251
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Weinhäupl K, Lindau C, Hessel A, Wang Y, Schütze C, Jores T, Melchionda L, Schönfisch B, Kalbacher H, Bersch B, Rapaport D, Brennich M, Lindorff-Larsen K, Wiedemann N, Schanda P. Structural Basis of Membrane Protein Chaperoning through the Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space. Cell 2018; 175:1365-1379.e25. [PMID: 30445040 PMCID: PMC6242696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The exchange of metabolites between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytosol depends on β-barrel channels in the outer membrane and α-helical carrier proteins in the inner membrane. The essential translocase of the inner membrane (TIM) chaperones escort these proteins through the intermembrane space, but the structural and mechanistic details remain elusive. We have used an integrated structural biology approach to reveal the functional principle of TIM chaperones. Multiple clamp-like binding sites hold the mitochondrial membrane proteins in a translocation-competent elongated form, thus mimicking characteristics of co-translational membrane insertion. The bound preprotein undergoes conformational dynamics within the chaperone binding clefts, pointing to a multitude of dynamic local binding events. Mutations in these binding sites cause cell death or growth defects associated with impairment of carrier and β-barrel protein biogenesis. Our work reveals how a single mitochondrial "transfer-chaperone" system is able to guide α-helical and β-barrel membrane proteins in a "nascent chain-like" conformation through a ribosome-free compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Weinhäupl
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Lindau
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Audrey Hessel
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yong Wang
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Conny Schütze
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Jores
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laura Melchionda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Schönfisch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Kalbacher
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Beate Bersch
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Doron Rapaport
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martha Brennich
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Paul Schanda
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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252
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Albert M, Bécares M, Falqui M, Fernández-Lozano C, Guerra S. ISG15, a Small Molecule with Huge Implications: Regulation of Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Viruses 2018; 10:v10110629. [PMID: 30428561 PMCID: PMC6265978 DOI: 10.3390/v10110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are responsible for the majority of infectious diseases, from the common cold to HIV/AIDS or hemorrhagic fevers, the latter with devastating effects on the human population. Accordingly, the development of efficient antiviral therapies is a major goal and a challenge for the scientific community, as we are still far from understanding the molecular mechanisms that operate after virus infection. Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) plays an important antiviral role during viral infection. ISG15 catalyzes a ubiquitin-like post-translational modification termed ISGylation, involving the conjugation of ISG15 molecules to de novo synthesized viral or cellular proteins, which regulates their stability and function. Numerous biomedically relevant viruses are targets of ISG15, as well as proteins involved in antiviral immunity. Beyond their role as cellular powerhouses, mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that act as signaling hubs in antiviral responses. In this review, we give an overview of the biological consequences of ISGylation for virus infection and host defense. We also compare several published proteomic studies to identify and classify potential mitochondrial ISGylation targets. Finally, based on our recent observations, we discuss the essential functions of mitochondria in the antiviral response and examine the role of ISG15 in the regulation of mitochondrial processes, specifically OXPHOS and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Albert
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Martina Bécares
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Michela Falqui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Fernández-Lozano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Guerra
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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253
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Mitoproteomics: Tackling Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1435934. [PMID: 30533169 PMCID: PMC6250043 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1435934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic and regulated organelles that historically have been defined based on their crucial role in cell metabolism. However, they are implicated in a variety of other important functions, making mitochondrial dysfunction an important axis in several pathological contexts. Despite that conventional biochemical and molecular biology approaches have provided significant insight into mitochondrial functionality, innovative techniques that provide a global view of the mitochondrion are still necessary. Proteomics fulfils this need by enabling accurate, systems-wide quantitative analysis of protein abundance. More importantly, redox proteomics approaches offer unique opportunities to tackle oxidative stress, a phenomenon that is intimately linked to aging, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In addition, cutting-edge proteomics approaches reveal how proteins exert their functions in complex interaction networks where even subtle alterations stemming from early pathological states can be monitored. Here, we describe the proteomics approaches that will help to deepen the role of mitochondria in health and disease by assessing not only changes to mitochondrial protein composition but also alterations to their redox state and how protein interaction networks regulate mitochondrial function and dynamics. This review is aimed at showing the reader how the application of proteomics approaches during the last 20 years has revealed crucial mitochondrial roles in the context of aging, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disease, and cancer.
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254
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Zhao Y, Sun L, Wang RR, Hu JF, Cui J. The effects of mitochondria-associated long noncoding RNAs in cancer mitochondria: New players in an old arena. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 131:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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255
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Role of GTPases in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease and CNS-Related Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4530-4538. [PMID: 30338485 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Data obtained from several studies have shown that mitochondria are involved and play a central role in the progression of several distinct pathological conditions. Morphological alterations and disruptions on the functionality of mitochondria may be related to metabolic and energy deficiency in neurons in a neurodegenerative disorder. Several recent studies demonstrate the linkage between neurodegeneration and mitochondrial dynamics in the spectrum of a promising era called precision mitochondrial medicine. In this review paper, an analysis of the correlation between mitochondria, Alzheimer's disease, and other central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders like the Parkinson's disease and the autism spectrum disorder is under discussion. The role of GTPases like the mfn1, mfn2, opa1, and dlp1 in mitochondrial fission and fusion is also under investigation, influencing mitochondrial population and leading to oxidative stress and neuronal damage.
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256
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Ni K, Lan G, Veroneau SS, Duan X, Song Y, Lin W. Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks for mitochondria-targeted radiotherapy-radiodynamic therapy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4321. [PMID: 30333489 PMCID: PMC6193046 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective delivery of photosensitizers to mitochondria of cancer cells can enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Though cationic Ru-based photosensitizers accumulate in mitochondria, they require excitation with less penetrating short-wavelength photons, limiting their application in PDT. We recently discovered X-ray based cancer therapy by nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) via enhancing radiotherapy (RT) and enabling radiodynamic therapy (RDT). Herein we report Hf-DBB-Ru as a mitochondria-targeted nMOF for RT-RDT. Constructed from Ru-based photosensitizers, the cationic framework exhibits strong mitochondria-targeting property. Upon X-ray irradiation, Hf-DBB-Ru efficiently generates hydroxyl radicals from the Hf6 SBUs and singlet oxygen from the DBB-Ru photosensitizers to lead to RT-RDT effects. Mitochondria-targeted RT-RDT depolarizes the mitochondrial membrane to initiate apoptosis of cancer cells, leading to significant regression of colorectal tumors in mouse models. Our work establishes an effective strategy to selectively target mitochondria with cationic nMOFs for enhanced cancer therapy via RT-RDT with low doses of deeply penetrating X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Ni
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangxu Lan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Samuel S Veroneau
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaopin Duan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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257
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Motor recruitment to the TIM23 channel's lateral gate restricts polypeptide release into the inner membrane. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4028. [PMID: 30279421 PMCID: PMC6168564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presequence translocase of the mitochondrial inner membrane (TIM23 complex) facilitates anterograde precursor transport into the matrix and lateral release of precursors with stop-transfer signal into the membrane (sorting). Sorting requires precursor exit from the translocation channel into the lipid phase through the lateral gate of the TIM23 complex. How the two transport modes are regulated and balanced against each other is unknown. Here we show that the import motor J-protein Pam18, which is essential for matrix import, controls lateral protein release into the lipid bilayer. Constitutively translocase-associated Pam18 obstructs lateral precursor transport. Concomitantly, Mgr2, implicated in precursor quality control, is displaced from the translocase. We conclude that during motor-dependent matrix protein transport, the transmembrane segment of Pam18 closes the lateral gate to promote anterograde polypeptide movement. This finding explains why a motor-free form of the translocase facilitates the lateral movement of precursors with a stop-transfer signal. The mitochondrial TIM23-complex facilitates anterograde precursor transport across the inner membrane into the matrix and lateral release of precursors into the membrane. Here authors show that the import motor J-protein Pam18 controls lateral protein release into the lipid bilayer.
