201
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Zhan Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Ying B, Wang C. Diagnostic Accuracy of the Artificial Intelligence Methods in Medical Imaging for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 12:303. [PMID: 36615102 PMCID: PMC9820940 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Early screening and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is crucial in TB control, and tend to benefit from artificial intelligence. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of a variety of artificial intelligence methods in medical imaging for PTB. We searched MEDLINE and Embase with the OVID platform to identify trials published update to November 2022 that evaluated the effectiveness of artificial-intelligence-based software in medical imaging of patients with PTB. After data extraction, the quality of studies was assessed using quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2 (QUADAS-2). Pooled sensitivity and specificity were estimated using a bivariate random-effects model. In total, 3987 references were initially identified and 61 studies were finally included, covering a wide range of 124,959 individuals. The pooled sensitivity and the specificity were 91% (95% confidence interval (CI), 89-93%) and 65% (54-75%), respectively, in clinical trials, and 94% (89-96%) and 95% (91-97%), respectively, in model-development studies. These findings have demonstrated that artificial-intelligence-based software could serve as an accurate tool to diagnose PTB in medical imaging. However, standardized reporting guidance regarding AI-specific trials and multicenter clinical trials is urgently needed to truly transform this cutting-edge technology into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejuan Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wendi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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202
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Luczynski P, Poulin P, Romanowski K, Johnston JC. Tuberculosis and risk of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278661. [PMID: 36584036 PMCID: PMC9803143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a major cause of death among people who experience tuberculosis (TB), but little is known about its timing and incidence following TB treatment. Our primary objectives were to estimate the pooled risk of all and site-specific malignancies in people with TB compared to the general population or suitable controls. Our secondary objective was to describe the pooled risk of cancer at different time points following TB diagnosis. METHODS This study was prospectively registered (PROSPERO: CRD42021277819). We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database for studies published between 1980 and 2021. We included original observational research articles that estimated cancer risk among people with TB compared to controls. Studies were excluded if they had a study population of fewer than 50 individuals; used cross-sectional, case series, or case report designs; and had a follow-up period of less than 12 months. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain the pooled risk of cancer in the TB population. RESULTS Of the 5,160 unique studies identified, data from 17 studies were included. When compared to controls, the pooled standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of all cancer (SIR 1.62, 95% CI 1.35-1.93, I2 = 97%) and lung cancer (SIR 3.20, 95% CI 2.21-4.63, I2 = 90%) was increased in the TB population. The pooled risk of all cancers and lung cancer was highest within the first year following TB diagnosis (SIR 4.70, 95% CI 1.80-12.27, I2 = 99%) but remained over five years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS People with TB have an increased risk of both pulmonary and non-pulmonary cancers. Further research on cancer following TB diagnosis is needed to develop effective screening and early detection strategies. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for cancer in people with TB, particularly in the first year following TB diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Luczynski
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Philip Poulin
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Kamila Romanowski
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Provincial TB Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada
| | - James C. Johnston
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Provincial TB Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada
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203
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Li C, Che B, Deng L. Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials for Diagnosis of Human Respiratory Diseases. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:12. [PMID: 36671847 PMCID: PMC9855565 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, respiratory diseases have increasingly become a global concern, largely due to the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This inevitably causes great attention to be given to the development of highly efficient and minimal or non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. And electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials show great potential in fulfilling the requirement, not only because of the superior performance of electrochemical analysis, but also given the excellent properties of the carbon nanomaterials. In this paper, we review the most recent advances in research, development and applications of electrochemical biosensors based on the use of carbon nanomaterials for diagnosis of human respiratory diseases in the last 10 years. We first briefly introduce the characteristics of several common human respiratory diseases, including influenza, COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis and lung cancer. Then, we describe the working principles and fabrication of various electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials used for diagnosis of these respiratory diseases. Finally, we summarize the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives for the currently available electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials for detecting human respiratory diseases.
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204
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Lino Ferreira da Silva Barros MH, Santos GL, de Almeida Rodrigues MG, Sampaio V, Lynn T, Endo PT. A Brazilian classified data set for prognosis of tuberculosis, between January 2001 and April 2020. Sci Data 2022; 9:771. [PMID: 36522386 PMCID: PMC9753864 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
After COVID-19, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death by an infectious disease in the world. This work presents a data set based on data collected from the Brazilian Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) for the period from January 2001 to April 2020 relating to patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in Brazil. The data from SINAN was pre-processed to generate a new data set with two distinct treatment outcome classes: CURED and DIED. The data set comprises 37 categorical attributes (including socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data) as well as the target class. There are 927,909 records of patients classified as CURED and 36,190 classified as DIED, totaling 964,099 records.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guto Leoni Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro de Informática (CIn), Recife, 50740-560, Brazil
| | | | | | - Theo Lynn
- Dublin City University (DCU), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia Takako Endo
- Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Computação (PPGEC), Recife, 50720-001, Brazil.
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205
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Llibre A, Smith N, Rouilly V, Musvosvi M, Nemes E, Posseme C, Mabwe S, Charbit B, Mbandi SK, Filander E, Africa H, Saint-André V, Bondet V, Bost P, Mulenga H, Bilek N, Albert ML, Scriba TJ, Duffy D. Tuberculosis alters immune-metabolic pathways resulting in perturbed IL-1 responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897193. [PMID: 36591308 PMCID: PMC9795069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem and we lack a comprehensive understanding of how Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection impacts host immune responses. We compared the induced immune response to TB antigen, BCG and IL-1β stimulation between latently M. tb infected individuals (LTBI) and active TB patients. This revealed distinct responses between TB/LTBI at transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic levels. At baseline, we identified a novel immune-metabolic association between pregnane steroids, the PPARγ pathway and elevated plasma IL-1ra in TB. We observed dysregulated IL-1 responses after BCG stimulation in TB patients, with elevated IL-1ra responses being explained by upstream TNF differences. Additionally, distinct secretion of IL-1α/IL-1β in LTBI/TB after BCG stimulation was associated with downstream differences in granzyme mediated cleavage. Finally, IL-1β driven signalling was dramatically perturbed in TB disease but was completely restored after successful treatment. This study improves our knowledge of how immune responses are altered during TB disease, and may support the design of improved preventive and therapeutic tools, including host-directed strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Llibre
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nikaïa Smith
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Céline Posseme
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Simbarashe Mabwe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bruno Charbit
- Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, CRT, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Filander
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Violaine Saint-André
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Computational Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bost
- Sorbonne Université, Complexité du vivant, Paris, France,Systems Biology Group, Computational Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Humphrey Mulenga
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, CRT, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Darragh Duffy,
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206
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Proteome Profile Changes Induced by Heterologous Overexpression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Derived Antigens PstS-1 (Rv0934) and Ag85B (Rv1886c) in Mycobacterium microti. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121836. [PMID: 36551264 PMCID: PMC9775975 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new tuberculosis vaccines remains a global priority, and recombinant vaccines are a frequently investigated option. These vaccines follow a molecular strategy that may enhance protective efficacy. However, their functional differences, particularly with respect to glycosylation, remain unknown. Recent studies have shown that glycosylation plays a key role in the host-pathogen interactions during immune recognition. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the glycosylation profiles of two recombinant strains of Mycobacterium microti, overexpressing Ag85B (Rv1886c) and PstS-1 (Rv0934) antigens of M. tuberculosis. For each strain, the glycosylation profile was determined by Western blotting with lectins. The results showed the presence of mannosylated proteins and evidence of linked sialic acid proteins. Interestingly, different proteome and glycoproteome profiles were observed between the two recombinant strains and the wild-type strain. We have shown here that the construction of the recombinant strains of M. microti has altered the proteome and glycosylation profiles of these strains, leading us to ask what impact these changes might have on the immune response.
