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Negro M, Cerullo G, Perna S, Beretta-Piccoli M, Rondanelli M, Liguori G, Cena H, Phillips SM, Cescon C, D’Antona G. Effects of a Single Dose of a Creatine-Based Multi-Ingredient Pre-workout Supplement Compared to Creatine Alone on Performance Fatigability After Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Design Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:887523. [PMID: 35799580 PMCID: PMC9255897 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.887523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the acute effects of a single oral administration of a creatine-based multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement (MIPS) on performance fatigability and maximal force production after a resistance exercise protocol (REP). Methods Eighteen adult males (age: 23 ± 1 years; body mass: 76.4 ± 1.5 kg; height: 1.77 ± 0.01 m) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design study. Subjects received a single dose of a MIPS (3 g of creatine, 2 g of arginine, 1 g of glutamine, 1 g of taurine, and 800 mg of β-alanine) or creatine citrate (CC) (3 g of creatine) or a placebo (PLA) in three successive trials 1 week apart. In a randomized order, participants consumed either MIPS, CC, or PLA and performed a REP 2 h later. Before ingestion and immediately after REP, subjects performed isometric contractions of the dominant biceps brachii: two maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs), followed by a 20% MVC for 90 s and a 60% MVC until exhaustion. Surface electromyographic indices of performance fatigability, conduction velocity (CV), and fractal dimension (FD) were obtained from the surface electromyographic signal (sEMG). Time to perform the task (TtT), basal blood lactate (BL), and BL after REP were also measured. Results Following REP, statistically significant (P < 0.05) pre–post mean for ΔTtT between MIPS (−7.06 s) and PLA (+0.222 s), ΔCV slopes (20% MVC) between MIPS (0.0082%) and PLA (−0.0519%) and for ΔCV slopes (60% MVC) between MIPS (0.199%) and PLA (−0.154%) were found. A pairwise comparison analysis showed no statistically significant differences in other variables between groups and condition vs. condition. Conclusion After REP, a creatine-enriched MIPS resulted in greater improvement of sEMG descriptors of performance fatigability and TtT compared with PLA. Conversely, no statistically significant differences in outcomes measured were observed between CC and PLA or MIPS and CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Negro
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS) – Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Matteo Beretta-Piccoli
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici (ICS) Maugeri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stuart M. Phillips
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS) – Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe D’Antona,
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202
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The Effect of Fatigue on Lower Limb Joint Stiffness at Different Walking Speeds. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061470. [PMID: 35741281 PMCID: PMC9221592 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the stiffness of each lower limb joint in healthy persons walking at varying speeds when fatigued. The study included 24 subjects (all male; age: 28.16 ± 7.10 years; height: 1.75 ± 0.04 m; weight: 70.62 ± 4.70 kg). A Vicon three-dimensional analysis system and a force plate were used to collect lower extremity kinematic and kinetic data from the participants before and after walking training under various walking situations. Least-squares linear regression equations were utilized to evaluate joint stiffness during single-leg support. Three velocities significantly affected the stiffness of the knee and hip joint (p < 0.001), with a positive correlation. However, ankle joint stiffness was significantly lower only at maximum speed (p < 0.001). Hip stiffness was significantly higher after walking training than that before training (p < 0.001). In contrast, knee stiffness after training was significantly lower than pre-training stiffness in the same walking condition (p < 0.001). Ankle stiffness differed only at maximum speed, and it was significantly higher than pre-training stiffness (p < 0.001). Walking fatigue appeared to change the mechanical properties of the joint. Remarkably, at the maximum walking velocity in exhaustion, when the load on the hip joint was significantly increased, the knee joint’s stiffness decreased, possibly leading to joint instability that results in exercise injury.
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203
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Marina M, Torrado P, Bou-Garcia S, Baudry S, Duchateau J. Changes of agonist and synergist muscles activity during a sustained submaximal brake-pulling gesture. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 65:102677. [PMID: 35717829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the time course of changes in muscle activity of the prime mover and synergist muscles during a sustained brake-pulling action and investigated the relationship between muscle activity and braking force fluctuation (FF). Thirty-two participants performed a continuous fatiguing protocol (CFP) at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until failure. Surface electromyography was used to analyze root mean square (RMS) values in the flexor digitorum superficialis (FD), flexor carpi radialis (FC), extensor digitorum communis (ED), extensor carpi radialis (EC), brachioradialis (BR), biceps brachii (BB), and triceps brachii (TB). The FF and RMS in all muscles increased progressively (P<0.01) during the CFP, with sharp increments at time limit particularly in FD and FC (P<0.001). The RMS of the FD and FC were comparable to the baseline MVC values at time limit, in comparison to the other muscles that did not reach such levels of activity (P<0.003). The three flexor/extensor ratios used to measure coactivation levels decreased significantly (P<0.001). In contrast to RMS, MVC was still depressed at the minute 10 of recovery. The results suggest that the time limit was mainly constrained by fatigue-related mechanisms of the FD and FC but not by those of other synergist and antagonist muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Marina
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC) -Universitat de Barcelona (UB). Research Group in Physical Activity and Health (GRAFiS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Priscila Torrado
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC) -Universitat de Barcelona (UB). Research Group in Physical Activity and Health (GRAFiS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Bou-Garcia
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC) -Universitat de Barcelona (UB). Research Group in Physical Activity and Health (GRAFiS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stéphane Baudry
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology (LABNeuro), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jacques Duchateau
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology (LABNeuro), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). Bruxelles, Belgium
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204
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Riazati S, Caplan N, Matabuena M, Hayes PR. Gait and Neuromuscular Changes Are Evident in Some Masters Club Level Runners 24-h After Interval Training Run. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:830278. [PMID: 35721873 PMCID: PMC9201250 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.830278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the time course of recovery for gait and neuromuscular function immediately after and 24-h post interval training. In addition, this study compared the impact of different statistical approaches on detecting changes. Methods Twenty (10F, 10M) healthy, recreational club runners performed a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session consisting of six repetitions of 800 m. A 6-min medium intensity run was performed pre, post, and 24-h post HIIT to assess hip and knee kinematics and coordination variability. Voluntary activation and twitch force of the quadriceps, along with maximum isometric force were examined pre, post, and 24-h post significance HIIT. The time course of changes were examined using two different statistical approaches: traditional null hypothesis significance tests and “real” changes using minimum detectable change. Results Immediately following the run, there were significant (P < 0.05) increases in the hip frontal kinematics and coordination variability. The runners also experienced a loss of muscular strength and neuromuscular function immediately post HIIT (P < 0.05). Individual assessment, however, showed that not all runners experienced fatigue effects immediately post HIIT. Null hypothesis significance testing revealed a lack of recovery in hip frontal kinematics, coordination variability, muscle strength, and neuromuscular function at 24-h post, however, the use of minimum detectable change suggested that most runners had recovered. Conclusion High intensity interval training resulted in altered running kinematics along with central and peripheral decrements in neuromuscular function. Most runners had recovered within 24-h, although a minority still exhibited signs of fatigue. The runners that were not able to recover prior to their run at 24-h were identified to be at an increased risk of running-related injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherveen Riazati
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Biomechanics, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Neuroscience Lab, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Sherveen Riazati
| | - Nick Caplan
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Matabuena
- Unique Research Center on Intelligent Technologies (CiTIUS), University of Santiago of Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Philip R. Hayes
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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205
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Li L. Gait & posture: Fatigue, fatigability, and muscle torque reduction. Gait Posture 2022; 95:234. [PMID: 32950359 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, United States.
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206
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Gait balance control after fatigue: Effects of age and cognitive demand. Gait Posture 2022; 95:129-134. [PMID: 35487020 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a commonly mentioned symptom in older adults, and walking under the influence of fatigue frequently occurs in daily activities. Studies have reported individual effects from fatigue or cognitive demand on gait performance. However, the information on how fatigue and cognitive demand interact to affect gait balance control is still lacking. RESEARCH QUESTION How does fatigue affect walking balance control in young and older adults with and without performing a concurrent cognitive task? METHODS We collected and analyzed motion data from 17 young and 17 older adults, who performed over-ground walking with and without a concurrent working memory test, before and after been fatigued by performing repetitive sit-to-stand movements. Three-way ANOVAs were used for statistical analysis with Age (young and older adults), Fatigue (pre- and post-fatigue), and Task (single-task and dual-task) as factors. RESULTS From pre- to post-fatigue, an increased gait velocity was observed during dual-task walking regardless of age (p = .02). Only young adults demonstrated a significant increase in mediolateral center of mass displacement (M-L CoM) at post-fatigue (p = .019). Accuracies of the working memory test were not affected by Age, Task, or Fatigue. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings revealed that gait balance control, as measured by the M-L CoM, deteriorated post-fatigue in young adults. Older adults maintained their mediolateral body sway from pre-fatigue to post-fatigue. Fatigue effects were not further exacerbated during dual-task walking, and similar cognitive performance was maintained as performance fatigability increased.
