251
|
Shahbaaz M, Rahman S, Khan P, Kim J, Hassan MI. Classification and structural analyses of mutational landscapes in hemochromatosis factor E protein: A protein defective in the hereditary hemochromatosis. GENE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
252
|
Mishra C, Kumar S, Yathish H. Predicting the effect of non synonymous SNPs in bovine TLR4 gene. GENE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
253
|
Porto WF, Nolasco DO, Pires ÁS, Pereira RW, Franco OL, Alencar SA. Prediction of the impact of coding missense and nonsense single nucleotide polymorphisms on HD5 and HBD1 antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Biopolymers 2017; 106:633-44. [PMID: 27160989 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Defensins confer host defense against microorganisms and are important for human health. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in defensin gene-coding regions could lead to less active variants. Using SNP data available at the dbSNP database and frequency information from the 1000 Genomes Project, two DEFA5 (L26I and R13H) and eight DEFB1 (C35S, K31T, K33R, R29G, V06I, C12Y, Y28* and C05*) missense and nonsense SNPs that are located within mature regions of the coded defensins were retrieved. Such SNPs are rare and population restricted. In order to assess their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, two linear regression models were used from a previous work, which models the antibacterial activity as a function of solvation potential energy, using molecular dynamics data. Regarding only the antibacterial predictions, for HD5, no biological differences between wild-type and its variants were observed; while for HBD1, the results suggest that the R29G, K31T, Y28* and C05* variants could be less active than the wild-type one. The data here reported could lead to a substantial improvement in knowledge about the impact of missense SNPs in human defensins and their world distribution. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 633-644, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William F Porto
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Centro De Análises Proteômicas E Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Diego O Nolasco
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Állan S Pires
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Centro De Análises Proteômicas E Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo W Pereira
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Centro De Análises Proteômicas E Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,S-Inova Biotech, Pos-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio A Alencar
- Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas E Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica De Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
254
|
Park Y, Pacitto A, Bayliss T, Cleghorn LAT, Wang Z, Hartman T, Arora K, Ioerger TR, Sacchettini J, Rizzi M, Donini S, Blundell TL, Ascher DB, Rhee K, Breda A, Zhou N, Dartois V, Jonnala SR, Via LE, Mizrahi V, Epemolu O, Stojanovski L, Simeons F, Osuna-Cabello M, Ellis L, MacKenzie CJ, Smith ARC, Davis SH, Murugesan D, Buchanan KI, Turner PA, Huggett M, Zuccotto F, Rebollo-Lopez MJ, Lafuente-Monasterio MJ, Sanz O, Diaz GS, Lelièvre J, Ballell L, Selenski C, Axtman M, Ghidelli-Disse S, Pflaumer H, Bösche M, Drewes G, Freiberg GM, Kurnick MD, Srikumaran M, Kempf DJ, Green SR, Ray PC, Read K, Wyatt P, Barry CE, Boshoff HI. Essential but Not Vulnerable: Indazole Sulfonamides Targeting Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase as Potential Leads against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACS Infect Dis 2017; 3:18-33. [PMID: 27704782 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A potent, noncytotoxic indazole sulfonamide was identified by high-throughput screening of >100,000 synthetic compounds for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This noncytotoxic compound did not directly inhibit cell wall biogenesis but triggered a slow lysis of Mtb cells as measured by release of intracellular green fluorescent protein (GFP). Isolation of resistant mutants followed by whole-genome sequencing showed an unusual gene amplification of a 40 gene region spanning from Rv3371 to Rv3411c and in one case a potential promoter mutation upstream of guaB2 (Rv3411c) encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Subsequent biochemical validation confirmed direct inhibition of IMPDH by an uncompetitive mode of inhibition, and growth inhibition could be rescued by supplementation with guanine, a bypass mechanism for the IMPDH pathway. Beads containing immobilized indazole sulfonamides specifically interacted with IMPDH in cell lysates. X-ray crystallography of the IMPDH-IMP-inhibitor complex revealed that the primary interactions of these compounds with IMPDH were direct pi-pi interactions with the IMP substrate. Advanced lead compounds in this series with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties failed to show efficacy in acute or chronic murine models of tuberculosis (TB). Time-kill experiments in vitro suggest that sustained exposure to drug concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 24 h were required for a cidal effect, levels that have been difficult to achieve in vivo. Direct measurement of guanine levels in resected lung tissue from tuberculosis-infected animals and patients revealed 0.5-2 mM concentrations in caseum and normal lung tissue. The high lesional levels of guanine and the slow lytic, growth-rate-dependent effect of IMPDH inhibition pose challenges to developing drugs against this target for use in treating TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Park
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
| | - Angela Pacitto
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy Bayliss
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Laura A. T. Cleghorn
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Zhe Wang
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Travis Hartman
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kriti Arora
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
| | - Thomas R. Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jim Sacchettini
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio
6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Donini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio
6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Tom L. Blundell
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - David B. Ascher
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Kyu Rhee
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ardala Breda
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Veronique Dartois
- Public
Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Surendranadha Reddy Jonnala
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
| | - Laura E. Via
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
- MRC/NHLS/UCT
Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Institute of Infectious
Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
| | - Valerie Mizrahi
- MRC/NHLS/UCT
Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Institute of Infectious
Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
| | - Ola Epemolu
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Laste Stojanovski
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Fred Simeons
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Osuna-Cabello
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Ellis
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Claire J. MacKenzie
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair R. C. Smith
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Susan H. Davis
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Dinakaran Murugesan
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsteen I. Buchanan
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope A. Turner
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Huggett
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Zuccotto
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Jose Rebollo-Lopez
- Diseases
of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Calle Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Olalla Sanz
- Diseases
of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Calle Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Santos Diaz
- Diseases
of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Calle Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joël Lelièvre
- Diseases
of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Calle Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis Ballell
- Diseases
of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Calle Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolyn Selenski
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Crescent Drive, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19112, United States
| | - Matthew Axtman
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Crescent Drive, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19112, United States
| | - Sonja Ghidelli-Disse
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Pflaumer
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Bösche
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gail M. Freiberg
- AbbVie Molecular Characterization, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Matthew D. Kurnick
- AbbVie Molecular Characterization, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Myron Srikumaran
- AbbVie Molecular Characterization, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Dale J. Kempf
- AbbVie Molecular Characterization, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Simon R. Green
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter C. Ray
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Read
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Wyatt
- Drug
Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Clifton E. Barry
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
- MRC/NHLS/UCT
Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Institute of Infectious
Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
| | - Helena I. Boshoff
- Tuberculosis
Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3206, United States
| |
Collapse
|
255
|
Srinivasan E, Rajasekaran R. Computational investigation of the human SOD1 mutant, Cys146Arg, that directs familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations along with the computational predictions used to assess the protein structural characterization as well as the conformational preferences of the monomeric native and mutant SOD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Srinivasan
- Bioinformatics Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology
- VIT University
- Vellore 632014
| | - R. Rajasekaran
- Bioinformatics Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology
- VIT University
- Vellore 632014
| |
Collapse
|
256
|
Abstract
In proteins, certain amino acids may play a critical role in determining their structure and function. Examples include flexible regions, which allow domain motions, and highly conserved residues on functional interfaces, which play a role in binding and interaction with other proteins. Detecting these regions facilitates the analysis and simulation of protein rigidity and conformational changes, and aids in characterizing protein-protein binding. We present a protocol that combines graph-theory rigidity analysis and machine-learning-based methods for predicting critical residues in proteins. Our approach combines amino-acid specific information and data obtained by two complementary methods. One method, KINARI, performs graph-based analysis to find rigid clusters of amino acids in a protein, while the other method relies on evolutionary conservation scores to find functional interfaces in proteins. Our machine learning model combines both methods, in addition to amino acid type and solvent-accessible surface area.
