251
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Xu L, Nan J, Lan Y. The Nucleus Accumbens: A Common Target in the Comorbidity of Depression and Addiction. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:37. [PMID: 32694984 PMCID: PMC7338554 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The comorbidity of depression and addiction has become a serious public health issue, and the relationship between these two disorders and their potential mechanisms has attracted extensive attention. Numerous studies have suggested that depression and addiction share common mechanisms and anatomical pathways. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has long been considered a key brain region for regulating many behaviors, especially those related to depression and addiction. In this review article, we focus on the association between addiction and depression, highlighting the potential mediating role of the NAc in this comorbidity via the regulation of changes in the neural circuits and molecular signaling. To clarify the mechanisms underlying this association, we summarize evidence from overlapping reward neurocircuitry, the resemblance of cellular and molecular mechanisms, and common treatments. Understanding the interplay between these disorders should help guide clinical comorbidity prevention and the search for a new target for comorbidity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University School of Medicine, Yanji City, China
| | - Jun Nan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji City, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University School of Medicine, Yanji City, China
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252
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Rudolph ML, Neve RL, Hammer RP, Nikulina EM. Enhanced psychostimulant response, but not social avoidance, depends on GluA1 AMPA receptors in VTA dopamine neurons following intermittent social defeat stress in rats. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 55:2154-2169. [PMID: 32594591 PMCID: PMC9292348 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from both human and animal studies demonstrates the importance of social stress in the development of addiction‐related behaviour. In rats, intermittent social defeat stress causes long‐lasting psychostimulant cross‐sensitization. Our recent data reveal heightened expression of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) GluA1 subunit in rat ventral tegmental area (VTA), which occurs concurrently with social stress‐induced amphetamine (AMPH) cross‐sensitization. In addition, social stress in rats induced social avoidance behaviour. The present study evaluated the effects of intermittent social defeat stress on GluA1 expression in VTA dopamine (DA) neurons, then utilized Cre‐dependent virus‐mediated gene transfer to determine the functional role of homomeric GluA1‐AMPARs in these neurons. Social defeat stress exposure induced GluA1 expression in VTA DA neurons, as demonstrated by a greater density of GluA1/tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) double‐labelling in VTA neurons in stressed rats. Additionally, functional inactivation of VTA GluA1 AMPARs in DA neurons prevented stress‐induced cross‐sensitization, or augmented locomotor response to low dose AMPH challenge (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.), but had no effect on social stress‐induced social avoidance behaviour. Furthermore, wild‐type overexpression of GluA1 in VTA DA neurons had the opposite effect; locomotor‐activating effects of AMPH were significantly augmented, even in the absence of stress. Taken together, these results suggest that stress‐induced GluA1 expression in VTA DA neurons is necessary for psychostimulant cross‐sensitization, but not for social avoidance. This differential effect suggests that different neural pathways are implicated in these behaviours. These findings could lead to novel pharmacotherapies to help prevent stress‐induced susceptibility to substance abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Rudolph
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Racheal L Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald P Hammer
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ella M Nikulina
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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253
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Carr KD. Modulatory Effects of Food Restriction on Brain and Behavioral Effects of Abused Drugs. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2363-2371. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200204141057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Energy homeostasis is achieved, in part, by metabolic signals that regulate the incentive motivating
effects of food and its cues, thereby driving or curtailing procurement and consumption. The neural underpinnings
of these regulated incentive effects have been identified as elements within the mesolimbic dopamine pathway.
A separate line of research has shown that most drugs with abuse liability increase dopamine transmission in
this same pathway and thereby reinforce self-administration. Consequently, one might expect shifts in energy
balance and metabolic signaling to impact drug abuse risk. Basic science studies have yielded numerous examples
of drug responses altered by diet manipulation. Considering the prevalence of weight loss dieting in Western
societies, and the anorexigenic effects of many abused drugs themselves, we have focused on the CNS and behavioral
effects of food restriction in rats. Food restriction has been shown to increase the reward magnitude of diverse
drugs of abuse, and these effects have been attributed to neuroadaptations in the dopamine-innervated nucleus
accumbens. The changes induced by food restriction include synaptic incorporation of calcium-permeable
AMPA receptors and increased signaling downstream of D1 dopamine receptor stimulation. Recent studies suggest
a mechanistic model in which concurrent stimulation of D1 and GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors enables
increased stimulus-induced trafficking of GluA1/GluA2 AMPARs into the postsynaptic density, thereby increasing
the incentive effects of food, drugs, and associated cues. In addition, the established role of AMPA receptor
trafficking in enduring synaptic plasticity prompts speculation that drug use during food restriction may more
strongly ingrain behavior relative to similar use under free-feeding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D. Carr
- Departments of Psychiatry, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
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254
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Liu X, Zhao X, Liu T, Liu Q, Tang L, Zhang H, Luo W, Daskalakis ZJ, Yuan TF. The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cue-induced craving in male patients with heroin use disorder. EBioMedicine 2020; 56:102809. [PMID: 32512513 PMCID: PMC7276507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Craving is a central feature of addiction. Early evidence suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is effective in reducing cue induced craving for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). However, trials in large populations of patients with OUDs are lacking. Methods We randomly assigned 118 male heroin patients into three groups (i.e., 10 Hz rTMS, 1 Hz rTMS and a wait-list control group) from two addiction rehabilitation centers. rTMS was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 20 daily consecutive sessions. Findings Results showed that 10 Hz rTMS and 1 Hz rTMS were both effective in reducing cue-induced craving scores in heroin users when compared to the wait list group. The treatment effects lasted for up to 60 days after rTMS treatment cessation. Interpretation Our results suggest that rTMS applied to the DLPFC is effective in reducing craving severity in heroin use disorder patients. Our results also suggest that such treatment effects can last for up to 60 days after treatment cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Sleep Medicine, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiwen Zhao
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
| | - Ting Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingming Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, U.S.A
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, U.S.A
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neurosience, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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255
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Xu S, Jeong SJ, Li G, Koo JW, Kang UG. Repeated ethanol exposure influences key enzymes in cholesterol and lipid homeostasis via the AMPK pathway in the rat prefrontal cortex. Alcohol 2020; 85:49-56. [PMID: 31734306 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis has been proposed to be implicated in the development of addiction. However, the effects of ethanol on cholesterol homeostasis within the brain are not well understood. One of the most important regulators of cholesterol homeostasis is HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-CoAR), the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. We examined the phosphorylation of HMG-CoAR and the other key regulator of lipid synthesis, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), following acute or chronic treatment with ethanol (0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg) in the rat prefrontal cortex. The phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates the HMG-CoAR activity, and its well-known upstream regulators, was also studied. The phosphorylation of HMG-CoAR and ACC were transiently increased by ethanol treatment only in animals previously treated chronically with ethanol. Acute administration to naïve animals did not induce the phosphorylation, regardless of dosage. Similarly, the phosphorylation of AMPK and the upstream regulators, LKB1 and CaMK4, were transiently increased only in chronically ethanol-treated animals. In naïve animals, a high dose (2 g/kg) of ethanol decreased phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of TAK1, another upstream kinase of AMPK, was increased only from 30 min to 24 h after the chronic treatment with ethanol. Together, these results indicate that repeated exposure is required for the activating effect of ethanol on HMG-CoAR and ACC. This effect seems to be mediated by the AMPK system, and may contribute to the long-lasting neuroadaptation involved in the development of alcohol dependence.
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256
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Salery M, Trifilieff P, Caboche J, Vanhoutte P. From Signaling Molecules to Circuits and Behaviors: Cell-Type-Specific Adaptations to Psychostimulant Exposure in the Striatum. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:944-953. [PMID: 31928716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by a compulsive pattern of drug seeking and consumption and a high risk of relapse after withdrawal that are thought to result from persistent adaptations within brain reward circuits. Drugs of abuse increase dopamine (DA) concentration in these brain areas, including the striatum, which shapes an abnormal memory trace of drug consumption that virtually highjacks reward processing. Long-term neuronal adaptations of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic striatal projection neurons (SPNs) evoked by drugs of abuse are critical for the development of addiction. These neurons form two mostly segregated populations, depending on the DA receptor they express and their output projections, constituting the so-called direct (D1 receptor) and indirect (D2 receptor) SPN pathways. Both SPN subtypes receive converging glutamate inputs from limbic and cortical regions, encoding contextual and emotional information, together with DA, which mediates reward prediction and incentive values. DA differentially modulates the efficacy of glutamate synapses onto direct and indirect SPN pathways by recruiting distinct striatal signaling pathways, epigenetic and genetic responses likely involved in the transition from casual drug use to addiction. Herein we focus on recent studies that have assessed psychostimulant-induced alterations in a cell-type-specific manner, from remodeling of input projections to the characterization of specific molecular events in each SPN subtype and their impact on long-lasting behavioral adaptations. We discuss recent evidence revealing the complex and concerted action of both SPN populations on drug-induced behavioral responses, as these studies can contribute to the design of future strategies to alleviate specific behavioral components of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Salery
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- NutriNeuro, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Bordeaux Institut Polytechnique, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130, Paris France.
