251
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Conroy DA, Czopp AM, Dore-Stites D, Dopp RR, Armitage R, Hoban TF, Arnedt JT. A Pilot Study on Adolescents With Depression and Insomnia: Qualitative Findings From Focus Groups. Behav Sleep Med 2017; 15:22-38. [PMID: 26645349 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1065412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonpharmacological treatments for insomnia in adolescents with depression are lacking. This qualitative study was a thematic analysis of the unique characteristics of and preferences for an insomnia treatment in a group of depressed adolescents. Fourteen adolescents with insomnia (age range = 14-19, mean = 17, SD ± 1.7; 71% female) and depression completed a 90-min focus group. Information was elicited about sleep disruptions, insomnia's impact on mood, and preferences for insomnia treatments. Themes included poor daytime functioning affecting sleep, lack of benefit from sleep medication, and bedtime rumination. Most identified sleep diaries as a barrier to treatment regardless of mode of delivery. Participants also preferred an in-person therapy. Insomnia therapy in adolescents should consider the unique characteristics of depression. Larger studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Conroy
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - A M Czopp
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - D Dore-Stites
- b Pediatric Sleep Medicine , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - R R Dopp
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - R Armitage
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - T F Hoban
- b Pediatric Sleep Medicine , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - J T Arnedt
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
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252
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Xiao B, Chen TM, Zhong Y. Possible molecular mechanism underlying cadmium-induced circadian rhythms disruption in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:201-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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253
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Huang C, Momma H, Cui Y, Chujo M, Otomo A, Sugiyama S, Ren Z, Niu K, Nagatomi R. Independent and combined relationship of habitual unhealthy eating behaviors with depressive symptoms: A prospective study. J Epidemiol 2016; 27:42-47. [PMID: 28135197 PMCID: PMC5328739 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy eating has been found to be associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms. However, prospective evidence of the combined effects of unhealthy eating and depressive symptoms has not been reported. This study aimed to elucidate the prospective relationship between habitual unhealthy eating habits and depressive symptoms. Methods A 2-year prospective cohort study of 376 Japanese adults aged 24–83 years without depressive symptoms at baseline was conducted. Information about participants' eating behaviors was obtained via a self-administered questionnaire, in which skipping breakfast, eating dinner shortly before bedtime, and snacking after dinner were recorded. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Japanese version of the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale. Results The 2-year incidence of depressive symptoms was found to be 23.7% (89/376). Covariate-adjusted multivariate Poisson regression analyses showed that habitual snacking after dinner was significantly associated with the incidence of depressive symptoms (relative risk [RR] 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–3.14, p = 0.049), whereas no relationship was found between skipping breakfast or eating dinner shortly before bedtime and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, there was an interaction effect of snacking after dinner and dinner before bedtime on depressive symptoms (p for the interaction = 0.044). Participants with more than two unhealthy eating behaviors had a higher incidence of depressive symptoms compared to those with fewer than two unhealthy eating behaviors (RR 1.71; 95% CI, 1.06–2.77, p = 0.028). Conclusions This prospective study is the first to reveal the combined relationship between unhealthy eating and the incidence of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yufei Cui
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiko Chujo
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otomo
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shota Sugiyama
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Zhongyu Ren
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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254
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Ng TH, Chung KF, Lee CT, Yeung WF, Ho FYY. Eveningness and Its Associated Impairments in Remitted Bipolar Disorder. Behav Sleep Med 2016; 14:650-64. [PMID: 26549008 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1065407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep-wake and circadian rhythm disturbances are common in remitted bipolar disorder. These disturbances include difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, daytime sleepiness, sleep irregularity, and a circadian tendency toward eveningness. To date, few studies have examined the impact of eveningness on impairments in remitted bipolar disorder. Ninety-eight adults diagnosed with bipolar disorder I, II, or not otherwise specified were evaluated. Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that eveningness was associated with greater sleep-wake disturbances, more unhealthy dietary habits, worse quality of life, more impaired interpersonal relationships, and more dysfunctional sleep-related cognitions and behaviors, controlling for age, gender, and years of education. Targeted intervention on dysfunctional sleep-related cognitions and behaviors may reverse eveningness and improve functioning in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy H Ng
- a Department of Psychiatry University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
| | - Ka-Fai Chung
- a Department of Psychiatry University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
| | - Chit-Tat Lee
- b Department of Psychiatry Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
| | - Wing-Fai Yeung
- c School of Chinese Medicine University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
| | - Fiona Y Y Ho
- d Department of Psychology University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , China
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255
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Fuller G, Raghanti MA, Dennis PM, Kuhar CW, Willis MA, Schook MW, Lukas KE. A comparison of nocturnal primate behavior in exhibits illuminated with red and blue light. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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256
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this research is to use smart home technology to assist people who are recovering from injuries or coping with disabilities to live independently. OBJECTIVE We introduce an algorithm to model and forecast wake and sleep behaviors that are exhibited by the participant. Furthermore, we propose that sleep behavior is impacted by and can be modeled from wake behavior, and vice versa. METHODS This paper describes the Behavior Forecasting (BF) algorithm. BF consists of 1) defining numeric values that reflect sleep and wake behavior, 2) forecasting wake and sleep values from past behavior, 3) analyzing the effect of wake behavior on sleep and vice versa, and 4) improving prediction performance by using both wake and sleep scores. RESULTS The BF method was evaluated with data collected from 20 smart homes. We found that regardless of the forecasting method utilized, wake behavior and sleep behavior can be modeled with a minimum accuracy of 84%. Additionally, normalizing the wake and sleep scores drastically improves the accuracy to 99%. CONCLUSIONS The results show that we can effectively model wake and sleep behaviors in a smart environment. Furthermore, wake behaviors can be predicted from sleep behaviors and vice versa.