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258
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Liu HN, Guo NN, Guo WW, Huang-Fu MY, Vakili MR, Chen JJ, Xu WH, Wei QC, Han M, Lavasanifar A, Gao JQ. Delivery of mitochondriotropic doxorubicin derivatives using self-assembling hyaluronic acid nanocarriers in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1681-1692. [PMID: 29849132 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death for women, and multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major obstacle faced by chemotherapy for breast cancer. We have previously synthesized a doxorubicin (DOX) derivative by conjugating DOX with triphenylphosphonium (TPP) to achieve mitochondrial delivery, which induced higher cytotoxicity in drug-resistant breast cancer cells than DOX itself. Due to its amphiphilicity, TPP-DOX is difficult to physically entrap in nanocarriers. Thus, we linked it to hyaluronic acid (HA) by a novel ionic bond utilizing the specific bromide ion of TPP to form supra-molecular self-assembled structures (HA-ionic-TPP-DOX). The product was analyzed uisng 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The HA nanocarriers (HA-ionic-TPP-DOX) were shown to self-assemble into spherical nanoparticles, and sensitive to acidic pH in terms of morphology and drug release. Compared with free DOX, HA-ionic-TPP-DOX produced much greater intracellular DOX accumulation and mitochondrial localization, leading to increased ROS production, slightly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cytotoxicity in MCF-7/ADR cells and enhanced tumor targeting in vivo. In xenotransplant zebrafish model with the MCF-7/ADR cell line, both TPP-DOX and HA-ionic-TPP-DOX inhibited tumor cell proliferation without inducing significant side effects compared with free DOX. In addition, we observed a better anti-tumor effect of HA-ionic-TPP-DOX on MCF-7/ADR cells in zebrafish than that of TPP-DOX treatment. Furthermore, HA-ionic-DOX-TPP exhibited favorable biocompatibility and anti-tumor effects in MCF-7/ADR tumor-bearing nude mice in comparison with the effects of TPP-DOX and DOX, suggesting the potential of HA-ionic-TPP-DOX for the targeted delivery and controlled release of TPP-DOX, which can lead to the sensitization of resistant breast tumors.
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259
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Akbergenov R, Duscha S, Fritz AK, Juskeviciene R, Oishi N, Schmitt K, Shcherbakov D, Teo Y, Boukari H, Freihofer P, Isnard-Petit P, Oettinghaus B, Frank S, Thiam K, Rehrauer H, Westhof E, Schacht J, Eckert A, Wolfer D, Böttger EC. Mutant MRPS5 affects mitoribosomal accuracy and confers stress-related behavioral alterations. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201846193. [PMID: 30237157 PMCID: PMC6216279 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1555 A to G substitution in mitochondrial 12S A‐site rRNA is associated with maternally transmitted deafness of variable penetrance in the absence of otherwise overt disease. Here, we recapitulate the suggested A1555G‐mediated pathomechanism in an experimental model of mitoribosomal mistranslation by directed mutagenesis of mitoribosomal protein MRPS5. We first establish that the ratio of cysteine/methionine incorporation and read‐through of mtDNA‐encoded MT‐CO1 protein constitute reliable measures of mitoribosomal misreading. Next, we demonstrate that human HEK293 cells expressing mutant V336Y MRPS5 show increased mitoribosomal mistranslation. As for immortalized lymphocytes of individuals with the pathogenic A1555G mutation, we find little changes in the transcriptome of mutant V336Y MRPS5 HEK cells, except for a coordinated upregulation of transcripts for cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins. Homozygous knock‐in mutant Mrps5 V338Y mice show impaired mitochondrial function and a phenotype composed of enhanced susceptibility to noise‐induced hearing damage and anxiety‐related behavioral alterations. The experimental data in V338Y mutant mice point to a key role of mitochondrial translation and function in stress‐related behavioral and physiological adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Akbergenov
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Duscha
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ann-Kristina Fritz
- Anatomisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institut für Bewegungswissenschaften und Sport, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reda Juskeviciene
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen Schmitt
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Shcherbakov
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Youjin Teo
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Heithem Boukari
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Freihofer
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Björn Oettinghaus
- Neuro- und Ophthalmopathologie, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Neuro- und Ophthalmopathologie, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zürich und Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Westhof
- Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jochen Schacht
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anne Eckert
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Wolfer
- Anatomisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institut für Bewegungswissenschaften und Sport, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erik C Böttger
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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260
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Könnel A, Bugaeva W, Gügel IL, Philippar K. BANFF: bending of bilayer membranes by amphiphilic α-helices is necessary for form and function of organelles 1. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 97:243-256. [PMID: 30208283 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
By binding to and inserting into the lipid bilayer, amphiphilic α-helices of proteins are involved in the curvature of biological membranes in all organisms. In particular, they are involved in establishing the complex membrane architecture of intracellular organelles like the endoplasmatic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Thus, amphiphilic α-helices are essential for maintenance of cellular metabolism and fitness of organisms. Here we focus on the structure and function of membrane-intrinsic proteins, which are involved in membrane curvature by amphiphilic α-helices, in mitochondria and chloroplasts of the eukaryotic model organisms yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana. Further, we propose a model for transport of fatty acids and lipid compounds across the envelope of chloroplasts in which amphiphilic α-helices might play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Könnel
- a Center for Human- and Molecular Biology (ZHMB) - Plant Biology, Saarland University, Campus A 2.4, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wassilina Bugaeva
- a Center for Human- and Molecular Biology (ZHMB) - Plant Biology, Saarland University, Campus A 2.4, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Irene L Gügel
- b Department of Biology I - Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Großhaderner-Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Katrin Philippar
- a Center for Human- and Molecular Biology (ZHMB) - Plant Biology, Saarland University, Campus A 2.4, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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261
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Bibow S, Hiller S. A guide to quantifying membrane protein dynamics in lipids and other native-like environments by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. FEBS J 2018; 286:1610-1623. [PMID: 30133960 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent biochemical and technical developments permit residue-specific solution NMR measurements of membrane protein (MP) dynamics in lipidic and chaperone-bound environments. This is possible by combinations of improved sample preparations with suitable NMR relaxation experiments to correlate protein function to backbone dynamics on timescales from picoseconds to seconds, even for large MP-lipid assemblies above 100 kDa in molecular mass. Here, we introduce the basic concepts of different NMR relaxation experiments, individually sensitive to specific timescales. We discuss the general limitations of detergent environments and highlight the importance for native-like environments when studying MPs. We then review three practical studies of fast- and slow-timescale MP dynamics in lipid environments, as well as in a natively unfolded, chaperone-bound state. These examples illustrate the new avenues solution NMR spectroscopy is taking to investigate MP dynamics in native-like environments with atomic resolution.
