251
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TRIF/miR-34a mediates aldosterone-induced cardiac inflammation and remodeling. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1319-1331. [PMID: 32542395 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone, as a major product of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), determines multiple pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular diseases. The excess inflammatory response is one of the key profiles in aldosterone-mediated cardiac remodeling. However, the potential mechanisms of aldosterone/inflammatory signaling were still not fully disclosed. The present study aimed to investigate whether TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (Trif) participated in the aldosterone-induced cardiac remodeling, and to explore potential molecular mechanisms. Trif knockout mice and their littermates were osmotically administrated with aldosterone (50 μg/kg per day) for 21 and 42 days. The cardiac structural analysis, functional parameters, and mitochondrial function were measured. Aldosterone dose- or time-dependently increased the levels of TRIF in primary mouse cardiomyocytes or mouse heart tissues. Trif deficiency protected against aldosterone-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction. Moreover, Trif deficiency also suppressed aldosterone-induced cardiac inflammatory response and mitochondrial injuries. Mechanistically, overexpression of cardiac microRNAs (miR)-34a reversed the cardiac benefits of Trif deficiency in aldosterone-treated mice. Taken together, Trif/miR-34a axis could provide a novel molecular mechanism for explaining aldosterone-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and functional disorders.
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252
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Comparison of polyphenol-rich wine grape seed flour-regulated fecal and blood microRNAs in high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced obese mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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253
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Zhao L, Fan M, Zhao L, Yun H, Yang Y, Wang C, Qin D. Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation and systemic insulin resistance via enhancing adipocyte mTORC2/Rictor signal. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12813-12825. [PMID: 32979037 PMCID: PMC7687011 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity‐induced activation and proliferation of resident macrophages and infiltration of circulating monocytes in adipose tissues contribute to adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. These effects further promote the development of metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes, which is one of the most prevalent health conditions severely threatening human health worldwide. Our study examined the potential molecular mechanism employed by fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) to improve insulin sensitivity. The leptin receptor‐deficient obese mice (db/db) served as an insulin‐resistant model. Our results demonstrated that FGF1‐induced amelioration of insulin resistance in obese mice was related to the decreased levels of pro‐inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and plasma inflammatory factors. We found that FGF1 enhanced the adipocyte mTORC2/Rictor signalling pathway to inhibit C‐C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) production, the major cause of circulating monocytes infiltration, activation and proliferation of resident macrophages in adipose tissues. Conversely, these alleviating effects of FGF1 were substantially abrogated in adipocytes with reduced expression of mTORC2/rictor. Furthermore, a model of adipocyte‐specific mTORC2/Rictor‐knockout (AdRiKO) obese mice was developed to further understand the in vitro result. Altogether, these results demonstrated adipocyte mTORC2/Rictor was a crucial target for FGF1 function on adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaojuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhuang Lang, Pingliang, China
| | - Hongyan Yun
- Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhuang Lang, Pingliang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Qin
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing, China
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254
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Abstract
Exosomes, the nanoscale phospholipid bilayer vesicles, enriched in selected proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which they participated in a variety of biological processes in the body, including physiology and pathology. CircRNAs (circular RNAs) are a class of single-stranded closed molecules with tissue development specific expression patterns that have crucial regulatory functions in various diseases. Non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs and long non‑coding RNAs) in exosomes have also been shown to play an important regulatory role in humans. However, little research has focused on exosomal circRNAs. Recently, CircRNAs have been identified to be enriched and stably expressed in exosomes. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis and biological functions of exosomes and circRNA, and further revealed the potential role of exosome-derived circRNA in different diseases. Besides, we propose its use as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic punctuation for diseases, especially in cancer.
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255
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Kim Y, Kim OK. Potential Roles of Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in Obesity-Mediated Insulin Resistance. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:566-574. [PMID: 32879940 PMCID: PMC8009749 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) from adipose tissue have been shown to be involved in the development of insulin resistance. Here, we summarize several mechanisms explaining the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance and associated changes in the expression of obesity-associated extracellular miRNAs. We discuss how miRNAs, particularly miR-27a, miR-34a, miR-141-3p, miR-155, miR210, and miR-222, in extracellular vesicles secreted from the adipose tissue can affect the insulin signaling pathway in metabolic tissue. Understanding the role of these miRNAs will further support the development of therapeutics for obesity and metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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256
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The Role of Exosomes in the Crosstalk between Adipocytes and Liver Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091988. [PMID: 32872417 PMCID: PMC7563540 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transport bioactive materials between cells and organs. The cargo delivered by exosomes can alter a wide range of cellular responses in recipient cells and play an important pathophysiological role in human cancers. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for example, adipocyte- and tumor-secreted factors contained in exosomes contribute to the creation of a chronic inflammatory state, which contributes to disease progression. The exosome-mediated crosstalk between adipocytes and liver cancer cells is a key aspect of a dynamic tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the role of increased adiposity and the role of adipocyte-derived exosomes (AdExos) and HCC-derived exosomes (HCCExos) in the modulation of HCC progression. We also discuss recent advances regarding how malignant cells interact with the surrounding adipose tissue and employ exosomes to promote a more aggressive phenotype.
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257
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Khan MJ, Singh P, Dohare R, Jha R, Rahmani AH, Almatroodi SA, Ali S, Syed MA. Inhibition of miRNA-34a Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization and Improves LPS-Induced Lung Injury by Targeting Klf4. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11090966. [PMID: 32825525 PMCID: PMC7563942 DOI: 10.3390/genes11090966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an outcome of an accelerated immune response that starts initially as a defensive measure, however, due to non-canonical signaling, it later proves to be fatal not only to the affected tissue but to the whole organ system. microRNAs are known for playing a decisive role in regulating the expression of genes involved in diverse functions such as lung development, repair, and inflammation. In-silico analyses of clinical data and microRNA databases predicted a probable interaction between miRNA-34a (miR-34a), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (ERK), and kruppel like factor 4 (Klf4). Parallel to in silico results, here, we show that intra-tracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to mice enhanced miR-34a expression in lung macrophages. Inhibition of miR-34a significantly improved lung histology, whereas over-expression of miR-34a worsened the lung injury phenotype. miR-34a over-expression in macrophages were also demonstrated to favour pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and inhibition of M2 polarization. In a quest to confirm this likely interaction, expression profiles of Klf4 as the putative target were analyzed in different macrophage polarizing conditions. Klf4 expression was found to be prominent in the miR-34a inhibitor-treated group but down-regulated in the miR-34a mimic treated group. Immuno-histopathological analyses of lung tissue from the mice treated with miR-34a inhibitor also showed reduced inflammatory M1 markers as well as enhanced cell proliferation. The present study indicates that miR-34a intensified LPS-induced lung injury and inflammation by regulating Klf4 and macrophage polarization, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for acute lung injury/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Junaid Khan
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.S.); (R.D.); (R.J.)
