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Steinmetz JD, Culbreth GT, Haile LM, Rafferty Q, Lo J, Fukutaki KG, Cruz JA, Smith AE, Vollset SE, Brooks PM, Cross M, Woolf AD, Hagins H, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abedi A, Ackerman IN, Amu H, Antony B, Arabloo J, Aravkin AY, Argaw AM, Artamonov AA, Ashraf T, Barrow A, Bearne LM, Bensenor IM, Berhie AY, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhojaraja VS, Bijani A, Briant PS, Briggs AM, Butt NS, Charan J, Chattu VK, Cicuttini FM, Coberly K, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, de Luca K, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Dreinhoefer KE, Elhadi M, Farooque U, Farpour HR, Filip I, Fischer F, Freitas M, Ganesan B, Gemeda BNB, Getachew T, Ghamari SH, Ghashghaee A, Gill TK, Golechha M, Golinelli D, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Halwani R, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hartvigsen J, Hay SI, Hebert JJ, Heidari G, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh M, Hsiao AK, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Jacob L, Jayawardena R, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Kandel H, Karaye IM, Khan MJ, Kim YJ, Kolahi AA, Korzh O, Koteeswaran R, Krishnamoorthy V, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Lee SW, Lim SS, Lobo SW, Lucchetti G, Malekpour MR, Malik AA, Mandarano-Filho LGG, Martini S, Mentis AFA, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mokdad AH, Momtazmanesh S, Morrison SD, Murray CJL, Nassereldine H, Netsere HB, Neupane Kandel S, Owolabi MO, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Pawar S, Pedersini P, Pereira J, Radfar A, Rashidi MM, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawassizadeh R, Rayegani SM, Ribeiro D, Roever L, Saddik B, Sahebkar A, Salehi S, Sanchez Riera L, Sanmarchi F, Santric-Milicevic MM, Shahabi S, Shaikh MA, Shaker E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sharma S, Shetty JK, Shiri R, Shobeiri P, Silva DAS, Singh A, Singh JA, Singh S, Skou ST, Slater H, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Starodubova AV, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Vo B, Vu LG, Wang YP, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yonemoto N, Yunusa I, March LM, Ong KL, Vos T, Kopec JA. Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2023; 5:e508-e522. [PMID: 37675071 PMCID: PMC10477960 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in adults, characterised by chronic pain and loss of mobility. Osteoarthritis most frequently occurs after age 40 years and prevalence increases steeply with age. WHO has designated 2021-30 the decade of healthy ageing, which highlights the need to address diseases such as osteoarthritis, which strongly affect functional ability and quality of life. Osteoarthritis can coexist with, and negatively effect, other chronic conditions. Here we estimate the burden of hand, hip, knee, and other sites of osteoarthritis across geographies, age, sex, and time, with forecasts of prevalence to 2050. Methods In this systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, osteoarthritis prevalence in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020 was estimated using data from population-based surveys from 26 countries for knee osteoarthritis, 23 countries for hip osteoarthritis, 42 countries for hand osteoarthritis, and US insurance claims for all of the osteoarthritis sites, including the other types of osteoarthritis category. The reference case definition was symptomatic, radiographically confirmed osteoarthritis. Studies using alternative definitions from the reference case definition (for example self-reported osteoarthritis) were adjusted to reference using regression models. Osteoarthritis severity distribution was obtained from a pooled meta-analysis of sources using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index. Final prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights to calculate years lived with disability (YLDs). Prevalence was forecast to 2050 using a mixed-effects model. Findings Globally, 595 million (95% uncertainty interval 535-656) people had osteoarthritis in 2020, equal to 7·6% (95% UI 6·8-8·4) of the global population, and an increase of 132·2% (130·3-134·1) in total cases since 1990. Compared with 2020, cases of osteoarthritis are projected to increase 74·9% (59·4-89·9) for knee, 48·6% (35·9-67·1) for hand, 78·6% (57·7-105·3) for hip, and 95·1% (68·1-135·0) for other types of osteoarthritis by 2050. The global age-standardised rate of YLDs for total osteoarthritis was 255·0 YLDs (119·7-557·2) per 100 000 in 2020, a 9·5% (8·6-10·1) increase from 1990 (233·0 YLDs per 100 000, 109·3-510·8). For adults aged 70 years and older, osteoarthritis was the seventh ranked cause of YLDs. Age-standardised prevalence in 2020 was more than 5·5% in all world regions, ranging from 5677·4 (5029·8-6318·1) per 100 000 in southeast Asia to 8632·7 (7852·0-9469·1) per 100 000 in high-income Asia Pacific. Knee was the most common site for osteoarthritis. High BMI contributed to 20·4% (95% UI -1·7 to 36·6) of osteoarthritis. Potentially modifiable risk factors for osteoarthritis such as recreational injury prevention and occupational hazards have not yet been explored in GBD modelling. Interpretation Age-standardised YLDs attributable to osteoarthritis are continuing to rise and will lead to substantial increases in case numbers because of population growth and ageing, and because there is no effective cure for osteoarthritis. The demand on health systems for care of patients with osteoarthritis, including joint replacements, which are highly effective for late stage osteoarthritis in hips and knees, will rise in all regions, but might be out of reach and lead to further health inequity for individuals and countries unable to afford them. Much more can and should be done to prevent people getting to that late stage. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health.
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2902
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Fass SB, Mulvey B, Yang W, Selmanovic D, Chaturvedi S, Tycksen E, Weiss LA, Dougherty JD. Relationship between sex biases in gene expression and sex biases in autism and Alzheimer's disease. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.29.23294773. [PMID: 37693465 PMCID: PMC10491382 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.29.23294773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in the brain may play an important role in sex-differential prevalence of neuropsychiatric conditions. In order to understand the transcriptional basis of sex differences, we analyzed multiple, large-scale, human postmortem brain RNA-seq datasets using both within-region and pan-regional frameworks. We find evidence of sex-biased transcription in many autosomal genes, some of which provide evidence for pathways and cell population differences between chromosomally male and female individuals. These analyses also highlight regional differences in the extent of sex-differential gene expression. We observe an increase in specific neuronal transcripts in male brains and an increase in immune and glial function-related transcripts in female brains. Integration with single-cell data suggests this corresponds to sex differences in cellular states rather than cell abundance. Integration with case-control gene expression studies suggests a female molecular predisposition towards Alzheimer's disease, a female-biased disease. Autism, a male-biased diagnosis, does not exhibit a male predisposition pattern in our analysis. Finally, we provide region specific analyses of sex differences in brain gene expression to enable additional studies at the interface of gene expression and diagnostic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart B Fass
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bernard Mulvey
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, 855 North Wolfe St. Ste 300, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Din Selmanovic
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sneha Chaturvedi
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
| | - Eric Tycksen
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lauren A Weiss
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSE901, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSE901, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSE901, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Joseph D Dougherty
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis MO, 63110, USA
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2903
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Fagiolini A, Cardoner N, Pirildar S, Ittsakul P, Ng B, Duailibi K, El Hindy N. Moving from serotonin to serotonin-norepinephrine enhancement with increasing venlafaxine dose: clinical implications and strategies for a successful outcome in major depressive disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:1715-1723. [PMID: 37501324 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2242264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health disorders, especially depressive and anxiety disorders, are associated with substantial health-related burden. While the second-generation antidepressants are widely accepted as first-line pharmacological treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), patient response to such treatment is variable, with more than half failing to achieve complete remission, and residual symptoms are frequently present. AREAS COVERED Here, the pharmacodynamics of venlafaxine XR are reviewed in relation to its role as both a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a serotonin-norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), and we look at how these pharmacodynamic properties can be harnessed to guide clinical practice, asking the question 'is it possible to develop a symptom-cluster-based approach to the treatment of MDD with comorbid anxiety utilizing venlafaxine XR?.' Additionally, three illustrative clinical cases provide practical examples of the utility of venlafaxine-XR in real-world clinical practice. The place of venlafaxine XR in managing fatigue/low energy, a frequent residual symptom in MDD, is explored using pooled data from clinical trials of venlafaxine XR. EXPERT OPINION Venlafaxine XR should be considered as a first-line treatment for MDD with or without comorbid anxiety, and there are clear pharmacodynamic signals supporting a symptom cluster-based treatment paradigm for venlafaxine XR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy
| | - Narcis Cardoner
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CIBERSAM, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebnem Pirildar
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pichai Ittsakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bernardo Ng
- Mexican Consortium of Neuropsychopharmacology, Mexico, Sun Valley Research Center, Imperial, California, USA
| | - Kalil Duailibi
- Department of Psychiatry, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nasser El Hindy
- American Center Neurology and Psychiatry, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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2904
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Bennett MT, Gagnon D, Reeves F. Not for the Faint of Heart: Environmental Influences on Cardiovascular Health. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1163-1165. [PMID: 37678983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Daniel Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francois Reeves
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2905