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207
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Inter-joint coordination variability during a sit-to-stand fatiguing protocol. J Biomech 2022; 138:111132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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208
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Voskuil CC, Dinyer-McNeely TK, Succi PJ, Campbell MS, Abel MG, Bergstrom HC. Unilateral Handgrip Holds to Failure Result in Sex-Dependent Contralateral Facilitation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2022; 15:782-796. [PMID: 35992504 PMCID: PMC9362884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force following dominant (Dm) and nondominant (NDm) unilateral, handgrip isometric holds to failure (HTF) for the exercised ipsilateral (IPS) and non-exercised contralateral (CON) limbs and determined if there are sex- and hand- (Dm vs NDm) dependent responses in the HTF time, performance fatigability (PF) for the exercised IPS limb, and changes in MVIC force for the CON limb after unilateral fatigue. Ten men and 10 women (Age = 22.2 years) completed an isometric HTF at 50% MVIC for the Dm and NDm hand on separate days. Prior to, and immediately after the HTF, an MVIC was performed on the IPS and CON limbs, in a randomized order. The Dm (130.3 ± 36.8 s) HTF (collapsed across sex) was significantly longer (p = 0.002) than the NDm (112.1 ± 34.3 s). The men (collapsed across hand) demonstrated IPS (%Δ = 22.9 ± 10.8%) PF and CON facilitation (%Δ = -6.1 ± 6.9%) following the HTF, while the women demonstrated differences in PF between the Dm and NDm hands for the IPS (%Δ Dm = 28.0 ± 9.4%; NDm = 32.3% ± 10.1%; p = 0.027), but not the CON limb (%Δ Dm = -1.6 ± 5.7%; NDm = 1.7 ± 5.9%). The cross-over facilitation of the CON limb for men, but not women, following a unilateral, isometric handgrip HTF may be related to post-activation potentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb C Voskuil
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Taylor K Dinyer-McNeely
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Pasquale J Succi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Marilyn S Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mark G Abel
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Haley C Bergstrom
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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209
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Jo D, Goubran M, Bilodeau M. Sex differences in central and peripheral fatigue induced by sustained isometric ankle plantar flexion. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 65:102676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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210
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Albanese GA, Falzarano V, Holmes MWR, Morasso P, Zenzeri J. A Dynamic Submaximal Fatigue Protocol Alters Wrist Biomechanical Properties and Proprioception. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:887270. [PMID: 35712530 PMCID: PMC9196583 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.887270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a temporary condition that arises as a result of intense and/or prolonged use of muscles and can affect skilled human performance. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of these effects is a topic of crucial interest in both ergonomics and clinical settings. This study introduced a novel protocol, based on robotic techniques, to quantitatively assess the effects of fatigue on the human wrist joint. A wrist manipulandum was used for two concurrent purposes: (1) implementing the fatigue task and (2) assessing the functional changes both before and at four time points after the end of the fatigue task. Fourteen participants completed the experimental protocol, which included the fatigue task and assessment sessions over 2 days. Specifically, the assessments performed are related to the following indicators: (1) isometric forces, (2) biomechanical properties of the wrist, (3) position sense, and (4) stretch reflexes of the muscles involved. The proposed fatigue task was a short-term, submaximal and dynamic wrist flexion/extension task designed with a torque opposing wrist flexion. A novel task termination criterion was employed and based on a percentage decrease in the mean frequency of muscles measured using surface electromyography. The muscle fatigue analysis demonstrated a change in mean frequency for both the wrist flexors and extensors, however, only the isometric flexion force decreased 4 min after the end of the task. At the same time point, wrist position sense was significantly improved and stiffness was the lowest. Viscosity presented different behaviors depending on the direction evaluated. At the end of the experiment (about 12 min after the end of the fatigue task), wrist position sense recovered to pre-fatigue values, while biomechanical properties did not return to their pre-fatigue values. Due to the wide variety of fatigue tasks proposed in the literature, it has been difficult to define a complete framework that presents the dynamic of fatigue-related changes in different components associated with wrist function. This work enables us to discuss the possible causes and the mutual relationship of the changes detected after the same task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia A. Albanese
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia A. Albanese,
| | - Valeria Falzarano
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael W. R. Holmes
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Pietro Morasso
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Jacopo Zenzeri
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
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211
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Zhong R, Liao J, Xu Y. Fatigue Assessment of Sedentary Office Workers using Smart Phones: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 29:723-734. [PMID: 35574672 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2077000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphone-based gait assessment provides a novel method to evaluate fatigue. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine self-reported fatigue and gait parameters recorded using a smartphone before and after an 8-hour work day in bank workers, and identify the relationship between self-reported fatigue and gait parameters. METHODS 100 bank workers (20-45 years) were tested before and after an 8-hour work day using a reaction time test, self-reported fatigue scale, and gait test. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis and partial least squares regression were used to identify the relationship between self-reported fatigue and gait parameters. RESULTS Reaction time and self-reported fatigue increased significantly after work. Gait parameters (step frequency, minimum acceleration, acceleration root mean square, step regularity, and step counts) decreased; step time and step time variability increased significantly (p < 0.05). We found a significant correlation between Δwork engagement (delta: Δ) and Δstep frequency (r = -0.20, p < 0.05), Δwork engagement and Δstep time (r = 0.21, p < 0.05), and Δwork tasks and Δstep symmetry (r = -0.20, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION This study suggests that step frequency, step time and step symmetry measured using a smartphone have the potential to be used as predictors of work fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runting Zhong
- School of Business, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingxian Liao
- School of Business, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yunlong Xu
- School of Business, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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212
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Broscheid KC, Behrens M, Bilgin-Egner P, Peters A, Dettmers C, Jöbges M, Schega L. Instrumented Assessment of Motor Performance Fatigability During the 6-Min Walk Test in Mildly Affected People With Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:802516. [PMID: 35614920 PMCID: PMC9125148 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.802516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are conflicting results regarding the changes in spatio-temporal gait parameters during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) as indicators of gait-related motor performance fatigability (PF) in people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). To further analyze if gait-related motor PF can be quantified using instrumented gait analysis during the 6MWT, we investigated: (i) whether gait parameters recorded during the first or second minute were more stable and thus the better baseline to assess motor PF and (ii) if the minimum toe clearance (MTC) together with “classical” spatio-temporal gait parameters can be used to quantify motor PF in pwMS. Nineteen mildly affected pwMS [12 women/7 men; 47.8 ± 9.0 years; the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS): 2.7 ± 1.0] and 24 healthy controls (HC; 15 women/9 men; 48.8 ± 7.6 years) completed the 6MWT equipped with inertial measurement units. Data were analyzed using the attractor method to compare the stability of gait parameters and, besides “classical” spatio-temporal gait parameters, the MTC was calculated as a potential new marker for motor PF in pwMS as this was shown in healthy older adults. It was found that (i) gait parameters were more stable in the second than in the first minute and (ii) gait-related motor PF could not be detected based on spatio-temporal gait parameters, including the MTC. Descriptive analysis indicated a decrease in MTC variability, which is assumed to be indicative for motor PF, toward the end of the 6MWT in some pwMS. Future studies should investigate gait parameters for the assessment of motor PF in pwMS recorded during more intense and/or longer walking protocols, taking the level of disability into account. Furthermore, using gait parameters recorded in the first minute of the 6MWT as a baseline for the assessment of motor PF should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Charline Broscheid
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kim-Charline Broscheid
| | - Martin Behrens
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Patrizia Bilgin-Egner
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Lutz Schega
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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213
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Yoon S, Bailey CA, Côté JN. Sex-specific muscle activation and oxygenation kinetics during a repetitive forward pointing task. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:502-516. [PMID: 35050824 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We compared the minute-by-minute muscle activity and oxygenation responses to a repetitive arm motion-induced fatiguing task between the sexes in order to address the literature gap on these time-dependent fatigue responses. Twenty-six (13 females) healthy adults performed a repetitive pointing task (RPT) with the arm moving forward/backward at shoulder height until reaching 8/10 (Borg CR10) for neck/shoulder perceived exertion (RPE). Neck/shoulder RPE, oxygenation and electromyography were recorded every minute and compared between first and second half of the task and between the sexes. Greater changes in oxygen supply and activation amplitude occurred during the second half of the task. Despite similar time to fatigue-terminal (p > 0.05), females showed greater anterior deltoid activation amplitude at all time points than males, and only the males showed increases in anterior and posterior deltoid activation amplitudes. In females, middle (ρ = -0.34, p = 0.04) and posterior (ρ = -0.44, p = 0.01) deltoid amplitudes were negatively correlated with perceived exertion during the first half of the task. Results suggest that reduced modulation of anterior deltoid activation amplitude in females may reflect a sub-optimal fatigue-mitigation mechanism compared with males and may help explain their greater susceptibility to neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. Novelty: Despite similar fatigability and trapezius oxygenation, females showed greater deltoid activation throughout the task. Deltoid activation increased in males but not in females. The results support the important role of the deltoid in sex-specific neck/shoulder injury mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- SangHoon Yoon
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Christopher A Bailey
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Julie N Côté
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
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Gollie JM, Guccione AA, Keyser RE, Chin LMK, Panza GS, Herrick JE. Walking endurance, muscle oxygen extraction, and perceived fatigability after overground locomotor training in incomplete spinal cord injury: A pilot study. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:381-389. [PMID: 32795157 PMCID: PMC9135420 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1798137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of overground locomotor training (OLT) on walking endurance and gastrocnemius oxygen extraction in people with chronic cervical motor-incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).Design: Prospective single-arm pre-post pilot study.Setting: Human Performance Research Laboratory.Participants: Adult men with traumatic chronic cervical SCI (n = 6; age = 30.8 ± 12.5).Intervention: Twenty-four sessions of structured OLT.Outcome measures: Walking endurance was determined during a constant work-rate time-to-exhaustion treadmill test. Normalized perceived fatigability was calculated by dividing subjective ratings of tiredness by walking time. Cardiorespiratory outcomes and muscle oxygen extraction were analyzed using breath-by-breath gas-exchange and near-infrared spectroscopy.Results: OLT resulted in large effects on walking endurance (1232 ± 446 s vs 1645 ± 255 s; d = 1.1; P = 0.045) and normalized perceived fatigability (5.3 ± 1.5 a.u. vs 3.6 ± 0.9 a.u.; d = 1.3; P = 0.033). Small-to-medium effects on absolute (2.8 ± 2.5 a.u. vs 4.2 ± 3.5 a.u.; d = 0.42; P = 0.035) and isotime (2.8 ± 2.5 a.u. vs 3.8 ± 3.0 a.u.; d = 0.33; P = 0.023) muscle oxygen extraction were also observed after OLT.Conclusion: These findings provide preliminary data supporting the potential for improved walking endurance, enhanced muscle O2 extraction, and reduced perceived fatigability in people with chronic cervical motor-incomplete SCI following the OLT program described in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M. Gollie
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbi, USA
- Department of Health, Human Function, and Rehabilitation Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbi, USA
- Rehabilitation Science Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew A. Guccione
