201
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Liu F, Zhao YL, Wang X, Hu H, Peng H, Wang W, Wang JF, Zhang X. Elucidation of Enzymatic Mechanism of Phenazine Biosynthetic Protein PhzF Using QM/MM and MD Simulations. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139081. [PMID: 26414009 PMCID: PMC4586147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenazine biosynthetic pathway is of considerable importance for the pharmaceutical industry. The pathway produces two products: phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid. PhzF is an isomerase that catalyzes trans-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid isomerization and plays an essential role in the phenazine biosynthetic pathway. Although the PhzF crystal structure has been determined recently, an understanding of the detailed catalytic mechanism and the roles of key catalytic residues are still lacking. In this study, a computational strategy using a combination of molecular modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations was used to elucidate these important issues. The Apo enzyme, enzyme-substrate complexes with negatively charged Glu45, enzyme-transition state analog inhibitor complexes with neutral Glu45, and enzyme-product complexes with negatively charged Glu45 structures were optimized and modeled using a 200 ns molecular dynamics simulation. Residues such as Gly73, His74, Asp208, Gly212, Ser213, and water, which play important roles in ligand binding and the isomerization reaction, were comprehensively investigated. Our results suggest that the Glu45 residue at the active site of PhzF acts as a general base/acid catalyst during proton transfer. This study provides new insights into the detailed catalytic mechanism of PhzF and the results have important implications for PhzF modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huasong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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202
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Zhang C, Sheng C, Wang W, Hu H, Peng H, Zhang X. Identification of the Lomofungin Biosynthesis Gene Cluster and Associated Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase Gene in Streptomyces lomondensis S015. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136228. [PMID: 26305803 PMCID: PMC4549113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces lomondensis S015 synthesizes the broad-spectrum phenazine antibiotic lomofungin. Whole genome sequencing of this strain revealed a genomic locus consisting of 23 open reading frames that includes the core phenazine biosynthesis gene cluster lphzGFEDCB. lomo10, encoding a putative flavin-dependent monooxygenase, was also identified in this locus. Inactivation of lomo10 by in-frame partial deletion resulted in the biosynthesis of a new phenazine metabolite, 1-carbomethoxy-6-formyl-4,9-dihydroxy-phenazine, along with the absence of lomofungin. This result suggests that lomo10 is responsible for the hydroxylation of lomofungin at its C-7 position. This is the first description of a phenazine hydroxylation gene in Streptomyces, and the results of this study lay the foundation for further investigation of phenazine metabolite biosynthesis in Streptomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chaolan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huasong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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203
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Microbiology, genomics, and clinical significance of the Pseudomonas fluorescens species complex, an unappreciated colonizer of humans. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 27:927-48. [PMID: 25278578 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00044-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens is not generally considered a bacterial pathogen in humans; however, multiple culture-based and culture-independent studies have identified it at low levels in the indigenous microbiota of various body sites. With recent advances in comparative genomics, many isolates originally identified as the "species" P. fluorescens are now being reclassified as novel Pseudomonas species within the P. fluorescens "species complex." Although most widely studied for its role in the soil and the rhizosphere, P. fluorescens possesses a number of functional traits that provide it with the capability to grow and thrive in mammalian hosts. While significantly less virulent than P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens can cause bacteremia in humans, with most reported cases being attributable either to transfusion of contaminated blood products or to use of contaminated equipment associated with intravenous infusions. Although not suspected of being an etiologic agent of pulmonary disease, there are a number of reports identifying it in respiratory samples. There is also an intriguing association between P. fluorescens and human disease, in that approximately 50% of Crohn's disease patients develop serum antibodies to P. fluorescens. Altogether, these reports are beginning to highlight a far more common, intriguing, and potentially complex association between humans and P. fluorescens during health and disease.
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204
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Isolation of phenazine 1,6-di-carboxylic acid from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain HRW.1-S3 and its role in biofilm-mediated crude oil degradation and cytotoxicity against bacterial and cancer cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8653-65. [PMID: 26051670 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. has long been known for production of a wide range of secondary metabolites during late exponential and stationary phases of growth. Phenazine derivatives constitute a large group of secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms including Pseudomonas sp. Phenazine 1,6-di-carboxylic acid (PDC) is one of such metabolites and has been debated for its origin from Pseudomonas sp. The present study describes purification and characterization of PDC isolated from culture of a natural isolate of Pseudomonas sp. HRW.1-S3 while grown in presence of crude oil as sole carbon source. The isolated PDC was tested for its effect on biofilm formation by another environmental isolate of Pseudomonas sp. DSW.1-S4 which lacks the ability to produce any phenazine compound. PDC showed profound effect on both planktonic as well as biofilm mode of growth of DSW.1-S4 at concentrations between 5 and 20 μM. Interestingly, PDC showed substantial cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines and against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Thus, the present study not only opens an avenue to understand interspecific cooperation between Pseudomonas species which may lead its applicability in bioremediation, but also it signifies the scope of future investigation on PDC for its therapeutic applications.
