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Yu R, Li D, Du X, Xia S, Liu C, Shi G. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key cadmium transport-related genes in roots of two pak choi (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis) cultivars. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:587. [PMID: 28789614 PMCID: PMC5549386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cadmium translocation from roots to shoots is a complex biological process that is controlled by gene regulatory networks. Pak choi exhibits wide cultivar variations in Cd accumulation. However, the molecular mechanism involved in cadmium translocation and accumulation is still unclear. To isolate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in transporter-mediated regulatory mechanisms of Cd translocation in two contrasting pak choi cultivars, Baiyewuyueman (B, high Cd accumulator) and Kuishan’aijiaoheiye (K, low Cd accumulator), eight cDNA libraries from the roots of two cultivars were constructed and sequenced by RNA-sequencing. Results A total of 244,190 unigenes were obtained. Of them, 6827 DEGs, including BCd10 vs. BCd0 (690), KCd10 vs. KCd0 (2733), KCd0 vs. BCd0 (2919), and KCd10 vs. BCd10 (3455), were identified. Regulatory roles of these DEGs were annotated and clarified through GO and KEEG enrichment analysis. Interestingly, 135 DEGs encoding ion transport (i.e. ZIPs, P1B-type ATPase and MTPs) related proteins were identified. The expression patterns of ten critical genes were validated using RT-qPCR analysis. Furthermore, a putative model of cadmium translocation regulatory network in pak choi was proposed. Conclusions High Cd cultivar (Baiyewuyueman) showed higher expression levels in plasma membrane-localized transport genes (i.e., ZIP2, ZIP3, IRT1, HMA2 and HMA4) and tonoplast-localized transport genes (i.e., CAX4, HMA3, MRP7, MTP3 and COPT5) than low Cd cultivar (Kuishan’aijiaoheiye). These genes, therefore, might be involved in root-to-shoot Cd translocation in pak choi. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3973-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugang Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Du
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangrong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, People's Republic of China.
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202
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Bahmani R, Kim D, Lee BD, Hwang S. Over-expression of tobacco UBC1 encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme increases cadmium tolerance by activating the 20S/26S proteasome and by decreasing Cd accumulation and oxidative stress in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:433-451. [PMID: 28508171 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin (Ub)-conjugating enzyme (UBC, E2) receives Ub from Ub-activating enzyme (E1) and transfers it to target proteins, thereby playing a key role in Ub/26S proteasome-dependent proteolysis. UBC has been reported to be involved in tolerating abiotic stress in plants, including drought, salt, osmotic and water stresses. To isolate the genes involved in Cd tolerance, we transformed WT (wild-type) yeast Y800 with a tobacco cDNA expression library and isolated a tobacco cDNA, NtUBC1 (Ub-conjugating enzyme), that enhances cadmium tolerance. When NtUBC1 was over-expressed in tobacco, cadmium tolerance was enhanced, but the Cd level was decreased. Interestingly, 20S proteasome activity was increased and ubiquitinated protein levels were diminished in response to cadmium in NtUBC1 tobacco. By contrast, proteasome activity was decreased and ubiquitinated protein levels were slightly enhanced by Cd treatment in control tobacco, which is sensitive to Cd. Moreover, the oxidative stress level was induced to a lesser extent by Cd in NtUBC1 tobacco compared with control plants, which is ascribed to the higher activity of antioxidant enzymes in NtUBC1 tobacco. In addition, NtUBC1 tobacco displayed a reduced accumulation of Cd compared with the control, likely due to the higher expression of CAX3 (Ca2+/H+ exchanger) and the lower expression of IRT1 (iron-responsive transporter 1) and HMA-A and -B (heavy metal ATPase). In contrast, atubc1 and atubc1atubc2 Arabidopsis exhibited lower Cd tolerance and proteasome activity than WT. In conclusion, NtUBC1 expression promotes cadmium tolerance likely by removing cadmium-damaged proteins via Ub/26S proteasome-dependent proteolysis or the Ub-independent 20S proteasome and by diminishing oxidative stress through the activation of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing Cd accumulation due to higher CAX3 and lower IRT1 and HMA-A/B expression in response to 50 µM Cd challenge for 3 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Bahmani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - DongGwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbin Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.
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203
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Liu H, Zhao H, Wu L, Liu A, Zhao FJ, Xu W. Heavy metal ATPase 3 (HMA3) confers cadmium hypertolerance on the cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:687-698. [PMID: 28574163 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to most organisms, but some rare plant species can hyperaccumulate Cd in aboveground tissues without suffering from toxicity. The mechanism underlying Cd detoxification by hyperaccumulators is interesting but unclear. Here, the heavy metal ATPase 3 (SpHMA3) gene responsible for Cd detoxification was isolated from the Cd/zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing and overexpression of SpHMA3 were induced to investigate its physiological functions in S. plumbizincicola and a nonhyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii. Heterologous expression of SpHMA3 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed Cd-specific transport activity. SpHMA3 was highly expressed in the shoots and the protein was localized to the tonoplast. The SpHMA3-RNAi lines were hypersensitive to Cd but not to Zn, with the growth of shoots and young leaves being severely inhibited by Cd. Overexpressing SpHMA3 in the nonhyperaccumulating ecotype of S. alfredii greatly increased its tolerance to and accumulation of Cd, but not Zn. These results indicate that elevated expression of the tonoplast-localized SpHMA3 in the shoots plays an essential role in Cd detoxification, which contributes to the maintenance of the normal growth of young leaves of S. plumbizincicola in Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Anna Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenzhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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204
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Natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana Cd responses and the detection of quantitative trait loci affecting Cd tolerance. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28623252 PMCID: PMC5473843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal tolerance is often a result of metal storage or distribution. Thus, with the goal of advancing the molecular understanding of such metal homeostatic mechanisms, natural variation of metal tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated. Substantial variation exists in tolerance of excess copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd). Two accessions, Col-0 and Bur-0, and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from these parents were chosen for further analysis of Cd and Zn tolerance variation, which is evident at different plant ages in various experimental systems and appears to be genetically linked. Three QTLs, explaining in total nearly 50% of the variation in Cd tolerance, were mapped. The one obvious candidate gene in the mapped intervals, HMA3, is unlikely to contribute to the variation. In order to identify additional candidate genes the Cd responses of Col-0 and Bur-0 were compared at the transcriptome level. The sustained common Cd response of the two accessions was dominated by processes implicated in plant pathogen defense. Accession-specific differences suggested a more efficient activation of acclimative responses as underlying the higher Cd tolerance of Bur-0. The second hypothesis derived from the physiological characterization of the accessions is a reduced Cd accumulation in Bur-0.
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205
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Kollárová K, Vatehová Z, Kučerová D, Lišková D. Cadmium impact, accumulation and detection in poplar callus cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15340-15346. [PMID: 28502051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effect of cadmium cations and their interaction with silicon cations was determined in poplar calli and expressed as changes in callus growth, cell viability and cadmium cation accumulation. Cell viability throughout culture versus cadmium cation accumulation in cells is discussed. At the same time, the study sought appropriate methods for cadmium cation detection in callus cells and also in experiments with low plant material (e.g. protoplasts). Cadmium cations were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and using fluorescence microscopy with a specific cadmium cation fluorescent dye. The detection of cadmium cations in callus cells by the latter method appears suitable because the callus cells are surrounded by primary cell walls without auto-fluorescence and these values fit well with atomic absorption spectroscopy quantification. However, the visualisation method has some limits discussed below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kollárová
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Vatehová
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Danica Kučerová
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Desana Lišková
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
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206
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Fasani E, DalCorso G, Varotto C, Li M, Visioli G, Mattarozzi M, Furini A. The MTP1 promoters from Arabidopsis halleri reveal cis-regulating elements for the evolution of metal tolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:1614-1630. [PMID: 28332702 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri, the zinc (Zn) vacuolar transporter MTP1 is a key component of hypertolerance. Because protein sequences and functions are highly conserved between A. halleri and Arabidopsis thaliana, Zn tolerance in A. halleri may reflect the constitutively higher MTP1 expression compared with A. thaliana, based on copy number expansion and different cis regulation. Three MTP1 promoters were characterized in A. halleri ecotype I16. The comparison with the A. thaliana MTP1 promoter revealed different expression profiles correlated with specific cis-acting regulatory elements. The MTP1 5' untranslated region, highly conserved among A. thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata and A. halleri, contains a dimer of MYB-binding motifs in the A. halleri promoters absent in the A. thaliana and A. lyrata sequences. Site-directed mutagenesis of these motifs revealed their role for expression in trichomes. A. thaliana mtp1 transgenic lines expressing AtMTP1 controlled by the native A. halleri promoter were more Zn-tolerant than lines carrying mutations on MYB-binding motifs. Differences in Zn tolerance were associated with different distribution of Zn among plant organs and in trichomes. The different cis-acting elements in the MTP1 promoters of A. halleri, particularly the MYB-binding sites, are probably involved in the evolution of Zn tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fasani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Giovanni DalCorso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Claudio Varotto