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257
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Antúnez JM, Capella MDM, Navarro JF, Adan A. Circadian rhythmicity in substance use disorder male patients with and without comorbid depression under ambulatory and therapeutic community treatment. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1410-1421. [PMID: 27611843 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1223092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been described alterations of circadian rhythmicity both in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), the circadian characteristics of SUD patients with comorbid MDD (SUD-MDD) are unknown. Likewise, the possible influence of the different modalities of treatments (ambulatory or therapeutic community) upon the circadian rhythmicity of SUD patients has not been characterized. Therefore, this study analyzes the circadian rhythmic profiles of SUD and SUD-MDD patients under ambulatory and therapeutic community treatment. The sample was composed of 40 SUD and 40 SUD-MDD men, aged 22-55 yrs, under treatment and with abstinence for at least three months (including each group 20 ambulatory and 20 from therapeutic community). Patients completed a sociodemographic, clinical and sleep-wake schedules interview, the Composite Scale of Morningness, and wore on the wrist an ambulatory device known as iButton® Thermochron DS1921H, which registered their distal skin temperature every two minutes for 48 hours. All the groups showed a tendency to morningness without differences among them in concordance with their sleep-wake schedules. With regard to distal skin temperature circadian rhythm, SUD patients showed higher values than SUD-MDD in amplitude, relative amplitude, percentage rhythm, and first harmonic power, and lower minimum temperature in 10 consecutive hours (p < .043, in all cases). Therapeutic community group values were lower in minimum temperature and higher in amplitude, relative amplitude, and 12 harmonic accumulated power (p < .028, in all cases) as compared to ambulatory ones. Moreover, all groups showed higher Rayleigh vector and rhythm stability as compared to normative population (p < .043, in both cases). The circadian rhythmic differences observed for diagnosis and type of treatment are indicative of a higher circadian rhythmicity robustness in SUD and therapeutic community patients as compared to SUD-MDD and ambulatory ones, respectively. Although drug consumption exerts a negative effect on the circadian rhythmicity, our results (high amplitude and rhythm stability) are indicative of an adequate circadian functioning as well as of an adjustment to the light-dark cycle in both diagnosis and type of treatment which may constitute a marker of the adherence to treatment and recovery status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Antúnez
- a Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology , University of Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - María Del Mar Capella
- b Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology , School of Psychology, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - José Francisco Navarro
- a Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology , University of Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - Ana Adan
- b Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology , School of Psychology, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institute of Neurosciences , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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258
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Pathophysiology and strategic treatment of sighted non-24-h sleep–wake rhythm disorders. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-016-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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259
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Beyer KMM, Szabo A, Nattinger AB. Time Spent Outdoors, Depressive Symptoms, and Variation by Race and Ethnicity. Am J Prev Med 2016; 51:281-90. [PMID: 27320702 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have explored neighborhood environmental correlates of mental illnesses, presuming that the time individuals spend in their environment can confer benefit or harm based on environmental characteristics. However, few population-based studies have directly examined the relationship between time spent outdoors and mental health, and little work has been done to explore how experiences differ by race and ethnicity. Though some have proposed "doses of outdoor time" to improve health, the absence of information about the benefits conferred by particular "doses," and expected baseline levels of outdoor time, are needed to inform the development of recommendations and interventions. METHODS This study examined the relationship between time spent outdoors and depression among a population-based sample of American adults, characterized current levels of time spent outdoors by race and ethnicity, and examined how the relationship between time spent outdoors and depression varies by race and ethnicity. Descriptive statistics and survey regression models were used to examine data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2009-2012. RESULTS Findings provide evidence that time spent outdoors is associated with fewer depressive symptoms, but this benefit may not be equally distributed by race and ethnicity. Descriptive analyses also reveal differences in time spent outdoors among different racial and ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Study findings support the notion that increasing time spent outdoors may result in mental health benefits. However, this study questions whether that benefit is experienced equally among different groups, particularly given differences in occupational experiences and environmental characteristics of neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M M Beyer
- Division of Epidemiology and Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - Aniko Szabo
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ann B Nattinger
- Department of Medicine and Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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260
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Hori H, Koga N, Hidese S, Nagashima A, Kim Y, Higuchi T, Kunugi H. 24-h activity rhythm and sleep in depressed outpatients. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 77:27-34. [PMID: 26978182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms are key features of depression. Actigraphy, a non-invasive method for monitoring motor activity, can be used to objectively assess circadian rest-activity rhythms and sleep patterns. While recent studies have measured sleep and daytime activity of depressed patients using wrist-worn actigraphy, the actigraphic 24-h rest-activity rhythm in depression has not been well documented. We aimed to examine actigraphically measured sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms in depressed outpatients. Twenty patients with DSM-IV major depressive episode and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated in this study. Participants completed 7 consecutive days of all-day actigraphic activity monitoring while engaging in usual activities. For sleep parameters, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation index were determined. Circadian rhythms were estimated by fitting individual actigraphy data to a cosine curve of a 24-h activity rhythm using the cosinor method, which generated three circadian activity rhythm parameters, i.e., MESOR (rhythm-adjusted mean), amplitude, and acrophase. Subjective sleep was also assessed using a sleep diary and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Patients showed significantly lower MESOR and more dampened amplitude along with significant sleep disturbances. Logistic regression analysis revealed that lower MESOR and more fragmented sleep emerged as the significant predictors of depression. Correlations between subjectively and actigraphically measured parameters demonstrated the validity of actigraphic measurements. These results indicate marked disturbances in sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms of depression. By simultaneously measuring sleep and rest-activity rhythm parameters, actigraphy might serve as an objective diagnostic aid for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hori
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Adult Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.
| | - Norie Koga
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hidese
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Anna Nagashima
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kim
- Department of Adult Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
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261
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Yang J, Jin HJ, Mocaër E, Seguin L, Zhao H, Rusak B. Agomelatine affects rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons via melatonin and serotonin receptors. Life Sci 2016; 155:147-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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262
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Friedman AK, Juarez B, Ku SM, Zhang H, Calizo RC, Walsh JJ, Chaudhury D, Zhang S, Hawkins A, Dietz DM, Murrough JW, Ribadeneira M, Wong EH, Neve RL, Han MH. KCNQ channel openers reverse depressive symptoms via an active resilience mechanism. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11671. [PMID: 27216573 PMCID: PMC4890180 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Less than half of patients suffering from major depressive disorder, a leading cause of disability worldwide, achieve remission with current antidepressants, making it imperative to develop more effective treatment. A new therapeutic direction is emerging from the increased understanding of natural resilience as an active stress-coping process. It is known that potassium (K(+)) channels in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are an active mediator of resilience. However, no druggable targets have been identified to potentiate active resilience mechanisms. In the chronic social defeat stress model of depression, we report that KCNQ-type K(+) channel openers, including FDA-approved drug retigabine (ezogabine), show antidepressant efficacy. We demonstrate that overexpression of KCNQ channels in the VTA dopaminergic neurons and either local infusion or systemic administration of retigabine normalized neuronal hyperactivity and depressive behaviours. These findings identify KCNQ as a target for conceptually novel antidepressants that function through the potentiation of active resilience mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson K Friedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Biology and Biochemistry PhD Program, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Barbara Juarez
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Stacy M Ku
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Rhodora C Calizo
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Jessica J Walsh
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Dipesh Chaudhury
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Angel Hawkins
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - David M Dietz
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - James W Murrough
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Maria Ribadeneira
- CNS Pain Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Delaware 19850, USA
| | - Erik H Wong
- CNS Pain Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Delaware 19850, USA
| | - Rachael L Neve
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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263