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.S.); (R.D.); (R.J.)
| | - Rishabh Jha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.S.); (R.D.); (R.J.)
| | - Arshad H. Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Shakir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-995-378-6440
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258
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Florijn BW, Valstar GB, Duijs JMGJ, Menken R, Cramer MJ, Teske AJ, Ghossein-Doha C, Rutten FH, Spaanderman MEA, den Ruijter HM, Bijkerk R, van Zonneveld AJ. Sex-specific microRNAs in women with diabetes and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction or HFpEF associate with microvascular injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13945. [PMID: 32811874 PMCID: PMC7435264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are microcirculation defects following diabetes mellitus (DM). Unrecognized HFpEF is more prevalent in women with diabetes compared to men with diabetes and therefore sex-specific diagnostic strategies are needed. Previously, we demonstrated altered plasma miRs in DM patients with microvascular injury [defined by elevated plasma Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) levels]. This study hypothesized the presence of sex-differences in plasma miRs and Ang-2 in diabetic (female) patients with LVDD or HFpEF. After a pilot study, we assessed 16 plasma miRs in patients with LVDD (n = 122), controls (n = 244) and female diabetic patients (n = 10). Subsequently, among these miRs we selected and measured plasma miR-34a, -224 and -452 in diabetic HFpEF patients (n = 53) and controls (n = 52). In LVDD patients, miR-34a associated with Ang-2 levels (R2 0.04, R = 0.21, p = 0.001, 95% CI 0.103–0.312), with plasma levels being diminished in patients with DM, while women with an eGFR < 60 ml/min and LVDD had lower levels of miR-34a, -224 and -452 compared to women without an eGFR < 60 ml/min without LVDD. In diabetic HFpEF women (n = 28), plasma Ang-2 levels and the X-chromosome located miR-224/452 cluster increased compared to men. We conclude that plasma miR-34a, -224 and -452 display an association with the microvascular injury marker Ang-2 and are particularly targeted to women with LVDD or HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barend W Florijn
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Gideon B Valstar
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques M G J Duijs
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roxana Menken
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Cramer
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arco J Teske
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chahinda Ghossein-Doha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research School GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans H Rutten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc E A Spaanderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research School GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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259
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Li Y, Ding F, Shen Z. Letter by Li et al Regarding Article, "Small Extracellular Microvesicles Mediated Pathological Communications Between Dysfunctional Adipocytes and Cardiomyocytes as a Novel Mechanism Exacerbating Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Mice". Circulation 2020; 142:e95-e96. [PMID: 32804561 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.047919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangxin Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengzhi Ding
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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260
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Gan L, Xie D, Lau WB, Ma XL, Wang Y. Response by Gan et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Small Extracellular Microvesicles Mediated Pathological Communications Between Dysfunctional Adipocytes and Cardiomyocytes as a Novel Mechanism Exacerbating Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Mice". Circulation 2020; 142:e99-e100. [PMID: 32804566 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.048689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (L.G.)
| | - Dina Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (D.X, W.B.L., X.-L.M., Y.J.W.)
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (D.X, W.B.L., X.-L.M., Y.J.W.)
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (D.X, W.B.L., X.-L.M., Y.J.W.)
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (D.X, W.B.L., X.-L.M., Y.J.W.)
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261
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Harrison SA, Ratziu V, Boursier J, Francque S, Bedossa P, Majd Z, Cordonnier G, Sudrik FB, Darteil R, Liebe R, Magnanensi J, Hajji Y, Brozek J, Roudot A, Staels B, Hum DW, Megnien SJ, Hosmane S, Dam N, Chaumat P, Hanf R, Anstee QM, Sanyal AJ. A blood-based biomarker panel (NIS4) for non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis: a prospective derivation and global validation study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:970-985. [PMID: 32763196 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive tests that can identify patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) at higher risk of disease progression are lacking. We report the development and validation of a blood-based diagnostic test to non-invasively rule in and rule out at-risk NASH (defined as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] activity score [NAS] ≥4 and fibrosis stage ≥2). METHODS In this prospective derivation and global validation study, blood samples, clinical data, and liver biopsy results from three independent cohorts with suspected NAFLD were used to develop and validate a non-invasive blood-based diagnostic test, called NIS4. Derivation was done in the discovery cohort, which comprised 239 prospectively recruited patients with biopsy-confirmed NASH (NAFLD NAS ≥3; fibrosis stage 0-3) from the international GOLDEN-505 phase 2b clinical trial. A complete matrix based on 23 variables selected for univariate association with the presence of at-risk NASH and avoiding high multi-collinearity was used to derive the model in a bootstrap-based process that minimised the Akaike information criterion. The overall diagnostic performance of NIS4 was externally validated in two independent cohorts: RESOLVE-IT diag and Angers. The RESOLVE-IT diag cohort comprised the first 475 patients screened for potential inclusion into the RESOLVE-IT phase 3 clinical trial. Angers was a retrospective cohort of 227 prospectively recruited patients with suspected NAFLD and clinical risk factors for NASH or fibrosis stage 2 or more according to abnormal elastography results or abnormal liver biochemistry. Both external validation cohorts were independently analysed and were combined into a pooled validation cohort (n=702) to assess clinical performance of NIS4 and other non-invasive tests. FINDINGS The derived NIS4 algorithm comprised four independent NASH-associated biomarkers (miR-34a-5p, alpha-2 macroglobulin, YKL-40, and glycated haemoglobin; area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUROC] 0·80, 95% CI 0·73-0·85), and did not require adjustment for age, sex, body-mass index (BMI), or aminotransferase concentrations. Clinical cutoffs were established within the discovery cohort to optimise both rule out and rule in clinical performance while minimising indeterminate results. NIS4 was validated in the RESOLVE-IT diag cohort (AUROC 0·83, 95% CI 0·79-0·86) and the Angers cohort (0·76, 0·69-0·82). In the pooled validation cohort, patients with a NIS4 value less than 0·36 were classified as not having at-risk NASH (ruled out) with 81·5% (95% CI 76·9-85·3) sensitivity, 63·0% (57·8-68·0) specificity, and a negative predictive value of 77·9% (72·5-82·4), whereas those with a NIS4 value of more than 0·63 were classified as having at-risk NASH (ruled in) with 87·1% (83·1-90·3) specificity, 50·7% (45·3-56·1) sensitivity, and a positive predictive value of 79·2% (73·1-84·2). The diagnostic performance of NIS4 within the external validation cohorts was not influenced by age, sex, BMI, or aminotransferase concentrations. INTERPRETATION NIS4 is a novel blood-based diagnostic that provides an effective way to non-invasively rule in or rule out at-risk NASH in patients with metabolic risk factors and suspected disease. Use of NIS4 in clinical trials or in the clinic has the potential to greatly reduce unnecessary liver biopsies in patients with lower risk of disease progression. FUNDING Genfit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Harrison
- Summit Clinical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vlad Ratziu
- Sorbonne Université, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Boursier
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire HIFIH, UPRES EA3859, SFR 4208, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Sciences in Inflammation and Immunology & InflaMed Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pierre Bedossa
- Liverpat, Paris, France; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Roman Liebe
- Genfit, Loos, France; Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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262