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige (TN), 38010, Italy
| | - Mingai Li
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige (TN), 38010, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
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207
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Metal bioremediation by CrMTP4 over-expressing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in comparison to natural wastewater-tolerant microalgae strains. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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208
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Mishra S, Mishra A, Küpper H. Protein Biochemistry and Expression Regulation of Cadmium/Zinc Pumping ATPases in the Hyperaccumulator Plants Arabidopsis halleri and Noccaea caerulescens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:835. [PMID: 28588597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
P1B-ATPases are decisive for metal accumulation phenotypes, but mechanisms of their regulation are only partially understood. Here, we studied the Cd/Zn transporting ATPases NcHMA3 and NcHMA4 from Noccaea caerulescens as well as AhHMA3 and AhHMA4 from Arabidopsis halleri. Protein biochemistry was analyzed on HMA4 purified from roots of N. caerulescens in active state. Metal titration of NcHMA4 protein with an electrochromic dye as charge indicator suggested that HMA4 reaches maximal ATPase activity when all internal high-affinity Cd2+ binding sites are occupied. Although HMA4 was reported to be mainly responsible for xylem loading of heavy metals for root to shoot transport, the current study revealed high expression of NcHMA4 in shoots as well. Further, there were additional 20 and 40 kD fragments at replete Zn2+ and toxic Cd2+, but not at deficient Zn2+ concentrations. Altogether, the protein level expression analysis suggested a more multifunctional role of NcHMA4 than previously assumed. Organ-level transcription analysis through quantitative PCR of mRNA in N. caerulescens and A. halleri confirmed the strong shoot expression of both NcHMA4 and AhHMA4. Further, in shoots NcHMA4 was more abundant in 10 μM Zn2+ and AhHMA4 in Zn2+ deficiency. In roots, NcHMA4 was up-regulated in response to deficient Zn2+ when compared to replete Zn2+ and toxic Cd2+ treatment. In both species, HMA3 was much more expressed in shoots than in roots, and HMA3 transcript levels remained rather constant regardless of Zn2+ supply, but were up-regulated by 10 μM Cd2+. Analysis of cellular expression by quantitative mRNA in situ hybridisation showed that in A. halleri, both HMA3 and HMA4 mRNA levels were highest in the mesophyll, while in N. caerulescens they were highest in the bundle sheath of the vein. This is likely related to the different final storage sites for hyperaccumulated metals in both species: epidermis in N. caerulescens, mesophyll in A. halleri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mishra
- Fachbereich Biologie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche, Universität KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Plant Ecology and Environmental Science DivisionLucknow, India
| | - Archana Mishra
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Fachbereich Biologie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche, Universität KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South BohemiaČeské Budějovice, Czechia
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209
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Keeran NS, Ganesan G, Parida AK. A novel heavy metal ATPase peptide from Prosopis juliflora is involved in metal uptake in yeast and tobacco. Transgenic Res 2017; 26:247-261. [PMID: 27888434 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-016-0002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils is one of the most severe ecological problems in the world. Prosopis juliflora, a phreatophytic tree species, grows well in heavy metal laden industrial sites and is known to accumulate heavy metals. Heavy Metal ATPases (HMAs) are ATP driven heavy metal pumps that translocate heavy metals across biological membranes thus helping the plant in heavy metal tolerance and phytoremediation. In the present study we have isolated and characterized a novel 28.9 kDa heavy metal ATPase peptide (PjHMT) from P. juliflora which shows high similarity to the C-terminal region of P1B ATPase HMA1. It also shows the absence of the invariant signature sequence DKTGT, and the metal binding CPX motif but the presence of conserved regions like MVGEGINDAPAL (ATP binding consensus sequence), HEGGTLLVCLNS (metal binding domain) and MLTGD, GEGIND and HEGG motifs which play important roles in metal transport or ATP binding. PjHMT, was found to be upregulated under cadmium and zinc stress. Heterologous expression of PjHMT in yeast showed a higher accumulation and tolerance of heavy metals in yeast. Further, transgenic tobacco plants constitutively expressing PjHMT also showed increased accumulation and tolerance to cadmium. Thus, this study suggests that the transport peptide from P. juliflora may have an important role in Cd uptake and thus in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha S Keeran
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, 3rd Cross Street, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - G Ganesan
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, 3rd Cross Street, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Ajay K Parida
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, 3rd Cross Street, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India.
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210
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Gielen H, Vangronsveld J, Cuypers A. Cd-induced Cu deficiency responses in Arabidopsis thaliana: are phytochelatins involved? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:390-400. [PMID: 27943310 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure can disturb the homeostasis of essential elements. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Cd induces a squamosa promoter binding protein-like 7 (SPL7)-dependent Cu deficiency response. We investigated how Cd induces a Cu deficiency response. The Cu deficiency response consists of the active SPL7 transcription factor binding to GTAC motifs in promoters of among others several Cu transporters, a Cu chaperone, and cupro-miRNAs to regulate Cu homeostasis. We demonstrated that the addition of supplemental Cu to Cd-exposed A. thaliana plants diminished the Cu deficiency response in roots, while it even disappeared in leaves. Exposure of plants to Cd in combination with extra Cu reduced Cd levels in both roots and leaves resulting in an improved cellular oxidative state. Furthermore, we demonstrated a role for phytochelatins (PCs) in the Cd-induced Cu deficiency response, because it was reduced in roots of cad1-3 mutant plants exposed to Cd. In conclusion, a working mechanism is provided in which it is suggested that Cd increases PC levels that can complex both Cd and Cu. This results in cellular Cu deficiency and subsequently the activation of SPL7 and hence the induction of the Cu deficiency response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Gielen
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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211
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Liedschulte V, Laparra H, Battey JND, Schwaar JD, Broye H, Mark R, Klein M, Goepfert S, Bovet L. Impairing both HMA4 homeologs is required for cadmium reduction in tobacco. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:364-377. [PMID: 27880006 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In tobacco, the heavy metal P1B-ATPases HMA4.1 and HMA4.2 function in root-to-shoot zinc and cadmium transport. We present greenhouse and field data that dissect the possibilities to impact the two homeologous genes in order to define the best strategy for leaf cadmium reduction. In a first step, both genes were silenced using an RNAi approach leading to >90% reduction of leaf cadmium content. To modulate HMA4 function more precisely, mutant HMA4.1 and HMA4.2 alleles of a Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) population were combined. As observed with RNAi plants, knockout of both homeologs decreased cadmium root-to-shoot transfer by >90%. Analysis of plants with segregating null and wild-type alleles of both homeologs showed that one functional HMA4 allele is sufficient to maintain wild-type cadmium levels. Plant development was affected in HMA4 RNAi and double knockout plants that included retarded growth, necrotic lesions, altered leaf morphology and increased water content. The combination of complete functional loss (nonsense mutation) in one homeologous HMA4 gene and the functional reduction in the other HMA4 gene (missense mutation) is proposed as strategy to limit cadmium leaf accumulation without developmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Liedschulte
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Laparra
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - James Nicolas Duncan Battey
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Joanne Deborah Schwaar
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Broye
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Régis Mark
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Klein
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Goepfert
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Lucien Bovet
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products SA (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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212
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Guo Q, Meng L, Humphreys MW, Scullion J, Mur LAJ. Expression of FlHMA3, a P 1B2-ATPase from Festulolium loliaceum, correlates with response to cadmium stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 112:270-277. [PMID: 28113076 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ATPase 3 (HMA3), a P1B2-ATPase, is a key tonoplast transporter involved in mediating the vacuolar sequestration of cadmium (Cd) to detoxify the intake of this element by plants. HMA3 expression in response to Cd stress has not been previously examined in the grass hybrid species Festulolium loliaceum (Huds.) P. Fourn. In this study, FlHMA3 isolated from F. loliaceum was found to comprise 833 amino acid residues with 77% homology to the rice OsHMA3. Transient expression of FlHMA3 fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein in Arabidopsis protoplasts suggested its localization to vacuolar membranes. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of F. loliaceum revealed that FlHMA3 is expressed predominantly within roots and up-regulated by excess Cd. Over the 168 h treatment, Cd content of F. loliaceum roots was significantly higher than that of shoots, regardless of external CdCl2 concentrations. A significant positive correlation was found between FlHMA3 expression and Cd accumulation in roots of F. loliaceum seedlings subjected to 10-100 mg L-1 CdCl2 for 168 h or, in a separate experiment, to 25 or 100 mg L-1 CdCl2 for the same duration. These findings provide evidence that FlHMA3 encodes a vacuolar P1B2-ATPase that may play an important role in Cd2+ sequestration into root cell vacuoles, thereby limiting the entry of Cd2+ into the cytoplasm and reducing Cd2+ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Beijing Research and Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Lin Meng
- Beijing Research and Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, PR China.