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McBenedict B, Hauwanga WN, Elamin A, Eshete FD, El Husseini N, El Ghazzawi AA, Patel VK, Pessôa BL, Tolentino J, Mesquita ET. Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality Trends in Brazil: An In-Depth Joinpoint Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e45845. [PMID: 37881379 PMCID: PMC10594394 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability following heart disease. In 2019, there were over 101 million people living with a stroke and 12.2 million incidents of stroke globally. For the past three decades, stroke has remained the leading cause of death in Brazil, causing over 100,000 fatalities annually, along with numerous functional impairments among those who survive. The Brazilian healthcare system has witnessed notable advancements in the last decade, including the establishment of additional hospitals and a rise in the count of healthcare professionals specializing in cardiovascular and neurological surgery. However, there exists a gap in the research landscape for continuous comprehensive studies aimed at exploring the evolving mortality rates related to cerebrovascular diseases, of which the last one included data up to 2019. This study aimed to address this gap by meticulously analyzing the trends in cerebrovascular disease mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2021, for the variables age, sex, state of residence, and geographic region. Methods This is a descriptive, ecological, and time series study. Nationwide data for annual cerebrovascular mortality from Brazil were used for the period 2000-2021. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) by direct standardization, encompassing people above 20 years of age, were calculated and expressed per 100,000 persons. Mortality trends were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis by calculating the annual percentage change (APC) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) across categories of age, sex, and state and region of residence. Results The mortality rates decreased for the sex categories over the analyzed years. The AAMR for the categories decreased as follows: males and females (95 deaths/100,000 to 52 deaths/100,000 inhabitants), males (108 deaths/100,000 to 63 deaths/100,000 inhabitants), and females (83 deaths/100,000 to 44 deaths/100,000 inhabitants). The most substantial reduction in AAMR for males occurred in the 30-39-year age group (APC: -4.10), while the smallest decline was observed in the 20-29-year age group (APC: -1.44). All five macro-regions demonstrated statistically significant and downward AAPC values in mortality rates. The south and midwest regions decreased at a stable rate, as denoted by the same APC and AAPC values (-4.05 and -3.11, respectively). The north and northeast regions exhibited an increase in AAMR, followed by a decrease (APC: 0.68 to -1.42 and 2.63 to -2.35, respectively). Conclusions Our comprehensive analysis revealed a downward trend in cerebrovascular disease mortality rates across diverse demographic groups and macro-regions. Females experienced a more substantial reduction compared to males. Despite higher mortality rates among individuals aged 50 and above, all age groups displayed a marked decrease. The continuous decline can be attributed to policy interventions aimed at enhancing healthcare delivery, increased awareness, and healthier diets and lifestyles. With regard to the macro-regions, the regions in the southern zone demonstrated a more significant decrease as compared to the northern part. In Brazil, a more significant decline in cerebrovascular disease mortality rates could be achieved through increased focus on prevention measures and efforts toward mitigating disparities and inequalities between macro-regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy McBenedict
- General and Specialized Surgery, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, BRA
| | - Wilhelmina N Hauwanga
- General and Specialized Surgery, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BRA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruno L Pessôa
- General and Specialized Surgery, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, BRA
| | - Julio Tolentino
- General and Specialized Surgery, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BRA
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2906
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Liu X, Tan SBM, Awiwi MO, Jang HJ, Chernyak V, Fowler KJ, Shaaban AM, Sirlin CB, Furlan A, Marks RM, Elsayes KM. Imaging Findings in Cirrhotic Liver: Pearls and Pitfalls for Diagnosis of Focal Benign and Malignant Lesions. Radiographics 2023; 43:e230043. [PMID: 37651277 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver disease and causes architectural distortion and perfusional anomalies. It is a major risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Common disease entities in noncirrhotic livers, such as hemangiomas, can be rare in cirrhotic livers, and benign entities such as confluent hepatic fibrosis and focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions may mimic the appearance of malignancies,. HCC usually has typical imaging characteristics, such as the major features established by the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System. However, HCC can also have a spectrum of atypical or uncommon appearances, such as cystic HCC, hypovascular HCC, or macroscopic fat-containing HCC. HCCs with certain genetic mutations such as CTNNB-1-mutated HCC can harbor unique imaging features not seen in other types of HCC. In addition, malignancies that are less common than HCC, such as cholangiocarcinoma and metastases, which can be difficult to differentiate, can still occur in cirrhotic livers. Atypical imaging features of benign and malignant lesions can be challenging to accurately diagnose. Therefore, familiarity with these features and an understanding of the prevalence of disease entities in cirrhotic livers are key in the daily practice of radiologists for evaluation of cirrhotic livers. The authors illustrate the typical and atypical features of benign and malignant lesions in cirrhosis and discuss the technical pitfalls and unique advantages associated with various imaging modalities in assessing cirrhotic livers, including noncontrast and contrast-enhanced US, CT, and MRI. Work of the U.S. Government published under an exclusive license with the RSNA. Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Liu
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Stephanie B M Tan
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Muhammad O Awiwi
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Hyun-Jung Jang
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Victoria Chernyak
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Kathryn J Fowler
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Akram M Shaaban
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Claude B Sirlin
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Robert M Marks
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
| | - Khaled M Elsayes
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, University Health Network, 263 McCaul St, 4th Fl, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W7, and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Medical Imaging Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L., S.B.M.T., H.J.J.); Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (V.C.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (K.J.F., C.B.S.); Department of Radiology. University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F.); Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif (R.M.M.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.)
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2907
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Messina R, Rocca MA, Goadsby PJ, Filippi M. Insights into migraine attacks from neuroimaging. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:834-846. [PMID: 37478888 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases and it has a huge social and personal impact. Although head pain is the core symptom, individuals with migraine can have a plethora of non-headache symptoms that precede, accompany, or follow the pain. Neuroimaging studies have shown that the involvement of specific brain areas can explain many of the symptoms reported during the different phases of migraine. Recruitment of the hypothalamus, pons, spinal trigeminal nucleus, thalamus, and visual and pain-processing cortical areas starts during the premonitory phase and persists through the headache phase, contributing to the onset of pain and associated symptoms. Once the pain stops, the involvement of most brain areas ends, although the pons, hypothalamus, and visual cortex remain active after acute treatment intake and resolution of migraine symptoms. A better understanding of the correlations between imaging findings and migraine symptomatology can provide new insight into migraine pathophysiology and the mechanisms of novel migraine-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Messina
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria A Rocca
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College, London, UK; Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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2908
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Durand-Moreau Q, Jackson T, Deibert D, Els C, Kung JY, Straube S. Mindfulness-based Practices in Workers to Address Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:250-258. [PMID: 37818218 PMCID: PMC10562101 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of mindfulness techniques in addressing mental health conditions in workers is uncertain. However, it could represent a therapeutic tool for workers presenting with such conditions. Our objective was to assess the effects of mindfulness-based practices for workers diagnosed with mental health conditions. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Participants included were workers with a mental health condition. Interventions included any mindfulness technique, compared to any nonmindfulness interventions. Outcomes were scores on validated psychiatric rating scales. A total of 4,407 records were screened; 202 were included for full-text analysis; 2 studies were included. The first study (Finnes et al., 2017) used Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) associated or not with Workplace Dialogue Intervention (WDI), compared to treatment as usual. At 9 months follow-up, for the ACT group, depression scores improved marginally (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.06, p = 0.021), but anxiety scores were worse (SMD: 0.15, p = 0.036). Changes in mental health outcomes were not statistically significant for the ACT + WDI group. In the second study (Grensman et al., 2018), no statistically significant change in mental health scales has been observed after completion of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared to cognitive behavioral therapy. Substantial heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. This systematic review did not find evidence that mindfulness-based practices provide a durable and substantial improvement of mental health outcomes in workers diagnosed with mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Durand-Moreau
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tanya Jackson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Danika Deibert
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Charl Els
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janice Y. Kung
- John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sebastian Straube
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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2909
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Breitner-Busch S, Mücke HG, Schneider A, Hertig E. Impact of climate change on non-communicable diseases due to increased ambient air pollution. J Health Monit 2023; 8:103-121. [PMID: 37799533 PMCID: PMC10548484 DOI: 10.25646/11655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The impacts of air pollutants on health range from short-term health impairments to hospital admissions and deaths. Climate change is leading to an increase in air pollution. Methods This article addresses, based on selected literature, the relationship between climate change and air pollutants, the health effects of air pollutants and their modification by air temperature, with a focus on Germany. Results Poor air quality increases the risk of many diseases. Climate change is causing, among other things, more periods of extreme heat with simultaneously increased concentrations of air pollutants. The interactions between air temperature and air pollutants, as well as their combined effects on human health, have not yet been sufficiently studied. Limit, target, and guideline values are of particular importance for health protection. Conclusions Measures to reduce air pollutants and greenhouse gases must be more strictly implemented. An essential step towards improving air quality is setting stricter air quality limit values in Europe. Prevention and adaptation measures should be accelerated in Germany, as they contribute to climate-resilient and sustainable healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Breitner-Busch
- LMU Munich Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE) Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Guido Mücke
- German Environment Agency Department for Environmental Hygiene Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology Munich, Germany
| | - Elke Hertig
- University of Augsburg Faculty of Medicine Augsburg, Germany
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2910
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Williamson C, Nana M, Poon L, Kupcinskas L, Painter R, Taliani G, Heneghan M, Marschall HU, Beuers U. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of liver diseases in pregnancy. J Hepatol 2023; 79:768-828. [PMID: 37394016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases in pregnancy comprise both gestational liver disorders and acute and chronic hepatic disorders occurring coincidentally in pregnancy. Whether related to pregnancy or pre-existing, liver diseases in pregnancy are associated with a significant risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Thus, the European Association for the Study of Liver Disease invited a panel of experts to develop clinical practice guidelines aimed at providing recommendations, based on the best available evidence, for the management of liver disease in pregnancy for hepatologists, gastroenterologists, obstetric physicians, general physicians, obstetricians, specialists in training and other healthcare professionals who provide care for this patient population.