Collapse
|
257
|
Hassan M, Abbas Q, Raza H, Moustafa AA, Seo SY. Computational analysis of histidine mutations on the structural stability of human tyrosinases leading to albinism insurgence. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017. [PMID: 28640309 DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Misfolding and structural alteration in proteins lead to serious malfunctions and cause various diseases in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Kongju National University
- Chungnam 32588
- Republic of Korea
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Biological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Kongju National University
- Chungnam 32588
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Kongju National University
- Chungnam 32588
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed A. Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology
- Western Sydney University
- Australia
- MARCS Institute for Brain and Behaviour
- Western Sydney University
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Kongju National University
- Chungnam 32588
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
258
|
Bruque CD, Delea M, Fernández CS, Orza JV, Taboas M, Buzzalino N, Espeche LD, Solari A, Luccerini V, Alba L, Nadra AD, Dain L. Structure-based activity prediction of CYP21A2 stability variants: A survey of available gene variations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39082. [PMID: 27966633 PMCID: PMC5155424 DOI: 10.1038/srep39082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency accounts for 90-95% of CAH cases. In this work we performed an extensive survey of mutations and SNPs modifying the coding sequence of the CYP21A2 gene. Using bioinformatic tools and two plausible CYP21A2 structures as templates, we initially classified all known mutants (n = 343) according to their putative functional impacts, which were either reported in the literature or inferred from structural models. We then performed a detailed analysis on the subset of mutations believed to exclusively impact protein stability. For those mutants, the predicted stability was calculated and correlated with the variant's expected activity. A high concordance was obtained when comparing our predictions with available in vitro residual activities and/or the patient's phenotype. The predicted stability and derived activity of all reported mutations and SNPs lacking functional assays (n = 108) were assessed. As expected, most of the SNPs (52/76) showed no biological implications. Moreover, this approach was applied to evaluate the putative synergy that could emerge when two mutations occurred in cis. In addition, we propose a putative pathogenic effect of five novel mutations, p.L107Q, p.L122R, p.R132H, p.P335L and p.H466fs, found in 21-hydroxylase deficient patients of our cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D Bruque
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisol Delea
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Juan V Orza
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa Taboas
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noemí Buzzalino
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía D Espeche
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Solari
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Liliana Alba
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro D Nadra
- Departamento de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Dain
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
259
|
Heimer G, Kerätär J, Riley L, Balasubramaniam S, Eyal E, Pietikäinen L, Hiltunen JK, Marek-Yagel D, Hamada J, Gregory A, Rogers C, Hogarth P, Nance MA, Shalva N, Veber A, Tzadok M, Nissenkorn A, Tonduti D, Renaldo F, Kraoua I, Panteghini C, Valletta L, Garavaglia B, Cowley MJ, Gayevskiy V, Roscioli T, Silberstein JM, Hoffmann C, Raas-Rothschild A, Tiranti V, Anikster Y, Christodoulou J, Kastaniotis AJ, Ben-Zeev B, Hayflick SJ, Bamshad M, Leal S, Nickerson D, Anderson P, Annable M, Blue E, Buckingham K, Chin J, Chong J, Cornejo R, Davis C, Frazar C, He Z, Jarvik G, Jimenez G, Johanson E, Kolar T, Krauter S, Luksic D, Marvin C, McGee S, McGoldrick D, Patterson K, Perez M, Phillips S, Pijoan J, Robertson P, Santos-Cortez R, Shankar A, Slattery K, Shively K, Siegel D, Smith J, Tackett M, Wang G, Wegener M, Weiss J, Wernick R, Wheeler M, Yi Q. MECR Mutations Cause Childhood-Onset Dystonia and Optic Atrophy, a Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis Disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1229-1244. [PMID: 27817865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway essential for the function of the respiratory chain and several mitochondrial enzyme complexes. We report here a unique neurometabolic human disorder caused by defective mtFAS. Seven individuals from five unrelated families presented with childhood-onset dystonia, optic atrophy, and basal ganglia signal abnormalities on MRI. All affected individuals were found to harbor recessive mutations in MECR encoding the mitochondrial trans-2-enoyl-coenzyme A-reductase involved in human mtFAS. All six mutations are extremely rare in the general population, segregate with the disease in the families, and are predicted to be deleterious. The nonsense c.855T>G (p.Tyr285∗), c.247_250del (p.Asn83Hisfs∗4), and splice site c.830+2_830+3insT mutations lead to C-terminal truncation variants of MECR. The missense c.695G>A (p.Gly232Glu), c.854A>G (p.Tyr285Cys), and c.772C>T (p.Arg258Trp) mutations involve conserved amino acid residues, are located within the cofactor binding domain, and are predicted by structural analysis to have a destabilizing effect. Yeast modeling and complementation studies validated the pathogenicity of the MECR mutations. Fibroblast cell lines from affected individuals displayed reduced levels of both MECR and lipoylated proteins as well as defective respiration. These results suggest that mutations in MECR cause a distinct human disorder of the mtFAS pathway. The observation of decreased lipoylation raises the possibility of a potential therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
|
260
|
Wu X, Chavez JD, Schweppe DK, Zheng C, Weisbrod CR, Eng JK, Murali A, Lee SA, Ramage E, Gallagher LA, Kulasekara HD, Edrozo ME, Kamischke CN, Brittnacher MJ, Miller SI, Singh PK, Manoil C, Bruce JE. In vivo protein interaction network analysis reveals porin-localized antibiotic inactivation in Acinetobacter baumannii strain AB5075. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13414. [PMID: 27834373 PMCID: PMC5114622 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide and is a challenge for treatment due to its evolved resistance to antibiotics, including carbapenems. Here, to gain insight on A. baumannii antibiotic resistance mechanisms, we analyse the protein interaction network of a multidrug-resistant A. baumannii clinical strain (AB5075). Using in vivo chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry, we identify 2,068 non-redundant cross-linked peptide pairs containing 245 intra- and 398 inter-molecular interactions. Outer membrane proteins OmpA and YiaD, and carbapenemase Oxa-23 are hubs of the identified interaction network. Eighteen novel interactors of Oxa-23 are identified. Interactions of Oxa-23 with outer membrane porins OmpA and CarO are verified with co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Furthermore, transposon mutagenesis of oxa-23 or interactors of Oxa-23 demonstrates changes in meropenem or imipenem sensitivity in strain AB5075. These results provide a view of porin-localized antibiotic inactivation and increase understanding of bacterial antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Juan D. Chavez
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Devin K. Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Chunxiang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Chad R. Weisbrod
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Jimmy K. Eng
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Ananya Murali
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Samuel A. Lee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramage
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Larry A. Gallagher
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | | | - Mauna E. Edrozo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel I. Miller
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Colin Manoil
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - James E. Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building Room 154, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
261
|
Rechavi E, Lev A, Eyal E, Barel O, Kol N, Barhom SF, Pode-Shakked B, Anikster Y, Somech R, Simon AJ. A Novel Mutation in a Critical Region for the Methyl Donor Binding in DNMT3B Causes Immunodeficiency, Centromeric Instability, and Facial Anomalies Syndrome (ICF). J Clin Immunol 2016; 36:801-809. [PMID: 27734333 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disease. The immune phenotype is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia in the presence of B cells. T cell lymphopenia also develops in some patients. We sought to further investigate the immune defect in an ICF patient with a novel missense mutation in DNMT3B and a severe phenotype. METHODS Patient lymphocytes were examined for subset counts, immunoglobulin levels, T and B cell de novo production (via excision circles) and receptor repertoire diversity. Mutated DNMT3B protein structure was modeled to assess the effect of a mutation located outside of the catalytic region on protein function. RESULTS A novel homozygous missense mutation, Ala585Thr, was found in DNMT3B. The patient had decreased B cell counts with hypogammaglobulinemia, and normal T cell counts. CD4+ T cells decreased over time, leading to an inversion of the CD4+ to CD8+ ratio. Excision circle copy numbers were normal, signifying normal de novo lymphocyte production, but the ratio between naïve and total B cells was low, indicating decreased in vivo B cell replication. T and B cell receptor repertoires displayed normal diversity. Computerized modeling of the mutated Ala585 residue suggested reduced thermostability, possibly affecting the enzyme kinetics. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the existence of a T cell defect that develops over time in ICF patient, in addition to the known B cell dysfunction. With intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment ameliorating the B cell defect, the extent of CD4+ lymphopenia may determine the severity of ICF immunodeficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erez Rechavi
- Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Service, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Atar Lev
- Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Service, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eran Eyal
- Cancer Research Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- Cancer Research Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nitzan Kol
- Cancer Research Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sarit Farage Barhom
- Cancer Research Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yair Anikster
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Service, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Amos J Simon
- Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Service, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Cancer Research Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Institute of Hematology, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
262
|
Protein stabilization improves STAT3 function in autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome. Blood 2016; 128:3061-3072. [PMID: 27799162 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-702373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is caused by dominant-negative mutations in STAT3; however, the molecular basis for mutant STAT3 allele dysfunction is unclear and treatment remains supportive. We hypothesized that AD-HIES mutations decrease STAT3 protein stability and that mutant STAT3 activity can be improved by agents that increase chaperone protein activity. We used computer modeling to characterize the effect of STAT3 mutations on protein stability. We measured STAT3 protein half-life (t1/2) and determined levels of STAT3 phosphorylated on tyrosine (Y) 705 (pY-STAT3) and mRNA levels of STAT3 gene targets in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B (EBV) cells, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and mouse splenocytes incubated without or with chaperone protein modulators-HSF1A, a small-molecule TRiC modulator, or geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), a drug that upregulates heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and HSP90. Computer modeling predicted that 81% of AD-HIES mutations are destabilizing. STAT3 protein t1/2 in EBV cells from AD-HIES patients with destabilizing STAT3 mutations was markedly reduced. Treatment of EBV cells containing destabilizing STAT3 mutations with either HSF1A or GGA normalized STAT3 t1/2, increased pY-STAT3 levels, and increased mRNA levels of STAT3 target genes up to 79% of control. In addition, treatment of human PBMCs or mouse splenocytes containing destabilizing STAT3 mutations with either HSF1A or GGA increased levels of cytokine-activated pY-STAT3 within human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and numbers of IL-17-producing CD4+ mouse splenocytes, respectively. Thus, most AD-HIES STAT3 mutations are destabilizing; agents that modulate chaperone protein function improve STAT3 stability and activity in T cells and may provide a specific treatment.