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262
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Río Bártulos C, Rogers MB, Williams TA, Gentekaki E, Brinkmann H, Cerff R, Liaud MF, Hehl AB, Yarlett NR, Gruber A, Kroth PG, van der Giezen M. Mitochondrial Glycolysis in a Major Lineage of Eukaryotes. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:2310-2325. [PMID: 30060189 PMCID: PMC6198282 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of the mitochondrion is seen as a transformational step in the origin of eukaryotes. With the mitochondrion came bioenergetic freedom to explore novel evolutionary space leading to the eukaryotic radiation known today. The tight integration of the bacterial endosymbiont with its archaeal host was accompanied by a massive endosymbiotic gene transfer resulting in a small mitochondrial genome which is just a ghost of the original incoming bacterial genome. This endosymbiotic gene transfer resulted in the loss of many genes, both from the bacterial symbiont as well the archaeal host. Loss of genes encoding redundant functions resulted in a replacement of the bulk of the host’s metabolism for those originating from the endosymbiont. Glycolysis is one such metabolic pathway in which the original archaeal enzymes have been replaced by bacterial enzymes from the endosymbiont. Glycolysis is a major catabolic pathway that provides cellular energy from the breakdown of glucose. The glycolytic pathway of eukaryotes appears to be bacterial in origin, and in well-studied model eukaryotes it takes place in the cytosol. In contrast, here we demonstrate that the latter stages of glycolysis take place in the mitochondria of stramenopiles, a diverse and ecologically important lineage of eukaryotes. Although our work is based on a limited sample of stramenopiles, it leaves open the possibility that the mitochondrial targeting of glycolytic enzymes in stramenopiles might represent the ancestral state for eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Río Bártulos
- Institut für Genetik, Technische Universität Braunschweig.,Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Matthew B Rogers
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, United Kingdom.,Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tom A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Gentekaki
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,School of Science and Human Gut Microbiome for Health Research Unit, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Henner Brinkmann
- Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal C.P. 6128, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Cerff
- Institut für Genetik, Technische Universität Braunschweig
| | | | - Adrian B Hehl
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nigel R Yarlett
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University
| | - Ansgar Gruber
- Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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263
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Dudek J, Hartmann M, Rehling P. The role of mitochondrial cardiolipin in heart function and its implication in cardiac disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:810-821. [PMID: 30837070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in the energy metabolism of the heart. Many of the essential functions are associated with mitochondrial membranes and oxidative phosphorylation driven by the respiratory chain. Mitochondrial membranes are unique in the cell as they contain the phospholipid cardiolipin. The important role of cardiolipin in cardiovascular health is highlighted by several cardiac diseases, in which cardiolipin plays a fundamental role. Barth syndrome, Sengers syndrome, and Dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia (DCMA) are genetic disorders, which affect cardiolipin biosynthesis. Other cardiovascular diseases including ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure are also associated with changes in the cardiolipin pool. Here, we summarize molecular functions of cardiolipin in mitochondrial biogenesis and morphology. We highlight the role of cardiolipin for the respiratory chain, metabolite carriers, and mitochondrial metabolism and describe links to apoptosis and mitochondria specific autophagy (mitophagy) with possible implications in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dudek
- Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Magnus Hartmann
- Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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264
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Nissanka N, Moraes CT, Pinto M. Image-Based Analysis of Mitochondrial Area and Counting from Adult Mouse Dopaminergic Neurites. Bio Protoc 2018; 8:e2471. [PMID: 34395770 PMCID: PMC8328611 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form dynamic cytoplasmic networks which undergo morphological changes in order to adapt to cellular stresses and signals. These changes can include alterations in size and number within a given cell. Analysis of the whole network can be a useful metric to assess overall mitochondrial health, particularly in neurons, which are highly sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we describe a method which combines immunofluorescence and computerized image analysis to measure mitochondrial morphology (quantification of number, density, and area) in dopaminergic neurites of mice expressing mitochondrially-targeted eYFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadee Nissanka
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Milena Pinto
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
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265
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Leahy J, Spahis S, Bonneil E, Garofalo C, Grimard G, Morel S, Laverdière C, Krajinovic M, Drouin S, Delvin E, Sinnett D, Marcil V, Levy E. Insight from mitochondrial functions and proteomics to understand cardiometabolic disorders in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Metabolism 2018; 85:151-160. [PMID: 29563052 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) is the most prevalent form of cancer in children. Due to advances in treatment and therapy, young cALL subjects now achieve a 90% survival rate. However, this tremendous advance does not come without consequence since ~2/3 of cALL survivors are affected by long-term and late, severe complications. Although the metabolic syndrome is a very serious sequel of cALL, the mechanisms remain undefined. It is also surprising to note that the mitochondrion, a central organelle in metabolic functions and the main cellular energy generator, have not yet been explored. OBJECTIVES To determine whether cALL survivors exhibit impairments in their mitochondrial functions and proteomic profiling in relationship with metabolic disorders in cALL survivors compared to healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Anthropometric measures, metabolic characteristics and lipid profiles were assessed, mitochondria isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and proteomic analyzed. Our data demonstrated that metabolically. Unhealthy survivors exhibited several metabolic syndrome components (e.g. overweight, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation) whereas Healthy cALL survivors resemble the Controls. In line with these abnormalities, functional experiments in these subjects revealed a significant decrease in the protein expression of mitochondrial antioxidant superoxide dismutase, PGC1-α transcription factor (a key modulator of mitochondrion biogenesis), and an increase in pro-apoptotic cytochrome c. Proteomic analysis of mitochondria by mass spectrometry revealed changes in the regulation of proteins related to inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, redox and antioxidant activity, fatty acid β-oxidation, protein transport and metabolism, and signalling pathways between groups. CONCLUSIONS Through the use of proteomic analysis, our work demonstrated a number of significant alterations in protein expression in mitochondria of cALL survivors, especially the metabolically Unhealthy survivor group. Further investigation of these proteins may help delineate the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunctions exert cardiometabolic derangements in cALL survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Leahy
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Bonneil
- Proteomic Platform, IRIC Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carole Garofalo
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Grimard
- Department of Paediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophia Morel
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Drouin
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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266
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Wang WQ, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Møller IM, Song SQ. Changes in the mitochondrial proteome of developing maize seed embryos. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:552-572. [PMID: 29575040 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are required for seed development, but little information is available about their function and role during this process. We isolated the mitochondria from developing maize (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) embryos and investigated the mitochondrial membrane integrity and respiration as well as the mitochondrial proteome using two proteomic methods, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH). Mitochondrial membrane integrity and respiration were maintained at a high level up to 21 days after pollination (DAP) and decreased thereafter, while total mitochondrial number, cytochrome c oxidase activity and respiration per embryo exhibited a bell-shaped change with peaks at 35-45 DAP. A total of 286 mitochondrial proteins changed in abundance during embryo development. During early stages of seed development (up to 21 DAP), proteins involved in energy production, basic metabolism, protein import and folding as well as removal of reactive oxygen species dominated, while during mid or late stages (35-70 DAP), some stress- and detoxification-related proteins increased in abundance. Our study, for the first time, depicted a relatively comprehensive map of energy production by mitochondria during embryo development. The results revealed that mitochondria were very active during the early stages of maize embryo development, while at the late stages of development, the mitochondria became more quiescent, but well-protected, presumably to ensure that the embryo passes through maturation, drying and long-term storage. These results advance our understanding of seed development at the organelle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ian M Møller
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Song-Quan Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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267
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Efimova VS, Isaeva LV, Makeeva DS, Rubtsov MA, Novikova LA. Expression of Cholesterol Hydroxylase/Lyase System Proteins in Yeast S. cerevisiae Cells as a Self-Processing Polyprotein. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 59:394-406. [PMID: 28799023 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
2A peptide discovered in Picornaviridae is capable of self-cleavage providing an opportunity to carry out synthesis of several proteins using one transcript. Dissociation in the 2A sequence during translation leads to the individual proteins formation. We constructed cDNA including genes of the bovine cholesterol hydroxylase/lyase (CHL) system proteins-cytochrome P450scc (CYP11A1), adrenodoxin (Adx) and adrenodoxin reductase (AdR), that are fused into a single ORF using FMDV 2A nucleotide sequences. The constructed vectors direct the expression of cDNA encoding polyprotein P450scc-2A-Adx-2A-AdR (CHL-2A) in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The induced bacterial cells exhibit a high level of CHL-2A expression, but polyprotein is not cleaved at the FMDV sites. In yeast S. cerevisiae, the discrete proteins P450scc-2A, Adx-2A and AdR are expressed. Moreover, a significant proportion of AdR and Adx is present in a fusion Adx-2A-AdR. Thus, the first 2A linker provides an efficient cleavage of the polyprotein, while the second 2A linker demonstrates lower efficiency. Cholesterol hydroxylase/lyase activity registered in the recombinant yeast cell homogenate indicates that the catalytically active CHL system is present in these cells. Consequently, for the first time the mammalian system of cytochrome P450 has been successfully reconstructed in yeast cells through expressing the self-processing polyprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Efimova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/12, Moscow, Russia, 119234. .,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Villejuif, France. .,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ludmila V Isaeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Desislava S Makeeva
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Rubtsov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/12, Moscow, Russia, 119234.,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Villejuif, France.,Department of Biochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Strategic Management Department, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila A Novikova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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268
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Ding B, Martin DW, Rampello AJ, Glynn SE. Dissecting Substrate Specificities of the Mitochondrial AFG3L2 Protease. Biochemistry 2018; 57:4225-4235. [PMID: 29932645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human AFG3L2 is a compartmental AAA+ protease that performs ATP-fueled degradation at the matrix face of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Identifying how AFG3L2 selects substrates from the diverse complement of matrix-localized proteins is essential for understanding mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control. Here, we create solubilized forms of AFG3L2 to examine the enzyme's substrate specificity mechanisms. We show that conserved residues within the presequence of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein, MrpL32, target the subunit to the protease for processing into a mature form. Moreover, these residues can act as a degron, delivering diverse model proteins to AFG3L2 for degradation. By determining the sequence of degradation products from multiple substrates using mass spectrometry, we construct a peptidase specificity profile that displays constrained product lengths and is dominated by the identity of the residue at the P1' position, with a strong preference for hydrophobic and small polar residues. This specificity profile is validated by examining the cleavage of both fluorogenic reporter peptides and full polypeptide substrates bearing different P1' residues. Together, these results demonstrate that AFG3L2 contains multiple modes of specificity, discriminating between potential substrates by recognizing accessible degron sequences and performing peptide bond cleavage at preferred patterns of residues within the compartmental chamber.