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130, Paris France
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257
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Barr JL, Unterwald EM. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling in cellular and behavioral responses to psychostimulant drugs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118746. [PMID: 32454064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase implicated in numerous physiological processes and cellular functions through its ability to regulate the function of many proteins, including transcription factors and structural proteins. GSK-3β has been demonstrated to function as a regulator of multiple behavioral processes induced by drugs of abuse, particularly psychostimulant drugs. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulation of GSK-3β activity produced by psychostimulants, and the role of GSK-3β signaling in psychostimulant-induced behaviors including drug reward, associative learning and memory which play a role in the maintenance of drug-seeking. Evidence supports the conclusion that GSK-3β is an important component of the actions of psychostimulant drugs and that GSK-3β is a valid target for developing novel therapeutics. Additional studies are required to examine the role of GSK-3β in distinct cell types within the mesolimbic and memory circuits to further elucidate the mechanisms related to the acquisition, consolidation, and recall of drug-related memories, and potentially countering neuroadaptations that reinforce drug-seeking behaviors that maintain drug dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Barr
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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258
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Christensen NR, De Luca M, Lever MB, Richner M, Hansen AB, Noes-Holt G, Jensen KL, Rathje M, Jensen DB, Erlendsson S, Bartling CR, Ammendrup-Johnsen I, Pedersen SE, Schönauer M, Nissen KB, Midtgaard SR, Teilum K, Arleth L, Sørensen AT, Bach A, Strømgaard K, Meehan CF, Vaegter CB, Gether U, Madsen KL. A high-affinity, bivalent PDZ domain inhibitor complexes PICK1 to alleviate neuropathic pain. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11248. [PMID: 32352640 PMCID: PMC7278562 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive plasticity involving increased expression of AMPA-type glutamate receptors is involved in several pathologies, including neuropathic pain, but direct inhibition of AMPARs is associated with side effects. As an alternative, we developed a cell-permeable, high-affinity (~2 nM) peptide inhibitor, Tat-P4 -(C5)2 , of the PDZ domain protein PICK1 to interfere with increased AMPAR expression. The affinity is obtained partly from the Tat peptide and partly from the bivalency of the PDZ motif, engaging PDZ domains from two separate PICK1 dimers to form a tetrameric complex. Bivalent Tat-P4 -(C5)2 disrupts PICK1 interaction with membrane proteins on supported cell membrane sheets and reduce the interaction of AMPARs with PICK1 and AMPA-receptor surface expression in vivo. Moreover, Tat-P4 -(C5)2 administration reduces spinal cord transmission and alleviates mechanical hyperalgesia in the spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain. Taken together, our data reveal Tat-P4 -(C5)2 as a novel promising lead for neuropathic pain treatment and expand the therapeutic potential of bivalent inhibitors to non-tandem protein-protein interaction domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj R Christensen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta De Luca
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael B Lever
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Richner
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Astrid B Hansen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gith Noes-Holt
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine L Jensen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Rathje
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis Bo Jensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Erlendsson
- Structural biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Ro Bartling
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ina Ammendrup-Johnsen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie E Pedersen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michèle Schönauer
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus B Nissen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren R Midtgaard
- Structural Biophysics, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaare Teilum
- Structural biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Arleth
- Structural Biophysics, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas T Sørensen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Bach
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claire F Meehan
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian B Vaegter
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Gether
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth L Madsen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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259
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Jin T, Jiang Z, Luan X, Qu Z, Guo F, Gao S, Xu L, Sun X. Exogenous Orexin-A Microinjected Into Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Modulates Feeding and Gastric Motility in Rats. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:274. [PMID: 32410931 PMCID: PMC7198841 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Orexin-A is a circulating neuropeptide and neurotransmitter that regulates food intake and gastric motility. The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), which regulates feeding behavior and gastric function, expresses the orexin-1 receptor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of microinjection of exogenous orexin-A into the CeA, on food intake and gastric motility, and to explore the mechanisms of these effects. Normal chow and high fat food (HFF) intake were measured, gastric motility and gastric emptying were evaluated, extracellular single unit firing was recorded, and c-fos expression was determined. The results showed that microinjection of orexin-A into the CeA resulted in increased HFF intake but did not affect normal chow intake. This effect was blocked by an orexin-1 receptor antagonist-SB-334867 and was partially blocked by a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist-SCH-23390. Gastric motility and gastric emptying were enhanced by orexin-A, and the former effect was abolished by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. The firing frequency of gastric distention-related neurons was regulated by orexin-A via the orexin-1 receptor. Furthermore, c-fos expression was increased in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the lateral hypothalamus (LHA), and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) in response to microinjection of orexin-A into the CeA. These findings showed that orexin-A regulated palatable food intake and gastric motility via the CeA. The LHA, the VTA, and the NAc may participate in palatable food intake and the CeA-DMV-vagus-stomach pathway may be involved in regulating gastric motility through the regulation of neuronal activity in the CeA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongxin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Luan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuling Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Luo Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangrong Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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260
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de Pins B, Montalban E, Vanhoutte P, Giralt A, Girault JA. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 modulates acute locomotor effects of cocaine in D1 receptor-expressing neurons of the nucleus accumbens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6619. [PMID: 32313025 PMCID: PMC7170924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The striatum is critical for cocaine-induced locomotor responses. Although the role of D1 receptor-expressing neurons is established, underlying molecular pathways are not fully understood. We studied the role of Pyk2, a non-receptor, calcium-dependent protein-tyrosine kinase. The locomotor coordination and basal activity of Pyk2 knock-out mice were not altered and major striatal protein markers were normal. Cocaine injection increased Pyk2 tyrosine phosphorylation in mouse striatum. Pyk2-deficient mice displayed decreased locomotor response to acute cocaine injection. In contrast, locomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference were normal. Cocaine-activated ERK phosphorylation, a signaling pathway essential for these late responses, was unaltered. Conditional deletion of Pyk2 in the nucleus accumbens or in D1 neurons reproduced decreased locomotor response to cocaine, whereas deletion of Pyk2 in the dorsal striatum or in A2A receptor-expressing neurons did not. In mice lacking Pyk2 in D1-neurons locomotor response to D1 agonist SKF-81297, but not to an anticholinergic drug, was blunted. Our results identify Pyk2 as a regulator of acute locomotor responses to psychostimulants. They highlight the role of tyrosine phosphorylation pathways in striatal neurons and suggest that changes in Pyk2 expression or activation may alter specific responses to drugs of abuse, or possibly other behavioral responses linked to dopamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit de Pins
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Enrica Montalban
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- BFA - Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative - CNRS UMR 8251, Paris University, Paris, 75205, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Paris, 75005, France
- CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Albert Giralt
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Jean-Antoine Girault
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France.
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Antoine Girault
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France.
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262
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Hu H, Cui Y, Yang Y. Circuits and functions of the lateral habenula in health and in disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 21:277-295. [PMID: 32269316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed exponentially growing interest in the lateral habenula (LHb) owing to new discoveries relating to its critical role in regulating negatively motivated behaviour and its implication in major depression. The LHb, sometimes referred to as the brain's 'antireward centre', receives inputs from diverse limbic forebrain and basal ganglia structures, and targets essentially all midbrain neuromodulatory systems, including the noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. Its unique anatomical position enables the LHb to act as a hub that integrates value-based, sensory and experience-dependent information to regulate various motivational, cognitive and motor processes. Dysfunction of the LHb may contribute to the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, especially major depression. Recently, exciting progress has been made in identifying the molecular and cellular mechanisms in the LHb that underlie negative emotional state in animal models of drug withdrawal and major depression. A future challenge is to translate these advances into effective clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Hu
- Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China. .,Fountain-Valley Institute for Life Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yihui Cui
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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263
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Hwang EK, Lupica CR. Altered Corticolimbic Control of the Nucleus Accumbens by Long-term Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:619-631. [PMID: 31543247 PMCID: PMC7002212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decriminalization and legalization of cannabis and the expansion of availability of medical cannabis in North America have led to an increase in cannabis use and the availability of high-potency strains. Cannabis potency is determined by the concentration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), a psychoactive constituent that activates cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. The use of high-potency cannabis is associated with cannabis use disorder and increased susceptibility to psychiatric illness. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is part of a brain reward circuit affected by Δ9-THC through modulation of glutamate afferents arising from corticolimbic brain areas implicated in drug addiction and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, brain imaging studies show alterations in corticolimbic and NAc properties in human cannabis users. METHODS Using in vitro electrophysiology and optogenetics, we examined how Δ9-THC alters corticolimbic input to the NAc in rats. RESULTS We found that long-term exposure to Δ9-THC weakens prefrontal cortex glutamate input to the NAc shell and strengthens input from basolateral amygdala and ventral hippocampus. Further, whereas long-term exposure to Δ9-THC had no effect on net strength of glutamatergic input to NAc shell arising from midbrain dopamine neurons, it alters fundamental properties of these synapses. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to Δ9-THC shifts control of the NAc shell from cortical to limbic input, likely contributing to cognitive and psychiatric dysfunction that is associated with cannabis use.