Collapse
|
263
|
Citro V, Peña-García J, den-Haan H, Pérez-Sánchez H, Del Prete R, Liguori L, Cimmaruta C, Lukas J, Cubellis MV, Andreotti G. Identification of an Allosteric Binding Site on Human Lysosomal Alpha-Galactosidase Opens the Way to New Pharmacological Chaperones for Fabry Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165463. [PMID: 27788225 PMCID: PMC5082870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized therapies are required for Fabry disease due to its large phenotypic spectrum and numerous different genotypes. In principle, missense mutations that do not affect the active site could be rescued with pharmacological chaperones. At present pharmacological chaperones for Fabry disease bind the active site and couple a stabilizing effect, which is required, to an inhibitory effect, which is deleterious. By in silico docking we identified an allosteric hot-spot for ligand binding where a drug-like compound, 2,6-dithiopurine, binds preferentially. 2,6-dithiopurine stabilizes lysosomal alpha-galactosidase in vitro and rescues a mutant that is not responsive to a mono-therapy with previously described pharmacological chaperones, 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin and galactose in a cell based assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Citro
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Napoli, 80126, Italy
| | - Jorge Peña-García
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Helena den-Haan
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
- * E-mail: (MVC); (HPS)
| | - Rosita Del Prete
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Napoli, 80126, Italy
| | - Ludovica Liguori
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare–CNR, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Chiara Cimmaruta
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare–CNR, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Jan Lukas
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration, Medical University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Vittoria Cubellis
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- * E-mail: (MVC); (HPS)
| | | |
Collapse
|
264
|
Tanyalcin I, Stouffs K, Daneels D, Al Assaf C, Lissens W, Jansen A, Gheldof A. Convert your favorite protein modeling program into a mutation predictor: "MODICT". BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17:425. [PMID: 27760515 PMCID: PMC5070100 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-016-1286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Predict whether a mutation is deleterious based on the custom 3D model of a protein. Results We have developed modict, a mutation prediction tool which is based on per residue rmsd (root mean square deviation) values of superimposed 3D protein models. Our mathematical algorithm was tested for 42 described mutations in multiple genes including renin (REN), beta-tubulin (TUBB2B), biotinidase (BTD), sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase-1 (SMPD1), phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) and medium chain Acyl-Coa dehydrogenase (ACADM). Moreover, modict scores corresponded to experimentally verified residual enzyme activities in mutated biotinidase, phenylalanine hydroxylase and medium chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Several commercially available prediction algorithms were tested and results were compared. The modictperl package and the manual can be downloaded from https://github.com/IbrahimTanyalcin/MODICT. Conclusions We show here that modict is capable tool for mutation effect prediction at the protein level, using superimposed 3D protein models instead of sequence based algorithms used by polyphen and sift. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-016-1286-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Tanyalcin
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium. .,Neurogenetics Research Group, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium.
| | - Katrien Stouffs
- Center for Medical Genetics, Reproduction and Genetics, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium
| | - Dorien Daneels
- Center for Medical Genetics, Reproduction and Genetics, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium
| | - Carla Al Assaf
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Willy Lissens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Reproduction and Genetics, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium
| | - Anna Jansen
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium.,Neurogenetics Research Group, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium.,Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium
| | - Alexander Gheldof
- Center for Medical Genetics, Reproduction and Genetics, Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussel, 1090, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
265
|
Al-Barry MA, Albalawi AM, Sayf MA, Badawi A, Afzal S, Latif M, Samman MI, Basit S. Sequence analysis of four vitamin D family genes (VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1 and CYP2R1) in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) patients: identification of a potentially pathogenic variant in CYP2R1. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:172. [PMID: 27716192 PMCID: PMC5050582 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VKH is a rare autoimmune disease. Decreased level of vitamin D has recently been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. This study was designed to screen the vitamin D pathway genes for pathogenic mutations, if any, in VKH patients. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from patients with VKH disease and healthy controls. Entire coding region, exon-intron junctions of four genes were sequenced in DNA from 39 Saudi VKH patients and 50 ethnically matched healthy individuals. All patients and controls were unrelated. RESULTS Vitamin D levels in VKH patients were found either insufficient (21-29 ng/mL) or deficient (<20 ng/mL). Sequencing analysis of the VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 detected twelve nucleotide changes in these genes in our cohort of 39 patients; 4 of which were non-coding, 6 were synonymous coding and 2 were non-synonymous coding sequence changes. All synonymous coding variants were benign polymorphisms with no apparent clinical significance. A non-synonymous coding sequence variant (c.2 T > C; p.1Met?) found in VDR is an initiation coding change and was detected in control individuals as well, while another variant (c.852G > A; p.284 M > I) found in CYP2R1 is predicted to be disease causing by mutationtaster software. This potentially pathogenic variant was found in 17 out of 39 VKH patients. CONCLUSIONS Screening of four Vitamin D pathway genes in 39 VKH patients shows that a potentially pathogenic sequence variant in CYP2R1 may cause VKH in a subset of patients. These findings support the previous observation that low vitamin D levels might play a role in VKH pathogenesis and mutations in genes involved in vitamin D anabolism and catabolism might be of importance in VKH pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ma'an Abdullah Al-Barry
- College of Medicine, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Magribi Hospital, Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia M Albalawi
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, 30001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abu Sayf
- College of Medicine, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Badawi
- College of Medicine, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sibtain Afzal
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, 30001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I Samman
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, 30001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulman Basit
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah, Medina, 30001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
266
|
Peng Y, Alexov E. Cofactors-loaded quaternary structure of lysine-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C) protein: Computational model. Proteins 2016; 84:1797-1809. [PMID: 27696497 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The KDM5C gene (also known as JARID1C and SMCX) is located on the X chromosome and encodes a ubiquitously expressed 1560-aa protein, which plays an important role in lysine methylation (specifically reverses tri- and di-methylation of Lys4 of histone H3). Currently, 13 missense mutations in KDM5C have been linked to X-linked mental retardation. However, the molecular mechanism of disease is currently unknown due to the experimental difficulties in expressing such large protein and the lack of experimental 3D structure. In this work, we utilize homology modeling, docking, and experimental data to predict 3D structures of KDM5C domains and their mutual arrangement. The resulting quaternary structure includes KDM5C JmjN, ARID, PHD1, JmjC, ZF domains, substrate histone peptide, enzymatic cofactors, and DNA. The predicted quaternary structure was investigated with molecular dynamic simulation for its stability, and further analysis was carried out to identify features measured experimentally. The predicted structure of KDM5C was used to investigate the effects of disease-causing mutations and it was shown that the mutations alter domain stability and inter-domain interactions. The structural model reported in this work could prompt experimental investigations of KDM5C domain-domain interaction and exploration of undiscovered functionalities. Proteins 2016; 84:1797-1809. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Peng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Emil Alexov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| |
Collapse
|
267
|
de Saint Germain A, Clavé G, Badet-Denisot MA, Pillot JP, Cornu D, Le Caer JP, Burger M, Pelissier F, Retailleau P, Turnbull C, Bonhomme S, Chory J, Rameau C, Boyer FD. An histidine covalent receptor and butenolide complex mediates strigolactone perception. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 12:787-794. [PMID: 27479744 PMCID: PMC5030144 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactone plant hormones control plant architecture and are key players in both symbiotic and parasitic interactions. They contain an ABC tricyclic lactone connected to a butenolide group, the D ring. The DWARF14 (D14) strigolactone receptor belongs to the superfamily of α/β-hydrolases, and is known to hydrolyze the bond between the ABC lactone and the D ring. Here we characterized the binding and catalytic functions of RAMOSUS3 (RMS3), the pea (Pisum sativum) ortholog of rice (Oryza sativa) D14 strigolactone receptor. Using new profluorescent probes with strigolactone-like bioactivity, we found that RMS3 acts as a single-turnover enzyme that explains its apparent low enzymatic rate. We demonstrated the formation of a covalent RMS3-D-ring complex, essential for bioactivity, in which the D ring was attached to histidine 247 of the catalytic triad. These results reveal an undescribed mechanism of plant hormone reception in which the receptor performs an irreversible enzymatic reaction to generate its own ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre de Saint Germain
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guillaume Clavé
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Ange Badet-Denisot
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pillot
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - David Cornu
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, CEA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Le Caer
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marco Burger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Frank Pelissier
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Colin Turnbull
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Bonhomme
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Joanne Chory