| | - Mike W Humphreys
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
| | - John Scullion
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
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213
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Li H, Hu T, Amombo E, Fu J. Transcriptome profilings of two tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cultivars in response to lead (Pb) stress. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:145. [PMID: 28183269 PMCID: PMC5301350 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic heavy metal environmental pollutants. Tall fescue is an important cold season turf grass which can tolerate and accumulate substantial amount of Pb. To estimate genes related to Pb response and the molecular mechanism associated with Pb tolerance and accumulation, we analyzed the transcriptome of tall fescue in response to Pb treatment. RESULTS RNA-sequencing was performed in two tall fescue cultivars, Pb tolerant Silverado and Pb sensitive AST7001. A total of 810,146 assembled unique transcripts representing 25,415 unigenes were obtained from the tall fescue leaves. Among the panel, 3,696 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between the Pb treated (1000 mg/L) and untreated samples. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were mainly implicated in energy metabolism, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, and carbohydrate metabolism related pathways. The expression patterns of 16 randomly selected genes were in consistent with that from the Solexa analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. In addition, compared to the common transcriptional response to Pb stress in both cultivars, the regulation of numerous genes including those involved in zeatin biosynthesis, limonene and pinene degradation, phagosome was exclusive to one cultivar. CONCLUSIONS The tall fescue assembled transcriptome provided substantial molecular resources for further genomics analysis of turfgrass in response to heavy metal stress. The significant expression difference of specific unigenes may account for Pb tolerance or accumulation in two different tall fescue cultivars. This study provided new insights for the investigation of the molecular basis of Pb tolerance and accumulation in tall fescue as well as other related turf grass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo street, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo street, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo street, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo street, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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214
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Song Y, Jin L, Wang X. Cadmium absorption and transportation pathways in plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:133-141. [PMID: 27409403 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1207598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the uptake, transport, translocation, and accumulation of excessive amounts of cadmium from polluted environments is critical for plants and, consequently, humans with regard to food safety. Plants adopt various cellular and molecular mechanisms to minimize Cd toxicity. Upon exposure to Cd, plants initially implement avoidance strategies, such as production of organic acids, chelation, and sequestration, to prevent metal access to root cells. Nevertheless, Cd can be transported through the roots, stems, and leaves via apoplastic and symplastic pathways. These processes have been controlled by specific sites at the root surface and root cortex, in cells responsible for loading the root xylem, at the transition between the vascular systems of the root and the shoot, and in connecting tissues and cells at the stem. Although resistance to heavy metal cadmium can be achieved by either avoidance or tolerance, genetic basis to tolerance is therefore implied, in that these mechanisms are heritable attributes of tolerant mutants or genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- a School of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
- b Environment Management College of China , Qinhuangdao , China
| | - Liang Jin
- c Natural History Research Center, Shanghai Natural History Museum, Shanghai Science & Technology Museum , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- c Natural History Research Center, Shanghai Natural History Museum, Shanghai Science & Technology Museum , Shanghai , China
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215
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Nair PMG, Chung IM. Regulation of morphological, molecular and nutrient status in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in response to ZnO nanoparticles and Zn ion exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:187-198. [PMID: 27741454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the mechanism of toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and zinc (Zn) ions. We subjected plants to different ZnO NPs and Zn ion concentrations (0, 20, 50, 100 and 200mg/L) and analyzed resulting morphological changes, transcriptional regulation of genes involved in Zn-homeostasis, macro- and microelement homeostasis, as well as auxin regulation. Except for 20mg/L, the fresh weight and primary root length was reduced after exposure to all other concentrations of Zn ion and ZnO NP concentrations. An increase in lateral root formation (19 and 32%) was observed after exposure to 20 and 50mg/L of Zn ions respectively; whereas 20mg/L ZnO NPs treatment triggered a 9% increase in lateral root formation. Both qualitative, using Zynpyr-1 fluorescent probe and quantitative analysis revealed Zn uptake and translocation from roots to shoots after Zn ion exposure. However, ZnO NPs-treated seedlings resulted in no root to shoot translocation and Zn accumulation was mainly located in root tips, primary-lateral root junctions and root- shoot junctions. The macronutrients viz. P (1.34mg/kg DW), K (13.29mg/kg DW), S (1.29mg/kg DW) and micronutrients Cu (0.004mg/kg DW) and Fe (0.345mg/kg DW) contents were highly decreased as a result of exposure to 200mg/L of Zn ions. Similarly, the highest reduction of P (2.30mg/kg DW), K (6.36mg/kg DW), S (2.63mg/kg DW) and Cu (0.004mg/kg DW) was observed after exposure to 200mg/L of ZnO NPs. Gene regulation studies indicated the transcriptional modulation of various genes involved in Zn, macro- and micro nutrient homeostasis as well as hormone regulation. Taken together, it was observed that the mechanism of toxicity of Zn ions and ZnO NPs were different. These findings will help to design safer strategies for the application of ZnO NPs as plant fertilizer without compromising the morphological and nutritional qualities as well as for the future phytoremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ill Min Chung
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
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216
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Lange B, van der Ent A, Baker AJM, Echevarria G, Mahy G, Malaisse F, Meerts P, Pourret O, Verbruggen N, Faucon MP. Copper and cobalt accumulation in plants: a critical assessment of the current state of knowledge. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 213:537-551. [PMID: 27625303 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review synthesizes contemporary understanding of copper-cobalt (Cu-Co) tolerance and accumulation in plants. Accumulation of foliar Cu and Co to > 300 μg g-1 is exceptionally rare globally, and known principally from the Copperbelt of Central Africa. Cobalt accumulation is also observed in a limited number of nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulator plants occurring on ultramafic soils around the world. None of the putative Cu or Co hyperaccumulator plants appears to comply with the fundamental principle of hyperaccumulation, as foliar Cu-Co accumulation is strongly dose-dependent. Abnormally high plant tissue Cu concentrations occur only when plants are exposed to high soil Cu with a low root to shoot translocation factor. Most Cu-tolerant plants are Excluders sensu Baker and therefore setting nominal threshold values for Cu hyperaccumulation is not informative. Abnormal accumulation of Co occurs under similar circumstances in the Copperbelt of Central Africa as well as sporadically in Ni hyperaccumulator plants on ultramafic soils; however, Co-tolerant plants behave physiologically as Indicators sensu Baker. Practical application of Cu-Co accumulator plants in phytomining is limited due to their dose-dependent accumulation characteristics, although for Co field trials may be warranted on highly Co-contaminated mineral wastes because of its relatively high metal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Lange
- Hydrogeochemistry and Soil-Environment Interactions (HydrISE), UP.2012.10.102, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, Beauvais, 60026, France
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Biogeochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Antony van der Ent
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, Université de Lorraine - INRA, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, 54518, France
| | - Alan John Martin Baker
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, Université de Lorraine - INRA, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, 54518, France
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., 3010, Australia
| | - Guillaume Echevarria
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, Université de Lorraine - INRA, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, 54518, France
| | - Grégory Mahy
- Department of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Biodiversity and Landscape Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium
| | - François Malaisse
- Department of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Biodiversity and Landscape Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium
| | - Pierre Meerts
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Biogeochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Olivier Pourret
- Hydrogeochemistry and Soil-Environment Interactions (HydrISE), UP.2012.10.102, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, Beauvais, 60026, France
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Michel-Pierre Faucon
- Hydrogeochemistry and Soil-Environment Interactions (HydrISE), UP.2012.10.102, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, Beauvais, 60026, France
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217
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Bayçu G, Gevrek-Kürüm N, Moustaka J, Csatári I, Rognes SE, Moustakas M. Cadmium-zinc accumulation and photosystem II responses of Noccaea caerulescens to Cd and Zn exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2840-2850. [PMID: 27838905 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A population of the metallophyte Noccaea (Thlaspi) caerulescens originating from a Zn-enriched area at Røros Copper Mine (Norway) was studied. N. caerulescens tolerance to accumulate Cd and Zn was evaluated in hydroponic experiments by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis. In the field-collected N. caerulescens mother plants, Zn shoot concentrations were above Zn hyperaccumulation threshold while, in hydroponic experiments under 40-μM Cd exposure, shoot Cd concentrations were clearly above Cd hyperaccumulation threshold. Cadmium ions and, to a less extent, Zn were mainly retained in the roots. Exposure to Cd enhanced Zn translocation to the shoot, while decreased significant total Ca2+ uptake, suggesting that Cd uptake occurs through Ca2+ transporters. Nevertheless, it increased Ca2+ translocation to the leaf, possibly for photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII). Exposure to 800 μM Zn or 40 μM Cd resulted in increased Fe3+ uptake suggesting that in N. caerulescens, Cd uptake does not take place through the pathway of Fe3+ uptake and that conditions that lead to Cd and Zn accumulation in plants may also favor Fe accumulation. Despite the significant high toxicity levels of Zn and Cd in leaves, under Zn and Cd exposure, respectively, the allocation of absorbed light energy at PSII did not differ compared to controls. The results showed that N. caerulescens keep Cd and Zn concentrations in the mesophyll cells in non-toxic forms for PSII and that the increased Ca and Fe accumulation in leaves alleviates the toxicity effects. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed that PSII of N. caerulescens resisted better the phytotoxic effects of 20 times higher Zn than Cd exposure concentration. Overall, it is concluded that the use of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging constitutes a promising basis for investigating heavy metal tolerance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülriz Bayçu
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurbir Gevrek-Kürüm
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Julietta Moustaka
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - István Csatári
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sven Erik Rognes
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Moustakas
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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218
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Mishra S, Mishra A, Küpper H. Protein Biochemistry and Expression Regulation of Cadmium/Zinc Pumping ATPases in the Hyperaccumulator Plants Arabidopsis halleri and Noccaea caerulescens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:835. [PMID: 28588597 PMCID: PMC5438989 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