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269
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Jiménez-Morales S, Pérez-Amado CJ, Langley E, Hidalgo-Miranda A. Overview of mitochondrial germline variants and mutations in human disease: Focus on breast cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 53:923-936. [PMID: 30015870 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High lactate production in cells during growth under oxygen-rich conditions (aerobic glycolysis) is a hallmark of tumor cells, indicating the role of mitochondrial function in tumorigenesis. In fact, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired quality control are frequently observed in cancer cells. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 13 subunits of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), is present in thousands of copies per cell, and has a very high mutation rate. Mutations in mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA) genes encoding proteins that are important players in mitochondrial biogenesis and function are involved in oncogenic processes. A wide range of germline mtDNA polymorphisms, as well as tumor mtDNA somatic mutations have been identified in diverse cancer types. Approximately 72% of supposed tumor-specific somatic mtDNA mutations reported, have also been found as polymorphisms in the general population. The ATPase 6 and NADH dehydrogenase subunit genes of mtDNA are the most commonly mutated genes in breast cancer (BC). Furthermore, nuclear genes playing a role in mitochondrial biogenesis and function, such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1), fumarate hydratase (FH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) are frequently mutated in cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the mitochondrial germline variants and mutations in cancer, with particular focus on those found in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos J Pérez-Amado
- Biochemistry Sciences Program, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Langley
- Department of Basic Research, National Cancer Institute, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
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270
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Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate impairs bioenergetic functions and induces oxidative stress in mitochondria via inhibiting respiratory Complex I. Dent Mater 2018; 34:e166-e181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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271
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Zorova LD, Popkov VA, Plotnikov EY, Silachev DN, Pevzner IB, Jankauskas SS, Babenko VA, Zorov SD, Balakireva AV, Juhaszova M, Sollott SJ, Zorov DB. Mitochondrial membrane potential. Anal Biochem 2018; 552:50-59. [PMID: 28711444 PMCID: PMC5792320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1120] [Impact Index Per Article: 186.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) generated by proton pumps (Complexes I, III and IV) is an essential component in the process of energy storage during oxidative phosphorylation. Together with the proton gradient (ΔpH), ΔΨm forms the transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions which is harnessed to make ATP. The levels of ΔΨm and ATP in the cell are kept relatively stable although there are limited fluctuations of both these factors that can occur reflecting normal physiological activity. However, sustained changes in both factors may be deleterious. A long-lasting drop or rise of ΔΨm vs normal levels may induce unwanted loss of cell viability and be a cause of various pathologies. Among other factors, ΔΨm plays a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria. It is also a driving force for transport of ions (other than H+) and proteins which are necessary for healthy mitochondrial functioning. We propose additional potential mechanisms for which ΔΨm is essential for maintenance of cellular health and viability and provide recommendations how to accurately measure ΔΨm in a cell and discuss potential sources of artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubava D Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily A Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis N Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina B Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Babenko
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Savva D Zorov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia V Balakireva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Magdalena Juhaszova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven J Sollott
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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272
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Williams EG, Wu Y, Wolski W, Kim JY, Lan J, Hasan M, Halter C, Jha P, Ryu D, Auwerx J, Aebersold R. Quantifying and Localizing the Mitochondrial Proteome Across Five Tissues in A Mouse Population. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:1766-1777. [PMID: 29945935 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used SWATH mass spectrometry to quantify 3648 proteins across 76 proteomes collected from genetically diverse BXD mouse strains in two fractions (mitochondria and total cell) from five tissues: liver, quadriceps, heart, brain, and brown adipose (BAT). Across tissues, expression covariation between genes' proteins and transcripts-measured in the same individuals-broadly aligned. Covariation was however far stronger in certain subsets than others: only 8% of transcripts in the lowest expression and variance quintile covaried with their protein, in contrast to 65% of transcripts in the highest quintiles. Key functional differences among the 3648 genes were also observed across tissues, with electron transport chain (ETC) genes particularly investigated. ETC complex proteins covary and form strong gene networks according to tissue, but their equivalent transcripts do not. Certain physiological consequences, such as the depletion of ATP synthase in BAT, are thus obscured in transcript data. Lastly, we compared the quantitative proteomic measurements between the total cell and mitochondrial fractions for the five tissues. The resulting enrichment score highlighted several hundred proteins which were strongly enriched in mitochondria, which included several dozen proteins were not reported in literature to be mitochondrially localized. Four of these candidates were selected for biochemical validation, where we found MTAP, SOAT2, and IMPDH2 to be localized inside the mitochondria, whereas ABCC6 was in the mitochondria-associated membrane. These findings demonstrate the synergies of a multi-omics approach to study complex metabolic processes, and this provides a resource for further discovery and analysis of proteoforms, modified proteins, and protein localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan G Williams
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland.,§Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Yibo Wu
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland.,**Current address: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Witold Wolski
- ¶Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Jun Yong Kim
- §Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Jiayi Lan
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Moaraj Hasan
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Christian Halter
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Pooja Jha
- §Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- §Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.,‡‡Current address: Healthy Aging-Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- §Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland;
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland; .,‖Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
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273
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Kowalski L, Bragoszewski P, Khmelinskii A, Glow E, Knop M, Chacinska A. Determinants of the cytosolic turnover of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins. BMC Biol 2018; 16:66. [PMID: 29929515 PMCID: PMC6013907 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proteome of mitochondria comprises mostly proteins that originate as precursors in the cytosol. Before import into the organelle, such proteins are exposed to cytosolic quality control mechanisms. Multiple lines of evidence indicate a significant contribution of the major cytosolic protein degradation machinery, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, to the quality control of mitochondrial proteins. Proteins that are directed to the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) exemplify an entire class of mitochondrial proteins regulated by proteasomal degradation. However, little is known about how these proteins are selected for degradation. Results The present study revealed the heterogeneous cytosolic stability of IMS proteins. Using a screening approach, we found that different cytosolic factors are responsible for the degradation of specific IMS proteins, with no single common factor involved in the degradation of all IMS proteins. We found that the Cox12 protein is rapidly degraded when localized to the cytosol, thus providing a sensitive experimental model. Using Cox12, we found that lysine residues but not conserved cysteine residues are among the degron features important for protein ubiquitination. We observed the redundancy of ubiquitination components, with significant roles of Ubc4 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and Rsp5 E3 ubiquitin ligase. The amount of ubiquitinated Cox12 was inversely related to mitochondrial import efficiency. Importantly, we found that precursor protein ubiquitination blocks its import into mitochondria. Conclusions The present study confirms the involvement of ubiquitin-proteasome system in the quality control of mitochondrial IMS proteins in the cytosol. Notably, ubiquitination of IMS proteins prohibits their import into mitochondria. Therefore, ubiquitination directly affects the availability of precursor proteins for organelle biogenesis. Importantly, despite their structural similarities, IMS proteins are not selected for degradation in a uniform way. Instead, specific IMS proteins rely on discrete components of the ubiquitination machinery to mediate their clearance by the proteasome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12915-018-0536-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kowalski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bragoszewski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. .,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anton Khmelinskii
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Edyta Glow
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael Knop
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Chacinska
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. .,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
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274