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205
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Wang X, Mavrodi DV, Ke L, Mavrodi OV, Yang M, Thomashow LS, Zheng N, Weller DM, Zhang J. Biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activity of rhizobacteria from Chinese fields with contaminated soils. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:404-18. [PMID: 25219642 PMCID: PMC4408174 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to inventory the types of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) present in the rhizosphere of plants grown in soils contaminated with heavy metals, recalcitrant organics, petroleum sewage or salinity in China. We screened 1223 isolates for antifungal activity and about 24% inhibited Rhizoctonia solani or Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Twenty-four strains inhibitory to R. solani, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and/or S. sclerotiorum and representing the dominant morphotypes were assayed for PGPR activity. Seven strains contained phlD, prnD, pltC or phzF genes and produced the antibiotics 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyrrolnitrin, pyoluteorin and phenazines respectively. Six strains contained acdS, which encodes 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA and phlD, phzF and acdS genes demonstrated that some strains identified as Pseudomonas were similar to model PGPR strains Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens 30-84 and P. brassicacearum Q8r1-96. Pseudomonas protegens- and P. chlororaphis-like strains had the greatest biocontrol activity against Rhizoctonia root rot and take-all of wheat. Pseudomonas protegens and P. brassicacearum-like strains showed the greatest promotion of canola growth. Our results indicate that strains from contaminated soils are similar to well-described PGPR found in agricultural soils worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Dmitri V Mavrodi
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern MississippiHattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Linfeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Olga V Mavrodi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Mingming Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Linda S Thomashow
- Agricultural Research Service, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, United States Department of AgriculturePullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Na Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - David M Weller
- Agricultural Research Service, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, United States Department of AgriculturePullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Jibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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206
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Mousa WK, Raizada MN. Biodiversity of genes encoding anti-microbial traits within plant associated microbes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:231. [PMID: 25914708 PMCID: PMC4392301 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The plant is an attractive versatile home for diverse associated microbes. A subset of these microbes produces a diversity of anti-microbial natural products including polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, terpenoids, heterocylic nitrogenous compounds, volatile compounds, bacteriocins, and lytic enzymes. In recent years, detailed molecular analysis has led to a better understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms. New genomic and bioinformatic tools have permitted comparisons of orthologous genes between species, leading to predictions of the associated evolutionary mechanisms responsible for diversification at the genetic and corresponding biochemical levels. The purpose of this review is to describe the biodiversity of biosynthetic genes of plant-associated bacteria and fungi that encode selected examples of antimicrobial natural products. For each compound, the target pathogen and biochemical mode of action are described, in order to draw attention to the complexity of these phenomena. We review recent information of the underlying molecular diversity and draw lessons through comparative genomic analysis of the orthologous coding sequences (CDS). We conclude by discussing emerging themes and gaps, discuss the metabolic pathways in the context of the phylogeny and ecology of their microbial hosts, and discuss potential evolutionary mechanisms that led to the diversification of biosynthetic gene clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa K. Mousa
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Manish N. Raizada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
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207
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Kennedy RK, Naik PR, Veena V, Lakshmi B, Lakshmi P, Krishna R, Sakthivel N. 5-Methyl phenazine-1-carboxylic acid: A novel bioactive metabolite by a rhizosphere soil bacterium that exhibits potent antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 231:71-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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208
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Luo Q, Hu H, Peng H, Zhang X, Wang W. Isolation and structural identification of two bioactive phenazines from Streptomyces griseoluteus P510. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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209
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Abstract
Certain pseudomonads are capable of producing phenazines-pigmented, reversibly redox-active metabolites that induce a variety of physiological effects on the producing organism as well as others in their vicinity. Environmental conditions and the specific physiological state of cells can dramatically affect the absolute amounts and relative proportions of the various phenazines produced. The method detailed here-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to detection by UV-Vis absorption-can be used to separate and quantify the amount of phenazines in a Pseudomonas culture. Simple spectrophotometric measurements of filtered culture supernatants can be used to quantify certain oxidized phenazines, such as pyocyanin, in cultures. For cases where the conditions under study are not planktonic cultures (e.g., soil or biofilms) extracting the phenazines may be a necessary first step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Kern
- Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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210
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Kennedy RK, Veena V, Naik PR, Lakshmi P, Krishna R, Sudharani S, Sakthivel N. Phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) from Pseudomonas sp. strain PUP6 selectively induced apoptosis in lung (A549) and breast (MDA MB-231) cancer cells by inhibition of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. Apoptosis 2015; 20:858-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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211
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Phenazine-Producing Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain 2-79. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/2/e00130-15. [PMID: 25814594 PMCID: PMC4384134 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00130-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 2-79, a natural isolate of the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), possesses antagonistic potential toward several fungal pathogens. We report the draft genome sequence of strain 2-79, which comprises 5,674 protein-coding sequences.
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212
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Calderón CE, Ramos C, de Vicente A, Cazorla FM. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 Reveals New Insight into Antifungal Compounds Involved in Biocontrol. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2015; 28:249-260. [PMID: 25679537 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-14-0326-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 is a rhizobacterium that has biocontrol activity against many soilborne phytopathogenic fungi. The whole genome sequence of this strain was obtained using the Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing platform and was assembled using SOAP denovo software. The resulting 6.66-Mb complete sequence of the PCL1606 genome was further analyzed. A comparative genomic analysis using 10 plant-associated strains within the fluorescent Pseudomonas group, including the complete genome of P. chlororaphis PCL1606, revealed a diverse spectrum of traits involved in multitrophic interactions with plants and microbes as well as biological control. Phylogenetic analysis of these strains using eight housekeeping genes clearly placed strain PCL1606 into the P. chlororaphis group. The genome sequence of P. chlororaphis PCL1606 revealed the presence of sequences that were homologous to biosynthetic genes for the antifungal compounds 2-hexyl, 5-propyl resorcinol (HPR), hydrogen cyanide, and pyrrolnitrin; this is the first report of pyrrolnitrin encoding genes in this P. chlororaphis strain. Single-, double-, and triple-insertional mutants in the biosynthetic genes of each antifungal compound were used to test their roles in the production of these antifungal compounds and in antagonism and biocontrol of two fungal pathogens. The results confirmed the function of HPR in the antagonistic phenotype and in the biocontrol activity of P. chlororaphis PCL1606.