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207
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Duszenko N, van Willigen DM, Bunschoten A, Velders AH, Roestenberg M, van Leeuwen FWB. Chemically Enhanced Immunogenicity of Bacteria by Supramolecular Functionalization with an Adjuvant. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200434. [PMID: 36177993 PMCID: PMC10098600 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Many pathogens blunt immune responses because they lack immunogenic structural features, which typically results in disease. Here, we show evidence suggesting that pathogen immunogenicity can be chemically enhanced. Using supramolecular host-guest chemistry, we complexed onto the surface of a poorly immunogenic bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) a TLR7 agonist-based adjuvant. "Adjuvanted" bacteria were readily recognized by macrophages and induced a more pro-inflammatory immunophenotype. Future applications of this concept could yield treatment modalities that bolster the immune system's response to pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Duszenko
- Interventional Molecular Imaging (IMI) Laboratory, Departments of Radiology & Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 RC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Danny M van Willigen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging (IMI) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 RC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Anton Bunschoten
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Aldrik H Velders
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Meta Roestenberg
- Departments of Parasitology & Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 RC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging (IMI) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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208
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Correia-Neves M, Nigou J, Mousavian Z, Sundling C, Källenius G. Immunological hyporesponsiveness in tuberculosis: The role of mycobacterial glycolipids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035122. [PMID: 36544778 PMCID: PMC9761185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids constitute a major part of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). They are potent immunomodulatory molecules recognized by several immune receptors like pattern recognition receptors such as TLR2, DC-SIGN and Dectin-2 on antigen-presenting cells and by T cell receptors on T lymphocytes. The Mtb glycolipids lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and its biosynthetic relatives, phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) and lipomannan (LM), as well as other Mtb glycolipids, such as phenolic glycolipids and sulfoglycolipids have the ability to modulate the immune response, stimulating or inhibiting a pro-inflammatory response. We explore here the downmodulating effect of Mtb glycolipids. A great proportion of the studies used in vitro approaches although in vivo infection with Mtb might also lead to a dampening of myeloid cell and T cell responses to Mtb glycolipids. This dampened response has been explored ex vivo with immune cells from peripheral blood from Mtb-infected individuals and in mouse models of infection. In addition to the dampening of the immune response caused by Mtb glycolipids, we discuss the hyporesponse to Mtb glycolipids caused by prolonged Mtb infection and/or exposure to Mtb antigens. Hyporesponse to LAM has been observed in myeloid cells from individuals with active and latent tuberculosis (TB). For some myeloid subsets, this effect is stronger in latent versus active TB. Since the immune response in individuals with latent TB represents a more protective profile compared to the one in patients with active TB, this suggests that downmodulation of myeloid cell functions by Mtb glycolipids may be beneficial for the host and protect against active TB disease. The mechanisms of this downmodulation, including tolerance through epigenetic modifications, are only partly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics Research Group (ICVS/3B's), Portuguese (PT) Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Zaynab Mousavian
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Källenius
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,*Correspondence: Gunilla Källenius,
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209
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Chandra P, Grigsby SJ, Philips JA. Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:750-766. [PMID: 35879556 PMCID: PMC9310001 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has infected humans for millennia. M. tuberculosis is well adapted to establish infection, persist in the face of the host immune response and be transmitted to uninfected individuals. Its ability to complete this infection cycle depends on it both evading and taking advantage of host immune responses. The outcome of M. tuberculosis infection is often a state of equilibrium characterized by immunological control and bacterial persistence. Recent data have highlighted the diverse cell populations that respond to M. tuberculosis infection and the dynamic changes in the cellular and intracellular niches of M. tuberculosis during the course of infection. M. tuberculosis possesses an arsenal of protein and lipid effectors that influence macrophage functions and inflammatory responses; however, our understanding of the role that specific bacterial virulence factors play in the context of diverse cellular reservoirs and distinct infection stages is limited. In this Review, we discuss immune evasion and provocation by M. tuberculosis during its infection cycle and describe how a more detailed molecular understanding is crucial to enable the development of novel host-directed therapies, disease biomarkers and effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chandra
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven J Grigsby
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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210
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Lee MR, Chen YL, Wu CW, Chen LC, Chang LY, Chen JY, Huang YT, Wang JY, Shih JY, Yu CJ. Toll-like receptor and matrix metalloproteinase single-nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, and polygenic risk score differentiated between tuberculosis disease and infection. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 125:61-66. [PMID: 36272698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and active TB remained less studied. METHODS We recruited participants with TB disease (active TB) (n = 400) and TB infection (latent TB infection) (n = 203) in this study. We genotyped SNPs in TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, MMP1, MMP8, MMP9, MMP12, and tissue inhibitor of MMP2. Single-variant analysis and haplotype analysis were performed, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) was created. RESULTS We found that SNPs in TLR1 (rs5743580, rs5743551), TLR2 (rs3804100), and MMP8 (rs2508383) were associated with different TB disease status risks. TLR1 rs5743580 was associated with a higher risk of TB disease status in genotypic, recessive, and additive models. TLR2 rs3804100 polymorphisms demonstrated significant association with TB disease status in genotypic, dominant, and additive models. In the haplotype analysis, the TLR1 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of TB disease, and the MMP12 haplotype was associated with a lower risk of TB disease. A PRS using 3 SNPs was associated with a higher risk of TB disease. CONCLUSION This study revealed that SNP variants in TLR1, TLR2, and MMP8 differed among TB infection and disease. Haplotypes and PRS could potentially help predict TB disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Rui Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Lun-Che Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Biomedical Park Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Yu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yueh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsung Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Yuan Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Biomedical Park Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
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211
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Melki S, Mizouni G, Chebil D, Ben Abdelaziz A. Tuberculosis epidemiological trend in Sousse, Tunisia during twenty years (2000-2019). Libyan J Med 2022; 17:2003968. [PMID: 34802395 PMCID: PMC8635596 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2021.2003968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis in the last two decades (2000-2019) in the East region of Tunisia (city of Sousse). This was a descriptive retrospective analysis of notified incident cases of tuberculosis from 2000 to 2019 in Sousse Governorate, Tunisia. The data collection was done via the regional registry of tuberculosis. Stata software was used to characterize the socio-demographic and clinical profile of tuberculosis, to calculate its incidence, mortality and fatality rates and to determine predictive factors of mortality. R software was used to analyze the chronological trend of tuberculosis incidence and mortality. A total of 2606 incident cases of tuberculosis were declared from 2000 to 2019 in Sousse. The mean age was 39 ± 19 years with a sex ratio (male/female) of 1.19. Only one case was HIV positive among the total 2606 incident cases. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was the most recorded (1,534 cases, 58.9%). The mean annual case notification and deaths were 130 and four respectively. After adjusting for confounders, individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis were 1.9 significantly more likely to die from tuberculosis compared to those suffering from extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. There was a trend of increasing mortality with increasing age. The association was statistically significant only for those above 60 years' old who had 12.5 times higher odds of dying compared to those below 60 years. After adjusting for age and gender, with every year there was an increase in the total incidence rate (+0.35 per 100,000) with p = 0.005 and in the extra-pulmonary incidence (+0.27 per 100,000), with p = 0.001. This study demonstrated the increasing trend of tuberculosis in Sousse, Tunisia from 2000 to 2019. The national program against tuberculosis should enhance community knowledge and centralize the national and regional epidemiological information for better epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Melki
- Resident of Preventive and Community Medicine, Information System Department, University Hospital of Sahloul, SousseTunisia
| | - Ghodhbani Mizouni
- Director of the Regional Directorate of Basic Healthcare, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Dhekra Chebil
- Associate Professor of Community and Preventive Medicine, Hospital Hygiene Service, Kairouan University Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz
- Professor of Preventive and Community Medicine, Information System Department, University Hospital of Sahloul, Tunisia
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212
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Kasibante J, Kagimu E, Rutakingirwa MK, Jjunju S, Tugume L, Meya DB. Distal jejunal obstruction due to Cryptococcus neoformans and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection: A case report. Med Mycol Case Rep 2022; 38:44-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Amado PM, Woodley C, Cristiano MLS, O’Neill PM. Recent Advances of DprE1 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Computational Analysis of Physicochemical and ADMET Properties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40659-40681. [PMID: 36406587 PMCID: PMC9670723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) is a critical flavoenzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, catalyzing a vital step in the production of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan, both of which are essential for cell wall biosynthesis. Due to its periplasmic localization, DprE1 is a susceptible target, and several compounds with diverse scaffolds have been discovered that inhibit this enzyme, covalently or noncovalently. We evaluated a total of ∼1519 DprE1 inhibitors disclosed in the literature from 2009 to April 2022 by performing an in-depth analysis of physicochemical descriptors and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), to gain new insights into these properties in DprE1 inhibitors. Several molecular properties that should facilitate the design and optimization of future DprE1 inhibitors are described, allowing for the development of improved analogues targeting M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia
S. M. Amado
- Center
of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, University of
Algarve, P-8005-039 Faro, Portugal
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, FCT, University
of Algarve, P-8005-039 Faro, Portugal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Woodley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria L. S. Cristiano
- Center
of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, University of
Algarve, P-8005-039 Faro, Portugal
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, FCT, University
of Algarve, P-8005-039 Faro, Portugal
- Email
for M.L.S.C.:
| | - Paul M. O’Neill
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- Email for P.M.O.:
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214
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Subsequent AS01-adjuvanted vaccinations induce similar transcriptional responses in populations with different disease statuses. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276505. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional responses to adjuvanted vaccines can vary substantially among populations. Interindividual diversity in levels of pathogen exposure, and thus of cell-mediated immunological memory at baseline, may be an important determinant of population differences in vaccine responses. Adjuvant System AS01 is used in licensed or candidate vaccines for several diseases and populations, yet the impact of pre-existing immunity on its adjuvanticity remains to be elucidated. In this exploratory post-hoc analysis of clinical trial samples (clinicalTrials.gov: NCT01424501), we compared gene expression patterns elicited by two immunizations with the candidate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine M72/AS01, between three groups of individuals with different levels of memory responses to TB antigens before vaccination. Analyzed were one group of TB-disease-treated individuals, and two groups of TB-disease-naïve individuals who were (based on purified protein derivative [PPD] skin-test results) stratified into PPD-positive and PPD-negative groups. Although TB-disease-treated individuals displayed slightly stronger transcriptional responses after each vaccine dose, functional gene signatures were overall not distinctly different between groups. Considering the similarities with the signatures found previously for other AS01-adjuvanted vaccines, many features of the response appeared to be adjuvant-driven. Across groups, cell proliferation-related signals at 7 days post-dose 1 were associated with increased anti-M72 antibody response magnitudes. These early signals were stronger in the TB-disease-treated group as compared to both TB-disease-naïve groups. Interindividual homogeneity in gene expression levels was also higher for TB-disease-treated individuals post-dose 1, but increased in all groups post-dose 2 to attain similar levels between the three groups. Altogether, strong cell-mediated memory responses at baseline accelerated and amplified transcriptional responses to a single dose of this AS01-adjuvanted vaccine, resulting in more homogenous gene expression levels among the highly-primed individuals as compared to the disease-naïve individuals. However, after a second vaccination, response heterogeneity decreased and was similar across groups, irrespective of the degree of immune memory acquired at baseline. This information can support the design and analysis of future clinical trials evaluating AS01-adjuvanted vaccines.