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He B, Wang X, Jin X, Xue Z, Zhu J, Wang C, Jin Y, Fu Z. β -Cypermethrin promotes the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells via inducing autophagy and shaping an adipogenesis-friendly microenvironment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:821-831. [PMID: 32637997 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of synthetic pyrethroids has garnered attention, and studies have revealed that pyrethroids promote fat accumulation and lead to obesity in mice. Nevertheless, the effect of β-cypermethrin (β-CYP) on adipogenesis and its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, mouse embryo fibroblasts 3T3-L1 cells were exposed to β-CYP, and the cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, autophagy, and adipogenesis were assessed to investigate the roles of oxidative stress and autophagy in the toxic effects of β-CYP on adipogenesis. The results demonstrated that treatment with 100 μΜ β-CYP elevated the ROS level, decreased mitochondrion membrane potential, stimulated autophagy, and enhanced the adipogenesis induced by the mixture of insulin, dexamethasone, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. However, co-treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine partially blocked the abovementioned effects of β-CYP in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, co-treatment with rapamycin, an autophagy agonist, enhanced the inductive effect of β-CYP on adipogenesis, whereas co-treatment with 3-methyladenine blocked the enhancement of adipogenesis caused by β-CYP. Moreover, β-CYP also altered the microenvironment of 3T3-L1 cells to an adipogenesis-friendly one by reducing the extracellular expression of miR-34a, suggesting that the culture media of β-CYP-treated 3T3-L1 cells could shift macrophages to M2 type. Taken together, the data obtained in the present study demonstrated that β-CYP promoted adipogenesis via oxidative stress-mediated autophagy disturbance, and it caused macrophage M2 polarization via the alteration of miR-34a level in the microenvironment. The study demonstrated the adipogenesis-promoting effect of β-CYP and unveiled the potential mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xini Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zimeng Xue
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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263
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Wang W, Zhu N, Yan T, Shi YN, Chen J, Zhang CJ, Xie XJ, Liao DF, Qin L. The crosstalk: exosomes and lipid metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:119. [PMID: 32746850 PMCID: PMC7398059 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have been considered as novel and potent vehicles of intercellular communication, instead of "cell dust". Exosomes are consistent with anucleate cells, and organelles with lipid bilayer consisting of the proteins and abundant lipid, enhancing their "rigidity" and "flexibility". Neighboring cells or distant cells are capable of exchanging genetic or metabolic information via exosomes binding to recipient cell and releasing bioactive molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Of note, exosomes exert the remarkable effects on lipid metabolism, including the synthesis, transportation and degradation of the lipid. The disorder of lipid metabolism mediated by exosomes leads to the occurrence and progression of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity and Alzheimer's diseases and so on. More importantly, lipid metabolism can also affect the production and secretion of exosomes, as well as interactions with the recipient cells. Therefore, exosomes may be applied as effective targets for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ning Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery in Changsha, 921 hospital, joint service support force of People's Liberation Army, Changsha, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Li Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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264
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Zhou Y, Tan C. miRNAs in Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Multiple Roles in Development of Obesity-Associated Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:171. [PMID: 32850961 PMCID: PMC7403463 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are common modern health challenges. Caloric intake greater than that needed for energy production results in excess storage of fat in the abdomen. Visceral fat secretes a wide spectrum of adipokines, and increased adiposity is associated with a higher risk of development of metabolic disorders. In addition, adipose tissue secretes extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate with peripheral cells and distant organs, and regulate whole-body metabolism. Furthermore, clinical evidence has shown that adipose tissue-derived EVs are present at low levels in the circulation of healthy individuals. In contrast, individuals with metabolic syndrome have significantly higher levels of circulating adipose-derived EVs. The composition of the contents of EVs is dynamic, and closely mirrors individual daily habits and fasting-fed state metabolic characteristics. In this mini-review, we aimed to elucidate the role of adipocyte-derived EVs in regulation of whole-body metabolism under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Studies have shown that adipose tissue may be a major source of circulating exosomal miRNAs that regulate metabolic homeostasis and directly promote insulin-resistance in other organs. Furthermore, the composition of adipocyte-derived circulating miRNAs in EVs may change prior to development of metabolic disorder. Adipocyte-derived miRNAs in EVs may also induce obesity-related changes such as M1 polarization and inhibition of M2 polarization of macrophages, which may affect the biological behaviors of surrounding tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaliang Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunlu Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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265
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Xia W, Zou C, Chen H, Xie C, Hou M. Immune checkpoint inhibitor induces cardiac injury through polarizing macrophages via modulating microRNA-34a/Kruppel-like factor 4 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:575. [PMID: 32709878 PMCID: PMC7382486 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become a well-established treatment option for some cancers; however, its use is hampered by its cardiovascular adverse effects. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-related cardiac toxicity took place in kinds of different forms, such as myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, and pericardial disease, with high mortality rates. This study aimed to investigate the roles of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, one of widespread used ICIs, in the development of murine cardiac injury. PD-1 inhibitor is known to transduce immunoregulatory signals that modulate macrophages polarization to attack tumor cells. Hence, this study explored whether the cardiovascular adverse effects of PD-1 inhibitor were related to macrophage polarization. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a), which appears to regulate the polarization of cultured macrophages to induce inflammation, is examined in cardiac injury and macrophage polarization induced by the PD-1 inhibitor. As a target of miR-34a, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) acted as an anti-inflammation effector to take cardiac protective effect. Further, it investigated whether modulating the miR-34a/KLF4-signaling pathway could influence macrophage polarization. The PD-1 inhibitor markedly induced M1 phenotype macrophage polarization with impaired cardiac function, whereas miR-34a inhibitor transfection treatment reversed M1 polarization and cardiac injury in vivo. In vitro, PD-1 inhibitor-induced M1 polarization was accompanied by an increase in the expression of miR-34a but a decrease in the expression of KLF4. TargetScan and luciferase assay showed that miR-34a targeted the KLF4 3′-untranslated region. Either miR-34a inhibition or KLF4 overexpression could abolish M1 polarization induced by the PD-1 inhibitor. The findings strongly suggested that the PD-1 inhibitor exerted its effect in promoting M1 polarization and cardiac injury by modulating the miR-34a/KLF4-signaling pathway and inducing myocardial inflammation. These findings might help us to understand the pathogenesis of cardiac injury during immunotherapy, and provide new targets in ameliorating cardiac injury in patients with cancer receiving PD-1 inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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266
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Cardioprotective effects of miR-34a silencing in a rat model of doxorubicin toxicity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12250. [PMID: 32704131 PMCID: PMC7378226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity remains a serious problem in anthracycline-treated oncologic patients. Therapeutic modulation of microRNA expression is emerging as a cardioprotective approach in several cardiovascular pathologies. MiR-34a increased in animals and patients exposed to anthracyclines and is involved in cardiac repair. In our previous study, we demonstrated beneficial effects of miR-34a silencing in rat cardiac cells exposed to doxorubicin (DOXO). The aim of the present work is to evaluate the potential cardioprotective properties of a specific antimiR-34a (Ant34a) in an experimental model of DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. Results indicate that in our model systemic administration of Ant34a completely silences miR-34a myocardial expression and importantly attenuates DOXO-induced cardiac dysfunction. Ant34a systemic delivery in DOXO-treated rats triggers an upregulation of prosurvival miR-34a targets Bcl-2 and SIRT1 that mediate a reduction of DOXO-induced cardiac damage represented by myocardial apoptosis, senescence, fibrosis and inflammation. These findings suggest that miR-34a therapeutic inhibition may have clinical relevance to attenuate DOXO-induced toxicity in the heart of oncologic patients.