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213
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Wu C, van Wezel GP, Hae Choi Y. Identification of novel endophenaside antibiotics produced by Kitasatospora sp. MBT66. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:445-52. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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214
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Cheng X, van der Voort M, Raaijmakers JM. Gac-mediated changes in pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthesis enhance the antimicrobial activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2015; 7:139-47. [PMID: 25356880 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In Pseudomonas species, production of secondary metabolites and exoenzymes is regulated by the GacS/GacA two-component regulatory system. In Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, mutations in the Gac-system cause major transcriptional changes and abolished production of the lipopeptide viscosin and of an exoprotease. In contrast to many other Pseudomonas species and strains, inactivation of the Gac-system in strain SBW25 significantly enhanced its antimicrobial activities against oomycete, fungal and bacterial pathogens. Here, random plasposon mutagenesis of the gacS mutant led to the identification of seven mutants with reduced or loss of antimicrobial activity. In four mutants, the plasposon insertion was located in genes of the pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) biosynthesis pathway. Genetic complementation, ectopic expression, activity bioassays and Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analyses revealed that a gacS mutation in SBW25 leads to enhanced expression of pqq genes, resulting in an increase in gluconic and 2-ketogluconic acid production, which in turn acidified the extracellular medium to levels that inhibit growth of other microorganisms. We also showed that PQQ-mediated acidification comes with a growth penalty for the gacS mutant in the stationary phase. In conclusion, PQQ-mediated acidification compensates for the loss of several antimicrobial traits in P. fluorescens SBW25 and may help gac mutants to withstand competitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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215
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Chen W, Liu XY, Qian C, Song XN, Li WW, Yu HQ. An UV–vis spectroelectrochemical approach for rapid detection of phenazines and exploration of their redox characteristics. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:25-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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216
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Reddy MV, Valasani KR, Lim KT, Jeong YT. Tetramethylguanidiniumchlorosulfonate ionic liquid (TMG IL): an efficient reusable catalyst for the synthesis of tetrahydro-1H-benzo[a]chromeno[2,3-c]phenazin-1-ones under solvent-free conditions and evaluation for their in vitro bioassay activity. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01866h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The scope and versatility of multi-component reaction has been demonstrated in this methodology are highly reactive, potent activity, ecologically cleaner route and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koteswara Rao Valasani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Higuchi Bioscience Center
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Image Science and Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 608-737
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Tae Jeong
- Department of Image Science and Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 608-737
- Republic of Korea
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217
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Abraham A, Philip S, Jacob MK, Narayanan SP, Jacob CK, Kochupurackal J. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid mediated anti-oomycete activity of the endophytic Alcaligenes sp. EIL-2 against Phytophthora meadii. Microbiol Res 2015; 170:229-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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218
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Hu W, Gao Q, Hamada MS, Dawood DH, Zheng J, Chen Y, Ma Z. Potential of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca Strain Pcho10 as a Biocontrol Agent Against Fusarium graminearum. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 104:1289-1297. [PMID: 24941327 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-14-0049-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To develop an effective biocontrol strategy for management of Fusarium head blight on wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum, the bacterial biocontrol agent Pcho10 was selected from more than 1,476 wheat-head-associated bacterial strains according to its antagonistic activity in vitro. This strain was subsequently characterized as Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, assays of the BIOLOG microbial identification system, and unique pigment production. The major antifungal metabolite produced by Pcho10 was further identified as phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance data. The core PCN biosynthesis gene cluster in Pcho10 was cloned and sequenced. PCN showed strong inhibitory activity against F. graminearum conidial germination, mycelial growth, and deoxynivalenol production. Tests both under growth chamber conditions and in field trials showed that Pcho10 well colonized on the wheat head and effectively controlled the disease caused by F. graminearum. Results of this study indicate that P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca Pcho10 has high potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent against F. graminearum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of P. chlororaphis for the management of Fusarium head blight.
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219
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Tupe S, Kulkarni R, Shirazi F, Sant D, Joshi S, Deshpande M. Possible mechanism of antifungal phenazine-1-carboxamide from Pseudomonas
sp. against dimorphic fungi Benjaminiella poitrasii
and human pathogen Candida albicans. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 118:39-48. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S.G. Tupe
- Biochemical Sciences Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - R.R. Kulkarni
- Organic Chemistry Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - F. Shirazi
- Biochemical Sciences Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - D.G. Sant
- Biochemical Sciences Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - S.P. Joshi
- Organic Chemistry Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - M.V. Deshpande
- Biochemical Sciences Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
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220
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Okubara PA, Dickman MB, Blechl AE. Molecular and genetic aspects of controlling the soilborne necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia and Pythium. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 228:61-70. [PMID: 25438786 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The soilborne necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia and Pythium infect a wide range of crops in the US and worldwide. These pathogens pose challenges to growers because the diseases they cause are not adequately controlled by fungicides, rotation or, for many hosts, natural genetic resistance. Although a combination of management practices are likely to be required for control of Rhizoctonia and Pythium, genetic resistance remains a key missing component. This review discusses the recent deployment of introduced genes and genome-based information for control of Rhizoctonia, with emphasis on three pathosystems: Rhizoctonia solani AG8 and wheat, R. solani AG1-IA and rice, and R. solani AG3 or AG4 and potato. Molecular mechanisms underlying disease suppression will be addressed, if appropriate. Although less is known about genes and factors suppressive to Pythium, pathogen genomics and biological control studies are providing useful leads to effectors and antifungal factors. Prospects for resistance to Rhizoctonia and Pythium spp. will continue to improve with growing knowledge of pathogenicity strategies, host defense gene action relative to the pathogen infection process, and the role of environmental factors on pathogen-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Okubara
- USDA-ARS, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA.
