coupled brain remodeling processes after stroke. The use of exosomes for therapeutic applications in stroke is also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Ovarian cancer stem-like cells differentiate into endothelial cells and participate in tumor angiogenesis through autocrine CCL5 signaling. Cancer Lett 2016; 376:137-47. [PMID: 27033454 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are well known for their self-regeneration and tumorigenesis potential. In addition, the multi-differentiation potential of CSCs has become a popular issue and continues to attract increased research attention. Recent studies demonstrated that CSCs are able to differentiate into functional endothelial cells and participate in tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we found that ovarian cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) activate the NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways through autocrine CCL5 signaling and mediate their own differentiation into endothelial cells (ECs). Our data demonstrate that CSLCs differentiate into ECs morphologically and functionally. Anti-CCL5 antibodies and CCL5-shRNA lead to markedly inhibit EC differentiation and the tube formation of CSLCs, both in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant human-CCL5 significantly promotes ovarian CSLCs that differentiate into ECs and form microtube network. The CCL5-mediated EC differentiation of CSLCs depends on binding to receptors, such as CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5. The results demonstrated that CCL5-CCR1/CCR3/CCR5 activates the NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways, subsequently mediating the differentiation of CSLCs into ECs. Therefore, this study was conducted based on the theory that CSCs improve tumor angiogenesis and provides a novel strategy for anti-angiogenesis in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
244
|
Martinez-Corral I, Stanczuk L, Frye M, Ulvmar MH, Diéguez-Hurtado R, Olmeda D, Makinen T, Ortega S. Vegfr3-CreER T2 mouse, a new genetic tool for targeting the lymphatic system. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:433-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
245
|
Hansen JM, Coleman RL, Sood AK. Targeting the tumour microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016; 56:131-143. [PMID: 26849037 PMCID: PMC4769921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study of cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis has traditionally been focused on cancer cells, and the view that they proliferate due to uncontrolled growth signalling owing to genetic derangements. However, uncontrolled growth in tumours cannot be explained solely by aberrations in cancer cells themselves. To fully understand the biological behaviour of tumours, it is essential to understand the microenvironment in which cancer cells exist, and how they manipulate the surrounding stroma to promote the malignant phenotype. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecologic cancer worldwide. The majority of patients will have objective responses to standard tumour debulking surgery and platinum-taxane doublet chemotherapy, but most will experience disease recurrence and chemotherapy resistance. As such, a great deal of effort has been put forth to develop therapies that target the tumour microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Herein, we review the key components of the tumour microenvironment as they pertain to this disease, outline targeting opportunities and supporting evidence thus far, and discuss resistance to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean M Hansen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Rasip1 is essential to blood vessel stability and angiogenic blood vessel growth. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:173-90. [PMID: 26897025 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular function depends on patent, continuous and stable blood vessel formation by endothelial cells (ECs). Blood vessel development initiates by vasculogenesis, as ECs coalesce into linear aggregates and organize to form central lumens that allow blood flow. Molecular mechanisms underlying in vivo vascular 'tubulogenesis' are only beginning to be unraveled. We previously showed that the GTPase-interacting protein called Rasip1 is required for the formation of continuous vascular lumens in the early embryo. Rasip1(-/-) ECs exhibit loss of proper cell polarity and cell shape, disrupted localization of EC-EC junctions and defects in adhesion of ECs to extracellular matrix. In vitro studies showed that Rasip1 depletion in cultured ECs blocked tubulogenesis. Whether Rasip1 is required in blood vessels after their initial formation remained unclear. Here, we show that Rasip1 is essential for vessel formation and maintenance in the embryo, but not in quiescent adult vessels. Rasip1 is also required for angiogenesis in three models of blood vessel growth: in vitro matrix invasion, retinal blood vessel growth and directed in vivo angiogenesis assays. Rasip1 is thus necessary in growing embryonic blood vessels, postnatal angiogenic sprouting and remodeling, but is dispensable for maintenance of established blood vessels, making it a potential anti-angiogenic therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
247
|
|
248
|
Ouchi R, Okabe S, Migita T, Nakano I, Seimiya H. Senescence from glioma stem cell differentiation promotes tumor growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:275-281. [PMID: 26775840 PMCID: PMC5176357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor composed of heterogeneous cellular populations including glioma stem cells (GSCs) and differentiated non-stem glioma cells (NSGCs). While GSCs are involved in tumor initiation and propagation, NSGCs' role remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that NSGCs undergo senescence and secrete pro-angiogenic proteins, boosting the GSC-derived tumor formation in vivo. We used a GSC model that maintains stemness in neurospheres, but loses the stemness and differentiates into NSGCs upon serum stimulation. These NSGCs downregulated telomerase, shortened telomeres, and eventually became senescent. The senescent NSGCs released pro-angiogenic proteins, including vascular endothelial growth factors and senescence-associated interleukins, such as IL-6 and IL-8. Conditioned medium from senescent NSGCs promoted proliferation of brain microvascular endothelial cells, and mixed implantation of GSCs and senescent NSGCs into mice enhanced the tumorigenic potential of GSCs. The senescent NSGCs seem to be clinically relevant, because both clinical samples and xenografts of GBM contained tumor cells that expressed the senescence markers. Our data suggest that senescent NSGCs promote malignant progression of GBM in part via paracrine effects of the secreted proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rie Ouchi