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215
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Schaberg T, Brinkmann F, Feiterna-Sperling C, Geerdes-Fenge H, Hartmann P, Häcker B, Hauer B, Haas W, Heyckendorf J, Lange C, Maurer FP, Nienhaus A, Otto-Knapp R, Priwitzer M, Richter E, Salzer HJ, Schoch O, Schönfeld N, Stahlmann R, Bauer T. Tuberkulose im Erwachsenenalter. Pneumologie 2022; 76:727-819. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1934-8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Tuberkulose ist in Deutschland eine seltene, überwiegend gut behandelbare Erkrankung. Weltweit ist sie eine der häufigsten Infektionserkrankungen mit ca. 10 Millionen Neuerkrankungen/Jahr. Auch bei einer niedrigen Inzidenz in Deutschland bleibt Tuberkulose insbesondere aufgrund der internationalen Entwicklungen und Migrationsbewegungen eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose. In Deutschland besteht, aufgrund der niedrigen Prävalenz der Erkrankung und der damit verbundenen abnehmenden klinischen Erfahrung, ein Informationsbedarf zu allen Aspekten der Tuberkulose und ihrer Kontrolle. Diese Leitlinie umfasst die mikrobiologische Diagnostik, die Grundprinzipien der Standardtherapie, die Behandlung verschiedener Organmanifestationen, den Umgang mit typischen unerwünschten Arzneimittelwirkungen, die Besonderheiten in der Diagnostik und Therapie resistenter Tuberkulose sowie die Behandlung bei TB-HIV-Koinfektion. Sie geht darüber hinaus auf Versorgungsaspekte und gesetzliche Regelungen wie auch auf die Diagnosestellung und präventive Therapie einer latenten tuberkulösen Infektion ein. Es wird ausgeführt, wann es der Behandlung durch spezialisierte Zentren bedarf.Die Aktualisierung der S2k-Leitlinie „Tuberkulose im Erwachsenenalter“ soll allen in der Tuberkuloseversorgung Tätigen als Richtschnur für die Prävention, die Diagnose und die Therapie der Tuberkulose dienen und helfen, den heutigen Herausforderungen im Umgang mit Tuberkulose in Deutschland gewachsen zu sein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Schaberg
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose e. V. (DZK), Berlin
| | - Folke Brinkmann
- Abteilung für pädiatrische Pneumologie/CF-Zentrum, Universitätskinderklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum
| | - Cornelia Feiterna-Sperling
- Klinik für Pädiatrie mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Immunologie und Intensivmedizin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin
| | | | - Pia Hartmann
- Labor Dr. Wisplinghoff Köln, Klinische Infektiologie, Köln
- Department für Klinische Infektiologie, St. Vinzenz-Hospital, Köln
| | - Brit Häcker
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose e. V. (DZK), Berlin
| | | | | | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
| | - Christoph Lange
- Klinische Infektiologie, Forschungszentrum Borstel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck
- Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Childrenʼs Hospital, Global TB Program, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Florian P. Maurer
- Nationales Referenzzentrum für Mykobakterien, Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen (IVDP), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg
| | - Ralf Otto-Knapp
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose e. V. (DZK), Berlin
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Stahlmann
- Institut für klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin
| | - Torsten Bauer
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose e. V. (DZK), Berlin
- Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
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216
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Brown TS, Robinson DA, Buckee CO, Mathema B. Connecting the dots: understanding how human mobility shapes TB epidemics. Trends Microbiol 2022; 30:1036-1044. [PMID: 35597716 PMCID: PMC10068677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading infectious cause of death worldwide. Reducing TB infections and TB-related deaths rests ultimately on stopping forward transmission from infectious to susceptible individuals. Critical to this effort is understanding how human host mobility shapes the transmission and dispersal of new or existing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Important questions remain unanswered. What kinds of mobility, over what temporal and spatial scales, facilitate TB transmission? How do human mobility patterns influence the dispersal of novel Mtb strains, including emergent drug-resistant strains? This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on mobility and TB epidemic dynamics, using examples from three topic areas, including inference of genetic and spatial clustering of infections, delineating source-sink dynamics, and mapping the dispersal of novel TB strains, to examine scientific questions and methodological issues within this topic. We also review new data sources for measuring human mobility, including mobile phone-associated movement data, and discuss important limitations on their use in TB epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Brown
- Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Ashley Robinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline O Buckee
- Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barun Mathema
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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217
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Dartois VA, Rubin EJ. Anti-tuberculosis treatment strategies and drug development: challenges and priorities. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:685-701. [PMID: 35478222 PMCID: PMC9045034 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite two decades of intensified research to understand and cure tuberculosis disease, biological uncertainties remain and hamper progress. However, owing to collaborative initiatives including academia, the pharmaceutical industry and non-for-profit organizations, the drug candidate pipeline is promising. This exceptional success comes with the inherent challenge of prioritizing multidrug regimens for clinical trials and revamping trial designs to accelerate regimen development and capitalize on drug discovery breakthroughs. Most wanted are markers of progression from latent infection to active pulmonary disease, markers of drug response and predictors of relapse, in vitro tools to uncover synergies that translate clinically and animal models to reliably assess the treatment shortening potential of new regimens. In this Review, we highlight the benefits and challenges of 'one-size-fits-all' regimens and treatment duration versus individualized therapy based on disease severity and host and pathogen characteristics, considering scientific and operational perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique A Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, and Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA.
| | - Eric J Rubin
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA, USA
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218
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Sierra CJ, Downs CA. Screening and testing for latent tuberculosis infection among patients who are immunocompromised. Nurse Pract 2022; 47:32-39. [PMID: 36287735 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000884860.99026.ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT It is critical to detect latent tuberculosis infection through screening and testing individuals at high risk of progression to active tuberculosis, including patients who are immunocompromised. NPs should be familiar with available testing for accurate diagnosis in order to expedite treatment.
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219
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Paredes-González IS, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Ramos-Espinosa O, López-Torres MO, Maya-Hoyos M, Mendoza-Trujillo M, Barrera-Rosales A, Mata-Espinosa D, León-Contreras JC, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Espitia C, Hernández-Pando R. Effect of mycobacterial proteins that target mitochondria on the alveolar macrophages activation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Exp Lung Res 2022; 48:251-265. [PMID: 36102603 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2022.2120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of the study: During the early and progressive (late) stages of murine experimental pulmonary tuberculosis, the differential activation of macrophages contributes to disease development by controlling bacterial growth and immune regulation. Mycobacterial proteins P27 and PE_PGRS33 can target the mitochondria of macrophages. This study aims to evaluate the effect of both proteins on macrophage activation during mycobacterial infection. Materials and methods: We assess both proteins for mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and morphological changes, as well as bactericide activity, production of metabolites, cytokines, and activation markers in infected MQs. The cell line MH-S was used for all the experiments. Results: We show that P27 and PE_PGRS33 proteins modified mitochondrial dynamics, oxygen consumption, bacilli growth, cytokine production, and some genes that contribute to macrophage alternative activation and mycobacterial intracellular survival. Conclusions: Our findings showed that these bacterial proteins partially contribute to promoting M2 differentiation by altering mitochondrial metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Selene Paredes-González
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Ramos-Espinosa
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Othoniel López-Torres
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Milena Maya-Hoyos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Monserrat Mendoza-Trujillo
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Barrera-Rosales
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dulce Mata-Espinosa
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clara Espitia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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220
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Predicting the Number of Reported Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Guiyang, China, Based on Time Series Analysis Techniques. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7828131. [PMID: 36349145 PMCID: PMC9637476 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7828131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world's deadliest infectious disease killers today, and despite China's increasing efforts to prevent and control TB, the TB epidemic is still very serious. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, if reliable forecasts of TB epidemic trends can be made, they can help policymakers with early warning and contribute to the prevention and control of TB. In this study, we collected monthly reports of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Guiyang, China, from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, and monthly meteorological data for the same period, and used LASSO regression to screen four meteorological factors that had an influence on the monthly reports of PTB in Guiyang, including sunshine hours, relative humidity, average atmospheric pressure, and annual highest temperature, of which relative humidity (6-month lag) and average atmospheric pressure (7-month lag) have a lagging effect with the number of TB reports in Guiyang. Based on these data, we constructed ARIMA, Holt-Winters (additive and multiplicative), ARIMAX (with meteorological factors), LSTM, and multivariable LSTM (with meteorological factors). We found that the addition of meteorological factors significantly improved the performance of the time series prediction model, which, after comprehensive consideration, included the ARIMAX (1,1,1) (0,1,2)12 model with a lag of 7 months at the average atmospheric pressure, outperforms the other models in terms of both fit (RMSE = 37.570, MAPE = 10.164%, MAE = 28.511) and forecast sensitivity (RMSE = 20.724, MAPE = 6.901%, MAE = 17.306), so the ARIMAX (1,1,1) (0,1,2)12 model with a lag of 7 months can be used as a predictor tool for predicting the number of monthly reports of PTB in Guiyang, China.