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Krystal AD, Zammit G. The sleep effects of lurasidone: a placebo-controlled cross-over study using a 4-h phase-advance model of transient insomnia. Hum Psychopharmacol 2016; 31:206-16. [PMID: 27108672 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lurasidone, an atypical antipsychotic, is a potent 5-HT7 antagonist and D2 , 5-HT2A antagonist, and 5-HT1A partial agonist. As such, lurasidone would be expected to modulate sleep and circadian function but there have been no human studies of the sleep effects of a 5-HT7 antagonist. The purpose of this study was to assess effects of lurasidone on sleep. METHODS This was a cross-over, polysomnographic study involving 54 healthy volunteers who underwent two treatment periods (order randomized) each consisting of two nights in the laboratory: Night 1-lights out at usual bedtime; Night 2-4-h advance of sleep phase and randomization to either lurasidone 40 mg or placebo. The next morning impairment testing was carried out. RESULTS Lurasidone significantly (p < 0.05) increased total sleep time by an average of 28.4 min versus placebo, decreased wake time after sleep onset and wake time after the final awakening, and increased sleep efficiency. No other effects were found. CONCLUSIONS Lurasidone had a sleep maintenance effect without effects on sleep onset, rapid eye movement, or slow-wave sleep. Lurasidone is likely to be beneficial to patients with disturbed sleep, particularly those with sleep maintenance problems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary Zammit
- Clinilabs and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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264
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Agudelo C, Aizenstein HJ, Karp JF, Reynolds CF. Applications of magnetic resonance imaging for treatment-resistant late-life depression. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2016. [PMID: 26246790 PMCID: PMC4518699 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2015.17.2/cagudelo] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is a growing public and global health concern with diverse clinical manifestations and etiology. This literature review summarizes neuroimaging findings associated with depression in older adults and treatment-response variability. LLD has been associated with cerebral atrophy, diminished myelin integrity, and cerebral lesions in frontostriatal-limbic regions. These associations help explain the depression-executive dysfunction syndrome observed in LLD, and support cerebrovascular burden as a pathogenic mechanism. Furthermore, this review suggests that neuroimaging determinants of treatment resistance also reflect cerebrovascular burden. Of the theoretical etiologies of LLD, cerebrovascular burden may mediate treatment resistance. This review proposes that neuroimaging has the potential for clinical translation. Controlled trials may identify neuroimaging biomarkers that may inform treatment by identifying depressed adults likely to remit with pharmacotherapy, identifying individualized therapeutic dose, and facilitating earlier treatment response measures. Neuroimaging also has the potential to similarly inform treatment response variability from treatment with aripiprazole (dopamine modulator) and buprenorphine (opiate modulator).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agudelo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Howard J Aizenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jordan F Karp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles F Reynolds
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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265
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Dogra S, Sona C, Kumar A, Yadav PN. Epigenetic regulation of G protein coupled receptor signaling and its implications in psychiatric disorders. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:226-39. [PMID: 27046448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) act as a relay center through which extracellular signals, in the form of neurotransmitters or therapeutics, are converted into an intracellular response, which ultimately shapes the overall response at the tissue and behavioral level. Remarkably in similar ways, epigenetic mechanisms also modulate the expression pattern of a large number of genes in response to the dynamic environment inside and outside of the body, and consequently overall response. Emerging evidences from the pharmacogenomics and preclinical studies clearly suggest that these two distinct mechanisms criss-cross each other in several neurological disorders. At one hand such cross-talks between two distinct mechanisms make disease etiology more challenging to understand, while on the other hand if dealt appropriately, such situations might provide an opportunity to find novel druggable target and strategy for the treatment of complex diseases. In this review article, we have summarized and highlighted the main findings that tie epigenetic mechanisms to GPCR mediated signaling in the pathophysiology of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including depression, addiction and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dogra
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP 226031, India
| | - Chandan Sona
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP 226031, India
| | - Ajeet Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP 226031, India
| | - Prem N Yadav
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP 226031, India.
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266
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Inder ML, Crowe MT, Porter R. Effect of transmeridian travel and jetlag on mood disorders: evidence and implications. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2016; 50:220-7. [PMID: 26268923 DOI: 10.1177/0004867415598844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the sensitivity of individuals with mood disorders to circadian disruption, transmeridian travel would likely be a high-risk endeavour leading to onset or relapses in mood. A systematic review was undertaken to identify the evidence of the impact of transmeridian travel on people with mood disorders. METHODS Databases search included the following: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and manual searching using the keywords jetlag, transmeridian travel, circadian rhythm disruption, mood disorder, bipolar, major depression, seasonal affective disorder, depression, mania and hypomania. RESULTS Only three studies were identified that related to transmeridian travel and jetlag in people with mood disorders. There is some suggestion that transmeridian travel does appear to precipitate mood episodes with an increased rate of episodes of depression with westward compared with an increased rate of manic/hypomanic episodes with eastward travel. Individuals with a previous history of mood disorder appear to be more vulnerable if adherence to medication is compromised. CONCLUSION Given the limited evidence that transmeridian travel precipitates mood episodes, this poses difficulties in identifying suitable ways to mitigate the effects of transmeridian travel in mood disorders. However, in the absence of mood-specific guidelines, some guidance can be given based on our current understanding of the relevance of circadian disruption to both jetlag and mood disorders. Further research is required to identify more focused strategies to mitigate the impact of transmeridian travel for individuals with mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree L Inder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Marie T Crowe
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard Porter
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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267
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Hu Y, Shmygelska A, Tran D, Eriksson N, Tung JY, Hinds DA. GWAS of 89,283 individuals identifies genetic variants associated with self-reporting of being a morning person. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10448. [PMID: 26835600 PMCID: PMC4740817 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are a nearly universal feature of living organisms and affect almost every biological process. Our innate preference for mornings or evenings is determined by the phase of our circadian rhythms. We conduct a genome-wide association analysis of self-reported morningness, followed by analyses of biological pathways and related phenotypes. We identify 15 significantly associated loci, including seven near established circadian genes (rs12736689 near RGS16, P=7.0 × 10−18; rs9479402 near VIP, P=3.9 × 10−11; rs55694368 near PER2, P=2.6 × 10−9; rs35833281 near HCRTR2, P=3.7 × 10−9; rs11545787 near RASD1, P=1.4 × 10−8; rs11121022 near PER3, P=2.0 × 10−8; rs9565309 near FBXL3, P=3.5 × 10−8. Circadian and phototransduction pathways are enriched in our results. Morningness is associated with insomnia and other sleep phenotypes; and is associated with body mass index and depression but we did not find evidence for a causal relationship in our Mendelian randomization analysis. Our findings reinforce current understanding of circadian biology and will guide future studies. Circadian rhythms and related behaviours vary across individuals. Here, a large genome-wide association study reveals common single nucleotide variants influencing whether an individual reports as being a ‘morning person' by identifying 15 significant loci, including 7 near known circadian genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youna Hu
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA
| | - Alena Shmygelska
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA
| | - David Tran
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California 95112 USA
| | - Nicholas Eriksson
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA
| | - Joyce Y Tung
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA
| | - David A Hinds
- 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043 USA
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268
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Lee SY, Hsu HC. Genetic Susceptibility and Sleep Disturbance in Black Mothers of Preterm Infants: An Exploratory Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/2377960816643326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5HT) is involved in emotion and sleep regulation and the 5HT transporter (5HTT) regulates 5HT function. A common 44-base pair deletion (short allele) or insertion (long allele) polymorphism in the promoter region of 5HTT (5-HTTLPR) is differentially associated with 5HTT transcription efficiency. Under stressful conditions, the short allele of 5-HTTLPR has been associated with depression and sleep disturbance. Black women are at higher risk for preterm labor and depressive symptoms. Thus, this exploratory study aimed to examine whether depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance in Black mothers would vary as a function of the 5-HTTLPR genotype when they faced the stress of infant hospitalization after preterm birth at early postpartum. A total of 30 Black mothers filled out a battery of questionnaires, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and General Sleep Disturbance Scale. A wrist actigraph was used to assess total sleep time and circadian activity rhythms. Buccal cells from saliva were collected to test the 5-HTTLPR genotype. Results showed that about 38% of the mothers were heterozygous for the short (S/L) allele, and 62% were homozygous for the long (L/L) allele. Mothers’ perceived global stress, depressive symptoms, and circadian activity rhythms did not vary with their 5-HTTLPR genotypes. Unexpectedly, mothers with the L/L allele reported greater sleep disturbances than those with the S/L allele. Ethnic specificity in genetic susceptibility to stress was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yu Lee
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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269
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Forkhead box O transcription factors as possible mediators in the development of major depression. Neuropharmacology 2015; 99:527-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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270