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Sachiko Okabe
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Toshiro Migita
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Seimiya
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Li L, Pan Y, Dai L, Liu B, Zhang D. Association of Genetic Polymorphisms on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Receptor Genes with Susceptibility to Coronary Heart Disease. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:31-40. [PMID: 26726843 PMCID: PMC4706102 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, named kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR, or VEGFR2), which are involved with angiogenesis and vascular repair, could partly contribute to the development of CHD. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the potential correlations between genetic polymorphisms on VEGF and KDR and susceptibility to CHD, and the integrative role of SNPs combined on susceptibility to CHD were also studied. Material/Methods Venous blood samples gathered from 533 DCM patients and 533 healthy controls were used to genotype tag-SNPs of VEGF (rs699947, rs2010963, and rs3025010) and KDR (rs2071559, rs2305948, and rs1870377) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and SNaPshot assay. Investigations of potential haplotypes were conducted on the basis of SHEsis software. The odds ratio (ORs) and relevant 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to estimate associations of SNPs/haplotypes with risk of CHD. Multivariate logistic regression was also performed, taking certain clinical characteristics (e.g., BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hypertension) into consideration. All statistical analyses were done with STATA Version 12.0 software. Results Our results suggest that rs699947 (T>C) on KDR are associated with susceptibility to CHD under the dominant model before (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.05–1.73, P=0.019) and after (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.01–1.76, P=0.044), allowing for clinical characteristics (e.g., BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hypertension). rs2305948 (G>A) and rs1870377 (A>T) on VEGF were also found to be associated with risk of CHD under the recessive model after adjustment with multivariate regression analyses (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.02–1.43, P=0.029; OR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.13–5.75, P=0.025); OR=2.83, 95% CI: 1.47–5.46, P=0.002, respectively). Additionally, haplotype analyses revealed that integration of 5 SNPs would either raise (e.g. C-C-T-G-T and T-G-T-G-T) or reduce (e.g. C-C-C-G-T, T-C-T-G-A, T-C-T-G-T, and T-G-T-G-A) risk of CHD. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms on VEGF (rs699947) and KDR (rs2305948and rs1870377), as well as relevant haplotypes, may serve as genetic markers that might be useful in future investigations on the pathogenesis of CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yongquan Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Li Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (mainland)
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Mitsi M, Schulz MMP, Gousopoulos E, Ochsenbein AM, Detmar M, Vogel V. Walking the Line: A Fibronectin Fiber-Guided Assay to Probe Early Steps of (Lymph)angiogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145210. [PMID: 26689200 PMCID: PMC4686943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are highly complex morphogenetic processes, central to many physiological and pathological conditions, including development, cancer metastasis, inflammation and wound healing. While it is described that extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers are involved in the spatiotemporal regulation of angiogenesis, current angiogenesis assays are not specifically designed to dissect and quantify the underlying molecular mechanisms of how the fibrillar nature of ECM regulates vessel sprouting. Even less is known about the role of the fibrillar ECM during the early stages of lymphangiogenesis. To address such questions, we introduced here an in vitro (lymph)angiogenesis assay, where we used microbeads coated with endothelial cells as simple sprouting sources and deposited them on single Fn fibers used as substrates to mimic fibrillar ECM. The fibers were deposited on a transparent substrate, suitable for live microscopic observation of the ensuing cell outgrowth events at the single cell level. Our proof-of-concept studies revealed that fibrillar Fn, compared to Fn-coated surfaces, provides far stronger sprouting and guidance cues to endothelial cells, independent of the tested mechanical strains of the Fn fibers. Additionally, we found that VEGF-A, but not VEGF-C, stimulates the collective outgrowth of lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), while the collective outgrowth of blood vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) was prominent even in the absence of these angiogenic factors. In addition to the findings presented here, the modularity of our assay allows for the use of different ECM or synthetic fibers as substrates, as well as of other cell types, thus expanding the range of applications in vascular biology and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mitsi
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|