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2911
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Seekles ML, Briegal E, Biggane AM, Obasi AI. Measuring alcohol use among adolescents in Africa: A systematic scoping review of consumption, screening and assessment tools. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1375-1394. [PMID: 37439392 PMCID: PMC10946979 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ISSUES Globally, adolescent drinking is a major public health concern. Alcohol measurements are influenced by local consumption practices, patterns and perceptions of alcohol-related harm. This is the first review to examine what tools are used to measure alcohol consumption, or screen for or assess harmful use in African adolescents, and how these tools take into account the local context. APPROACH A systematic scoping review was conducted in line with the Arksey and O'Malley framework. A search in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Global Health and the Cochrane Database covered the period of 2000-2020. KEY FINDINGS The search identified 121 papers across 25 African countries. A range of single- and multi-item tools were identified. Very few adaptations of existing questions were specified, and this search identified no tools developed by local researchers that were fundamentally different from established tools often designed in the USA or Europe. Inconsistencies were found in the use of cut-off scores; many studies used adult cut-off scores. IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSION The possible impact of African drinking practices and culture on the accuracy of alcohol screening tools is currently unknown, but is also not taken into account by most research. This, in combination with a limited geographical distribution of alcohol-related research across the continent and inconsistent use of age- and gender-specific cut-off scores, points towards probable inaccuracies in current data on adolescent alcohol use in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike L. Seekles
- Department of International Public HealthLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK
| | - Eleanor Briegal
- Department of International Public HealthLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK
| | - Alice M. Biggane
- Department of International Public HealthLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK
| | - Angela I. Obasi
- Department of International Public HealthLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK
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2912
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Abstract
Air pollution is commonly defined as the contamination of the air we breathe by any chemical, physical, or biological agent that is potentially threatening to human and ecosystem health. The common pollutants known to be disease-causing are particulate matter, ground-level ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Although the association between increasing concentrations of these pollutants and cardiovascular disease is now accepted, the association of air pollution and arrhythmias is less well established. In this review we provide an in-depth discussion of the association of acute and chronic air pollution exposure and arrhythmia incidence, morbidity, and mortality, and the purported pathophysiological mechanisms. Increases in concentrations of air pollutants have multiple proarrhythmic mechanisms including systemic inflammation (via increases in reactive oxygen species, tumour necrosis factor, and direct effects from translocated particulate matter), structural remodelling (via an increased risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction or by affecting the cell-to-cell coupling and gap junction function), and mitochondrial and autonomic dysfunction. Furthermore, we describe the associations of air pollution and arrhythmias. There is a strong correlation of acute and chronic air pollutant exposure and the incidence of atrial fibrillation. Acute increases in air pollution increase the risk of emergency room visits and hospital admissions for atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Similarly, there is a strong correlation of increases of air pollutants and the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Koehle
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Kinesiology and Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Wilton
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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2913
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Fernández-Iglesias R, Martinez-Camblor P, Fernández-Somoano A, Rodríguez-Dehli C, Venta-Obaya R, Karagas MR, Tardón A, Riaño-Galán I. Tracking between cardiovascular-related measures at 4 and 8 years of age in the INMA-Asturias cohort. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:3893-3906. [PMID: 37338691 PMCID: PMC10570156 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Identifying cardiovascular-related measures that track from early childhood into later ages may help inform early prevention targets for cardiovascular disease. In this study, the tracking of triglycerides (TG), high-density cholesterol (HDL-c), atherogenic coefficient (AC), waist circumference to height ratio (WC/Height), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was examined in the INMA-Asturias cohort between 4 and 8 years of age. The analysis was conducted in 307 children who participated in the INMA-Asturias cohort (Spain) at 4 and at 8 years of age. Quantile regression models were used to evaluate tracking between measures at both ages, with each measure at 8 years as the dependent variable and the rank transformation of the same measure at 4 years as the independent variable. We found a positive association between HDL-c rank at 4 years and higher quantiles of the HDL-c distribution at 8 years, with an increase of 2.93 mg/dL (95% CI: 1.98, 3.87) per decile in the 0.9 quantile. A positive association was also found for WC/Height, with an increase of 0.008 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.012) per decile in the 0.9 quantile. We observed that tracking for AC increased in the higher quantiles of the distribution at 8 years, with an increase of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.14) in the 0.6 quantile compared to an effect of 0.15 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.21) in the 0.9 quantile. Conclusions: Adult markers of dyslipidemia and central obesity tracked between ages 4 and 8 years. For AC, tracking increased in the higher quantiles of the distribution. What is Known: • Atherosclerosis begins in early life, so preventive efforts that start in childhood may delay progression to clinical disease. Determine what cardiovascular risk factors track into time since childhood bring the opportunity to identified those subjects at risk for later cardiovascular disease. • The study of risk factors in health populations and, particularly in children, copes with not clear and/or controversial thresholds definition. This makes it challenging to study tracking in pediatric ages. What is New: • Quantile regression is a useful tool for assessing the tracking of risk factors for which there are no clinically meaningful thresholds. The increasing trend observed in the tracking of dyslipidemia suggests the possible difficulty that children with abnormal values at 4 years of age might have in normalizing them in future years. • The findings of this article may help to determine which cardiovascular-related measures could be screened and followed-up in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fernández-Iglesias
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street S/N, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pablo Martinez-Camblor
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, 7500912, Providencia, Chile
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street S/N, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Agustín, Heros Street, 4, 33410, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rafael Venta-Obaya
- Servicio de Bioquímica, Hospital San Agustín, Heros Street, 4, 33410, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, University of Oviedo, Fernando Bongera Street, S/N, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street S/N, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Endocrinología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, HUCA, Roma Avenue S/N, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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2914
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Wang C, Jin L. Microbial persisters and host: recent advances and future perspectives. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:658-670. [PMID: 36165023 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2125286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Microbial persisters are defined as the tiny sub-population of microorganisms that develop intrinsic strategies for survival with high tolerance to various antimicrobials. Currently, persister research remains in its infancy, and it is indeed a great challenge to precisely distinguish persister cells from other drug tolerant ones. Notably, the existence of persisters crucially contributes to prolonged antibiotic exposure time and treatment failure, yet there is the formation of antibiotic-resistant mutants. Further understanding on persisters is of profound importance for effective prevention and control of chronic infections/inflammation. The past two decades have witnessed rapid advances on the science, technologies and methodologies for persister investigations, along with deep knowledge about persisters and numerous anti-persister approaches developed. Whereas, various critical issues remain unsolved, such as what are the potential interaction profiles of persisters and host cells, and how to apply what we know about persisters to translational studies and clinical practice. Importantly, it is highly essential to better understand the multifaceted and complex cross-talk of microbial persisters with the host to develop novel tackling strategies for precision healthcare in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2915
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Kuntic M, Kuntic I, Hahad O, Lelieveld J, Münzel T, Daiber A. Impact of air pollution on cardiovascular aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 214:111857. [PMID: 37611809 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The world population is aging rapidly, and by some estimates, the number of people older than 60 will double in the next 30 years. With the increase in life expectancy, adverse effects of environmental exposures start playing a more prominent role in human health. Air pollution is now widely considered the most detrimental of all environmental risk factors, with some studies estimating that almost 20% of all deaths globally could be attributed to poor air quality. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and will continue to account for the most significant percentage of non-communicable disease burden. Cardiovascular aging with defined pathomechanisms is a major trigger of cardiovascular disease in old age. Effects of environmental risk factors on cardiovascular aging should be considered in order to increase the health span and reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in older populations. In this review, we explore the effects of air pollution on cardiovascular aging, from the molecular mechanisms to cardiovascular manifestations of aging and, finally, the age-related cardiovascular outcomes. We also explore the distinction between the effects of air pollution on healthy aging and disease progression. Future efforts should focus on extending the health span rather than the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Kuntic
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ivana Kuntic
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jos Lelieveld
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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2916
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Abe C, Imai T, Sezaki A, Miyamoto K, Kawase F, Shirai Y, Sanada M, Inden A, Kato T, Sugihara N, Shimokata H. Global Association between Traditional Japanese Diet Score and All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Total Cancer Mortality: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Ecological Study. J Am Nutr Assoc 2023; 42:660-667. [PMID: 36219452 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2130472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies conducted on Japanese people have suggested that a traditional Japanese diet contributes to good health, longevity, and protection against several non-communicable diseases. However, it is unknown whether traditional Japanese dietary patterns are associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality globally. The purpose of this cross-sectional and longitudinal ecological study is to clarify the global association between the traditional Japanese diet score (TJDS) and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and total cancer mortality. METHODS Data on food supply and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, total cancer mortality, and covariables by country were obtained from a relevant internationally available database. TJDS by country was calculated from eight food groups and the total score ranged from -8 to 8, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to a traditional Japanese diet. We evaluated the cross-sectional and 10-year longitudinal association between TJDS and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and total cancer mortality using 2009 as the baseline in 142 countries with populations of more than one million. A cross-sectional analysis and a longitudinal analysis were performed using three general linear models or three linear mixed models with different covariables. RESULTS In cross-sectional models controlled for fully-adjusted covariables, TJDS was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (β ± standard error; -43.819 ± 11.741, p < 0.001), cardiovascular disease mortality (-22.395 ± 4.638, p < 0.001), and total cancer mortality (-3.893 ± 1.048, p < 0.001). In 10-year longitudinal models controlled for fully-adjusted covariables, TJDS was significantly negatively associated with all-cause mortality (-31.563 ± 7.695, p < 0.001), cardiovascular disease mortality (-16.249 ± 4.054, p < 0.001), and total cancer mortality (-3.499 ± 0.867, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional and longitudinal ecological study suggests that the traditional Japanese diet is associated with lower all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and total cancer mortality, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Abe
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Tsu City College, Mie, Japan
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Imai
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Sezaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, Ryukoku University, Shiga, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keiko Miyamoto
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumiya Kawase
- Graduate School of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Asuke Hospital Aichi Prefectural Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Shirai
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masayo Sanada
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Heisei College of Health Sciences, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ayaka Inden
- Graduate School of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Hamamatsu University Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Kato
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Nutrition Division, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Norie Sugihara
- Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
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2917
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Tern PJW, Vaswani A, Yeo KK. Identifying and Solving Gaps in Pre- and In-Hospital Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Asia-Pacific Countries. Korean Circ J 2023; 53:594-605. [PMID: 37653695 PMCID: PMC10475691 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2023.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Asia-Pacific region, and mortality rates differ between countries in the region. Systems of care have been shown to play a major role in determining AMI outcomes, and this review aims to highlight pre-hospital and in-hospital system deficiencies and suggest possible improvements to enhance quality of care, focusing on Korea, Japan, Singapore and Malaysia as representative countries. Time to first medical contact can be shortened by improving patient awareness of AMI symptoms and the need to activate emergency medical services (EMS), as well as by developing robust, well-coordinated and centralized EMS systems. Additionally, performing and transmitting pre-hospital electrocardiograms, algorithmically identifying patients with high risk AMI and developing hospital networks that appropriately divert such patients to percutaneous coronary intervention-capable hospitals have been shown to be beneficial. Within the hospital environment, developing and following clinical practice guidelines ensures that treatment plans can be standardised, whilst integrated care pathways can aid in coordinating care within the healthcare institution and can guide care even after discharge. Prescription of guideline directed medical therapy for secondary prevention and patient compliance to medications can be further optimised. Finally, the authors advocate for the establishment of more regional, national and international AMI registries for the formal collection of data to facilitate audit and clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jie Wen Tern
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amar Vaswani
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khung Keong Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.
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2918
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He D, Fan Y, Qiao Y, Liu S, Zheng X, Zhu J. Depressive symptom trajectories and new-onset arthritis in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. J Psychosom Res 2023; 172:111422. [PMID: 37379786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies reported that depression was associated with a high risk of arthritis. However, the effect of different long-term depressive symptom trajectory patterns on the risk of arthritis has not been evaluated. Our study aimed to explore the association between depressive symptom trajectories and the risk of arthritis. METHODS A total of 5583 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2018 were included in this analysis. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify depressive symptom trajectories, and a multivariable competitive Cox regression model was used to examine the association of depressive symptom trajectories with arthritis during follow-up. RESULTS Five depressive symptom trajectories were identified in our research: stable-high, decreasing, increasing, stable-moderate and stable-low. Compared with participants in the stable-low trajectory group, those in the stable-moderate, increasing, decreasing and stable-high trajectory groups had a higher cumulative risk of arthritis, with HRs (95% CIs) for arthritis of 1.64 (1.30, 2.07), 1.86 (1.30, 2.66), 1.99 (1.41, 2.80) and 2.19 (1.38, 3.48), respectively. Participants with the stable-high symptoms trajectory had the highest cumulative risk of arthritis. There was still a high risk of arthritis, although the depression state was reduced and remained at a level that is generally considered reasonable. CONCLUSIONS The higher depressive symptoms trajectories were significantly associated with the increased risk of arthritis, and the long-term depressive symptoms trajectories may be a strong predictor of having arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingliu He
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yancheng, 224001, PR China
| | - Yayun Fan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yancheng, 224001, PR China
| | - Yanan Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
| | - Juanjuan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224001, PR China.