- Rehabilitation Science Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Randall E. Keyser
- Rehabilitation Science Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa M. K. Chin
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gino S. Panza
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Research Services, John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey E. Herrick
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, Virginia, USA
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215
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Damato EG, Fillioe SJ, Margevicius SP, Mayes RS, Somogyi JE, Vannix IS, Abdollahifar A, Turner AM, Ilcus LS, Decker MJ. Increased Serum Levels of Proinflammatory Cytokines Are Accompanied by Fatigue in Military T-6A Texan II Instructor Pilots. Front Physiol 2022; 13:876750. [PMID: 35574470 PMCID: PMC9097024 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.876750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Tactical aviation imposes unprecedented physical challenges including repetitive exposure to hypergravity, hyperoxia, increased work of breathing, and profound cognitive workloads. Each stressor evokes outcomes ranging from musculoskeletal duress and atelectasis to physical and cognitive fatigue, the latter among the foremost threats to aviators. Whereas sleep loss is traditionally considered the primary cause of fatigue in aviators, converging experimental, observational, and medical studies have identified biochemical mechanisms promoting onset of fatigue. Those mechanisms, which fundamentally differ from sleep loss, revolve around increased proinflammatory cytokines, produced and released in response to tissue injury, chronic inflammatory disorders, allergens, or physical duress. This study’s objective was to inform our understanding of potential relationships between serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and onset of fatigue within a cohort of aviators who experience multiple high-performance sorties on a daily basis. Methods: Active duty and reservist T-6A Texan II instructor pilots were studied on three separate days across their week-long flying schedule. Data collected included a physical assessment, subjective fatigue levels, venous blood samples for measures of chemistry and serum analytes, and urine samples for specific gravity. Results: Twenty-three persons were studied, of which 22 fulfilled minimum study requirements of completing two sorties. The study cohort was comprised of primarily males, age 37.95 ± 4.73 years with a BMI of 26.63 ± 3.15 kg/m2. Of 37 measurable serum analytes, 20 differed significantly (p < 0.05) between baseline values with those measured at the study endpoint. Thirteen of the aviators reported increased fatigue scores across their flying schedule whereas nine did not. Eleven blood serum analytes were associated with increasing levels of fatigue. Discussion: Fatigue in aviators has been attributed almost solely to sleep loss, nocturnal sorties, or disrupted circadian rhythmicity. In contrast, our study findings suggest an alternative mechanism that can promote onset of fatigue: increased blood levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Specific mechanisms triggering synthesis and release of those cytokines and other analytes are yet to be determined. However, their expression patterns suggest responses to both chronic and acute inflammation, hyperoxia, or bronchopulmonary responses to inspiration of dry gas, positive airway pressure, or perhaps atelectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G. Damato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Seth J. Fillioe
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Seunghee P. Margevicius
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ryan S. Mayes
- 711th Human Performance Wing, U. S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States
| | | | - Ian S. Vannix
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Alireza Abdollahifar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Anthony M. Turner
- 711th Human Performance Wing, U. S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States
| | | | - Michael J. Decker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Michael J. Decker,
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216
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Iaquinta FS, Grembiale RD, Mauro D, Pantano I, Naty S, Cosco C, Iacono D, Gaggiano E, Ruggiero A, Ciccia F, Doldo P, Spagnuolo R. Fatigue and Associated Factors in an Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2455. [PMID: 35566580 PMCID: PMC9099976 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a main symptom of chronic diseases, including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and inflammatory arthritis (IA); however, the pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of fatigue and the associated factors in an IMIDs population. A control group, IBD, and IA patients, were enrolled. The PROMIS® fatigue questionnaire was used to evaluate the symptoms. Information on demographics, anthropometrics, disease characteristics, and medications was collected for each participant. A total of 471 subjects (137 with IBD, 103 with IA, and 206 controls) were enrolled. IBD and IA patients reported greater fatigue than controls (p < 0.001, each). In univariate regression, patients with anxiety and depression were more likely to report fatigue (p = 1.40 × 10−9 and p = 3.80 × 10−11, respectively). Males, holding a high school diploma, and being employed were inversely correlated to the domain (p = 1.3 × 10−5; p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively). The use of steroids and disease activity determined increased fatigue (p = 0.014 and p = 0.019; respectively). In the multivariate analysis, anxiety and depression remained associated (p = 0.002 and p = 1.3 × 10−5, respectively). IMIDs patients present increased fatigue compared with healthy subjects. Anxiety and depression are the main associated factors, suggesting a psychological component of the symptom; thus, a holistic management should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Daniela Grembiale
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Daniele Mauro
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilenia Pantano
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Saverio Naty
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Cristina Cosco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (P.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Daniela Iacono
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Emanuela Gaggiano
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Annarita Ruggiero
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Department of Precision Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.P.); (D.I.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Patrizia Doldo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (P.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Rocco Spagnuolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (P.D.); (R.S.)
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217
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Silveira AC, Hasegawa JS, Cruz R, Matsuda M, Marquezini MV, Lima-Silva AE, Giles LV, Saldiva PHN, Koehle MS, Bertuzzi R. Effects of air pollution exposure on inflammatory and endurance performance in recreationally trained cyclists adapted to traffic-related air pollution. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R562-R570. [PMID: 35411800 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00305.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on markers of inflammatory, neuroplasticity, and endurance performance-related parameters in recreationally trained cyclists who were adapted to TRAP during a 50-km cycling time-trial (50-km cycling TT). Ten male cyclists performed a 50-km cycling TT inside an environmental chamber located in downtown Sao Paulo (Brazil), under TRAP or filtered air conditions. Blood samples were obtained before and after the 50-km cycling TT to measure markers of inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)], and neuroplasticity [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)]. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), and power output (PO) were measured throughout the 50-km cycling TT. There were no significant differences between experimental conditions for responses of IL-6, CRP and IL-10 (P > 0.05). When compared with exercise-induced changes in filtered air condition, TRAP provoked greater exercise-induced increase in BDNF levels (TRAP = 3.3 ± 2.4 fold change; Filtered = 1.3 ± 0.5 fold change; P = 0.04) and lower exercise-induced increase in ICAM-1 (Filtered = 1.1 ± 0.1 fold change; TRAP = 1.0 ± 0.1 fold change; P = 0.01). The endurance performance-related parameters (RPE, HR, PO, and time to complete the 50-km cycling TT) were not different between TRAP and filtered air conditions (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the potential negative impacts of exposure to pollution on inflammatory, neuroplasticity, and performance-related parameters do not occur in recreationally trained cyclists who are adapted to TRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Casanova Silveira
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Satoshi Hasegawa
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ramon Cruz
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Sports Center, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazi
| | - Monique Matsuda
- Laboratory of Investigation in Ophthalmology (LIM-33), Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica V Marquezini
- Pro - Sangue Foundation, Sao Paulo and Pathology Department, University of Sao Paulo Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano E Lima-Silva
- Human Performance Research Group, Academic Department of Physical Education (DAEFI), Federal University of Technology Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luisa V Giles
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Fraser Valley (UFV), British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paulo H N Saldiva
- Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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218
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Broscheid KC, Behrens M, Dettmers C, Jöbges M, Schega L. Effects of a 6-Min Treadmill Walking Test on Dual-Task Gait Performance and Prefrontal Hemodynamics in People With Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:822952. [PMID: 35463151 PMCID: PMC9022001 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.822952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most limiting symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and can be subdivided into trait and state fatigue. Activity-induced state fatigue describes the temporary decline in motor and/or cognitive performance (motor and cognitive performance fatigability, respectively) and/or the increase in the perception of fatigue (perceived fatigability) in response to motor or cognitive tasks. To the best of our knowledge, the effects of a 6-min walk test (6MWT), which was often used to assess motor performance fatigability in pwMS, on motor-cognitive dual-task performance (i.e., walking + arithmetic task) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamics are not well-known. This is of importance, since daily activities are often performed as multitasks and a worse dual-task walking performance is associated with an increased risk of falling. Consequently, we investigated the effect of a fast 6MWT (comfort velocity + 15%) performed on a treadmill on motor-cognitive performance fatigability (spatio-temporal gait parameters/accuracy during the arithmetic task) and perceived fatigability measures (rating of perceived exhaustion; RPE) as well as PFC hemodynamics recorded during dual-task walking in pwMS and healthy controls (HCs). Twenty pwMS (48.3 ± 9.0 years; 13 females/7 males; expanded disability status scale 2.7 ± 1.0, first diagnosis 13.8 ± 8.8 years) and 24 HC with similar age and sex (48.6 ± 7.9 years; 17 females/7 males) were included. Only cognitive performance fatigability (increased error rate) during dual-task walking was found after the fast 6MWT on the treadmill in pwMS. However, the changes in gait parameters did not indicate motor performance fatigability, although both the groups reported perceived fatigability (increased RPE) after the fast 6MWT. Moreover, no change in the PFC activation was detected in both groups. Our results suggest that the intensity and/or duration of the fast 6MWT was not sufficient to induce motor performance fatigability in pwMS. These factors should be addressed by future studies on this topic, which should also consider further parameters, e.g., muscular oxygenation and/or myoelectrical activity, to verify that exercise intensity and/or duration was appropriate to induce motor performance fatigability in pwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Charline Broscheid
- Department of Sport Science, Chair of Health and Physical Activity, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kim-Charline Broscheid
| | - Martin Behrens
- Department of Sport Science, Chair of Health and Physical Activity, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Lutz Schega
- Department of Sport Science, Chair of Health and Physical Activity, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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219
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Neltner TJ, Anders JPV, Smith RW, Arnett JE, Keller JL, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. Coactivation does not contribute to fatigue-induced decreases in torque during reciprocal, isokinetic muscle actions. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-210229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies of coactivation have typically utilized single movement isometric or isokinetic fatiguing muscle actions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to examine coactivation of the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) in response to a maximal, reciprocal, isokinetic fatiguing task of the forearm flexors and extensors at slow (60∘/s) and moderate (180∘/s) isokinetic velocities in men. METHODS: Ten men (mean ± SD: age = 21.6 ± 1.3 years) completed 50 consecutive, maximal, reciprocal, isokinetic muscle actions of the right forearm flexors and extensors at 60 and 180∘/s. The amplitude (AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) contents of the electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals from the BB and TB were recorded simultaneously throughout the fatiguing task. Repeated measures ANOVAs with Tukey post hocs were used to determine mean differences for the torque and neuromuscular parameters across repetitions. RESULTS: The torque analyses indicated greater fatigability at 180∘/s, compared to 60∘/s (p= 0.02). There were no significant changes in EMG AMP for either muscle during flexion or extension at 60∘/s (p> 0.05). At 180∘/s, there were significant increases in agonist EMG AMP (p= 0.01 to 0.004), however, no changes in antagonist EMG AMP (p> 0.05). For EMG MPF, there were significant decreases during flexion and extension (p< 0.001 to p= 0.02) at both velocities, collapsed across Muscle. There were no significant (p> 0.05) changes across repetition for MMG AMP or MPF. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated velocity-specific responses to fatigue, with a greater magnitude of fatigability at 180∘/s. Furthermore, despite increases in EMG AMP of the agonist muscles at 180∘/s only, it was not sufficient to alter the ratio of coactivation, likely due to common neural drive between muscles. Thus, the decreases in torque in the present study were not attributable to increases in coactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Neltner