| | - Martin B Dickman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2123, USA
| | - Ann E Blechl
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Utilization Research Unit, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710-1105, USA
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221
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Sánchez D, Gomila M, Bennasar A, Lalucat J, García-Valdés E. Genome analysis of environmental and clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from sequence type-1146. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107754. [PMID: 25329302 PMCID: PMC4198096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates of the new sequence type ST-1146, three environmental (P37, P47 and P49) and one clinical (SD9) isolates, with differences in their antibiotic susceptibility profiles have been sequenced and analysed. The genomes were mapped against P. aeruginosa PAO1-UW and UCBPP-PA14. The allelic profiles showed that the highest number of differences were in “Related to phage, transposon or plasmid” and “Secreted factors” categories. The clinical isolate showed a number of exclusive alleles greater than that for the environmental isolates. The phage Pf1 region in isolate SD9 accumulated the highest number of nucleotide substitutions. The ORF analysis of the four genomes assembled de novo indicated that the number of isolate-specific genes was higher in isolate SD9 (132 genes) than in isolates P37 (24 genes), P47 (16 genes) and P49 (21 genes). CRISPR elements were found in all isolates and SD9 showed differences in the spacer region. Genes related to bacteriophages F116 and H66 were found only in isolate SD9. Genome comparisons indicated that the isolates of ST-1146 are close related, and most genes implicated in pathogenicity are highly conserved, suggesting a genetic potential for infectivity in the environmental isolates similar to the clinical one. Phage-related genes are responsible of the main differences among the genomes of ST-1146 isolates. The role of bacteriophages has to be considered in the adaptation processes of isolates to the host and in microevolution studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sánchez
- Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Edifici Guillem Colom, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margarita Gomila
- Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Edifici Guillem Colom, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Bennasar
- Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Edifici Guillem Colom, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS-UIB) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jorge Lalucat
- Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Edifici Guillem Colom, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Elena García-Valdés
- Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Edifici Guillem Colom, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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222
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Gorantla J, Nishanth Kumar S, Nisha G, Sumandu A, Dileep C, Sudaresan A, Sree Kumar M, Lankalapalli R, Dileep Kumar B. Purification and characterization of antifungal phenazines from a fluorescent Pseudomonas strain FPO4 against medically important fungi. J Mycol Med 2014; 24:185-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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223
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AhR sensing of bacterial pigments regulates antibacterial defence. Nature 2014; 512:387-92. [PMID: 25119038 DOI: 10.1038/nature13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a highly conserved ligand-dependent transcription factor that senses environmental toxins and endogenous ligands, thereby inducing detoxifying enzymes and modulating immune cell differentiation and responses. We hypothesized that AhR evolved to sense not only environmental pollutants but also microbial insults. We characterized bacterial pigmented virulence factors, namely the phenazines from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the naphthoquinone phthiocol from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as ligands of AhR. Upon ligand binding, AhR activation leads to virulence factor degradation and regulated cytokine and chemokine production. The relevance of AhR to host defence is underlined by heightened susceptibility of AhR-deficient mice to both P. aeruginosa and M. tuberculosis. Thus, we demonstrate that AhR senses distinct bacterial virulence factors and controls antibacterial responses, supporting a previously unidentified role for AhR as an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, and identify bacterial pigments as a new class of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
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224
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Base-promoted cyclization of 3-alkynylquinoxaline-2-carbonitriles with CH-acids: a new method for the phenazine ring synthesis. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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225
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Synergistic activity of phenazines isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in combination with azoles against Candida species. Med Mycol 2014; 52:482-90. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myu012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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226
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Saluja P, Chaudhary A, Khurana JM. Synthesis of novel fluorescent benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazine and benzo[a]chromeno[2,3-c]phenazine derivatives via facile four-component domino protocol. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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227
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Structural elucidation and antimicrobial activity of new phencomycin derivatives isolated from Burkholderia glumae strain 411gr-6. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 67:721-3. [PMID: 24781954 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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228
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D'aes J, Kieu NP, Léclère V, Tokarski C, Olorunleke FE, De Maeyer K, Jacques P, Höfte M, Ongena M. To settle or to move? The interplay between two classes of cyclic lipopeptides in the biocontrol strain Pseudomonas CMR12a. Environ Microbiol 2014; 16:2282-300. [PMID: 24673852 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas CMR12a is a biocontrol strain that produces phenazine antibiotics and as yet uncharacterized cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs). The CLPs of CMR12a were studied by chemical structure analysis and in silico analysis of the gene clusters encoding the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases responsible for CLP biosynthesis. CMR12a produces two different classes of CLPs: orfamides B, D and E, whereby the latter two represent new derivatives of the orfamide family, and sessilins A-C. The orfamides are made up of a 10 amino acid peptide coupled to a β-hydroxydodecanoyl or β-hydroxytetradecanoyl fatty acid moiety, and are related to orfamides produced by biocontrol strain Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5. The sessilins consist of an 18-amino acid peptide linked to a β-hydroxyoctanoyl fatty acid and differ in one amino acid from tolaasins, toxins produced by the mushroom pathogen Pseudomonas tolaasii. CLP biosynthesis mutants were constructed and tested for biofilm formation and swarming motility. Orfamides appeared indispensable for swarming while sessilin mutants showed reduced biofilm formation, but enhanced swarming motility. The interplay between the two classes of CLPs fine tunes these processes. The presence of sessilins in wild type CMR12a interferes with swarming by hampering the release of orfamides and by co-precipitating orfamides to form a white line in agar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien D'aes
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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229
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The interaction pattern between a homology model of 40S ribosomal S9 protein of Rhizoctonia solani and 1-hydroxyphenaize by docking study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:682946. [PMID: 24864254 PMCID: PMC4016899 DOI: 10.1155/2014/682946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1-Hydroxyphenazine (1-OH-PHZ), a natural product from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SD12, was earlier reported to have potent antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. In the present work, the antifungal activity of 1-OH-PHZ on 40S ribosomal S9 protein was validated by molecular docking approach. 1-OH-PHZ showed interaction with two polar contacts with residues, Arg69 and Phe19, which inhibits the synthesis of fungal protein. Our study reveals that 1-OH-PHZ can be a potent inhibitor of 40S ribosomal S9 protein of R. solani that may be a promising approach for the management of fungal diseases.