P1B-ATPases are decisive for metal accumulation phenotypes, but mechanisms of their regulation are only partially understood. Here, we studied the Cd/Zn transporting ATPases NcHMA3 and NcHMA4 from Noccaea caerulescens as well as AhHMA3 and AhHMA4 from Arabidopsis halleri. Protein biochemistry was analyzed on HMA4 purified from roots of N. caerulescens in active state. Metal titration of NcHMA4 protein with an electrochromic dye as charge indicator suggested that HMA4 reaches maximal ATPase activity when all internal high-affinity Cd2+ binding sites are occupied. Although HMA4 was reported to be mainly responsible for xylem loading of heavy metals for root to shoot transport, the current study revealed high expression of NcHMA4 in shoots as well. Further, there were additional 20 and 40 kD fragments at replete Zn2+ and toxic Cd2+, but not at deficient Zn2+ concentrations. Altogether, the protein level expression analysis suggested a more multifunctional role of NcHMA4 than previously assumed. Organ-level transcription analysis through quantitative PCR of mRNA in N. caerulescens and A. halleri confirmed the strong shoot expression of both NcHMA4 and AhHMA4. Further, in shoots NcHMA4 was more abundant in 10 μM Zn2+ and AhHMA4 in Zn2+ deficiency. In roots, NcHMA4 was up-regulated in response to deficient Zn2+ when compared to replete Zn2+ and toxic Cd2+ treatment. In both species, HMA3 was much more expressed in shoots than in roots, and HMA3 transcript levels remained rather constant regardless of Zn2+ supply, but were up-regulated by 10 μM Cd2+. Analysis of cellular expression by quantitative mRNA in situ hybridisation showed that in A. halleri, both HMA3 and HMA4 mRNA levels were highest in the mesophyll, while in N. caerulescens they were highest in the bundle sheath of the vein. This is likely related to the different final storage sites for hyperaccumulated metals in both species: epidermis in N. caerulescens, mesophyll in A. halleri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mishra
- Fachbereich Biologie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche, Universität KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Plant Ecology and Environmental Science DivisionLucknow, India
| | - Archana Mishra
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Fachbereich Biologie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche, Universität KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Plants, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the ASCRČeské Budějovice, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South BohemiaČeské Budějovice, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Hendrik Küpper,
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219
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Shahid M, Dumat C, Khalid S, Niazi NK, Antunes PMC. Cadmium Bioavailability, Uptake, Toxicity and Detoxification in Soil-Plant System. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 241:73-137. [PMID: 27300014 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the findings of the most recent studies, published from 2000 to 2016, which focus on the biogeochemical behavior of Cd in soil-plant systems and its impact on the ecosystem. For animals and people not subjected to a Cd-contaminated environment, consumption of Cd contaminated food (vegetables, cereals, pulses and legumes) is the main source of Cd exposure. As Cd does not have any known biological function, and can further cause serious deleterious effects both in plants and mammalian consumers, cycling of Cd within the soil-plant system is of high global relevance.The main source of Cd in soil is that which originates as emissions from various industrial processes. Within soil, Cd occurs in various chemical forms which differ greatly with respect to their lability and phytoavailability. Cadmium has a high phytoaccumulation index because of its low adsorption coefficient and high soil-plant mobility and thereby may enter the food chain. Plant uptake of Cd is believed to occur mainly via roots by specific and non-specific transporters of essential nutrients, as no Cd-specific transporter has yet been identified. Within plants, Cd causes phytotoxicity by decreasing nutrient uptake, inhibiting photosynthesis, plant growth and respiration, inducing lipid peroxidation and altering the antioxidant system and functioning of membranes. Plants tackle Cd toxicity via different defense strategies such as decreased Cd uptake or sequestration into vacuoles. In addition, various antioxidants combat Cd-induced overproduction of ROS. Other mechanisms involve the induction of phytochelatins, glutathione and salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès-Toulouse II, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480, NSW, Australia
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220
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Smith AT, Ross MO, Hoffman BM, Rosenzweig AC. Metal Selectivity of a Cd-, Co-, and Zn-Transporting P 1B-type ATPase. Biochemistry 2016; 56:85-95. [PMID: 28001366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The P1B-ATPases, a family of transmembrane metal transporters important for transition metal homeostasis in all organisms, are subdivided into classes based on sequence conservation and metal specificity. The multifunctional P1B-4-ATPase CzcP is part of the cobalt, zinc, and cadmium resistance system from the metal-tolerant, model organism Cupriavidus metallidurans. Previous work revealed the presence of an unusual soluble metal-binding domain (MBD) at the CzcP N-terminus, but the nature, extent, and selectivity of the transmembrane metal-binding site (MBS) of CzcP have not been resolved. Using homology modeling, we show that four wholly conserved amino acids from the transmembrane (TM) domain (Met254, Ser474, Cys476, and His807) are logical candidates for the TM MBS, which may communicate with the MBD via interactions with the first TM helix. Metal-binding analyses indicate that wild-type (WT) CzcP has three MBSs, and data on N-terminally truncated (ΔMBD) CzcP suggest the presence of a single TM MBS. Electronic absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses of ΔMBD CzcP and variant proteins thereof provide insight into the details of Co2+ coordination by the TM MBS. These spectroscopic data, combined with in vitro functional studies of WT and variant CzcP proteins, show that the side chains of Met254, Cys476, and His807 contribute to Cd2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ binding and transport, whereas the side chain of Ser474 appears to play a minimal role. By comparison to other P1B-4-ATPases, we suggest that an evolutionarily adapted flexibility in the TM region likely afforded CzcP the ability to transport Cd2+ and Zn2+ in addition to Co2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Smith
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew O Ross
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy C Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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221
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Zhu J, Wang WS, Ma D, Zhang LY, Ren F, Yuan TT. A role for CK2 β subunit 4 in the regulation of plant growth, cadmium accumulation and H 2O 2 content under cadmium stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:240-247. [PMID: 27750098 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2, which consists of two α and two β subunits, plays an essential role in plant development and is implicated in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including salt and heat. However, the function of CK2 in response to heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) has not yet been established. In this study, the transgenic line CKB4ox, which overexpresses CKB4 encoding the CK2β subunit and has elevated CK2 activity, was used to investigate the potential role of CK2 in response to Cd stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under Cd stress, CKB4ox showed reduced root growth and biomass accumulation as well as decreased chlorophyll and proline contents compared with wild type. Furthermore, increased Cd accumulation and a higher H2O2 content were found in CKB4ox, possibly contributing to the inhibition of CKB4ox growth under Cd stress. Additionally, altered levels of Cd and H2O2 were found to be associated with decreased expression of genes involved in Cd efflux, Cd sequestration and H2O2 scavenging. Taken together, these results suggest that elevated expression of CKB4 and increased CK2 activity enhance the sensitivity of plants to Cd stress by affecting Cd and H2O2 accumulation, including the modulation of genes involved in Cd transport and H2O2 scavenging. This study provides direct evidence for the involvement of plant CK2 in the response to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Shu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lin-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Guo H, Hong C, Xiao M, Chen X, Chen H, Zheng B, Jiang D. Real-time kinetics of cadmium transport and transcriptomic analysis in low cadmium accumulator Miscanthus sacchariflorus. PLANTA 2016; 244:1289-1302. [PMID: 27534966 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of low Cd influxes and accumulation in Miscanthus sacchariflorus is revealed by RNA sequencing technique. Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution has posed a serious threat to our soil quality and food security as well as to human health. Some wild plants exhibit high tolerance to heavy metals stress. However, mechanisms of Cd tolerance of wild plants remain to be fully clarified. In this study, we found that two Miscanthus species, Miscanthus (M.) sacchariflorus and M. floridulus, showed different Cd-tolerant mechanisms. M. sacchariflorus accumulated less Cd in both root and leaf by limiting Cd uptake from root and showed superior Cd tolerance, while M. floridulus not only absorbs more Cd from root but also transports more Cd to shoot. To investigate the molecular mechanism of different Cd uptake patterns in the two Miscanthus species, we analyzed the transcriptome of M. sacchariflorus and identified transcriptional changes in response to Cd in roots by high-throughput RNA-sequencing technology. A total of 92,985 unigenes were obtained from M. sacchariflorus root cDNA samples. Based on the assembled de novo transcriptome, 681 DEGs which included 345 upregulated and 336 downregulated genes were detected between two libraries of untreated and Cd-treated roots. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that upregulated DEGs under Cd stress are predominately involved in metabolic pathway, starch and sucrose and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and metal ion transporters. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to compare the expression levels of some metal transport genes in roots of two Miscanthus species, and the genes involved in Cd uptake from root and transfer from root to shoot were extremely different. The results not only enrich genomic resource but also help to better understand the molecular mechanisms of Cd accumulation and tolerance in wild plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuntao Hong
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengzhu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dean Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Luo ZB, He J, Polle A, Rennenberg H. Heavy metal accumulation and signal transduction in herbaceous and woody plants: Paving the way for enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1131-1148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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224
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Paape T, Hatakeyama M, Shimizu-Inatsugi R, Cereghetti T, Onda Y, Kenta T, Sese J, Shimizu KK. Conserved but Attenuated Parental Gene Expression in Allopolyploids: Constitutive Zinc Hyperaccumulation in the Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica. Mol Biol Evol 2016; 33:2781-2800. [PMID: 27413047 PMCID: PMC5062318 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msw141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allopolyploidization combines parental genomes and often confers broader species distribution. However, little is known about parentally transmitted gene expression underlying quantitative traits following allopolyploidization because of the complexity of polyploid genomes. The allopolyploid species Arabidopsis kamchatica is a natural hybrid of the zinc hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri and of the nonaccumulator Arabidopsis lyrata We found that A. kamchatica retained the ability to hyperaccumulate zinc from A. halleri and grows in soils with both low and high metal content. Hyperaccumulation of zinc by A. kamchatica was reduced to about half of A. halleri, but is 10-fold greater than A. lyrata Homeologs derived from A. halleri had significantly higher levels of expression of genes such as HEAVY METAL ATPASE4 (HMA4), METAL TRANSPORTER PROTEIN1 and other metal ion transporters than those derived from A. lyrata, which suggests cis-regulatory differences. A. kamchatica has on average about half the expression of these genes compared with A. halleri due to fixed heterozygosity inherent in allopolyploids. Zinc treatment significantly changed the ratios of expression of 1% of homeologous pairs, including genes putatively involved in metal homeostasis. Resequencing data showed a significant reduction in genetic diversity over a large genomic region (290 kb) surrounding the HMA4 locus derived from the A. halleri parent compared with the syntenic A. lyrata-derived region, which suggests different evolutionary histories. We also estimated that three A. halleri-derived HMA4 copies are present in A. kamchatica Our findings support a transcriptomic model in which environment-related transcriptional patterns of both parents are conserved but attenuated in the allopolyploids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Paape
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Masaomi Hatakeyama
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Switzerland Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Rie Shimizu-Inatsugi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Teo Cereghetti
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Yoshihiko Onda
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Japan Sugadaira Montane Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tanaka Kenta
- Sugadaira Montane Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
| | - Jun Sese
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro K Shimizu
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Switzerland Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
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225