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267
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Jiang M, Fang H, Dang E, Zhang J, Qiao P, Yu C, Yang A, Wang G. Small Extracellular Vesicles Containing miR-381-3p from Keratinocytes Promote T Helper Type 1 and T Helper Type 17 Polarization in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:563-574. [PMID: 32712160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
T helper cells are crucial for psoriasis pathogenesis. Communication between T cells and psoriatic keratinocytes (KCs) helps drive the Th1 and Th17 response, but the underlying mechanism is not well-understood. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are emerging mediators of intercellular communication. Here, we investigated the role of KC-derived sEVs in the Th1 and Th17 response in psoriasis. We isolated and characterized sEVs from KCs under normal (untreated) and psoriatic (cytokine-treated) conditions. sEVs under both conditions exhibited a cup-shaped morphology and expressed markers CD63 and CD81. sEVs from cytokine-treated KCs can be taken up by CD4+T cells, leading to the induction of Th1 and Th17 polarization. Small RNA sequencing revealed that miR-381-3p was significantly increased in sEVs from cytokine-treated KCs and in CD4+T cells from patients with psoriasis. Moreover, sEVs-containing miR-381-3p was responsible for sEVs-induced Th1 and Th17 polarization. We further found that the miR-381-3p targeted to the 3' untranslated region of E3 ubiquitin-ligase UBR5 and stabilized RORγt protein expression. It also targeted to the 3' untranslated region of FOXO1, associated with activated T-bet and RORγt transcription. Taken together, we propose that psoriatic KCs transfer miR-381-3p to CD4+T cells through sEVs, inducing Th1 and Th17 polarization and promoting psoriasis development. Our findings motivate future studies of KC-derived sEVs or their specific cargoes as therapeutic candidates for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Angang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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268
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Chen C, Luo Y, He W, Zhao Y, Kong Y, Liu H, Zhong G, Li Y, Li J, Huang J, Chen R, Lin T. Exosomal long noncoding RNA LNMAT2 promotes lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:404-421. [PMID: 31593555 DOI: 10.1172/jci130892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with bladder cancer (BCa) with clinical lymph node (LN) metastasis have an extremely poor prognosis. VEGF-C has been demonstrated to play vital roles in LN metastasis in BCa. However, approximately 20% of BCa with LN metastasis exhibits low VEGF-C expression, suggesting a VEGF-C-independent mechanism for LN metastasis of BCa. Herein, we demonstrate that BCa cell-secreted exosome-mediated lymphangiogenesis promoted LN metastasis in BCa in a VEGF-C-independent manner. We identified an exosomal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), termed lymph node metastasis-associated transcript 2 (LNMAT2), that stimulated human lymphatic endothelial cell (HLEC) tube formation and migration in vitro and enhanced tumor lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, LNMAT2 was loaded to BCa cell-secreted exosomes by directly interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1). Subsequently, exosomal LNMAT2 was internalized by HLECs and epigenetically upregulated prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) expression by recruitment of hnRNPA2B1 and increasing the H3K4 trimethylation level in the PROX1 promoter, ultimately resulting in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, our findings highlight a VEGF-C-independent mechanism of exosomal lncRNA-mediated LN metastasis and identify LNMAT2 as a therapeutic target for LN metastasis in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang He
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangzheng Zhong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rufu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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269
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Li Y, Yun K, Mu R. A review on the biology and properties of adipose tissue macrophages involved in adipose tissue physiological and pathophysiological processes. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:164. [PMID: 32646451 PMCID: PMC7350193 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity exhibits a correlation with metabolic inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting the progression of metabolic disease such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and so on. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are central players in obesity-associated inflammation and metabolic diseases. Macrophages are involved in lipid and energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in adipocytes. Macrophage polarization is accompanied by metabolic shifting between glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Here, this review focuses on macrophage metabolism linked to functional phenotypes with an emphasis on macrophage polarization in adipose tissue physiological and pathophysiological processes. In particular, the interplay between ATMs and adipocytes in energy metabolism, glycolysis, OXPHOS, iron handing and even interactions with the nervous system have been reviewed. Overall, the understanding of protective and pathogenic roles of ATMs in adipose tissue can potentially provide strategies to prevent and treat obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Li
- The First Clinical Medicine Faculty, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ke Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Runqing Mu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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270
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Kita S, Maeda N, Shimomura I. Interorgan communication by exosomes, adipose tissue, and adiponectin in metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4041-4049. [PMID: 31483293 DOI: 10.1172/jci129193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays important roles in regulating whole-body energy metabolism through its storage function in white adipocytes and its dissipating function in brown and beige adipocytes. Adipose tissue also produces a variety of secreted factors called adipocytokines, including leptin and adiponectin. Furthermore, recent studies have suggested the important roles of extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin termed exosomes, which are secreted from adipocytes and other cells in adipose tissue and influence whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism. Adiponectin is known to be a pleiotropic organ-protective protein that is exclusively produced by adipocytes and decreased in obesity. Adiponectin accumulates in tissues such as heart, muscle, and vascular endothelium through binding with T-cadherin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) cadherin. Recently, adiponectin was found to enhance exosome biogenesis and secretion, leading to a decrease in cellular ceramides, excess of which is known to cause insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease phenotypes. These findings support the hypothesis that adipose tissue metabolism systemically regulates exosome production and whole-body metabolism through exosomes. This review focuses on intra-adipose and interorgan communication by exosomes, adiponectin-stimulated exosome production, and their dysregulation in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunbun Kita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine.,Department of Adipose Management, and
| | - Norikazu Maeda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine.,Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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271
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Gao Y, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Qian J. Identification of MicroRNA-Target Gene-Transcription Factor Regulatory Networks in Colorectal Adenoma Using Microarray Expression Data. Front Genet 2020; 11:463. [PMID: 32508878 PMCID: PMC7248367 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to find the key genes, microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TFs) and construct miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism in colorectal adenoma (CRA). Methods Four mRNA expression datasets and one miRNA expression dataset were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between CRA and normal samples. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis for DEGs was carried out utilizing the Cytoscape-plugin, known as ClueGO. These DEGs were mapped to STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, a miRNA-target gene regulatory network was established to screen key DEMs. In addition, similar workflow of the analyses were also performed comparing the CRC samples with CRA ones to screen key DEMs. Finally, miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks were constructed for these key DEMs using iRegulon plug-in in Cytoscape. Results We identified 514 DEGs and 167 DEMs in CRA samples compared to healthy samples. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in several terms and pathways, such as regulation of cell migration and bile secretion pathway. A PPI network was constructed including 325 nodes as well as 890 edges. A total of 59 DEGs and 65 DEMs were identified in CRC samples compared to CRA ones. In addition, Two key DEMs in CRA samples compared to healthy samples were identified, such as hsa-miR-34a and hsa-miR-96. One key DEM, hsa-miR-29c, which was identified when we compared the differentially expressed molecules found in the comparison CRA versus normal samples to the ones obtained in the comparison CRC versus CRA, was also identified in CRC samples compared to CRA ones. The miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks for these key miRNAs included two TFs, one TF and five TFs, respectively. Conclusion These identified key genes, miRNA, TFs and miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks associated with CRA, to a certain degree, may provide some hints to enable us to better understand the underlying pathogenesis of CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Shenglai Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Junbo Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
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272
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Zhang L, Li F, Guo Q, Duan Y, Wang W, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Yin Y. Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1299. [PMID: 32370170 PMCID: PMC7282259 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is an important and complex biochemical process involved in the storage of energy and maintenance of normal biological functions. Leucine, a branched amino acid, has anti-obesity effects on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Leucine also modulates mitochondrial dysfunction, representing a new strategy to target aging, neurodegenerative disease, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although various studies have been carried out, much uncertainty still exists and further studies are required to fully elucidate the relationship between leucine and lipid metabolism. This review offers an up-to-date report on leucine, as key roles in both lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in vivo and in vitro by acceleration of fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis, activation of the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-silent information regulator of transcription 1 (SIRT1)-proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) pathway, synthesis, and/or secretion of adipokines and stability of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Yinzhao Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.Z.); (Q.G.); (Y.D.); (W.W.); (Y.Y.)