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Simpson W, Frey BN, Steiner M. Mild Depressive Symptoms During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Are Associated with Disruptions in Daily Rhythms but Not Subjective Sleep Quality. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2015; 25:594-8. [PMID: 26544506 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2015.5404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research in major depressive disorder suggests that dysregulation of the circadian system may be a core pathophysiological component. In pregnancy, women often experience significant disruptions in their daily rhythms, including changes in day-to-day schedule and sleep habits. Current evidence suggests that these disruptions in daily rhythms may adversely affect underlying circadian rhythmicity. The purpose of our study was to examine whether subjectively rated daily rhythm disruptions were associated with a greater incidence of depressive symptoms during the third trimester. METHOD Our study was a cross-sectional design, assessing sleep quality, symptoms of depression, and daily rhythm disruptions in 51 pregnant women in their third trimester. RESULTS We observed a significant relationship between mild depressive symptoms and disruptions in daily rhythms. While we initially observed a strong correlation between subjective sleep quality and depressive symptoms, this was attenuated after accounting for daily rhythm disruptions. Disruptions in daily social rhythms, eating patterns, and general activity were all significantly associated with depressive symptomatology. CONCLUSION Our findings point to a strong correlation between daily rhythm disruptions and prenatal depressive symptoms. Given that these daily rhythms are known to act as zeitgebers, longitudinal studies examining the directionality of this relationship between circadian rhythms and depressive symptoms during pregnancy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Simpson
- 1 McMaster Integrated Neuroscience Discovery and Study (MiNDS), McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,3 Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- 1 McMaster Integrated Neuroscience Discovery and Study (MiNDS), McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,3 Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meir Steiner
- 1 McMaster Integrated Neuroscience Discovery and Study (MiNDS), McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,3 Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,4 Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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271
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Hines DJ, Haydon PG. Astrocytic adenosine: from synapses to psychiatric disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130594. [PMID: 25225088 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is considered to be the most complex organ in the body, the brain can be broadly classified into two major types of cells, neuronal cells and glial cells. Glia is a general term that encompasses multiple types of non-neuronal cells that function to maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons. Astrocytes, a major class of glial cell, have historically been viewed as passive support cells, but recently it has been discovered that astrocytes participate in signalling activities both with the vasculature and with neurons at the synapse. These cells have been shown to release D-serine, TNF-α, glutamate, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and ATP among other signalling molecules. ATP and its metabolites are well established as important signalling molecules, and astrocytes represent a major source of ATP release in the nervous system. Novel molecular and genetic tools have recently shown that astrocytic release of ATP and other signalling molecules has a major impact on synaptic transmission. Via actions at the synapse, astrocytes have now been shown to regulate complex network signalling in the whole organism with impacts on respiration and the sleep-wake cycle. In addition, new roles for astrocytes are being uncovered in psychiatric disorders, and astrocyte signalling mechanisms represents an attractive target for novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin J Hines
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Philip G Haydon
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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272
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Pellman BA, Kim E, Reilly M, Kashima J, Motch O, de la Iglesia HO, Kim JJ. Time-Specific Fear Acts as a Non-Photic Entraining Stimulus of Circadian Rhythms in Rats. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14916. [PMID: 26468624 PMCID: PMC4606733 DOI: 10.1038/srep14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtually all animals have endogenous clock mechanisms that "entrain" to the light-dark (LD) cycle and synchronize psychophysiological functions to optimal times for exploring resources and avoiding dangers in the environment. Such circadian rhythms are vital to human mental health, but it is unknown whether circadian rhythms "entrained" to the LD cycle can be overridden by entrainment to daily recurring threats. We show that unsignaled nocturnal footshock caused rats living in an "ethological" apparatus to switch their natural foraging behavior from the dark to the light phase and that this switch was maintained as a free-running circadian rhythm upon removal of light cues and footshocks. Furthermore, this fear-entrained circadian behavior was dependent on an intact amygdala and suprachiasmatic nucleus. Thus, time-specific fear can act as a non-photic entraining stimulus for the circadian system, and limbic centers encoding aversive information are likely part of the circadian oscillator network that temporally organizes behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A. Pellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
| | - Earnest Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
| | - Melissa Reilly
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
| | - James Kashima
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
| | - Oleksiy Motch
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
| | - Horacio O. de la Iglesia
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Jeansok J. Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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273
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Maglione JE, Nievergelt CM, Parimi N, Evans DS, Ancoli-Israel S, Stone KL, Yaffe K, Redline S, Tranah GJ. Associations of PER3 and RORA Circadian Gene Polymorphisms and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2015; 23:1075-87. [PMID: 25892098 PMCID: PMC4568170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms are common in older adults and associated with poor outcomes. Although circadian genes have been implicated in depression, the relationship between circadian genes and depressive symptoms in older adults is unclear. METHODS A cross-sectional genetic association study of 529 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing 30 candidate circadian genes was performed in two population-based cohorts: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS; N=270, age: 76.58±5.61 years) and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) in women (N=1740, 84.05±3.53 years) and a meta-analysis was performed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale categorizing participants as having none-few symptoms (0-2), some depressive symptoms (>2 to <6), or many depressive symptoms (≥6). RESULTS We found associations meeting multiple testing criteria for significance between the PER3 intronic SNP rs12137927 and decreased odds of reporting "some depressive symptoms" in the SOF sample (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48-0.78, df=1, Wald χ2=-4.04, p=0.000054) and the meta-analysis (OR: 0.61, CI: 0.48-0.78, z=-4.04, p=0.000054) and between the PER3 intronic SNPs rs228644 (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.63-0.86, z=3.82, p=0.00013) and rs228682 (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.86-0.63, z=3.81, p=0.00014) and decreased odds of reporting "some depressive symptoms" in the meta-analysis compared to endorsing none-few depressive symptoms. The RORA intronic SNP rs11632098 was associated with greater odds of reporting "many depressive symptoms" (OR: 2.16, CI: 1.45-3.23, df=1, Wald χ2=3.76, p=0.000168) in the men. In the meta-analysis the association was attenuated and nominally significant (OR: 1.63, CI: 1.24-2.16, z=3.45, p=0.00056). CONCLUSION PER3 and RORA may play important roles in the development of depressive symptoms in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne E. Maglione
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Neeta Parimi
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Daniel S. Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Katie L. Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Susan Redline
- Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gregory J. Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
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274
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Differential effect of depression versus thermoregulation in postmenopausal sleep disturbance. Menopause 2015; 22:1032-4. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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275
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Fares S, Hermens DF, Naismith SL, White D, Hickie IB, Robillard R. Clinical correlates of chronotypes in young persons with mental disorders. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:1183-91. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1078346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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276
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Biddle DJ, Robillard R, Hermens DF, Hickie IB, Glozier N. Accuracy of self-reported sleep parameters compared with actigraphy in young people with mental ill-health. Sleep Health 2015; 1:214-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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277
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Luik AI, Zuurbier LA, Direk N, Hofman A, Van Someren EJW, Tiemeier H. 24-HOUR ACTIVITY RHYTHM AND SLEEP DISTURBANCES IN DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER PERSONS. Depress Anxiety 2015; 32:684-92. [PMID: 25693731 DOI: 10.1002/da.22355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbed circadian rhythms have been associated with depression and anxiety, but it is unclear if disturbances in the 24-hr activity rhythm and sleep are independently and specifically related to these disorders. METHODS In 1,714 middle-aged and elderly participants of the Rotterdam Study, we collected actigraphy recordings of at least 96 hr (138 ± 14 hr, mean ± standard deviation). Activity rhythms were quantified calculating the fragmentation of the rhythm, stability of the rhythm over days, and timing of the rhythm. Total sleep time, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset were also estimated with actigraphy. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, persons with clinically relevant depressive symptoms were interviewed to diagnose DSM-IV-depressive disorder. Anxiety disorders were determined with the Munich version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS More fragmented rhythms were associated with clinically relevant depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR): 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04;1.54) and anxiety disorders (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.14;1.70) after covariate adjustment. Less stable rhythms, longer sleep onset latency, and more wake after sleep onset were related to clinically relevant depressive symptoms or anxiety disorders only if not adjusted for covariates and other activity rhythm and sleep indicators. CONCLUSIONS Our study in middle-aged and elderly persons suggests that fragmentation of the 24-hr activity rhythm is associated with depression and anxiety. Moreover, this association also largely accounts for the effect of disturbed sleep on these psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette A Zuurbier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neşe Direk
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Departments of Integrative Neurophysiology and Medical Psychology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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278