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221
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Arrigoni R, Ballini A, Topi S, Bottalico L, Jirillo E, Santacroce L. Antibiotic Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Potential Use of Natural and Biological Products as Alternative Anti-Mycobacterial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101431. [PMID: 36290089 PMCID: PMC9598247 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). TB treatment is based on the administration of three major antibiotics: isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. However, multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mtb strains are increasing around the world, thus, allowing TB to spread around the world. The stringent response is demonstrated by Mtb strains in order to survive under hostile circumstances, even including exposure to antibiotics. The stringent response is mediated by alarmones, which regulate bacterial replication, transcription and translation. Moreover, the Mtb cell wall contributes to the mechanism of antibiotic resistance along with efflux pump activation and biofilm formation. Immunity over the course of TB is managed by M1-macrophages and M2-macrophages, which regulate the immune response against Mtb infection, with the former exerting inflammatory reactions and the latter promoting an anti-inflammatory profile. T helper 1 cells via secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma, play a protective role in the course of TB, while T regulatory cells secreting interleukin 10, are anti-inflammatory. Alternative therapeutic options against TB require further discussion. In view of the increasing number of MDR Mtb strains, attempts to replace antibiotics with natural and biological products have been object of intensive investigation. Therefore, in this review the anti-Mtb effects exerted by probiotics, polyphenols, antimicrobial peptides and IFN-gamma will be discussed. All the above cited compounds are endowed either with direct antibacterial activity or with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, “A. Xhuvani”, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, “A. Xhuvani”, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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222
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Geraldes I, Fernandes M, Fraga AG, Osório NS. The impact of single-cell genomics on the field of mycobacterial infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:989464. [PMID: 36246265 PMCID: PMC9562642 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.989464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome sequencing projects of humans and other organisms reinforced that the complexity of biological systems is largely attributed to the tight regulation of gene expression at the epigenome and RNA levels. As a consequence, plenty of technological developments arose to increase the sequencing resolution to the cell dimension creating the single-cell genomics research field. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is leading the advances in this topic and comprises a vast array of different methodologies. scRNA-seq and its variants are more and more used in life science and biomedical research since they provide unbiased transcriptomic sequencing of large populations of individual cells. These methods go beyond the previous “bulk” methodologies and sculpt the biological understanding of cellular heterogeneity and dynamic transcriptomic states of cellular populations in immunology, oncology, and developmental biology fields. Despite the large burden caused by mycobacterial infections, advances in this field obtained via single-cell genomics had been comparatively modest. Nonetheless, seminal research publications using single-cell transcriptomics to study host cells infected by mycobacteria have become recently available. Here, we review these works summarizing the most impactful findings and emphasizing the different and recent single-cell methodologies used, potential issues, and problems. In addition, we aim at providing insights into current research gaps and potential future developments related to the use of single-cell genomics to study mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Geraldes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mónica Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alexandra G. Fraga
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno S. Osório
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Nuno S. Osório
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223
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Cubillos-Angulo JM, Nogueira BMF, Arriaga MB, Barreto-Duarte B, Araújo-Pereira M, Fernandes CD, Vinhaes CL, Villalva-Serra K, Nunes VM, Miguez-Pinto JP, Amaral EP, Andrade BB. Host-directed therapies in pulmonary tuberculosis: Updates on anti-inflammatory drugs. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:970408. [PMID: 36213651 PMCID: PMC9537567 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.970408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a lethal disease and remains one of the top ten causes of mortality by an infectious disease worldwide. It can also result in significant morbidity related to persistent inflammation and tissue damage. Pulmonary TB treatment depends on the prolonged use of multiple drugs ranging from 6 months for drug-susceptible TB to 6-20 months in cases of multi-drug resistant disease, with limited patient tolerance resulting from side effects. Treatment success rates remain low and thus represent a barrier to TB control. Adjunct host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging strategy in TB treatment that aims to target the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in addition to antimycobacterial drugs. Combined multi-drug treatment with HDT could potentially result in more effective therapies by shortening treatment duration, improving cure success rates and reducing residual tissue damage. This review explores the rationale and challenges to the development and implementation of HDTs through a succinct report of the medications that have completed or are currently being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Cubillos-Angulo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betânia M. F. Nogueira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - María B. Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Catarina D. Fernandes
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Caian L. Vinhaes
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Klauss Villalva-Serra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo P. Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
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Gaffney E, Murphy D, Walsh A, Connolly S, Basdeo SA, Keane J, Phelan JJ. Defining the role of neutrophils in the lung during infection: Implications for tuberculosis disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:984293. [PMID: 36203565 PMCID: PMC9531133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.984293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases involving inflammation. Neutrophils are also critical to host defence and have a key role in the innate immune response to infection. Despite their efficiencies against a wide range of pathogens however, their ability to contain and combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the lung remains uncertain and contentious. The host response to Mtb infection is very complex, involving the secretion of various cytokines and chemokines from a wide variety of immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells, NK cells and dendritic cells. Considering the contributing role neutrophils play in the advancement of many diseases, understanding how an inflammatory microenvironment affects neutrophils, and how neutrophils interact with other immune cells, particularly in the context of the infected lung, may aid the design of immunomodulatory therapies. In the current review, we provide a brief overview of the mechanisms that underpin pathogen clearance by neutrophils and discuss their role in the context of Mtb and non-Mtb infection. Next, we examine the current evidence demonstrating how neutrophils interact with a range of human and non-human immune cells and how these interactions can differentially prime, activate and alter a repertoire of neutrophil effector functions. Furthermore, we discuss the metabolic pathways employed by neutrophils in modulating their response to activation, pathogen stimulation and infection. To conclude, we highlight knowledge gaps in the field and discuss plausible novel drug treatments that target host neutrophil metabolism and function which could hold therapeutic potential for people suffering from respiratory infections.
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Sorohan BM, Ismail G, Tacu D, Obrișcă B, Ciolan G, Gîngu C, Sinescu I, Baston C. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091041. [PMID: 36145473 PMCID: PMC9505385 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients is an important opportunistic infection with higher incidence and prevalence than in the general population and is associated with important morbidity and mortality. We performed an extensive literature review of articles published between 1 January 2000 and 15 June 2022 to provide an evidence-based review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of TB in KT recipients. We included all studies which reported epidemiological and/or outcome data regarding active TB in KT, and we approached the diagnostic and treatment challenges according to the current guidelines. Prevalence of active TB in KT recipients ranges between 0.3–15.2%. KT recipients with active TB could have a rejection rate up to 55.6%, a rate of graft loss that varies from 2.2% to 66.6% and a mortality rate up to 60%. Understanding the epidemiological risk, risk factors, transmission modalities, diagnosis and treatment challenges is critical for clinicians in providing an appropriate management for KT with TB. Among diagnostic challenges, which are at the same time associated with delay in management, the following should be considered: atypical clinical presentation, association with co-infections, decreased predictive values of screening tests, diverse radiological aspects and particular diagnostic methods. Regarding treatment challenges in KT recipients with TB, drug interactions, drug toxicities and therapeutical adherence must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marian Sorohan
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-740156198
| | - Gener Ismail
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dorina Tacu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Obrișcă
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Ciolan
- Department of Pneumology, Marius Nasta National Institute of Pneumology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Costin Gîngu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioanel Sinescu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Baston
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
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Chaudhary K, Pennington Z, Rathod AK, Laheri V, Bapat M, Sciubba DM, Suratwala SJ. Application of the Modified Lifeso Radiographic Staging System to the Management and Outcomes for Craniocervical Tuberculosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 222:107453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gong W, Liang Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Xue Y, Mi J, Li P, Wang X, Wang L, Wu X. Prediction of Th1 and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Evaluation of Their Potential in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in a Mouse Model and in Humans. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0143822. [PMID: 35938824 PMCID: PMC9430503 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01438-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the primary source of tuberculosis (TB) but there is no suitable detection method to distinguish LTBI from active tuberculosis (ATB). In this study, five antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis belonging to LTBI and regions of difference (RDs) were selected to predict Th1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes. The immunodominant Th1 and CTL peptides were identified in mouse models, and their performance in distinguishing LTBI from ATB was determined in mice and humans. Ten Th1 and ten CTL immunodominant peptides were predicted and synthesized in vitro. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay results showed that the combination of five Th1 peptides (area under the curve [AUC] = 1, P < 0.0001; sensitivity = 100% and specificity = 93.33%), the combination of seven CTL peptides (AUC = 1, P < 0.0001; 100 and 95.24%), and the combination of four peptide pools (AUC = 1, P < 0.0001; sensitivity = 100% and specificity = 91.67%) could significantly discriminate mice with LTBI from mice with ATB or uninfected controls (UCs). The combined peptides or peptide pools induced significantly different cytokine levels between the three groups, improving their ability to differentiate ATB from LTBI. Furthermore, it was found that pool 2 could distinguish patients with ATB from UCs (AUC = 0.6728, P = 0.0041; sensitivity = 72.58% and specificity = 59.46%). The combination of Th1 and CTL immunodominant peptides derived from LTBI-RD antigens might be a promising strategy for diagnosing ATB and LTBI in mice and patients with ATB and uninfected controls. IMPORTANCE Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a challenging problem in preventing, diagnosing, and treating tuberculosis (TB). The innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for eliminating or killing the mycobacteria. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) present and display mycobacterium peptides on their surfaces, and recognition between T cells and APCs is based on some essential peptides rather than the full-length protein. Therefore, the selection of candidate antigens and the prediction and screening of potential immunodominant peptides have become a key to designing a new generation of TB diagnostic biomarkers. This study is the first to report that the combination of Th1 and CTL immunodominant peptides derived from LTBI-RD antigens can distinguish LTBI from active TB (ATB) in animals and ATB patients from uninfected individuals. These findings provide a novel insight for discovering potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of ATB and LTBI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinping Liu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Mi
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pengchuan Li
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoou Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Pérez-Rodríguez S, Borau C, García-Aznar JM, Gonzalo-Asensio J. A microfluidic-based analysis of 3D macrophage migration after stimulation by Mycobacterium, Salmonella and Escherichia. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:211. [PMID: 36045335 PMCID: PMC9429415 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role in the process of recognition and containment of microbial infections. These immune cells are recruited to infectious sites to reach and phagocytose pathogens. Specifically, in this article, bacteria from the genus Mycobacterium, Salmonella and Escherichia, were selected to study the directional macrophage movement towards different bacterial fractions. We recreated a three-dimensional environment in a microfluidic device, using a collagen-based hydrogel that simulates the mechanical microarchitecture associated to the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). First, we showed that macrophage migration is affected by the collagen concentration of their environment, migrating greater distances at higher velocities with decreasing collagen concentrations. To recreate the infectious microenvironment, macrophages were exposed to lateral gradients of bacterial fractions obtained from the intracellular pathogens M. tuberculosis and S. typhimurium. Our results showed that macrophages migrated directionally, and in a concentration-dependent manner, towards the sites where bacterial fractions are located, suggesting the presence of attractants molecules in all the samples. We confirmed that purified M. tuberculosis antigens, as ESAT-6 and CFP-10, stimulated macrophage recruitment in our device. Finally, we also observed that macrophages migrate towards fractions from non-pathogenic bacteria, such as M. smegmatis and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, our microfluidic device is a useful tool which opens new perspectives to study the recognition of specific antigens by innate immune cells.