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Loetsch C, Warren J, Laskowski A, Vazquez-Lombardi R, Jandl C, Langley DB, Christ D, Thorburn DR, Ryugo DK, Sprent J, Batten M, King C. Cytosolic Recognition of RNA Drives the Immune Response to Heterologous Erythrocytes. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1624-1638. [PMID: 29117566 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The archetypal T cell-dependent antigen is sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), which have defined much of what we know about humoral immunity. Early studies using solubilized or sonicated SRBCs argued that the intact structure of SRBCs was important for optimal antibody responses. However, the reason for the requirement of intact SRBCs for the response to polyvalent protein antigen remained unknown. Here, we report that the immune response to SRBCs is driven by cytosolic recognition of SRBC RNA through the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR)-mitochondrial anti-viral signaling adaptor (MAVS) pathway. Following the uptake of SRBCs by antigen-presenting cells, the MAVS signaling complex governs the differentiation of both T follicular cells and antibody-producing B cells. Importantly, the involvement of the RLR-MAVS pathway precedes that of endosomal Toll-like receptor pathways, yet both are required for optimal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Loetsch
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Joanna Warren
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Adrienne Laskowski
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Vazquez-Lombardi
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Christoph Jandl
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David B Langley
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David K Ryugo
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jonathan Sprent
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Marcel Batten
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Cecile King
- Department of Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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275
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Vicario M, Cieri D, Brini M, Calì T. The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:388. [PMID: 29930495 PMCID: PMC5999749 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is unequivocally linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only it is the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy bodies but mutations and duplication/triplication in its gene are responsible for the onset of familial autosomal dominant forms of PD. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms leading to neuronal degeneration are not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that impaired autophagy clearance and mitochondrial dysfunctions such as bioenergetics and calcium handling defects and alteration in mitochondrial morphology might play a pivotal role in the etiology and progression of PD, and indicate the intriguing possibility that α-syn could be involved in the control of mitochondrial function both in physiological and pathological conditions. In favor of this, it has been shown that a fraction of cellular α-syn can selectively localize to mitochondrial sub-compartments upon specific stimuli, highlighting possible novel routes for α-syn action. A plethora of mitochondrial processes, including cytochrome c release, calcium homeostasis, control of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, is directly influenced by α-syn. Eventually, α-syn localization within mitochondria may also account for its aggregation state, making the α-syn/mitochondria intimate relationship a potential key for the understanding of PD pathogenesis. Here, we will deeply survey the recent literature in the field by focusing our attention on the processes directly controlled by α-syn within mitochondrial sub-compartments and its potential partners providing possible hints for future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Vicario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Domenico Cieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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276
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Samluk L, Chroscicki P, Chacinska A. Mitochondrial protein import stress and signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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277
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Matic S, Muders V, Meisinger C. Tuning the mitochondrial protein import machinery by reversible phosphorylation: from metabolic switches to cell cycle regulation. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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278
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Walter C, Gonczarowska-Jorge H, Sickmann A, Zahedi RP, Meisinger C, Schmidt O. Advanced tools for the analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast mitochondria. Anal Biochem 2018; 554:23-27. [PMID: 29803787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical analysis of protein phosphorylation in mitochondria lags behind that of cytosolic signaling events. One reason is the poor stability of many phosphorylation sites during common isolation procedures for mitochondria. We present here an optimized, fast protocol for the purification of yeast mitochondria that greatly increases recovery of phosphorylated mitochondrial proteins. Moreover, we describe improved protocols for the biochemical analysis of mitochondrial protein phosphorylation by Zn2+-Phos-tag electrophoresis under both denaturing and - for the first time - native conditions, and demonstrate that they outperform previously applied methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corvin Walter
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Humberto Gonczarowska-Jorge
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany; Medizinisches Proteom-Center (MPC), Medical Faculty, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany; Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Chris Meisinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Schmidt
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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279
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Ndi M, Marin-Buera L, Salvatori R, Singh AP, Ott M. Biogenesis of the bc 1 Complex of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3892-3905. [PMID: 29733856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative phosphorylation system contains four respiratory chain complexes that connect the transport of electrons to oxygen with the establishment of an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane for ATP synthesis. Due to the dual genetic source of the respiratory chain subunits, its assembly requires a tight coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression machineries. In addition, dedicated assembly factors support the step-by-step addition of catalytic and accessory subunits as well as the acquisition of redox cofactors. Studies in yeast have revealed the basic principles underlying the assembly pathways. In this review, we summarize work on the biogenesis of the bc1 complex or complex III, a central component of the mitochondrial energy conversion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mama Ndi
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorena Marin-Buera
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roger Salvatori
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abeer Prakash Singh
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ott
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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280
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Becker T, Wagner R. Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Channels: Emerging Diversity in Transport Processes. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1800013. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Becker
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgD‐79104Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgD‐79104Germany
| | - Richard Wagner
- Biophysics, Life Sciences & ChemistryJacobs University BremenBremenD‐28759Germany
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281
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Definition of a High-Confidence Mitochondrial Proteome at Quantitative Scale. Cell Rep 2018; 19:2836-2852. [PMID: 28658629 PMCID: PMC5494306 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria perform central functions in cellular bioenergetics, metabolism, and signaling, and their dysfunction has been linked to numerous diseases. The available studies cover only part of the mitochondrial proteome, and a separation of core mitochondrial proteins from associated fractions has not been achieved. We developed an integrative experimental approach to define the proteome of east mitochondria. We classified > 3,300 proteins of mitochondria and mitochondria-associated fractions and defined 901 high-confidence mitochondrial proteins, expanding the set of mitochondrial proteins by 82. Our analysis includes protein abundance under fermentable and nonfermentable growth, submitochondrial localization, single-protein experiments, and subcellular classification of mitochondria-associated fractions. We identified mitochondrial interactors of respiratory chain supercomplexes, ATP synthase, AAA proteases, the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), and the coenzyme Q biosynthesis cluster, as well as mitochondrial proteins with dual cellular localization. The integrative proteome provides a high-confidence source for the characterization of physiological and pathophysiological functions of mitochondria and their integration into the cellular environment. Classification of > 3,300 proteins of mitochondria and associated fractions High-confidence mitochondrial proteome with absolute quantification and topology Interactors of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and cristae organizing system Identification of system linking respiratory chain and AAA quality control
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282
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Weidberg H, Amon A. MitoCPR-A surveillance pathway that protects mitochondria in response to protein import stress. Science 2018; 360:eaan4146. [PMID: 29650645 PMCID: PMC6528467 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial functions are essential for cell viability and rely on protein import into the organelle. Various disease and stress conditions can lead to mitochondrial import defects. We found that inhibition of mitochondrial import in budding yeast activated a surveillance mechanism, mitoCPR, that improved mitochondrial import and protected mitochondria during import stress. mitoCPR induced expression of Cis1, which associated with the mitochondrial translocase to reduce the accumulation of mitochondrial precursor proteins at the mitochondrial translocase. Clearance of precursor proteins depended on the Cis1-interacting AAA+ adenosine triphosphatase Msp1 and the proteasome, suggesting that Cis1 facilitates degradation of unimported proteins. mitoCPR was required for maintaining mitochondrial functions when protein import was compromised, demonstrating the importance of mitoCPR in protecting the mitochondrial compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilla Weidberg
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Angelika Amon
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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283