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Sung CW, Chen KY, Chiang YH, Chiu WT, Ou JC, Lee HC, Tsai SH, Lin JW, Yang CM, Tsai YR, Liao KH, Chen GS, Li WJ, Wang JY. Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:1629-1638. [PMID: 26350409 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients who have experienced a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are susceptible to symptoms of anxiety or depression. To explore the potential biomarkers for emotional disorders in mTBI patients, we analyzed the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV) and serum concentrations of four neurohormones. METHODS We assessed mTBI patients on their first visit and follow-up. Symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melatonin, cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and HRV follow-ups were measured and compared. RESULTS mTBI patients were more vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety or depression than healthy controls. Reduced HRV was noted in mTBI patients compared to healthy controls. The mTBI patients demonstrated higher serum levels of ACTH, lower IGF-1 compared to healthy controls. In correlation analysis, only IGF-1 was positively correlated with HRV in mTBI patients. Both HRV and IGF-1 were correlated with symptom of depression while only HRV was correlated with symptom of anxiety in mTBI patients. CONCLUSIONS We infer that HRV may be more significantly correlated with emotional disorders than is IGF-1 in mTBI patients. SIGNIFICANCE The study is relevant for specific diagnostic markers in mTBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Sung
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yun Chen
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ta Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Injury and Prevention, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chi Ou
- Department of Emergency, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chien Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Han Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Injury and Prevention, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ming Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Rou Tsai
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Gunng-Shinng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiun Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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279
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Erburu M, Cajaleon L, Guruceaga E, Venzala E, Muñoz-Cobo I, Beltrán E, Puerta E, Tordera R. Chronic mild stress and imipramine treatment elicit opposite changes in behavior and in gene expression in the mouse prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 135:227-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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280
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Abstract
Patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) may risk disruption of their circadian rhythm. In an intervention research project a cycled lighting system was set up in an ICU room to support patients' circadian rhythm. Part I aimed to compare experiences of the lighting environment in two rooms with different lighting environments by lighting experiences questionnaire. The results indicated differences in advantage for the patients in the intervention room (n=48), in perception of daytime brightness (p=0.004). In nighttime, greater lighting variation (p=0.005) was found in the ordinary room (n=52). Part II aimed to describe experiences of lighting in the room equipped with the cycled lighting environment. Patients (n=19) were interviewed and the results were presented in categories: "A dynamic lighting environment", "Impact of lighting on patients' sleep", "The impact of lighting/lights on circadian rhythm" and "The lighting calms". Most had experiences from sleep disorders and half had nightmares/sights and circadian rhythm disruption. Nearly all were pleased with the cycled lighting environment, which together with daylight supported their circadian rhythm. In night's actual lighting levels helped patients and staff to connect which engendered feelings of calm.
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281
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Jing LL, Zhu XX, Lv ZP, Sun XG. Effect of Xiaoyaosan on major depressive disorder. Chin Med 2015; 10:18. [PMID: 26191079 PMCID: PMC4506593 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-015-0050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and to review the studies on antidepressant mechanisms of XYS. Methods The China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (1998–2014), VIP Journal Integration Platform (1989–2009), and PubMed (1950–2014) were used to search for and collect scientific publications related to XYS and MDD. Clinical trials for “MDD” and “xiaoyao” were screened. Papers that used the original prescription of XYS for treatment and in combination with Western medicines were included, while papers describing modified XYS were excluded. Four investigators read and screened the resulting publications independently, evaluated the associated scientific results and evidence. Results There were no conclusive results to support the efficacy of XYS for treatment of MDD, owing to limited sample sizes, flaws in blinding and randomization, and lack of multi-centered clinical trials. Among the experimental studies on the effects of XYS possible involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function, and neuroinflammation were possibly involved demonstrated. Conclusions The effectiveness of XYS for treatment of MDD is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Jing
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515 China
| | - Zhi-Ping Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515 China
| | - Xue-Gang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515 China ; Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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282
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Moulton CD, Pickup JC, Ismail K. The link between depression and diabetes: the search for shared mechanisms. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3:461-471. [PMID: 25995124 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression is twice as common in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes as in the general population, and is associated with poor outcomes. Evidence is growing that depression and type 2 diabetes share biological origins, particularly overactivation of innate immunity leading to a cytokine-mediated inflammatory response, and potentially through dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Throughout the life course, these pathways can lead to insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, depression, increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and increased mortality. Proinflammatory cytokines might directly affect the brain, causing depressive symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, mediators of depression are not well studied, with research hindered by inconsistent definitions of depression and scarcity of observational, mechanistic, and interventional research along the life course. Despite few studies, evidence suggests that familial relationships and burden of a lifelong disorder with an onset early in personality development might contribute to increased vulnerability to depression. Overall, longitudinal research is needed to identify risk factors and mechanisms for depression in patients with diabetes, particularly early in the life course. Ultimately, improved understanding of shared origins of depression and diabetes could provide the potential to treat and improve outcomes of both disorders simultaneously. These shared origins are targets for primary prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum D Moulton
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - John C Pickup
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
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283
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Gałecki P, Talarowska M, Anderson G, Berk M, Maes M. Mechanisms underlying neurocognitive dysfunctions in recurrent major depression. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1535-47. [PMID: 26017336 PMCID: PMC4459569 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent work shows that depression is intimately associated with changes in cognitive functioning, including memory, attention, verbal fluency, and other aspects of higher-order cognitive processing. Changes in cognitive functioning are more likely to occur when depressive episodes are recurrent and to abate to some degree during periods of remission. However, with accumulating frequency and duration of depressive episodes, cognitive deficits can become enduring, being evident even when mood improves. Such changes in cognitive functioning give depression links to mild cognitive impairment and thereby with neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, and multiple sclerosis. Depression may then be conceptualized on a dimension of depression – mild cognitive impairment – dementia. The biological underpinnings of depression have substantial overlaps with those of neurodegenerative conditions, including reduced neurogenesis, increased apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, tryptophan catabolites, autoimmunity, and immune-inflammatory processes, as well as decreased antioxidant defenses. These evolving changes over the course of depressive episodes drive the association of depression with neurodegenerative conditions. As such, the changes in cognitive functioning in depression have important consequences for the treatment of depression and in reconceptualizing the role of depression in wider neuroprogressive conditions. Here we review the data on changes in cognitive functioning in recurrent major depression and their association with other central conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Talarowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Michael Berk
- Orygen Research Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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284
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Liu JJ, Sudic Hukic D, Forsell Y, Schalling M, Ösby U, Lavebratt C. Depression-associated ARNTL and PER2 genetic variants in psychotic disorders. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:579-84. [PMID: 25799324 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1012588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disturbances overlap between psychotic disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, and major depression. We hypothesized that circadian gene variants previously associated with unipolar depression would be overrepresented also in patients with psychotic disorder. Six genetic polymorphisms in ARNTL, PER2 and CRY2 were genotyped in 566 schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients and 926 controls. The rs2290036-C variant of ARNTL was over-represented in psychosis patients, and the variants rs934945-G and rs10462023-G of PER2 were associated with a more severe psychotic disorder. The directions of these genetic associations were in line with those previously identified for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia J Liu
- School of Nursing, Shandong University , Jinan , China
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285
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Suicidal behavior in the context of disrupted rhythmicity in bipolar disorder--data from an association study of suicide attempts with clock genes. Psychiatry Res 2015; 226:517-20. [PMID: 25724486 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behavior exhibits both circadian and annual rhythms. We were seeking an association between selected candidate clock genes and suicidal behavior in bipolar patients. The study included 441 bipolar patients and 422 controls and we genotyped 41 SNPs of the CLOCK, ARNTL, TIMELESS, PER3 genes. The main positive findings built up associations between selected polymorphisms and.