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - John Paul V. Anders
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Robert W. Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jocelyn E. Arnett
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Joshua L. Keller
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Terry J. Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Richard J. Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Glen O. Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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220
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Ruggiero L, Harrison SWD, Rice CL, McNeil CJ. Neuromuscular fatigability at high altitude: Lowlanders with acute and chronic exposure, and native highlanders. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13788. [PMID: 35007386 PMCID: PMC9286620 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ascent to high altitude is accompanied by a reduction in partial pressure of inspired oxygen, which leads to interconnected adjustments within the neuromuscular system. This review describes the unique challenge that such an environment poses to neuromuscular fatigability (peripheral, central and supraspinal) for individuals who normally reside near to sea level (SL) (<1000 m; ie, lowlanders) and for native highlanders, who represent the manifestation of high altitude-related heritable adaptations across millennia. Firstly, the effect of acute exposure to high altitude-related hypoxia on neuromuscular fatigability will be examined. Under these conditions, both supraspinal and peripheral fatigability are increased compared with SL. The specific mechanisms contributing to impaired performance are dependent on the exercise paradigm and amount of muscle mass involved. Next, the effect of chronic exposure to high altitude (ie, acclimatization of ~7-28 days) will be considered. With acclimatization, supraspinal fatigability is restored to SL values, regardless of the amount of muscle mass involved, whereas peripheral fatigability remains greater than SL except when exercise involves a small amount of muscle mass (eg, knee extensors). Indeed, when whole-body exercise is involved, peripheral fatigability is not different to acute high-altitude exposure, due to competing positive (haematological and muscle metabolic) and negative (respiratory-mediated) effects of acclimatization on neuromuscular performance. In the final section, we consider evolutionary adaptations of native highlanders (primarily Himalayans of Tibet and Nepal) that may account for their superior performance at altitude and lesser degree of neuromuscular fatigability compared with acclimatized lowlanders, for both single-joint and whole-body exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ruggiero
- Laboratory of Physiomechanics of LocomotionDepartment of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Scott W. D. Harrison
- School of KinesiologyFaculty of Health SciencesThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Charles L. Rice
- School of KinesiologyFaculty of Health SciencesThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Chris J. McNeil
- Centre for Heart, Lung & Vascular HealthSchool of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
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221
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Dupuis F, Sole G, Mercier C, Roy JS. Impact of fatigue at the shoulder on the contralateral upper limb kinematics and performance. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266370. [PMID: 35363812 PMCID: PMC8975159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered movement patterns have been proposed as an etiological factor for the development of musculoskeletal pain. Fatigue influences upper limb kinematics and movement performance which could extend to the contralateral limb and potentially increasing risk of injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of fatigue at the dominant arm on the contralateral upper limb movement. Methods Forty participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Control or Fatigue Group. All participants completed a reaching task at the baseline and post-experimental phase, during which they reached four targets with their non-dominant arm in a virtual reality environment. Following the baseline phase, the Fatigue Group completed a shoulder fatigue protocol with their dominant arm only, while the Control Group took a 10-minute break. Thereafter, the reaching task was repeated. Upper limb and trunk kinematics (joint angles and excursions), spatiotemporal (speed and accuracy) and surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity (sEMG signal mean epoch amplitude and median frequency of the EMG power spectrum) were collected. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA were performed to determine the effects of Time, Group and of the interaction between these factors. Results There was a significant Time x Group interaction for sternoclavicular elevation range of motion (p = 0.040), movement speed (p = 0.043) and accuracy (p = 0.033). The Fatigue group showed higher contralateral sternoclavicular elevation and increased movement error while experiencing fatigue in the dominant arm. Moreover, the Control group increased their speed during the Post-experimental phase compared to baseline (p = 0.043), while the Fatigue group did not show any speed improvement. There was no EMG sign of fatigue in any of the muscles evaluated. Conclusion This study showed that fatigue at the dominant shoulder impacts movement at the contralateral upper limb. Such changes may be a risk factor for the development of shoulder pain in both the fatigued and non-fatigued limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Dupuis
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Gisela Sole
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Mercier
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec City, Canada
- * E-mail:
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222
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Yacyshyn AF, McNeil CJ. Intrinsic Neuromuscular Fatigability in Humans: The Critical Role of Stimulus Frequency. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2022; 50:97-103. [PMID: 35025843 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrically evoked contractions provide insight into intrinsic neuromuscular fatigability and also represent a valuable technique to maintain muscle mass in a clinical setting. To appropriately investigate intrinsic fatigability and design optimal stimulation protocols, it would seem to be crucial to stimulate the muscle at a frequency equivalent to the mean motor unit discharge rate expected at the target force level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra F Yacyshyn
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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223
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Lavallée-Bourget MH, Campeau-Lecours A, Tittley J, Bielmann M, Bouyer LJ, Roy JS. The use of a three-dimensional dynamic arm support prevents the development of muscle fatigue during repetitive manual tasks in healthy individuals. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266390. [PMID: 35363820 PMCID: PMC8975113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Work-related upper extremity disorders are costly to society due to resulting medical costs, presenteeism and absenteeism. Although their aetiology is likely multifactorial, physical workplace factors are known to play an important role in their development. Promising options for preventing work-related upper extremity disorders include assistive technologies such as dynamic arm supports designed to follow the movement of the arm while compensating for its weight. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a dynamic arm support on perceived exertion, muscle activity and movement patterns of the upper limb during repetitive manual tasks in healthy individuals. Thirty healthy right-handed individuals were allocated either a static or a dynamic task to perform with and without a dynamic arm support. During the task, surface electromyographic activity (anterior and middle deltoid, upper trapezius) and upper limb kinematics (elbow, shoulder, sternoclavicular) were measured using surface EMG and inertial sensors. Results showed that the dynamic arm support significantly reduced perceived exertion during the tasks and limited the development of muscular fatigue of the anterior and middle deltoid as demonstrated by EMG signal mean epoch amplitudes and median frequency of the EMG power spectrum. The dynamic arm support also prevented a decrease in shoulder elevation and an increase in total shoulder joint excursion during static and dynamic task, respectively. These results denote the potential benefits of dynamic arm supports in work environments. Further studies should focus on their efficacy, acceptability and implementability in work settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Lavallée-Bourget
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Alexandre Campeau-Lecours
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Jean Tittley
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bielmann
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Laurent J. Bouyer
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Québec City, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Jordan MJ, Morris N, Nimphius S, Aagaard P, Herzog W. Attenuated Lower Limb Stretch-Shorten-Cycle Capacity in ACL Injured vs. Non-Injured Female Alpine Ski Racers: Not Just a Matter of Between-Limb Asymmetry. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:853701. [PMID: 35434617 PMCID: PMC9008592 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.853701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of routine countermovement jump (CMJ) testing, a coupled eccentric-concentric (stretch-shorten-cycle: SSC) movement, was performed in female elite alpine skiers with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) and without ACLR. A total of 567 tests obtained from the daily training environment were analyzed in 41 elite female athletes (non-injured control: n = 30, ACLR: n = 17), including n = 6 athletes with pre-injury data, between 16 and 32 years of age from alpine ski racing (n = 32) and skier cross (n = 9). Bilateral CMJ testing was conducted on a dual force plate system, and the limb-specific vertical ground reaction force (Fz) was analyzed to obtain the net eccentric deceleration impulse (Ecc), lower limb stiffness (Stiff), maximal vertical jump height (JH), peak external mechanical power (PP) exerted on the body center of mass (BCM), modified-reactive-strength-index (RSImod), and the loss in BCM velocity during the final phase of the takeoff Δ(Vmax-Vtakeoff). Eccentric and concentric phase-specific between-limb asymmetry indexes (AIs) were also calculated. Additive mixed effects models (AMMs) were used to compare the age-dependent and post-injury time course change between groups. The mean values for non-injured controls >25 years of age were used as a comparative benchmark for recovery given the absence of pre-injury data. Net eccentric deceleration impulse increased and Δ(Vmax-Vtakeoff) decreased with age for the non-injured control group (p < 0.001) while between-limb AI (mean ± SD) fell between 1 ± 5% for the concentric phase and 3 ± 7% for the eccentric deceleration phase. Between-limb asymmetry became smaller in ACLR skiers with time-from-surgery to reach non-injured control values by 2 years, but SSC function, such as JH and PP, remained depressed up to 5 years post-surgery (p < 0.01), indicating impairments in SSC function. This highlights the importance of evaluating SSC performance capacity alongside vertical jump force-time asymmetries in female ACLR alpine skiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Jordan
- Canadian Sport Institute Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- School of Medical and Health Science, Centre for Human Performance, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | | | - Sophia Nimphius
- School of Medical and Health Science, Centre for Human Performance, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Per Aagaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Walter Herzog
- Faculty of Kinesiology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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225
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Clos P, Mater A, Legrand H, Poirier G, Ballay Y, Martin A, Lepers R. Corticospinal Excitability Is Lower During Eccentric Than Concentric Cycling in Men. Front Physiol 2022; 13:854824. [PMID: 35370788 PMCID: PMC8966379 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.854824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
How corticospinal excitability changes during eccentric locomotor exercise is unknown. In the present study, 13 volunteers performed 30-min strenuous concentric and eccentric cycling bouts at the same power output (60% concentric peak power output). Transcranial magnetic and electrical femoral nerve stimulations were applied at exercise onset (3rd min) and end (25th min). Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) amplitude was measured for the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles with surface electromyography (EMG) and expressed as a percentage of maximal M-wave amplitude (MMAX). EMG amplitude 100 ms prior to MEPs and the silent period duration were calculated. There was no change in any neural parameter during the exercises (all P > 0.24). VL and RF MMAX were unaffected by exercise modality (all P > 0.38). VL MEP amplitude was greater (26 ± 11.4 vs. 15.2 ± 7.7% MMAX; P = 0.008) during concentric than eccentric cycling whereas RF MEP amplitude was not different (24.4 ± 10.8 vs. 17.2 ± 9.8% MMAX; P = 0.051). While VL EMG was higher during concentric than eccentric cycling (P = 0.03), RF EMG showed no significant difference (P = 0.07). Similar silent period durations were found (RF: 120 ± 30 ms; VL: 114 ± 27 ms; all P > 0.61), but the silent period/MEP ratio was higher during eccentric than concentric cycling for both muscles (all P < 0.02). In conclusion, corticospinal excitability to the knee extensors is lower and relative silent period longer during eccentric than concentric cycling, yet both remained unaltered with time.