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230
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Trejo-Hernández A, Andrade-Domínguez A, Hernández M, Encarnación S. Interspecies competition triggers virulence and mutability in Candida albicans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa mixed biofilms. ISME JOURNAL 2014; 8:1974-88. [PMID: 24739628 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inter-kingdom and interspecies interactions are ubiquitous in nature and are important for the survival of species and ecological balance. The investigation of microbe-microbe interactions is essential for understanding the in vivo activities of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Candida albicans, a polymorphic fungus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium, are two opportunistic pathogens that interact in various polymicrobial infections in humans. To determine how P. aeruginosa affects the physiology of C. albicans and vice versa, we compared the proteomes of each species in mixed biofilms versus single-species biofilms. In addition, extracellular proteins were analyzed. We observed that, in mixed biofilms, both species showed differential expression of virulence proteins, multidrug resistance-associated proteins, proteases and cell defense, stress and iron-regulated proteins. Furthermore, in mixed biofilms, both species displayed an increase in mutability compared with monospecific biofilms. This characteristic was correlated with the downregulation of enzymes conferring protection against DNA oxidation. In mixed biofilms, P. aeruginosa regulates its production of various molecules involved in quorum sensing and induces the production of virulence factors (pyoverdine, rhamnolipids and pyocyanin), which are major contributors to the ability of this bacterium to cause disease. Overall, our results indicate that interspecies competition between these opportunistic pathogens enhances the production of virulence factors and increases mutability and thus can alter the course of host-pathogen interactions in polymicrobial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Magdalena Hernández
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Sergio Encarnación
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
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231
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Glasser NR, Kern SE, Newman DK. Phenazine redox cycling enhances anaerobic survival in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by facilitating generation of ATP and a proton-motive force. Mol Microbiol 2014; 92:399-412. [PMID: 24612454 PMCID: PMC4046897 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
While many studies have explored the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comparatively few have focused on its survival. Previously, we reported that endogenous phenazines support the anaerobic survival of P. aeruginosa, yet the physiological mechanism underpinning survival was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that phenazine redox cycling enables P. aeruginosa to oxidize glucose and pyruvate into acetate, which promotes survival by coupling acetate and ATP synthesis through the activity of acetate kinase. By measuring intracellular NAD(H) and ATP concentrations, we show that survival is correlated with ATP synthesis, which is tightly coupled to redox homeostasis during pyruvate fermentation but not during arginine fermentation. We also show that ATP hydrolysis is required to generate a proton-motive force using the ATP synthase complex during fermentation. Together, our results suggest that phenazines enable maintenance of the proton-motive force by promoting redox homeostasis and ATP synthesis. This work demonstrates the more general principle that extracellular redox-active molecules, such as phenazines, can broaden the metabolic versatility of microorganisms by facilitating energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Glasser
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
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232
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Okegbe C, Price-Whelan A, Dietrich LEP. Redox-driven regulation of microbial community morphogenesis. Curr Opin Microbiol 2014; 18:39-45. [PMID: 24607644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During growth on surfaces, diverse microbial communities display topographies with captivating patterns. The quality and quantity of matrix excreted by resident cells play major roles in determining community architecture. Two current publications indicate that the cellular redox state and respiratory activity are important parameters affecting matrix output in the divergent bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. These and related studies have identified regulatory proteins with the potential to respond to changes in redox state and respiratory electron transport and modulate the activity of the signal transduction pathways that control matrix production. These developments hint at the critical mechanistic links between environmental sensing and community behavior, and provide an exciting new context within which to interpret the molecular details of biofilm structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinweike Okegbe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Alexa Price-Whelan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Lars E P Dietrich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States.
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233
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Yang MM, Wen SS, Mavrodi DV, Mavrodi OV, von Wettstein D, Thomashow LS, Guo JH, Weller DM. Biological control of wheat root diseases by the CLP-producing strain Pseudomonas fluorescens HC1-07. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 104:248-56. [PMID: 24512115 PMCID: PMC5523110 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-13-0142-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens HC1-07, previously isolated from the phyllosphere of wheat grown in Hebei province, China, suppresses the soilborne disease of wheat take-all, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. We report here that strain HC1-07 also suppresses Rhizoctonia root rot of wheat caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8. Strain HC1-07 produced a cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) with a molecular weight of 1,126.42 based on analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Extracted CLP inhibited the growth of G. graminis var. tritici and R. solani in vitro. To determine the role of this CLP in biological control, plasposon mutagenesis was used to generate two nonproducing mutants, HC1-07viscB and HC1-07prtR2. Analysis of regions flanking plasposon insertions in HC1-07prtR2 and HC1-07viscB revealed that the inactivated genes were similar to prtR and viscB, respectively, of the well-described biocontrol strain P. fluorescens SBW25 that produces the CLP viscosin. Both genes in HC1-07 were required for the production of the viscosin-like CLP. The two mutants were less inhibitory to G. graminis var. tritici and R. solani in vitro and reduced in ability to suppress take-all. HC1-07viscB but not HC-07prtR2 was reduced in ability to suppress Rhizoctonia root rot. In addition to CLP production, prtR also played a role in protease production.
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234
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The phzA2-G2 transcript exhibits direct RsmA-mediated activation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89653. [PMID: 24586939 PMCID: PMC3933668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, RNA-binding proteins of the RsmA/CsrA family act as post-transcriptional regulators that modulate translation initiation at target transcripts. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa genome contains two phenazine biosynthetic (phz) gene clusters, phzA1-G1 (phz1) and phzA2-G2 (phz2), each of which is responsible for phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) biosynthesis. In the present study, we show that RsmA exhibits differential gene regulation on two phz clusters in P. aeruginosa M18 at the post-transcriptional level. Based on the sequence analysis, four GGA motifs, the potential RsmA binding sites, are found on the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the phz2 transcript. Studies with a series of lacZ reporter fusions, and gel mobility shift assays suggest that the third GGA motif (S3), located 21 nucleotides upstream of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence, is involved in direct RsmA-mediated activation of phz2 expression. We therefore propose a novel model in which the binding of RsmA to the target S3 results in the destabilization of the stem-loop structure and the enhancement of ribosome access. This model could be fully supported by RNA structure prediction, free energy calculations, and nucleotide replacement studies. In contrast, various RsmA-mediated translation repression mechanisms have been identified in which RsmA binds near the SD sequence of target transcripts, thereby blocking ribosome access. Similarly, RsmA is shown to negatively regulate phz1 expression. Our new findings suggest that the differential regulation exerted by RsmA on the two phz clusters may confer an advantage to P. aeruginosa over other pseudomonads containing only a single phz cluster in their genomes.