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Sobral L, Arriaga MB, Souza AB, Araújo-Pereira M, Barreto-Duarte B, Sales C, Rocha MS, Benjamin A, Moreira AS, de Oliveira JG, Carvalho AC, Spener-Gomes R, Figueiredo MC, Cavalcante S, Durovni B, Lapa-e-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Cordeiro-Santos M, Andrade BB. Determinants of losses in the tuberculosis infection cascade of care among children and adolescent contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases: A Brazilian multi-centre longitudinal study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 15:100358. [PMID: 36438860 PMCID: PMC9696515 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Approximately 10% of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden is in children. Identification, diagnosis, and early treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TBI) is critical to prevent progression to TB in children. The risk of TB, including severe disease, is highest in children <5 years old. We evaluated the cascade of TBI care among child and adolescent TB contacts to identify factors associated with losses in the cascade. Methods Close contacts ≤ 18 years old of pulmonary TB patients enrolled between 2015 and 2019 in a multi-centre Brazilian cohort were followed for up to 24 months and classified according to age groups: <5 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years and 15-18 years. Data on clinical investigation, radiographic examination, IGRA testing at baseline and 6 months, initiation and completion of TB preventive treatment (TPT) were collected. Multivariable regression analyses identified factors associated with TBI and losses in the cascade of care in children and adolescents. Findings Among 1795 TB contacts initially identified, 530 (29·5%) were ≤18 years old. Losses for all steps in the cascade were especially high in children <5 years old (88%) because at this age all contacts are recommended to initiate TPT. As a proportion of all children, completion of TPT was low (between 10% and 13%) in all age-groups. Furthermore, multivariable regression revealed that younger age of contacts and TB index cases who were female, had pulmonary cavities, and persistent cough were independently associated with losses in the cascade of care among persons ≤18 years old. Interpretation Losses in the TBI cascade were the highest among children <5 years, which was the group at highest risk for TB among the four age groups. The findings highlight the need to improve screening, initiation, and completion of TPT of young children who are close contacts of people with TB in Brazil. Funding National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Sobral
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
| | - María B. Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexandra B. Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio Sales
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Michael S. Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aline Benjamin
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S.R. Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Anna Cristina Carvalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Spener-Gomes
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Marina C. Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Betina Durovni
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R. Lapa-e-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L. Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria C. Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R. Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Corresponding author at: Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil.
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Adefuye MA, Manjunatha N, Ganduri V, Rajasekaran K, Duraiyarasan S, Adefuye BO. Tuberculosis and Cardiovascular Complications: An Overview. Cureus 2022; 14:e28268. [PMID: 36158349 PMCID: PMC9491794 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a dominant cause of mortality from a single infectious disease agent. It is a global health issue that has been tagged as a public health emergency for decades. The disease process, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), affects the respiratory system as well as many other organ systems in the body, such as the lymphatic system, central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal system, and cardiovascular system (CVS). Generally, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with most of the mortality in low and middle-income countries. Also, the high mortality rate of TB is skewed to these regions, making the mortality of TB with CVS involvement exceptionally high. The multisystemic involvement of TB impacts the cardiovascular system in various forms. While pericarditis caused by TB is quite common, other complications like myocarditis, coronary artery disease, and aortitis are rarer, necessitating a high index of suspicion and holistic management. This article reviews the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications in TB, highlighting mechanisms of occurrence, common complications, management protocols, and prognostic factors. Our review highlights some of the gaps in understanding cardiovascular complications in TB, necessitating further research to investigate causal mechanisms and treatment.
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231
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Bahlool AZ, Fattah S, O’Sullivan A, Cavanagh B, MacLoughlin R, Keane J, O’Sullivan MP, Cryan SA. Development of Inhalable ATRA-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles as Host-Directed Immunotherapy against Tuberculosis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081745. [PMID: 36015371 PMCID: PMC9415714 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing new effective treatment strategies to overcome the rise in multi-drug resistant tuberculosis cases (MDR-TB) represents a global challenge. A host-directed therapy (HDT), acting on the host immune response rather than Mtb directly, could address these resistance issues. We developed an HDT for targeted TB treatment, using All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) that are suitable for nebulization. Efficacy studies conducted on THP-1 differentiated cells infected with the H37Ra avirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain, have shown a dose-dependent reduction in H37Ra growth as determined by the BACT/ALERT® system. Confocal microscopy images showed efficient and extensive cellular delivery of ATRA-PLGA NPs into THP-1-derived macrophages. A commercially available vibrating mesh nebulizer was used to generate nanoparticle-loaded droplets with a mass median aerodynamic diameter of 2.13 μm as measured by cascade impaction, and a volumetric median diameter of 4.09 μm as measured by laser diffraction. In an adult breathing simulation experiment, 65.1% of the ATRA PLGA-NP dose was inhaled. This targeted inhaled HDT could offer a new adjunctive TB treatment option that could enhance current dosage regimens leading to better patient prognosis and a decreasing incidence of MDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z. Bahlool
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D08 9WRT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarinj Fattah
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew O’Sullivan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd., Galway Business Park, Dangan, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd., Galway Business Park, Dangan, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D08 9WRT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary P. O’Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D08 9WRT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI and Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), NUIG & RCSI, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Walter C, Acuña-Villaorduna C, Hochberg NS, Sinha P. Case Report: Tuberculosis Autoregression after Minimal Treatment and Review of the Literature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:tpmd210839. [PMID: 35970288 PMCID: PMC9490661 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a complex pathogen causing multiple possible disease states in its host including latency, active disease, and elimination. While there is reasonable indirect evidence of elimination of tuberculosis (TB) in the absence of treatment, direct reports of autoregression are rare. We report a case of smear-negative, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive TB disease regression in the absence of therapy due to severe adverse effects from antimycobacterial drugs. Indirect reports of TB autoregression, or self-cure, in the literature are reviewed, and an updated framework for conceptualizing Mtb infection is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Walter
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carlos Acuña-Villaorduna
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natasha S. Hochberg
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pranay Sinha
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ruggiero A, Choi HG, Barra G, Squeglia F, Back YW, Kim HJ, Berisio R. Structure based design of effective HtpG-derived vaccine antigens against M. tuberculosis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:964645. [PMID: 36032688 PMCID: PMC9403545 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.964645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine development against Tuberculosis is a strong need, given the low efficacy of the sole vaccine hitherto used, the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. The chaperone-like protein HtpGMtb of M. tuberculosis is a large dimeric and multi-domain protein with promising antigenic properties. We here used biophysical and biochemical studies to improve our understanding of the structural basis of HtpGMtb functional role and immunogenicity, a precious information to engineer improved antigens. We showed that HtpGMtb is a dimeric nucleotide-binding protein and identified the dimerisation interface on the C-terminal domain of the protein. We also showed that the most immunoreactive regions of the molecule are located on the C-terminal and middle domains of the protein, whereas no role is played by the catalytic N-terminal domain in the elicitation of the immune response. Based on these observations, we experimentally validated our predictions in mice, using a plethora of immunological assays. As an outcome, we designed vaccine antigens with enhanced biophysical properties and ease of production, albeit conserved or enhanced antigenic properties. Our results prove the efficacy of structural vaccinology approaches in improving our understanding of the structural basis of immunogenicity, a precious information to engineer more stable, homogeneous, efficiently produced, and effective vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ruggiero
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Han-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Giovanni Barra
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Flavia Squeglia
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Young Woo Back
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hwa-Jung Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hwa-Jung Kim, ; Rita Berisio,
| | - Rita Berisio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy
- *Correspondence: Hwa-Jung Kim, ; Rita Berisio,
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234
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Kim M, Johnson CE, Schmalstig AA, Annis A, Wessel SE, Van Horn B, Schauer A, Exner AA, Stout JE, Wahl A, Braunstein M, Victor Garcia J, Kovarova M. A long-acting formulation of rifabutin is effective for prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4455. [PMID: 35941109 PMCID: PMC9360445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Successful treatment requires strict adherence to drug regimens for prolonged periods of time. Long-acting (LA) delivery systems have the potential to improve adherence. Here, we show the development of LA injectable drug formulations of the anti-TB drug rifabutin made of biodegradable polymers and biocompatible solvents that solidifies after subcutaneous injection. Addition of amphiphilic compounds increases drug solubility, allowing to significantly increase formulation drug load. Solidified implants have organized microstructures that change with formulation composition. Higher drug load results in smaller pore size that alters implant erosion and allows sustained drug release. The translational relevance of these observations in BALB/c mice is demonstrated by (1) delivering high plasma drug concentrations for 16 weeks, (2) preventing acquisition of Mtb infection, and (3) clearing acute Mtb infection from the lung and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manse Kim
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claire E Johnson
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alan A Schmalstig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ayano Annis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Wessel
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian Van Horn
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amanda Schauer
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Agata A Exner
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jason E Stout
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Angela Wahl
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Miriam Braunstein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Victor Garcia
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Martina Kovarova
- International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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235
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Pediatric Tuberculosis Management: A Global Challenge or Breakthrough? CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081120. [PMID: 36010011 PMCID: PMC9406656 DOI: 10.3390/children9081120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Managing pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem requiring urgent and long-lasting solutions as TB is one of the top ten causes of ill health and death in children as well as adolescents universally. Minors are particularly susceptible to this severe illness that can be fatal post-infection or even serve as reservoirs for future disease outbreaks. However, pediatric TB is the least prioritized in most health programs and optimal infection/disease control has been quite neglected for this specialized patient category, as most scientific and clinical research efforts focus on developing novel management strategies for adults. Moreover, the ongoing coronavirus pandemic has meaningfully hindered the gains and progress achieved with TB prophylaxis, therapy, diagnosis, and global eradication goals for all affected persons of varying age bands. Thus, the opening of novel research activities and opportunities that can provide more insight and create new knowledge specifically geared towards managing TB disease in this specialized group will significantly improve their well-being and longevity.