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273
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Ozaki Tan SJ, Floriano JF, Nicastro L, Emanueli C, Catapano F. Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E707. [PMID: 32370160 PMCID: PMC7277090 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, representing approximately a third of all deaths every year. The greater part of these cases is represented by myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack as it is better known, which occurs when declining blood flow to the heart causes injury to cardiac tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that represent a promising vector for cell therapies that aim to treat MI due to their potent regenerative effects. However, it remains unclear the extent to which MSC-based therapies are able to induce regeneration in the heart and even less clear the degree to which clinical outcomes could be improved. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) known to have implications in intracellular communication, derived from MSCs (MSC-Exos), have recently emerged as a novel cell-free vector that is capable of conferring cardio-protection and regeneration in target cardiac cells. In this review, we assess the current state of research of MSC-Exos in the context of MI. In particular, we place emphasis on the mechanisms of action by which MSC-Exos accomplish their therapeutic effects, along with commentary on the current difficulties faced with exosome research and the ongoing clinical applications of stem-cell derived exosomes in different medical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Juliana Ferreria Floriano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Laura Nicastro
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Francesco Catapano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
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274
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Geng X, Lin X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Guo Y, Fang C, Wang H. Exosomal circular RNA sorting mechanisms and their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3369-3380. [PMID: 32269609 PMCID: PMC7114721 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale phospholipid bilayer vesicles that can be artificially engineered into vectors for the treatment of cancer. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of non-coding RNA, has crucial regulatory functions in various aspects of cancer, such as tumorigenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemo- and radiotherapeutic resistance, as well as in cancer prognosis. Notably, the exosomal transfer of circRNAs may function to both promote and inhibit cancer. Numerous studies have addressed the importance of circRNAs in cancer and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) in exosomes. However, little research has focussed on a class of RNAs called exosomal circRNAs. The present review discusses current studies regarding exosomal circRNAs, including their biogenesis and biological functions, their abundance in exosomes and possible sorting mechanisms and their potential roles in both promoting and inhibiting cancer. It is predicted that in the next five years there will be increasing research exploring the functional mechanisms of exosomal circRNA in various diseases, in particular their roles in cancer genesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchao Geng
- Faculty of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Faculty of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Guo
- Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Faculty of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, P.R. China
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275
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Cheng F, Yuan G, He J, Shao Y, Zhang J, Guo X. Aberrant expression of miR-214 is associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance as a biomarker and therapeutic. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:18. [PMID: 32093712 PMCID: PMC7041268 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) in obesity is associated with the occurrence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Dipepidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a pivotal role during the development of IR, and was found to be a target gene of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in our study. This study sought to assess the expression and clinical value of miR-214 in obese patients with IR, and investigate its therapeutic potential in obese rats and adipocytes with IR. METHODS Serum expression of miR-214 in obese patients with or without IR was estimated by quantitative real-time-PCR. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-214 in the patients. Obesity-induced IR animal and cell models were constructed, and the therapeutic ability of miR-214 was explored. RESULTS Serum expression of miR-214 was decreased in obese patients compared with the healthy controls, and the lowest expression was observed in the cases with IR. Downregulation of miR-214 was significantly correlated with the serum DPP4 levels and HOMA-IR of the patients upon IR conditions, and was demonstrated to perform diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing obese patients with IR from those without IR. In obesity-associated IR animal and cell models, the downregulation of miR-214 was also been detected. According to the measurement of glucose and insulin tolerance and glucose uptake abilities, we found that the overexpression of miR-214 could be used to alleviate IR in the IR models, especially when collaboratively used with DPP4 inhibitor vildagliptin. CONCLUSION All data revealed that miR-214, as a regulator of DPP4, is decreased in obese patients with IR and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. The upregulation of miR-214 could improve IR in obese rats and adipocytes, indicating that miR-214 has the therapeutic potential for obesity and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiao Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Geheng Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Jiao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding First Central Hispital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yimin Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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276
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Zhou Y, Xiao Y. The Development of Extracellular Vesicle-Integrated Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1250:97-108. [PMID: 32601940 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3262-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The clinical need for effective bone regeneration remains in huge demands. Although autologous and allogeneic bone grafts are generally considered "gold standard" treatments for bone defects, these approaches may result in various complications. Furthermore, safety considerations of gene- and cell-based therapies require further clarification and approval from regulatory authorities. Therefore, developing new therapeutic biomaterials that can empower endogenous regenerative properties to accelerate bone repair and regeneration is of great significance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise a heterogeneous population of naturally derived nanoparticles that play a critical role in mediating cell-cell communication. The vast amount of biological processes that EVs are involved in, such as immune modulation, senescence, and angiogenesis, and the versatility of manner in which they can influence the behavior of recipient cells make EVs an interesting source for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Advancement of knowledge in the fields of immunology and cell biology has sparked the exploration of the potential of EVs in the field of regenerative medicine. EVs travel between cells and deliver functional cargoes, such as proteins and RNAs, thereby regulating the recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation of recipient cells. Numerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of EVs in tissue regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. In this chapter, we will outline current knowledge surrounding EVs, summarize their functional roles in bone regenerative medicine, and elaborate on potential application and challenges of EV-integrated biomaterials in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Zhou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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277
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Manoel Alves J, Handerson Gomes Teles R, do Valle Gomes Gatto C, Muñoz VR, Regina Cominetti M, Garcia de Oliveira Duarte AC. Mapping Research in the Obesity, Adipose Tissue, and MicroRNA Field: A Bibliometric Analysis. Cells 2019; 8:E1581. [PMID: 31817583 PMCID: PMC6952878 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated the control of adipose tissue expansion and inflammatory process by microRNAs (miRNAs). These two processes are of great interest because both are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, despite the great relevance of the role of miRNAs in obesity and adipose tissue, no qualitative and quantitative analysis on the subject has been performed. Thus, we aimed to examine global research activity and current trends with respect to the interaction between obesity, adipose tissue and miRNAs through a bibliometric analysis. This research was performed on the Scopus database for publications containing miRNA, obesity, and adipose tissue keyword combinations. In total, 898 articles were analyzed and the most frequently occurring keywords were selected and clustered into three well-defined groups. As a result, first group of keywords pointed to the research area on miRNAs expressed in obesity-associated diseases. The second group demonstrated the regulation of the adipogenesis process by miRNAs, while the third group highlighted brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis as one of the latest global research trends related to the theme. The studies selected in this paper describe the expression and performance of different miRNAs in obesity and comorbidities. Most studies have focused on identifying miRNAs and signaling pathways associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, the miRNA profile for these diseases may be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Manoel Alves
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ramon Handerson Gomes Teles
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (R.H.G.T.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Camila do Valle Gomes Gatto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil;
| | - Márcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (R.H.G.T.); (M.R.C.)