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Catherine Rameau
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
268
|
A mutation in ADIPOR1 causes nonsyndromic autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. Hum Genet 2016; 135:1375-1387. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
269
|
Acuña M, Castro-Fernández V, Latorre M, Castro J, Schuchman EH, Guixé V, González M, Zanlungo S. Structural and functional analysis of the ASM p.Ala359Asp mutant that causes acid sphingomyelinase deficiency. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:496-501. [PMID: 27659707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) type A and B are recessive hereditary disorders caused by deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). The p.Ala359Asp mutation has been described in several patients but its functional and structural effects in the protein are unknown. In order to characterize this mutation, we modeled the three-dimensional ASM structure using the recent available crystal of the mammalian ASM as a template. We found that the p.Ala359Asp mutation is localized in the hydrophobic core and far from the sphingomyelin binding site. However, energy function calculations using statistical potentials indicate that the mutation causes a decrease in ASM stability. Therefore, we investigated the functional effect of the p.Ala359Asp mutation in ASM expression, secretion, localization and activity in human fibroblasts. We found a 3.8% residual ASM activity compared to the wild-type enzyme, without changes in the other parameters evaluated. These results support the hypothesis that the p.Ala359Asp mutation causes structural alterations in the hydrophobic environment where ASM is located, decreasing its enzymatic activity. A similar effect was observed in other previously described NPDB mutations located outside the active site of the enzyme. This work shows the first full size ASM mutant model describe at date, providing a complete analysis of the structural and functional effects of the p.Ala359Asp mutation over the stability and activity of the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Acuña
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center of Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Mauricio Latorre
- Center of Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Castro
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Guixé
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Center of Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center of Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
270
|
Wang IX, Grunseich C, Chung YG, Kwak H, Ramrattan G, Zhu Z, Cheung VG. RNA-DNA sequence differences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genome Res 2016; 26:1544-1554. [PMID: 27638543 PMCID: PMC5088596 DOI: 10.1101/gr.207878.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of RNA sequences and structures, such as those from editing and alternative splicing, result in two or more RNA transcripts from a DNA template. It was thought that in yeast, RNA editing only occurs in tRNAs. Here, we found that Saccharomyces cerevisiae have all 12 types of RNA–DNA sequence differences (RDDs) in the mRNA. We showed these sequence differences are propagated to proteins, as we identified peptides encoded by the RNA sequences in addition to those by the DNA sequences at RDD sites. RDDs are significantly enriched at regions with R-loops. A screen of yeast mutants showed that RDD formation is affected by mutations in genes regulating R-loops. Loss-of-function mutations in ribonuclease H, senataxin, and topoisomerase I that resolve RNA–DNA hybrids lead to increases in RDD frequency. Our results demonstrate that RDD is a conserved process that diversifies transcriptomes and proteomes and provide a mechanistic link between R-loops and RDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel X Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Christopher Grunseich
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Youree G Chung
- College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Hojoong Kwak
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Girish Ramrattan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Zhengwei Zhu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Vivian G Cheung
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
271
|
Marcolino ACS, Porto WF, Pires ÁS, Franco OL, Alencar SA. Structural impact analysis of missense SNPs present in the uroguanylin gene by long-term molecular dynamics simulations. J Theor Biol 2016; 410:9-17. [PMID: 27620667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The guanylate cyclase activator 2B, also known as uroguanylin, is part of the guanylin peptide family, which includes peptides such as guanylin and lymphoguanylin. The guanylin peptides could be related to sodium absorption inhibition and water secretion induction and their dysfunction may be related to various pathologies such as chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure and nephrotic syndrome. Besides, uroguanylin point mutations have been associated with essential hypertension. However, currently there are no studies on the impact of missense SNPs on uroguanylin structure. This study applied in silico SNP impact prediction tools to evaluate the impact of uroguanylin missense SNPs and to filter those considered as convergent deleterious, which were then further analyzed through long-term molecular dynamics simulations of 1μs of duration. The simulations suggested that all missense SNPs considered as convergent deleterious caused some kind of structural change to the uroguanylin peptide. Additionally, four of these SNPs were also shown to cause modifications in peptide flexibility, possibly resulting in functional changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C S Marcolino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - William F Porto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Állan S Pires
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Octavio L Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Sérgio A Alencar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
272
|
Roberti A, Dobay MP, Bisig B, Vallois D, Boéchat C, Lanitis E, Bouchindhomme B, Parrens MC, Bossard C, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Missiaglia E, Gaulard P, de Leval L. Type II enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma features a unique genomic profile with highly recurrent SETD2 alterations. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12602. [PMID: 27600764 PMCID: PMC5023950 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL), a rare and aggressive intestinal malignancy of intraepithelial T lymphocytes, comprises two disease variants (EATL-I and EATL-II) differing in clinical characteristics and pathological features. Here we report findings derived from whole-exome sequencing of 15 EATL-II tumour-normal tissue pairs. The tumour suppressor gene SETD2 encoding a non-redundant H3K36-specific trimethyltransferase is altered in 14/15 cases (93%), mainly by loss-of-function mutations and/or loss of the corresponding locus (3p21.31). These alterations consistently correlate with defective H3K36 trimethylation. The JAK/STAT pathway comprises recurrent STAT5B (60%), JAK3 (46%) and SH2B3 (20%) mutations, including a STAT5B V712E activating variant. In addition, frequent mutations in TP53, BRAF and KRAS are observed. Conversely, in EATL-I, no SETD2, STAT5B or JAK3 mutations are found, and H3K36 trimethylation is preserved. This study describes SETD2 inactivation as EATL-II molecular hallmark, supports EATL-I and -II being two distinct entities, and defines potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Roberti
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Pamela Dobay
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics - Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Bisig
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Vallois
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cloé Boéchat
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evripidis Lanitis
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, Biopôle III, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Bouchindhomme
- Institute of Pathology, CHR-U de Lille/Université de Lille II, Avenue Oscar Lambret, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Parrens
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Bordeaux, Hopital du Haut Lévêque, Avenue Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Céline Bossard
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Nantes - Hôtel Dieu, 9 quai Moncousu - Plateau technique 1, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Edoardo Missiaglia
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics - Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, INSERM U955, and University Paris-Est, 51 Avenue du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Laurence de Leval
- University Institute of Pathology, Service of Clinical Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 25 rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
273
|
Kroncke BM, Duran AM, Mendenhall JL, Meiler J, Blume JD, Sanders CR. Documentation of an Imperative To Improve Methods for Predicting Membrane Protein Stability. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5002-9. [PMID: 27564391 PMCID: PMC5024705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
There
is a compelling and growing need to accurately predict the
impact of amino acid mutations on protein stability for problems in
personalized medicine and other applications. Here the ability of
10 computational tools to accurately predict mutation-induced perturbation
of folding stability (ΔΔG) for membrane
proteins of known structure was assessed. All methods for predicting
ΔΔG values performed significantly worse
when applied to membrane proteins than when applied to soluble proteins,
yielding estimated concordance, Pearson, and Spearman correlation
coefficients of <0.4 for membrane proteins. Rosetta and PROVEAN
showed a modest ability to classify mutations as destabilizing (ΔΔG < −0.5 kcal/mol), with a 7 in 10 chance of correctly
discriminating a randomly chosen destabilizing variant from a randomly
chosen stabilizing variant. However, even this performance is significantly
worse than for soluble proteins. This study highlights the need for
further development of reliable and reproducible methods for predicting
thermodynamic folding stability in membrane proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Kroncke
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Amanda M Duran
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Mendenhall
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Blume
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Charles R Sanders
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Center for Structural Biology, §Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, and ∥Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| |
Collapse
|
274
|