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2919
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Ding S, Yang X, Li Y, Zheng X, Song Y, Xie Y. An improvement in the reconstruction of digestive tract after total gastrectomy: ultra-short cecum. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1236492. [PMID: 37727214 PMCID: PMC10505791 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1236492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the utility and complications of ultra-short cecum (USC) in the reconstruction of digestive tract after total gastrectomy (TG) for the alleviation of reflux esophagitis and to determine its effect on long-term nutritional status. Methods Patients who underwent TG with USC or normal cecum (NC) at a single institution between June 2018 and December 2020 were included in this study. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined, and the primary endpoints were reflux esophagitis, anastomotic leakage and postoperative nutritional status. The long-term nutritional status was evaluated by the change trend of laboratory blood tests, including total protein, prealbumin, hemoglobin, and total leukocytes. Results Totally 240 cases were included in the final analysis out of 496 patients who received TG with USC or NC. Postoperative reflux esophagitis was significantly higher in the NC group than in the USC group (24.7% versus 7.7%, P = 0.001), and the NC group had a higher incidence of severe esophagitis symptoms compared to the USC group (13.6% versus 0.00%, P < 0.001), and the incidence of anastomotic leakage in the USC group was similar to that in the NC group (9.0% versus 6.2%, P = 0.6). There was no significant difference in long-term nutritional status between the USC and NC groups in the two years following the surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusion Ultra-short cecum after total gastrectomy should be more actively recommended due to its significant reduction in reflux esophagitis and similar incidence of anastomotic leakage and nutritional status compared with normal cecum after total gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikang Ding
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang, China
| | - Yibo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yun Cheng Center Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Xiaohao Zheng
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyang Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yun Cheng Center Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Yibin Xie
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang, China
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2920
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Alwani AA, Singh U, Sankhyan S, Chandra A, Rai SK, Nongkynrih B. Hypertension-related distress and its associated factors: findings from an urban primary health centre of South Delhi, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1885-1892. [PMID: 38024890 PMCID: PMC10657111 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1909_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Living with hypertension (HTN) has been found to cause distress, which adversely affects one's self-care and may lead to elevated blood pressure. There is a paucity of data regarding the prevalence of HTN-related distress. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of HTN-related distress among adults with HTN attending an outpatient department in an urban primary health centre and to determine the factors associated with distress. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the outpatient department of an urban primary health centre in Delhi, India. The enrolled participants were administered a questionnaire, which included a Distress Scale for patients with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension (DSDH17 M) (to assess for HTN-related distress) and Health-Related Quality of Life, Healthy Days Measure. A descriptive analysis was performed. Factors associated with HTN-related distress were tested using logistic regression. Results One hundred forty-one participants were enrolled in this study. Most were women (73.76%) with a mean age of 60.15 years (standard deviation [SD]: 0.78). The prevalence of HTN-related distress (average DSDH17 M score ≥3) was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.30-21.03). Patients with HTN-related distress had significantly poor health and reported a greater number of days where they were physically or mentally unhealthy. Patients with uncontrolled blood pressure had six times the odds (95% CI: 1.69-21.77, P value = 0.006) of HTN-related distress compared to those with controlled blood pressure. Conclusions Hypertension-related distress was present in 14% of adults with HTN. Patients with uncontrolled blood pressure had six times the odds of HTN-related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam A. Alwani
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Udita Singh
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Sankhyan
- Department of Paediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Chandra
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay K. Rai
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Baridalyne Nongkynrih
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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2921
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Bae JH, Jin ES, Kim SE, Kang S, Lee JY, Kim M, Jin HY, Shin MJ, Jeong IK. Public Awareness of Dyslipidemia Among the Korean Population: A Survey Study. J Lipid Atheroscler 2023; 12:307-314. [PMID: 37800113 PMCID: PMC10548193 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2023.12.3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the level of public awareness regarding dyslipidemia and its management among the Korean population. Methods We conducted a web- or mobile-based survey study targeting the general population, using various recruitment methods, between July 25, 2022 and August 26, 2022. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions designed to collect demographic information and evaluate participants' awareness and knowledge about dyslipidemia. Results In total, 2,882 participants who completed the survey were included in the analysis. Among the participants, a substantial majority (89.1%) were familiar with the concepts of "good cholesterol" and "bad cholesterol," while a comparatively lower percentage (just 46.7%) were acquainted with the term "dyslipidemia." Noticeable variations in understanding were observed when examining specific aspects of dyslipidemia management, including diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapy. Conclusion The results of this survey underscore the significance of enhancing public awareness about dyslipidemia within the context of health literacy, demonstrating the necessity for a more comprehensive approach that includes education and policymaking to effectively manage dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Sun Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinae Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea
| | - Heung Yong Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyung Jeong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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2922
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Roque A, Taborda-Barata L, Cruz ÁA, Viegi G, Maricoto T. COPD treatment - a conceptual review based on critical endpoints. Pulmonology 2023; 29:410-420. [PMID: 37030998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Many treatment options are now available, but criteria for choosing inhaled bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids have been under discussion. New trials have highlighted the role of patient`s characteristics, such as eosinophil count and exacerbation history, in selecting the most effective personalised treatment option. METHODS In this conceptual review, an in-depth rationale is developed with an integrative approach to COPD treatment, gathering data from the main clinical trials performed so far and that may provide support for actual GOLD 2023 recommendations. RESULTS According to the patient's characteristics and profile, different treatment options, including mono, dual and triple therapies, are presented in a diagram matrix, comparing their efficacy in terms of reduction of exacerbations and mortality risk. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Eosinophil counts and past exacerbation profile may play equally relevant roles to predict the individual risk and the potential response to inhaled corticosteroids. Thus, a comprehensive approach considering these two predictors is needed to aid clinicians decide preventative actions and choice of a first-line or step-up treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roque
- Santa Joana Family Health Unit, Aveiro Health Centre, Aveiro, Portugal; University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - L Taborda-Barata
- UBIAir - Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; CICS- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Immunoallergology, Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Á A Cruz
- Fundação ProAR, Federal University of Bahia and GARD/WHO Planning Group, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - G Viegi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC) - National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - T Maricoto
- UBIAir - Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; CICS- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Beira Ria Health Center, Aveiro Health Centre, Ílhavo, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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2923
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Cheng ZY, Gao Y, Mao F, Lin H, Jiang YY, Xu TL, Sun C, Xin L, Li ZS, Wan R, Zhou MG, Wang LW. Construction and results of a comprehensive index for gastrointestinal health monitoring in China: a nationwide study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2023; 38:100810. [PMID: 37435093 PMCID: PMC10331840 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The disease burden of gastrointestinal disease (GD) in China is high, with significant variation across provinces. A comprehensive agreed set of indicators could guide rational resource allocation to support better GD outcomes. Methods This study collected data from multiple sources, including national surveillance, surveys, registration systems, and scientific research. Literature reviews and Delphi methods were used to obtain monitoring indicators; the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine indicator weights. Findings The China Gastrointestinal Health Index (GHI) system consisted of four dimensions and 46 indicators. The weight of the four dimensions from high to low included the prevalence of gastrointestinal non-neoplastic diseases and gastrointestinal neoplasms (GN) (0.3246), clinical treatment of GD (0.2884), prevention and control of risk factors (0.2606), and exposure to risk factors (0.1264). The highest indicator weight of GHI rank was the successful smoking cessation rate (0.1253), followed by the 5-year survival rate of GN (0.0905), and the examination rate of diagnostic oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (0.0661). The overall GHI for China in 2019 was 49.89, varying from 39.19 to 76.13 across all sub-regions. The top five sub-regions in the total GHI score were in the eastern region. Interpretation GHI is the first system designed to monitor gastrointestinal health systematically. In the future, data from sub-regions of China should be used to test and improve the GHI system for its impact. Funding This research was supported by the National Health Commission of China, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (2019YXK006), and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (21Y31900100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Cheng
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fan Mao
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Han Lin
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying-Ying Jiang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ting-Ling Xu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Digestive Endoscopy Improvement System, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mai-Geng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Luo-Wei Wang
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Digestive Endoscopy Improvement System, Shanghai 200433, China
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2924
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Ho FK, Wirth MD, Parra-Soto S, Boonpor J, Zhou Z, Petermann-Rocha F, Nakada S, Livingstone KM, Mathers JC, Pell JP, Hébert JR, Celis-Morales C. Dose-Response Associations of Dietary Inflammatory Potential With Health Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study of 198,265 UK Biobank Participants. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101774. [PMID: 37121456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the dose-response associations of dietary inflammatory potential with all-cause mortality and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 198,265 UK Biobank participants who completed at least 1 dietary assessment. A web based 24 hours recall questionnaire was used to derive the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII). All-cause mortality and incident CVD and cancer ascertained from linked records. RESULTS After adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, there were J-shaped associations of E-DII with all-cause mortality and CVD, and a relatively linear association with cancer. When E-DII was <0, E-DII was not associated with any of the outcomes. When E-DII was ≥0, the linear associations were strongest in all-cause mortality (HR 1.09, 95% CI, 1.05-1.13), followed by CVD (HR 1.06, 95% CI, 1.03-1.09), and cancer (HR 1.03, 95%,CI, 1.01-1.05). CONCLUSION Dietary inflammatory potential was associated with mortality and CVD primarily when the diet is proinflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick K Ho
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael D Wirth
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jirapitcha Boonpor
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Faculty of Public Health, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Kasetsart University, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shinya Nakada
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katherine M Livingstone
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - James R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Human Performance Laboratory, Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
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2925
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Nejadghaderi SA, Kolahi AA, Noori M, Sullman MJM, Safiri S. The burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1535-1545. [PMID: 37218385 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Globally, pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of the most lethal types of cancers. We report the burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, from 1990 to 2019, by age, sex, and socio-demographic index. METHODS Publicly available data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study were used to report the incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to pancreatic cancer, as counts and age-standardized rates with 95% uncertainty intervals. RESULTS In 2019, pancreatic cancer had an age-standardized incidence rate of 5.3 and a death rate of 5.5 (per 100 000) in MENA, which have increased by 97.5% and 93.4%, respectively, since 1990. There were 563.6 thousand DALYs attributable to pancreatic cancer in 2019, with an age-standardized DALY rate of 123.0, which has increased by 84.9% since 1990. The highest number of incident cases was found in the 60-64 and 65-69 age groups, among male and female, respectively. In addition, the MENA/global DALY ratios were higher in all age groups for both sexes in 2019, than they were in 1990. There was a positive association between socio-demographic index and the burden of pancreatic cancer. Smoking, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body mass index were responsible for 19.2%, 9.3%, and 9.3% of the attributable DALYs in 2019, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There was a clear and substantial increase in the burden of pancreatic cancer in the MENA region. Prevention programs should be implemented in the region that target these three risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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2926