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226
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Validity of the Training-Load Concept. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022; 17:507-514. [PMID: 35247874 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Training load (TL) is a widely used concept in training prescription and monitoring and is also recognized as as an important tool for avoiding athlete injury, illness, and overtraining. With the widespread adoption of wearable devices, TL metrics are used increasingly by researchers and practitioners worldwide. Conceptually, TL was proposed as a means to quantify a dose of training and used to predict its resulting training effect. However, TL has never been validated as a measure of training dose, and there is a risk that fundamental problems related to its calculation are preventing advances in training prescription and monitoring. Specifically, we highlight recent studies from our research groups where we compare the acute performance decrement measured following a session with its TL metrics. These studies suggest that most TL metrics are not consistent with their notional training dose and that the exercise duration confounds their calculation. These studies also show that total work done is not an appropriate way to compare training interventions that differ in duration and intensity. We encourage scientists and practitioners to critically evaluate the validity of current TL metrics and suggest that new TL metrics need to be developed.
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227
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Kumar A, Munirji L, Nayif S, Almotairy N, Grigoriadis J, Grigoriadis A, Trulsson M. Motor Performance and Skill Acquisition in Oral Motor Training With Exergames: A Pilot Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:730072. [PMID: 35309890 PMCID: PMC8924593 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.730072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of oral-motor training with exergames on motor performance and motor skill acquisition in two different age groups. Methods Thirty-two healthy participants were recruited in the current pilot study and divided equally into two groups (Gen Z and Baby Boomers) according to their age. A pair of electromyographic (EMG) electrodes were placed on the participants’ masseter muscles. The EMG device communicated via Bluetooth with a mobile video game in response to the electromyographic activity of the masseter muscles during clenching. During the experimental session, participants were asked to play a video game in five blocks of 5 min each, with a 3-min break between each time block. The goal of the game was to collect as many coins (game points) as possible and to dodge/avoid upcoming obstacles (game life). Motor performance was assessed by performance scores and the number of game lives. Skill acquisition was measured by task efficiency (ratio of performance scores and number of game lives) across time blocks. Results The results of the study showed significantly lower performance scores (p < 0.001), a higher number of game lives (p < 0.001), and lower task efficiency in the Baby Boomer group compared to the Gen Z group. Specifically, the results showed that there was a significant difference in task efficiency between the first and second, third and fourth, fourth- and fifth-time blocks in the Gen Z group (p < 0.002). However, there was only a significant difference between first- and second-time blocks in the Baby Boomer group (p = 1.012), suggesting that skill acquisition in the Baby Boomer group did not change significantly over the course of the time blocks. Conclusion The study showed higher motor performance and superior motor skill acquisition with novel exergame training in the Gen Z group compared to the Baby Boomer group. The results of the study indicate that there is an improvement in oral motor skills with short-term training, yet the differences in oral motor skills between the two groups are still evident. The Baby Boomer group, unlike the Gen Z group, did not show robust improvement in task efficiency over the course of the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Abhishek Kumar,
| | - Linda Munirji
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sam Nayif
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nabeel Almotairy
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joannis Grigoriadis
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anastasios Grigoriadis
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mats Trulsson
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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228
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Di Domenico H, Beaume JB, Peyrard A, Samozino P, Bowen M, Hintzy F, Millet GP, Hayes M, Lapole T, Rupp T. Neuromuscular fatigability during repeated sprints assessed with an innovative cycle ergometer. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1189-1204. [PMID: 35212845 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04871-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Repeated sprint ability is an integral component of team sports. This study aimed to evaluate fatigability development and its aetiology during and immediately after a cycle repeated sprint exercise performed until a given fatigability threshold. METHODS On an innovative cycle ergometer, 16 healthy males completed an RSE (10-s sprint/28-s recovery) until task failure (TF): a 30% decrease in sprint mean power (Pmean). Isometric maximum voluntary contraction of the quadriceps (IMVC), central alterations [voluntary activation (VA)], and peripheral alterations [twitch (Pt)] were evaluated before (pre), immediately after each sprint (post), at TF and 3 min after. Sprints were expressed as a percentage of the total number of sprints to TF (TSTF). Individual data were extrapolated at 20, 40, 60, and 80% TSTF. RESULTS Participants completed 9.7 ± 4.2 sprints before reaching a 30% decrease in Pmean. Post-sprint IMVCs were decreased from pre to 60% TSTF and then plateaued (pre: 345 ± 56 N, 60% 247 ± 55 N, TF: 233 ± 57 N, p < 0.001). Pt decreased from 20% and plateaued after 40% TSTF (p < 0.001, pre-TF = - 45 ± 13%). VA was not significantly affected by repeated sprints until 60% TSTF (pre-TF = - 6.5 ± 8.2%, p = 0.036). Unlike peripheral parameters, VA recovered within 3 min (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION During an RSE, Pmean and IMVC decreases were first concomitant to peripheral alterations up to 40% TSTF and central alterations was only observed in the second part of the test, while peripheral alterations plateaued. The distinct recovery kinetics in central versus peripheral components of fatigability further confirm the necessity to reduce traditional delays in neuromuscular fatigue assessment post-exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Di Domenico
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - J B Beaume
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - A Peyrard
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - P Samozino
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - M Bowen
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - F Hintzy
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - G P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Hayes
- Environmental Extremes Laboratory, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - T Lapole
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, EA 7424, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Thomas Rupp
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, Univ Savoie Mont-Blanc, EA 7424, Chambéry, France.
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de Almeida Azevedo R, Jazayeri D, Yeung ST, Khoshreza R, Millet GY, Murias JM, Aboodarda SJ. The effects of pain induced by blood flow occlusion in one leg on exercise tolerance and corticospinal excitability and inhibition of the contralateral leg in males. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:632-648. [PMID: 35201916 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Experiencing pain in one leg can alter exercise tolerance and neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) responses in the contralateral leg; however, the corticospinal modulations to non-local experimental pain induced by blood flow occlusion remain unknown. In three randomized visits, thirteen male participants performed 25% of isometric maximal voluntary contraction (25%IMVC) to task failure with one leg preceded by (i) 6-min rest (CON), (ii) cycling at 80% of peak power output until task failure with the contralateral leg (CYCL) or (iii) CYCL followed by blood flow occlusion (OCCL) during 25%IMVC. NMF assessments (IMVC, voluntary activation [VA] and potentiated twitch [Qtw]) were performed at baseline and task failure. During the 25%IMVC, transcranial magnetic stimulations were performed to obtain motor evoked potential (MEP), silent period (SP), and short intracortical inhibition (SICI). 25%IMVC was shortest in OCCL (105±50s) and shorter in CYCL (154±68s) than CON (219±105s) (P<0.05). IMVC declined less after OCCL (-24±19%) and CYCL (-27±18%) then CON (-35±11%) (P<0.05). Qtw declined less in OCCL (-40±25%) compared to CYCL (-50±22%) and CON (-50±21%) (P<0.05). VA was similar amongst conditions. MEP and SP increased and SICI decreased throughout the task while SP was longer for OCCL compared to CYC condition (P<0.05). The results suggest that pain in one leg diminishes contralateral limb exercise tolerance and NMF development and modulate corticospinal inhibition in males. Novelty: Pain in one leg diminished MVC and twitch force decline in the contralateral limb Experimental pain induced by blood flow occlusion may modulation corticospinal inhibition of the neural circuitries innervating the contralateral exercise limb.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan M Murias
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, KNB 434, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N1N4;
| | - Saied Jalal Aboodarda
- University of Calgary , Faculty of Kinesiology, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Canada, T2N 1N4;
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Volleyball Competition on Consecutive Days Modifies Jump Kinetics but Not Height. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022; 17:711-719. [PMID: 35193111 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In volleyball, jump execution is critical for the match outcome. Game-play-related neuromuscular impairments may manifest as decreased jump height (JH) or increased jump total duration, both of which are pivotal for performance. To investigate changes in JH and kinetics with game play, the authors conducted a prospective exploratory analysis using minimal-effect testing (MET) and equivalence testing with the 2 one-sided tests procedure, univariate, and bivariate functional principal component analysis, respectively. METHODS Twelve male varsity athletes completed 3-set matches on 2 consecutive days. Countermovement jumps were performed on a force platform immediately prematch and postmatch on days 1 and 2 and once on days 3 and 4. RESULTS Across sessions, JH was equivalent (P < .022, equivalence test), while total duration reported inconclusive changes (P > .227). After match 2, MET indicated that relative force at zero velocity (P = .036) decreased, while braking duration (P = .040) and time to peak force (P = .048) increased compared with baseline. With the first and second functional principal components, these alterations, together with decreased relative braking rate of force development (P = .092), were already evident after match 1. On day 4, MET indicated that relative peak force (P = .049), relative force at zero velocity (P = .023), and relative braking rate of force development (P = .021) decreased, whereas braking duration (P = .025) increased from baseline. CONCLUSIONS Impairments in jump kinetics were evident from variables related to the countermovement-jump braking phase, while JH was equivalent. In addition to these experimental findings, the present research provides information for the choice of sample size and smallest effect size of interest when using MET and 1- and 2-dimensional analyses for countermovement-jump height and kinetics.