Lugo-Martinez J, Pejaver V, Pagel KA, Jain S, Mort M, Cooper DN, Mooney SD, Radivojac P. The Loss and Gain of Functional Amino Acid Residues Is a Common Mechanism Causing Human Inherited Disease. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1005091. [PMID: 27564311 PMCID: PMC5001644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the precise molecular events altered by disease-causing genetic variants represents a major challenge in translational bioinformatics. To this end, many studies have investigated the structural and functional impact of amino acid substitutions. Most of these studies were however limited in scope to either individual molecular functions or were concerned with functional effects (e.g. deleterious vs. neutral) without specifically considering possible molecular alterations. The recent growth of structural, molecular and genetic data presents an opportunity for more comprehensive studies to consider the structural environment of a residue of interest, to hypothesize specific molecular effects of sequence variants and to statistically associate these effects with genetic disease. In this study, we analyzed data sets of disease-causing and putatively neutral human variants mapped to protein 3D structures as part of a systematic study of the loss and gain of various types of functional attribute potentially underlying pathogenic molecular alterations. We first propose a formal model to assess probabilistically function-impacting variants. We then develop an array of structure-based functional residue predictors, evaluate their performance, and use them to quantify the impact of disease-causing amino acid substitutions on catalytic activity, metal binding, macromolecular binding, ligand binding, allosteric regulation and post-translational modifications. We show that our methodology generates actionable biological hypotheses for up to 41% of disease-causing genetic variants mapped to protein structures suggesting that it can be reliably used to guide experimental validation. Our results suggest that a significant fraction of disease-causing human variants mapping to protein structures are function-altering both in the presence and absence of stability disruption. Identifying the molecular changes caused by mutations is a major challenge in understanding and treating human genetic disease. To address this problem, we have developed a wide range of profiling tools designed to predict specific types of functional site from protein 3D structures. We then apply these tools to data sets of inherited disease-associated and putatively neutral amino acid substitutions and estimate the relative contribution of the loss and gain of functional residues in disease. Our results suggest that alterations of molecular function are involved in a significant number of cases of human genetic disease and are over-represented as compared to putatively neutral variants. Additionally, we use experimental data to show that it is possible to computationally identify the loss of specific functional events in disease pathogenesis. Finally, our methodology can be used to reliably identify the potential molecular consequences of disease-causing genetic variants and hence prioritize experimental validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Lugo-Martinez
- Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Vikas Pejaver
- Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kymberleigh A. Pagel
- Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Shantanu Jain
- Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Matthew Mort
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David N. Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sean D. Mooney
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SDM); (PR)
| | - Predrag Radivojac
- Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SDM); (PR)
| |
Collapse
|
275
|
Németh E, Balogh RK, Borsos K, Czene A, Thulstrup PW, Gyurcsik B. Intrinsic protein disorder could be overlooked in cocrystallization conditions: An SRCD case study. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1977-1988. [PMID: 27508941 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
X-ray diffractometry dominates protein studies, as it can provide 3D structures of these diverse macromolecules or their molecular complexes with interacting partners: substrates, inhibitors, and/or cofactors. Here, we show that under cocrystallization conditions the results could reflect induced protein folds instead of the (partially) disordered original structures. The analysis of synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectra revealed that the Im7 immunity protein stabilizes the native-like solution structure of unfolded NColE7 nuclease mutants via complex formation. This is consistent with the fact that among the several available crystal structures with its inhibitor or substrate, all NColE7 structures are virtually the same. Our results draw attention to the possible structural consequence of protein modifications, which is often hidden by compensational effects of intermolecular interactions. The growing evidence on the importance of protein intrinsic disorder thus, demands more extensive complementary experiments in solution phase with the unligated form of the protein of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Németh
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE, Bioinorganic Chemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Ria K Balogh
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Katalin Borsos
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Anikó Czene
- MTA-SZTE, Bioinorganic Chemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Peter W Thulstrup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Béla Gyurcsik
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary. .,MTA-SZTE, Bioinorganic Chemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
276
|
Stetz G, Verkhivker GM. Probing Allosteric Inhibition Mechanisms of the Hsp70 Chaperone Proteins Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Analysis of the Residue Interaction Networks. J Chem Inf Model 2016; 56:1490-517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Stetz
- Graduate
Program in Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Computational
Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Gennady M. Verkhivker
- Graduate
Program in Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Computational
Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| |
Collapse
|
277
|
Tóth F, Kádas J, Mótyán JA, Tőzsér J. Effect of internal cleavage site mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein on its structure and function. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:847-59. [PMID: 27516963 PMCID: PMC4971840 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The capsid protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has been found to be a substrate of the retroviral protease in vitro, and its processing was predicted to be strongly dependent on a pH‐induced conformational change. Several protease cleavage sites have been identified within the capsid protein, but the importance of its cleavage by the viral protease at the early phase of infection is controversial. To confirm the relevance of this process, we aimed to design, produce, and characterize mutant capsid proteins, in which the protein susceptibility toward HIV‐1 protease is altered without affecting other steps of the viral life cycle. Our results indicate that while the introduced mutations changed the cleavage rate at the mutated sites of the capsid protein by HIV‐1 protease, some of them caused only negligible or moderate structural changes (A78V, L189F, and L189I). However, the effects of other mutations (W23A, A77P, and L189P) were dramatic, as assessed by secondary structure determination or cyclophilin A‐binding assay. Based on our observations, the L189F mutant capsid remains structurally and functionally unchanged and may therefore be the best candidate for use in studies aimed at better understanding the role of the protease in the early postentry events of viral infection or retrovirus‐mediated gene transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Tóth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Hungary
| | - János Kádas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Hungary
| | - János András Mótyán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Hungary
| | - József Tőzsér
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
278
|
Al-Numair NS, Lopes L, Syrris P, Monserrat L, Elliott P, Martin ACR. The structural effects of mutations can aid in differential phenotype prediction of beta-myosin heavy chain (Myosin-7) missense variants. Bioinformatics 2016; 32:2947-55. [PMID: 27318203 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION High-throughput sequencing platforms are increasingly used to screen patients with genetic disease for pathogenic mutations, but prediction of the effects of mutations remains challenging. Previously we developed SAAPdap (Single Amino Acid Polymorphism Data Analysis Pipeline) and SAAPpred (Single Amino Acid Polymorphism Predictor) that use a combination of rule-based structural measures to predict whether a missense genetic variant is pathogenic. Here we investigate whether the same methodology can be used to develop a differential phenotype predictor, which, once a mutation has been predicted as pathogenic, is able to distinguish between phenotypes-in this case the two major clinical phenotypes (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM and dilated cardiomyopathy, DCM) associated with mutations in the beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) gene product (Myosin-7). RESULTS A random forest predictor trained on rule-based structural analyses together with structural clustering data gave a Matthews' correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.53 (accuracy, 75%). A post hoc removal of machine learning models that performed particularly badly, increased the performance (MCC = 0.61, Acc = 79%). This proof of concept suggests that methods used for pathogenicity prediction can be extended for use in differential phenotype prediction. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Analyses were implemented in Perl and C and used the Java-based Weka machine learning environment. Please contact the authors for availability. CONTACTS andrew@bioinf.org.uk or andrew.martin@ucl.ac.uk SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nouf S Al-Numair
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Luis Lopes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - Petros Syrris
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Monserrat
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Insituto de Investigación Biomédica, Coruña, Spain
| | - Perry Elliott
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - Andrew C R Martin
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
279
|
Structural constraints-based evaluation of immunogenic avirulent toxins from Clostridium botulinum C2 and C3 toxins as subunit vaccines. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:17-27. [PMID: 27320793 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum (group-III) is an anaerobic bacterium producing C2 and C3 toxins in addition to botulinum neurotoxins in avian and mammalian cells. C2 and C3 toxins are members of bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferase superfamily, which modify the eukaryotic cell surface proteins by ADP-ribosylation reaction. Herein, the mutant proteins with lack of catalytic and pore forming function derived from C2 (C2I and C2II) and C3 toxins were computationally evaluated to understand their structure-function integrity. We have chosen many structural constraints including local structural environment, folding process, backbone conformation, conformational dynamic sub-space, NAD-binding specificity and antigenic determinants for screening of suitable avirulent toxins. A total of 20 avirulent mutants were identified out of 23 mutants, which were experimentally produced by site-directed mutagenesis. No changes in secondary structural elements in particular to α-helices and β-sheets and also in fold rate of all-β classes. Structural stability was maintained by reordered hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding patterns. Molecular dynamic studies suggested that coupled mutations may restrain the binding affinity to NAD(+) or protein substrate upon structural destabilization. Avirulent toxins of this study have stable energetic backbone conformation with a common blue print of folding process. Molecular docking studies revealed that avirulent mutants formed more favorable hydrogen bonding with the side-chain of amino acids near to conserved NAD-binding core, despite of restraining NAD-binding specificity. Thus, structural constraints in the avirulent toxins would determine their immunogenic nature for the prioritization of protein-based subunit vaccine/immunogens to avian and veterinary animals infected with C. botulinum.