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278
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Jin L, Ye H, Pan M, Chen Y, Ye B, Zheng Y, Huang W, Pan S, Shi Z, Zhang J. Kruppel-like factor 4 improves obesity-related nephropathy through increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and activities. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1200-1207. [PMID: 31800161 PMCID: PMC6991690 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is positively linked to multiple metabolic complications including renal diseases. Several studies have demonstrated Kruppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) participated in renal dysfunction and structural disorders in acute kidney injuries, but whether it affected the process of chronic kidney diseases was unknown. Therefore, present study was to disclose the role of renal KLF4 in dietary‐induced renal injuries and underlying mechanisms in obesity. Through utilizing high‐fat diet‐fed mice and human renal biopsies, we provided the physiological roles of KLF4 in protecting against obesity‐related nephropathy. Decreased levels of renal KLF4 were positively correlated with dietary‐induced renal dysfunction, including increased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Overexpression of renal KLF4 suppressed inflammatory response in palmitic acid‐treated mouse endothelial cells. Furthermore, overexpressed KLF4 also attenuated dietary‐induced renal functional disorders, abnormal structural remodelling and inflammation. Mechanistically, KLF4 maintained renal mitochondrial biogenesis and activities to combat obesity‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In clinical renal biopsies and plasma, the renal Klf4 level was negatively associated with circulating levels of creatinine but positively associated with renal creatinine clearance. In conclusions, the present findings firstly supported that renal KLF4 played an important role in combating obesity‐related nephropathy, and KLF4/mitochondrial function partially determined the energy homeostasis in chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hanyang Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bairu Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shufang Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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279
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Abstract
Obesity is a complex condition that is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which can lead to the development of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence is accumulating that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) act as a new class of endocrine factor. These miRNAs are released by many types of tissue, including adipose tissues. miRNAs might serve as endocrine and paracrine messengers that facilitate communication between donor cells and tissues with receptor cells or target tissues, thereby potentially having important roles in metabolic organ crosstalk. Moreover, many miRNAs are closely associated with the differentiation of adipocytes and are dysregulated in obesity. As such, circulating miRNAs are attractive potential biomarkers and hold promise for the development of miRNA-based therapeutics (such as miRNA mimetics, anti-miRNA oligonucleotides and exosomes loaded with miRNA) for obesity and related disorders. Here we review the latest research progress on the roles of circulating miRNAs in metabolic organ crosstalk. In addition, we discuss the clinical potential of circulating miRNAs as feasible biomarkers for the assessment of future risk of metabolic disorders and as therapeutic targets in obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbo Ji
- Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China.
| | - Xirong Guo
- Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China.
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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280
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Hu F, Tong J, Deng B, Zheng J, Lu C. MiR-495 regulates macrophage M1/M2 polarization and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice via targeting FTO. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:1529-1537. [PMID: 31709454 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-019-02316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA 495 (miR-495) has been discovered to be involved in the metabolism and immune response in human body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-495 on macrophage M1/M2 polarization and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). A T2D mouse model was established by feeding C57BL/6 mice with a high-fat diet (HFD). The expressions of M1/M2 polarization markers and miR-495 in peritoneal macrophages were determined by qRT-PCR or Western blot. Mouse insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) were performed, and the targeted binding effect between miR-495, fat mass, and obesity-associated gene (FTO) was verified by double luciferase gene reporter assay. The body weight, blood glucose content, and miR-495 expression in macrophages of the HFD group were remarkably higher than those of the normal diet (ND) group. Besides, miR-495 induced the transformation of macrophages into M1-type pro-inflammatory macrophages and enhanced the insulin resistance of T2D mice. More importantly, FTO was proved to be a direct target gene of miR-495 and silencing FTO could induce the transformation of macrophages into M1-type pro-inflammatory macrophages. These results demonstrated that miR-495 could promote the transformation of macrophages into M1-type pro-inflammatory macrophages by inhibiting the expression of its target gene FTO, and aggravate the insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation in T2D mice, which provided a certain theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Tianjin, 300192, Nankai District, China
| | - Jingkai Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, Nankai District, China
| | - Bangli Deng
- Clinical Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, Heping District, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Tianjin, 300192, Nankai District, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Tianjin, 300192, Nankai District, China.
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281
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Macrophage metabolic reprogramming aggravates aortic dissection through the HIF1α-ADAM17 pathway ✰. EBioMedicine 2019; 49:291-304. [PMID: 31640947 PMCID: PMC6945268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aortic dissection is a severe inflammatory vascular disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. The hallmarks of aortic dissection comprise aortic inflammatory cell infiltration and elastic fiber disruption, highlighting the involvement of macrophage. Here a role for macrophage hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in aortic dissection was uncovered. Methods Immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blot and qPCR were performed to test the change of macrophage HIF-1α in two kinds of aortic dissection models and human tissues. Metabolomics and Seahorse extracellular flux analysis were used to detect the metabolic state of macrophages involved in the development of aortic dissection. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric bead array (CBA) were employed for mechanistic studies. Findings Macrophages involved underwent distinct metabolic reprogramming, especially fumarate accumulation, thus inducing HIF-1α activation in the development of aortic dissection in human and mouse models. Mechanistic studies revealed that macrophage HIF-1α activation triggered vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation and elastic plate breakage through increased a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17), identified as a novel target gene of HIF-1α. A HIF-1α specific inhibitor acriflavine elicited protective effects on aortic dissection dependent on macrophage HIF-1α. Interpretation This study reveals that macrophage metabolic reprogramming activates HIF-1α and subsequently promotes aortic dissection progression, suggesting that macrophage HIF-1α inhibition might be a potential therapeutic target for treating aortic dissection.