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Yan J, Wang P, Wang P, Yang M, Lian X, Tang Z, Huang CF, Salt DE, Zhao FJ. A loss-of-function allele of OsHMA3 associated with high cadmium accumulation in shoots and grain of Japonica rice cultivars. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1941-54. [PMID: 27038090 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Excessive cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice poses a risk to food safety. OsHMA3 plays an important role in restricting Cd translocation from roots to shoots. A non-functional allele of OsHMA3 has been reported in some Indica rice cultivars with high Cd accumulation, but it is not known if OsHMA3 allelic variation is associated with Cd accumulation in Japonica cultivars. In this study, we identified a Japonica cultivar with consistently high Cd accumulation in shoots and grain in both field and greenhouse experiments. The cultivar possesses an OsHMA3 allele with a predicted amino acid mutation at the 380(th) position from Ser to Arg. The haplotype had no Cd transport activity when the gene was expressed in yeast, and the allele did not complement a known nonfunctional allele of OsHMA3 in F1 test. The allele is present only in temperate Japonica cultivars among diversity panels of 1483 rice cultivars. Different cultivars possessing this allele showed greatly increased root-to-shoot Cd translocation and a shift in root Cd speciation from Cd-S to Cd-O bonding determined by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our study has identified a new loss-of-function allele of OsHMA3 in Japonica rice cultivars leading to high Cd accumulation in shoots and grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Meng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xingming Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - David E Salt
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Fang Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
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226
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Ibañez S, Talano M, Ontañon O, Suman J, Medina MI, Macek T, Agostini E. Transgenic plants and hairy roots: exploiting the potential of plant species to remediate contaminants. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:625-635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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227
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Romè C, Huang XY, Danku J, Salt DE, Sebastiani L. Expression of specific genes involved in Cd uptake, translocation, vacuolar compartmentalisation and recycling in Populus alba Villafranca clone. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 202:83-91. [PMID: 27467553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal toxic to humans and its occurrence in soils represents a significant environmental problem. Poplar trees may provide one possible option to help remove Cd contamination from soil. However, before this is practicable, the ability of poplar to accumulate Cd needs to be enhanced. A better understanding of the genes involved in Cd accumulation in poplar would help to achieve this goal. Here, we monitored the expression of genes known to be involved in Cd uptake, accumulation and translocation from other species, in order to provide information on their potential role in Cd accumulation in poplar. Cd concentration in poplar was significantly higher in roots than in stem and leaves in Cd treated plants. Expression of the poplar homologues of IRT1, NRAMP and OPT3 was initially increased after exposure to Cd but reduced after longer term Cd exposure. Exposure to Cd also influenced the accumulation of Fe, Ca, Cu, Mg and Mn in poplar. In particular, Cd treated plants had a higher concentration of Fe, Ca, Cu, and Mg in leaves and stem compared to control plants after one day and one week of experiment; while in roots after one month Cd treated plants had a lower concentration of Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Romè
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - John Danku
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - David E Salt
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Sebastiani
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
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228
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Bashir K, Rasheed S, Kobayashi T, Seki M, Nishizawa NK. Regulating Subcellular Metal Homeostasis: The Key to Crop Improvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1192. [PMID: 27547212 PMCID: PMC4974246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis (Fe, Cu, and Mn), respiration (Fe and Cu), and transcription (Zn). The storage and distribution of these minerals in various cellular organelles is strictly regulated to ensure optimal metabolic rates. Alteration of the balance in uptake, distribution, and/or storage of these minerals severely impairs cellular metabolism and significantly affects plant growth and development. Thus, any change in the metal profile of a cellular compartment significantly affects metabolism. Different subcellular compartments are suggested to be linked through complex retrograde signaling networks to regulate cellular metal homeostasis. Various genes regulating cellular and subcellular metal distribution have been identified and characterized. Understanding the role of these transporters is extremely important to elaborate the signaling between various subcellular compartments. Moreover, modulation of the proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis may help in the regulation of metabolism, adaptability to a diverse range of environmental conditions, and biofortification. Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
| | - Sultana Rasheed
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, YokohamaJapan
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, NonoichiJapan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, YokohamaJapan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology – Japan Science and Technology Agency, KawaguchiJapan
| | - Naoko K. Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, NonoichiJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, TokyoJapan
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229
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Li J, Wei X, Yu P, Deng X, Xu W, Ma M, Zhang H. Expression of cadR Enhances its Specific Activity for Cd Detoxification and Accumulation in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1720-1731. [PMID: 27382127 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition metal that is highly toxic in biological systems. Anthropogenic emissions of Cd have increased biogeochemical cycling and the amount of Cd in the biosphere. Here we studied the utility of a bacterial Cd-binding protein, CadR, for the remediation of Cd contamination. CadR was successfully targeted to chloroplasts using a constitutive Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter or a shoot-specific Chl a/b-binding protein 2 gene (CAB2) promoter and an RbcS (small subunit of the Rubisco complex) transit peptide. Under short-term (2 d) exposure to Cd, the cadR transgenic plants showed up to a 2.9-fold Cd accumulation in roots compared with untransformed plants. Under medium term (7 d) exposure to Cd, the concentrations of Cd in leaves began to increase but there were no differences between the wild type and the cadR transgenic plants. Under long-term (16 d) exposure to Cd, the cadR transgenic plants accumulated greater amounts of Cd in leaves than the untransformed plants. Total Cd accumulation (µg per plant) in shoots and roots of the plants expressing cadR were significantly higher (up to 3.5-fold in shoots and 5.2-fold in roots) than those of the untransformed plants. We also found that targeting CadR to chloroplasts facilitated chloroplastic metal homeostasis and Chl b accumulation. Our results demonstrate that manipulating chelating capacity in chloroplasts or in the cytoplasm may be effective in modifying both the accumulation of and resistance to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Shanxi Linfen 041004, China These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xuezhi Wei
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Shanxi Linfen 041004, China These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Pengli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wenxiu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Mi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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230
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Silva-Guzman M, Addo-Quaye C, Dilkes BP. Re-Evaluation of Reportedly Metal Tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0130679. [PMID: 27467746 PMCID: PMC4965157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Santa Clara, Limeport, and Berkeley are Arabidopsis thaliana accessions previously identified as diversely metal resistant. Yet these same accessions were determined to be genetically indistinguishable from the metal sensitive Col-0. We robustly tested tolerance for Zn, Ni and Cu, and genetic relatedness by growing these accessions under a range of Ni, Zn and Cu concentrations for three durations in multiple replicates. Neither metal resistance nor variance in growth were detected between them and Col-0. We re-sequenced the genomes of these accessions and all stocks available for each accession. In all cases they were nearly indistinguishable from the standard laboratory accession Col-0. As Santa Clara was allegedly collected from the Jasper Ridge serpentine outcrop in California, USA we investigated the possibility of extant A. thaliana populations adapted to serpentine soils. Botanically vouchered Arabidopsis accessions in the Jepson database were overlaid with soil maps of California. This provided no evidence of A. thaliana collections from serpentine sites in California. Thus, our work demonstrates that the Santa Clara, Berkeley and Limeport accessions are not metal tolerant, not genetically distinct from Col-0, and that there are no known serpentine adapted populations or accessions of A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Silva-Guzman
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Charles Addo-Quaye
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Brian P. Dilkes
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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231
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Kabir AH, Hossain MM, Khatun MA, Mandal A, Haider SA. Role of Silicon Counteracting Cadmium Toxicity in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1117. [PMID: 27512401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2010.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most phytotoxic elements causing an agricultural problem and human health hazards. This work investigates whether and how silicon (Si) ameliorates Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. The addition of Si in Cd-stressed plants caused significant improvement in morpho-physiological features as well as total protein and membrane stability, indicating that Si does have critical roles in Cd detoxification in Alfalfa. Furthermore, Si supplementation in Cd-stressed plants showed a significant decrease in Cd and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots compared with Cd-stressed plants, revealing that Si-mediated tolerance to Cd stress is associated with Cd inhibition in Alfalfa. Results also showed no significant changes in the expression of two metal chelators [MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and MsMT2 (metallothionein)] and PC (phytochelatin) accumulation, indicating that there may be no metal sequestration or change in metal sequestration following Si application under Cd stress in Alfalfa. We further performed a targeted study on the effect of Si on Fe uptake mechanisms. We observed the consistent reduction in Fe reductase activity, expression of Fe-related genes [MsIRT1 (Fe transporter), MsNramp1 (metal transporter) and OsFRO1 (ferric chelate reductase] and Fe chelators (citrate and malate) by Si application to Cd stress in roots of Alfalfa. These results support that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms confers Si-mediated alleviation of Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. Finally, an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities along with elevated methionine and proline subjected to Si application might play roles, at least in part, to reduce H2O2 and to provide antioxidant defense against Cd stress in Alfalfa. The study shows evidence of the effect of Si on alleviating Cd toxicity in Alfalfa and can be further extended for phytoremediation of Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad M Hossain
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Most A Khatun
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Mandal
- System Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde Skövde, Sweden
| | - Syed A Haider
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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232
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A heavy metal P-type ATPase OsHMA4 prevents copper accumulation in rice grain. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12138. [PMID: 27387148 PMCID: PMC4941113 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is a major source of calories and mineral nutrients for over half the world's human population. However, little is known in rice about the genetic basis of variation in accumulation of copper (Cu), an essential but potentially toxic nutrient. Here we identify OsHMA4 as the likely causal gene of a quantitative trait locus controlling Cu accumulation in rice grain. We provide evidence that OsHMA4 functions to sequester Cu into root vacuoles, limiting Cu accumulation in the grain. The difference in grain Cu accumulation is most likely attributed to a single amino acid substitution that leads to different OsHMA4 transport activity. The allele associated with low grain Cu was found in 67 of the 1,367 rice accessions investigated. Identification of natural allelic variation in OsHMA4 may facilitate the development of rice varieties with grain Cu concentrations tuned to both the concentration of Cu in the soil and dietary needs. Copper (Cu) is an essential mineral nutrient but high concentrations in rice grain can cause toxicity. Here the authors provide evidence that natural variation in rice grain Cu concentration is caused by altered sequestration of Cu into root vacuoles due to a single amino acid substitution in the OsHMA4 transporter.