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Khatami K, Sarikhani Y, Fereidooni R, Salehi-Marzijarani M, Akabri M, Khabir L, Mani A, Yaghikosh M, Haghdel A, Heydari ST, Lankarani KB. Association of risky driving behavior with psychiatric disorders among Iranian drivers: A case-control study. Chin J Traumatol 2023; 26:290-296. [PMID: 36357274 PMCID: PMC10533522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the possible association between psychological disorders and risky driving behavior (RDB) in Iran. METHODS This case-control study conducted in Shiraz, Iran in 2021. The case group included drivers with psychological disorders and the control group included those without any disorders. The inclusion criteria for selecting patients were: active driving at the time of the study, being 18 - 65 years old, having a driving license, having a psychological disorder including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety spectrum disorder, or psychotic disorder spectrum confirmed by a psychiatrist, and completing an informed consent form. The exclusion criterion was the existence of conditions that interfered with answering and understanding the questions. The inclusion criteria for selecting the healthy cases were: active driving at the time of the study, being 18 - 65 years old, having a driving license, lack of any past or present history of psychiatric problems, and completing an informed consent form. The data were gathered using a researcher-made checklist and Manchester driving behavior questionnaire. First, partition around medoids method was used to extract clusters of RDB. Then, backward logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between the independent variables and the clusters of RDB. RESULTS The sample comprised of 344 (153 with psychological disorder and 191 without confirmed psychological disorder) drivers. Backward elimination logistic regression on total data revealed that share of medical expenditure ≤ 10% of total household expenditure (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48 - 7.24), psychological disorder (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.67 - 5.70), and substance abuse class (OR = 6.38, 95% CI: 3.55 - 11.48) were associated with high level of RDB. CONCLUSION Substance abuse, psychological illnesses, and share of medical costs from total household expenditure were found to be main predictors of RDB. Further investigations are necessary to explain the impact of different psychological illnesses on driving behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Khatami
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yaser Sarikhani
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Reza Fereidooni
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Akabri
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Khabir
- Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arash Mani
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yaghikosh
- Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Haghdel
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2927
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Li S, Shi Y, Chen T, Zhao M. An exploratory study on the 10-year dynamic changes of mental health policy development and media stigma reporting in China (2011-2020). Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1388-1398. [PMID: 37017411 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231162815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has introduced a large number of national mental health policies over the past decade. However, few studies have touched on what changes the policies brought to the media. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stigma reports, classifications of mental disorders (SMI: severe mental illness vs. CMD: common mental disorders) and sources of information (mental health professionals vs. non-mental health professionals) from 2011 to 2020 in China Daily, an established official media of China. METHOD This study consists of policy review and media review. The policy review reviewed the media management content in Chinese national plans, policies, and laws on mental health from 2011 to 2020. China Daily news articles reporting mental illness-related topics were included in this study as the media material. After a two-step review, the eligible news articles were coded with a structured codebook. The proportion and frequency of stigma depiction of mental disorders, classifications of mental disorders and source of information were counted by year. Chi-test was undertaken to determine the relationship between stigma reports and different classifications of mental disorders and sources of information. An exploratory analysis was conducted to explore the changes in depiction around time points of policy publications. RESULTS The number of anti-stigmatizing articles increased significantly from 2011 to 2020. There is a statistical difference in the proportion of stigmatizing codes between articles featuring SMI and CMD (χ2 = 44.56, p < .001) and different sources of information (χ2 = 78.49, p < .001). And the statistical difference remained over the decade. CONCLUSION The results of the research indicate that the media may have alleviated the problem of stigma. But the subtle stigmatization still exists, which needs joint efforts of the government and media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawen Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhen Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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2928
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Seoane M, Lorenzo-Erro SM, Massa F, Hilgert JB, Hugo FN, De Marchi RJ, Celeste RK. Residual dentition, prosthesis type and oral health-related quality of life in Uruguayan adults. Gerodontology 2023; 40:317-325. [PMID: 36214197 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between different types of dental prostheses (and residual dentition) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). METHODS A population-based study with a representative sample of adults and older adults in Uruguay (2010-2011). The dependent variable was the score on the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP), and the main predictor was the pattern of tooth loss and prosthesis use. Covariates included sex, age, socioeconomic status, education, missing teeth, pain and decayed teeth. Negative binomial regression was used. RESULTS The sample comprised 762 participants. Those participants not wearing a prosthesis and with extensive tooth loss had a mean OIDP of 3.1 (95% CI = 1.6-6.2), while those wearing removable partial dentures (RPD) and having <12 missing teeth had a mean OIDP of 3.6 (95% CI = 1.3-10.0). Participants with a free-end saddle had the highest mean OIDP, at 4.9 (95% CI = 2.0-12.1). For participants with ≤12 missing teeth, any additional missing tooth was associated with an 11% higher OIDP score. Participants who wore RDPs reported fewer impacts on OHRQoL if they had extensive tooth loss or anterior tooth loss than those with a free-end saddle, or who had lost fewer teeth. CONCLUSIONS The use of RPDs is associated with better OHRQoL. These findings may be valuable in clinical practice and prosthetic planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seoane
- Chair of Removable Partial Prosthesis, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Susana Margarita Lorenzo-Erro
- Chair of Social Dentistry, Epidemiology and Statistics Service, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernando Massa
- Chair of Social Dentistry, Epidemiology and Statistics Service, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Juliana Balbinot Hilgert
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renato Jose De Marchi
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roger Keller Celeste
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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2929
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Wang K, Jin Y, Wang M, Liu J, Bu X, Mu J, Lu J. Global cardiovascular diseases burden attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:868-879. [PMID: 37602974 PMCID: PMC10497030 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Sodium intake shows a positive correlation with blood pressure, resulting in an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Salt reduction is a key step toward the WHO's goal of 25% reduction in mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by 2025. This study aims to assess the current condition and temporal changes of the global CVD burden due to high sodium intake (HSI). We extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. The numbers and age-standardized rates of mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), stratified by location, sex, and socio-demographic Index (SDI), were used to assess the high sodium intake attributable CVD burden from 1990 to 2019. The relationship between the DALYs rates and related factors was evaluated by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Globally, in 2019, the deaths and DALYs of HSI-related CVD were 1.72 million and 40.54 million, respectively, increasing by 41.08% and 33.06% from 1990. Meanwhile, the corresponding mortality and DALYs rates dropped by 35.1% and 35.2%, respectively. The high-middle and middle SDI quintiles bore almost two-thirds of CVD burden caused by HSI. And the leading cause of HSI attributable CVD burden was ischemic heart disease. Universal health coverage (UHC) was associated with the DALYs rates after adjustment. From 1990 to 2019, the global CVD burden attributable to HSI has declined with spatiotemporal and sexual heterogeneity. However, it remains a major public health challenge because of the increasing absolute numbers. Improving UHC serves as an effective strategy to reduce the HSI-related CVD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yaqiong Jin
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xiang Bu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jianjun Mu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jingchao Lu
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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2930
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Ru M, Shindell D, Spadaro JV, Lamarque JF, Challapalli A, Wagner F, Kiesewetter G. New concentration-response functions for seven morbidity endpoints associated with short-term PM 2.5 exposure and their implications for health impact assessment. Environ Int 2023; 179:108122. [PMID: 37659174 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity burdens from ambient air pollution are associated with market and non-market costs and are therefore important for policymaking. The estimation of morbidity burdens is based on concentration-response functions (CRFs). Most existing CRFs for short-term exposures to PM2.5 assume a fixed risk estimate as a log-linear function over an extrapolated exposure range, based on evidence primarily from Europe and North America. OBJECTIVES We revisit these CRFs by performing a systematic review for seven morbidity endpoints previously assessed by the World Health Organization, including data from all available regions. These endpoints include all cardiovascular hospital admission, all respiratory hospital admission, asthma hospital admission and emergency room visit, along with the outcomes that stem from morbidity, such as lost work days, respiratory restricted activity days, and child bronchitis symptom days. METHODS We estimate CRFs for each endpoint, using both a log-linear model and a nonlinear model that includes additional parameters to better fit evidence from high-exposure regions. We quantify uncertainties associated with these CRFs through randomization and Monte Carlo simulations. RESULTS The CRFs in this study show reduced model uncertainty compared with previous CRFs in all endpoints. The nonlinear CRFs produce more than doubled global estimates on average, depending on the endpoint. Overall, we assess that our CRFs can be used to provide policy analysis of air pollution impacts at the global scale. It is however important to note that improvement of CRFs requires observations over a wide range of conditions, and current available literature is still limited. DISCUSSION The higher estimates produced by the nonlinear CRFs indicates the possibility of a large underestimation in current assessments of the morbidity impacts attributable to air pollution. Further studies should be pursued to better constrain the CRFs studied here, and to better characterize the causal relationship between exposures to PM2.5 and morbidity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muye Ru
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Now at The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Drew Shindell
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joseph V Spadaro
- Spadaro Environmental Research Consultants, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Fabian Wagner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Gregor Kiesewetter
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
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2931
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Li L, Yao H, Zhang L, Garcia‐Argibay M, Du Rietz E, Brikell I, Solmi M, Cortese S, Ramos‐Quiroga JA, Ribasés M, Chang Z, Larsson H. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JCPP Adv 2023; 3:e12158. [PMID: 37720588 PMCID: PMC10501695 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occurs with other psychiatric and physical diseases. However, available evidence on associations between ADHD and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is mixed. To systematically review, quantitatively synthesize, and appraise available evidence on the link between ADHD with CVDs, we searched relevant articles in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to May 1, 2022. Study quality was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and random-effects model meta-analyses were performed. A total of 18,391,169 (ADHD: n = 421,224) individuals from 11 studies were included in our systematic review and 8,196,648 (ADHD = 332,619) individuals from five studies were included in the main meta-analysis of adjusted estimates. Pooled estimates showed that ADHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVDs in analyses based on adjusted effect size (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19-2.23, Q = 140.74, P Q < 0.001, I 2 = 97.2%). When restricted among adults, the heterogeneity declined to null (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.14-2.62, Q = 6.28, P Q = 0.10, I 2 = 6.28%), suggesting age might be the main source of heterogeneity. In subgroup analyses, we found increased risk of CVDs associated with ADHD across age groups, type of CVDs, and data sources. This systematic review and meta-analyses indicate that ADHD is associated with increased risk for CVDs, but further studies with various study designs are warranted to advance the understanding of the underlying mechanisms for the observed association between ADHD and CVDs. Additional research is also needed to resolve the role of ADHD medications which remains unclear due to the limited number of primary studies exploring this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Honghui Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | | | - Ebba Du Rietz
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Isabell Brikell
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of Mental HealthThe Ottawa HospitalOttawaOntarioCanada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryCharité UniversitätsmedizinBerlinGermany
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health‐Developmental LabSchool of PsychologyUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health‐Developmental LabSchool of PsychologyUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Solent NHS TrustSouthamptonUK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU LangoneNew York University Child Study CenterNew YorkHampshireUSA
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied PsychologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - J. Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of Mental HealthHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronBarcelonaSpain
- Psychiatric Genetics UnitGroup of PsychiatryMental Health and AddictionVall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of Mental HealthHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronBarcelonaSpain