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231
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Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Increases High but Not Low Intensity Repetitions to Failure in Resistance-Trained Males. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040875. [PMID: 35215525 PMCID: PMC8875644 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) has been shown to enhance exercise performance. However, the influence of CMR on repetitions to failure with different intensities (40% or 80% of 1 RM) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6% CMR solution on muscular endurance assessed at 40% and 80% of 1 RM in resistance-trained males. Sixteen resistance-trained males (age: 25 ± 3 years, height: 182 ± 6 cm, body mass: 86 ± 3 kg, body fat: 16 ± 3%, bench press 1 RM: 106 ± 16 kg, resistance training experience: 5 ± 1 years) completed four conditions in random order. The four conditions consisted of ten seconds of mouth rinsing with 25 mL solutions containing either maltodextrin or placebo (sweetened water) prior to performing a bench press muscular endurance test at either 40% of 1 RM or 80% of 1 RM. Total repetitions, heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), glucose (GLU) and felt arousal (FA) were recorded for each condition. There was a significant condition by intensity interaction (p = 0.02). CMR significantly increased total repetitions compared with placebo at the higher intensity (80% of 1 RM; p = 0.04), while there was no effect at the lower intensity (p = 0.20). In addition, HR, RPE, GLU and FA did not differ between conditions or across intensities (p > 0.05). In conclusion, CMR-enhanced muscular endurance performed at higher but not lower intensities.
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232
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Immediate voluntary activation deficits following submaximal eccentric contractions of knee extensors are associated with alterations of the sense of movement. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2338. [PMID: 35149737 PMCID: PMC8837602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying movement sense alterations following repeated eccentric contractions remain unclear. This study concomitantly investigated the effects of unilateral eccentric contractions on movement sense and on neuromuscular function at the knee before, immediately after (POST), 24 (POST24) and 48 (POST48) h after the exercise. Twelve participants performed sets of submaximal knee extensors (KE) eccentric contractions until a 20% decrease in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque was reached. Threshold to detect passive movement (TTDPM) tasks were used to assess movement sense during both knee flexion (TTDPMFLEX) and extension (TTDPMEXT). KE fatigability was assessed using the interpolated twitch technique. TTDPM values expressed in seconds and the percentage of unsuccessful trials only increased at POST during TTDPMFLEX and TTDPMEXT. The 20%-MVIC decrease was associated with significant decreases in voluntary activation level (- 12.7%, p < 0.01) and potentiated doublet torque at 100 Hz (- 18.1%, p < 0.001). At POST24, despite persistent reductions of maximal voluntary and electrically evoked torques associated with increased perceived muscle soreness, TTDPM values and the percentage of unsuccessful trials returned to baseline values. Consequently, movement sense alterations were only observed in the presence of voluntary activation deficits, suggesting that some exercise-induced central alterations may affect the somatosensory function.
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233
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Prigent G, Apte S, Paraschiv-Ionescu A, Besson C, Gremeaux V, Aminian K. Concurrent Evolution of Biomechanical and Physiological Parameters With Running-Induced Acute Fatigue. Front Physiol 2022; 13:814172. [PMID: 35222081 PMCID: PMC8874325 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.814172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the influence of running-induced acute fatigue on the homeostasis of the body is essential to mitigate the adverse effects and optimize positive adaptations to training. Fatigue is a multifactorial phenomenon, which influences biomechanical, physiological, and psychological facets. This work aimed to assess the evolution of these three facets with acute fatigue during a half-marathon. 13 recreational runners were equipped with one inertial measurement unit (IMU) on each foot, one combined global navigation satellite system-IMU-electrocardiogram sensor on the chest, and an Android smartphone equipped with an audio recording application. Spatio-temporal parameters for the running gait, along with the heart rate, its variability and complexity were computed using validated algorithms. Perceived fatigability was assessed using the rating-of-fatigue (ROF) scale at every 10 min of the race. The data was split into eight equal segments, corresponding to at least one ROF value per segment, and only level running parts were retained for analysis. During the race, contact time, duty factor, and trunk anteroposterior acceleration increased, and the foot strike angle and vertical stiffness decreased significantly. Heart rate showed a progressive increase, while the metrics for heart rate variability and complexity decreased during the race. The biomechanical parameters showed a significant alteration even with a small change in perceived fatigue, whereas the heart rate dynamics altered at higher changes. When divided into two groups, the slower runners presented a higher change in heart rate dynamics throughout the race than the faster runners; they both showed similar trends for the gait parameters. When tested for linear and non-linear correlations, heart rate had the highest association with biomechanical parameters, while the trunk anteroposterior acceleration had the lowest association with heart rate dynamics. These results indicate the ability of faster runners to better judge their physiological limits and hint toward a higher sensitivity of perceived fatigue to neuromuscular changes in the running gait. This study highlights measurable influences of acute fatigue, which can be studied only through concurrent measurement of biomechanical, physiological, and psychological facets of running in real-world conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gäelle Prigent
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salil Apte
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anisoara Paraschiv-Ionescu
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Besson
- Sport Medicine Unit, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gremeaux
- Sport Medicine Unit, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kamiar Aminian
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Volianitis S, Rasmussen P, Petersen NC, Secher NH. The Effect of Hyperoxia on Central and Peripheral Factors of Arm Flexor Muscles Fatigue Following Maximal Ergometer Rowing in Men. Front Physiol 2022; 13:829097. [PMID: 35185623 PMCID: PMC8850913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.829097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluates the effect of hyperoxia on cerebral oxygenation and neuromuscular fatigue mechanisms of the elbow flexor muscles following ergometer rowing. Methods In 11 competitive male rowers (age, 30 ± 4 years), we measured near-infrared spectroscopy determined frontal lobe oxygenation (ScO2) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound determined middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity (MCA Vmean) combined with maximal voluntary force (MVC), peak resting twitch force (Ptw) and cortical voluntary activation (VATMS) of the elbow flexor muscles using electrical motor point and magnetic motor cortex stimulation, respectively, before, during, and immediately after 2,000 m all-out effort on rowing ergometer with normoxia and hyperoxia (30% O2). Results Arterial hemoglobin O2 saturation was reduced to 92.5 ± 0.2% during exercise with normoxia but maintained at 98.9 ± 0.2% with hyperoxia. The MCA Vmean increased by 38% (p < 0.05) with hyperoxia, while only marginally increased with normoxia. Similarly, ScO2 was not affected with hyperoxia but decreased by 7.0 ± 4.8% from rest (p = 0.04) with normoxia. The MVC and Ptw were reduced (7 ± 3% and 31 ± 9%, respectively, p = 0.014), while VATMS was not affected by the rowing effort in normoxia. With hyperoxia, the deficit in MVC and Ptw was attenuated, while VATMS was unchanged. Conclusion These data indicate that even though hyperoxia restores frontal lobe oxygenation the resultant attenuation of arm muscle fatigue following maximal rowing is peripherally rather than centrally mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Volianitis
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Rasmussen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas C Petersen
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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The aerobic capacity – fatigue relationship in persons with Multiple Sclerosis is not reproducible in a pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 58:103476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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236
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de Almeida Azevedo R, Cruz R, Couto P, Silva-Cavalcante M, Boari D, Okuno N, Lima-Silva A, Bertuzzi R. Effects of prior high-intensity endurance exercise in subsequent 4-km cycling time trial performance and fatigue development. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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237
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Varesco G, Luneau E, Féasson L, Lapole T, Rozand V. Very old adults show impaired fatigue resistance compared to old adults independently of sex during a knee-extensors isometric test. Exp Gerontol 2022; 161:111732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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238
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Decisions and reasonings of top-class handball referees under physical load. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-021-00794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCorrect decision-making under physical load is a central challenge for referees in sports games. Handball referees are assumed to make both a decision (calling a foul or no foul) and to call its reasonings (type of foul, punishments). However, the impact of physical load on these two aspects has not been differentiated so far. Here, in two studies, we aimed to investigate the hypothesised impact of physical load on both referees’ decisions and reasonings. To this end, N = 66 (study 1) and N = 73 (study 2) top-class handball referees performed the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test combined with a video-based decision-making test. Referees’ decisions improved from initial to medium physical load and they deteriorated under maximal physical load in study 1, whereas in study 2 the quality of the decisions was constant across physical load conditions. The percent of correct reasonings decreased from initial to medium physical load in study 1, whereas the opposite pattern was found in study 2. In both studies, reasoning performance did not change from medium to maximal physical load. Moreover, referees demonstrated better endurance performance in study 2 than in study 1. Despite some methodological limitations (e.g. familiarisation with the experimental setup in referees who participated in both studies), the present findings tentatively indicate that a well-trained endurance capacity may support referees’ decision-making, i.e. to make correct decisions and reasonings. Specifically, enhanced endurance capacity may lead to lower subjectively perceived fatigue, resulting in larger cognitive capacities that may facilitate referees’ decision-making.