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233
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Kabir AH. Biochemical and molecular changes in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) to cope with chromium stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:710-9. [PMID: 26804776 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is very toxic to both humans and plants. This investigation aimed to understand the physiological and molecular responses of rice seedlings to Cr stress. Cr toxicity did not significantly affect morphological features and Cr accumulation in roots and shoots in Pokkali but not in BRRI 51, although there was a reduction in chlorophyll concentration in leaves of both genotypes. These results imply that Pokkali has mechanisms to cope with Cr supplementation. We therefore performed quantitative real-time PCR on the expression pattern of two chelator genes, OsPCS1 and OsMT1, but there were no significant changes in expression in roots and shoots of Pokkali and BRRI 51 following Cr stress. This suggests that there was no metal sequestration following heavy metal stress in roots of these genotypes. Moreover, no expression of two heavy metal transporter genes, OsHMA3 and OsNRAMP1, was induced after Cr stress in roots and shoots, suggesting that these transporter genes are not induced by Cr stress or might not be involved in Cr uptake in rice. We also performed a targeted study on the effect of Cr on Fe uptake mechanisms. Our studies showed a consistent reduction in Fe uptake, Fe reductase activity and expression of Fe-related genes (OsFRO1 and OsIRT1) under Cr stress in both roots and leaves of Pokkali. In contrast, these parameters and genes were significantly increased in Cr-sensitive BRRI 51 under Cr stress. The results confirm that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe reductase and Fe transporter genes is the main strategy of Cr-tolerant Pokkali to cope with Cr stress. Finally, increased CAT, POD and GR activity and elevated glutathione and proline synthesis might provide strong antioxidant defence against Cr stress in Pokkali. Taken together, our findings reveal that Cr stress tolerance in rice (Pokkali) is not related to metal sequestration but is associated with reduced Fe transport and increased antioxidant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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234
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Fang X, Wang L, Deng X, Wang P, Ma Q, Nian H, Wang Y, Yang C. Genome-wide characterization of soybean P 1B -ATPases gene family provides functional implications in cadmium responses. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:376. [PMID: 27207280 PMCID: PMC4874001 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The P1B-ATPase subfamily is an important group involved in transporting heavy metals and has been extensively studied in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Emerging evidence indicates that one homolog in Glycine max is also involved in cadmium (Cd) stress, but the gene family has not been fully investigated in soybean. RESULTS Here, we identified 20 heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family members in the soybean genome, presented as 10 paralogous pairs, which is significantly greater than the number in Arabidopsis or rice, and was likely caused by the latest whole genome duplication event in soybean. A phylogenetic analysis divided the 20 members into six groups, each having conserved or divergent gene structures and protein motif patterns. The integration of RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR data from multiple tissues provided an overall expression pattern for the HMA family in soybean. Further comparisons of expression patterns and the single nucleotide polymorphism distribution between paralogous pairs suggested functional conservation and the divergence of HMA genes during soybean evolution. Finally, analyses of the HMAs expressed in response to Cd stress provided evidence on how plants manage Cd tolerance, at least in the two contrasting soybean genotypes examined. CONCLUSIONS The genome-wide identification, chromosomal distribution, gene structures, and evolutionary and expression analyses of the 20 HMA genes in soybean provide an overall insight into their potential involvement in Cd responses. These results will facilitate further research on the HMA gene family, and their conserved and divergent biological functions in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qibin Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai Nian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Cunyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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235
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Sharma SS, Dietz KJ, Mimura T. Vacuolar compartmentalization as indispensable component of heavy metal detoxification in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1112-26. [PMID: 26729300 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within the optimal functional range. In parallel, concentrations of non-essential HMs and metalloids, for example, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, should be kept below their toxicity threshold levels. Vacuolar compartmentalization is central to HM homeostasis. It depends on two vacuolar pumps (V-ATPase and V-PPase) and a set of tonoplast transporters, which are directly driven by proton motive force, and primary ATP-dependent pumps. While HM non-hyperaccumulator plants largely sequester toxic HMs in root vacuoles, HM hyperaccumulators usually sequester them in leaf cell vacuoles following efficient long-distance translocation. The distinct strategies evolved as a consequence of organ-specific differences particularly in vacuolar transporters and in addition to distinct features in long-distance transport. Recent molecular and functional characterization of tonoplast HM transporters has advanced our understanding of their contribution to HM homeostasis, tolerance and hyperaccumulation. Another important part of the dynamic vacuolar sequestration syndrome involves enhanced vacuolation. It involves vesicular trafficking in HM detoxification. The present review provides an updated account of molecular aspects that contribute to the vacuolar compartmentalization of HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti S Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, India
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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Olsen LI, Hansen TH, Larue C, Østerberg JT, Hoffmann RD, Liesche J, Krämer U, Surblé S, Cadarsi S, Samson VA, Grolimund D, Husted S, Palmgren M. Mother-plant-mediated pumping of zinc into the developing seed. NATURE PLANTS 2016; 2:16036. [PMID: 27243644 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2016.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient intake of zinc and iron from a cereal-based diet is one of the causes of 'hidden hunger' (micronutrient deficiency), which affects some two billion people(1,2). Identifying a limiting factor in the molecular mechanism of zinc loading into seeds is an important step towards determining the genetic basis for variation of grain micronutrient content and developing breeding strategies to improve this trait(3). Nutrients are translocated to developing seeds at a rate that is regulated by transport processes in source leaves, in the phloem vascular pathway, and at seed sinks. Nutrients are released from a symplasmic maternal seed domain into the seed apoplasm surrounding the endosperm and embryo by poorly understood membrane transport processes(4-6). Plants are unique among eukaryotes in having specific P1B-ATPase pumps for the cellular export of zinc(7). In Arabidopsis, we show that two zinc transporting P1B-ATPases actively export zinc from the mother plant to the filial tissues. Mutant plants that lack both zinc pumps accumulate zinc in the seed coat and consequently have vastly reduced amounts of zinc inside the seed. Blockage of zinc transport was observed at both high and low external zinc supplies. The phenotype was determined by the mother plant and is thus due to a lack of zinc pump activity in the seed coat and not in the filial tissues. The finding that P1B-ATPases are one of the limiting factors controlling the amount of zinc inside a seed is an important step towards combating nutritional zinc deficiency worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Irene Olsen
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas H Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Camille Larue
- Department of Plant Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeppe Thulin Østerberg
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Robert D Hoffmann
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Johannes Liesche
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, CN-712100 Yangling, China
| | - Ute Krämer
- Department of Plant Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Suzy Surblé
- LEEL, NIMBE-CEA-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Daniel Grolimund
- microXAS beamline, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Søren Husted
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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237
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Shakoor N, Ziegler G, Dilkes BP, Brenton Z, Boyles R, Connolly EL, Kresovich S, Baxter I. Integration of Experiments across Diverse Environments Identifies the Genetic Determinants of Variation in Sorghum bicolor Seed Element Composition. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:1989-98. [PMID: 26896393 PMCID: PMC4825124 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Seedling establishment and seed nutritional quality require the sequestration of sufficient element nutrients. The identification of genes and alleles that modify element content in the grains of cereals, including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), is fundamental to developing breeding and selection methods aimed at increasing bioavailable element content and improving crop growth. We have developed a high-throughput work flow for the simultaneous measurement of multiple elements in sorghum seeds. We measured seed element levels in the genotyped Sorghum Association Panel, representing all major cultivated sorghum races from diverse geographic and climatic regions, and mapped alleles contributing to seed element variation across three environments by genome-wide association. We observed significant phenotypic and genetic correlation between several elements across multiple years and diverse environments. The power of combining high-precision measurements with genome-wide association was demonstrated by implementing rank transformation and a multilocus mixed model to map alleles controlling 20 element traits, identifying 255 loci affecting the sorghum seed ionome. Sequence similarity to genes characterized in previous studies identified likely causative genes for the accumulation of zinc, manganese, nickel, calcium, and cadmium in sorghum seeds. In addition to strong candidates for these five elements, we provide a list of candidate loci for several other elements. Our approach enabled the identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in strong linkage disequilibrium with causative polymorphisms that can be evaluated in targeted selection strategies for plant breeding and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Shakoor
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Greg Ziegler
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Brian P Dilkes
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Zachary Brenton
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Richard Boyles
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Erin L Connolly
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Stephen Kresovich
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
| | - Ivan Baxter
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (N.S.);United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (G.Z., I.B.);Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (B.P.D.);Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631 (Z.B., R.B., S.K.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (E.L.C.)