- Psychiatric Genetics UnitGroup of PsychiatryMental Health and AddictionVall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and StatisticsFaculty of BiologyUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- School of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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2932
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Stieb DM, Smith‐Doiron M, Quick M, Christidis T, Xi G, Miles RM, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Hystad P, Tjepkema M. Inequality in the Distribution of Air Pollution Attributable Mortality Within Canadian Cities. Geohealth 2023; 7:e2023GH000816. [PMID: 37654974 PMCID: PMC10465848 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified inequality in the distribution of air pollution attributable health impacts, but to our knowledge this has not been examined in Canadian cities. We evaluated the extent and sources of inequality in air pollution attributable mortality at the census tract (CT) level in seven of Canada's largest cities. We first regressed fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) attributable mortality against the neighborhood (CT) level prevalence of age 65 and older, low income, low educational attainment, and identification as an Indigenous (First Nations, Métis, Inuit) or Black person, accounting for spatial autocorrelation. We next examined the distribution of baseline mortality rates, PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations, and attributable mortality by neighborhood (CT) level prevalence of these characteristics, calculating the concentration index, Atkinson index, and Gini coefficient. Finally, we conducted a counterfactual analysis of the impact of reducing baseline mortality rates and air pollution concentrations on inequality in air pollution attributable mortality. Regression results indicated that CTs with a higher prevalence of low income and Indigenous identity had significantly higher air pollution attributable mortality. Concentration index, Atkinson index, and Gini coefficient values revealed different degrees of inequality among the cities. Counterfactual analysis indicated that inequality in air pollution attributable mortality tended to be driven more by baseline mortality inequalities than exposure inequalities. Reducing inequality in air pollution attributable mortality requires reducing disparities in both baseline mortality and air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Stieb
- Environmental Health Science and Research BureauHealth CanadaVancouverBCCanada
- Environmental Health Science and Research BureauHealth CanadaOttawaONCanada
- School of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Marc Smith‐Doiron
- Environmental Health Science and Research BureauHealth CanadaOttawaONCanada
| | - Matthew Quick
- Health Analysis DivisionStatistics CanadaOttawaONCanada
| | | | - Guoliang Xi
- Environmental Health Science and Research BureauHealth CanadaOttawaONCanada
| | - Rosalin M. Miles
- Faculty of EducationIndigenous Health & Physical Activity ProgramUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Prevention UnitFaculty of EducationUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Indigenous Physical Activity and Cultural CircleVancouverBCCanada
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of EnergyEnvironmental & Chemical EngineeringWashington UniversitySt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Department of EnergyEnvironmental & Chemical EngineeringWashington UniversitySt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
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2933
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Wang H, Song Y, Ma J, Ma S, Shen L, Huang Y, Thangaraju P, Basharat Z, Hu Y, Lin Y, Peden AE, Sawyer SM, Zhang H, Zou Z. Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2023; 7:621-635. [PMID: 37524095 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide, little comprehensive or recent evidence of the burden of NCDs among adolescents and young adults in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions is available. We aimed to report population shifts in people aged 10-24 years and their NCD burden from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS We retrieved data from GBD 2019 for people aged 10-24 years in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions from 1990 to 2019. We presented population shifts and analysed deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for NCDs. We also quantified the associations of deaths and DALYs with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) effective coverage index using Spearman correlation and linear regression analyses. Percentages are reported to 1 decimal place and rates are reported to 2 decimal places. FINDINGS In 2019, there were 559·2 million young people aged 10-24 years in the South-East Asia region and 335·0 million in the Western Pacific region; India and China remained the countries with greatest number of this age group. In 1990-2019, India had an absolute increase of 139·4 million adolescents, while China had a decrease of 134·3 million. In 2019, NCDs accounted for 27·3% (95% uncertainty interval 25·1 to 29·2) and 34·6% (33·5 to 36·1) of total deaths, and 49·8% (45·3 to 54·4) and 65·1% (60·6 to 69·3) of total DALYs in the South-East Asia and the Western Pacific regions, respectively. Neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and mental disorders were the leading causes of NCD burden in 42 countries. Kiribati had the highest rates of deaths (62·82 [50·77 to 76·11] per 100 000 population), YLLs (4364·73 [3545·04 to 5275·63] per 100 000 population), and DALYs (9368·73 [7713·65 to 11340·99] per 100 000 population) for NCDs, whereas Australia (6976·51 [5044·46 to 9190·01] per 100 000 population) and New Zealand (6716·81 [4827·25 to 8827·69] per 100 000 population) had the largest rates of YLDs due to NCDs. From 1990 to 2019 across both regions, the rate of death due to NCDs declined by over a third (-32·8% [-41·1 to -22·9] in the South-East Asia region and -40·0% [-48·6 to -30·4] in the Western Pacific region), and DALYs decreased by about 12% (-12·0% [-16·8 to -7·7] in the South-East Asia region and -12·8% [-17·7 to -8·7] in the Western Pacific region), whereas the proportion of NCD burden relative to all-cause burden increased (45·7% [32·9 to 61·7] for deaths and 41·2% [35·2 to 48·8] for DALYs in the South-East Asia region; 11·8% [7·1 to 21·5] for deaths and 18·2% [14·6 to 22·0] for DALYs in the Western Pacific region). The rate of deaths and DALYs due to NCDs decreased monotonically alongside increases in SDI (rs=-0·57 [95% CI -0·81 to -0·32] for deaths and rs=-0·30 [-0·61 to 0·03] for DALYs). The rate of deaths (rs=-0·89 [95% CI -0·97 to -0·80]) and DALYs (rs=-0·67 [-0·93 to -0·41]) due to NCDs also decreased alongside increases in the UHC effective coverage index. INTERPRETATION Specific preventive and health service measures are needed for adolescents and young adults in countries with different levels of socioeconomic development to reduce the burden from NCDs. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China. TRANSLATION For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmu Huang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zarrin Basharat
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Amy E Peden
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan M Sawyer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hao Zhang
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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2934
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Ramadan M. Temporal patterns of the burden of Alzheimer's disease and their association with Sociodemographic Index in countries with varying rates of aging 1990-2019. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:281-289. [PMID: 37711254 PMCID: PMC10498825 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To we examine the temporal patterns of the burden of Alzheimer's disease and their association with Sociodemographic Index in countries with varying rates of aging. Method Data were obtained from Global Burden of Diseases studies (GBD) 2019 and were used to compare countries with different rates of change in aging population from 1990 to 2019. We collected the data of the age-standardized rates per 100,000 of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, and the age-specific population rates per 100,000. Results Countries with high rates of change in their aging populations had an increase in DALYs, incidence, and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias over the last 30 years. Countries with a high rate of change in aging population had a significantly positive association among DALYs, incidence, and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. In contrast, countries with a medium and low rate of change in aging population had negative associations between DALYs and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Conclusion This study highlights the significant impact of demographic changes on the burden, prevalence, and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementia. The study also found that robust health care and social systems, as reflected by a higher Sociodemographic Index, can contribute to reducing the burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in medium to low rates of aging populations. The findings underscore the importance of investing in health care and social systems to address the growing burden of these conditions, especially in countries with a high rate of change in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Ramadan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Population Health Research SectionKing Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard – Health AffairsJeddahSaudi Arabia
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2935
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Wang L, Liu Y, Tian R, Zuo W, Qian H, Wang L, Yang X, Liu Z, Zhang S. What do we know about platelets in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and why is it important? Thromb Res 2023; 229:114-126. [PMID: 37437517 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), the joint result of ischemic injury and reperfusion injury, is associated with poor outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that activated platelets directly contribute to the pathogenesis of MIRI through participating in the formation of microthrombi, interaction with leukocytes, secretion of active substances, constriction of microvasculature, and activation of spinal afferent nerves. The molecular mechanisms underlying the above detrimental effects of activated platelets include the homotypic and heterotypic interactions through surface receptors, transduction of intracellular signals, and secretion of active substances. Revealing the roles of platelet activation in MIRI and the associated mechanisms would provide potential targets/strategies for the clinical evaluation and treatment of MIRI. Further studies are needed to characterize the temporal (ischemia phase vs. reperfusion phase) and spatial (systemic vs. local) distributions of platelet activation in MIRI by multi-omics strategies. To improve the likelihood of translating novel cardioprotective interventions into clinical practice, basic researches maximally replicating the complexity of clinical scenarios would be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinglin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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2936
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Solmi M, Cortese S, Vita G, De Prisco M, Radua J, Dragioti E, Köhler-Forsberg O, Madsen NM, Rohde C, Eudave L, Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, Rodriguez V, Rosson S, Sabé M, Hojlund M, Catalan A, de Luca B, Fornaro M, Ostuzzi G, Barbui C, Salazar-de-Pablo G, Fusar-Poli P, Correll CU. An umbrella review of candidate predictors of response, remission, recovery, and relapse across mental disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3671-3687. [PMID: 37957292 PMCID: PMC10730397 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify diagnosis-specific/transdiagnostic/transoutcome multivariable candidate predictors (MCPs) of key outcomes in mental disorders. We conducted an umbrella review (protocol link ), searching MEDLINE/Embase (19/07/2022), including systematic reviews of studies reporting on MCPs of response, remission, recovery, or relapse, in DSM/ICD-defined mental disorders. From published predictors, we filtered MCPs, validating MCP criteria. AMSTAR2/PROBAST measured quality/risk of bias of systematic reviews/individual studies. We included 117 systematic reviews, 403 studies, 299,888 individuals with mental disorders, testing 796 prediction models. Only 4.3%/1.2% of the systematic reviews/individual studies were at low risk of bias. The most frequently targeted outcome was remission (36.9%), the least frequent was recovery (2.5%). Studies mainly focused on depressive (39.4%), substance-use (17.9%), and schizophrenia-spectrum (11.9%) disorders. We identified numerous MCPs within disorders for response, remission and relapse, but none for recovery. Transdiagnostic MCPs of remission included lower disease-specific symptoms (disorders = 5), female sex/higher education (disorders = 3), and quality of life/functioning (disorders = 2). Transdiagnostic MCPs of relapse included higher disease-specific symptoms (disorders = 5), higher depressive symptoms (disorders = 3), and younger age/higher anxiety symptoms/global illness severity/ number of previous episodes/negative life events (disorders = 2). Finally, positive trans-outcome MCPs for depression included less negative life events/depressive symptoms (response, remission, less relapse), female sex (response, remission) and better functioning (response, less relapse); for schizophrenia, less positive symptoms/higher depressive symptoms (remission, less relapse); for substance use disorder, marital status/higher education (remission, less relapse). Male sex, younger age, more clinical symptoms and comorbid mental/physical symptoms/disorders were poor prognostic factors, while positive factors included social contacts and employment, absent negative life events, higher education, early access/intervention, lower disease-specific and comorbid mental and physical symptoms/conditions, across mental disorders. Current data limitations include high risk of bias of studies and extraction of single predictors from multivariable models. Identified MCPs can inform future development, validation or refinement of prediction models of key outcomes in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Solmi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- On Track: The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vita
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD), CIBERSAM, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Dragioti
- University of Ioannina, Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
- Linköping University, Pain and Rehabilitation Centre and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ole Köhler-Forsberg
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nanna M Madsen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christopher Rohde
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luis Eudave
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudia Aymerich
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto. University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU. Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental. (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Borja Pedruzo
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Stella Rosson
- Mental Health Department, Local Health Unit ULSS3 Serenissima, Venice, Italy
| | - Michel Sabé
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, 2, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air, CH-1226, Thonex, Switzerland
| | - Mikkel Hojlund
- Department of Psychiatry Aabenraa, Mental Health Services Region of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Catalan
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto. University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU. Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental. (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Beatrice de Luca
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ostuzzi
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gonzalo Salazar-de-Pablo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Outreach and Support in South London (OASIS) service, NHS South London and Maudsley Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA.