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239
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Marillier M, Gruet M, Bernard AC, Verges S, Neder JA. The Exercising Brain: An Overlooked Factor Limiting the Tolerance to Physical Exertion in Major Cardiorespiratory Diseases? Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:789053. [PMID: 35126072 PMCID: PMC8813863 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.789053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
“Exercise starts and ends in the brain”: this was the title of a review article authored by Dr. Bengt Kayser back in 2003. In this piece of work, the author highlights that pioneer studies have primarily focused on the cardiorespiratory-muscle axis to set the human limits to whole-body exercise tolerance. In some circumstances, however, exercise cessation may not be solely attributable to these players: the central nervous system is thought to hold a relevant role as the ultimate site of exercise termination. In fact, there has been a growing interest relative to the “brain” response to exercise in chronic cardiorespiratory diseases, and its potential implication in limiting the tolerance to physical exertion in patients. To reach these overarching goals, non-invasive techniques, such as near-infrared spectroscopy and transcranial magnetic stimulation, have been successfully applied to get insights into the underlying mechanisms of exercise limitation in clinical populations. This review provides an up-to-date outline of the rationale for the “brain” as the organ limiting the tolerance to physical exertion in patients with cardiorespiratory diseases. We first outline some key methodological aspects of neuromuscular function and cerebral hemodynamics assessment in response to different exercise paradigms. We then review the most prominent studies, which explored the influence of major cardiorespiratory diseases on these outcomes. After a balanced summary of existing evidence, we finalize by detailing the rationale for investigating the “brain” contribution to exercise limitation in hitherto unexplored cardiorespiratory diseases, an endeavor that might lead to innovative lines of applied physiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Marillier
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Queen's University and Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathieu Gruet
- IAPS Laboratory, University of Toulon, Toulon, France
| | - Anne-Catherine Bernard
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Queen's University and Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Samuel Verges
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - J Alberto Neder
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Queen's University and Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
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240
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Greenhouse-Tucknott A, Butterworth JB, Wrightson JG, Harrison NA, Dekerle J. Effect of the subjective intensity of fatigue and interoception on perceptual regulation and performance during sustained physical activity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262303. [PMID: 34986186 PMCID: PMC8730470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of the specific role perceived fatigue plays in the central regulation of performance remains unclear. Here, we examined whether the subjective intensity of a perceived state of fatigue, pre-induced through prior upper body activity, differentially impacted performance and altered perceived effort and affect experienced during a sustained, isometric contraction in lower body. We also explored whether (cardiac) interoception predicted the intensity of experienced perceptual and affective responses and moderated the relationships between constructs during physical activity. Methods Using a repeated-measures study design, thirty male participants completed three experimental conditions, with the intensity of a pre-induced state of fatigue manipulated to evoke moderate (MOD), severe (SEV) and minimal (control; CON) intensity of perceptions prior to performance of the sustained contraction. Results Performance of the sustained contraction was significantly impaired under a perceived state of fatigue, with reductions of 10% and 14% observed in the MOD and SEV conditions, respectively. Performance impairment was accompanied by greater perceived effort and more negative affective valence reported during the contraction. However, effects were limited to comparisons to CON, with no difference evident between the two experimental trials (i.e. MOD vs. SEV). Individuals’ awareness of their accuracy in judging resting heartbeats was shown to predict the subjective intensity of fatigue experienced during the endurance task. However, interoception did not moderate the relationships evident between fatigue and both perceived effort and affective valence. Conclusions A perceived state of fatigue limits endurance performance, influencing both how effortful activity is perceived to be and the affective experience of activity. Though awareness of interoceptive representations of bodily states may be important to the subjective experience of fatigue, interoception does not modulate the relationships between perceived fatigue and other perceptual (i.e. effort) and affective constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Greenhouse-Tucknott
- Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Jake B. Butterworth
- Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - James G. Wrightson
- Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Neil A. Harrison
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanne Dekerle
- Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
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241
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Keller JL, Kennedy KG, Hill EC, Fleming SR, Colquhoun RJ, Schwarz NA. Handgrip exercise induces sex-specific mean arterial pressure and oxygenation responses but similar performance fatigability. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2022; 42:127-138. [PMID: 34979052 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Women exhibit an attenuated exercise pressor reflex (EPR) when compared to men. The influence of sex-specific mechanisms related to the EPR and performance fatigability remain to be fully elucidated. The purpose was to determine the impact of oxygenation and metabolic efficiency on sex-specific performance fatigability and increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) resulting from a fatiguing isometric handgrip (IHG). Twenty-four adults volunteered to perform an IHG at 25% at maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs). Pre- and posttest MVICs were conducted to quantify performance fatigability. MAP was collected at 3 timepoints. A near-infrared spectroscopy device was attached to the forearm to derive the following signals: oxy[haem], deoxy[haem], total[haem], and diff[haem]. These values were normalized and examined across time in 5% segments of time-to-task-failure. Metabolic efficiency was defined as the ratio force:deoxy[haem]. During the IHG, there was a decline in oxy[haem] for the men (b = -0.075), whereas the women demonstrated an increase (b = 0.117). For the men, the diff[haem] tracked the mean oxy[haem] response, but there was no change for the women. The men exhibited greater declines in metabolic efficiency, yet there were no sex differences in PF (46.6 ± 9.7% vs. 45.5 ± 14.2%). For relative MAP, the men (24.5 ± 15.1%) exhibited a greater (p = .03) increase than the women (11.0 ± 17.6%). These results indicated the EPR was more prominent for the men, perhaps due to differences in mechanical stimuli and a lack of ability to maintain metabolic efficiency. However, these physiological differences did not induce a sex difference in performance fatigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Keller
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Katie G Kennedy
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Ethan C Hill
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA.,Florida Space Institute, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Sydnie R Fleming
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Ryan J Colquhoun
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Neil A Schwarz
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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242
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Shi Y, Hu X, Cui J, Li J, Bi Z, Li J, Fu H, Wang Y, Cui L, Xu J. Correlation Analysis of Data of Tongue and Pulse in Patients With Disease Fatigue and Sub-health Fatigue. INQUIRY: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION, AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580211060781. [PMID: 35112891 PMCID: PMC8819780 DOI: 10.1177/00469580211060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most common subjective symptoms of abnormal health state,
there is still no reliable and stable evaluation method to distinguish disease
fatigue and non-disease fatigue. Studies have shown that tongue diagnosis and
pulse diagnosis are the reflection of overall state of the body. This study aims
to explore the distribution rules and correlation of data of tongue and pulse in
population with disease fatigue and sub-health fatigue and provide a new method
of clinical diagnosis of fatigue from the perspective of tongue diagnosis and
pulse diagnosis. In this study, a total of 736 people were selected and divided
into healthy controls (n = 250), sub-health fatigue group (n = 242), and disease
fatigue group (n = 244). TFDA-1 tongue diagnosis instrument and PDA-1 pulse
diagnosis instrument were used to collect tongue image and sphygmogram, simple
correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to analyze the
correlation of tongue and pulse data about the two groups of fatigue people. The
study had shown that tongue and pulse data could provide a certain reference for
the diagnosis of different types of fatigue, tongue and pulse data in disease
fatigue and sub-health fatigue population had different distribution rules, and
there was a simple correlation and canonical correlation in the disease fatigue
population, the coefficient of canonical correlation was .649 (P <.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Shi
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Health Service in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Cui
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijuan Bi
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacai Li
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Fu
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Longtao Cui
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiatuo Xu
- Department of Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Smith RW, Housh TJ, Anders JPV, Neltner TJ, Arnett JE, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. Time course of changes in torque and neuromuscular parameters during a sustained isometric forearm flexion task to fatigue anchored to a constant rating of perceived exertion. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2022; 22:455-464. [PMID: 36458383 PMCID: PMC9716304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the time course of changes in torque and electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) responses during a sustained isometric task anchored to a constant perception of exertion (RPE). METHODS Twelve college-aged men performed an isometric forearm flexion task to failure anchored to RPE=7 (OMNI-RES scale). The amplitude (AMP) and frequency (MPF) of the EMG and MMG signals from the biceps brachii were recorded. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine differences for the normalized (%MVIC) torque and neuromuscular parameters. RESULTS The time to task failure (TTF) was 678.0±468.1s. Torque decreased significantly (p<0.001, ηp2=0.774) across time and all subjects reduced torque to zero. Post-hoc comparisons indicated that the torque values from 20-100% TTF were less than the value at 10% TTF. There were no significant (p>0.05) changes from 10-100% TTF for the EMG and MMG parameters. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that RPE was maintained by various mechanisms throughout the task: group III/IV afferent neurons, adequate blood flow, and a combination of reduced contractile efficiency, collective afferent feedback (group III/IV afferents) from muscles involved with forearm flexion, and motivation that resulted in an initial decrease, plateau, and final decline in torque to zero, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA,Corresponding author: Robert W. Smith, 540 N 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68508-0626, USA E-mail:
| | - Terry J. Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - John Paul V. Anders
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Tyler J. Neltner
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Jocelyn E. Arnett
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Richard J. Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Glen O. Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
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Keller JL, Anders JPV, Neltner TJ, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. Sex differences in muscle excitation and oxygenation, but not in force fluctuations or active hyperemia resulting from a fatiguing, bilateral isometric task. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34847546 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac3e86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It remains to be fully elucidated if there are sex-specific physiological adjustments within the human neuromuscular and vascular systems that contribute to symptoms of fatigue during a sustained bilateral task. This, in part, is likely due to various limitations in experimental design such as an inability to independently record force fluctuations from each limb.Objective. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to examine the fatigue-induced changes in muscle excitation, force fluctuations, skeletal muscle tissue saturation (StO2), and muscle blood flow resulting from a sustained, bilateral task.Approach. Thirty healthy, college-aged adults (15 males, 15 females) performed a bilateral leg task at 25% of maximum voluntary isometric (MVIC). Before and after the task, MVICs were completed. Resting and post-task femoral artery blood flow (FABF) were determined. Muscle excitation was quantified as electromyographic amplitude (EMG AMP) from the right and left vastus lateralis. During the task, force fluctuations were determined independently from each leg. The StO2signal was collected with a near-infrared spectroscopy device attached to the right vastus lateralis. The rate of change in these variables was calculated via simple linear regression. The exercise-induced magnitude of change in MVIC (i.e. performance fatigability) and FABF (i.e. active hyperemia) was determined.Main Results. There was no sex difference in the percent decline in MVIC (20.5 ± 20.1% versus 16.4 ± 3.5%;p> 0.05). There were no inter-leg differences in EMG AMP or force fluctuations. The males exhibited a faster rate of increase in EMG AMP (b= 0.13 versusb= 0.08;p< 0.001), whereas the females exhibited a slower rate of decline in StO2(b= -0.049 versusb= -0.080). There was no sex difference in force fluctuations or change in FABF.Significance. Males and females likely have different neuromuscular strategies and muscle characteristics, but these did not elicit a sex difference in performance fatigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Keller
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36606, United States of America
| | - John Paul V Anders
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Tyler J Neltner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Terry J Housh
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Richard J Schmidt
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Glen O Johnson
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
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245