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238
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Gupta N, Ram H, Kumar B. Mechanism of Zinc absorption in plants: uptake, transport, translocation and accumulation. REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND BIO/TECHNOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11157-016-9390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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239
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Kushwaha A, Rani R, Kumar S, Gautam A. Heavy metal detoxification and tolerance mechanisms in plants: Implications for phytoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1139/er-2015-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, such as cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc, are essential in trace amounts for growth by plants and other living organisms. However, in excessive amounts these heavy metals have deleterious effects. Like other organisms, plants possess a variety of detoxification mechanisms to counter the harmful effects of heavy metals. These include the restriction of heavy metals by mycorrhizal association, binding with plant cell wall and root excretions, metal efflux from the plasma membrane, metal chelation by phytochelatins and metallothioneins, and compartmentalization within the vacuole. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants and their associated rhizospheric microorganisms to remove pollutants from contaminated sites. This technology is inexpensive, efficient, and ecofriendly. This review focuses on potential cellular and molecular adaptations by plants that are necessary to tolerate heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
| | - Radha Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
| | - Aishvarya Gautam
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyar Ganj, Allahabad
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240
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Shohag MJI, Tian S, Song H, Feng Y, Yang X. Enhanced expression of SaHMA3 plays critical roles in Cd hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance. PLANTA 2016; 243:577-89. [PMID: 26547194 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced expression of a P 1B -type ATPase gene ( SaHMA3 ) is essential for Cd hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in Sedum alfredii Hance. A functional understanding of the mechanism through which hyperaccumulator plants accumulate and tolerate extremely toxic metals is a prerequisite for the development of novel strategies for improving phytoremediation using engineered plants or natural hyperaccumulators as well as biofortification and food crop safety. Most hyperaccumulator species, however, are small and slow-growing, and their potential for large-scale decontamination of polluted soils is limited. Sedum alfredii Hance, the only one metal hyperaccumulator from the Crassulaceae family, is an ideal candidate for gaining a functional understanding of the intra-family hyperaccumulation mechanisms as well as their potential applications. In the present study, we isolated and functionally characterized a P1B-type ATPase gene (SaHMA3) from S. alfredii Hance. SaHMA3 alleles from a hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE) were constitutively expressed in both shoot and root and encoded tonoplast-localized proteins, but showed differences in transport substrate specificity and expression level. SaHMA3 h from the HE plant was a Cd transporter. In contrast, SaHMA3n from NHE plants was able to transport both Zn and Cd. SaHMA3 showed a significantly higher constitutive expression level in HE plants than in NHE plants. Furthermore, the expression level of SaHMA3 in the shoots of HE plants was considerably higher than in the roots. Overexpression of SaHMA3h in tobacco plants significantly enhanced Cd tolerance and accumulation and greatly increased the root sequestration of Cd. In summary, our data suggested that SaHMA3 plays critical roles in Cd hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in Cd hyperaccumulator S. alfredii Hance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Md Jahidul Islam Shohag
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengke Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Haiyan Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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241
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Comparative transcriptome and proteome analysis to reveal the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21733. [PMID: 26902325 PMCID: PMC4763195 DOI: 10.1038/srep21733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of plants have been tested and exploited in search of a green chemistry approach for the fabrication of gold or other precious metal nanomaterials. Despite the potential of plant based methods, very little is known about the underlying biochemical reactions and genes involved in the biotransformation mechanism of AuCl4 into gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this research, we thus focused on studying the effect of Au on growth and nanoparticles formation by analyses of transcriptome, proteome and ionome shift in Arabidopsis. Au exposure favored the growth of Arabidopsis seedling and induced formation of nanoparticles in root and shoot, as indicated by optical and hyperspectral imaging. Root transcriptome analysis demonstrated the differential expression of the members of WRKY, MYB and BHLH gene families, which are involved in the Fe and other essential metals homeostasis. The proteome analysis revealed that Glutathione S-transferases were induced in the shoot and suggested its potential role in the biosynthesis AuNPs. This study also demonstrated the role of plant hormone auxin in determining the Au induced root system architecture. This is the first study using an integrated approach to understand the in planta biotransformation of KAuCl4 into AuNPs.
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242
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Niu Y, Ahammed GJ, Tang C, Guo L, Yu J. Physiological and Transcriptome Responses to Combinations of Elevated CO2 and Magnesium in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149301. [PMID: 26881808 PMCID: PMC4755599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration and injudicious fertilization or heterogeneous distribution of Mg in the soil warrant further research to understand the synergistic and holistic mechanisms involved in the plant growth regulation. This study investigated the influence of elevated CO2 (800 μL L(-1)) on physiological and transcriptomic profiles in Arabidopsis cultured in hydroponic media treated with 1 μM (low), 1000 μM (normal) and 10,000 μM (high) Mg2+. Following 7-d treatment, elevated CO2 increased the shoot growth and chlorophyll content under both low and normal Mg supply, whereas root growth was improved exclusively under normal Mg nutrition. Notably, the effect of elevated CO2 on mineral homeostasis in both shoots and roots was less than that of Mg supply. Irrespective of CO2 treatment, high Mg increased number of young leaf but decreased root growth and absorption of P, K, Ca, Fe and Mn whereas low Mg increased the concentration of P, K, Ca and Fe in leaves. Transcriptomics results showed that elevated CO2 decreased the expression of genes related to cell redox homeostasis, cadmium response, and lipid localization, but enhanced signal transduction, protein phosphorylation, NBS-LRR disease resistance proteins and subsequently programmed cell death in low-Mg shoots. By comparison, elevated CO2 enhanced the response of lipid localization (mainly LTP transfer protein/protease inhibitor), endomembrane system, heme binding and cell wall modification in high-Mg roots. Some of these transcriptomic results are substantially in accordance with our physiological and/or biochemical analysis. The present findings broaden our current understanding on the interactive effect of elevated CO2 and Mg levels in the Arabidopsis, which may help to design the novel metabolic engineering strategies to cope with Mg deficiency/excess in crops under elevated CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Chin
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Chin
| | - Caixian Tang
- Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Chin
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243
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Singh S, Parihar P, Singh R, Singh VP, Prasad SM. Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Role of Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Ionomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1143. [PMID: 26904030 PMCID: PMC4744854 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by the increasing population growth and inherent food demand. It has been reported in several studies that counterbalancing toxicity due to heavy metal requires complex mechanisms at molecular, biochemical, physiological, cellular, tissue, and whole plant level, which might manifest in terms of improved crop productivity. Recent advances in various disciplines of biological sciences such as metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, etc., have assisted in the characterization of metabolites, transcription factors, and stress-inducible proteins involved in heavy metal tolerance, which in turn can be utilized for generating heavy metal-tolerant crops. This review summarizes various tolerance strategies of plants under heavy metal toxicity covering the role of metabolites (metabolomics), trace elements (ionomics), transcription factors (transcriptomics), various stress-inducible proteins (proteomics) as well as the role of plant hormones. We also provide a glance of some strategies adopted by metal-accumulating plants, also known as "metallophytes."
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Rachana Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- Department of Botany, Government Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Sarguja UniversityBaikunthpur, India
| | - Sheo M. Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
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244
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Auguy F, Fahr M, Moulin P, El Mzibri M, Smouni A, Filali-Maltouf A, Béna G, Doumas P. Transcriptome Changes in Hirschfeldia incana in Response to Lead Exposure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1231. [PMID: 26793211 PMCID: PMC4710698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hirschfeldia incana, a pseudometallophyte belonging to the Brassicaceae family and widespread in the Mediterranean region, was selected for its ability to grow on soils contaminated by lead (Pb). The global comparison of gene expression using microarrays between a plant susceptible to Pb (Arabidopsis thaliana) and a Pb tolerant plant (H. incana) enabled the identification of a set of specific genes expressed in response to lead exposure. Three groups of genes were particularly over-represented by the Pb exposure in the biological processes categorized as photosynthesis, cell wall, and metal handling. Each of these gene groups was shown to be directly involved in tolerance or in protection mechanisms to the phytotoxicity associated with Pb. Among these genes, we demonstrated that MT2b, a metallothionein gene, was involved in lead accumulation, confirming the important role of metallothioneins in the accumulation and the distribution of Pb in leaves. On the other hand, several genes involved in biosynthesis of ABA were shown to be up-regulated in the roots and shoots of H. incana treated with Pb, suggesting that ABA-mediated signaling is a possible mechanism in response to Pb treatment in H. incana. This latest finding is an important research direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Auguy
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR DIADE, Equipe RhizogenèseMontpellier, France
| | - Mouna Fahr
- Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UBRM-DSVRabat, Morocco
| | - Patricia Moulin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Mzibri
- Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UBRM-DSVRabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Gilles Béna
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR IPME, Equipe ABIPMontpellier, France
| | - Patrick Doumas
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des PlantesMontpellier, France
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Kabir AH, Hossain MM, Khatun MA, Mandal A, Haider SA. Role of Silicon Counteracting Cadmium Toxicity in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1117. [PMID: 27512401 PMCID: PMC4961700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most phytotoxic elements causing an agricultural problem and human health hazards. This work investigates whether and how silicon (Si) ameliorates Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. The addition of Si in Cd-stressed plants caused significant improvement in morpho-physiological features as well as total protein and membrane stability, indicating that Si does have critical roles in Cd detoxification in Alfalfa. Furthermore, Si supplementation in Cd-stressed plants showed a significant decrease in Cd and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots compared with Cd-stressed plants, revealing that Si-mediated tolerance to Cd stress is associated with Cd inhibition in Alfalfa. Results also showed no significant changes in the expression of two metal chelators [MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and MsMT2 (metallothionein)] and PC (phytochelatin) accumulation, indicating that there may be no metal sequestration or change in metal sequestration following Si application under Cd stress in Alfalfa. We further performed a targeted study on the effect of Si on Fe uptake mechanisms. We observed the consistent reduction in Fe reductase activity, expression of Fe-related genes [MsIRT1 (Fe transporter), MsNramp1 (metal transporter) and OsFRO1 (ferric chelate reductase] and Fe chelators (citrate and malate) by Si application to Cd stress in roots of Alfalfa. These results support that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms confers Si-mediated alleviation of Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. Finally, an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities along with elevated methionine and proline subjected to Si application might play roles, at least in part, to reduce H2O2 and to provide antioxidant defense against Cd stress in Alfalfa. The study shows evidence of the effect of Si on alleviating Cd toxicity in Alfalfa and can be further extended for phytoremediation of Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Ahmad H. Kabir,