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235
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Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas chlororaphis YL-1, a Biocontrol Strain Suppressing Plant Microbial Pathogens. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/1/e01225-13. [PMID: 24482513 PMCID: PMC3907728 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01225-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphis YL-1 was isolated from soybean root tips and showed a broad range of antagonistic activities to microbial plant pathogens. Here, we report the high-quality draft genome sequence of YL-1, which consists of a chromosome with an estimated size of 6.8 Mb with a G+C value of 63.09%.
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236
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Qin Z, Wang X, Rateb ME, Ass'ad LA, Jaspars M, Deng Z, Yu Y, Deng H. Disruption of a methyltransferase gene in actinomycin G gene cluster inStreptomyces iakyrusincreases the production of phenazinomycin. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 352:62-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education); School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | - Mostafa Ezzat Rateb
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
- Pharmacognosy Department; School of Pharmacy; Beni-Suef University; Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Lina Adnan Ass'ad
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | - Marcel Jaspars
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education); School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education); School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Hai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education); School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
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237
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Niranjana SR, Hariprasad P. Understanding the Mechanism Involved in PGPR-Mediated Growth Promotion and Suppression of Biotic and Abiotic Stress in Plants. Fungal Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1188-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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238
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China Raju B, Veera Prasad K, Saidachary G, Sridhar B. A Novel Approach for C–C, C–N, and C–O Bond Formation Reactions: A Facile Synthesis of Benzophenazine, Quinoxaline, and Phenoxazine Derivatives via Ring Opening of Benzoxepines. Org Lett 2013; 16:420-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4033122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhimapaka China Raju
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Kasagani Veera Prasad
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Gannerla Saidachary
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
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239
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Yong XY, Shi DY, Chen YL, Feng J, Xu L, Zhou J, Wang SY, Yong YC, Sun YM, OuYang PK, Zheng T. Enhancement of bioelectricity generation by manipulation of the electron shuttles synthesis pathway in microbial fuel cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:220-224. [PMID: 24292201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are promising for generating bioenergy and treating organic waste simultaneously. However, low extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency between electrogens and anodes remains one of the major bottlenecks in practical applications of MFCs. In this paper, pyocyanin (PYO) synthesis pathway was manipulated to improve the EET efficiency in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-inoculated MFCs. By overexpression of phzM (methyltransferase encoding gene), the maximum power density of P. aeruginosa-phzM-inoculated MFC was enhanced to 166.68 μW/cm(2), which was four folds of the original strain. In addition, the phzM overexpression strain exhibited an increase of 1.6 folds in PYO production and about a onefold decrease in the total internal resistance than the original strain, which should underlie the enhancement of the EET efficiency and the electricity power output (EPT). On the basis of these results, the manipulation of electron shuttles synthesis pathways could be an efficient approach to improve the EPT of MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Yong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China; Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Dong-Yan Shi
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi-Lu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China; Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shu-Ya Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China; Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yong-Ming Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ping-Kai OuYang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China; Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China; Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210095, China.
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240
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Sletta H, Degnes KF, Herfindal L, Klinkenberg G, Fjærvik E, Zahlsen K, Brunsvik A, Nygaard G, Aachmann FL, Ellingsen TE, Døskeland SO, Zotchev SB. Anti-microbial and cytotoxic 1,6-dihydroxyphenazine-5,10-dioxide (iodinin) produced by Streptosporangium sp. DSM 45942 isolated from the fjord sediment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:603-10. [PMID: 24158735 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Phenazine natural products/compounds possess a range of biological activities, including anti-microbial and cytotoxic, making them valuable starting materials for drug development in several therapeutic areas. These compounds are biosynthesized almost exclusively by eubacteria of both terrestrial and marine origins from erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenol pyruvate via the shikimate pathway. In this paper, we report isolation of actinomycete bacteria from marine sediment collected in the Trondheimfjord, Norway. Screening of the isolates for biological activity produced several "hits", one of which was followed up by identification and purification of the active compound from the actinomycete bacterium Streptosporangium sp. The purified compound, identified as 1,6-dihydroxyphenazine-5,10-dioxide (iodinin), was subjected to extended tests for biological activity against bacteria, fungi and mammalian cells. In these tests, the iodinin demonstrated high anti-microbial and cytotoxic activity, and was particularly potent against leukaemia cell lines. This is the first report on the isolation of iodinin from a marine-derived Streptosporangium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard Sletta
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Sem Sælands vei 2a, 7465, Trondheim, Norway
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241
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Arseneault T, Goyer C, Filion M. Phenazine production by Pseudomonas sp. LBUM223 contributes to the biological control of potato common scab. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2013; 103:995-1000. [PMID: 23883153 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-13-0022-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Common scab of potato is mainly caused by Streptomyces scabies. Currently, no method can efficiently control this economically important disease. We have previously determined that Pseudomonas sp. LBUM223 exhibits antagonistic properties toward S. scabies under in vitro conditions. Inhibition was mainly attributed to phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) production because an isogenic mutant of LBUM223 (phzC-), not producing PCA, was incapable of significantly reducing S. scabies growth. In order to understand the impact of PCA production by LBUM223 in controlling common scab under soil conditions, pot experiments were performed to determine its effect on (i) reducing scab symptoms development, (ii) S. scabies population dynamics, and (iii) txtA expression in S. scabies, a key gene involved in thaxtomin A biosynthesis and required for pathogenesis. Symptoms were significantly reduced following inoculation with LBUM223 but not its mutant. Surprisingly, pathogen populations increased in the geocaulosphere in the presence of both wild-type and mutant strains of LBUM223; however, significant repression of txtA expression in S. scabies was only observed in the presence of PCA-producing LBUM223, not its mutant. These results suggest that, under soil conditions, PCA production by LBUM223 does not control common scab development by antibiosis but, instead, reduces S. scabies thaxtomin A production in the geocaulosphere, leading to reduced virulence.