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264
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Eban-Rothschild A, Borniger JC, Rothschild G, Giardino WJ, Morrow JG, de Lecea L. Arousal State-Dependent Alterations in VTA-GABAergic Neuronal Activity. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0356-19.2020. [PMID: 32054621 PMCID: PMC7218005 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0356-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have implicated the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in motivation, learning and reward processing. We and others recently demonstrated that it also serves as an important node in sleep/wake regulation. Specifically, VTA-dopaminergic neuron activation is sufficient to drive wakefulness and necessary for the maintenance of wakefulness. However, the role of VTA-GABAergic neurons in arousal regulation is not fully understood. It is still unclear whether VTA-GABAergic neurons predictably alter their activity across arousal states, what is the nature of interactions between VTA-GABAergic activity and cortical oscillations, and how activity in VTA-GABAergic neurons relates to VTA-dopaminergic neurons in the context of sleep/wake regulation. To address these, we simultaneously recorded population activity from VTA subpopulations and electroencephalography/electromyography (EEG/EMG) signals during spontaneous sleep/wake states and in the presence of salient stimuli in freely-behaving mice. We found that VTA-GABAergic neurons exhibit robust arousal-state-dependent alterations in population activity, with high activity and transients during wakefulness and REM sleep. During wakefulness, population activity of VTA-GABAergic neurons, but not VTA-dopaminergic neurons, was positively correlated with EEG γ power and negatively correlated with θ power. During NREM sleep, population activity in both VTA-GABAergic and VTA-dopaminergic neurons negatively correlated with δ, θ, and σ power bands. Salient stimuli, with both positive and negative valence, activated VTA-GABAergic neurons. Together, our data indicate that VTA-GABAergic neurons, like their dopaminergic counterparts, drastically alter their activity across sleep-wake states. Changes in their activity predicts cortical oscillatory patterns reflected in the EEG, which are distinct from EEG spectra associated with dopaminergic neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Eban-Rothschild
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Gideon Rothschild
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - William J Giardino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Joshua G Morrow
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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265
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Bilbao A, Neuhofer D, Sepers M, Wei SP, Eisenhardt M, Hertle S, Lassalle O, Ramos-Uriarte A, Puente N, Lerner R, Thomazeau A, Grandes P, Lutz B, Manzoni OJ, Spanagel R. Endocannabinoid LTD in Accumbal D1 Neurons Mediates Reward-Seeking Behavior. iScience 2020; 23:100951. [PMID: 32179475 PMCID: PMC7068121 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a key role in drug-related behavior and natural reward learning. Synaptic plasticity in dopamine D1 and D2 receptor medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the NAc and the endogenous cannabinoid (eCB) system have been implicated in reward seeking. However, the precise molecular and physiological basis of reward-seeking behavior remains unknown. We found that the specific deletion of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in D1-expressing MSNs (D1miRmGluR5 mice) abolishes eCB-mediated long-term depression (LTD) and prevents the expression of drug (cocaine and ethanol), natural reward (saccharin), and brain-stimulation-seeking behavior. In vivo enhancement of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) eCB signaling within the NAc core restores both eCB-LTD and reward-seeking behavior in D1miRmGluR5 mice. The data suggest a model where the eCB and glutamatergic systems of the NAc act in concert to mediate reward-seeking responses. mGluR5-D1-CB1-induced eCB-LTD mediates drugs of abuse and natural reward seeking eCB-LTD in D2-MSNs plays no important role in processing of reward-seeking responses Loss of eCB-LTD is a consequence of higher MAGL activity and lower CB1R expression Acute drug administration stops craving for alternative rewards on following days
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Bilbao
- Behavioral Genetics Research Group, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Daniela Neuhofer
- INSERM U1249, Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France; Aix-Marseille University, Jardindu Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - Marja Sepers
- INSERM U1249, Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France; Aix-Marseille University, Jardindu Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - Shou-Peng Wei
- Behavioral Genetics Research Group, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuela Eisenhardt
- Behavioral Genetics Research Group, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Hertle
- Behavioral Genetics Research Group, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INSERM U1249, Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France; Aix-Marseille University, Jardindu Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, Marseille, 13007, France; Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Almudena Ramos-Uriarte
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nagore Puente
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Raissa Lerner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aurore Thomazeau
- INSERM U1249, Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France; Aix-Marseille University, Jardindu Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - Pedro Grandes
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Olivier J Manzoni
- INSERM U1249, Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France; Aix-Marseille University, Jardindu Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, Marseille, 13007, France; Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
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266
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Choe HK, Cho J. Comprehensive Genome-Wide Approaches to Activity-Dependent Translational Control in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051592. [PMID: 32111062 PMCID: PMC7084349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent regulation of gene expression is critical in experience-mediated changes in the brain. Although less appreciated than transcriptional control, translational control is a crucial regulatory step of activity-mediated gene expression in physiological and pathological conditions. In the first part of this review, we overview evidence demonstrating the importance of translational controls under the context of synaptic plasticity as well as learning and memory. Then, molecular mechanisms underlying the translational control, including post-translational modifications of translation factors, mTOR signaling pathway, and local translation, are explored. We also summarize how activity-dependent translational regulation is associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and depression. In the second part, we highlight how recent application of high-throughput sequencing techniques has added insight into genome-wide studies on translational regulation of neuronal genes. Sequencing-based strategies to identify molecular signatures of the active neuronal population responding to a specific stimulus are discussed. Overall, this review aims to highlight the implication of translational control for neuronal gene regulation and functions of the brain and to suggest prospects provided by the leading-edge techniques to study yet-unappreciated translational regulation in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kyoung Choe
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.C.); (J.C.)