| | - Mohammad M. Hossain
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Most A. Khatun
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Mandal
- System Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of SkövdeSkövde, Sweden
| | - Syed A. Haider
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
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Li D, Xu X, Hu X, Liu Q, Wang Z, Zhang H, Wang H, Wei M, Wang H, Liu H, Li C. Genome-Wide Analysis and Heavy Metal-Induced Expression Profiling of the HMA Gene Family in Populus trichocarpa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1149. [PMID: 26779188 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family plays an important role in transition metal transport in plants. However, this gene family has not been extensively studied in Populus trichocarpa. We identified 17 HMA genes in P. trichocarpa (PtHMAs), of which PtHMA1-PtHMA4 belonged to the zinc (Zn)/cobalt (Co)/cadmium (Cd)/lead (Pb) subgroup, and PtHMA5-PtHMA8 were members of the copper (Cu)/silver (Ag) subgroup. Most of the genes were localized to chromosomes I and III. Gene structure, gene chromosomal location, and synteny analyses of PtHMAs indicated that tandem and segmental duplications likely contributed to the expansion and evolution of the PtHMAs. Most of the HMA genes contained abiotic stress-related cis-elements. Tissue-specific expression of PtHMA genes showed that PtHMA1 and PtHMA4 had relatively high expression levels in the leaves, whereas Cu/Ag subgroup (PtHMA5.1- PtHMA8) genes were upregulated in the roots. High concentrations of Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, Co, Pb, and Mn differentially regulated the expression of PtHMAs in various tissues. The preliminary results of the present study generated basic information on the HMA family of Populus that may serve as foundation for future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Library of Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Quangang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Zhanchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Haizhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Hanzeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Haimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin, China
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247
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Tavarez M, Macri A, Sankaran RP. Cadmium and zinc partitioning and accumulation during grain filling in two near isogenic lines of durum wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:461-469. [PMID: 26581046 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can readily accumulate cadmium (Cd), transferring this element to edible leaves, fruits, and seeds. Rice and wheat are among the top crop sources of Cd. Toxic heavy metals like Cd have chemical properties similar to essential micronutrients such as zinc (Zn) and are generally transported in plants by the same transporters as those essential micronutrients. Unfortunately our knowledge of Cd translocation and accumulation in seeds is still unclear. We conducted a partitioning study to assess both the whole plant Cd distribution and accumulation and potential source-sink remobilization during grain filling period in two near-isogenic lines of durum wheat that differ in root to shoot translocation and grain Cd content. We also assessed the role of Zn fertilization in Cd translocation and accumulation in the grains. There was no remobilization of Cd in both lines during grain filling. Although majority of Cd partitioned to the roots in both lines, root to shoot translocation of Cd differed in both lines. In contrast, there were no significant differences in Zn partitioning between the lines and remobilization was observed in different tissues. Although there was some remobilization of Zn, the main source of Cd and Zn is continued uptake and translocation to sources during grain fill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tavarez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd. West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; The Graduate School and University Center-CUNY, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10016-4309, USA
| | - Annarita Macri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd. West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Renuka P Sankaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd. West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; The Graduate School and University Center-CUNY, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10016-4309, USA.
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248
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Migocka M, Papierniak A, Kosieradzka A, Posyniak E, Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska E, Biskup R, Garbiec A, Marchewka T. Cucumber metal tolerance protein CsMTP9 is a plasma membrane H⁺-coupled antiporter involved in the Mn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ efflux from root cells. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 84:1045-58. [PMID: 26485215 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Members of the plant metal tolerance protein (MTP) family have been classified into three major groups - Zn-CDF, Mn-CDF and Zn/Fe-CDF - however, the selectivity of most of the MTPs has not been confirmed yet. Cucumber gene CsMTP9 encoding a putative CDF transporter homologous to members of the Mn-CDF cluster is expressed exclusively in roots. The relative abundance of CsMTP9 transcript and protein in roots is significantly increased under Mn excess and Cd. Immunolocalization with specific antibodies revealed that CsMTP9 is a plasma membrane transporter that localizes to the inner PM domain of root endodermal cells. The plasma membrane localization of CsMTP9 was confirmed by the expression of the fusion proteins of GFP (green fluorescent protein) and CsMTP9 in yeast and protoplasts prepared from Arabidopsis cells. In yeast, CsMTP9 transports Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) via a proton-antiport mechanism with an apparent Km values of approximately 10 μm and 2.5 μm for Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) , respectively. In addition, CsMTP9 expression in yeast rescues the Mn- and Cd-hypersensitive phenotypes through the enhanced efflux of Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) from yeast cells. Similarly, the overexpression of CsMTP9 in A. thaliana confers increased resistance of plants to Mn excess and Cd but not to other heavy metals and leads to the enhanced translocation of manganese and cadmium from roots to shoots. These findings indicate that CsMTP9 is a plasma membrane H(+) -coupled Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) antiporter involved in the efflux of manganese and cadmium from cucumber root cells by the transport of both metals from endodermis into vascular cylinder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Migocka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
| | - Anna Papierniak
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
| | - Anna Kosieradzka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50-335, Poland
| | - Ewelina Posyniak
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50-335, Poland
| | - Ewa Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
| | - Robert Biskup
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
| | - Arnold Garbiec
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50-335, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Marchewka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Wroclaw University, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland
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Deciphering Mineral Homeostasis in Barley Seed Transfer Cells at Transcriptional Level. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141398. [PMID: 26536247 PMCID: PMC4633283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to the micronutrient inadequacy of staple crops for optimal human nutrition, a global downtrend in crop-quality has emerged from intensive breeding for yield. This trend will be aggravated by elevated levels of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. Therefore, crop biofortification is inevitable to ensure a sustainable supply of minerals to the large part of human population who is dietary dependent on staple crops. This requires a thorough understanding of plant-mineral interactions due to the complexity of mineral homeostasis. Employing RNA sequencing, we here communicate transfer cell specific effects of excess iron and zinc during grain filling in our model crop plant barley. Responding to alterations in mineral contents, we found a long range of different genes and transcripts. Among them, it is worth to highlight the auxin and ethylene signaling factors Arfs, Abcbs, Cand1, Hps4, Hac1, Ecr1, and Ctr1, diurnal fluctuation components Sdg2, Imb1, Lip1, and PhyC, retroelements, sulfur homeostasis components Amp1, Hmt3, Eil3, and Vip1, mineral trafficking components Med16, Cnnm4, Aha2, Clpc1, and Pcbps, and vacuole organization factors Ymr155W, RabG3F, Vps4, and Cbl3. Our analysis introduces new interactors and signifies a broad spectrum of regulatory levels from chromatin remodeling to intracellular protein sorting mechanisms active in the plant mineral homeostasis. The results highlight the importance of storage proteins in metal ion toxicity-resistance and chelation. Interestingly, the protein sorting and recycling factors Exoc7, Cdc1, Sec23A, and Rab11A contributed to the response as well as the polar distributors of metal-transporters ensuring the directional flow of minerals. Alternative isoform switching was found important for plant adaptation and occurred among transcripts coding for identical proteins as well as transcripts coding for protein isoforms. We also identified differences in the alternative-isoform preference between the treatments, indicating metal-affinity shifts among isoforms of metal transporters. Most important, we found the zinc treatment to impair both photosynthesis and respiration. A wide range of transcriptional changes including stress-related genes and negative feedback loops emphasize the importance to withhold mineral contents below certain cellular levels which otherwise might lead to agronomical impeding side-effects. By illustrating new mechanisms, genes, and transcripts, this report provides a solid platform towards understanding the complex network of plant mineral homeostasis.
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250
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Song WY, Lee HS, Jin SR, Ko D, Martinoia E, Lee Y, An G, Ahn SN. Rice PCR1 influences grain weight and Zn accumulation in grains. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:2327-39. [PMID: 25854544 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Proteins containing a placenta-specific 8 domain (PLAC8) function as major organ size regulators in Solanum lycopersicum and Zea may, and putative metal ion transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Brassica juncea. However, it is unknown how PLAC8 domain-containing proteins fulfill such diverse roles. Here, we found that plant cadmium resistance 1 (PCR1) influences both zinc (Zn) accumulation and grain weight in rice. OsPCR1 knockout and knockdown lines produced lighter grains than the wild type, while OsPCR1 overexpression lines produced heavier grains. Furthermore, the grains of OsPCR1 knockdown lines exhibited substantially higher Zn and lower cadmium (Cd) concentrations than the control, as did yeast heterologously expressing OsPCR1. Through sequence analysis, we showed that the amino acid sequence of japonica-type PCR1 was distinct from that of indica-type and wild rice accessions. This difference was correlated with distinct Zn-related phenotypes. Japonica-type PCR1 had a shorter N-terminus than did PCR1 in the other rice types, and yeast heterologously expressing japonica-type PCR1 was more sensitive to Zn than was yeast expressing indica-type PCR1. Furthermore, japonica-type grains accumulated less Zn than did indica-type grains. Our study suggests that rice PCR1 maintains metal ion homeostasis and grain weight and might have been selected for during domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Yong Song
- POSTECH-UZH Cooperative Laboratory, Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Lee
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Sang-Rak Jin
- POSTECH-UZH Cooperative Laboratory, Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Donghwi Ko
- POSTECH-UZH Cooperative Laboratory, Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University Zurich, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
| | - Youngsook Lee
- POSTECH-UZH Cooperative Laboratory, Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Korea
| | - Sang-Nag Ahn
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
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