Collapse
|
280
|
Wong HE, Pack SP, Kwon I. Positional effects of hydrophobic non-natural amino acid mutagenesis into the surface region of murine dihydrofolate reductase on enzyme properties. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
281
|
Khan FI, Aamir M, Wei DQ, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Molecular mechanism of Ras-related protein Rab-5A and effect of mutations in the catalytically active phosphate-binding loop. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:105-118. [PMID: 26727234 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1134346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ras-related protein (Rab-5a) is primarily involved in the regulation of early endosome fusion during endocytosis and takes part in the budding process. During GTP hydrolysis, Rab5a was spotted in the cytoplasmic side of early endosomes in association with the GTP. Previous study suggested that the substitution of alanine with proline at position 30 of Rab5a reduces the GTPase activity around 12-fold, while, with arginine substitution stimulates the intrinsic GTP hydrolysis by 5-fold. Most of the other substitutions at this position show a little or no effect on the GTPase activity. In this paper, structure analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of human Rab5a and its mutants have been extensively carried out. The effect of binding of a non-hydrolyzable GTP analog guanosine-5'-(β, γ)-imidotriphosphate (GppNHp) with Rab5a and its mutants are described. The objective of the current study is to perform a detailed examination of structural flexibility of Rab5a and its mutants p.Ala30Pro and p.Ala30Arg using MD simulations. Our observations suggest that mutant p.Ala30Arg stabilize the protein molecule when bound to GppNHp which offers additional contacts. Despite an in silico approach, this study provides a deep insight into the impact of mutation on the structure, function, stability, and mechanism of binding of GppNHp to the Rab5a at molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faez Iqbal Khan
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Mohd Aamir
- b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi 110025 , India
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi 110025 , India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi 110025 , India
| |
Collapse
|
282
|
Borba MA, Melo-Neto RP, Leitão GM, Castelletti CH, Lima-Filho JL, Martins DB. Evaluating the impact of missenses mutations in CYP2D6*7 and CYP2D6*14A: does it compromise tamoxifen metabolism? Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:573-82. [PMID: 27043475 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2015-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED CYP2D6 is a high polymorphic enzyme from P450, responsible for metabolizing almost 25% of drugs. The distribution of different mutations among CYP2D6 alleles has been associated with poor, intermediate, extensive and ultra-metabolizers. AIM To evaluate how missenses mutations in CYP2D6*7 and CYP2D6*14A poor metabolizer alleles affect CYP2D6 stability and function. MATERIALS & METHODS CYPalleles database was used to collect polymorphisms data present in 105 alleles. We selected only poor metabolizers alleles that presented exclusively missenses mutations. They were analyzed through seven algorithms to predict the impact on CYP2D6 structure and function. RESULTS H324P, the unique mutation in CYP2D6*7, has high impact in enzyme function due to its occurrence between two alpha-helixes involved in active site dynamics. G169R, a mutation that occurs only in CYP2D6*14A, leads to the gain of solvent accessibility and severe protein destabilization. CONCLUSION Our in silico analysis showed that missenses mutations in CYP2D6*7 and CYP2D6*14A cause CYP2D6 dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Acsm Borba
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol) - Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Renato P Melo-Neto
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol) - Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Glauber M Leitão
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol) - Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Clinical Hospital - Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carlos Hm Castelletti
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol) - Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA), Av. General San Martin 1371, 50761-000, Bongi, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José L Lima-Filho
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Danyelly Bg Martins
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol) - Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
283
|
Khan FI, Wei DQ, Gu KR, Hassan MI, Tabrez S. Current updates on computer aided protein modeling and designing. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 85:48-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
284
|
Ruf M, Moch H, Schraml P. PD-L1 expression is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:396-403. [PMID: 26945902 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In our study, we demonstrate that ccRCC cell lines with impaired function of pVHL to degrade HIFα express elevated levels of PD-L1. In vitro analysis provided evidence that both reconstitution of pVHL and silencing of HIF2α, but not of HIF1α, lead to reduced PD-L1 expression. The strong correlation of expression between the HIF2α-specific HIF target Glut1 and PD-L1 confirmed this finding in ccRCC cell lines and tissue. Soluble PD-L1 levels remained constant in the sera of ccRCC patients regardless of the PD-L1 expression status in their tumors. In conclusion, our data suggest PD-L1 as HIF2α target, which is upregulated in pVHL deficient ccRCC. The combination of PD-L1 targeting drugs with HIF inhibiting agents may be an additional option for the treatment of ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Ruf
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schraml
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
285
|
Rathi PC, Fulton A, Jaeger KE, Gohlke H. Application of Rigidity Theory to the Thermostabilization of Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1004754. [PMID: 27003415 PMCID: PMC4803202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein thermostability is a crucial factor for biotechnological enzyme applications. Protein engineering studies aimed at improving thermostability have successfully applied both directed evolution and rational design. However, for rational approaches, the major challenge remains the prediction of mutation sites and optimal amino acid substitutions. Recently, we showed that such mutation sites can be identified as structural weak spots by rigidity theory-based thermal unfolding simulations of proteins. Here, we describe and validate a unique, ensemble-based, yet highly efficient strategy to predict optimal amino acid substitutions at structural weak spots for improving a protein’s thermostability. For this, we exploit the fact that in the majority of cases an increased structural rigidity of the folded state has been found as the cause for thermostability. When applied prospectively to lipase A from Bacillus subtilis, we achieved both a high success rate (25% over all experimentally tested mutations, which raises to 60% if small-to-large residue mutations and mutations in the active site are excluded) in predicting significantly thermostabilized lipase variants and a remarkably large increase in those variants’ thermostability (up to 6.6°C) based on single amino acid mutations. When considering negative controls in addition and evaluating the performance of our approach as a binary classifier, the accuracy is 63% and increases to 83% if small-to-large residue mutations and mutations in the active site are excluded. The gain in precision (predictive value for increased thermostability) over random classification is 1.6-fold (2.4-fold). Furthermore, an increase in thermostability predicted by our approach significantly points to increased experimental thermostability (p < 0.05). These results suggest that our strategy is a valuable complement to existing methods for rational protein design aimed at improving thermostability. Protein thermostability is a crucial factor for biotechnological enzyme applications. However, performance studies of computational approaches for predicting effects of mutations on protein (thermo)stability have suggested that there is still room for improvement. We describe and validate a novel and unique strategy to predict optimal amino acid substitutions at structural weak spots. At variance with other rational approaches, we exploit the fact that in the majority of cases an increased structural rigidity of the folded state is the underlying cause for thermostability. When applied prospectively on lipase LipA from Bacillus subtilis, a high success rate in predicting thermostabilized lipase variants and a remarkably large increase in their thermostability is achieved. This demonstrates the value of the novel strategy, which extends the existing portfolio of methods for rational protein design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Rathi
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Fulton
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- * E-mail: (KEJ); (HG)
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail: (KEJ); (HG)
| |
Collapse
|
286
|
Pires DEV, Chen J, Blundell TL, Ascher DB. In silico functional dissection of saturation mutagenesis: Interpreting the relationship between phenotypes and changes in protein stability, interactions and activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19848. [PMID: 26797105 PMCID: PMC4726175 DOI: 10.1038/srep19848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite interest in associating polymorphisms with clinical or experimental phenotypes, functional interpretation of mutation data has lagged behind generation of data from modern high-throughput techniques and the accurate prediction of the molecular impact of a mutation remains a non-trivial task. We present here an integrated knowledge-driven computational workflow designed to evaluate the effects of experimental and disease missense mutations on protein structure and interactions. We exemplify its application with analyses of saturation mutagenesis of DBR1 and Gal4 and show that the experimental phenotypes for over 80% of the mutations correlate well with predicted effects of mutations on protein stability and RNA binding affinity. We also show that analysis of mutations in VHL using our workflow provides valuable insights into the effects of mutations, and their links to the risk of developing renal carcinoma. Taken together the analyses of the three examples demonstrate that structural bioinformatics tools, when applied in a systematic, integrated way, can rapidly analyse a given system to provide a powerful approach for predicting structural and functional effects of thousands of mutations in order to reveal molecular mechanisms leading to a phenotype. Missense or non-synonymous mutations are nucleotide substitutions that alter the amino acid sequence of a protein. Their effects can range from modifying transcription, translation, processing and splicing, localization, changing stability of the protein, altering its dynamics or interactions with other proteins, nucleic acids and ligands, including small molecules and metal ions. The advent of high-throughput techniques including sequencing and saturation mutagenesis has provided large amounts of phenotypic data linked to mutations. However, one of the hurdles has been understanding and quantifying the effects of a particular mutation, and how they translate into a given phenotype. One approach to overcome this is to use robust, accurate and scalable computational methods to understand and correlate structural effects of mutations with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E V Pires
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanger Building, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanger Building, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanger Building, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - David B Ascher
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanger Building, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
287
|
Revealing the Effects of Missense Mutations Causing Snyder-Robinson Syndrome on the Stability and Dimerization of Spermine Synthase. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010077. [PMID: 26761001 PMCID: PMC4730321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in spermine synthase (SpmSyn) protein have been shown to cause the Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS). Depending on the location within the structure of SpmSyn and type of amino acid substitution, different mechanisms resulting in SRS were proposed. Here we focus on naturally occurring amino acid substitutions causing SRS, which are situated away from the active center of SpmSyn and thus are not directly involved in the catalysis. Two of the mutations, M35R and P112L, are reported for the first time in this study. It is demonstrated, both experimentally and computationally, that for such mutations the major effect resulting in dysfunctional SpmSyn is the destabilization of the protein. In vitro experiments indicated either no presence or very little amount of the mutant SpmSyn in patient cells. In silico modeling predicted that all studied mutations in this work destabilize SpmSyn and some of them abolish homo-dimer formation. Since dimerization and structural stability are equally important for the wild type function of SpmSyn, it is proposed that the SRS caused by mutations occurring in the N-domain of SpmSyn is a result of dysfunctional mutant proteins being partially unfolded and degraded by the proteomic machinery of the cell or being unable to form a homo-dimer.