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282
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Scoditti E, Carpi S, Massaro M, Pellegrino M, Polini B, Carluccio MA, Wabitsch M, Verri T, Nieri P, De Caterina R. Hydroxytyrosol Modulates Adipocyte Gene and miRNA Expression Under Inflammatory Condition. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102493. [PMID: 31627295 PMCID: PMC6836288 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of the adipose tissue (AT) is a major contributor to obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications. The olive oil polyphenol hydroxytyrosol (HT) contributes to Mediterranean diet cardiometabolic benefits through mechanisms still partially unknown. We investigated HT (1 and 10 μmol/L) effects on gene expression (mRNA and microRNA) related to inflammation induced by 10 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes. At real-time PCR, HT significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced mRNA levels, of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, C-X-C Motif Ligand-10, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, cyclooxygenase-2, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-1, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and reverted the TNF-α-mediated inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α, and glucose transporter-4. We found similar effects in adipocytes stimulated by macrophage-conditioned media. Accordingly, HT significantly counteracted miR-155-5p, miR-34a-5p, and let-7c-5p expression in both cells and exosomes, and prevented NF-κB activation and production of reactive oxygen species. HT can therefore modulate adipocyte gene expression profile through mechanisms involving a reduction of oxidative stress and NF-κB inhibition. By such mechanisms, HT may blunt macrophage recruitment and improve AT inflammation, preventing the deregulation of pathways involved in obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Sara Carpi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Pellegrino
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Paola Nieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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283
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Jones PH, Deng B, Winkler J, Zirnheld AL, Ehringer S, Shetty V, Cox M, Nguyen H, Shen WJ, Huang TT, Wang E. Over-expression of miR-34c leads to early-life visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13844. [PMID: 31554925 PMCID: PMC6761099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight children and adolescents are at high risk for adult and late life obesity. This report investigates some underlying mechanisms contributing to obesity during early life in an animal model. We generated a strain of transgenic mice, cU2, overexpressing human microRNA 34c, a microRNA functionally implicated in adipogenesis. Male and female cU2 mice exhibit significant weight gain, accompanied by marked increase in abdominal fat mass and metabolic abnormalities, including reduction of both glucose clearance rate and insulin sensitivity, as early as two months of age. Adipogenesis derailment at this early age is suggested by decreased expression of adiponectin, the fat mass and obesity-associated gene, and the adiponectin receptor R1, coupled with a reduction of the brown fat biomarker PAT2 and the adipogenesis inhibitor SIRT1. Notably, adiponectin is an important adipokine and an essential regulator of glucose and fatty acid homeostasis. cU2 mice may provide a crucial animal model for investigating the role of miR-34c in early onset insulin resistance and visceral fat mass increase, contributing to accelerated body weight gain and metabolic disorders. Intervention in this dysregulation may open a new preventive strategy to control early-life weight gain and abnormal insulin resistance, and thus prevalent adult and late life obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Deng
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Cox
- Advanced Genomic Technology, LLC, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Jun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Eugenia Wang
- Advanced Genomic Technology, LLC, Louisville, KY, USA
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284
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Xu Y, Xu Y, Zhu Y, Sun H, Juguilon C, Li F, Fan D, Yin L, Zhang Y. Macrophage miR-34a Is a Key Regulator of Cholesterol Efflux and Atherosclerosis. Mol Ther 2019; 28:202-216. [PMID: 31604677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a key regulator of macrophage cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport by modulating ATP-binding cassette transporters ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1). miR-34a also regulates M1 and M2 macrophage polarization via liver X receptor α. Furthermore, global loss of miR-34a reduces intestinal cholesterol or fat absorption by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP7A1 and sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1). Consistent with these findings, macrophage-selective or global ablation of miR-34a markedly inhibits the development of atherosclerosis. Finally, therapeutic inhibition of miR-34a promotes atherosclerosis regression and reverses diet-induced metabolic disorders. Our studies outline a central role of miR-34a in regulating macrophage cholesterol efflux, inflammation, and atherosclerosis, suggesting that miR-34a is a promising target for treatment of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyong Xu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Yingdong Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Huihui Sun
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Cody Juguilon
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
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285
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Exosomal microRNA-122 mediates obesity-related cardiomyopathy through suppressing mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1871-1881. [PMID: 31434696 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) participate in the development of multiple metabolic complications including cardiovascular diseases. Among them, circulating level of liver-secreted miR-122 was closely correlated with several consequence of heart diseases in clinical studies, and overexpression of miR-122 impaired cardiomyocyte function. However, it was unknown whether miR-122 could regulate cardiac biology in obesity. Therefore, present study was to disclose the role of miR-122 in cardiac metabolic disorders and potential molecular mechanisms. Through utilizing clinical samples and high fat diet-fed mice, we investigated the physiological roles of miR-122 in obesity-related cardiomyopathy. Besides, present study explored the mitochondrial function under exosomal miR-122 stimulation in mouse primary cardiomyocytes. In clinical samples and obese mice, the circulating level of exosomal miR-122 was positively correlated with cardiac dysfunctional parameters, including reduction in ejection fraction (EF) and increased levels of NT-proBNP. Human plasma exosomes transported miR-122 into mouse primary cardiomyocytes, and impaired mitochondrial ATP production and oxygen consumption, whereas miR-122 sponge improved these inhibitory effects. In dietary-induced mice, increased hepatic and circulating exosomal miR-122 deteriorated cardiac structure and functional index, and inhibited mitochondrial function. Liver-specific blockage of miR-122 attenuated abnormal cardiac remodeling. Mechanistically, miR-122 directly bound and suppressed mitochondrial protein ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2 (Arl-2) in vitro and in vivo Knockdown of Arl-2 abolished the mitochondrial benefits of miR-122 sponge in exosome-treated mouse primary cardiomyocytes.In conclusions, our present study firstly showed that liver-secreted exosomal miR-122 played a critical role in the development of metabolic cardiomyopathy, and miR-122/mitochondrial Arl-2 signaling affected cardiac energy homeostasis.
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van der Zande HJP, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Guigas B. Immune Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis by Helminths and Their Molecules. Trends Parasitol 2019; 35:795-808. [PMID: 31492623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since time immemorial, humans have coevolved with a wide variety of parasitic helminths that have contributed to shape their immune system. The recent eradication of helminth infections in modern societies has coincided with a spectacular rise in inflammatory metabolic diseases, such as obesity, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and type 2 diabetes. Landmark studies in the emerging field of immunometabolism have highlighted the central role of the immune system in regulating metabolic functions, notably in adipose tissue, liver, and the gut. In this review we discuss how helminths, which are among the strongest natural inducers of type 2 immunity, and some of their unique immunomodulatory molecules, may contribute to the maintenance of tissue-specific and whole-body metabolic homeostasis and protection against obesity-associated meta-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. @lumc.nl
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287
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Caslin HL, Hasty AH. Extrinsic and Intrinsic Immunometabolism Converge: Perspectives on Future Research and Therapeutic Development for Obesity. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:210-219. [PMID: 30919312 PMCID: PMC6661206 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Research over the past decade has shown that immunologic and metabolic pathways are intricately linked. This burgeoning field of immunometabolism includes intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and is known to be associated with obesity-accelerated metabolic disease. Intrinsic immunometabolism includes the study of fuel utilization and bioenergetic pathways that influence immune cell function. Extrinsic immunometabolism includes the study of immune cells and products that influence systemic metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Th2 immunity, macrophage iron handling, adaptive immune memory, and epigenetic regulation of immunity, which all require intrinsic metabolic changes, play a role in systemic metabolism and metabolic function, linking the two arms of immunometabolism. Together, this suggests that targeting intrinsic immunometabolism can directly affect immune function and ultimately systemic metabolism. We highlight important questions for future basic research that will help improve translational research and provide therapeutic targets to help establish new treatments for obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Caslin
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 813 Light Hall, 23rd Ave. South and Pierce, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 813 Light Hall, 23rd Ave. South and Pierce, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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288
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Ni Z, Kuang L, Chen H, Xie Y, Zhang B, Ouyang J, Wu J, Zhou S, Chen L, Su N, Tan Q, Luo X, Chen B, Chen S, Yin L, Huang H, Du X, Chen L. The exosome-like vesicles from osteoarthritic chondrocyte enhanced mature IL-1β production of macrophages and aggravated synovitis in osteoarthritis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:522. [PMID: 31285423 PMCID: PMC6614358 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synovitis, a common clinical symptom for osteoarthritis (OA) patients, is highly related to OA pathological progression and pain manifestation. The activated synovial macrophages have been demonstrated to play an important role in synovitis, but the mechanisms about macrophage activation are still not clear. In this study, we found that the exosome-like vesicles from osteoarthritic chondrocytes could be a new biological factor to stimulate inflammasome activation and increase mature IL-1β production in macrophages. The degraded cartilage explants produced more exosome-like vesicles than the nondegraded ones, while the exosome-like vesicles from chondrocytes could enter into joint synovium tissue and macrophages. Moreover, the exosome-like vesicles from osteoarthritic chondrocytes enhanced the production of mature IL-1β in macrophages. These vesicles could inhibit ATG4B expression via miR-449a-5p, leading to inhibition of autophagy in LPS-primed macrophages. The decreased autophagy promoted the production of mitoROS, which further enhanced the inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β processing. Ultimately, the increase of mature IL-1β may aggravate synovial inflammation and promote the progression of OA disease. Our study provides a new perspective to understand the activation of synovial macrophages and synovitis in OA patients, which may be beneficial for therapeutic intervention in synovitis-related OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Ni
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Hangang Chen
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Junjie Ouyang
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Siru Zhou
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Su
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - QiaoYan Tan
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyang Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qianjiang Nationality Hospital, 409000, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolan Du
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Laboratory for the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Injuries, Laboratory of Trauma, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400042, Chongqing, China.