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Díaz-Fernández S, Villar-Hernández R, Stojanovic Z, Fernández M, Galvão MLDS, Tolosa G, Sánchez-Montalva A, Abad J, Jiménez-Fuentes MÁ, Safont G, Romero I, Sabrià J, Prat C, Domínguez J, Latorre I. Study of CD27, CD38, HLA-DR and Ki-67 immune profiles for the characterization of active tuberculosis, latent infection and end of treatment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:885312. [PMID: 35935194 PMCID: PMC9354672 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.885312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current blood-based diagnostic tools for TB are insufficient to properly characterize the distinct stages of TB, from the latent infection (LTBI) to its active form (aTB); nor can they assess treatment efficacy. Several immune cell biomarkers have been proposed as potential candidates for the development of improved diagnostic tools. Objective To compare the capacity of CD27, HLA-DR, CD38 and Ki-67 markers to characterize LTBI, active TB and patients who ended treatment and resolved TB. Methods Blood was collected from 45 patients defined according to clinical and microbiological criteria as: LTBI, aTB with less than 1 month of treatment and aTB after completing treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with ESAT-6/CFP-10 or PPD antigens and acquired for flow cytometry after labelling with conjugated antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, CD27, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CD38, HLA-DR, and Ki-67. Conventional and multiparametric analyses were done with FlowJo and OMIQ, respectively. Results The expression of CD27, CD38, HLA-DR and Ki-67 markers was analyzed in CD4+ T-cells producing IFN-γ and/or TNF-α cytokines after ESAT-6/CFP-10 or PPD stimulation. Within antigen-responsive CD4+ T-cells, CD27− and CD38+ (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific), and HLA-DR+ and Ki-67+ (PPD- and ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) populations were significantly increased in aTB compared to LTBI. Ki-67 demonstrated the best discriminative performance as evaluated by ROC analyses (AUC > 0.9 after PPD stimulation). Data also points to a significant change in the expression of CD38 (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) and Ki-67 (PPD- and ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) after ending the anti-TB treatment regimen. Furthermore, ratio based on the CD27 median fluorescence intensity in CD4+ T-cells over Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells showed a positive association with aTB over LTBI (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific). Additionally, multiparametric FlowSOM analyses revealed an increase in CD27 cell clusters and a decrease in HLA-DR cell clusters within Mtb-specific populations after the end of treatment. Conclusion Our study independently confirms that CD27−, CD38+, HLA-DR+ and Ki-67+ populations on Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells are increased during active TB disease. Multiparametric analyses unbiasedly identify clusters based on CD27 or HLA-DR whose abundance can be related to treatment efficacy. Further studies are necessary to pinpoint the convergence between conventional and multiparametric approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Díaz-Fernández
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Villar-Hernández
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoran Stojanovic
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Fernández
- Plataforma de Citometría, Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Adrián Sánchez-Montalva
- Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Estudio de micobacterias (GEIM), Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Abad
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Guillem Safont
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iris Romero
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Prat
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jose Domínguez
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Latorre
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Irene Latorre,
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237
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Kathamuthu GR, Bhavani PK, Singh M, Saini JK, Aggarwal A, Ansari MSS, Garg R, Babu S. High-Dose Rifampicin Mediated Systemic Alterations of Cytokines, Chemokines, Growth Factors, Microbial Translocation Markers, and Acute-Phase Proteins in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896551. [PMID: 35910352 PMCID: PMC9335011 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-dose rifampicin (HDR) is now undergoing clinical trials to improve the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). However, the influence of HDR in the modulation of different cytokines, chemokines/growth factors, microbial translocation markers (MTMs), and acute-phase proteins (APPs) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is not well known. PTB individuals were separated into three different arms (R10, R25, and R35) based on their rifampicin dosage. We examined the circulating levels of Type 1, Type 2, pro-inflammatory/regulatory cytokines, chemokines/growth factors, MTMs, and APPs at baseline and after completion of the second month of ATT by ELISA. The baseline levels of cytokines, chemokines/growth factors, MTMs, and APPs did not (except IL-5, IL-6, IL-17A, MCP-1, MIP-1β, GCSF, SAA, ⍺2 MG, Hp) significantly differ between the study individuals. However, at the second month, the plasma levels of Type 1 (TNFα and IFNγ), Type 2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), pro-inflammatory/regulatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17A, IL-10, and GMCSF), and APPs were significantly decreased in R35 regimen- compared to R25 and/or R10 regimen-treated PTB individuals. In contrast, the plasma levels of IL-2, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1β, GSF, and MTMs were significantly increased in the R35 regimen compared to R25 and/or R10 regimen-treated PTB individuals. Overall, our data reveal that HDR could potentially be beneficial for host immunity by altering different immune and inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Raj Kathamuthu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: Gokul Raj Kathamuthu,
| | | | - Manjula Singh
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ashutosh Aggarwal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Rajiv Garg
- King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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238
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Dinkele R, Gessner S, McKerry A, Leonard B, Leukes J, Seldon R, Warner DF, Wood R. Aerosolization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Tidal Breathing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:206-216. [PMID: 35584342 PMCID: PMC9887416 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202110-2378oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Interrupting tuberculosis (TB) transmission requires an improved understanding of how and when the causative organism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is aerosolized. Although cough is commonly assumed to be the dominant source of Mtb aerosols, recent evidence of cough-independent Mtb release implies the contribution of alternative mechanisms. Objectives: To compare the aerosolization of Mtb bacilli and total particulate matter from patients with TB during three separate respiratory maneuvers: tidal breathing (TiBr), FVC, and cough. Methods: Bioaerosol sampling and Mtb enumeration by live-cell, fluorescence microscopy were combined with real-time measurement of CO2 concentration and total particle counts from 38 patients with GeneXpert-positive TB before treatment initiation. Measurements and Main Results: For all maneuvers, the proportions of particles detected across five size categories were similar, with most particles falling between 0.5-5 μm. Although total particle counts were 4.8-fold greater in cough samples than either TiBr or FVC, all three maneuvers returned similar rates of positivity for Mtb. No correlation was observed between total particle production and Mtb count. Instead, for total Mtb counts, the variability between individuals was greater than the variability between sampling maneuvers. Finally, when modelled using 24-hour breath and cough frequencies, our data indicate that TiBr might contribute more than 90% of the daily aerosolized Mtb among symptomatic patients with TB. Conclusions: Assuming the number of viable Mtb organisms released offers a reliable proxy of patient infectiousness, our observations imply that TiBr and interindividual variability in Mtb release might be significant contributors to TB transmission among active cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dinkele
- South African Medical Research Council/National Health Laboratory Services/University of Cape Town Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit & Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology,,Institute of Infectious Diseases
and Molecular Medicine
| | - Sophia Gessner
- South African Medical Research Council/National Health Laboratory Services/University of Cape Town Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit & Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology,,Institute of Infectious Diseases
and Molecular Medicine
| | - Andrea McKerry
- Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bryan Leonard
- Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Juane Leukes
- Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ronnett Seldon
- Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Digby F. Warner
- South African Medical Research Council/National Health Laboratory Services/University of Cape Town Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit & Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology,,Institute of Infectious Diseases
and Molecular Medicine,,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Robin Wood
- Institute of Infectious Diseases
and Molecular Medicine,,Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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239
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Zimmer AJ, Ugarte-Gil C, Pathri R, Dewan P, Jaganath D, Cattamanchi A, Pai M, Grandjean Lapierre S. Making cough count in tuberculosis care. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:83. [PMID: 35814294 PMCID: PMC9258463 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cough assessment is central to the clinical management of respiratory diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), but strategies to objectively and unobtrusively measure cough are lacking. Acoustic epidemiology is an emerging field that uses technology to detect cough sounds and analyze cough patterns to improve health outcomes among people with respiratory conditions linked to cough. This field is increasingly exploring the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for more advanced applications, such as analyzing cough sounds as a biomarker for disease screening. While much of the data are preliminary, objective cough assessment could potentially transform disease control programs, including TB, and support individual patient management. Here, we present an overview of recent advances in this field and describe how cough assessment, if validated, could support public health programs at various stages of the TB care cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. Zimmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - César Ugarte-Gil
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Puneet Dewan
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Devan Jaganath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
- Center for Tuberculosis, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
| | - Adithya Cattamanchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
- Center for Tuberculosis, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
| | - Madhukar Pai
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Simon Grandjean Lapierre