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267
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Habelt B, Arvaneh M, Bernhardt N, Minev I. Biomarkers and neuromodulation techniques in substance use disorders. Bioelectron Med 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 32232112 PMCID: PMC7098236 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-020-0040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Addictive disorders are a severe health concern. Conventional therapies have just moderate success and the probability of relapse after treatment remains high. Brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), have been shown to be effective in reducing subjectively rated substance craving. However, there are few objective and measurable parameters that reflect neural mechanisms of addictive disorders and relapse. Key electrophysiological features that characterize substance related changes in neural processing are Event-Related Potentials (ERP). These high temporal resolution measurements of brain activity are able to identify neurocognitive correlates of addictive behaviours. Moreover, ERP have shown utility as biomarkers to predict treatment outcome and relapse probability. A future direction for the treatment of addiction might include neural interfaces able to detect addiction-related neurophysiological parameters and deploy neuromodulation adapted to the identified pathological features in a closed-loop fashion. Such systems may go beyond electrical recording and stimulation to employ sensing and neuromodulation in the pharmacological domain as well as advanced signal analysis and machine learning algorithms. In this review, we describe the state-of-the-art in the treatment of addictive disorders with electrical brain stimulation and its effect on addiction-related neurophysiological markers. We discuss advanced signal processing approaches and multi-modal neural interfaces as building blocks in future bioelectronics systems for treatment of addictive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Habelt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mahnaz Arvaneh
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivan Minev
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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268
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Singh L, Joshi T, Tewari D, Echeverría J, Mocan A, Sah AN, Parvanov E, Tzvetkov NT, Ma ZF, Lee YY, Poznański P, Huminiecki L, Sacharczuk M, Jóźwik A, Horbańczuk JO, Feder-Kubis J, Atanasov AG. Ethnopharmacological Applications Targeting Alcohol Abuse: Overview and Outlook. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1593. [PMID: 32116660 PMCID: PMC7034411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption is the cause of several diseases and thus is of a major concern for society. Worldwide alcohol consumption has increased by many folds over the past decades. This urgently calls for intervention and relapse counteract measures. Modern pharmacological solutions induce complete alcohol self-restraint and prevent relapse, but they have many side effects. Natural products are most promising as they cause fewer adverse effects. Here we discuss in detail the medicinal plants used in various traditional/folklore medicine systems for targeting alcohol abuse. We also comprehensively describe preclinical and clinical studies done on some of these plants along with the possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Singh
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation & Management, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, India
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Emil Parvanov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Division BIOCEV, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nikolay T. Tzvetkov
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev”, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department Global R&D, NTZ Lab Ltd., Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Department of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Piotr Poznański
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Lukasz Huminiecki
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Jarosław O. Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Joanna Feder-Kubis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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269
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Kohlmeier KA, Polli FS. Plasticity in the Brainstem: Prenatal and Postnatal Experience Can Alter Laterodorsal Tegmental (LDT) Structure and Function. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:3. [PMID: 32116639 PMCID: PMC7019863 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The brainstem has traditionally been considered an area of the brain with autonomous control of mostly homeostatic functions such as heart rate, respiration, and the sleep and wakefulness state, which would preclude the necessity to exhibit the high degree of synaptic or cellular mechanisms of plasticity typical of regions of the brain responsible for flexible, executive control, such as the medial prefrontal cortex or the hippocampus. The perception that the brainstem does not share the same degree of flexibility to alter synaptic strength and/or wiring within local circuits makes intuitive sense, as it is not easy to understand how "soft wiring" would be an advantage when considering the importance of faithful and consistent performance of the homeostatic, autonomic functions that are controlled by the brainstem. However, many of the molecular and cellular requirements which underlie strengthening of synapses seen in brain regions involved in higher-level processing are present in brainstem nuclei, and recent research suggest that the view of the brainstem as "hard wired," with rigid and static connectivity and with unchanging synaptic strength, is outdated. In fact, information from studies within the last decades, including work conducted in our group, leads us to propose that the brainstem can dynamically alter synaptic proteins, and change synaptic connections in response to prenatal or postnatal stimuli, and this would likely alter functionality and output. This article reviews recent research that has provided information resulting in our revision of the view of the brainstem as static and non-changing by using as example recent information gleaned from a brainstem pontine nucleus, the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT). The LDT has demonstrated mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity, and plasticity has been exhibited in the postnatal LDT following exposure to drugs of abuse. Further, exposure of the brain during gestation to drugs of abuse results in alterations in development of signaling pathways in the LDT. As the LDT provides a high degree of innervation of mesoaccumbal and mesocortical circuits involved in salience, as well as thalamocortical circuits involved in control of arousal and orientation, changes in synaptic strength would be expected to alter output, which would significantly impact behavioral state, motivated behavior and directed attention. Further, alterations in developmental trajectory within the LDT following prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse would be expected to impact on later life expression of motivation and arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi A. Kohlmeier
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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270
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Arenas MC, Blanco-Gandía MC, Miñarro J, Manzanedo C. Prepulse Inhibition of the Startle Reflex as a Predictor of Vulnerability to Develop Locomotor Sensitization to Cocaine. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 13:296. [PMID: 32116585 PMCID: PMC7008852 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex is a measure of sensory-motor synchronization. A deficit in PPI has been observed in psychiatric patients, especially those with schizophrenia and vulnerable subjects, since the neural bases of this disorder are also involved in the regulation of PPI. Recently, we have reported that baseline PPI levels in mice can predict their sensitivity to the conditioned reinforcing effects of cocaine in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Mice with a low PPI presented a lower sensitivity to the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine; however, once they acquired conditioned preference with a higher dose of the drug, a more persistent associative effect of cocaine with respect to environmental cues was evident in these animals when compared with High-PPI mice. Therefore, we proposed that the PPI paradigm can determine subjects with a higher vulnerability to the effects of cocaine. Developing locomotor sensitization after pre-exposure to cocaine is considered an indicator of transitioning from recreational use to a compulsive consumption of the drug. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether subjects with a low PPI display a higher locomotor sensitization induced by cocaine. First, male and female OF1 mice were classified as High- or Low-PPI according to their baseline PPI levels. Subsequently, the motor effects induced by an acute dose of cocaine (Experiments 1 and 2) and the development of locomotor sensitization induced by pre-exposure to this drug (Experiments 3 and 4) were recorded using two apparatuses (Ethovision and actimeter). Low-PPI mice presented low sensitivity to the motor effects of an acute dose of cocaine, but a high increase of activity after repeated administration of the drug, thus suggesting a great developed behavioral sensitization. Differences after pretreatment with cocaine vs. saline were more pronounced among Low-PPI subjects than among High-PPI animals. These results endorse our hypothesis that the PPI paradigm can detect subjects who are more likely to display behaviors induced by cocaine and which can increase the risk of developing a cocaine use disorder. Herein, we further discuss whether a PPI deficit can be considered an endophenotype for cocaine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Arenas
- Unidad de investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Carmen Blanco-Gandía
- Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus de Teruel, Teruel, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Unidad de investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Manzanedo
- Unidad de investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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271
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Velasquez-Martinez MC, Santos-Vera B, Velez-Hernandez ME, Vazquez-Torres R, Jimenez-Rivera CA. Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors Modulate Glutamate and GABA Neurotransmission onto Ventral Tegmental Dopamine Neurons during Cocaine Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E790. [PMID: 31991781 PMCID: PMC7036981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays an important role in the reward and motivational processes that facilitate the development of drug addiction. Presynaptic α1-AR activation modulates glutamate and Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release. This work elucidates the role of VTA presynaptic α1-ARs and their modulation on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission during cocaine sensitization. Excitatory and inhibitory currents (EPSCs and IPSCs) measured by a whole cell voltage clamp show that α1-ARs activation increases EPSCs amplitude after 1 day of cocaine treatment but not after 5 days of cocaine injections. The absence of a pharmacological response to an α1-ARs agonist highlights the desensitization of the receptor after repeated cocaine administration. The desensitization of α1-ARs persists after a 7-day withdrawal period. In contrast, the modulation of α1-ARs on GABA neurotransmission, shown by decreases in IPSCs' amplitude, is not affected by acute or chronic cocaine injections. Taken together, these data suggest that α1-ARs may enhance DA neuronal excitability after repeated cocaine administration through the reduction of GABA inhibition onto VTA dopamine (DA) neurons even in the absence of α1-ARs' function on glutamate release and protein kinase C (PKC) activation. α1-AR modulatory changes in cocaine sensitization increase our knowledge of the role of the noradrenergic system in cocaine addiction and may provide possible avenues for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Velasquez-Martinez
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Comportamiento, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia;
| | - Bermary Santos-Vera
- Department of Biology, Cayey Campus, University of Puerto Rico, Cayey, PR 00737, USA;
| | - Maria E. Velez-Hernandez
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA;
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Torres
- Department of Physiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA;
| | - Carlos A. Jimenez-Rivera
- Department of Physiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA;
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272
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SYNPLA, a method to identify synapses displaying plasticity after learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3214-3219. [PMID: 31974314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1919911117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Which neural circuits undergo synaptic changes when an animal learns? Although it is widely accepted that changes in synaptic strength underlie many forms of learning and memory, it remains challenging to connect changes in synaptic strength at specific neural pathways to specific behaviors and memories. Here we introduce SYNPLA (synaptic proximity ligation assay), a synapse-specific, high-throughput, and potentially brain-wide method capable of detecting circuit-specific learning-induced synaptic plasticity.