Collapse
|
288
|
|
289
|
Gromiha MM, Anoosha P, Huang LT. Applications of Protein Thermodynamic Database for Understanding Protein Mutant Stability and Designing Stable Mutants. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1415:71-89. [PMID: 27115628 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3572-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein stability is the free energy difference between unfolded and folded states of a protein, which lies in the range of 5-25 kcal/mol. Experimentally, protein stability is measured with circular dichroism, differential scanning calorimetry, and fluorescence spectroscopy using thermal and denaturant denaturation methods. These experimental data have been accumulated in the form of a database, ProTherm, thermodynamic database for proteins and mutants. It also contains sequence and structure information of a protein, experimental methods and conditions, and literature information. Different features such as search, display, and sorting options and visualization tools have been incorporated in the database. ProTherm is a valuable resource for understanding/predicting the stability of proteins and it can be accessed at http://www.abren.net/protherm/ . ProTherm has been effectively used to examine the relationship among thermodynamics, structure, and function of proteins. We describe the recent progress on the development of methods for understanding/predicting protein stability, such as (1) general trends on mutational effects on stability, (2) relationship between the stability of protein mutants and amino acid properties, (3) applications of protein three-dimensional structures for predicting their stability upon point mutations, (4) prediction of protein stability upon single mutations from amino acid sequence, and (5) prediction methods for addressing double mutants. A list of online resources for predicting has also been provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Michael Gromiha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat & Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India.
| | - P Anoosha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat & Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India
| | - Liang-Tsung Huang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
290
|
Abstract
Using structure and sequence based analysis we can engineer proteins to increase their thermal stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Pezeshgi Modarres
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory
- Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering
- University of California Berkeley
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - M. R. Mofrad
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory
- Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering
- University of California Berkeley
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - A. Sanati-Nezhad
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
291
|
Molecular Modeling and Its Applications in Protein Engineering. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22708-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
292
|
Rajagopalan R, Grochowski CM, Gilbert MA, Falsey AM, Coleman K, Romero R, Loomes KM, Piccoli DA, Devoto M, Spinner NB. Compound heterozygous mutations in NEK8 in siblings with end-stage renal disease with hepatic and cardiac anomalies. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 170:750-3. [PMID: 26697755 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We studied two brothers who presented in the newborn period with cardiac, renal, and hepatic anomalies that were initially suggestive of ALGS, although no mutations in JAG1 or NOTCH2 were identified. Exome sequencing demonstrated compound heterozygous mutations in the NEK8 gene (Never in mitosis A-related Kinase 8), a ciliary kinase indispensable for cardiac and renal development based on murine studies. The mutations included a c.2069_2070insC variant (p.Ter693LeufsTer86), and a c.1043C>T variant (p.Thr348Met) in the highly conserved RCC1 (Regulation of Chromosome Condensation 1) domain. The RCC1 domain is crucial for localization of the NEK8 protein to the centrosomes and cilia. Mutations in NEK8 have been previously reported in three fetuses (from a single family) with renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia 2 (RHPD2), similar to Ivemark syndrome, and in three individuals with nephronophthisis (NPHP9). This is the third report of disease-causing mutations in the NEK8 gene in humans and only the second describing multi-organ involvement. The clinical features we describe differ from those in the previously published report in that (1) a pancreatic phenotype was not observed in the individuals reported here, (2) there were more prominent cardiac findings, (consistent with observations in murine models), and (3) we observed bile duct hypoplasia rather than ductal plate malformation. The patients reported here expand our understanding of the NEK8-associated phenotype. Our findings highlight the variable phenotypic expressivity and the spectrum of clinical manifestations due to mutations in the NEK8 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Rajagopalan
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher M Grochowski
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Melissa A Gilbert
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexandra M Falsey
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karlene Coleman
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rene Romero
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathleen M Loomes
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Piccoli
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marcella Devoto
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Nancy B Spinner
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
293
|
Dancing through Life: Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Network-Centric Modeling of Allosteric Mechanisms in Hsp70 and Hsp110 Chaperone Proteins. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143752. [PMID: 26619280 PMCID: PMC4664246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hsp70 and Hsp110 chaperones play an important role in regulating cellular processes that involve protein folding and stabilization, which are essential for the integrity of signaling networks. Although many aspects of allosteric regulatory mechanisms in Hsp70 and Hsp110 chaperones have been extensively studied and significantly advanced in recent experimental studies, the atomistic picture of signal propagation and energetics of dynamics-based communication still remain unresolved. In this work, we have combined molecular dynamics simulations and protein stability analysis of the chaperone structures with the network modeling of residue interaction networks to characterize molecular determinants of allosteric mechanisms. We have shown that allosteric mechanisms of Hsp70 and Hsp110 chaperones may be primarily determined by nucleotide-induced redistribution of local conformational ensembles in the inter-domain regions and the substrate binding domain. Conformational dynamics and energetics of the peptide substrate binding with the Hsp70 structures has been analyzed using free energy calculations, revealing allosteric hotspots that control negative cooperativity between regulatory sites. The results have indicated that cooperative interactions may promote a population-shift mechanism in Hsp70, in which functional residues are organized in a broad and robust allosteric network that can link the nucleotide-binding site and the substrate-binding regions. A smaller allosteric network in Hsp110 structures may elicit an entropy-driven allostery that occurs in the absence of global structural changes. We have found that global mediating residues with high network centrality may be organized in stable local communities that are indispensable for structural stability and efficient allosteric communications. The network-centric analysis of allosteric interactions has also established that centrality of functional residues could correlate with their sensitivity to mutations across diverse chaperone functions. This study reconciles a wide spectrum of structural and functional experiments by demonstrating how integration of molecular simulations and network-centric modeling may explain thermodynamic and mechanistic aspects of allosteric regulation in chaperones.