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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2937
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Motairek I, Makhlouf MHE, Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi S. The Exposome and Cardiovascular Health. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1191-1203. [PMID: 37290538 PMCID: PMC10526979 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the interplay between social factors, environmental hazards, and health has garnered much attention in recent years. The term "exposome" was coined to describe the total impact of environmental exposures on an individual's health and well-being, serving as a complementary concept to the genome. Studies have shown a strong correlation between the exposome and cardiovascular health, with various components of the exposome having been implicated in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. These components include the natural and built environment, air pollution, diet, physical activity, and psychosocial stress, among others. This review provides an overview of the relationship between the exposome and cardiovascular health, highlighting the epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence of environmental exposures on cardiovascular disease. The interplay between various environmental components is discussed, and potential avenues for mitigation are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam Motairek
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohamed H E Makhlouf
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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2938
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Shukla V, Arora R. The Economic Cost of Rising Non-communicable Diseases in India: A Systematic Literature Review of Methods and Estimates. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2023; 21:719-730. [PMID: 37505413 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-023-00822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES India has one of the world's highest proportions of out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) payments. The low share of public health expenditure coupled with the double burden of disease (communicable and non-communicable) has a direct financial impact on individual OOPE and an indirect impact in the form of decreasing life expectancy, reduced productivity, and hence a negative impact on economic growth. This systematic review aims to compare and assess the estimated economic cost of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in India and ascertain the methods used to derive these estimates. METHODS This paper reviews the past 12-year (2010-22) literature on the economic impact of health shocks due to NCDs. Three databases were searched for the literature: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Thematic analysis has been performed to analyse the findings of the study. RESULTS The OOPE was very high for NCDs. The increasing cost was high and unaffordable, pushing many people into financial distress measured by catastrophic payments and rising impoverishment. CONCLUSION The results indicate both the direct and indirect impact of NCDs, but the indirect burden of loss of employment and productivity, despite its relevance, has been less studied in the literature. A robust economic analysis will allow an evidence-based policy decision perspective to reduce the rising burden of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Shukla
- Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
| | - Rahul Arora
- Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
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2939
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Moamer S, Faradmal J, Leili M. Short-term effects of air pollution on hospital admissions of respiratory diseases in Hamadan, Iran, 2015 to 2021. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:97900-97910. [PMID: 37603242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The short-term effects of air pollution on respiratory diseases have been reported in many countries. Urban areas are most affected because of the many sources of pollution and the large number of people living there. This study aims to investigate the effect of short-term exposure to air pollutants on respiratory hospital admissions in the city of Hamadan. In this ecological study, daily hospital admission data were collected from Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan. Daily information on air pollutants (CO, SO2, NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10) from Hamadan Department of Environment (DoE) organization and of climate factors from Hamadan Meteorological Office were collected. A negative binomial regression model was used to examine the effect of air pollution on daily respiratory hospitalizations. The effect of exposure to pollutants was measured whit different time lags (0-7 days). Furthermore, the effect of meteorological variables was controlled. Subgroup analyses were performed by sex and age group. A total of 12,454 hospitalizations for respiratory diseases were recorded. Results showed a strong and immediate effect of CO on respiratory hospital admissions with highest association at lag 7 (relative risk (RR) = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.33, 1.42). The effects of CO and SO2 on respiratory hospitalizations are greater for men than women. Regarding the short-term effects of PM2.5, SO2 and O3, adults (aged less than 65) were more prone to hospitalization for respiratory diseases. These results show that exposure to air pollution, particularly CO, may increase hospital admissions due to respiratory illness. So reducing the concentration of these pollutants can reduce the number of hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Moamer
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javad Faradmal
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Leili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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2940
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Banerjee A, Jha A, Farooq B, Mohan D, Tiwari G, Bhalla K, Goel R. Developing a national database of police-reported fatal road traffic crashes for road safety research and management in India. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2023; 30:439-446. [PMID: 37162321 PMCID: PMC10524357 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2023.2210546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Strengthening crash surveillance is an urgent priority for road safety in low- and middle-income countries. We reviewed the online availability and completeness of First Information Reports (FIRs; police reports) of road traffic crashes in India. We developed a relational database to record information extracted from FIRs, and implemented it for one state (Chhattisgarh, 2017-2019). We found that FIRs can be downloaded in bulk from government websites of 15 states and union territories. Another 14 provide access online but restrict bulk downloading, and 7 do not provide online access. For Chhattisgarh, 87% of registered FIRs could be downloaded. Most FIRs reported the date, time, collision-type, and vehicle-types, but important crash characteristics (e.g. infrastructure attributes) were missing. India needs to invest in building the crash surveillance capacity for research and safety management. However, in the interim, maintaining a national database of a sample of FIRs can provide useful policy guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunabha Banerjee
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhaya Jha
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dinesh Mohan
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Geetam Tiwari
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kavi Bhalla
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rahul Goel
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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2941
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Gibson AA, Cox E, Gale J, Craig ME, King S, Chow CK, Colagiuri S, Nassar N. Association of oral health with risk of incident micro and macrovascular complications: A prospective cohort study of 24,862 people with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 203:110857. [PMID: 37563015 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association between self-reported oral health and incident micro and macrovascular diabetes complications. METHODS This prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records. The participants were 24,862 men and women, aged ≥45 years, with diabetes at baseline (2006-2009). The oral health of participants was assessed by questionnaire. Incident diabetes complications were determined using hospitalisation data and claims for medical services up until 2019. Hazard ratios for the association between oral health and incident complications were calculated using multivariable cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Almost 60 % of participants had <20 teeth, and 38 % rated their teeth and gums as fair or poor. Compared with those with ≥20 teeth, those with 0 teeth had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (aHR 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.15, 1.35), lower limb (aHR 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.33) and kidney (aHR 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.29) complications. Individuals with 1-9 teeth had an increased risk of eye complications (aHR 1.14, 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.22). The associations were generally consistent for poor self-rated teeth and gums. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported oral health measures may be a marker of elevated risk of complications in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Gibson
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Emma Cox
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne Gale
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria E Craig
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shalinie King
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Heath, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Colagiuri
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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2942
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Lutsch AG, Baumeister H, Paganini S, Sander LB, Terhorst Y, Domhardt M. Mechanisms of change in digital cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in patients with chronic back pain: A mediation analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Behav Res Ther 2023; 168:104369. [PMID: 37531807 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is evolving knowledge on change processes of digital cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in the treatment of depression, little is known about how these interventions produce therapeutic change in the comorbid constellation of chronic back pain (CBP). Here, we examined whether the effects of a digital intervention to treat depression in patients with CBP are mediated by three pain-related variables (i.e., pain self-efficacy, pain-related disability, pain intensity). METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted in routine care at 82 orthopedic clinics across Germany. In total, 209 adults with CBP and diagnosed depression (SCID interview) were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 104) or treatment-as-usual (n = 105). Cross-lagged mediation models were estimated to investigate longitudinal mediation effects of putative mediators with depression symptom severity (PHQ-9) as primary outcome at post-treatment. RESULTS Longitudinal mediation effects were observed for pain self-efficacy (ß = -0.094, 95%-CI [-0.174, -0.014], p = 0.021) and pain-related disability (ß = -0.068, 95%-CI [-0.130, -0.001], p = 0.047). Furthermore, the hypothesized direction of the mediation effects was supported, reversed causation did not occur. Pain intensity did not reveal a mediation effect. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a relevant role of pain self-efficacy and pain-related disability as change processes in the treatment of depression for patients with CBP in routine care. However, further research is needed to disclose potential reciprocal relationships of mediators, and to extend and specify our knowledge of the mechanisms of change in digital CBT for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne G Lutsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Sarah Paganini
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Matthias Domhardt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany.