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Costello SE, O'Neill BV, Howatson G, van Someren K, Haskell-Ramsay CF. Detrimental effects on executive function and mood following consecutive days of repeated high-intensity sprint interval exercise in trained male sports players. J Sports Sci 2021; 40:783-796. [PMID: 34955079 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.2015946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Intensified periods of competition are common in many team sports, potentially leading to increased fatigue and reduced performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of repeated high-intensity sprint interval exercise on cognitive function, mood and perceptions of energy and fatigue. Twenty-four trained rugby players completed multiple bouts of repeated sprints across two consecutive days. Prior to and following each set of maximal effort sprints or equivalent control duration, a battery of cognitive tasks assessing simple and choice reaction time, visuo-spatial working memory and inhibition were completed as well as visual analogue scales that assessed mood, energy, and fatigue. Accuracy of incongruent Stroop responses was significantly lower across day 2 compared to day 1 and the control condition. Four-choice reaction time was slower across day 2 whilst feelings of alertness, contentedness, and physical and mental energy were reduced while ratings of physical and mental fatigue increased. These findings suggest that intensified periods of high-intensity sprint interval exercise have detrimental effects on executive function, mood and perceptions of physical and mental energy, and fatigue. These deleterious effects have the potential to impact performance and may increase the propensity for injury/accidents in certain sporting and non-sporting contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Costello
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,GSK Human Performance Laboratory, Brentford, UK
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Water Research Group, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Wu R, De Vito G, Lowery MM, O'Callaghan B, Ditroilo M. Age-related fatigability in knee extensors and knee flexors during dynamic fatiguing contractions. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 62:102626. [PMID: 34998161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dynamic knee extension and flexion fatiguing task on torque and neuromuscular responses in young and older individuals. Eighteen young (8 males; 25.1 ± 3.2 years) and 17 older (8 males; 69.7 ± 3.7 years) volunteered. Following a maximal voluntary isometric contraction test, participants performed a fatiguing task involving 22 maximal isokinetic (concentric) knee extension and flexion contractions at 60°/s, while surface EMG was recorded simultaneously from the knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF). Fatigue-induced relative torque reductions were similar between age groups for KE (peak torque decrease: 25.15% vs 26.81%); however, KF torque was less affected in older individuals (young vs older peak torque decrease: 27.6% vs 11.5%; p < 0.001) and this was associated with greater increase in hamstring EMG amplitude (p < 0.001) and hamstrings/quadriceps peak torque ratio (p < 0.01). Furthermore, KE was more fatigable than KF only among older individuals (peak torque decrease: 26.8% vs 11.5%; p < 0.001). These findings showed that the age-related fatigue induced by a dynamic task was greater for the KE, with greater age-related decline in KE compared to KF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Biomedical Sciences Department, Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Madeleine M Lowery
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ben O'Callaghan
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Massimiliano Ditroilo
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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247
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Forman GN, Sonne MW, Kociolek AM, Gabriel DA, Holmes MWR. Influence of muscle fatigue on motor task performance of the hand and wrist: A systematic review. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 81:102912. [PMID: 34929434 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is represented as a reduction in force production capability; however, fatigue does not necessarily result in performance impairments. As the distal upper limb serves as the end effector when interacting or manipulating objects, it is important to understand how muscle fatigue may impact motor functionality. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to identify how various aspects of motor performance of the distal upper limb are impaired following muscle fatigue. Four databases were searched using 23 search terms describing the distal upper limb, muscle fatigue, and various performance metrics. A total of 4561 articles were screened with a total of 28 articles extracted and critically appraised. Evidence extracted indicates that muscle fatigue results in unique impairments based on the type of motor performance being evaluated. Furthermore, much data suggests that muscle fatigue does not result in consistent, predictable performance impairments, particularly while performing submaximal tasks. Additionally, magnitude of fatigue does not directly correlate with reductions in performance outcomes at the hand and wrist. Fatiguing protocols used highlighted the importance of fatigue specificity. When fatiguing and performance tasks are similar, performance impairment is likely to be observed. The numerous muscles found in the hand and wrist, often considered redundant, play a critical role in maintaining task performance in the presence of muscle fatigue. The presence of motor abundance (e.g. multiple muscles with similar function) is shown to reduce the impairment in multiple performance metrics by compensating for reduced function of fatigued muscles. Continued exploration into various fatiguing protocols (i.e. maximal or submaximal) will provide greater insights into performance impairments in the distal upper limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrick N Forman
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | | | - Aaron M Kociolek
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| | - David A Gabriel
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Michael W R Holmes
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
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248
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Rabuffetti M, Steinach M, Lichti J, Gunga HC, Balcerek B, Becker PN, Fähling M, Merati G, Maggioni MA. The Association of Fatigue With Decreasing Regularity of Locomotion During an Incremental Test in Trained and Untrained Healthy Adults. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:724791. [PMID: 34900952 PMCID: PMC8652249 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.724791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a key factor that affects human motion and modulates physiology, biochemistry, and performance. Prolonged cyclic human movements (locomotion primarily) are characterized by a regular pattern, and this extended activity can induce fatigue. However, the relationship between fatigue and regularity has not yet been extensively studied. Wearable sensor methodologies can be used to monitor regularity during standardized treadmill tests (e.g., the widely used Bruce test) and to verify the effects of fatigue on locomotion regularity. Our study on 50 healthy adults [27 males and 23 females; <40 years; five dropouts; and 22 trained (T) and 23 untrained (U) subjects] showed how locomotion regularity follows a parabolic profile during the incremental test, without exception. At the beginning of the trial, increased walking speed in the absence of fatigue is associated with increased regularity (regularity index, RI, a. u., null/unity value for aperiodic/periodic patterns) up until a peak value (RI = 0.909 after 13.8 min for T and RI = 0.915 after 13.4 min for U subjects; median values, n. s.) and which is then generally followed (after 2.8 and 2.5 min, respectively, for T/U, n. s.) by the walk-to-run transition (at 12.1 min for both T and U, n. s.). Regularity then decreases with increased speed/slope/fatigue. The effect of being trained was associated with significantly higher initial regularity [0.845 (T) vs 0.810 (U), p < 0.05 corrected], longer test endurance [23.0 min (T) vs 18.6 min (U)], and prolonged decay of locomotor regularity [8.6 min (T) vs 6.5 min (U)]. In conclusion, the monitoring of locomotion regularity can be applied to the Bruce test, resulting in a consistent time profile. There is evidence of a progressive decrease in regularity following the walk-to-run transition, and these features unveil significant differences among healthy trained and untrained adult subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Steinach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Lichti
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Balcerek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Nils Becker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fähling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giampiero Merati
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Martina Anna Maggioni
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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249
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Markov A, Chaabene H, Hauser L, Behm S, Bloch W, Puta C, Granacher U. Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Muscle Strength and Power in Trained Male Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2021; 52:1385-1398. [PMID: 34878640 PMCID: PMC9124655 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent training can be an effective and time-efficient method to improve both muscle strength and aerobic capacity. A major challenge with concurrent training is how to adequately combine and sequence strength exercise and aerobic exercise to avoid interference effects. This is particularly relevant for athletes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on subsequent measures of muscle strength and power in trained male individuals. DESIGN We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Systematic literature searches in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were conducted up to July 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies were included that applied a within-group repeated-measures design and examined the acute effects of aerobic exercise (i.e., running, cycling exercise) on subsequent measures of lower limb muscle strength (e.g., maximal isometric force of the knee extensors) and/or proxies of lower limb muscle power (e.g., countermovement jump height) in trained individuals. RESULTS Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Aerobic exercise resulted in moderate declines in muscle strength (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.79; p = 0.003). Low-intensity aerobic exercise did not moderate effects on muscle strength (SMD = 0.65; p = 0.157) while moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise resulted in moderate declines in muscle strength (SMD = 0.65; p = 0.020). However, the difference between subgroups was not statistically significant (p = 0.979). Regarding aerobic exercise duration, large declines in muscle strength were found after > 30 min (SMD = 1.02; p = 0.049) while ≤ 30 min of aerobic exercise induced moderate declines in muscle strength (SMD = 0.59; p = 0.013). The subgroup difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.204). Cycling exercise resulted in significantly larger decrements in muscle strength (SMD = 0.79; p = 0.002) compared with running (SMD = 0.28; p = 0.035). The difference between subgroups was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). For muscle power, aerobic exercise did not result in any statistically significant changes (SMD = 0.04; p = 0.846). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise induced moderate declines in measures of muscle strength with no statistically significant effects on proxies of muscle power in trained male individuals. It appears that higher compared with lower intensity as well as longer compared with shorter aerobic exercise duration exacerbate acute declines in muscle strength. Our results provide evidence for acute interference effects when aerobic exercies is performed before strength exercises. These findings may help practitioners to better prescribe single training sessions, particularly if environmental and/or infrastructural reasons (e.g., availability of training facilities) do not allow the application of strength training before aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Markov
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Bldg. 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Hauser
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Bldg. 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian Behm
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Bldg. 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Puta
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Bldg. 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.
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250
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Patrucco F, Zeppegno P, Baricich A, Gramaglia CM, Balbo PE, Falaschi Z, Carriero A, Cuneo D, Pirisi M, Bellan M. Long-lasting consequences of Coronavirus disease 19 pneumonia: a systematic review. Minerva Med 2021; 113:158-171. [PMID: 34856780 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus Disease 19 (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We have plenty of data about the clinical features of the disease's acute phase, while little is known about the long-term consequences on survivors. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We aimed to review systematically emerging evidence about clinical and functional consequences of Covid-19 pneumonia months after hospital discharge. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Current evidence supports the idea that a high proportion of Covid-19 survivors complain of symptoms months after the acute illness phase, being fatigue and reduced tolerance to physical effort the most frequently reported symptom. The strongest association for these symptoms is with the female gender, while disease severity seems less relevant. Respiratory symptoms are associated with a decline in respiratory function and, conversely, seem to be more frequent in those who experienced a more severe acute pneumonia. Current evidence highlighted a persistent motor impairment which is, again, more prevalent among those survivors who experienced a more severe acute phase of the disease. Additionally, the persistence of symptoms is a primary determinant of mental health outcome, with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and post-traumatic stress symptoms being commonly reported in Covid-19 survivors. CONCLUSIONS Current literature highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to Coronavirus Disease 19 since the sequelae appear to involve different organs and systems. Given the pandemic outbreak's size, this is a critical public health issue: a better insight on this topic should inform clinical decisions about the modalities of follow-up for Covid-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Patrucco
- Pneumology Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Psychiatry Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessio Baricich
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy - .,Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Carla M Gramaglia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Psychiatry Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Piero E Balbo
- Pneumology Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Zeno Falaschi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Radiology Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carriero
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Radiology Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Daria Cuneo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Pirisi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Internal Medicine Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Internal Medicine Department, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
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