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Berry BJ, Trewin AJ, Amitrano AM, Kim M, Wojtovich AP. Use the Protonmotive Force: Mitochondrial Uncoupling and Reactive Oxygen Species. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3873-3891. [PMID: 29626541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration results in an electrochemical proton gradient, or protonmotive force (pmf), across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The pmf is a form of potential energy consisting of charge (∆ψm) and chemical (∆pH) components, that together drive ATP production. In a process called uncoupling, proton leak into the mitochondrial matrix independent of ATP production dissipates the pmf and energy is lost as heat. Other events can directly dissipate the pmf independent of ATP production as well, such as chemical exposure or mechanisms involving regulated mitochondrial membrane electrolyte transport. Uncoupling has defined roles in metabolic plasticity and can be linked through signal transduction to physiologic events. In the latter case, the pmf impacts mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although capable of molecular damage, ROS also have signaling properties that depend on the timing, location, and quantity of their production. In this review, we provide a general overview of mitochondrial ROS production, mechanisms of uncoupling, and how these work in tandem to affect physiology and pathologies, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and immunity. Overall, we highlight that isolated bioenergetic models-mitochondria and cells-only partially recapitulate the complex link between the pmf and ROS signaling that occurs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Berry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 711/604, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Adam J Trewin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 711/604, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Andrea M Amitrano
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 609, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 609, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 711/604, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 609, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 609, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Andrew P Wojtovich
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 711/604, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 711/604, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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284
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Rubalcava-Gracia D, Vázquez-Acevedo M, Funes S, Pérez-Martínez X, González-Halphen D. Mitochondrial versus nuclear gene expression and membrane protein assembly: the case of subunit 2 of yeast cytochrome c oxidase. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:820-833. [PMID: 29437907 PMCID: PMC5905295 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-09-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the yeast mitochondrial gene COX2, encoding subunit 2 (mtCox2) of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), results in a respiratory-incompetent Δcox2 strain. For a cytosol-synthesized Cox2 to restore respiratory growth, it must carry the W56R mutation (cCox2W56R). Nevertheless, only a fraction of cCox2W56R is matured in mitochondria, allowing ∼60% steady-state accumulation of CcO. This can be attributed either to the point mutation or to an inefficient biogenesis of cCox2W56R. We generated a strain expressing the mutant protein mtCox2W56R inside mitochondria which should follow the canonical biogenesis of mitochondria-encoded Cox2. This strain exhibited growth rates, CcO steady-state levels, and CcO activity similar to those of the wild type; therefore, the efficiency of Cox2 biogenesis is the limiting step for successful allotopic expression. Upon coexpression of cCox2W56R and mtCox2, each protein assembled into CcO independently from its genetic origin, resulting in a mixed population of CcO with most complexes containing the mtCox2 version. Notably, the presence of the mtCox2 enhances cCox2W56R incorporation. We provide proof of principle that an allotopically expressed Cox2 may complement a phenotype due to a mutant mitochondrial COX2 gene. These results are relevant to developing a rational design of genes for allotopic expression intended to treat human mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rubalcava-Gracia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Miriam Vázquez-Acevedo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Soledad Funes
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Xochitl Pérez-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Diego González-Halphen
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
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285
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Radzvilavicius AL, Blackstone NW. The evolution of individuality revisited. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1620-1633. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil W. Blackstone
- Department of Biological Sciences; Northern Illinois University; DeKalb IL 60115 U.S.A
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286
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Chang JS, Ha K. A truncated PPAR gamma 2 localizes to mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195007. [PMID: 29566074 PMCID: PMC5864067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a key regulator of brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis. The PPARγ gene produces two isoforms, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2. PPARγ2 is identical to PPARγ1 except for additional 30 amino acids present in the N-terminus of PPARγ2. Here we report that the C-terminally truncated form of PPARγ2 is predominantly present in the mitochondrial matrix of brown adipocytes and that it binds to the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which contains the promoter for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) genes. Expression of mitochondrially targeted MLS-PPARγ2 in brown adipocytes increases mtDNA-encoded ETC gene expression concomitant with enhanced mitochondrial respiration. These results suggest that direct regulation of mitochondrially encoded ETC gene expression by mitochondrial PPARγ2, in part, underlies the isoform-specific role for PPARγ2 in brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Suk Chang
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Metabolism, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyoungsoo Ha
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Metabolism, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
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287
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Dumit VI, Zerbes RM, Kaeser-Pebernard S, Rackiewicz M, Wall MT, Gretzmeier C, Küttner V, van der Laan M, Braun RJ, Dengjel J. Respiratory status determines the effect of emodin on cell viability. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37478-37490. [PMID: 28415582 PMCID: PMC5514923 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthraquinone emodin has been shown to have antineoplastic properties and a wealth of unconnected effects have been linked to its use, most of which are likely secondary outcomes of the drug treatment. The primary activity of emodin on cells has remained unknown. In the present study we demonstrate dramatic and extensive effects of emodin on the redox state of cells and on mitochondrial homeostasis, irrespectively of the cell type and organism, ranging from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to human cell lines and primary cells. Emodin binds to redox-active enzymes and its effectiveness depends on the oxidative and respiratory status of cells. We show that cells with efficient respiratory metabolism are less susceptible to emodin, whereas cells under glycolytic metabolism are more vulnerable to the compound. Our findings indicate that emodin acts in a similar way as known uncouplers of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and causes oxidative stress that particularly disturbs cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica I Dumit
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Core Facility Proteomics, ZBSA, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf M Zerbes
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Michal Rackiewicz
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mona T Wall
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christine Gretzmeier
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Küttner
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ralf J Braun
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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288
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Salignon J, Richard M, Fulcrand E, Duplus-Bottin H, Yvert G. Genomics of cellular proliferation in periodic environmental fluctuations. Mol Syst Biol 2018; 14:e7823. [PMID: 29507053 PMCID: PMC5836541 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20177823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Living systems control cell growth dynamically by processing information from their environment. Although responses to a single environmental change have been intensively studied, little is known about how cells react to fluctuating conditions. Here, we address this question at the genomic scale by measuring the relative proliferation rate (fitness) of 3,568 yeast gene deletion mutants in out-of-equilibrium conditions: periodic oscillations between two environmental conditions. In periodic salt stress, fitness and its genetic variance largely depended on the oscillating period. Surprisingly, dozens of mutants displayed pronounced hyperproliferation under short stress periods, revealing unexpected controllers of growth under fast dynamics. We validated the implication of the high-affinity cAMP phosphodiesterase and of a regulator of protein translocation to mitochondria in this group. Periodic oscillations of extracellular methionine, a factor unrelated to salinity, also altered fitness but to a lesser extent and for different genes. The results illustrate how natural selection acts on mutations in a dynamic environment, highlighting unsuspected genetic vulnerabilities to periodic stress in molecular processes that are conserved across all eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Salignon
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Richard
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Etienne Fulcrand
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Duplus-Bottin
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gaël Yvert
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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289
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Import of TAT-Conjugated Propionyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase Using Models of Propionic Acidemia. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00491-17. [PMID: 29378828 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00491-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionic acidemia is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme propionyl coenzyme A carboxylase (PCC) located in the mitochondrial matrix. Cell-penetrating peptides, including transactivator of transcription (TAT), offer a potential to deliver a cargo into the mitochondrion. Here, we investigated the delivery of an α6β6 PCC enzyme into mitochondria using the HIV TAT peptide at several levels: into isolated mitochondria, in patient fibroblast cells, and in a mouse model. Results from Western blots and enzyme activity assays confirmed the import of TAT-PCC into mitochondria, as well as into patient fibroblasts, where the colocalization of imported TAT-PCC and mitochondria was also confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, a single-dose intraperitoneal injection into PCC-deficient mice decreased the propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine (C3/C2) ratio toward the normal level. These results show that a cell-penetrating peptide can deliver active multimeric enzyme into mitochondria in vitro, in situ, and in vivo and push the size limit of intracellular delivery achieved so far. Our results are promising for other mitochondrion-specific deficiencies.