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286
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Development and Validation of the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ) and Assessment of Sleep Inertia in Analogue and Clinical Depression. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015; 39:601-612. [PMID: 26451063 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-015-9686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sleep inertia is the transitional state from sleep to wake. Research on sleep inertia is important in depression because many people with depression report having difficulty getting out of bed, which contributes to impairment and can impede the implementation of interventions. The first aim was to develop and validate the first self-report measure of sleep inertia, the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ). The second aim was to compare reports of sleep inertia across three groups: (1) No-to-Mild-Depression, (2) Analogue-Depression, and (3) Syndromal-Depression. The SIQ demonstrates strong psychometric properties; it has good to excellent internal consistency, strong construct validity, and SIQ severity is associated with less prior sleep duration. Sleep inertia is more severe in the Analogue-Depression and Syndromal-Depression groups compared to the No-to-Mild-Depression group. In conclusion, the SIQ is a reliable measure of sleep inertia and has potential for improving the assessment of sleep inertia in clinical and research settings.
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287
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Reichert M, Lutz A, Deuschle M, Gilles M, Hill H, Limberger MF, Ebner-Priemer UW. Improving motor activity assessment in depression: which sensor placement, analytic strategy and diurnal time frame are most powerful in distinguishing patients from controls and monitoring treatment effects. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124231. [PMID: 25885258 PMCID: PMC4401688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in motor activity represent a central feature in major depressive disorder. However, measurement issues are poorly understood, limiting the use of objective measurement of motor activity for diagnostics and treatment monitoring. METHODS To improve measurement issues, especially sensor placement, analytic strategies and diurnal effects, we assessed motor activity in depressed patients at the beginning (MD; n=27) and after anti-depressive treatment (MD-post; n=18) as well as in healthy controls (HC; n=16) using wrist- and chest-worn accelerometers. We performed multiple analyses regarding sensor placements, extracted features, diurnal variation, motion patterns and posture to clarify which parameters are most powerful in distinguishing patients from controls and monitoring treatment effects. RESULTS Whereas most feature-placement combinations revealed significant differences between groups, acceleration (wrist) distinguished MD from HC (d=1.39) best. Frequency (vertical axis chest) additionally differentiated groups in a logistic regression model (R2=0.54). Accordingly, both amplitude (d=1.16) and frequency (d=1.04) showed alterations, indicating reduced and decelerated motor activity. Differences between MD and HC in gestures (d=0.97) and walking (d=1.53) were found by data analysis from the wrist sensor. Comparison of motor activity at the beginning and after MD-treatment largely confirms our findings. LIMITATIONS Sample size was small, but sufficient for the given effect sizes. Comparison of depressed in-patients with non-hospitalized controls might have limited motor activity differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of wrist-acceleration can be recommended as a basic technique to capture motor activity in depressed patients as it records whole body movement and gestures. Detailed analyses showed differences in amplitude and frequency denoting that depressed patients walked less and slower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reichert
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Lutz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Michael Deuschle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Maria Gilles
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Holger Hill
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Matthias F. Limberger
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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288
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Urrila AS, Paunio T, Palomäki E, Marttunen M. Sleep in adolescent depression: physiological perspectives. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:758-77. [PMID: 25561272 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression and disturbed sleep are intimately and bidirectionally related. During adolescence, the incidence of both insomnia and major depression increases simultaneously, in a gender-specific manner. The majority of depressed adolescents suffer from different types of subjective sleep complaints. Despite these complaints, the results from polysomnographic studies in depressed adolescents remain inconsistent. In general, similar features to those seen among adults with depressive disorder (e.g. abnormalities in rapid eye movement sleep and difficulties in sleep onset) have been reported, but expressed to a lesser degree. The inconsistency in findings may be linked with maturational factors, factors related to the stage of illness and greater heterogeneity in the clinical spectrum of depression among adolescents. The exact neurobiological mechanisms by which sleep alterations and depression are linked during adolescence are not fully understood. Aberrations in brain maturation, expressed at different levels of organization, for example gene expression, neurotransmitter and hormone metabolism, and activity of neuronal networks have been suggested. The circadian systems may change in adolescent depression beyond that observed during healthy adolescent development (i.e. beyond the typical circadian shift towards eveningness). A number of therapeutic approaches to alleviate sleep disruption associated with depression have been proposed, but research on the efficacy of these interventions in adolescents is lacking. Knowledge of the neurobiological links between sleep and depression during adolescence could lead to new insights into effective prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Urrila
- Department of Health, Mental Health Unit; National Institute for Health and Welfare; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Paunio
- Department of Health, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit; National Institute for Health and Welfare; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - E. Palomäki
- Department of Physiology; Institute of Biomedicine; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - M. Marttunen
- Department of Health, Mental Health Unit; National Institute for Health and Welfare; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
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289
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Hutchison AL, Maienschein-Cline M, Chiang AH, Tabei SMA, Gudjonson H, Bahroos N, Allada R, Dinner AR. Improved statistical methods enable greater sensitivity in rhythm detection for genome-wide data. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004094. [PMID: 25793520 PMCID: PMC4368642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust methods for identifying patterns of expression in genome-wide data are important for generating hypotheses regarding gene function. To this end, several analytic methods have been developed for detecting periodic patterns. We improve one such method, JTK_CYCLE, by explicitly calculating the null distribution such that it accounts for multiple hypothesis testing and by including non-sinusoidal reference waveforms. We term this method empirical JTK_CYCLE with asymmetry search, and we compare its performance to JTK_CYCLE with Bonferroni and Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis testing correction, as well as to five other methods: cyclohedron test, address reduction, stable persistence, ANOVA, and F24. We find that ANOVA, F24, and JTK_CYCLE consistently outperform the other three methods when data are limited and noisy; empirical JTK_CYCLE with asymmetry search gives the greatest sensitivity while controlling for the false discovery rate. Our analysis also provides insight into experimental design and we find that, for a fixed number of samples, better sensitivity and specificity are achieved with higher numbers of replicates than with higher sampling density. Application of the methods to detecting circadian rhythms in a metadataset of microarrays that quantify time-dependent gene expression in whole heads of Drosophila melanogaster reveals annotations that are enriched among genes with highly asymmetric waveforms. These include a wide range of oxidation reduction and metabolic genes, as well as genes with transcripts that have multiple splice forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L. Hutchison