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273
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Corkrum M, Covelo A, Lines J, Bellocchio L, Pisansky M, Loke K, Quintana R, Rothwell PE, Lujan R, Marsicano G, Martin ED, Thomas MJ, Kofuji P, Araque A. Dopamine-Evoked Synaptic Regulation in the Nucleus Accumbens Requires Astrocyte Activity. Neuron 2020; 105:1036-1047.e5. [PMID: 31954621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is involved in physiological processes like learning and memory, motor control and reward, and pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and addiction. In contrast to the extensive studies on neurons, astrocyte involvement in dopaminergic signaling remains largely unknown. Using transgenic mice, optogenetics, and pharmacogenetics, we studied the role of astrocytes on the dopaminergic system. We show that in freely behaving mice, astrocytes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key reward center in the brain, respond with Ca2+ elevations to synaptically released dopamine, a phenomenon enhanced by amphetamine. In brain slices, synaptically released dopamine increases astrocyte Ca2+, stimulates ATP/adenosine release, and depresses excitatory synaptic transmission through activation of presynaptic A1 receptors. Amphetamine depresses neurotransmission through stimulation of astrocytes and the consequent A1 receptor activation. Furthermore, astrocytes modulate the acute behavioral psychomotor effects of amphetamine. Therefore, astrocytes mediate the dopamine- and amphetamine-induced synaptic regulation, revealing a novel cellular pathway in the brain reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Corkrum
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ana Covelo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Justin Lines
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Marc Pisansky
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelvin Loke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ruth Quintana
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Patrick E Rothwell
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rafael Lujan
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02008, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | | | - Mark J Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paulo Kofuji
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alfonso Araque
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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274
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Kethawath SM, Jain R, Dhawan A, Sarkar S. A review of peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in alcohol-dependent patients: Current understanding. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:15-20. [PMID: 32001926 PMCID: PMC6964459 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_134_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in neuroplasticity of the brain, and its role in alcohol dependence has been explored in the recent past. Animal studies suggest that BDNF may function as a protective factor in transition from social drinking to an alcohol use disorder. However, clinical studies have not been able to establish similar findings and have shown mixed results. In order to obtain a comprehensive understanding, the current review aims to evaluate the existing literature on the role of BDNF in alcohol dependence. Articles were retrieved using search engines PubMed and Google Scholar. Original research studies focusing on human participants, published in English till October 2018 were reviewed. Studies which measured BDNF levels in serum or plasma or both were included in this study. A total of 13 studies were found which compared BDNF levels in alcohol-dependent patients with control population. The studies have mixed findings. Seven studies measured BDNF levels across the abstinence period, and most of the studies show improving BDNF levels across the abstinence. The current review supports the notion that BDNF plays an important role in the neuroplasticity of alcohol dependence. However, it is premature at this stage to draw conclusions that BDNF may be used as a biomarker, as there have been inconclusive findings when compared with control population. Future studies with longer follow-ups, larger sample size, comparing early and late periods of alcohol abstinence are required for better understanding of the role BDNF in alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raka Jain
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anju Dhawan
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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275
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Schoenmacker GH, Groenman AP, Sokolova E, Oosterlaan J, Rommelse N, Roeyers H, Oades RD, Faraone SV, Franke B, Heskes T, Arias Vasquez A, Claassen T, Buitelaar JK. Role of conduct problems in the relation between Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity disorder, substance use, and gaming. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 30:102-113. [PMID: 30292416 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Known comorbidities for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) include conduct problems, substance use disorder and gaming. Comorbidity with conduct problems may increase the risk for substance use disorder and gaming in individuals with ADHD. The aim of the study was to build a causal model of the relationships between ADHD and comorbid conduct problems, and alcohol, nicotine, and other substance use, and gaming habits, while accounting for age and sex. We used a state-of-the-art causal discovery algorithm to analyze a case-only sample of 362 ADHD-diagnosed individuals in the ages 12-24 years. We found that conduct problem severity mediates between ADHD severity and nicotine use, but not with more severe alcohol or substance use. More severe ADHD-inattentive symptoms lead to more severe gaming habits. Furthermore, our model suggests that ADHD severity has no influence on severity of alcohol or other drug use. Our findings suggest that ADHD severity is a risk factor for nicotine use, and that this effect is fully mediated by conduct problem severity. Finally, ADHD-inattentive severity was a risk factor for gaming, suggesting that gaming dependence has a different causal pathway than substance dependence and should be treated differently. By identifying these intervention points, our model can aid both researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Schoenmacker
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - A P Groenman
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Science, Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Sokolova
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Oosterlaan
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Science, Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Rommelse
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Roeyers
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R D Oades
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S V Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - B Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T Heskes
- Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Arias Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - T Claassen
- Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J K Buitelaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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276
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Delint-Ramirez I, Garcia-Oscos F, Segev A, Kourrich S. Cocaine engages a non-canonical, dopamine-independent, mechanism that controls neuronal excitability in the nucleus accumbens. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:680-691. [PMID: 29880884 PMCID: PMC7042730 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced enhanced dopamine (DA) signaling in the brain is a canonical mechanism that initiates addiction processes. However, indirect evidence suggests that cocaine also triggers non-canonical, DA-independent, mechanisms that contribute to behavioral responses to cocaine, including psychomotor sensitization and cocaine self-administration. Identifying these mechanisms and determining how they are initiated is fundamental to further our understanding of addiction processes. Using physiologically relevant in vitro tractable models, we found that cocaine-induced hypoactivity of nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) medium spiny neurons (MSNs), one hallmark of cocaine addiction, is independent of DA signaling. Combining brain slice studies and site-directed mutagenesis in HEK293T cells, we found that cocaine binding to intracellular sigma-1 receptor (σ1) initiates this mechanism. Subsequently, σ1 binds to Kv1.2 potassium channels, followed by accumulation of Kv1.2 in the plasma membrane, thereby depressing NAcSh MSNs firing. This mechanism is specific to D1 receptor-expressing MSNs. Our study uncovers a mechanism for cocaine that bypasses DA signaling and leads to addiction-relevant neuroadaptations, thereby providing combinatorial strategies for treating stimulant abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Delint-Ramirez
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Francisco Garcia-Oscos
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Amir Segev
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Saïd Kourrich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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277
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Li X, Slesinger PA. GABA B Receptors and Drug Addiction: Psychostimulants and Other Drugs of Abuse. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 52:119-155. [PMID: 33442842 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic GABAB receptors (GABABRs) mediate slow inhibition and modulate synaptic plasticity throughout the brain. Dysfunction of GABABRs has been associated with psychiatric illnesses and addiction. Drugs of abuse alter GABAB receptor (GABABR) signaling in multiple brain regions, which partly contributes to the development of drug addiction. Recently, GABABR ligands and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have been shown to attenuate the initial rewarding effect of addictive substances, inhibit seeking and taking of these drugs, and in some cases, ameliorate drug withdrawal symptoms. The majority of the anti-addiction effects seen with GABABR modulation can be localized to ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, which receive complex inhibitory and excitatory inputs that are modified by drugs of abuse. Preclinical research suggests that GABABR PAMs are emerging as promising candidates for the treatment of drug addiction. Clinical studies on drug dependence have shown positive results with GABABR ligands but more are needed, and compounds with better pharmacokinetics and fewer side effects are critically needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Paul A Slesinger
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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278
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279
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Heifets BD, Salgado JS, Taylor MD, Hoerbelt P, Cardozo Pinto DF, Steinberg EE, Walsh JJ, Sze JY, Malenka RC. Distinct neural mechanisms for the prosocial and rewarding properties of MDMA. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:eaaw6435. [PMID: 31826983 PMCID: PMC7123941 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw6435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extensively abused recreational drug (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown promise as an adjunct to psychotherapy for treatment-resistant psychiatric disease. It is unknown, however, whether the mechanisms underlying its prosocial therapeutic effects and abuse potential are distinct. We modeled both the prosocial and nonsocial drug reward of MDMA in mice and investigated the mechanism of these processes using brain region-specific pharmacology, transgenic manipulations, electrophysiology, and in vivo calcium imaging. We demonstrate in mice that MDMA acting at the serotonin transporter within the nucleus accumbens is necessary and sufficient for MDMA's prosocial effect. MDMA's acute rewarding properties, in contrast, require dopaminergic signaling. MDMA's prosocial effect requires 5-HT1b receptor activation and is mimicked by d-fenfluramine, a selective serotonin-releasing compound. By dissociating the mechanisms of MDMA's prosocial effects from its addictive properties, we provide evidence for a conserved neuronal pathway, which can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutics with limited abuse liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris D Heifets
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Juliana S Salgado
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Madison D Taylor
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Paul Hoerbelt
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel F Cardozo Pinto
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Steinberg
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jessica J Walsh
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ji Y Sze
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Robert C Malenka
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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280
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Avey D, Sankararaman S, Yim AKY, Barve R, Milbrandt J, Mitra RD. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Uncovers a Robust Transcriptional Response to Morphine by Glia. Cell Rep 2019; 24:3619-3629.e4. [PMID: 30257220 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and behavioral responses to opioids are thought to be primarily mediated by neurons, although there is accumulating evidence that other cell types play a prominent role in drug addiction. To investigate cell-type-specific opioid responses, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the nucleus accumbens of mice following acute morphine treatment. Differential expression analysis uncovered unique morphine-dependent transcriptional responses by oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. We examined the expression of selected genes, including Cdkn1a and Sgk1, by FISH, confirming their induction by morphine in oligodendrocytes. Further analysis using RNA-seq of FACS-purified oligodendrocytes revealed a large cohort of morphine-regulated genes. The affected genes are enriched for roles in cellular pathways intimately linked to oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, including the unfolded protein response. Altogether, our data illuminate the morphine-dependent transcriptional response by oligodendrocytes and offer mechanistic insights into myelination defects associated with opioid abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Avey