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Immunopathology Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC Canada
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240
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Xu P, Yang K, Yang L, Wang Z, Jin F, Wang Y, Feng J. Next-Generation Metagenome Sequencing Shows Superior Diagnostic Performance in Acid-Fast Staining Sputum Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:898195. [PMID: 35847073 PMCID: PMC9283093 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.898195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the clinical value of next-generation metagenome sequencing (mNGS) using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from patients with acid-fast staining (AFS) sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Data corresponding to hospitalized patients with pulmonary infection admitted to the hospital between July 2018 and July 2021, who were finally diagnosed with AFS sputum smear-negative PTB and NTM-PD, were retrospectively analyzed. Bronchoscopy data as well as mNGS, Xpert, AFS (BALF analysis), and T-SPOT (blood) data, were extracted from medical records. Thereafter, the diagnostic performances of these methods with respect to PTB and NTM-PD were compared. Seventy-one patients with PTB and 23 with NTM-PD were included in the study. The sensitivities of mNGS, Xpert, T-SPOT, and AFS for the diagnosis of PTB were 94.4% (67/71), 85.9% (61/71), 64.8% (46/71), and 28.2% (20/71), respectively, and the diagnostic sensitivity of mNGS combined with Xpert was the highest (97.2%, 67/71). The specificity of Xpert was 100%, while those of AFS and T-SPOT were 73.9% (17/23) and 91.3% (21/23), respectively. Further, the 23 patients with NTM-PD could be identified using mNGS, and in the population with immunosuppression, the sensitivities of mNGS, Xpert, T-SPOT, and AFS were 93.5% (29/31), 80.6% (25/31), 48.4% (15/31), and 32.3% (10/31), respectively, and the diagnostic sensitivity of mNGS combined with Xpert was the highest (100%, 31/31). The specificities of Xpert and T-SPOT in this regard were both 100%, while that of AFS was 40% (2/5). Furthermore, using mNGS, all the NTM samples could be identified. Thus, the analysis of BALF samples using mNGS has a high accuracy in the differential diagnosis of MTB and NTM. Further, mNGS combined with Xpert can improve the detection of MTB, especially in AFS sputum smear-negative samples from patients with compromised immune states or poor responses to empirical antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongli Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yubao Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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241
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High-resolution crystal structure of LpqH, an immunomodulatory surface lipoprotein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals a distinct fold and a conserved cleft on its surface. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:494-503. [PMID: 35504420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is predominantly a disease of the lungs acquired by inhaling mycobacteria from infected individuals via airborne droplets. In order to facilitate their entry into the alveolar macrophages, mycobacteria have a collection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on their surface that are known to detect certain pattern recognition receptors present on the surface of host cells. A major group of these PAMPs includes mycobacterial lipoproteins, of which, the 19 kDa surface antigen LpqH, has been reported to play a critical role in both host-pathogen interactions as well as pleiotropic immune regulation. Despite its crucial involvement in tuberculosis, the detailed structure-function relationship of this protein remains to be explored. Here, we report the high-resolution crystal structure of the non-acylated LpqH (LpqH48-159) at a resolution of 1.26 Å, which adopts a unique fold. Flow cytometry-based experiments show that the protein can bind and induce apoptosis in PMA-activated human monocytic cell line THP-1, indicative of the preservation of functionality of the protein. Furthermore, analysis of conservation of LpqH sequences from Mycobacterium species reveals a patch of conserved residues on the surface which may play a role in its binding partner recognition and hence in host-pathogen interaction.
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Arica-Sosa A, Alcántara R, Jiménez-Avalos G, Zimic M, Milón P, Quiliano M. Identifying RO9021 as a Potential Inhibitor of PknG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Combinative Computational and In Vitro Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:20204-20218. [PMID: 35721990 PMCID: PMC9201901 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Despite being considered curable and preventable, the increase of antibiotic resistance is becoming a serious public health problem. Mtb is a pathogen capable of surviving in macrophages, causing long-term latent infection where the mycobacterial serine/threonine protein kinase G (PknG) plays a protective role. Therefore, PknG is an important inhibitory target to prevent Mtb from entering the latency stage. In this study, we use a pharmacophore-based virtual screening and biochemical assays to identify the compound RO9021 (CHEMBL3237561) as a PknG inhibitor. In detail, 1.5 million molecules were screened using a scalable cloud-based setup, identifying 689 candidates, which were further subjected to additional screening employing molecular docking. Molecular docking spotted 62 compounds with estimated binding affinities of -7.54 kcal/mol (s.d. = 0.77 kcal/mol). Finally, 14 compounds were selected for in vitro experiments considering previously reported biological activities and commercial availability. In vitro assays of PknG activity showed that RO9021 inhibits the kinase activity similarly to AX20017, a known inhibitor. The inhibitory effect was found to be dose dependent with a relative IC50 value of 4.4 ± 1.1 μM. Molecular dynamics simulations predicted that the PknG-RO9021 complex is stable along the tested timescale. Altogether, our study indicates that RO9021 is a noteworthy drug candidate for further developing new anti-TB drugs that hold excellent reported pharmacokinetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Arica-Sosa
- Drug
Development and Innovation Group, Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana
de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 15023 Lima, Peru
| | - Roberto Alcántara
- Drug
Development and Innovation Group, Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana
de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 15023 Lima, Peru
- Applied
Biophysics and Biochemistry Group, Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana
de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 15023 Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel Jiménez-Avalos
- Laboratorio
de Bioinformática, Biología Molecular y Desarrollos
Tecnológicos, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Departamento
de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Universidad
Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), 15102 Lima, Peru
| | - Mirko Zimic
- Laboratorio
de Bioinformática, Biología Molecular y Desarrollos
Tecnológicos, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Departamento
de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Universidad
Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), 15102 Lima, Peru
| | - Pohl Milón
- Applied
Biophysics and Biochemistry Group, Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana
de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 15023 Lima, Peru
| | - Miguel Quiliano
- Drug
Development and Innovation Group, Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana
de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 15023 Lima, Peru
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Dong Y, Feng Y, Ou X, Liu C, Fan W, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Zhou X. Genomic analysis of diversity, biogeography, and drug resistance in Mycobacterium bovis. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e2769-e2778. [PMID: 35695307 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis is the cause of bovine tuberculosis, and it can also cause disease in humans, with symptoms similar to those caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, our understanding of its genomic diversity, biogeography, and drug resistance remains incomplete. We performed a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of 3,228 M. bovis genomes from 24 countries. Following drug susceptibility testing, we applied a bacterial genome-wide association study to capture associations between genomic variation and drug resistance in 74 newly isolated strains from China. The data show that the cattle-adapted M. bovis were divided into six lineages with a strong phylogeographical population structure. Lineage 1 and Lineage 6 are the most widespread globally, while others show a strong geographical restriction. 17.39% of M. bovis isolates were resistant to at least one drug in China. Furthermore, we identify genomic variations associated with an increased risk of resistance acquisition. This study furthers our knowledge of M. bovis diversity, biogeography, and drug resistance and will facilitate more deeply informed genomic tracking and surveillance to minimize its threat to human health, as a cause of zoonotic tuberculosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xichao Ou
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chunfa Liu
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Weixing Fan
- National Reference Laboroatory for Animal Tuberculosis, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Wiull K, Boysen P, Kuczkowska K, Moen LF, Carlsen H, Eijsink VGH, Mathiesen G. Comparison of the Immunogenic Properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Carrying the Mycobacterial Ag85B-ESAT-6 Antigen at Various Cellular Localizations. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:900922. [PMID: 35722346 PMCID: PMC9204040 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.900922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacille Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) vaccine has been used for a century; nonetheless, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world. Thus, new approaches to developing a new, more efficient vaccine are desirable. Mucosal vaccines are of particular interest, considering that Mycobacterium tuberculosis first enters the body through the mucosal membranes. We have previously demonstrated the immunogenicity of a recombinant Lactiplantibacillus plantarum delivery vector with TB hybrid antigen Ag85B-ESAT-6 anchored to the cell membrane. The goal of the present study was to analyze the impact of antigen localization in the immune response. Thus, we assessed two novel vaccine candidates, with the TB antigen either non-covalently anchored to the cell wall (LysMAgE6) or located intracellularly (CytAgE6). In addition, we compared two expression systems, using an inducible (LipoAgE6) or a constitutive promoter (cLipoAgE6) for expression of covalently anchored antigen to the cell membrane. Following administration to mice, antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ and IL-17A secretion were analyzed for lung cell and splenocyte populations. Generally, the immune response in lung cells was stronger compared to splenocytes. The analyses showed that the type of expression system did not significantly affect the immunogenicity, while various antigen localizations resulted in markedly different responses. The immune response was considerably stronger for the surface-displaying candidate strains compared to the candidate with an intracellular antigen. These findings emphasize the significance of antigen exposure and further support the potential of L. plantarum as a mucosal vaccine delivery vehicle in the fight against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Wiull
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- *Correspondence: Kamilla Wiull,