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Graduate Program in the Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mark Maienschein-Cline
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew H. Chiang
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - S. M. Ali Tabei
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Herman Gudjonson
- Graduate Program in the Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Neil Bahroos
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ravi Allada
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Aaron R. Dinner
- Graduate Program in the Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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290
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Luik AI, Direk N, Zuurbier LA, Hofman A, Van Someren EJW, Tiemeier H. Sleep and 24-h activity rhythms in relation to cortisol change after a very low-dose of dexamethasone. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 53:207-16. [PMID: 25635613 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays an important role in sleep. Nevertheless, the association of sleep and its 24-h organization with negative feedback control of the HPA axis has received limited attention in population-based studies. We explored this association in 493 middle-aged persons of the Rotterdam Study, a large population-based study (mean age 56 years, standard deviation: 5.3 years; 57% female). The negative feedback of the HPA axis was measured as the change in morning saliva cortisol after the intake of 0.25mg dexamethasone the night before. Actigraphy allowed us to measure the stability and fragmentation of the activity rhythm and to estimate total sleep time, sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset. A sleep diary kept during the week of actigraphy was used to assess self-reported total sleep time, sleep onset latency, number of awakenings and perceived sleep quality. In our study, enhanced negative feedback of the HPA axis was found in association with unstable activity rhythms (B=0.106, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.002; 0.210), total sleep time (B=0.108, 95%CI: 0.001; 0.215) and poor subjective sleep quality (B=0.107, 95%CI: 0.009; 0.206) after multivariate adjustment. These results indicated that the 24-h organization, duration and experience of sleep are all associated with the negative feedback control of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neşe Direk
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette A Zuurbier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Netherlands Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Integrative Neurophysiology and Medical Psychology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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291
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Bunney BG, Li JZ, Walsh DM, Stein R, Vawter MP, Cartagena P, Barchas JD, Schatzberg AF, Myers RM, Watson SJ, Akil H, Bunney WE. Circadian dysregulation of clock genes: clues to rapid treatments in major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:48-55. [PMID: 25349171 PMCID: PMC4765913 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Conventional antidepressants require 2-8 weeks for a full clinical response. In contrast, two rapidly acting antidepressant interventions, low-dose ketamine and sleep deprivation (SD) therapy, act within hours to robustly decrease depressive symptoms in a subgroup of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Evidence that MDD may be a circadian-related illness is based, in part, on a large set of clinical data showing that diurnal rhythmicity (sleep, temperature, mood and hormone secretion) is altered during depressive episodes. In a microarray study, we observed widespread changes in cyclic gene expression in six regions of postmortem brain tissue of depressed patients matched with controls for time-of-death (TOD). We screened 12 000 transcripts and observed that the core clock genes, essential for controlling virtually all rhythms in the body, showed robust 24-h sinusoidal expression patterns in six brain regions in control subjects. In MDD patients matched for TOD with controls, the expression patterns of the clock genes in brain were significantly dysregulated. Some of the most robust changes were seen in anterior cingulate (ACC). These findings suggest that in addition to structural abnormalities, lesion studies, and the large body of functional brain imaging studies reporting increased activation in the ACC of depressed patients who respond to a wide range of therapies, there may be a circadian dysregulation in clock gene expression in a subgroup of MDDs. Here, we review human, animal and neuronal cell culture data suggesting that both low-dose ketamine and SD can modulate circadian rhythms. We hypothesize that the rapid antidepressant actions of ketamine and SD may act, in part, to reset abnormal clock genes in MDD to restore and stabilize circadian rhythmicity. Conversely, clinical relapse may reflect a desynchronization of the clock, indicative of a reactivation of abnormal clock gene function. Future work could involve identifying specific small molecules capable of resetting and stabilizing clock genes to evaluate if they can rapidly relieve symptoms and sustain improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- BG Bunney
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - JZ Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - DM Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - R Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - MP Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - P Cartagena
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - JD Barchas
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - AF Schatzberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - RM Myers
- HudsonAlpha, Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - SJ Watson
- Department of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Akil
- Department of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - WE Bunney
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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292
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New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings. Neurosci Bull 2015; 31:61-74. [PMID: 25575479 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-014-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and devastating psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent low mood, cognitive disorder, and impaired social function. Despite its complex mechanisms, increasing evidence has identified the involvement of neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of this illness. The present review synthesizes recent research achievements to define the network between different hypotheses of MDD and to understand which part is most pivotal for its pathogenesis. By integrating MDD-related signal pathways, we highlight brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dysfunction and increased apoptosis as the final common cascades, and new therapeutic strategies aiming to enhance BDNF function have been shown to exert a rapid and effective antidepressant action.
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293
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Short-term effects of electroconvulsive therapy on subjective and actigraphy-assessed sleep parameters in severely depressed inpatients. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2015; 2015:764649. [PMID: 25632352 PMCID: PMC4302347 DOI: 10.1155/2015/764649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background. Sleep disturbances are a key feature of major depression. Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) may improve polysomnography-assessed sleep characteristics, but its short-term effects on actigraphy-assessed and subjective sleep characteristics are unknown. We therefore aimed to assess the effects of ECT on subjective and objective sleep parameters in a proof-of-principle study. Methods. We assessed subjective and objective sleep parameters in 12 severely depressed patients up to 5 consecutive days during their ECT course, corresponding to a total of 43 nights (including 19 ECT sessions). The 12 patients were 83% female and on average 62 (standard deviation (SD) 14) years old and had an average MADRS score of 40 at baseline (SD 21). Results. Subjective and objective sleep parameters were not directly affected by ECT. The subjective sleep efficiency parameter was similar on the day after ECT and other days. ECT did not affect the number of errors in the Sustained Attention to Response Task. Patients subjectively underestimated their total sleep time by 1.4 hours (P < 0.001) compared to actigraphy-assessed sleep duration. Conclusion. ECT did not affect subjective and actigraphy-assessed sleep in the short term. Depressed patients profoundly underestimated their sleep duration.