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sumithra Sankararaman
- Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Aldrin K Y Yim
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ruteja Barve
- Genome Technology Access Center, Department of Genetics. Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Robi D Mitra
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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281
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Yan Y, Beckley NA, Kim VJ, Drenan RM. Differential Nicotinic Modulation of Glutamatergic and GABAergic VTA Microcircuits. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0298-19.2019. [PMID: 31744841 PMCID: PMC6893235 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0298-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons receive glutamatergic and/or GABAergic input from other local neurons within the VTA. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activity is capable of modulating such intra-VTA transmission, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we isolated monosynaptic glutamate or GABA transmission from mouse medial VTA (mVTA) to lateral VTA (latVTA) using pharmacology and optogenetics, and we studied the ability of nicotine to modulate these modes of transmission. The action of nicotine on mVTA to latVTA glutamate transmission was bidirectional; nicotine enhanced glutamate release in half of the recorded latVTA cells and inhibited release in the other half. Nicotine-mediated reduction in glutamate release was reversed by blockade of GABAA receptors. This, coupled with expression data demonstrating coexpression of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and glutamate decarboxylase 2 (Gad2) in mVTA neurons, suggests that nicotine is able to stimulate GABA corelease from mVTA VGluT2+ neurons. Nicotine had an altogether different effect on mVTA to latVTA GABA release from Gad2+ cells; nicotine suppressed GABA release from mVTA Gad2+ terminals in nearly all cells tested. Together, these data uncover a complex system of local circuitry in the VTA that is modulated by nAChR activity. These actions of nicotine, which occurred at concentrations of nicotine found in the artificial CSF of cigarette smokers, may play a role in the adaptive response of the reward system to repeated nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Nicole A Beckley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Veronica J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Ryan M Drenan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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282
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Kurnaz S, Yazici AB, Nursal AF, Cetinay Aydin P, Ongel Atar A, Aydin N, Kincir Z, Pehlivan S. CNR2 rs2229579 and COMT Val158Met variants, but not CNR2 rs2501432, IL-17 rs763780 and UCP2 rs659366, contribute to susceptibility to substance use disorder in the Turkish population. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Selin Kurnaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bulent Yazici
- Department of Psychiatry, Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Feyda Nursal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Pinar Cetinay Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Ongel Atar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazan Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Kincir
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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283
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Opioid signal transduction regulates the dendritic morphology of somatostatin and parvalbumin interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neuroreport 2019; 30:592-599. [PMID: 30969245 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous opioid system is of great importance to normal brain functions. Opiate acts on GABAergic cells in both the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens to exert psychological effects. However, the effects of opioid signal transduction on the morphology of GABAergic interneurons (INs) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region critical for motivational and addictive behaviors, are unclear. By fluorescent dye injection and morphological reconstruction, we found that the total dendrite length and dendritic complexity of both parvalbumin (PV) INs and somatostatin (SST) INs in mPFC were significantly increased after chronic morphine administration, and such changes lasted 7 days after morphine abstinence. We then downregulated the endogenous μ-opioid and δ-opioid receptors (ORs) in the mPFC by adeno-associated virus-mediated shRNA expression. Results showed that downregulating either μ-OR or δ-OR decreased the total dendrite length and dendritic complexity of SST-INs, whereas downregulating neither μ-OR nor δ-OR affected the morphology of PV-INs. Furthermore, δ-OR but not μ-OR knockdown impaired the dendritic structure of SST-INs in the mice upon single morphine administration. Our findings indicate the differential roles of endogenous ORs in the dendritic remodeling of SST-INs and PV-INs in mPFC.
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284
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Kardos J, Dobolyi Á, Szabó Z, Simon Á, Lourmet G, Palkovits M, Héja L. Molecular Plasticity of the Nucleus Accumbens Revisited-Astrocytic Waves Shall Rise. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7950-7965. [PMID: 31134458 PMCID: PMC6834761 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Part of the ventral striatal division, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) drives the circuit activity of an entire macrosystem about reward like a "flagship," signaling and leading diverse conducts. Accordingly, NAc neurons feature complex inhibitory phenotypes that assemble to process circuit inputs and generate outputs by exploiting specific arrays of opposite and/or parallel neurotransmitters, neuromodulatory peptides. The resulting complex combinations enable versatile yet specific forms of accumbal circuit plasticity, including maladaptive behaviors. Although reward signaling and behavior are elaborately linked to neuronal circuit activities, it is plausible to propose whether these neuronal ensembles and synaptic islands can be directly controlled by astrocytes, a powerful modulator of neuronal activity. Pioneering studies showed that astrocytes in the NAc sense citrate cycle metabolites and/or ATP and may induce recurrent activation. We argue that the astrocytic calcium, GABA, and Glu signaling and altered sodium and chloride dynamics fundamentally shape metaplasticity by providing active regulatory roles in the synapse- and network-level flexibility of the NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Kardos
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Dobolyi
- Laboratory of Neuromorphology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1086, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pázmány Péter sétány 1C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szabó
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Simon
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Guillaume Lourmet
- Laboratory of Neuromorphology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1086, Hungary
| | - Miklós Palkovits
- Human Brain Tissue Bank, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | - László Héja
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
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285
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Fu Y, Depue RA. A novel neurobehavioral framework of the effects of positive early postnatal experience on incentive and consummatory reward sensitivity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:615-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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286
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Gao S, Li E, Gao H. Long non-coding RNA MEG3 attends to morphine-mediated autophagy of HT22 cells through modulating ERK pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:536-542. [PMID: 31433241 PMCID: PMC6713166 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1651343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Context: Morphine is an alkaloid isolated from the poppy plants. The addiction of morphine is a very serious social issue. Some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed to engage in drug addiction. Objective: Whether lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) attended to morphine-mediated autophagy of mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells was probed. Materials and methods: HT22 cells were subjected to 10 µM morphine for 24 h. Cell autophagy was assessed by measuring LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 expression. qRT-PCR was carried out to measure MEG3 expression. SiRNA oligoribonucleotides targeting MEG3 (si-MEG3) was transfected to silence MEG3. The orexin1 receptor (OX1R), c-fos, p/t-ERK and p/t-PKC expressions were tested by western blotting. SCH772984 was used as an inhibitor of ERK pathway. Results: Morphine elevated OX1R (2.92 times), c-fos (2.06 times), p/t-ERK (2.04 times) and p/t-PKC (2.4 times), Beclin-1 (3.2 times) and LC3-II/LC3-I (3.96 times) expression in HT22 cells. Moreover, followed by morphine exposure, the MEG3 expression was also elevated in HT22 cells (3.03 times). The silence of MEG3 lowered the Beclin-1 (1.85 times), LC3-II/LC3-I (2.12 times), c-fos (1.39 times) and p/t-ERK (1.44 times) expressions in morphine-treated HT22 cells. Inhibitor of ERK pathway SCH772984 further promoted the influence of MEG3 silence on morphine-caused Beclin-1 (1.97 times) and LC3-II/LC3-I (1.92 times) expressions decreases. Conclusions: Up-regulation of MEG3 attended to the morphine-caused autophagy of HT22 cells might be through elevating c-fos expression and promoting ERK pathway activation. More experiments are also needed in the future to analyse the influence of other lncRNAs in drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuibo Gao
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- CONTACT Shuibo Gao , Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Enyao Li
- Department of Children Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haixia Gao
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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287
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Soriani O, Kourrich S. The Sigma-1 Receptor: When Adaptive Regulation of Cell Electrical Activity Contributes to Stimulant Addiction and Cancer. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1186. [PMID: 31780884 PMCID: PMC6861184 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone protein that acts like an inter-organelle signaling modulator. Among its several functions such as ER lipid metabolisms/transports and indirect regulation of genes transcription, one of its most intriguing feature is the ability to regulate the function and trafficking of a variety of functional proteins. To date, and directly relevant to the present review, σ1R has been found to regulate both voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) belonging to distinct superfamilies (i.e., sodium, Na+; potassium, K+; and calcium, Ca2+ channels) and non-voltage-gated ion channels. This regulatory function endows σ1R with a powerful capability to fine tune cells’ electrical activity and calcium homeostasis—a regulatory power that appears to favor cell survival in pathological contexts such as stroke or neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge on σ1R’s role in the regulation of cellular electrical activity, and how this seemingly adaptive function can shift cell homeostasis and contribute to the development of very distinct chronic pathologies such as psychostimulant abuse and tumor cell growth in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saïd Kourrich
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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288
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Mathis V, Kenny PJ. From controlled to compulsive drug-taking: The role of the habenula in addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:102-111. [PMID: 29936111 PMCID: PMC9871871 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is now recognized as a neurobiological and cognitive brain disorder and is generally viewed as a switch from recreational or voluntary to compulsive substance use despite aversive consequences. The habenula, composed of medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb) domains, has been implicated in regulating behavioral flexibility and anxiety-related behaviors and is considered a core component of the brain "anti-reward" system. These functions position the habenula to influence voluntary behaviors. Consistent with this view, emerging evidence points to alterations in habenula activity as important factors to contributing the loss of control over the use of drugs of abuse and the emergence of compulsive drug seeking behaviors. In this review, we will discuss the general functions of the MHb and LHb and describe how these functional properties allow this brain region to promote or suppress volitional behaviors. Then, we highlight mechanisms by which drugs of abuse may alter habenular activity, precipitating the emergence of addiction-relevant behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mathis
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029-6574, USA.