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242
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Cray JA, Bell ANW, Bhaganna P, Mswaka AY, Timson DJ, Hallsworth JE. The biology of habitat dominance; can microbes behave as weeds? Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:453-92. [PMID: 23336673 PMCID: PMC3918151 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Competition between microbial species is a product of, yet can lead to a reduction in, the microbial diversity of specific habitats. Microbial habitats can resemble ecological battlefields where microbial cells struggle to dominate and/or annihilate each other and we explore the hypothesis that (like plant weeds) some microbes are genetically hard-wired to behave in a vigorous and ecologically aggressive manner. These 'microbial weeds' are able to dominate the communities that develop in fertile but uncolonized--or at least partially vacant--habitats via traits enabling them to out-grow competitors; robust tolerances to habitat-relevant stress parameters and highly efficient energy-generation systems; avoidance of or resistance to viral infection, predation and grazers; potent antimicrobial systems; and exceptional abilities to sequester and store resources. In addition, those associated with nutritionally complex habitats are extraordinarily versatile in their utilization of diverse substrates. Weed species typically deploy multiple types of antimicrobial including toxins; volatile organic compounds that act as either hydrophobic or highly chaotropic stressors; biosurfactants; organic acids; and moderately chaotropic solutes that are produced in bulk quantities (e.g. acetone, ethanol). Whereas ability to dominate communities is habitat-specific we suggest that some microbial species are archetypal weeds including generalists such as: Pichia anomala, Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas putida; specialists such as Dunaliella salina, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus spp. and other lactic acid bacteria; freshwater autotrophs Gonyostomum semen and Microcystis aeruginosa; obligate anaerobes such as Clostridium acetobutylicum; facultative pathogens such as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Pantoea ananatis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and other extremotolerant and extremophilic microbes such as Aspergillus spp., Salinibacter ruber and Haloquadratum walsbyi. Some microbes, such as Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Pseudoxylaria spp., exhibit characteristics of both weed and non-weed species. We propose that the concept of nonweeds represents a 'dustbin' group that includes species such as Synodropsis spp., Polypaecilum pisce, Metschnikowia orientalis, Salmonella spp., and Caulobacter crescentus. We show that microbial weeds are conceptually distinct from plant weeds, microbial copiotrophs, r-strategists, and other ecophysiological groups of microorganism. Microbial weed species are unlikely to emerge from stationary-phase or other types of closed communities; it is open habitats that select for weed phenotypes. Specific characteristics that are common to diverse types of open habitat are identified, and implications of weed biology and open-habitat ecology are discussed in the context of further studies needed in the fields of environmental and applied microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Cray
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew N W Bell
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Prashanth Bhaganna
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Allen Y Mswaka
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - David J Timson
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - John E Hallsworth
- School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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243
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Walsh CT, Haynes SW, Ames BD, Gao X, Tang Y. Short pathways to complexity generation: fungal peptidyl alkaloid multicyclic scaffolds from anthranilate building blocks. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:1366-82. [PMID: 23659680 DOI: 10.1021/cb4001684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Complexity generation in naturally occurring peptide scaffolds can occur either by posttranslational modifications of nascent ribosomal proteins or through post assembly line tailoring of nonribosomal peptides. Short enzymatic pathways utilizing bimodular and trimodular nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) assembly lines, followed by tailoring oxygenases and/or prenyltransferases, efficiently construct complex fungal peptidyl alkaloid scaffolds in Aspergilli, Neosartorya, and Penicillium species. Use of the nonproteinogenic amino acid anthranilate as chain-initiating building block and chain-terminating intramolecular nucleophile leads efficiently to peptidyl alkaloid scaffolds with two to seven fused rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Walsh
- Department of Biological Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stuart W. Haynes
- Department of Biological Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian D. Ames
- Department of Biological Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts
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244
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Xu N, Ahuja EG, Janning P, Mavrodi DV, Thomashow LS, Blankenfeldt W. Trapped intermediates in crystals of the FMN-dependent oxidase PhzG provide insight into the final steps of phenazine biosynthesis. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2013; 69:1403-13. [PMID: 23897464 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444913008354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phenazines are redox-active secondary metabolites that many bacteria produce and secrete into the environment. They are broad-specificity antibiotics, but also act as virulence and survival factors in infectious diseases. Phenazines are derived from chorismic acid, but important details of their biosynthesis are still unclear. For example, three two-electron oxidations seem to be necessary in the final steps of the pathway, while only one oxidase, the FMN-dependent PhzG, is conserved in the phenazine-biosynthesis phz operon. Here, crystal structures of PhzG from Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 and from Burkholderia lata 383 in complex with excess FMN and with the phenazine-biosynthesis intermediates hexahydrophenazine-1,6-dicarboxylate and tetrahydrophenazine-1-carboxylate generated in situ are reported. Corroborated with biochemical data, these complexes demonstrate that PhzG is the terminal enzyme in phenazine biosynthesis and that its relaxed substrate specificity lets it participate in the generation of both phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA). This suggests that competition between flavin-dependent oxidations through PhzG and spontaneous oxidative decarboxylations determines the ratio of PDC, PCA and unsubstituted phenazine as the products of phenazine biosynthesis. Further, the results indicate that PhzG synthesizes phenazines in their reduced form. These reduced molecules, and not the fully aromatized derivatives, are the likely end products in vivo, explaining why only one oxidase is required in the phenazine-biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningna Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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245
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Cardozo VF, Oliveira AG, Nishio EK, Perugini MRE, Andrade CGTJ, Silveira WD, Durán N, Andrade G, Kobayashi RKT, Nakazato G. Antibacterial activity of extracellular compounds produced by a Pseudomonas strain against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2013; 12:12. [PMID: 23773484 PMCID: PMC3695862 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-12-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a world health problem. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, is one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital and community-acquired infections. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived compound against MRSA strains. METHODS Thirty clinical MRSA strains were isolated, and three standard MRSA strains were evaluated. The extracellular compounds were purified by vacuum liquid chromatography. Evaluation of antibacterial activity was performed by agar diffusion technique, determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration, curve of growth and viability and scanning electron microscopy. Interaction of an extracellular compound with silver nanoparticle was studied to evaluate antibacterial effect. RESULTS The F3 (ethyl acetate) and F3d (dichloromethane- ethyl acetate) fractions demonstrated antibacterial activity against the MRSA strains. Phenazine-1-carboxamide was identified and purified from the F3d fraction and demonstrated slight antibacterial activity against MRSA, and synergic effect when combined with silver nanoparticles produced by Fusarium oxysporum. Organohalogen compound was purified from this fraction showing high antibacterial effect. Using scanning electron microscopy, we show that the F3d fraction caused morphological changes to the cell wall of the MRSA strains. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that P. aeruginosa-produced compounds such as phenazines have inhibitory effects against MRSA and may be a good alternative treatment to control infections caused by MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane F Cardozo