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294
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Naismith SL, Lagopoulos J, Hermens DF, White D, Duffy SL, Robillard R, Scott EM, Hickie IB. Delayed circadian phase is linked to glutamatergic functions in young people with affective disorders: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:345. [PMID: 25496061 PMCID: PMC4276104 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-014-0345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the association between affective disorders and sleep and circadian disturbance is well established, little is known about the neurobiology underpinning these relationships. In this study, we sought to determine the relationship between a marker of circadian rhythm and neuronal integrity (N-Acetyl Aspartate, NAA), oxidative stress (glutathione, GSH) and neuronal-glial dysfunction (Glutamate + Glutamine, Glx). METHODS Fifty-three young adults (age range 15-33 years, mean = 21.8, sd = 4.3) with emerging affective disorders were recruited from a specialized tertiary referral service. Participants underwent clinical assessment and actigraphy monitoring, from which sleep midpoint was calculated as a marker of circadian rhythm. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The metabolites NAA, GSH and Glx were obtained, and expressed as a ratio to Creatine. RESULTS Neither NAA or GSH were associated with sleep midpoint. However, higher levels of ACC Glx were associated with later sleep midpoints (rho = 0.35, p = 0.013). This relationship appeared to be independent of age and depression severity. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that delayed circadian phase is related to altered glutamatergic processes. It is aligned with animal research linking circadian rhythms with glutamatergic neurotransmission as well as clinical studies showing changes in glutamate with sleep interventions. Further studies may seek to examine the role of glutamate modulators for circadian misalignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Naismith
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Django White
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Shantel L Duffy
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Rebecca Robillard
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth M Scott
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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295
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Miller MA, Rothenberger SD, Hasler BP, Donofry SD, Wong PM, Manuck SB, Kamarck TW, Roecklein KA. Chronotype predicts positive affect rhythms measured by ecological momentary assessment. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:376-84. [PMID: 25410882 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.983602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Evening chronotype, a correlate of delayed circadian rhythms, is associated with depression. Altered positive affect (PA) rhythms may mediate the association between evening chronotype and depression severity. Consequently, a better understanding of the relationship between chronotype and PA may aid in understanding the etiology of depression. Recent studies have found that individuals with evening chronotype show delayed and blunted PA rhythms, although these studies are relatively limited in sample size, representativeness and number of daily affect measures. Further, published studies have not included how sleep timing changes on workday and non-workdays, or social jet lag (SJL) may contribute to the chronotype-PA rhythm link. Healthy non-depressed adults (n = 408) completed self-report affect and chronotype questionnaires. Subsequently, positive and negative affects were measured hourly while awake for at least two workdays and one non-workday by ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Sleep variables were collected via actigraphy and compared across chronotype groups. A cosinor variant of multilevel modeling was used to model individual and chronotype group rhythms and to calculate two variables: (1) amplitude of PA, or the absolute amount of daily variation from peak to trough during one period of the rhythm and (2) acrophase, or the time at which the peak amplitude of affect rhythms occurred. On workdays, individuals with evening chronotype had significantly lower PA amplitudes and later workday acrophase times than their morning type counterparts. In contrast to predictions, SJL was not found to be a mediator in the relationship between chronotype and PA rhythms. The association of chronotype and PA rhythms in healthy adults may suggest the importance of daily measurement of PA in depressed individuals and would be consistent with the hypothesis that evening chronotype may create vulnerability to depression via delayed and blunted PA rhythms.
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296
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Hansen MV, Danielsen AK, Hageman I, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I. The therapeutic or prophylactic effect of exogenous melatonin against depression and depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1719-28. [PMID: 25224106 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circadian- and sleep disturbances may be central for understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. The effect of melatonin on depression/depressive symptoms has been investigated previously. This systematic review assesses the current evidence of a therapeutic- and prophylactic effect of melatonin in adult patients against depression or depressive symptoms. A search was performed in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO for published trials on November 14th 2013. Inclusion criteria were English language, RCTs or crossover trials. Our outcome was measurement of depression/depressive symptoms with a validated clinician-administered or self-rating questionnaire. PRISMA recommendations were followed and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool used. Ten studies in 486 patients were included in the final qualitative synthesis and four studies, 148 patients, were included in two meta-analyses. Melatonin doses varied from 0.5-6 mg daily and the length of follow-up varied from 2 weeks to 3.5 years. Three studies were done on patients without depression at inclusion, two studies in patients with depression and five studies included a mixture. Six studies showed an improvement in depression scores in both the melatonin and placebo groups but there was no significant difference. One study showed a significant prophylactic effect and another found a significant treatment effect on depression with melatonin compared to placebo. The two meta-analyses did not show any significant effect of melatonin. No serious adverse events were reported. Although some studies were positive, there was no clear evidence of a therapeutic- or prophylactic effect of melatonin against depression or depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - A K Danielsen
- Faculty of Health and Technology, Metropolitan University College, Denmark
| | - I Hageman
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Rosenberg
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Gögenur
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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297
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Koshiba M, Senoo A, Karino G, Ozawa S, Tanaka I, Honda Y, Usui S, Kodama T, Mimura K, Nakamura S, Kunikata T, Yamanouchi H, Tokuno H. Susceptible period of socio-emotional development affected by constant exposure to daylight. Neurosci Res 2014; 93:91-8. [PMID: 25305341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As a diurnal experimental primate, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has recently contributed to numerous kinds of studies of neurobiological psychiatry as an essential pre-clinical model. The marmoset matures sexually within one or two years after birth. Thus, we can observe how the primate learns and develops psycho-cognitive functions through experiences in experimental environment for a much shorter period compared to that of humans. Longer daylight exposure may affect psychological development of children. In our research, we focus on raising marmosets under constant daylight from birth until various ages. In order to quantitatively evaluate the development of higher-ordered psychological functions, we designed a system of socio-behavioral tests and multivariate correlation analysis methods based on principal component analysis. With reference to the call and typical body movement expressed during a particular social context, we statistically inferred the emotional features of the subjects. In the current literature, we review our published results showing increased alert behaviors by constant light, and then, attempted to extend our additional analysis to seek age-dependent susceptibility to constant light. We then present the neurobiological mechanisms with reference to previous research reports. The current review suggests possible existence of a susceptible period earlier than three to five month-old in the environment-induced developmental disorder model, supposedly like attention deficit hyperactive disorders (ADHD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Koshiba
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan.
| | - Aya Senoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Genta Karino
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Simpei Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Ikuko Tanaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Honda
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Setsuo Usui
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Tohru Kodama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Koki Mimura
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Shun Nakamura
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
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298
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The Relationship Between Light Exposure and Sleep, Fatigue, and Depression in Cancer Outpatients. Cancer Nurs 2014; 37:382-90. [DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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299
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Calculating the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM) and Examining Its Use in Interpersonal Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) in a Healthy Population Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2014; 4:265-277. [PMID: 25379281 PMCID: PMC4219261 DOI: 10.3390/bs4030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In psychiatry, the social zeitgeber theory argues that social life provides important social cues that entrain circadian rhythms. Disturbance of these social cues might lead do dis-entrainment of circadian rhythms and evoke somatic symptoms that increase the risk of mood disorders. In preventing and treating patients with bipolar disorders, the Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) relies on the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM) to (re)establish patients' social cues and an re-entrain circadian rhythms. Since the SRM quantifies social rhythms that are derived from a patient's interaction with a social environment, this contribution (a) calculates the SRM of the social environment of a representative healthy population study (n = 1249), (b) evaluates the robustness of the SRM as a quantifier of social rhythms by matching the scores of the pilot study, revealing the near absence of variance across population characteristics and investigation months-circadian rhythms need to be entrained for every month and for everyone-and (c) examines its use in IPSRT by relating high SRM-scores to lower psychological distress (p = 0.004) and low SRM-scores to higher social and emotional dysfunction (p = 0.018).
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300
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Guardiola-Lemaitre B, De Bodinat C, Delagrange P, Millan MJ, Munoz C, Mocaër E. Agomelatine: mechanism of action and pharmacological profile in relation to antidepressant properties. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:3604-19. [PMID: 24724693 PMCID: PMC4128060 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Agomelatine behaves both as a potent agonist at melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors and as a neutral antagonist at 5-HT2C receptors. Accumulating evidence in a broad range of experimental procedures supports the notion that the psychotropic effects of agomelatine are due to the synergy between its melatonergic and 5-hydroxytryptaminergic effects. The recent demonstration of the existence of heteromeric complexes of MT1 and MT2 with 5-HT2C receptors at the cellular level may explain how these two properties of agomelatine translate into a synergistic action that, for example, leads to increases in hippocampal proliferation, maturation and survival through modulation of multiple cellular pathways (increase in trophic factors, synaptic remodelling, glutamate signalling) and key targets (early genes, kinases). The present review focuses on the pharmacological properties of this novel antidepressant. Its mechanism of action, strikingly different from that of conventional classes of antidepressants, opens perspectives towards a better understanding of the physiopathological bases underlying depression.
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