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290
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Ebiloma GU, Ayuga TD, Balogun EO, Gil LA, Donachie A, Kaiser M, Herraiz T, Inaoka DK, Shiba T, Harada S, Kita K, de Koning HP, Dardonville C. Inhibition of trypanosome alternative oxidase without its N-terminal mitochondrial targeting signal (ΔMTS-TAO) by cationic and non-cationic 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-alkoxybenzaldehyde derivatives active against T. brucei and T. congolense. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:385-402. [PMID: 29544150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
African trypanosomiasis is a neglected parasitic disease that is still of great public health relevance, and a severe impediment to agriculture in endemic areas. The pathogens possess certain unique metabolic features that can be exploited for the development of new drugs. Notably, they rely on an essential, mitochondrially-localized enzyme, Trypanosome Alternative Oxidase (TAO) for their energy metabolism, which is absent in the mammalian hosts and therefore an attractive target for the design of safe drugs. In this study, we cloned, expressed and purified the physiologically relevant form of TAO, which lacks the N-terminal 25 amino acid mitochondrial targeting sequence (ΔMTS-TAO). A new class of 32 cationic and non-cationic 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-alkoxybenzaldehyde inhibitors was designed and synthesized, enabling the first structure-activity relationship studies on ΔMTS-TAO. Remarkably, we obtained compounds with enzyme inhibition values (IC50) as low as 2 nM, which were efficacious against wild type and multidrug-resistant strains of T. brucei and T. congolense. The inhibitors 13, 15, 16, 19, and 30, designed with a mitochondrion-targeting lipophilic cation tail, displayed trypanocidal potencies comparable to the reference drugs pentamidine and diminazene, and showed no cross-resistance with the critical diamidine and melaminophenyl arsenical classes of trypanocides. The cationic inhibitors 15, 16, 19, 20, and 30 were also much more selective (900 - 344,000) over human cells than the non-targeted neutral derivatives (selectivity >8-fold). A preliminary in vivo study showed that modest doses of 15 and 16 reduced parasitaemia of mice infected with T. b. rhodesiense (STIB900). These compounds represent a promising new class of potent and selective hits against African trypanosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
| | - Teresa Díaz Ayuga
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emmanuel O Balogun
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 2222, Nigeria
| | - Lucía Abad Gil
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Donachie
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse, 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomás Herraiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel K Inaoka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tomoo Shiba
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Harada
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kita
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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291
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Zorova LD, Popkov VA, Plotnikov EJ, Silachev DN, Pevzner IB, Jankauskas SS, Zorov SD, Babenko VA, Zorov DB. Functional Significance of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747818010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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292
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Kravic B, Harbauer AB, Romanello V, Simeone L, Vögtle FN, Kaiser T, Straubinger M, Huraskin D, Böttcher M, Cerqua C, Martin ED, Poveda-Huertes D, Buttgereit A, Rabalski AJ, Heuss D, Rudolf R, Friedrich O, Litchfield D, Marber M, Salviati L, Mougiakakos D, Neuhuber W, Sandri M, Meisinger C, Hashemolhosseini S. In mammalian skeletal muscle, phosphorylation of TOMM22 by protein kinase CSNK2/CK2 controls mitophagy. Autophagy 2018; 14:311-335. [PMID: 29165030 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1403716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In yeast, Tom22, the central component of the TOMM (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane) receptor complex, is responsible for the recognition and translocation of synthesized mitochondrial precursor proteins, and its protein kinase CK2-dependent phosphorylation is mandatory for TOMM complex biogenesis and proper mitochondrial protein import. In mammals, the biological function of protein kinase CSNK2/CK2 remains vastly elusive and it is unknown whether CSNK2-dependent phosphorylation of TOMM protein subunits has a similar role as that in yeast. To address this issue, we used a skeletal muscle-specific Csnk2b/Ck2β-conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model. Phenotypically, these skeletal muscle Csnk2b cKO mice showed reduced muscle strength and abnormal metabolic activity of mainly oxidative muscle fibers, which point towards mitochondrial dysfunction. Enzymatically, active muscle lysates from skeletal muscle Csnk2b cKO mice phosphorylate murine TOMM22, the mammalian ortholog of yeast Tom22, to a lower extent than lysates prepared from controls. Mechanistically, CSNK2-mediated phosphorylation of TOMM22 changes its binding affinity for mitochondrial precursor proteins. However, in contrast to yeast, mitochondrial protein import seems not to be affected in vitro using mitochondria isolated from muscles of skeletal muscle Csnk2b cKO mice. PINK1, a mitochondrial health sensor that undergoes constitutive import under physiological conditions, accumulates within skeletal muscle Csnk2b cKO fibers and labels abnormal mitochondria for removal by mitophagy as demonstrated by the appearance of mitochondria-containing autophagosomes through electron microscopy. Mitophagy can be normalized by either introduction of a phosphomimetic TOMM22 mutant in cultured myotubes, or by in vivo electroporation of phosphomimetic Tomm22 into muscles of mice. Importantly, transfection of the phosphomimetic Tomm22 mutant in muscle cells with ablated Csnk2b restored their oxygen consumption rate comparable to wild-type levels. In sum, our data show that mammalian CSNK2-dependent phosphorylation of TOMM22 is a critical switch for mitophagy and reveal CSNK2-dependent physiological implications on metabolism, muscle integrity and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Kravic
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Angelika B Harbauer
- b Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Biology , University of Freiburg , Germany
| | - Vanina Romanello
- c Department of Biomedical Science , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Luca Simeone
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - F-Nora Vögtle
- l Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, BIOSS (Centre for Biological Signalling Studies), Faculty of Medicine , University of Freiburg , Germany
| | - Tobias Kaiser
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Marion Straubinger
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Danyil Huraskin
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Martin Böttcher
- d Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Cristina Cerqua
- e Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health , University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza , Padova , Italy
| | - Eva Denise Martin
- f King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, The Rayne Institute , St Thomas' Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Poveda-Huertes
- b Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Biology , University of Freiburg , Germany
| | - Andreas Buttgereit
- g Institute of Medical Biotechnology , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | | | - Dieter Heuss
- i Department of Neurology , University Hospital of Erlangen, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- j University of Applied Sciences Mannheim , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- g Institute of Medical Biotechnology , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | | | - Michael Marber
- f King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, The Rayne Institute , St Thomas' Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- e Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health , University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza , Padova , Italy
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- d Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Winfried Neuhuber
- k Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Marco Sandri
- c Department of Biomedical Science , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Chris Meisinger
- l Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, BIOSS (Centre for Biological Signalling Studies), Faculty of Medicine , University of Freiburg , Germany
| | - Said Hashemolhosseini
- a Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Cohen-Erez I, Rapaport H. Negatively charged polypeptide-peptide nanoparticles showing efficient drug delivery to the mitochondria. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 162:186-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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294
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Bragoszewski P, Turek M, Chacinska A. Control of mitochondrial biogenesis and function by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170007. [PMID: 28446709 PMCID: PMC5413908 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal organelles in eukaryotic cells. The complex proteome of mitochondria comprises proteins that are encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The biogenesis of mitochondrial proteins requires their transport in an unfolded state with a high risk of misfolding. The mislocalization of mitochondrial proteins is deleterious to the cell. The electron transport chain in mitochondria is a source of reactive oxygen species that damage proteins. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to many pathological conditions and, together with the loss of cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis), are hallmarks of ageing and ageing-related degeneration diseases. The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, has been associated with mitochondrial and proteostasis failure. Thus, mitochondrial proteins require sophisticated surveillance mechanisms. Although mitochondria form a proteasome-exclusive compartment, multiple lines of evidence indicate a crucial role for the cytosolic ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in the quality control of mitochondrial proteins. The proteasome affects mitochondrial proteins at stages of their biogenesis and maturity. The effects of the UPS go beyond the removal of damaged proteins and include the adjustment of mitochondrial proteome composition, the regulation of organelle dynamics and the protection of cellular homeostasis against mitochondrial failure. In turn, mitochondrial activity and mitochondrial dysfunction adjust the activity of the UPS, with implications at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bragoszewski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Turek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chacinska
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland .,Centre of New Technologies, Warsaw University, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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295
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Abstract
Mitochondria are cytosolic organelles essential for generating energy and maintaining cell homeostasis. Despite their critical function, the handful of proteins expressed by the mitochondrial genome is insufficient to maintain mitochondrial structure or activity. Accordingly, mitochondrial metabolism is fully dependent on factors encoded by the nuclear DNA, including many proteins synthesized in the cytosol and imported into mitochondria via established mechanisms. However, there is growing evidence that mammalian mitochondria can also import cytosolic noncoding RNA via poorly understood processes. Here, we summarize our knowledge of mitochondrial RNA, discuss recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms and functional impact of RNA import into mitochondria, and identify rising challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Mi Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Ji Heon Noh
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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296
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Abstract
Insights from inherited forms of parkinsonism suggest that insufficient mitophagy may be one etiology of the disease. PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy, which helps maintain a healthy mitochondrial network, is initiated by activation of the PINK1 kinase specifically on damaged mitochondria. Recent investigation of this process reveals that import of PINK1 into mitochondria is regulated and yields a stress-sensing mechanism. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of mitochondrial stress-dependent PINK1 activation that is exerted by regulated import of PINK1 into different mitochondrial compartments and how this offers strategies to pharmacologically activate the PINK1/Parkin pathway.