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2943
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Galea JT, Chu AL, Sweetland AC, Jimenez J, Yataco R, Calderón R, Zhang Z, Huang CC, Lecca L, Murray M. Latent TB and depressive symptoms in household contacts of persons with active TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:682-687. [PMID: 37608477 PMCID: PMC10443790 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Depression is common among persons with TB and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, little is known about the relationship between latent TB infection (LTBI) and depression. We assessed the association between LTBI and depressive symptoms among household contacts (HHCs) of patients receiving TB treatment.METHODS: We enrolled 1,009 HHCs of 307 patients receiving TB treatment in Lima, Peru, during 2016-2018. At enrollment, HHC LTBI status was assessed using the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and 12 months later using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with a cut-off of ≥5. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for PHQ-9 ≥5, comparing HHCs with and without baseline LTBI.RESULTS: Among 921 HHCs, 374 (41.0%) had LTBI at baseline, and 69 (12.4%) of 567 HHCs had PHQ-9 ≥5. Compared to HHCs without LTBI at enrollment, those with LTBI had almost two times the odds of PHQ-9 ≥5 at follow-up after controlling for potential confounders (adjusted OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.09-3.39); this association was driven by greater severities of depressive symptoms.CONCLUSION: HHCs with LTBI had increased odds of depressive symptoms 1 year later. This population may benefit from mental health screening and interventions integrated into TB programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Galea
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A L Chu
- Department of Medical Education, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - A C Sweetland
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - R Calderón
- Socios En Salud, Lima, Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Biología Sintética, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Z Zhang
- Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C-C Huang
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Lecca
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Socios En Salud, Lima
| | - M Murray
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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2944
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Kelp MM, Fargiano TC, Lin S, Liu T, Turner JR, Kutz JN, Mickley LJ. Data-Driven Placement of PM 2.5 Air Quality Sensors in the United States: An Approach to Target Urban Environmental Injustice. Geohealth 2023; 7:e2023GH000834. [PMID: 37711364 PMCID: PMC10499371 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, citizens and policymakers heavily rely upon Environmental Protection Agency mandated regulatory networks to monitor air pollution; increasingly they also depend on low-cost sensor networks to supplement spatial gaps in regulatory monitor networks coverage. Although these regulatory and low-cost networks in tandem provide enhanced spatiotemporal coverage in urban areas, low-cost sensors are located often in higher income, predominantly White areas. Such disparity in coverage may exacerbate existing inequalities and impact the ability of different communities to respond to the threat of air pollution. Here we present a study using cost-constrained multiresolution dynamic mode decomposition (mrDMDcc) to identify the optimal and equitable placement of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) sensors in four U.S. cities with histories of racial or income segregation: St. Louis, Houston, Boston, and Buffalo. This novel approach incorporates the variation of PM2.5 on timescales ranging from 1 day to over a decade to capture air pollution variability. We also introduce a cost function into the sensor placement optimization that represents the balance between our objectives of capturing PM2.5 extremes and increasing pollution monitoring in low-income and nonwhite areas. We find that the mrDMDcc algorithm places a greater number of sensors in historically low-income and nonwhite neighborhoods with known environmental pollution problems compared to networks using PM2.5 information alone. Our work provides a roadmap for the creation of equitable sensor networks in U.S. cities and offers a guide for democratizing air pollution data through increasing spatial coverage of low-cost sensors in less privileged communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto M. Kelp
- Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | - Samuel Lin
- Department of Computer ScienceHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Tianjia Liu
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Jay R. Turner
- Department of EnergyEnvironmental and Chemical EngineeringWashington UniversitySt. LouisMOUSA
| | - J. Nathan Kutz
- Department of Applied MathematicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Loretta J. Mickley
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
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2945
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Perraud E, Wang J, Dussiot A, Fouillet H, Mariotti F. Identifying the most Efficient Detailed Trajectories toward Healthy Diets-A Graph-Based Analysis. J Nutr 2023; 153:2744-2752. [PMID: 37479114 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much effort has been devoted to defining healthy diets, which could lower the burden of disease and provide targets for populations. However, these target diets are far removed from current diets, so at best, the population is expected to move slowly along a trajectory. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to characterize the different possible trajectories toward a target diet and identify the most efficient one for health to point out the first dietary changes being the most urgent to implement. METHODS Using graph theory, we have developed a new method to represent in a graph all stepwise change trajectories toward a target healthy diet, with trajectories all avoiding risk of nutrient deficiency. Then, we have identified and characterized the trajectory with the highest value for long-term health. Observed male and female average diets are from the French representative survey INCA3, and target diets were set using multicriteria optimization. The best trajectories were found using the Dijkstra algorithm with the Health risk criteria based on epidemiological data. RESULTS Within ∼2.6M diets in the graphs, we found optimal trajectories that were rather similar for males and females regarding the most efficient changes in the first phase of the pathways. In particular, we found that a 1-step increase in the consumption of whole/semirefined bread (60 g) was the first step in all healthiest trajectories. In males, the subsequent decrease in red meat was immediately preceded by increases in legumes. CONCLUSIONS We show simple practical dietary changes that can be prioritized along an integral pathway that is the most efficient overall for health when transiting toward a distant healthy diet. We put forward a new method to analyze dietary strategy for public health transition and highlight the first critical steps to prioritize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Perraud
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Juhui Wang
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Alison Dussiot
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Hélène Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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2946
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Maigoro AY, Muhammad M, Bello B, Useh U, Lee S. Exploration of Gut Microbiome Research in Africa: A Scoping Review. J Med Food 2023; 26:616-623. [PMID: 37523293 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The crucial role of the gut microbiome in various diseases has led to increased interest in interventions and therapeutics targeting the human microbiome. Accordingly, the current scoping review analyzed the diseases and interventions involved in gut microbiome research in Africa. The electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched from inception to October 2021. This study identified 48 studies involving 7073 study participants. Of the 48 studies, 20 (42%) used interventions to modulate gut microbiota, whereas the remaining 28 (58%) did not. Out of the total African countries, only 13% were involved in intervention-based gut microbiome research, whereas a larger proportion of 67% were not involved in any gut microbiome research. The interventions used in gut microbiome research in Africa include supplements, natural products, educational approaches, associated pathogens, albendazole, fresh daily yogurt, iron-containing lipid-based nutrient supplements, fecal microbiota transplant, and prophylactic cotrimoxazole. This scoping review highlights the current state of gut microbiome research in Africa. The findings of this review can inform the design of future studies and interventions aimed at improving gut health in African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mubarak Muhammad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bashir Bello
- Lifestyle Diseases Research Entity, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Ushotanefe Useh
- Lifestyle Diseases Research Entity, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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2947
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Cao Y, Jin C, Zhang J, Sun H, Ma B, Yang X, Liu T, Yang K, Li Y. Diabetes burden, trends, and inequalities in western pacific region, 1990-2019: A population-based study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102852. [PMID: 37714053 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to describe the diabetes regional burden, trends, and inequalities in the Western Pacific region. METHODS The Global Burden of Disease 2019 study was used to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in diabetes in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2019. Cross-country inequalities in the DALY rates of diabetes were estimated between 1990 and 2019. RESULTS The age-standardized incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Western Pacific region increased from 2.6 to 3.8 per 100,000 population (AAPC, 0.97 [95% CI 0.84 to 1.1]) and from 174.8 to 207.3 per 100,000 population (AAPC, 0.63 [95% CI 0.48 to 0.77]) between 1990 and 2019, respectively. The most substantial increase in the incidence of T1DM and T2DM was found in the groups aged 70 years and older (AAPC, 2.38 [95% CI 2.19 to 2.58]) and 15-49 years (AAPC, 1.58 [95% CI 1.43 to 1.72]) from 1990 to 2019, respectively. Age-standardized DALYs for T1DM decreased but those for T2DM increased between 1990 and 2019. The relative concentration index of DALYs in T1DM and T2DM changed from 0.11 in 1990 to -0.08 in 2019 and from 0.03 in 1990 to -0.04 in 2019, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Over three decades, diabetes incidence in the Western Pacific region rose substantially, with inequalities among countries. The burden shifted from higher to lower sociodemographic index countries. Diabetes remains a public health challenge, especially among young populations. Urgent interventions for prevention and early detection are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenye Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Kaijie Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongze Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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2948
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Quan Y, Wang C, Wang L, Li G. Geriatric sarcopenia is associated with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:808-816. [PMID: 37594142 PMCID: PMC10497027 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to explore the potential relationship between senile sarcopenia and hypertension in older people. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, up to November 2022. Ten studies comprising 14 804 participants were enrolled. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was pooled to evaluate the correlation between sarcopenia and hypertension in older people utilizing a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were then carried out to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. The results revealed a substantial correlation between sarcopenia and hypertension among older people (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.15-1.67, p < .01). Further subgroup analysis revealed an association between sarcopenic obesity and hypertension (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.37-1.62, p < .01). In conclusions, our findings highlighted a significant relationship between sarcopenia and hypertension among older people, with sarcopenic obesity amplifying this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Quan
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular DiseasesHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular DiseasesHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Graduate School of North China University of TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina
| | - Linfeng Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular DiseasesHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Graduate School of Hebei North CollegeZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular DiseasesHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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2949
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Saporito AF, Zelikoff JT. Unmasking the hazy link between wildfire particulate air pollution and cardiopulmonary health. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:772-773. [PMID: 37455173 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
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2950
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Possidente C, Fanelli G, Serretti A, Fabbri C. Clinical insights into the cross-link between mood disorders and type 2 diabetes: A review of longitudinal studies and Mendelian randomisation analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105298. [PMID: 37391112 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Mood disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often co-occur. We reviewed the available evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies on the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder and T2DM. The clinical implications of this comorbidity on the course of either condition and the impact of antidepressants, mood stabilisers, and antidiabetic drugs were examined. Consistent evidence indicates a bidirectional association between mood disorders and T2DM. T2DM leads to more severe depression, whereas depression is associated with more complications and higher mortality in T2DM. MR studies demonstrated a causal effect of MDD on T2DM in Europeans, while a suggestive causal association in the opposite direction was found in East Asians. Antidepressants, but not lithium, were associated with a higher T2DM risk in the long-term, but confounders cannot be excluded. Some oral antidiabetics, such as pioglitazone and liraglutide, may be effective on depressive and cognitive symptoms. Studies in multi-ethnic populations, with a more careful assessment of confounders and appropriate power, would be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Possidente
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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