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029-6574, USA.
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289
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Logan RW, Parekh PK, Kaplan G, Becker-Krail D, Williams W, Yamaguchi S, Yoshino J, Shelton MA, Zhu X, Zhang H, Waplinger S, Fitzgerald E, Oliver-Smith J, Sundarvelu P, Enwright JF, Huang YH, McClung CA. NAD+ cellular redox and SIRT1 regulate the diurnal rhythms of tyrosine hydroxylase and conditioned cocaine reward. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1668-1684. [PMID: 29728703 PMCID: PMC6215755 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The diurnal regulation of dopamine is important for normal physiology and diseases such as addiction. Here we find a novel role for the CLOCK protein to antagonize CREB-mediated transcriptional activity at the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter, which is mediated by the interaction with the metabolic sensing protein, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Additionally, we demonstrate that the transcriptional activity of TH is modulated by the cellular redox state, and daily rhythms of redox balance in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), along with TH transcription, are highly disrupted following chronic cocaine administration. Furthermore, CLOCK and SIRT1 are important for regulating cocaine reward and dopaminergic (DAergic) activity, with interesting differences depending on whether DAergic activity is in a heightened state and if there is a functional CLOCK protein. Taken together, we find that rhythms in cellular metabolism and circadian proteins work together to regulate dopamine synthesis and the reward value for drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W. Logan
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA,Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609
| | - Puja K. Parekh
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Gabrielle Kaplan
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Darius Becker-Krail
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Wilbur Williams
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609
| | - Micah A. Shelton
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,School of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Spencer Waplinger
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Ethan Fitzgerald
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Jeffrey Oliver-Smith
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Poornima Sundarvelu
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - John F. Enwright
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | | | - Colleen A. McClung
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA,Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609,Correspondence: (C.A.M.)
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290
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Translational Molecular Approaches in Substance Abuse Research. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 258:31-60. [PMID: 31628598 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive abuse of psychoactive substances is one of the leading contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this book chapter, we review translational research strategies that are applied in the pursuit of new and more effective therapeutics for substance use disorder (SUD). The complex, multidimensional nature of psychiatric disorders like SUD presents difficult challenges to investigators. While animal models are critical for outlining the mechanistic relationships between defined behaviors and genetic and/or molecular changes, the heterogeneous pathophysiology of brain diseases is uniquely human, necessitating the use of human studies and translational research schemes. Translational research describes a cross-species approach in which findings from human patient-based data can be used to guide molecular genetic investigations in preclinical animal models in order to delineate the mechanisms of reward circuitry changes in the addicted state. Results from animal studies can then inform clinical investigations toward the development of novel treatments for SUD. Here we describe the strategies that are used to identify and functionally validate genetic variants in the human genome which may contribute to increased risk for SUD, starting from early candidate gene approaches to more recent genome-wide association studies. We will next examine studies aimed at understanding how transcriptional and epigenetic dysregulation in SUD can persistently alter cellular function in the disease state. In our discussion, we then focus on examples from the literature illustrating molecular genetic methodologies that have been applied to studies of different substances of abuse - from alcohol and nicotine to stimulants and opioids - in order to exemplify how these approaches can both delineate the underlying molecular systems driving drug addiction and provide insights into the genetic basis of SUD.
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291
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Smith RX, Guha A, Vaida F, Paul RH, Ances B. Prefrontal Recruitment Mitigates Risk-Taking Behavior in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Young Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 66:1595-1601. [PMID: 29177412 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (HIV+) young adults often engage in risk-taking behavior. However, the disruptive effects of HIV on the neurobiological underpinnings of risky decision making are not well understood. Methods Risky decision making, measured via the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), was compared voxel-wise to resting cerebral blood flow (rCBF) acquired via arterial spin labeling. Separate topographical maps were obtained for HIV-uninfected (HIV-; n = 62) and HIV+ (n = 41) young adults (18-24 years old) and were compared to the full cohort of participants. For the HIV+ group, rCBF was compared to recent and nadir CD4. Results IGT performance was supported by rCBF in 3 distinct brain regions: regions I, II, and III. The relationship between IGT performance and rCBF in HIV+ individuals was most robust in region I, the ventromedial prefrontal and insular cortices. Region II contained strong relationships for both HIV- and HIV+. Region III, dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, contained relationships that were strongest for HIV- controls. IGT performance was intact among HIV+ participants with higher rCBF in either region I or region III. By contrast, performance was worse among HIV+ individuals with lower rCBF in both regions I and III when compared to HIV- controls (P = .01). rCBF in region III was reduced in HIV+ compared with HIV- individuals (P = .04), and positively associated with nadir CD4 cell count (P = .02). Conclusions Recruitment of executive systems (region III) mitigates risk-taking behavior in HIV+ and HIV- individuals. Recruitment of reward systems (region I) mitigates risk-taking behavior when region III is disrupted due to immunological compromise. Identifying individual recruitment patterns may aid anatomically directed therapeutics or psychosocial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert X Smith
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Anika Guha
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Florin Vaida
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego
| | - Robert H Paul
- Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri in St Louis
| | - Beau Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri
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292
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Heterosynaptic GABA B Receptor Function within Feedforward Microcircuits Gates Glutamatergic Transmission in the Nucleus Accumbens Core. J Neurosci 2019; 39:9277-9293. [PMID: 31578230 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1395-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex circuit interactions within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) facilitate goal-directed behavior. Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) mediate NAc output by projecting to functionally divergent brain regions, a property conferred, in part, by the differential projection patterns of D1- and D2 dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs. Glutamatergic afferents to the NAc direct MSN output by recruiting feedforward inhibitory microcircuits comprised of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons (INs). Furthermore, the GABAB heteroreceptor (GABABR), a Gi/o-coupled G-protein-coupled receptor, is expressed at glutamatergic synapses throughout the mesolimbic network, yet its physiological context and synaptic mechanism within the NAc remains unknown. Here, we explored GABABR function at glutamatergic synapses within PV-IN-embedded microcircuits in the NAc core of male mice. We found that GABABR is expressed presynaptically and recruits a noncanonical signaling mechanism to reduce glutamatergic synaptic efficacy at D1(+) and D1(-) (putative D2) MSN subtypes. Furthermore, PV-INs, a robust source of neuronal GABA in the NAc, heterosynaptically target GABABR to selectively modulate glutamatergic transmission onto D1(+) MSNs. These findings elucidate a new mechanism of feedforward inhibition and refine mechanisms by which GABAB heteroreceptors modulate mesolimbic circuit function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Glutamatergic transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) critically contributes to goal-directed behaviors. However, intrinsic microcircuit mechanisms governing the integration of these synapses remain largely unknown. Here, we show that parvalbumin-expressing interneurons within feedforward microcircuits heterosynaptically target GABAB heteroreceptors (GABABR) on glutamate terminals. Activation of presynaptically-expressed GABABR decreases glutamatergic synaptic strength by engaging a non-canonical signaling pathway that interferes with vesicular exocytotic release machinery. These findings offer mechanistic insight into the role of GABAB heteroreceptors within reward circuitry, elucidate a novel arm to feedforward inhibitory networks, and inform the growing use of GABABR-selective pharmacotherapy for various motivational disorders, including addiction, major depressive disorder, and autism (Cousins et al., 2002; Kahn et al., 2009; Jacobson et al., 2018; Stoppel et al., 2018; Pisansky et al., 2019).
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293
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Ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and aversion differentially alter plasticity in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1843-1854. [PMID: 30795004 PMCID: PMC6785142 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Contextual cues associated with drugs of abuse, such as ethanol, can trigger craving and drug-seeking behavior. Pavlovian procedures, such as place conditioning, have been widely used to study the rewarding/aversive properties of drugs and the association between environmental cues and drug seeking. Previous research has shown that ethanol as an unconditioned stimulus can induce a strong conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) in rodents. However, the neural mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced reward and aversion have not been thoroughly investigated. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), an integral part of the extended amygdala, is engaged by both rewarding and aversive stimuli and plays a role in ethanol-seeking behavior. Here, we used ex-vivo slice physiology to probe learning-induced synaptic plasticity in the BNST following ethanol-induced CPP and CPA. Male DBA/2 J mice (2-3 months old) were conditioned using previously reported ethanol-induced CPP/CPA procedures. Ethanol-induced CPP was associated with increased neuronal excitability in the ventral BNST (vBNST). Conversely, ethanol-induced CPA resulted in a significant decrease in spontaneous glutamatergic transmission without alterations in GABAergic signaling. Ethanol-CPA also led to a significant increase in the paired-pulse ratio at excitatory synapses, suggestive of a decrease in presynaptic glutamate release. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the vBNST is involved in the modulation of contextual learning associated with both the rewarding and the aversive properties of ethanol in mice.