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297
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Carmona-Gutierrez D, Bauer MA, Zimmermann A, Aguilera A, Austriaco N, Ayscough K, Balzan R, Bar-Nun S, Barrientos A, Belenky P, Blondel M, Braun RJ, Breitenbach M, Burhans WC, Büttner S, Cavalieri D, Chang M, Cooper KF, Côrte-Real M, Costa V, Cullin C, Dawes I, Dengjel J, Dickman MB, Eisenberg T, Fahrenkrog B, Fasel N, Fröhlich KU, Gargouri A, Giannattasio S, Goffrini P, Gourlay CW, Grant CM, Greenwood MT, Guaragnella N, Heger T, Heinisch J, Herker E, Herrmann JM, Hofer S, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Jungwirth H, Kainz K, Kontoyiannis DP, Ludovico P, Manon S, Martegani E, Mazzoni C, Megeney LA, Meisinger C, Nielsen J, Nyström T, Osiewacz HD, Outeiro TF, Park HO, Pendl T, Petranovic D, Picot S, Polčic P, Powers T, Ramsdale M, Rinnerthaler M, Rockenfeller P, Ruckenstuhl C, Schaffrath R, Segovia M, Severin FF, Sharon A, Sigrist SJ, Sommer-Ruck C, Sousa MJ, Thevelein JM, Thevissen K, Titorenko V, Toledano MB, Tuite M, Vögtle FN, Westermann B, Winderickx J, Wissing S, Wölfl S, Zhang ZJ, Zhao RY, Zhou B, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G, Madeo F. Guidelines and recommendations on yeast cell death nomenclature. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2018; 5:4-31. [PMID: 29354647 PMCID: PMC5772036 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.01.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the biology of yeast in its full complexity has major implications for science, medicine and industry. One of the most critical processes determining yeast life and physiology is cel-lular demise. However, the investigation of yeast cell death is a relatively young field, and a widely accepted set of concepts and terms is still missing. Here, we propose unified criteria for the defi-nition of accidental, regulated, and programmed forms of cell death in yeast based on a series of morphological and biochemical criteria. Specifically, we provide consensus guidelines on the differ-ential definition of terms including apoptosis, regulated necrosis, and autophagic cell death, as we refer to additional cell death rou-tines that are relevant for the biology of (at least some species of) yeast. As this area of investigation advances rapidly, changes and extensions to this set of recommendations will be implemented in the years to come. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage the au-thors, reviewers and editors of scientific articles to adopt these collective standards in order to establish an accurate framework for yeast cell death research and, ultimately, to accelerate the pro-gress of this vibrant field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Anna Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrés Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología, Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Kathryn Ayscough
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rena Balzan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Shoshana Bar-Nun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Antonio Barrientos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medi-cine, Miami, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Marc Blondel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1078, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, CHRU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest, France
| | - Ralf J. Braun
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - William C. Burhans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Chang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrina F. Cooper
- Dept. Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, USA
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ian Dawes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Martin B. Dickman
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birthe Fahrenkrog
- Laboratory Biology of the Nucleus, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Fasel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kai-Uwe Fröhlich
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes, Center de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Campbell W. Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Chris M. Grant
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T. Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Jürgen Heinisch
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eva Herker
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Helmut Jungwirth
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Kainz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
- Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Enzo Martegani
- Department of Biotechnolgy and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzoni
- Instituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti - Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chris Meisinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hay-Oak Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tobias Pendl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dina Petranovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephane Picot
- Malaria Research Unit, SMITh, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS-INSA-CPE-University Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut of Parasitology and Medical Mycology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Polčic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ted Powers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mark Ramsdale
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | | | - Raffael Schaffrath
- Institute of Biology, Division of Microbiology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Maria Segovia
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fedor F. Severin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of physico-chemical biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Amir Sharon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stephan J. Sigrist
- Institute for Biology/Genetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sommer-Ruck
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Johan M. Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Michel B. Toledano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mick Tuite
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - F.-Nora Vögtle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecu-lar Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhaojie J. Zhang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - Richard Y. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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298
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Bridges RJ, Bradbury NA. Cystic Fibrosis, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator and Drugs: Insights from Cellular Trafficking. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 245:385-425. [PMID: 29460152 DOI: 10.1007/164_2018_103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic cell is organized into membrane-delineated compartments that are characterized by specific cadres of proteins sustaining biochemically distinct cellular processes. The appropriate subcellular localization of proteins is key to proper organelle function and provides a physiological context for cellular processes. Disruption of normal trafficking pathways for proteins is seen in several genetic diseases, where a protein's absence for a specific subcellular compartment leads to organelle disruption, and in the context of an individual, a disruption of normal physiology. Importantly, several drug therapies can also alter protein trafficking, causing unwanted side effects. Thus, a deeper understanding of trafficking pathways needs to be appreciated as novel therapeutic modalities are proposed. Despite the promising efficacy of novel therapeutic agents, the intracellular bioavailability of these compounds has proved to be a potential barrier, leading to failures in treatments for various diseases and disorders. While endocytosis of drug moieties provides an efficient means of getting material into cells, the subsequent release and endosomal escape of materials into the cytosol where they need to act has been a barrier. An understanding of cellular protein/lipid trafficking pathways has opened up strategies for increasing drug bioavailability. Approaches to enhance endosomal exit have greatly increased the cytosolic bioavailability of drugs and will provide a means of investigating previous drugs that may have been shelved due to their low cytosolic concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Bridges
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neil A Bradbury
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA.
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299
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Verma S, Shakya VPS, Idnurm A. Exploring and exploiting the connection between mitochondria and the virulence of human pathogenic fungi. Virulence 2018; 9:426-446. [PMID: 29261004 PMCID: PMC5955198 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1414133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are best known for their role in the production of ATP; however, recent research implicates other mitochondrial functions in the virulence of human pathogenic fungi. Inhibitors of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase or the electron transport chain are successfully used to combat plant pathogenic fungi, but similar inhibition of mitochondrial functions has not been pursued for applications in medical mycology. Advances in understanding mitochondrial function relevant to human pathogenic fungi are in four major directions: 1) the role of mitochondrial morphology in virulence, 2) mitochondrial genetics, with a focus on mitochondrial DNA recombination and mitochondrial inheritance 3) the role of mitochondria in drug resistance, and 4) the interaction of mitochondria with other organelles. Collectively, despite the similarities in mitochondrial functions between fungi and animals, this organelle is currently an under-explored potential target to treat medical mycoses. Future research could define and then exploit those mitochondrial components best suited as drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Viplendra P. S. Shakya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexander Idnurm
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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300
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Dinca AA, Chien WM, Chin MT. Identification of novel mitochondrial localization signals in human Tafazzin, the cause of the inherited cardiomyopathic disorder Barth syndrome. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 114:83-92. [PMID: 29129703 PMCID: PMC5801207 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene tafazzin (TAZ) result in Barth syndrome (BTHS). Patients present with hypotonia, cyclic neutropenia, 3-methyglutaconic aciduria, and cardiomyopathy, which is the major cause of mortality. The recessive, X-linked TAZ gene encodes a mitochondrial membrane-associated phospholipid modifying enzyme, which adds unsaturated fatty acid species to monolysocardiolipin to generate mature cardiolipin in the mitochondrial membrane that is essential for mitochondrial morphology and function. To identify intrinsic mitochondrial localization sequences in the human TAZ protein, we made sequential TAZ peptide-eGFP fusion protein expression constructs and analyzed the localization of eGFP fluorescence by confocal microscopy. We assessed these fusion proteins for mitochondrial localization through cotransfection of H9c2 cells with plasmids encoding organellar markers linked to TdTomato. We have identified two peptides of TAZ that are independently responsible for mitochondrial localization. Using CRISPR-generated TAZ knock out cell lines, we found that these peptides are able to direct proteins to mitochondria in the absence of endogenous TAZ. These peptides are not located within the predicted enzymatic clefts of TAZ, implying that some BTHS disease causing mutations may affect mitochondrial localization without affecting transacylase activity. These novel peptides improve our understanding of TAZ intracellular trafficking, provide insight into the molecular basis of BTHS and provide molecular reagents for developing targeted mitochondrial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana A Dinca
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Wei-Ming Chien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Michael T Chin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States.
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