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
| | - Admilton G Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
| | - Erick K Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
| | - Marcia RE Perugini
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicological, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Célia GTJ Andrade
- Department of General Biology, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Wanderley D Silveira
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagent, Biology Institute, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP CP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemistry Institute Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP CP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
| | - Renata KT Kobayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Sciences Center, University of Londrina State, Londrina, PR CP 86005-990, Brazil
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246
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Xie K, Peng H, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X. OxyR, an important oxidative stress regulator to phenazines production and hydrogen peroxide resistance in Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72. Microbiol Res 2013; 168:646-53. [PMID: 23778235 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72 is an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with a wide-spectrum antibiotic activity toward several soil-borne pathogens. The adaption of this strain to different environmental oxidative stress and redox phenazine pigment by the predicted regulator OxyR were investigated. The deletion of oxyR led to a significant reduction of the viability, production of three phenazine derivatives and resistance to hydrogen peroxide and paraquat on the KB agar plates. However, the mutant ΔoxyR grew better with shorter delay. In addition, the mutant ΔoxyR showed an increased resistance to hydrogen peroxide, which occurred at the concentration varying from 1.0mM to 5.0mM in the KB broth, as compared with the wild type. In addition, the biofilm formation ability was obviously enhanced and influenced by the different oxidants in the mutant. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments indicated that the expression of katG, ahpC, ahpD and phzE were increased in the oxyR mutant background in response to hydrogen peroxide. katG was mainly responsible for the enhanced resistance to hydrogen peroxide. The loss of oxyR is suggested to benefit the hydrogen peroxide inducible gene expression. Thus, OxyR is an important global regulator that regulates multiple pathways to enhance the survival of P. chlororaphis GP72 exposed to different oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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247
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Phenazine antibiotic production and antifungal activity are regulated by multiple quorum-sensing systems in Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca StFRB508. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:580-4. [PMID: 23727350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A number of gram-negative bacteria have a quorum-sensing system and produce the N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) as a signal molecule. Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca StFRB508 produces one of the phenazine derivatives, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA). Whole-genome sequencing of StFRB508 revealed the presence of two sets of AHL-synthase and AHL-receptor gene, phzIR and aurIR. The mutation of phzI drastically decreased PCA production, but the mutation of aurI did not affect PCA production. The phzI and aurI double mutant did not show any PCA production. StFRB508 produces three major AHLs, N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), and N-(3-hydroxyhexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-hydroxy-C6-HSL). As the results of TLC analysis, PhzI mainly catalyzes the biosynthesis of 3-hydroxy-C6-HSL, and AurI catalyzes the biosynthesis of C4-HSL and C6-HSL. PCA production in the phzI and aurI double mutant was restored by exogenous AHLs and the most active AHL was 3-hydroxy-C6-HSL. StFRB508 showed high inhibitory activity of the development of mycelia of plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans. However, the phzI and aurI double mutant could not inhibit the development of mycelia. These results demonstrated that the multiple quorum-sensing system play an important role in PCA production and antifungal activity in StFRB508.
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248
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Li S, Ye Q, Wang W, Hu H, Zhang X. HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF LOMOFUNGIN IN STREPTOMYCES LOMONDENSIS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.712930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiuming Ye
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Wei Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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Wang D, Lee SH, Seeve C, Yu JM, Pierson LS, Pierson EA. Roles of the Gac-Rsm pathway in the regulation of phenazine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas chlororaphis 30-84. Microbiologyopen 2013; 2:505-24. [PMID: 23606419 PMCID: PMC3684763 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The GacS/GacA two-component regulatory system activates the production of secondary metabolites including phenazines crucial for biological control activity in Pseudomonas chlororaphis 30-84. To better understand the role of the Gac system on phenazine regulation, transcriptomic analyses were conducted by comparing the wild-type strain to a gacA mutant. RNA-seq analysis identified 771 genes under GacA control, including many novel genes. Consistent with previous findings, phenazine biosynthetic genes were significantly downregulated in a gacA mutant. The transcript abundances of phenazine regulatory genes such as phzI, phzR, iopA, iopB, rpoS, and pip also were reduced. Moreover, the transcript abundance of three noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including rsmX, rsmY, and rsmZ was significantly decreased by gacA mutation consistent with the presence of consensus GacA-binding sites associated with their promoters. Our results also demonstrated that constitutive expression of rsmZ from a non-gac regulated promoter resulted in complete restoration of N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) and phenazine production as well as the expression of other gac-dependent secondary metabolites in gac mutants. The role of RsmA and RsmE in phenazine production also was investigated. Overexpression of rsmE, but not rsmA, resulted in decreased AHL and phenazine production in P. chlororaphis, and only a mutation in rsmE bypassed the requirement for GacA in phenazine gene expression. In contrast, constitutive expression of the phzI/phzR quorum sensing system did not rescue phenazine production in the gacA mutant, indicating the direct posttranscriptional control by Gac on the phenazine biosynthetic genes. On the basis of these results, we propose a model to illustrate the hierarchic role of phenazine regulators modulated by Gac in the control of phenazine production. The transcriptomic analysis also was used to identify additional genes regulated by GacA that may contribute to the biological control capability of strain 30-84.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2133, USA
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Taxonomy and distribution of phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp. in the dryland agroecosystem of the Inland Pacific Northwest, United States. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:3887-91. [PMID: 23584779 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03945-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the taxonomic placement of phenazine-producing fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. in the Inland Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Five distinct species were identified, two of which were provisionally considered to be new. Agroclimatic zone and soil silt content affected the species diversity across the region.
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