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294
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Vega-Villar M, Horvitz JC, Nicola SM. NMDA receptor-dependent plasticity in the nucleus accumbens connects reward-predictive cues to approach responses. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4429. [PMID: 31562332 PMCID: PMC6764993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning associations between environmental cues and rewards is a fundamental adaptive function. Via such learning, reward-predictive cues come to activate approach to locations where reward is available. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is essential for cued approach behavior in trained subjects, and cue-evoked excitations in NAc neurons are critical for the expression of this behavior. Excitatory synapses within the NAc undergo synaptic plasticity that presumably contributes to cued approach acquisition, but a direct link between synaptic plasticity within the NAc and the development of cue-evoked neural activity during learning has not been established. Here we show that, with repeated cue-reward pairings, cue-evoked excitations in the NAc emerge and grow in the trials prior to the detectable expression of cued approach behavior. We demonstrate that the growth of these signals requires NMDA receptor-dependent plasticity within the NAc, revealing a neural mechanism by which the NAc participates in learning of conditioned reward-seeking behaviors. Conditioned stimuli elicit phasic changes in nucleus accumbens (NAc) firing that invigorate approach responses to predicted rewards. Here the authors show that NAc neurons acquire cue-evoked responses during learning as a result of excitatory plasticity within the NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vega-Villar
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Department of Psychology, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, NAC 7/120, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Forchheimer Building, Room-111, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jon C Horvitz
- Department of Psychology, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, NAC 7/120, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Saleem M Nicola
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Forchheimer Building, Room-111, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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295
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Bhattacherjee A, Djekidel MN, Chen R, Chen W, Tuesta LM, Zhang Y. Cell type-specific transcriptional programs in mouse prefrontal cortex during adolescence and addiction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4169. [PMID: 31519873 PMCID: PMC6744514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated activity-induced transcriptional changes across multiple neuron subtypes of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) play a pivotal role in encoding and regulating major cognitive behaviors. Yet, the specific transcriptional programs in each neuron subtype remain unknown. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), here we comprehensively classify all unique cell subtypes in the PFC. We analyze transcriptional dynamics of each cell subtype under a naturally adaptive and an induced condition. Adaptive changes during adolescence (between P21 and P60), a highly dynamic phase of postnatal neuroplasticity, profoundly impacted transcription in each neuron subtype, including cell type-specific regulation of genes implicated in major neuropsychiatric disorders. On the other hand, an induced plasticity evoked by chronic cocaine addiction resulted in progressive transcriptional changes in multiple neuron subtypes and became most pronounced upon prolonged drug withdrawal. Our findings lay a foundation for understanding cell type-specific postnatal transcriptional dynamics under normal PFC function and in neuropsychiatric disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Bhattacherjee
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohamed Nadhir Djekidel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Renchao Chen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luis M Tuesta
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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296
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Garcia-Keller C, Neuhofer D, Bobadilla AC, Spencer S, Chioma VC, Monforton C, Kalivas PW. Extracellular Matrix Signaling Through β3 Integrin Mediates Cocaine Cue-Induced Transient Synaptic Plasticity and Relapse. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:377-387. [PMID: 31126696 PMCID: PMC6697624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cue-induced relapse to drug use is a primary symptom of cocaine addiction. Cue-induced transient excitatory synaptic potentiation (t-SP) induced in the nucleus accumbens mediates cued cocaine seeking in rat models of relapse. Cue-induced t-SP depends on extracellular signaling by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), but it is unknown how this catalytic activity communicates with nucleus accumbens neurons to induce t-SP and cocaine seeking. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats (N = 125) were trained to self-administer cocaine, after which self-administration was extinguished and then reinstated by cocaine-conditioned cues. We used a morpholino antisense strategy to knock down the β1 or β3 integrin subunits or inhibitors to prevent phosphorylation of the integrin signaling kinases focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or integrin-linked kinase. We quantified protein changes with immunoblotting and t-SP by measuring dendritic spine morphology and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid/N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate currents. Integrin signaling was stimulated by microinjecting an MMP activator or integrin peptide ligand into the accumbens. RESULTS Knockdown of β3 integrin or FAK inhibitor, but not β1 integrin or integrin-linked kinase inhibitor, prevented cue-induced cocaine seeking but not sucrose seeking. β3 integrin knockdown prevented t-SP as measured by preventing the cue-induced increases in both alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid/N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate ratio and spine head diameter. Activating MMP gelatinases with tissue plasminogen activator potentiated cue-induced reinstatement, which was prevented by β3 integrin knockdown and FAK inhibition. Stimulating integrin receptors with the RGD ligand liberated by MMP gelatinase activity also potentiated cued cocaine seeking. CONCLUSIONS Activation of MMP gelatinase in the extracellular space is necessary for and potentiates cued cocaine seeking. This extracellular catalysis stimulates β3 integrins and activates FAK to induce t-SP and promote cue-induced cocaine seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Garcia-Keller
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - Daniela Neuhofer
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ana-Clara Bobadilla
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sade Spencer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Vivian C Chioma
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Cara Monforton
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Peter W Kalivas
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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297
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Baimel C, McGarry LM, Carter AG. The Projection Targets of Medium Spiny Neurons Govern Cocaine-Evoked Synaptic Plasticity in the Nucleus Accumbens. Cell Rep 2019; 28:2256-2263.e3. [PMID: 31461643 PMCID: PMC6733522 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We examine synaptic connectivity and cocaine-evoked plasticity at specific networks within the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We identify distinct subpopulations of D1+ medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that project to either the ventral pallidum (D1+VP) or the ventral tegmental area (D1+VTA). We show that inputs from the ventral hippocampus (vHPC), but not the basolateral amygdala (BLA), are initially biased onto D1+VTA MSNs. However, repeated cocaine exposure eliminates the bias of vHPC inputs onto D1+VTA MSNs, while strengthening BLA inputs onto D1+VP MSNs. Our results reveal that connectivity and plasticity depend on the specific inputs and outputs of D1+ MSNs and highlight the complexity of cocaine-evoked circuit level adaptations in the NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey Baimel
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Laura M McGarry
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Adam G Carter
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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298
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Rouhani F, Khodarahmi P, Naseh V. NGF, BDNF and Arc mRNA Expression in the Hippocampus of Rats After Administration of Morphine. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2139-2146. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02851-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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299
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Lefevre E, Gooch H, Josh P, Alexander S, Eyles DW, Burne TH. Functional and molecular changes in the nucleus accumbens of MK-801-sensitized rats. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 30:383-395. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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300
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Shi JJ, Cao DN, Liu HF, Wang ZY, Lu GY, Wu N, Zhou WH, Li J. Dorsolateral striatal miR-134 modulates excessive methamphetamine intake in self-administering rats. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1029-1041. [PMID: 31152340 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that excessive drug consumption is sufficient for the transition from recreational and controlled drug use to uncontrolled use and addiction. However, the underlying mechanisms are debated. Some neurobehavioral and neuroimaging evidence indicates that dorsolateral striatum (dlStr)-dependent habit learning plays a key role in excessive drug intake and the transition to addiction, but little is known about the molecular events. The present study investigated whether dlStr miR-134, an important regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity, is involved in excessive methamphetamine intake. We established excessive and uncontrolled methamphetamine self-administration model in rats by permitting animals extended access to drug (6 h/session/d, LgA group), whereas animals that were limited to access to drug (2 h/session/d, ShA group) exhibited low and controlled self-administration. miR-134 expression in dlStr was significantly increased and its target LIMK1 expression was decreased in the LgA group, but not in the ShA group, compared with the saline control group. However, passive methamphetamine exposure did not alter miR-134 and LIMK1 levels in dlStr. We also found that down-regulation of miR-134 in dlStr through local microinjection of a lentivirus carrying miR-134 sponge (LV-miR-134-Sil) significantly reduced methamphetamine infusions and excessive consumption in LgA group, rather than ShA group. These results indicated that dlStr miR-134, perhaps via its target LIMK1, contributed to excessive and uncontrolled methamphetamine intake, supporting the hypothesis that stimulus-response habit formation is an important mechanism underlying the transition from controlled drug use to uncontrolled drug use and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Dan-Ni Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui-Fen Liu
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 42th Xibei Str, Ningbo, 315010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guan-Yi Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Zhou
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 42th Xibei Str, Ningbo, 315010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
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