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Ruiz HH, Díez RL, Arivazahagan L, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e166-e174. [PMID: 31242034 PMCID: PMC6693645 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes remain leading causes of reduced health span and life span throughout the world. Hence, it is not surprising that these areas are at the center of highly active areas of research. The identification of novel mechanisms underlying these metabolic disorders sets the stage for uncovering new potential therapeutic strategies. In this issue of Highlights in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, we review recently published papers in the journal that add to our understanding of causes and consequences of obesity and diabetes and how these disorders impact metabolic function. Collectively, these studies in cultured cells to in vivo animal models to human subjects add to the growing body of evidence that both cell-intrinsic and cell-cell communication mechanisms collaborate in metabolic disorders to cause obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Ruiz
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Raquel López Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Lakshmi Arivazahagan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review is to discuss recent advances in microRNA (miRNA) regulation of lipid metabolism and highlight the importance of miRNA-mediated gene regulation in dyslipidemia and fatty liver disease. This article reviews examples of miRNAs that bridge disparate metabolic pathways in the liver. For example, we highlight miRNAs that are regulated by the sterol-sensing pathway in the liver that in turn regulate cellular or systemic cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose levels. RECENT FINDINGS The most widely studied of these miRNAs are miR-33a/b; however, we recently reported that miRNAs in the miR-183/96/182 cluster are also likely regulated by hepatic cholesterol content and mediate the observed glucose-lowering effects of the bile acid sequestrant colesevelam through the sterol-sensing pathway. In addition, several other hepatic and adipose miRNAs have been recently demonstrated to be key regulators of cellular lipid synthesis, storage, and catabolism, as well as systemic lipid metabolism. Moreover, many of these miRNAs are altered in fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia. SUMMARY miRNAs are not just fine-tuners of lipid metabolism, but critical regulatory factors in lipid homeostasis and health. Loss of these miRNA regulatory modules very likely contributes to the underlying metabolic defects observed in lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie R. Sedgeman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. USA
| | - Danielle L. Michell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. USA
| | - Kasey C. Vickers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. USA
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291
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Yao Y, Gong H, Pang Y, Gu L, Niu S, Xu Y, Li P, Liu K, Tang L, Xuan Y, Gao Y, Zhang X. Risk Factors Influencing the Thickness and Stranding of Perinephric Fat of Mayo Adhesive Probability Score in Minimally Invasive Nephrectomy. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3825-3831. [PMID: 31118409 PMCID: PMC6543873 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mayo adhesive probability (MAP) score, an accurate and reliable predictor of adherent perinephric fat (APF), consists of posterior perinephric fat thickness and perinephric fat stranding. The present study aimed to identify the potential clinical characteristics associated with these 2 variables to further our understanding of APF. Material/Methods Clinical data of 346 patients subjected to minimally invasive nephrectomy was collected within our prospectively maintained database, between January 2015 and December 2016. Radiological data was assessed by 2 readers in an independent blinded – to each other and APF patient status – fashion. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors of posterior perinephric fat thickness and perinephric fat stranding. Results On multivariate analysis, posterior perinephric fat thickness was associated with older age (b=1.05 [range, 1.03–1.07], P<0.01); male gender (b=6.06 [3.18–11.54], P<0.01), and higher body mass index (BMI) (b=1.31 [1.21–1.41], P<0.01). Perinephric fat stranding was associated with older age (b=1.05 [1.02–1.07], P<0.01), male gender (b=3.64 [2.09–6.34], P<0.01) and history of diabetes (b=2.09 [1.24–3.52], P<0.01). MAP score was associated with older age (b=1.05 [1.03–1.07], P<0.01), male gender (b=5.07 [2.96–8.71], P<0.01), higher BMI (b=1.14 [1.07–1.21], P<0.01), history of diabetes (b=1.72 [1.06–2.78], P=0.03) and alcoholism (b=1.88 [1.10–3.20], P=0.02). Conclusions The current study highlights that different risk factors influence the posterior perinephric fat thickness and perinephric fat stranding. Posterior perinephric fat thickness was correlated with age, gender, and BMI, while perinephric fat stranding was associated with age, gender, and history of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Yao
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Huijie Gong
- Department of Urology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yuewen Pang
- Department of Urology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Liangyou Gu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Shaoxi Niu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yansheng Xu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Pin Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Kan Liu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yundong Xuan
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Vianello E, Marrocco-Trischitta Massimiliano M, Dozio E, Bandera F, Tacchini L, Canciani E, Dellavia C, Schmitz G, Lorenzo M, Corsi Romanelli Massimiliano M. Correlational study on altered epicardial adipose tissue as a stratification risk factor for valve disease progression through IL-13 signaling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:210-218. [PMID: 31102584 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Genetic and environmental factors all interact in the risk of progression of valvular dysfunctions. Previous studies reported a relation between valve diseases and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness. The aim of this study was to verify the possible relationship between the molecular pattern of EAT related to IL-13 fibrogenic cytokine expression and valve dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS A valvular heart disease (VHD) population was stratified according to their median EAT thickness (7 mm). The molecular expression of IL-13 in EAT is directly related to the molecular expression of genes associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, macrophage infiltration and promotion of the formation of ectopic calcific nodules involved in aorta coarctation and calcification. CONCLUSION IL-13 gene expression in altered EAT is directly related to the expression of genes involved in ECM turnover and the formation of ectopic calcific nodules, suggesting measurements of EAT as a stratification risk factor for valve instability in the VHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Canciani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Dellavia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Menicanti Lorenzo
- Department of Cardio-Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Marco Corsi Romanelli Massimiliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; U.O.C. SMEL-1 of Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
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Immunometabolic Links between Estrogen, Adipose Tissue and Female Reproductive Metabolism. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8010008. [PMID: 30736459 PMCID: PMC6466614 DOI: 10.3390/biology8010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The current knowledge of sex-dependent differences in adipose tissue biology remains in its infancy and is motivated in part by the desire to understand why menopause is linked to an increased risk of metabolic disease. However, the development and characterization of targeted genetically-modified rodent models are shedding new light on the physiological actions of sex hormones in healthy reproductive metabolism. In this review we consider the need for differentially regulating metabolic flexibility, energy balance, and immunity in a sex-dependent manner. We discuss the recent advances in our understanding of physiological roles of systemic estrogen in regulating sex-dependent adipose tissue distribution, form and function; and in sex-dependent healthy immune function. We also review the decline in protective properties of estrogen signaling in pathophysiological settings such as obesity-related metaflammation and metabolic disease. It is clear that the many physiological actions of estrogen on energy balance, immunity, and immunometabolism together with its dynamic regulation in females make it an excellent candidate for regulating metabolic flexibility in the context of reproductive metabolism.
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