Collapse
|
294
|
Kucukkal TG, Yang Y, Uvarov O, Cao W, Alexov E. Impact of Rett Syndrome Mutations on MeCP2 MBD Stability. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6357-68. [PMID: 26418480 PMCID: PMC9871983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rett syndrome causing missense mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) of methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) were investigated both in silico and in vitro to reveal their effect on protein stability. It is demonstrated that the vast majority of frequently occurring mutations in the human population indeed alter the MBD folding free energy by a fraction of a kcal/mol up to more than 1 kcal/mol. While the absolute magnitude of the change of the free energy is small, the effect on the MBD functionality may be substantial since the folding free energy of MBD is about 2 kcal/mol only. Thus, it is emphasized that the effect of mutations on protein integrity should be evaluated with respect to the wild-type folding free energy but not with the absolute value of the folding free energy change. Furthermore, it was observed that the magnitude of the effect is correlated neither with the burial of the mutation sites nor with the basic amino acid physicochemical property change. Mutations that strongly perturb the immediate structural features were found to have little effect on folding free energy, while very conservative mutations resulted in large changes of the MBD stability. This observation was attributed to the protein's ability to structurally relax and reorganize to reduce the effect of mutation. Comparison between in silico and in vitro results indicated that some Web servers perform relatively well, while the free energy perturbation approach frequently overpredicts the magnitude of the free energy change especially when a charged amino acid is involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba G Kucukkal
- Department of Physics, Clemson University, 118 Kinard Laboratory, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 049 Life Sciences Facility, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Olga Uvarov
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 049 Life Sciences Facility, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Weiguo Cao
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 049 Life Sciences Facility, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,Weiguo Cao: , Tel: 864-656-4176; Fax: 864-656-6879, Alexov: , Tel: 864-908-4796, Fax: 864-656-0805
| | - Emil Alexov
- Department of Physics, Clemson University, 118 Kinard Laboratory, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,Weiguo Cao: , Tel: 864-656-4176; Fax: 864-656-6879, Alexov: , Tel: 864-908-4796, Fax: 864-656-0805
| |
Collapse
|
295
|
Hsiao PJ, Lee MY, Wang YT, Jiang HJ, Lin PC, Yang YHC, Kuo KK. MTTP-297H polymorphism reduced serum cholesterol but increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:93. [PMID: 26458397 PMCID: PMC4603340 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) works to lipidate and assemble the apoB-containing lipoproteins in liver. It closely links up the hepatic secretion of lipid to regulate serum lipid and atherosclerosis. Cases of MTTP gene mutation is characterized by abetalipoproteinemia and remarkable hepatic steatosis or cirrhosis. Several MTTP polymorphisms have been reported relating to metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia and steatohepatitis. We supposed the regulation of serum lipids and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) formation may be modified by individual susceptibility related to the MTTP polymorphisms. Methods and results A cross-sectional population of 1193 subjects, 1087 males and 106 females mean aged 45.9 ± 8.9 years, were enrolled without recognized secondary hyperlipidemia. Fasting serum lipid, insulin, and non-esterified fatty acid were assessed and transformed to insulin resistance index, HOMA-IR and Adipo-IR. After ruling out alcohol abuser, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound. Five common MTTP polymorphisms (promoter -493G/T, E98D, I128T, N166S, and Q297H) were conducted by TaqMan assay. Multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate their impact on serum lipid and NAFLD risk. Assessment revealed a differential impact on LDL-C and non-HDL-C, which were sequentially determined by the Q297H polymorphism, insulin resistance, body mass index and age. Carriers of homozygous minor allele (297H) had significantly lower LDL-C and non-HDL-C but higher risk for NAFLD. Molecular modeling of the 297H variant demonstrated higher free energy, potentially referring to an unstable structure and functional sequence. Conclusion These results evidenced the MTTP polymorphisms could modulate the lipid homeostasis to determine the serum lipids and risk of NAFLD. The MTTP 297H polymorphism interacted with age, insulin resistance and BMI to decrease serum apoB containing lipoproteins (LDL-C and non-HDL-C) but increase the risk of NAFLD formation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-015-0242-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Jung Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Yueh Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yeng-Tseng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - He-Jiun Jiang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Chen Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsin Connie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. .,Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
296
|
Arakelov GG, Osipov OV, Nazaryan KB. Effects of M680I and M694V pyrin mutations on the tertiary structure of domain B30.2 and its interaction with caspase-1: In silico analysis. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315050027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
297
|
Simon MM, Moresco EMY, Bull KR, Kumar S, Mallon AM, Beutler B, Potter PK. Current strategies for mutation detection in phenotype-driven screens utilising next generation sequencing. Mamm Genome 2015; 26:486-500. [PMID: 26449678 PMCID: PMC4602060 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-015-9603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutagenesis-based screens in mice are a powerful discovery platform to identify novel genes or gene functions associated with disease phenotypes. An N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen induces single nucleotide variants randomly in the mouse genome. Subsequent phenotyping of mutant and wildtype mice enables the identification of mutated pathways resulting in phenotypes associated with a particular ENU lesion. This unbiased approach to gene discovery conducts the phenotyping with no prior knowledge of the functional mutations. Before the advent of affordable next generation sequencing (NGS), ENU variant identification was a limiting step in gene characterization, akin to ‘finding a needle in a haystack’. The emergence of a reliable reference genome alongside advances in NGS has propelled ENU mutation discovery from an arduous, time-consuming exercise to an effective and rapid form of mutation discovery. This has permitted large mouse facilities worldwide to use ENU for novel mutation discovery in a high-throughput manner, helping to accelerate basic science at the mechanistic level. Here, we describe three different strategies used to identify ENU variants from NGS data and some of the subsequent steps for mutation characterisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Simon
- Medical Research Council Harwell (Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre), Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK.
| | - Eva Marie Y Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Katherine R Bull
- Nuffield Department of Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.,MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Saumya Kumar
- Medical Research Council Harwell (Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre), Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Ann-Marie Mallon
- Medical Research Council Harwell (Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre), Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Paul K Potter
- Medical Research Council Harwell (Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre), Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
298
|
Panigrahi P, Sule M, Ghanate A, Ramasamy S, Suresh CG. Engineering Proteins for Thermostability with iRDP Web Server. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139486. [PMID: 26436543 PMCID: PMC4593602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering protein molecules with desired structure and biological functions has been an elusive goal. Development of industrially viable proteins with improved properties such as stability, catalytic activity and altered specificity by modifying the structure of an existing protein has widely been targeted through rational protein engineering. Although a range of factors contributing to thermal stability have been identified and widely researched, the in silico implementation of these as strategies directed towards enhancement of protein stability has not yet been explored extensively. A wide range of structural analysis tools is currently available for in silico protein engineering. However these tools concentrate on only a limited number of factors or individual protein structures, resulting in cumbersome and time-consuming analysis. The iRDP web server presented here provides a unified platform comprising of iCAPS, iStability and iMutants modules. Each module addresses different facets of effective rational engineering of proteins aiming towards enhanced stability. While iCAPS aids in selection of target protein based on factors contributing to structural stability, iStability uniquely offers in silico implementation of known thermostabilization strategies in proteins for identification and stability prediction of potential stabilizing mutation sites. iMutants aims to assess mutants based on changes in local interaction network and degree of residue conservation at the mutation sites. Each module was validated using an extensively diverse dataset. The server is freely accessible at http://irdp.ncl.res.in and has no login requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Panigrahi
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Manas Sule
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Avinash Ghanate
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Sureshkumar Ramasamy
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - C. G. Suresh
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
299
|
McSkimming DI, Dastgheib S, Talevich E, Narayanan A, Katiyar S, Taylor SS, Kochut K, Kannan N. ProKinO: a unified resource for mining the cancer kinome. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:175-86. [PMID: 25382819 PMCID: PMC4342772 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases represent a large and diverse family of evolutionarily related proteins that are abnormally regulated in human cancers. Although genome sequencing studies have revealed thousands of variants in protein kinases, translating "big" genomic data into biological knowledge remains a challenge. Here, we describe an ontological framework for integrating and conceptualizing diverse forms of information related to kinase activation and regulatory mechanisms in a machine readable, human understandable form. We demonstrate the utility of this framework in analyzing the cancer kinome, and in generating testable hypotheses for experimental studies. Through the iterative process of aggregate ontology querying, hypothesis generation and experimental validation, we identify a novel mutational hotspot in the αC-β4 loop of the kinase domain and demonstrate the functional impact of the identified variants in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) constitutive activity and inhibitor sensitivity. We provide a unified resource for the kinase and cancer community, ProKinO, housed at http://vulcan.cs.uga.edu/prokino.
Collapse
|
300
|
Browne C, Timson DJ. In SilicoPrediction of the Effects of Mutations in the Human Mevalonate Kinase Gene: Towards a Predictive Framework for Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Ann Hum Genet 2015; 79:451-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Browne
- School of Biological Sciences; Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre; 97 Lisburn Road Belfast BT9 7BL UK
| | - David J. Timson
- School of Biological Sciences; Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre; 97 Lisburn Road Belfast BT9 7BL UK
- Institute for Global Food Security; Queen's University Belfast; 18-30 Malone Road Belfast BT9 5BN UK
| |
Collapse
|