| | - Preben Boysen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Katarzyna Kuczkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Lars Fredrik Moen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Harald Carlsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G. H. Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Geir Mathiesen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Geir Mathiesen,
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State of the Art in Smart Portable, Wearable, Ingestible and Implantable Devices for Health Status Monitoring and Disease Management. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114228. [PMID: 35684847 PMCID: PMC9185336 DOI: 10.3390/s22114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Several illnesses that are chronic and acute are becoming more relevant as the world's aging population expands, and the medical sector is transforming rapidly, as a consequence of which the need for "point-of-care" (POC), identification/detection, and real time management of health issues that have been required for a long time are increasing. Biomarkers are biological markers that help to detect status of health or disease. Biosensors' applications are for screening for early detection, chronic disease treatment, health management, and well-being surveillance. Smart devices that allow continual monitoring of vital biomarkers for physiological health monitoring, medical diagnosis, and assessment are becoming increasingly widespread in a variety of applications, ranging from biomedical to healthcare systems of surveillance and monitoring. The term "smart" is used due to the ability of these devices to extract data with intelligence and in real time. Wearable, implantable, ingestible, and portable devices can all be considered smart devices; this is due to their ability of smart interpretation of data, through their smart sensors or biosensors and indicators. Wearable and portable devices have progressed more and more in the shape of various accessories, integrated clothes, and body attachments and inserts. Moreover, implantable and ingestible devices allow for the medical diagnosis and treatment of patients using tiny sensors and biomedical gadgets or devices have become available, thus increasing the quality and efficacy of medical treatments by a significant margin. This article summarizes the state of the art in portable, wearable, ingestible, and implantable devices for health status monitoring and disease management and their possible applications. It also identifies some new technologies that have the potential to contribute to the development of personalized care. Further, these devices are non-invasive in nature, providing information with accuracy and in given time, thus making these devices important for the future use of humanity.
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246
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Zhang X, Chen C, Xu Y. Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883513. [PMID: 35633669 PMCID: PMC9130765 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading lethal infectious disease with 1.3 million deaths in 2020. Despite significant advances have been made in detection techniques and therapeutic approaches for tuberculosis, no suitable diagnostic tools are available for early and precise screening. Many studies have reported that Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a regulatory role in gene expression in the host immune response against Mtb. Dysregulation of lncRNAs expression patterns associated with immunoregulatory pathways arose in mycobacterial infection. Meanwhile, host-induced lncRNAs regulate antibacterial processes such as apoptosis and autophagy to limit bacterial proliferation. In this review, we try to summarize the latest reports on how dysregulated expressed lncRNAs influence host immune response in tuberculosis infection. We also discuss their potential clinical prospects for tuberculosis diagnosis and development as molecular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyi Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chan Chen
- The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuzhong Xu
- The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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247
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Gairola A, Benjamin A, Weatherston JD, Cirillo JD, Wu HJ. Recent Developments in Drug Delivery for Treatment of Tuberculosis by Targeting Macrophages. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022; 5:2100193. [PMID: 36203881 PMCID: PMC9531895 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the greatest public health and safety concerns in the 21st century, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes TB, infects alveolar macrophages and uses these cells as one of its primary sites of replication. The current TB treatment regimen, which consist of chemotherapy involving a combination of 3-4 antimicrobials for a duration of 6-12 months, is marked with significant side effects, toxicity, and poor compliance. Targeted drug delivery offers a strategy that could overcome many of the problems of current TB treatment by specifically targeting infected macrophages. Recent advances in nanotechnology and material science have opened an avenue to explore drug carriers that actively and passively target macrophages. This approach can increase the drug penetration into macrophages by using ligands on the nanocarrier that interact with specific receptors for macrophages. This review encompasses the recent development of drug carriers specifically targeting macrophages actively and passively. Future directions and challenges associated with development of effective TB treatment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Gairola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron Benjamin
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua D Weatherston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Cirillo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Hung-Jen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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248
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Nwongbouwoh Muefong C, Owolabi O, Donkor S, Charalambous S, Bakuli A, Rachow A, Geldmacher C, Sutherland JS. Neutrophils Contribute to Severity of Tuberculosis Pathology and Recovery From Lung Damage Pre- and Posttreatment. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 74:1757-1766. [PMID: 34427644 PMCID: PMC9155606 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite microbiological cure, about 50% of tuberculosis (TB) patients have poor lung recovery. Neutrophils are associated with lung pathology; however, CD16/CD62L-defined subsets have not been studied in TB. Using flow cytometry, we monitored frequencies, phenotype, and function of neutrophils following stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) whole cell lysate (WCL) and ESAT-6/CFP-10 fusion protein (EC) in relation to lung pathology. METHODS Fresh blood from 42 adult, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative TB patients were analyzed pre- and post-therapy, with disease severity determined using chest radiography and bacterial load. Flow cytometry was used to monitor frequencies, phenotype, and function (generation of reactive oxygen species [ROS], together with CD11b, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin 10 [IL-10] expression) of neutrophils following 2-hour stimulation with Mtb-specific antigens. RESULTS Total neutrophils decreased by post-treatment compared to baseline (P = .0059); however, CD16brCD62Lbr (segmented) neutrophils increased (P = .0031) and CD16dimCD62Lbr (banded) neutrophils decreased (P = .038). Banded neutrophils were lower in patients with severe lung damage at baseline (P = .035). Following WCL stimulation, ROS from segmented neutrophils was higher in patients with low Mtb loads even after adjusting for sex (P = .038), whereas IL-10-expressing CD16dimCD62Llo cells were higher in patients with mild damage (P = .0397) at baseline. CONCLUSIONS High ROS generation, low levels of banded neutrophils, and high levels of IL-10-expressing CD16dimCD62Llo neutrophils are associated with reduced lung pathology at diagnosis. Hence, neutrophils are potential early indicators of TB severity and promising targets for TB host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Nwongbouwoh Muefong
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olumuyiwa Owolabi
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Simon Donkor
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | | | - Abhishek Bakuli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Rachow
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Geldmacher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jayne S Sutherland
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
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249
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Chen J, Lee C, Lee M, Huang P, Yen T, Lee M, Tsai C, Wang J, Lee J. Bisphosphonate Use Is Not Associated with Tuberculosis Risk Among Patients With Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study. J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 62:1412-1418. [DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Hua Chen
- Biostatistics Center College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of DataScience College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research Wanfang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Meng‐Rui Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin‐Chu Branch Hsin‐Chu Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Yu Huang
- School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tzu‐Hsin Yen
- School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Chia Lee
- School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy New Taipei City Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan
- Department of Nursing Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching‐Wen Tsai
- Health Data Analytics and Statistics Center Office Of Data Science Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jann‐Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jen‐Ai Lee
- School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
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250
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Fisher KL, Moodley D, Rajkumar-Bhugeloo K, Baiyegunhi OO, Karim F, Ndlovu H, Ndung’u T, Marakalala MJ. Elevated IP-10 at the Protein and Gene Level Associates With Pulmonary TB. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:908144. [PMID: 35694534 PMCID: PMC9184682 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.908144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for accurate and sensitive diagnostic tools that can overcome the current challenge to distinguish individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from individuals with active tuberculosis (TB). Recent literature has suggested that a group of cytokines may serve as biomarkers of TB disease progression. Using a multiplex ELISA, we quantified 27 circulatory markers present within the unstimulated plasma of individuals in Durban, South Africa who were healthy (n=20), LTBI (n=13), or had active TB (n=30). RT-qPCR was performed to measure gene expression of the cytokines of interest, using RNA isolated from healthy (n=20), LTBI (n=20), or active TB (n=30). We found that at the protein level, IL-1RA, IL-6, and IP-10 were significantly more abundant in participants with active TB (p< 0.05) compared to those with LTBI individuals. IP-10 also showed the strongest association with active TB compared to healthy and LTBI at mRNA level. Our data shows that these proteins may serve as biomarkers of TB at both the protein and gene level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimone L. Fisher
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Denelle Moodley
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kerishka Rajkumar-Bhugeloo
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Omolara O. Baiyegunhi
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thumbi Ndung’u
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohlopheni J. Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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